Nature & weather

Mountains, weather, and the outdoors — the landscape the language grew up in.

Landscape

• taw mountain
  Miŋi taw — Mount Elbrus (literally: the eternal mountain)
• jer earth, ground, land
• topuraq soil, earth
• taş stone
• qaya rock, cliff, crag
• terek tree
• ağaç wood / forest
• çeget forest, mountain woodland
• dorbun cave
• özen valley
• qol ravine
• awuş mountain pass
• tar narrow pass
• sırt mountain ridge
• töş hill
• qır steppe
• tüz plain
• biçenlik hayfield
• jaylıq summer pasture
• saban field
• qum sand
• qurğaqlıq drought
• çıran glacier

Water

• suw water / river
• köl lake
• teŋiz sea
• qoban river
• bulaq natural spring, river
• tolqun wave

Weather and sky

• kök sky (also: blue)
• julduz star
• kün sun
• ay moon
• hawa weather
• bulut cloud
• qar snow
• buz ice
• jaŋur rain
• jel wind
• boran snowstorm
• tuban fog, mist
• çıq dew
• qıraw hoarfrost, night freeze
• eliya lightning, thunderbolt
• gürüldew rumbling
• qılıç rainbow
• qulaq avalanche

Ground and fire

• ot fire
• tütün smoke
• kül ash
• balçıq mud
• buqu dust

World and nature

• duniya world
• tabiğat nature

kün and ay also name the day/sun and the month/moon in the time words — one word each covers both the sky-body and the unit of time.