taw
/taw/ · plural tawla
mountain — Before another noun it means mountain, mountainous or highland, as in taw jol a mountain road or taw suw a mountain river.
- biz jayda tawğa çığabız — in summer we climb the mountain
- tawnu başında qar jatadı — snow lies on the top of the mountain
- tawla qar bla jabılğandıla — the mountains are covered with snow
- tawdan tüşerge — to come down from the mountain
- taw hawa sawluqğa bek igidi — mountain air is very good for health
- taw jolla qışda qıyın boladıla — mountain roads become hard in winter
- Miŋi taw — Mount Elbrus
- sınjır tawla — a mountain chain
- taw başla — mountain peaks
- taw artı — the far side of the mountain
- taw etek — the foot of the mountain, the foothills
- taw jol — a mountain road
- taw suw — a mountain river
- taw jaylıqla — the mountain pastures
- taw tawğa tübemeydi — a mountain does not meet another mountain
- taw başında taw bolmaz — there won't be a mountain on top of a mountain
Expressions
- jüregi taw teŋli bolurğa — spirits soar
- kölün tawlağa teŋ eterge — gladden, elate
- sanı sawnu kölü taw — healthy body, proud spirit
- taw artı — Transcaucasia
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | tawthe mountain | tawummy mountain | tawuŋyour mountain | tawuhis mountain | tawubuzour mountain | tawuğuzyou all's mountain | tawlarıtheir mountains |
| Genitive | tawnuthe mountain's | tawumumy mountain's | tawuŋuyour mountain's | tawunuhis mountain's | tawubuznuour mountain's | tawuğuznuyou all's mountain's | tawlarınıtheir mountains' |
| Accusative | tawnuthe mountain (as the object) | tawumumy mountain (as the object) | tawuŋuyour mountain (as the object) | tawunhis mountain (as the object) | tawubuznuour mountain (as the object) | tawuğuznuyou all's mountain (as the object) | tawlarıntheir mountains (as the object) |
| Dative | tawğato the mountain | tawumato my mountain | tawuŋato your mountain | tawunato his mountain | tawubuzğato our mountain | tawuğuzğato you all's mountain | tawlarınato their mountains |
| Locative | tawdain / at the mountain | tawumdain / at my mountain | tawuŋdain / at your mountain | tawundain / at his mountain | tawubuzdain / at our mountain | tawuğuzdain / at you all's mountain | tawlarındain / at their mountains |
| Ablative | tawdanfrom the mountain | tawumdanfrom my mountain | tawuŋdanfrom your mountain | tawundanfrom his mountain | tawubuzdanfrom our mountain | tawuğuzdanfrom you all's mountain | tawlarındanfrom their mountains |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | tawlathe mountains | tawlarımmy mountains | tawlarıŋyour mountains | tawlarıhis mountains | tawlarıbızour mountains | tawlarığızyou all's mountains | tawlarıtheir mountains |
| Genitive | tawlanıthe mountains' | tawlarımımy mountains' | tawlarıŋıyour mountains' | tawlarınıhis mountains' | tawlarıbıznıour mountains' | tawlarığıznıyou all's mountains' | tawlarınıtheir mountains' |
| Accusative | tawlanıthe mountains (as the object) | tawlarımımy mountains (as the object) | tawlarıŋıyour mountains (as the object) | tawlarınhis mountains (as the object) | tawlarıbıznıour mountains (as the object) | tawlarığıznıyou all's mountains (as the object) | tawlarıntheir mountains (as the object) |
| Dative | tawlağato the mountains | tawlarımato my mountains | tawlarıŋato your mountains | tawlarınato his mountains | tawlarıbızğato our mountains | tawlarığızğato you all's mountains | tawlarınato their mountains |
| Locative | tawladain / at the mountains | tawlarımdain / at my mountains | tawlarıŋdain / at your mountains | tawlarındain / at his mountains | tawlarıbızdain / at our mountains | tawlarığızdain / at you all's mountains | tawlarındain / at their mountains |
| Ablative | tawladanfrom the mountains | tawlarımdanfrom my mountains | tawlarıŋdanfrom your mountains | tawlarındanfrom his mountains | tawlarıbızdanfrom our mountains | tawlarığızdanfrom you all's mountains | tawlarındanfrom their mountains |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: tawları can mean "his / her mountains", "their mountain", or "their mountains" — context decides.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.