jel
/dʒel/
Definitions
1. wind
- jel uradı — the wind is blowing
- bügün jeldi — it is windy today
- jelni artı jangur bolur — the end of a wind is rain
2. wind in the belly, gas
- awruğannı jeli çıqmaydı — the sick man's wind does not pass
- jel qısadı — the wind in the belly is griping
- jeli çıqdı — his wind has passed
3. rheumatism
- tobuqlarım jeldile — my knees are rheumatic
- jel awruw — the rheumatic complaint
- anı jeli tuthandı — the rheumatism has taken hold of him
Related
Origin
A word Karachay inherited from Proto-Turkic; Siemieniec-Gołaś lists it among the Proto-Turkic stock of Karachay-Balkar (2000, p. 80).Feedback
or .Cases
| Singular | Plural | When to use it | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | jelthe wind | jellethe winds | the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence |
| genitive | jelnithe wind's | jellenithe winds' | the owner — whose it is |
| accusative | jelnithe wind (as the object) | jellenithe winds (as the object) | a specific, known object — whom or what |
| dative | jelgeto the wind | jellegeto the winds | direction or recipient — to where, to whom |
| locative | jeldeat / in the wind | jelledeat / in the winds | where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it" |
| ablative | jeldenfrom the wind | jelledenfrom the winds | where it comes from; also "than" when comparing |
When to use each case
- nominative
- the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence
- genitive
- the owner — whose it is
- accusative
- a specific, known object — whom or what
- dative
- direction or recipient — to where, to whom
- locative
- where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it"
- ablative
- where it comes from; also "than" when comparing
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.
With an owner
| One owned | Several owned | |
|---|---|---|
| my | jelimmy wind | jellerimmy winds |
| your | jelingyour wind | jelleringyour winds |
| his / her | jelihis / her wind | jellerihis / her winds |
| our | jelibizour wind | jelleribizour winds |
| you all's | jeligizyou all's wind | jellerigizyou all's winds |
| their | jelleritheir wind | jelleritheir winds |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: jelleri can mean "his / her winds", "their wind", or "their winds" — context decides.