buqu
/buqu/ · plural buqula
dust, fine dry earth — Before another noun it means dusty, covered in dust, as in buqu oram "dusty street".
- buqu jerge qondu — the dust settled on the ground
- oramnı buqusu — the dust of the street
- buqu çökgendi — the dust has settled
- qalpağıma buqu qonŋandı — dust has settled on my hat
- jol buqusun jel költürdü — the wind raised the road dust
- buqu közüme kirdi — dust got into my eye
- üsüŋü buqu bashandı — dust has covered your clothes
- buqu bashan stol — a dust-covered table
- buqu oram — dusty street
- buqu bıstırla — dusty clothes
- buqu küyüz — dusty carpet
Expressions
- buqu qondurmazğa — keep above reproach
- buqusun bardırırğa — drive away
- buqusun qağarğa — give a scolding
- tütünün, buqusun çığarırğa — beat and humiliate
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | buquthe dust | buqummy dust | buquŋyour dust | buqusuhis dust | buqubuzour dust | buquğuzyou all's dust | buqularıtheir dusts |
| Genitive | buqunuthe dust's | buqumumy dust's | buquŋuyour dust's | buqusunuhis dust's | buqubuznuour dust's | buquğuznuyou all's dust's | buqularınıtheir dusts' |
| Accusative | buqunuthe dust (as the object) | buqumumy dust (as the object) | buquŋuyour dust (as the object) | buqusunhis dust (as the object) | buqubuznuour dust (as the object) | buquğuznuyou all's dust (as the object) | buqularıntheir dusts (as the object) |
| Dative | buquğato the dust | buqumato my dust | buquŋato your dust | buqusunato his dust | buqubuzğato our dust | buquğuzğato you all's dust | buqularınato their dusts |
| Locative | buqudain / at the dust | buqumdain / at my dust | buquŋdain / at your dust | buqusundain / at his dust | buqubuzdain / at our dust | buquğuzdain / at you all's dust | buqularındain / at their dusts |
| Ablative | buqudanfrom the dust | buqumdanfrom my dust | buquŋdanfrom your dust | buqusundanfrom his dust | buqubuzdanfrom our dust | buquğuzdanfrom you all's dust | buqularındanfrom their dusts |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | buqulathe dusts | buqularımmy dusts | buqularıŋyour dusts | buqularıhis dusts | buqularıbızour dusts | buqularığızyou all's dusts | buqularıtheir dusts |
| Genitive | buqulanıthe dusts' | buqularımımy dusts' | buqularıŋıyour dusts' | buqularınıhis dusts' | buqularıbıznıour dusts' | buqularığıznıyou all's dusts' | buqularınıtheir dusts' |
| Accusative | buqulanıthe dusts (as the object) | buqularımımy dusts (as the object) | buqularıŋıyour dusts (as the object) | buqularınhis dusts (as the object) | buqularıbıznıour dusts (as the object) | buqularığıznıyou all's dusts (as the object) | buqularıntheir dusts (as the object) |
| Dative | buqulağato the dusts | buqularımato my dusts | buqularıŋato your dusts | buqularınato his dusts | buqularıbızğato our dusts | buqularığızğato you all's dusts | buqularınato their dusts |
| Locative | buquladain / at the dusts | buqularımdain / at my dusts | buqularıŋdain / at your dusts | buqularındain / at his dusts | buqularıbızdain / at our dusts | buqularığızdain / at you all's dusts | buqularındain / at their dusts |
| Ablative | buquladanfrom the dusts | buqularımdanfrom my dusts | buqularıŋdanfrom your dusts | buqularındanfrom his dusts | buqularıbızdanfrom our dusts | buqularığızdanfrom you all's dusts | buqularındanfrom their dusts |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: buquları can mean "his / her dusts", "their dust", or "their dusts" — context decides.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.