hawa
/xawa/ · plural hawala
1. air — Before another noun it means air or aerial, as in hawa desant "airborne assault" and hawa çek "air border".
- taza hawanı solurğa — to breathe clean air
- taw hawa — mountain air
- hawa kirsiz boladı — the air is clean
- awur hawa — heavy, stifling air
- suwuq hawa — cold air
- iŋirgi hawağa çığarğa — to go out into the evening air
2. weather, climate — Covers both the weather at a given time and the usual climate of a place.
- hawa türlendi — the weather changed
- hawa suwuğandı — the weather has turned cold
- hawası igi jer — a place with a good climate
- Kavkaznı hawası — the climate of the Caucasus
3. sky, space above the ground
- quşla hawada uçadıla — birds fly in the sky
- hawada uçarğa — to fly in the sky
- hawada uçhan qara bulut — a black cloud flying in the sky
- hawa keme — an airship
Expressions
- hawa çıraq — electric light
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | hawathe air | hawammy air | hawaŋyour air | hawasıhis air | hawabızour air | hawağızyou all's air | hawalarıtheir airs |
| Genitive | hawanıthe air's | hawamımy air's | hawaŋıyour air's | hawasınıhis air's | hawabıznıour air's | hawağıznıyou all's air's | hawalarınıtheir airs' |
| Accusative | hawanıthe air (as the object) | hawamımy air (as the object) | hawaŋıyour air (as the object) | hawasınhis air (as the object) | hawabıznıour air (as the object) | hawağıznıyou all's air (as the object) | hawalarıntheir airs (as the object) |
| Dative | hawağato the air | hawamato my air | hawaŋato your air | hawasınato his air | hawabızğato our air | hawağızğato you all's air | hawalarınato their airs |
| Locative | hawadain / at the air | hawamdain / at my air | hawaŋdain / at your air | hawasındain / at his air | hawabızdain / at our air | hawağızdain / at you all's air | hawalarındain / at their airs |
| Ablative | hawadanfrom the air | hawamdanfrom my air | hawaŋdanfrom your air | hawasındanfrom his air | hawabızdanfrom our air | hawağızdanfrom you all's air | hawalarındanfrom their airs |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | hawalathe airs | hawalarımmy airs | hawalarıŋyour airs | hawalarıhis airs | hawalarıbızour airs | hawalarığızyou all's airs | hawalarıtheir airs |
| Genitive | hawalanıthe airs' | hawalarımımy airs' | hawalarıŋıyour airs' | hawalarınıhis airs' | hawalarıbıznıour airs' | hawalarığıznıyou all's airs' | hawalarınıtheir airs' |
| Accusative | hawalanıthe airs (as the object) | hawalarımımy airs (as the object) | hawalarıŋıyour airs (as the object) | hawalarınhis airs (as the object) | hawalarıbıznıour airs (as the object) | hawalarığıznıyou all's airs (as the object) | hawalarıntheir airs (as the object) |
| Dative | hawalağato the airs | hawalarımato my airs | hawalarıŋato your airs | hawalarınato his airs | hawalarıbızğato our airs | hawalarığızğato you all's airs | hawalarınato their airs |
| Locative | hawaladain / at the airs | hawalarımdain / at my airs | hawalarıŋdain / at your airs | hawalarındain / at his airs | hawalarıbızdain / at our airs | hawalarığızdain / at you all's airs | hawalarındain / at their airs |
| Ablative | hawaladanfrom the airs | hawalarımdanfrom my airs | hawalarıŋdanfrom your airs | hawalarındanfrom his airs | hawalarıbızdanfrom our airs | hawalarığızdanfrom you all's airs | hawalarındanfrom their airs |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: hawaları can mean "his / her airs", "their air", or "their airs" — context decides.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.