topuraq
/ topuraq /
Definitions noun earth, soil, ground
Definitions noun clay
Definitions noun earthen, of clay
Cases
| Singular | Plural | When to use it | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | topuraq the earth | topuraqla the earths | the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence |
| genitive | topuraqnı the earth's | topuraqlanı the earths' | the owner — whose it is |
| accusative | topuraqnı the earth (as the object) | topuraqlanı the earths (as the object) | a specific, known object — whom or what |
| dative | topuraqğa to the earth | topuraqlağa to the earths | direction or recipient — to where, to whom |
| locative | topuraqda at / in the earth | topuraqlada at / in the earths | where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it" |
| ablative | topuraqdan from the earth | topuraqladan from the earths | where it comes from; also "than" when comparing |
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.
With an owner
| One owned | Several owned | |
|---|---|---|
| my | topurağım my earth | topuraqlarım my earths |
| your | topurağıŋ your earth | topuraqlarıŋ your earths |
| his / her | topurağı his / her earth | topuraqları his / her earths |
| our | topurağıbız our earth | topuraqlarıbız our earths |
| you all's | topurağığız you all's earth | topuraqlarığız you all's earths |
| their | topuraqları their earth | topuraqları their earths |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: topuraqları can mean "his / her earths", "their earth", or "their earths" — context decides.