körürge
/køryrɡe/
1. see, catch sight of, notice; be able to see; look at, watch; see someone, meet
- ne kördüŋ? — what did you see?
- men seni köreme — I see you
- biz anı kördük — we saw him
- qayda körgense? — where did you see it?
- körgenley oğuna — as soon as he saw it
- közüŋ bla körürge — to see with your own eyes
- tüşde körürge — to see in a dream
- duniya jarığın körürge — to see the light of the world
2. experience, go through, undergo; suffer, endure (hardship, loss)
- qıyınlıq körürge — to go through hardship
- açlıq körürge — to suffer hunger
- köb zat körgendi — he has been through a great deal
- köbnü körürge — to go through a lot
- tınçlıq körmezge — to know no peace
- jaşawda igilik körürge — to know happiness in life
- ne kördük, ne körmedik — what haven't we been through
- Men körgenni kişi da körmesin! — May nobody go through what I have been through!
3. try, attempt; test (one's strength, luck); dare, as a challenge — After the converb of another verb it works as an auxiliary meaning 'try doing', as in etib kör. As a challenge, alay etib bir kör means 'just you try doing that!'
- aytıb kör — try saying it
- etib körürge — to try doing it
- ol jazıb kördü — he tried writing
- etallıq esem köreyim — let me try and see if I can do it
- qarıwuŋu körürge — to test your strength
- kesiŋe baza eseŋ kör — try, if you rely on yourself
- alay etib bir kör! — just try doing it that way!
- bir körsünçü! — just let him try!
- barıb kördük — we tried going
4. taste, try (food or drink) — körügüz is said when offering food: 'try some, help yourselves!'
- aşnı körürge — to taste the food
- etni kör — taste the meat
- ayrannı kördü — he tasted the ayran
- hıçından körürge — to taste some of the khychin
- tuzun kör — taste it for salt
- körçü, tuzu tabmıdı? — taste it, is the salt right?
- qabıb körürge — to take a bite and try it
- körügüz! — try it!, help yourselves!
5. treat or regard someone in a certain way, especially respect or love — Usually with a word that says how: ariw kör, sıyın kör, janıŋ kibik kör.
- ariw körürge — to treat someone well, respect
- anı igi köredi — he thinks well of him
- jaşımça köreme — I regard him as my own son
- egeçimden başha körmeyme — I regard her as no different from my sister
- adamça körürge — to respect someone as a human being
- sıyın körürge — to show someone special respect
- janıŋ kibik körürge — to love someone like your own soul
- itden başha körmezge — to regard someone as no better than a dog
6. consider, take someone for, think of as
- kesiŋça körürge — to consider someone like yourself
- kesiŋden oŋlu körürge — to consider someone better than yourself
- kesiŋe tab körürge — to consider it convenient for yourself
- qabıl körürge — to consider acceptable, approve
- anı soquranŋança köreme — I think he regrets it
- kesiça körürge — to consider someone his equal
7. blame, hold responsible (with the ablative) — Used as in menden köredile: they blame me.
- menden köredile — they blame me
- munu senden köredile — they blame you for this
- andan kör — blame him for it
- menden körüb başlağandı — he has started blaming me
8. visit, look in on (the sick, a friend)
- teŋin körürge bardı — he went to visit his friend
- seni köre kelgendile — they have come to visit you
- qartnı körüb keldik — we went and looked in on the old man
- köre barırğa — to go visiting
- awruğannı körürge — to visit the sick person
- sawsuznu körürge kerekdi — one must visit the sick
9. examine, look over, inspect — For example, a doctor examining a patient: awruğannı vraç kördü. one source
- mallanı kördüle — they inspected the livestock
- işni körüb çıqdıla — they went over the work
- qarab körürge — to look it over
- körüb alırğa — to look it over and buy it
10. find out, see (how something turns out later) — Often in the future tense: körürbüz 'we shall see'.
- körürbüz! — we'll see!
- ma körürse — you'll see
- köreyik ne bolluq ese da — let's see what comes of it
- jaşay barsaq, körürbüz — if we live on, we'll see
Expressions
- al körgeni — first-child celebration; first wedding celebration
- aman körmezge — think well of
- az jaşab, köb körürge — endure much hardship
- kör da, jarıl — eat your heart out
Conjugation
Common forms
- köredihe is seeing
- kördühe saw
- körgendihe has seen
- körürhe will see
- körlükdühe is going to see
- köre edihe was seeing
- körseif he sees
- kör!see!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menköremeI am seeing | senköreseyou are seeing | olköredihe is seeing | bizkörebizwe are seeing | sizköresizyou all are seeing | alaköredilethey are seeing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkörmeymeI am not seeing | senkörmeyseyou are not seeing | olkörmeydihe is not seeing | bizkörmeybizwe are not seeing | sizkörmeysizyou all are not seeing | alakörmeydilethey are not seeing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkörememi? köremime?am I seeing? | senköremise?are you seeing? | olköremidi?is he seeing? | bizkörebizmi? köremibiz?are we seeing? | sizköremisiz?are you all seeing? | alaköremidile?are they seeing? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkörmeymemi? körmeymime?aren't I seeing? | senkörmeymise?aren't you seeing? | olkörmeymidi?isn't he seeing? | bizkörmeybizmi? körmeymibiz?aren't we seeing? | sizkörmeymisiz?aren't you all seeing? | alakörmeymidile?aren't they seeing? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkörüwçenmeI usually see | senkörüwçenseyou usually see | olkörüwçendihe usually sees | bizkörüwçenbizwe usually see | sizkörüwçensizyou all usually see | alakörüwçendilethey usually see |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkörmewçenmeI usually don't see | senkörmewçenseyou usually don't see | olkörmewçendihe usually doesn't see | bizkörmewçenbizwe usually don't see | sizkörmewçensizyou all usually don't see | alakörmewçendilethey usually don't see |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkörüwçenmemi? körüwçenmime?do I usually see? | senkörüwçenmise?do you usually see? | olkörüwçenmidi?does he usually see? | bizkörüwçenbizmi? körüwçenmibiz?do we usually see? | sizkörüwçenmisiz?do you all usually see? | alakörüwçenmidile?do they usually see? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkörmewçenmemi? körmewçenmime?do I usually not see? | senkörmewçenmise?do you usually not see? | olkörmewçenmidi?does he usually not see? | bizkörmewçenbizmi? körmewçenmibiz?do we usually not see? | sizkörmewçenmisiz?do you all usually not see? | alakörmewçenmidile?do they usually not see? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olkörübdühe has seen and remains so | alakörübdülethey have seen and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olkörübmüdü?has he seen? | alakörübmüdüle?have they seen? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkörüb turamaI keep seeing | senkörüb turasayou keep seeing | olkörüb turadıhe keeps seeing | bizkörüb turabızwe keep seeing | sizkörüb turasızyou all keep seeing | alakörüb turadılathey keep seeing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkörüb turmaymaI don't keep seeing | senkörüb turmaysayou don't keep seeing | olkörüb turmaydıhe doesn't keep seeing | bizkörüb turmaybızwe don't keep seeing | sizkörüb turmaysızyou all don't keep seeing | alakörüb turmaydılathey don't keep seeing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkörüb turamamı? körüb turamıma?do I keep seeing? | senkörüb turamısa?do you keep seeing? | olkörüb turamıdı?does he keep seeing? | bizkörüb turabızmı? körüb turamıbız?do we keep seeing? | sizkörüb turamısız?do you all keep seeing? | alakörüb turamıdıla?do they keep seeing? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkörüb turmaymamı? körüb turmaymıma?don't I keep seeing? | senkörüb turmaymısa?don't you keep seeing? | olkörüb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep seeing? | bizkörüb turmaybızmı? körüb turmaymıbız?don't we keep seeing? | sizkörüb turmaymısız?don't you all keep seeing? | alakörüb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep seeing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menköre turamaI am in the middle of seeing | senköre turasayou are in the middle of seeing | olköre turadıhe is in the middle of seeing | bizköre turabızwe are in the middle of seeing | sizköre turasızyou all are in the middle of seeing | alaköre turadılathey are in the middle of seeing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menköre turmaymaI am not in the middle of seeing | senköre turmaysayou are not in the middle of seeing | olköre turmaydıhe is not in the middle of seeing | bizköre turmaybızwe are not in the middle of seeing | sizköre turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of seeing | alaköre turmaydılathey are not in the middle of seeing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menköre turamamı? köre turamıma?am I in the middle of seeing? | senköre turamısa?are you in the middle of seeing? | olköre turamıdı?is he in the middle of seeing? | bizköre turabızmı? köre turamıbız?are we in the middle of seeing? | sizköre turamısız?are you all in the middle of seeing? | alaköre turamıdıla?are they in the middle of seeing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menköre turmaymamı? köre turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of seeing? | senköre turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of seeing? | olköre turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of seeing? | bizköre turmaybızmı? köre turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of seeing? | sizköre turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of seeing? | alaköre turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of seeing? |
| Simple past (definite) | menkördümI saw | senkördüŋyou saw | olkördühe saw | bizkördükwe saw | sizkördügüzyou all saw | alakördülethey saw |
| Simple past (definite) | menkörmedimI didn't see | senkörmediŋyou didn't see | olkörmedihe didn't see | bizkörmedikwe didn't see | sizkörmedigizyou all didn't see | alakörmedilethey didn't see |
| Simple past (definite) | menkördümmü?did I see? | senkördüŋmü?did you see? | olkördümü?did he see? | bizkördükmü?did we see? | sizkördügüzmü?did you all see? | alakördülemi?did they see? |
| Simple past (definite) | menkörmedimmi?didn't I see? | senkörmediŋmi?didn't you see? | olkörmedimi?didn't he see? | bizkörmedikmi?didn't we see? | sizkörmedigizmi?didn't you all see? | alakörmedilemi?didn't they see? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkörgenmeI have seen | senkörgenseyou have seen | olkörgendihe has seen | bizkörgenbizwe have seen | sizkörgensizyou all have seen | alakörgendilethey have seen |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkörmegenmeI haven't seen | senkörmegenseyou haven't seen | olkörmegendihe hasn't seen | bizkörmegenbizwe haven't seen | sizkörmegensizyou all haven't seen | alakörmegendilethey haven't seen |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkörgenmemi? körgenmime?have I seen? | senkörgenmise?have you seen? | olkörgenmidi?has he seen? | bizkörgenbizmi? körgenmibiz?have we seen? | sizkörgenmisiz?have you all seen? | alakörgenmidile?have they seen? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkörmegenmemi? körmegenmime?haven't I seen? | senkörmegenmise?haven't you seen? | olkörmegenmidi?hasn't he seen? | bizkörmegenbizmi? körmegenmibiz?haven't we seen? | sizkörmegenmisiz?haven't you all seen? | alakörmegenmidile?haven't they seen? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menkörüb turdumI kept seeing | senkörüb turduŋyou kept seeing | olkörüb turduhe kept seeing | bizkörüb turduqwe kept seeing | sizkörüb turduğuzyou all kept seeing | alakörüb turdulathey kept seeing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menkörüb turmadımI didn't keep seeing | senkörüb turmadıŋyou didn't keep seeing | olkörüb turmadıhe didn't keep seeing | bizkörüb turmadıqwe didn't keep seeing | sizkörüb turmadığızyou all didn't keep seeing | alakörüb turmadılathey didn't keep seeing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkörürmeI will see | senkörürseyou will see | olkörürhe will see | bizkörürbüzwe will see | sizkörürsüzyou all will see | alakörürlethey will see |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkörmezmeI won't see | senkörmezseyou won't see | olkörmezhe won't see | bizkörmezbizwe won't see | sizkörmezsizyou all won't see | alakörmezlethey won't see |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkörürmemi? körürmüme?will I see? | senkörürmüse?will you see? | olkörürmü?will he see? | bizkörürbüzmü? körürmübüz?will we see? | sizkörürmüsüz?will you all see? | alakörürlemi? körürmüle?will they see? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkörmezmemi? körmezmime?won't I see? | senkörmezmise?won't you see? | olkörmezmi?won't he see? | bizkörmezbizmi? körmezmibiz?won't we see? | sizkörmezmisiz?won't you all see? | alakörmezlemi? körmezmile?won't they see? |
| Definite future (future II) | menkörlükme1körrükmeI am going to see | senkörlükse1körrükseyou are going to see | olkörlükdü1körrükdühe is going to see | bizkörlükbüz1körrükbüzwe are going to see | sizkörlüksüz1körrüksüzyou all are going to see | alakörlükdüle1körrükdülethey are going to see |
| Definite future (future II) | menkörlük tülme1körrük tülmeI am not going to see | senkörlük tülse1körrük tülseyou are not going to see | olkörlük tüldü1körrük tüldühe is not going to see | bizkörlük tülbüz1körrük tülbüzwe are not going to see | sizkörlük tülsüz1körrük tülsüzyou all are not going to see | alakörlük tüldüle1körrük tüldülethey are not going to see |
| Definite future (future II) | menkörlükmemi?1 körlükmüme?körrükmemi?am I going to see? | senkörlükmüse?1körrükmüse?are you going to see? | olkörlükmüdü?1körrükmüdü?is he going to see? | bizkörlükbüzmü?1 körlükmübüz?körrükbüzmü?are we going to see? | sizkörlükmüsüz?1körrükmüsüz?are you all going to see? | alakörlükmüdüle?1körrükmüdüle?are they going to see? |
| Definite future (future II) | menkörlük tülmüme?1körrük tülmüme?aren't I going to see? | senkörlük tülmüse?1körrük tülmüse?aren't you going to see? | olkörlük tülmüdü?1körrük tülmüdü?isn't he going to see? | bizkörlük tülmübüz?1körrük tülmübüz?aren't we going to see? | sizkörlük tülmüsüz?1körrük tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to see? | alakörlük tülmüdüle?1körrük tülmüdüle?aren't they going to see? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Definite future (future II)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so körrükdü
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menkörgen edimkörgenemI had seen | senkörgen ediŋkörgeneŋyou had seen | olkörgen edikörgenedhe had seen | bizkörgen edikkörgenekwe had seen | sizkörgen edigizkörgenegizyou all had seen | alakörgen edilekörgenellethey had seen |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menkörmegen edimkörmegenemI hadn't seen | senkörmegen ediŋkörmegeneŋyou hadn't seen | olkörmegen edikörmegenedhe hadn't seen | bizkörmegen edikkörmegenekwe hadn't seen | sizkörmegen edigizkörmegenegizyou all hadn't seen | alakörmegen edilekörmegenellethey hadn't seen |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menköre edimköremI was seeing | senköre ediŋköreŋyou were seeing | olköre ediköredhe was seeing | bizköre edikkörekwe were seeing | sizköre edigizköregizyou all were seeing | alaköre edilekörellethey were seeing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menkörmey edimkörmeyemI wasn't seeing | senkörmey ediŋkörmeyeŋyou weren't seeing | olkörmey edikörmeyedhe wasn't seeing | bizkörmey edikkörmeyekwe weren't seeing | sizkörmey edigizkörmeyegizyou all weren't seeing | alakörmey edilekörmeyellethey weren't seeing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menkörüwçen edimkörüwçenemI used to see | senkörüwçen ediŋkörüwçeneŋyou used to see | olkörüwçen edikörüwçenedhe used to see | bizkörüwçen edikkörüwçenekwe used to see | sizkörüwçen edigizkörüwçenegizyou all used to see | alakörüwçen edilekörüwçenellethey used to see |
| Habitual past (used to) | menkörmewçen edimkörmewçenemI didn't use to see | senkörmewçen ediŋkörmewçeneŋyou didn't use to see | olkörmewçen edikörmewçenedhe didn't use to see | bizkörmewçen edikkörmewçenekwe didn't use to see | sizkörmewçen edigizkörmewçenegizyou all didn't use to see | alakörmewçen edilekörmewçenellethey didn't use to see |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olkörüb edihe had seen and remained so | alakörüb edilethey had seen and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olkörüb tül edihe hadn't seen | alakörüb tül edilethey hadn't seen | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menkörüb tura edimkörüb turaemI had kept seeing | senkörüb tura ediŋkörüb turaeŋyou had kept seeing | olkörüb tura edikörüb turaedhe had kept seeing | bizkörüb tura edikkörüb turaekwe had kept seeing | sizkörüb tura edigizkörüb turaegizyou all had kept seeing | alakörüb tura edilekörüb turaellethey had kept seeing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menkörüb turmay edimkörüb turmayemI hadn't kept seeing | senkörüb turmay ediŋkörüb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept seeing | olkörüb turmay edikörüb turmayedhe hadn't kept seeing | bizkörüb turmay edikkörüb turmayekwe hadn't kept seeing | sizkörüb turmay edigizkörüb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept seeing | alakörüb turmay edilekörüb turmayellethey hadn't kept seeing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menköre tura edimköre turaemI was in the middle of seeing | senköre tura ediŋköre turaeŋyou were in the middle of seeing | olköre tura ediköre turaedhe was in the middle of seeing | bizköre tura edikköre turaekwe were in the middle of seeing | sizköre tura edigizköre turaegizyou all were in the middle of seeing | alaköre tura edileköre turaellethey were in the middle of seeing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menköre turmay edimköre turmayemI wasn't in the middle of seeing | senköre turmay ediŋköre turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of seeing | olköre turmay ediköre turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of seeing | bizköre turmay edikköre turmayekwe weren't in the middle of seeing | sizköre turmay edigizköre turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of seeing | alaköre turmay edileköre turmayellethey weren't in the middle of seeing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menkörür edimkörür emI would see | senkörür ediŋkörür eŋyou would see | olkörür edikörür edhe would see | bizkörür edikkörür ekwe would see | sizkörür edigizkörür egizyou all would see | alakörür edilekörür ellethey would see |
| Conditional result (would) | menkörmez edimkörmez emI wouldn't see | senkörmez ediŋkörmez eŋyou wouldn't see | olkörmez edikörmez edhe wouldn't see | bizkörmez edikkörmez ekwe wouldn't see | sizkörmez edigizkörmez egizyou all wouldn't see | alakörmez edilekörmez ellethey wouldn't see |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menkörlük edim2körlük emkörrük edimI would have seen | senkörlük ediŋ2körlük eŋkörrük ediŋyou would have seen | olkörlük edi2körlük edkörrük edihe would have seen | bizkörlük edik2körlük ekkörrük edikwe would have seen | sizkörlük edigiz2körlük egizkörrük edigizyou all would have seen | alakörlük edile2körlük ellekörrük edilethey would have seen |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menkörlük tül edim2körlük tül emkörrük tül edimI wouldn't have seen | senkörlük tül ediŋ2körlük tül eŋkörrük tül ediŋyou wouldn't have seen | olkörlük tül edi2körlük tül edkörrük tül edihe wouldn't have seen | bizkörlük tül edik2körlük tül ekkörrük tül edikwe wouldn't have seen | sizkörlük tül edigiz2körlük tül egizkörrük tül edigizyou all wouldn't have seen | alakörlük tül edile2körlük tül ellekörrük tül edilethey wouldn't have seen |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
- Past conditional result (would have)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so körrük edi
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menkörsemif I see | senkörseŋif you see | olkörseif he sees | bizkörsekif we see | sizkörsegizif you all see | alakörseleif they see |
| Conditional | menkörmesemif I don't see | senkörmeseŋif you don't see | olkörmeseif he doesn't see | bizkörmesekif we don't see | sizkörmesegizif you all don't see | alakörmeseleif they don't see |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menköre esemif I am seeing | senköre eseŋif you are seeing | olköre eseif he is seeing | bizköre esekif we are seeing | sizköre esegizif you all are seeing | alaköre eseleif they are seeing |
| Conditional, present real | menkörmey esemif I am not seeing | senkörmey eseŋif you are not seeing | olkörmey eseif he is not seeing | bizkörmey esekif we are not seeing | sizkörmey esegizif you all are not seeing | alakörmey eseleif they are not seeing |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menkörsem edikörsem edif only I saw | senkörseŋ edikörseŋ edif only you saw | olkörse edikörsedif only he saw | bizkörsek edikörsek edif only we saw | sizkörsegiz edikörsegiz edif only you all saw | alakörsele edikörseledif only they saw |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menkörmesem edikörmesem edif only I didn't see | senkörmeseŋ edikörmeseŋ edif only you didn't see | olkörmese edikörmesedif only he didn't see | bizkörmesek edikörmesek edif only we didn't see | sizkörmesegiz edikörmesegiz edif only you all didn't see | alakörmesele edikörmeseledif only they didn't see |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menkörüb tursamif I carry on seeing | senkörüb tursaŋif you carry on seeing | olkörüb tursaif he carries on seeing | bizkörüb tursaqif we carry on seeing | sizkörüb tursağızif you all carry on seeing | alakörüb tursalaif they carry on seeing |
| Durative conditional | menkörüb turmasamif I don't carry on seeing | senkörüb turmasaŋif you don't carry on seeing | olkörüb turmasaif he doesn't carry on seeing | bizkörüb turmasaqif we don't carry on seeing | sizkörüb turmasağızif you all don't carry on seeing | alakörüb turmasalaif they don't carry on seeing |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menkörüb tura esemif I have kept seeing | senkörüb tura eseŋif you have kept seeing | olkörüb tura eseif he has kept seeing | bizkörüb tura esekif we have kept seeing | sizkörüb tura esegizif you all have kept seeing | alakörüb tura eseleif they have kept seeing |
| Durative conditional, present real | menkörüb turmay esemif I haven't kept seeing | senkörüb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept seeing | olkörüb turmay eseif he hasn't kept seeing | bizkörüb turmay esekif we haven't kept seeing | sizkörüb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept seeing | alakörüb turmay eseleif they haven't kept seeing |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menköre tursamif I keep seeing | senköre tursaŋif you keep seeing | olköre tursaif he keeps seeing | bizköre tursaqif we keep seeing | sizköre tursağızif you all keep seeing | alaköre tursalaif they keep seeing |
| Progressive conditional | menkörmey tursamif I keep on not seeing | senkörmey tursaŋif you keep on not seeing | olkörmey tursaif he keeps on not seeing | bizkörmey tursaqif we keep on not seeing | sizkörmey tursağızif you all keep on not seeing | alakörmey tursalaif they keep on not seeing |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menköre tura esemif I am in the middle of seeing | senköre tura eseŋif you are in the middle of seeing | olköre tura eseif he is in the middle of seeing | bizköre tura esekif we are in the middle of seeing | sizköre tura esegizif you all are in the middle of seeing | alaköre tura eseleif they are in the middle of seeing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menkörmey tura esemif I keep on not seeing | senkörmey tura eseŋif you keep on not seeing | olkörmey tura eseif he keeps on not seeing | bizkörmey tura esekif we keep on not seeing | sizkörmey tura esegizif you all keep on not seeing | alakörmey tura eseleif they keep on not seeing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past3 | menkördüm esemif I saw | senkördüŋ eseŋif you saw | olkördü eseif he saw | bizkördük esekif we saw | sizkördügüz esegizif you all saw | alakördüle eseleif they saw |
| Conditional, definite past3 | menkörmedim esemif I didn't see | senkörmediŋ eseŋif you didn't see | olkörmedi eseif he didn't see | bizkörmedik esekif we didn't see | sizkörmedigiz esegizif you all didn't see | alakörmedile eseleif they didn't see |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menkörgen esemif I did see (indeed) | senkörgen eseŋif you did see (indeed) | olkörgen eseif he did see (indeed) | bizkörgen esekif we did see (indeed) | sizkörgen esegizif you all did see (indeed) | alakörgen eseleif they did see (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menkörmegen esemif I didn't see (indeed) | senkörmegen eseŋif you didn't see (indeed) | olkörmegen eseif he didn't see (indeed) | bizkörmegen esekif we didn't see (indeed) | sizkörmegen esegizif you all didn't see (indeed) | alakörmegen eseleif they didn't see (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menkörgen bolsamif I had seen | senkörgen bolsaŋif you had seen | olkörgen bolsaif he had seen | bizkörgen bolsaqif we had seen | sizkörgen bolsağızif you all had seen | alakörgen bolsalaif they had seen |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menkörmegen bolsamif I hadn't seen | senkörmegen bolsaŋif you hadn't seen | olkörmegen bolsaif he hadn't seen | bizkörmegen bolsaqif we hadn't seen | sizkörmegen bolsağızif you all hadn't seen | alakörmegen bolsalaif they hadn't seen |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menkörgen bolsam edikörgen bolsam edif only I had seen | senkörgen bolsaŋ edikörgen bolsaŋ edif only you had seen | olkörgen bolsa edikörgen bolsaedif only he had seen | bizkörgen bolsaq edikörgen bolsaq edif only we had seen | sizkörgen bolsağız edikörgen bolsağız edif only you all had seen | alakörgen bolsala edikörgen bolsalaedif only they had seen |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menkörmegen bolsam edikörmegen bolsam edif only I hadn't seen | senkörmegen bolsaŋ edikörmegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't seen | olkörmegen bolsa edikörmegen bolsaedif only he hadn't seen | bizkörmegen bolsaq edikörmegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't seen | sizkörmegen bolsağız edikörmegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't seen | alakörmegen bolsala edikörmegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't seen |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menkörür esemif I will see | senkörür eseŋif you will see | olkörür eseif he will see | bizkörür esekif we will see | sizkörür esegizif you all will see | alakörür eseleif they will see |
| Conditional, aorist | menkörmez esemif I won't see | senkörmez eseŋif you won't see | olkörmez eseif he won't see | bizkörmez esekif we won't see | sizkörmez esegizif you all won't see | alakörmez eseleif they won't see |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menkörlük esem4körrük esemif I am going to see | senkörlük eseŋ4körrük eseŋif you are going to see | olkörlük ese4körrük eseif he is going to see | bizkörlük esek4körrük esekif we are going to see | sizkörlük esegiz4körrük esegizif you all are going to see | alakörlük esele4körrük eseleif they are going to see |
| Conditional, future | menkörlük tül esem4körrük tül esemif I am not going to see | senkörlük tül eseŋ4körrük tül eseŋif you are not going to see | olkörlük tül ese4körrük tül eseif he is not going to see | bizkörlük tül esek4körrük tül esekif we are not going to see | sizkörlük tül esegiz4körrük tül esegizif you all are not going to see | alakörlük tül esele4körrük tül eseleif they are not going to see |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menkörlük bolsam5körrük bolsamif I were going to see | senkörlük bolsaŋ5körrük bolsaŋif you were going to see | olkörlük bolsa5körrük bolsaif he were going to see | bizkörlük bolsaq5körrük bolsaqif we were going to see | sizkörlük bolsağız5körrük bolsağızif you all were going to see | alakörlük bolsala5körrük bolsalaif they were going to see |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menkörmezlik bolsamif I were not going to see | senkörmezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to see | olkörmezlik bolsaif he were not going to see | bizkörmezlik bolsaqif we were not going to see | sizkörmezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to see | alakörmezlik bolsalaif they were not going to see |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso kördüŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
- Conditional, futurespoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so körrük ese
- Conditional, counterfactual futurespoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so körrük bolsa
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menköre bolurmaI must be seeing | senköre bolursayou must be seeing | olköre bolurhe must be seeing | bizköre bolurbuzwe must be seeing | sizköre bolursuzyou all must be seeing | alaköre bolurlathey must be seeing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menkörmey bolurmaI must not be seeing | senkörmey bolursayou must not be seeing | olkörmey bolurhe must not be seeing | bizkörmey bolurbuzwe must not be seeing | sizkörmey bolursuzyou all must not be seeing | alakörmey bolurlathey must not be seeing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menköre tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of seeing | senköre tura bolursayou must be in the middle of seeing | olköre tura bolurhe must be in the middle of seeing | bizköre tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of seeing | sizköre tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of seeing | alaköre tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of seeing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menkörmey tura bolurmaI must keep on not seeing | senkörmey tura bolursayou must keep on not seeing | olkörmey tura bolurhe must keep on not seeing | bizkörmey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not seeing | sizkörmey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not seeing | alakörmey tura bolurlathey must keep on not seeing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menkörgen bolurmaI must have seen | senkörgen bolursayou must have seen | olkörgen bolurhe must have seen | bizkörgen bolurbuzwe must have seen | sizkörgen bolursuzyou all must have seen | alakörgen bolurlathey must have seen |
| Inference (must have) | menkörmegen bolurmaI must not have seen | senkörmegen bolursayou must not have seen | olkörmegen bolurhe must not have seen | bizkörmegen bolurbuzwe must not have seen | sizkörmegen bolursuzyou all must not have seen | alakörmegen bolurlathey must not have seen |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menkörlük bolurma6körrük bolurmaI must be going to see | senkörlük bolursa6körrük bolursayou must be going to see | olkörlük bolur6körrük bolurhe must be going to see | bizkörlük bolurbuz6körrük bolurbuzwe must be going to see | sizkörlük bolursuz6körrük bolursuzyou all must be going to see | alakörlük bolurla6körrük bolurlathey must be going to see |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menkörmezlik bolurmaI must not be going to see | senkörmezlik bolursayou must not be going to see | olkörmezlik bolurhe must not be going to see | bizkörmezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to see | sizkörmezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to see | alakörmezlik bolurlathey must not be going to see |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Inference, future (must be going to)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so körrük bolur
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menköreyimlet me see | senkör!see! | olkörsünlet him see | bizköreyiklet's see | sizkörügüz!see, you all! | alakörsünlelet them see |
| Commands & suggestions | menkörmeyimlet me not see | senkörme!don't see! | olkörmesinlet him not see | bizkörmeyiklet's not see | sizkörmegiz!don't see, you all! | alakörmesinlelet them not see |
| Commands & suggestions | menköreyimmi?shall I see? | olkörsünmü?should he see? | bizköreyikmi?shall we see? | alakörsünlemi?should they see? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menkörmeyimmi?shall I not see? | olkörmesinmi?should he not see? | bizkörmeyikmi?shall we not see? | alakörmesinlemi?should they not see? | ||
| Requests | senkörçü7körçünplease see | olkörsünçüdo let him see | sizkörçügüzplease see (plural/polite) | alakörsünleçido let them see | ||
| Requests | senkörmeçi7körmeçinplease don't see | olkörmesinçido let him not see | sizkörmeçigizplease don't see (plural/polite) | alakörmesinleçido let them not see | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senkörgünkörgümay you see | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senkörmeginkörmegimay you not see | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menkörgey edim körge edimwould that I saw | senkörgey ediŋ körge ediŋwould that you saw | olkörgey edi körge ediwould that he saw | bizkörgey edik körge edikwould that we saw | sizkörgey edigiz körge edigizwould that you all saw | alakörgey edile körge edilewould that they saw |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menkörmegey edim körmege edimwould that I did not see | senkörmegey ediŋ körmege ediŋwould that you did not see | olkörmegey edi körmege ediwould that he did not see | bizkörmegey edik körmege edikwould that we did not see | sizkörmegey edigiz körmege edigizwould that you all did not see | alakörmegey edile körmege edilewould that they did not see |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menkörmege qoyayımkörme qoyayımlet me allow someone to see | senkörmege qoy!körme qoy!let someone see! | olkörmege qoysunkörme qoysunlet him allow someone to see | bizkörmege qoyayıqkörme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to see | sizkörmege qoyuğuz!körme qoyuğuz!let someone see, you all! | alakörmege qoysunlakörme qoysunlalet them allow someone to see |
| Let someone… (commands) | menkörmege qoymayımkörme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to see | senkörmege qoyma!körme qoyma!don't let someone see! | olkörmege qoymasınkörme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to see | bizkörmege qoymayıqkörme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to see | sizkörmege qoymağız!körme qoymağız!don't let someone see, you all! | alakörmege qoymasınlakörme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to see |
| Let someone… (commands) | menkörmege qoyayımmı?körme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to see? | olkörmege qoysunmu?körme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to see? | bizkörmege qoyayıqmı?körme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to see? | alakörmege qoysunlamı?körme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to see? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menkörmege qoymayımmı?körme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to see? | olkörmege qoymasınmı?körme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to see? | bizkörmege qoymayıqmı?körme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to see? | alakörmege qoymasınlamı?körme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to see? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menkörmege qoyamakörme qoyamaI allow someone to see | senkörmege qoyasakörme qoyasayou allow someone to see | olkörmege qoyadıkörme qoyadıhe allows someone to see | bizkörmege qoyabızkörme qoyabızwe allow someone to see | sizkörmege qoyasızkörme qoyasızyou all allow someone to see | alakörmege qoyadılakörme qoyadılathey allow someone to see |
| Let someone… (present) | menkörmege qoymaymakörme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to see | senkörmege qoymaysakörme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to see | olkörmege qoymaydıkörme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to see | bizkörmege qoymaybızkörme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to see | sizkörmege qoymaysızkörme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to see | alakörmege qoymaydılakörme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to see |
| Let someone… (present) | menkörmege qoyamamı?körme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to see? | senkörmege qoyamısa?körme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to see? | olkörmege qoyamıdı?körme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to see? | bizkörmege qoyabızmı?körme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to see? | sizkörmege qoyamısız?körme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to see? | alakörmege qoyamıdıla?körme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to see? |
| Let someone… (present) | menkörmege qoymaymamı?körme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to see? | senkörmege qoymaymısa?körme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to see? | olkörmege qoymaymıdı?körme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to see? | bizkörmege qoymaybızmı?körme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to see? | sizkörmege qoymaymısız?körme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to see? | alakörmege qoymaymıdıla?körme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to see? |
| Let someone… (past) | menkörmege qoydumkörme qoydumI allowed someone to see | senkörmege qoyduŋkörme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to see | olkörmege qoydukörme qoyduhe allowed someone to see | bizkörmege qoyduqkörme qoyduqwe allowed someone to see | sizkörmege qoyduğuzkörme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to see | alakörmege qoydulakörme qoydulathey allowed someone to see |
| Let someone… (past) | menkörmege qoymadımkörme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to see | senkörmege qoymadıŋkörme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to see | olkörmege qoymadıkörme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to see | bizkörmege qoymadıqkörme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to see | sizkörmege qoymadığızkörme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to see | alakörmege qoymadılakörme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to see |
| Let someone… (past) | menkörmege qoydummu?körme qoydummu?did I allow someone to see? | senkörmege qoyduŋmu?körme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to see? | olkörmege qoydumu?körme qoydumu?did he allow someone to see? | bizkörmege qoyduqmu?körme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to see? | sizkörmege qoyduğuzmu?körme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to see? | alakörmege qoydulamı?körme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to see? |
| Let someone… (past) | menkörmege qoymadımmı?körme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to see? | senkörmege qoymadıŋmı?körme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to see? | olkörmege qoymadımı?körme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to see? | bizkörmege qoymadıqmı?körme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to see? | sizkörmege qoymadığızmı?körme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to see? | alakörmege qoymadılamı?körme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to see? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
köralırğa be able to see · köralmazğa be unable to see
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menköralamaI can see | senköralasayou can see | olköraladıhe can see | bizköralabızwe can see | sizköralasızyou all can see | alaköraladılathey can see |
| Ability — present | menköralmaymaI can't see | senköralmaysayou can't see | olköralmaydıhe can't see | bizköralmaybızwe can't see | sizköralmaysızyou all can't see | alaköralmaydılathey can't see |
| Ability — present | menköralamamı? köralamıma?can I see? | senköralamısa?can you see? | olköralamıdı?can he see? | bizköralabızmı? köralamıbız?can we see? | sizköralamısız?can you all see? | alaköralamıdıla?can they see? |
| Ability — present | menköralmaymamı? köralmaymıma?can't I see? | senköralmaymısa?can't you see? | olköralmaymıdı?can't he see? | bizköralmaybızmı? köralmaymıbız?can't we see? | sizköralmaymısız?can't you all see? | alaköralmaymıdıla?can't they see? |
| Ability — if I can… | menköralsamif I can see | senköralsaŋif you can see | olköralsaif he can see | bizköralsaqif we can see | sizköralsağızif you all can see | alaköralsalaif they can see |
| Ability — if I can… | menköralmasamif I can't see | senköralmasaŋif you can't see | olköralmasaif he can't see | bizköralmasaqif we can't see | sizköralmasağızif you all can't see | alaköralmasalaif they can't see |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menköraldımI was able to see | senköraldıŋyou were able to see | olköraldıhe was able to see | bizköraldıqwe were able to see | sizköraldığızyou all were able to see | alaköraldılathey were able to see |
| Ability — simple past | menköralmadımI could not see | senköralmadıŋyou could not see | olköralmadıhe could not see | bizköralmadıqwe could not see | sizköralmadığızyou all could not see | alaköralmadılathey could not see |
| Ability — simple past | menköraldımmı?was I able to see? | senköraldıŋmı?were you able to see? | olköraldımı?was he able to see? | bizköraldıqmı?were we able to see? | sizköraldığızmı?were you all able to see? | alaköraldılamı?were they able to see? |
| Ability — simple past | menköralmadımmı?couldn't I see? | senköralmadıŋmı?couldn't you see? | olköralmadımı?couldn't he see? | bizköralmadıqmı?couldn't we see? | sizköralmadığızmı?couldn't you all see? | alaköralmadılamı?couldn't they see? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menköralğanmaI have been able to see | senköralğansayou have been able to see | olköralğandıhe has been able to see | bizköralğanbızwe have been able to see | sizköralğansızyou all have been able to see | alaköralğandılathey have been able to see |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menköralmağanmaI haven't been able to see | senköralmağansayou haven't been able to see | olköralmağandıhe hasn't been able to see | bizköralmağanbızwe haven't been able to see | sizköralmağansızyou all haven't been able to see | alaköralmağandılathey haven't been able to see |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menköralğanmamı? köralğanmıma?have I been able to see? | senköralğanmısa?have you been able to see? | olköralğanmıdı?has he been able to see? | bizköralğanbızmı? köralğanmıbız?have we been able to see? | sizköralğanmısız?have you all been able to see? | alaköralğanmıdıla?have they been able to see? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menköralmağanmamı? köralmağanmıma?haven't I been able to see? | senköralmağanmısa?haven't you been able to see? | olköralmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to see? | bizköralmağanbızmı? köralmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to see? | sizköralmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to see? | alaköralmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to see? |
| Ability — past perfect | menköralğan edimköralğanemI had been able to see | senköralğan ediŋköralğaneŋyou had been able to see | olköralğan ediköralğanedhe had been able to see | bizköralğan edikköralğanekwe had been able to see | sizköralğan edigizköralğanegizyou all had been able to see | alaköralğan edileköralğanellethey had been able to see |
| Ability — past perfect | menköralmağan edimköralmağanemI hadn't been able to see | senköralmağan ediŋköralmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to see | olköralmağan ediköralmağanedhe hadn't been able to see | bizköralmağan edikköralmağanekwe hadn't been able to see | sizköralmağan edigizköralmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to see | alaköralmağan edileköralmağanellethey hadn't been able to see |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menkörala edimköralaemI could see | senkörala ediŋköralaeŋyou could see | olkörala ediköralaedhe could see | bizkörala edikköralaekwe could see | sizkörala edigizköralaegizyou all could see | alakörala edileköralaellethey could see |
| Ability — past background | menköralmay edimköralmayemI could not see | senköralmay ediŋköralmayeŋyou could not see | olköralmay ediköralmayedhe could not see | bizköralmay edikköralmayekwe could not see | sizköralmay edigizköralmayegizyou all could not see | alaköralmay edileköralmayellethey could not see |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menköralırmaI will be able to see | senköralırsayou will be able to see | olköralırhe will be able to see | bizköralırbızwe will be able to see | sizköralırsızyou all will be able to see | alaköralırlathey will be able to see |
| Ability — future I | menköralmazmaI won't be able to see | senköralmazsayou won't be able to see | olköralmazhe won't be able to see | bizköralmazbızwe won't be able to see | sizköralmazsızyou all won't be able to see | alaköralmazlathey won't be able to see |
| Ability — future I | menköralırmamı? köralırmıma?will I be able to see? | senköralırmısa?will you be able to see? | olköralırmı?will he be able to see? | bizköralırbızmı? köralırmıbız?will we be able to see? | sizköralırmısız?will you all be able to see? | alaköralırlamı? köralırmıla?will they be able to see? |
| Ability — future I | menköralmazmamı? köralmazmıma?won't I be able to see? | senköralmazmısa?won't you be able to see? | olköralmazmı?won't he be able to see? | bizköralmazbızmı? köralmazmıbız?won't we be able to see? | sizköralmazmısız?won't you all be able to see? | alaköralmazlamı? köralmazmıla?won't they be able to see? |
| Ability — future II | menkörallıqmaI am going to be able to see | senkörallıqsayou are going to be able to see | olkörallıqdıhe is going to be able to see | bizkörallıqbızwe are going to be able to see | sizkörallıqsızyou all are going to be able to see | alakörallıqdılathey are going to be able to see |
| Ability — future II | menkörallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to see | senkörallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to see | olkörallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to see | bizkörallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to see | sizkörallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to see | alakörallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to see |
| Ability — future II | menkörallıqmamı? körallıqmıma?am I going to be able to see? | senkörallıqmısa?are you going to be able to see? | olkörallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to see? | bizkörallıqbızmı? körallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to see? | sizkörallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to see? | alakörallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to see? |
| Ability — future II | menkörallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to see? | senkörallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to see? | olkörallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to see? | bizkörallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to see? | sizkörallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to see? | alakörallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to see? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menköralır edimköralır emI would be able to see | senköralır ediŋköralır eŋyou would be able to see | olköralır ediköralır edhe would be able to see | bizköralır edikköralır ekwe would be able to see | sizköralır edigizköralır egizyou all would be able to see | alaköralır edileköralır ellethey would be able to see |
| Ability — would be able to… | menköralmaz edimköralmaz emI wouldn't be able to see | senköralmaz ediŋköralmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to see | olköralmaz ediköralmaz edhe wouldn't be able to see | bizköralmaz edikköralmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to see | sizköralmaz edigizköralmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to see | alaköralmaz edileköralmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to see |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senköralğınköralğımay you be able to see | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senköralmağınköralmağımay you not be able to see | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menkörürge izleymeI want to see | senkörürge izleyseyou want to see | olkörürge izleydihe wants to see | bizkörürge izleybizwe want to see | sizkörürge izleysizyou all want to see | alakörürge izleydilethey want to see |
| want to | menkörürge izlemeymeI do not want to see | senkörürge izlemeyseyou do not want to see | olkörürge izlemeydihe does not want to see | bizkörürge izlemeybizwe do not want to see | sizkörürge izlemeysizyou all do not want to see | alakörürge izlemeydilethey do not want to see |
| would like to | menkörürge süemeI would like to see | senkörürge süeseyou would like to see | olkörürge süedihe would like to see | bizkörürge süebizwe would like to see | sizkörürge süesizyou all would like to see | alakörürge süedilethey would like to see |
| would like to | menkörürge süymeymeI would not like to see | senkörürge süymeyseyou would not like to see | olkörürge süymeydihe would not like to see | bizkörürge süymeybizwe would not like to see | sizkörürge süymeysizyou all would not like to see | alakörürge süymeydilethey would not like to see |
| hope to | menkörürge umutlanamaI hope to see | senkörürge umutlanasayou hope to see | olkörürge umutlanadıhe hopes to see | bizkörürge umutlanabızwe hope to see | sizkörürge umutlanasızyou all hope to see | alakörürge umutlanadılathey hope to see |
| hope to | menkörürge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to see | senkörürge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to see | olkörürge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to see | bizkörürge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to see | sizkörürge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to see | alakörürge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to see |
| be about to | menkörürge deb turamaI am about to see | senkörürge deb turasayou are about to see | olkörürge deb turadıhe is about to see | bizkörürge deb turabızwe are about to see | sizkörürge deb turasızyou all are about to see | alakörürge deb turadılathey are about to see |
| be about to | menkörürge deb turmaymaI am not about to see | senkörürge deb turmaysayou are not about to see | olkörürge deb turmaydıhe is not about to see | bizkörürge deb turmaybızwe are not about to see | sizkörürge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to see | alakörürge deb turmaydılathey are not about to see |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menkörürge kerekmeI need to see | senkörürge kerekseyou need to see | olkörürge kerekdihe needs to see | bizkörürge kerekbizwe need to see | sizkörürge kereksizyou all need to see | alakörürge kerekdilethey need to see |
| need to | menkörürge kerek tülmeI do not need to see | senkörürge kerek tülseyou do not need to see | olkörürge kerek tüldühe does not need to see | bizkörürge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to see | sizkörürge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to see | alakörürge kerek tüldülethey do not need to see |
| have to | menmenŋe körürge tüşediI have to see | sensenŋe körürge tüşediyou have to see | olaŋa körürge tüşedihe has to see | bizbizge körürge tüşediwe have to see | sizsizge körürge tüşediyou all have to see | alaalağa körürge tüşedithey have to see |
| have to | menmenŋe körürge tüşmeydiI do not have to see | sensenŋe körürge tüşmeydiyou do not have to see | olaŋa körürge tüşmeydihe does not have to see | bizbizge körürge tüşmeydiwe do not have to see | sizsizge körürge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to see | alaalağa körürge tüşmeydithey do not have to see |
| be obliged to | menkörürge borçlumaI am obliged to see | senkörürge borçlusayou are obliged to see | olkörürge borçluduhe is obliged to see | bizkörürge borçlubuzwe are obliged to see | sizkörürge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to see | alakörürge borçludulathey are obliged to see |
| be obliged to | menkörürge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to see | senkörürge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to see | olkörürge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to see | bizkörürge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to see | sizkörürge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to see | alakörürge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to see |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menkörürge madarım bardıI have a way to see | senkörürge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to see | olkörürge madarı bardıhe has a way to see | bizkörürge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to see | sizkörürge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to see | alakörürge madarları bardıthey have a way to see |
| have a way to | menkörürge madarım joqduI have no way to see | senkörürge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to see | olkörürge madarı joqduhe has no way to see | bizkörürge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to see | sizkörürge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to see | alakörürge madarları joqduthey have no way to see |
| be free to | menkörürge erkinligim bardıI am free to see | senkörürge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to see | olkörürge erkinligi bardıhe is free to see | bizkörürge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to see | sizkörürge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to see | alakörürge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to see |
| be free to | menkörürge erkinligim joqduI am not free to see | senkörürge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to see | olkörürge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to see | bizkörürge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to see | sizkörürge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to see | alakörürge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to see |
| be possible to | menmenŋe körürge bolluqduit is possible for me to see | sensenŋe körürge bolluqduit is possible for you to see | olaŋa körürge bolluqduit is possible for him to see | bizbizge körürge bolluqduit is possible for us to see | sizsizge körürge bolluqduit is possible for you all to see | alaalağa körürge bolluqduit is possible for them to see |
| be possible to | menmenŋe körürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to see | sensenŋe körürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to see | olaŋa körürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to see | bizbizge körürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to see | sizsizge körürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to see | alaalağa körürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to see |
| be ready to | menkörürge hazırmaI am ready to see | senkörürge hazırsayou are ready to see | olkörürge hazırdıhe is ready to see | bizkörürge hazırbızwe are ready to see | sizkörürge hazırsızyou all are ready to see | alakörürge hazırdılathey are ready to see |
| be ready to | menkörürge hazır tülmeI am not ready to see | senkörürge hazır tülseyou are not ready to see | olkörürge hazır tüldühe is not ready to see | bizkörürge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to see | sizkörürge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to see | alakörürge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to see |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menkörürge küreşemeI am trying to see | senkörürge küreşeseyou are trying to see | olkörürge küreşedihe is trying to see | bizkörürge küreşebizwe are trying to see | sizkörürge küreşesizyou all are trying to see | alakörürge küreşedilethey are trying to see |
| try to | menkörürge küreşmeymeI am not trying to see | senkörürge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to see | olkörürge küreşmeydihe is not trying to see | bizkörürge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to see | sizkörürge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to see | alakörürge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to see |
| agree to | menkörürge unaymaI agree to see | senkörürge unaysayou agree to see | olkörürge unaydıhe agrees to see | bizkörürge unaybızwe agree to see | sizkörürge unaysızyou all agree to see | alakörürge unaydılathey agree to see |
| agree to | menkörürge unamaymaI refuse to see | senkörürge unamaysayou refuse to see | olkörürge unamaydıhe refuses to see | bizkörürge unamaybızwe refuse to see | sizkörürge unamaysızyou all refuse to see | alakörürge unamaydılathey refuse to see |
| hurry to | menkörürge aşığamaI am in a hurry to see | senkörürge aşığasayou are in a hurry to see | olkörürge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to see | bizkörürge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to see | sizkörürge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to see | alakörürge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to see |
| hurry to | menkörürge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to see | senkörürge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to see | olkörürge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to see | bizkörürge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to see | sizkörürge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to see | alakörürge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to see |
| be afraid to | menkörürge qorqamaI am afraid to see | senkörürge qorqasayou are afraid to see | olkörürge qorqadıhe is afraid to see | bizkörürge qorqabızwe are afraid to see | sizkörürge qorqasızyou all are afraid to see | alakörürge qorqadılathey are afraid to see |
| be afraid to | menkörürge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to see | senkörürge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to see | olkörürge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to see | bizkörürge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to see | sizkörürge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to see | alakörürge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to see |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menköre bolmazmaI can't be seeing | senköre bolmazsayou can't be seeing | olköre bolmazhe can't be seeing | bizköre bolmazbızwe can't be seeing | sizköre bolmazsızyou all can't be seeing | alaköre bolmazlathey can't be seeing |
| Inference, present — double negation | menkörmey bolmazmaI must be seeing (emphatic) | senkörmey bolmazsayou must be seeing (emphatic) | olkörmey bolmazhe must be seeing (emphatic) | bizkörmey bolmazbızwe must be seeing (emphatic) | sizkörmey bolmazsızyou all must be seeing (emphatic) | alakörmey bolmazlathey must be seeing (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menköre turmasamif I don't keep seeing | senköre turmasaŋif you don't keep seeing | olköre turmasaif he doesn't keep seeing | bizköre turmasaqif we don't keep seeing | sizköre turmasağızif you all don't keep seeing | alaköre turmasalaif they don't keep seeing |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menköre tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of seeing | senköre tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of seeing | olköre tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of seeing | bizköre tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of seeing | sizköre tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of seeing | alaköre tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of seeing |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menkörmey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not seeing (emphatic) | senkörmey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not seeing (emphatic) | olkörmey tura bolmazhe must keep on not seeing (emphatic) | bizkörmey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not seeing (emphatic) | sizkörmey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not seeing (emphatic) | alakörmey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not seeing (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menkörmey turamaI keep on not seeing | senkörmey turasayou keep on not seeing | olkörmey turadıhe keeps on not seeing | bizkörmey turabızwe keep on not seeing | sizkörmey turasızyou all keep on not seeing | alakörmey turadılathey keep on not seeing |
| Progressive — double negation | menkörmey turmaymaI am not keeping on not seeing | senkörmey turmaysayou are not keeping on not seeing | olkörmey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not seeing | bizkörmey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not seeing | sizkörmey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not seeing | alakörmey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not seeing |
| Progressive — double negation | menkörmey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not seeing? | senkörmey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not seeing? | olkörmey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not seeing? | bizkörmey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not seeing? | sizkörmey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not seeing? | alakörmey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not seeing? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menkörgen bolmazmaI can't have seen | senkörgen bolmazsayou can't have seen | olkörgen bolmazhe can't have seen | bizkörgen bolmazbızwe can't have seen | sizkörgen bolmazsızyou all can't have seen | alakörgen bolmazlathey can't have seen |
| Inference — double negation | menkörmegen bolmazmaI must have seen (emphatic) | senkörmegen bolmazsayou must have seen (emphatic) | olkörmegen bolmazhe must have seen (emphatic) | bizkörmegen bolmazbızwe must have seen (emphatic) | sizkörmegen bolmazsızyou all must have seen (emphatic) | alakörmegen bolmazlathey must have seen (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menkörgen bolmasamif it weren't that I had seen | senkörgen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had seen | olkörgen bolmasaif it weren't that he had seen | bizkörgen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had seen | sizkörgen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had seen | alakörgen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had seen |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menkörmegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't seen | senkörmegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't seen | olkörmegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't seen | bizkörmegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't seen | sizkörmegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't seen | alakörmegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't seen |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menkörlük bolmazmaI can't be going to see | senkörlük bolmazsayou can't be going to see | olkörlük bolmazhe can't be going to see | bizkörlük bolmazbızwe can't be going to see | sizkörlük bolmazsızyou all can't be going to see | alakörlük bolmazlathey can't be going to see |
| Inference, future — double negation | menkörmezlik bolmazmaI must be going to see (emphatic) | senkörmezlik bolmazsayou must be going to see (emphatic) | olkörmezlik bolmazhe must be going to see (emphatic) | bizkörmezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to see (emphatic) | sizkörmezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to see (emphatic) | alakörmezlik bolmazlathey must be going to see (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menkörlük bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to see | senkörlük bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to see | olkörlük bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to see | bizkörlük bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to see | sizkörlük bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to see | alakörlük bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to see |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menkörmezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to see | senkörmezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to see | olkörmezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to see | bizkörmezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to see | sizkörmezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to see | alakörmezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to see |