eslerge
/eslerɡe/
1. notice, observe, see, spot, detect, discover
- jaŋılıçnı eslerge — to notice the mistake
- men anı terk esledim — I detected it quickly
- ol meni eslemey ötdü — he passed by without noticing me
- kelgenni kim bolğanın eslediŋmi — did you notice who the one who came was
- anı eslegenley qorqdu — catching sight of him he took fright
- anı junçuğanın esledim — I noticed that he was embarrassed
- anı betin eslerge qıyın edi — it was hard to make out his face
- eslemegen kibik eterge — to act as if one has not noticed
- hatanı eslerge — to detect the fault
- jaŋı jol esledi — he discovered a new road
2. remember, recall, call to mind
- atamı esleyme — I remember my father
- ol sözün esleydi — he remembers his word
- ertdembla anı esleb kişi aşatmağandı — in the morning nobody remembered to feed him
- anı esleb, jüregim mıdah boladı — remembering it, my heart grows sad
3. commit to memory, memorize — Used in Karachay.
- anı atın esle — commit his name to memory
- jolnu esledim — I memorized the road
- aythanımı esle — commit what I said to memory
4. grasp, understand, realize
- men alayın esleyalmadım — I could not grasp it
- işni mağanasın esledi — he grasped the sense of the matter
- işni mağanasın eslerge küreşedi — he tries to grasp the sense of the matter
- men iş alay boşalırın esleyalmadım — I did not realize the matter would end like that
5. sense, feel
- qorquw esleyme — I sense danger
- suwuqnu esledim — I felt the cold
- ol jüreginde esleydi — he senses it in his heart
Conjugation
Common forms
- esleydihe is noticing
- esledihe noticed
- eslegendihe has noticed
- eslerhe will notice
- eslerikdihe is going to notice
- esley edihe was noticing
- esleseif he notices
- esle!notice!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menesleymeI am noticing | senesleyseyou are noticing | olesleydihe is noticing | bizesleybizwe are noticing | sizesleysizyou all are noticing | alaesleydilethey are noticing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | meneslemeymeI am not noticing | seneslemeyseyou are not noticing | oleslemeydihe is not noticing | bizeslemeybizwe are not noticing | sizeslemeysizyou all are not noticing | alaeslemeydilethey are not noticing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menesleymemi? esleymime?am I noticing? | senesleymise?are you noticing? | olesleymidi?is he noticing? | bizesleybizmi? esleymibiz?are we noticing? | sizesleymisiz?are you all noticing? | alaesleymidile?are they noticing? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | meneslemeymemi? eslemeymime?aren't I noticing? | seneslemeymise?aren't you noticing? | oleslemeymidi?isn't he noticing? | bizeslemeybizmi? eslemeymibiz?aren't we noticing? | sizeslemeymisiz?aren't you all noticing? | alaeslemeymidile?aren't they noticing? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | meneslewçenmeI usually notice | seneslewçenseyou usually notice | oleslewçendihe usually notices | bizeslewçenbizwe usually notice | sizeslewçensizyou all usually notice | alaeslewçendilethey usually notice |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | meneslemewçenmeI usually don't notice | seneslemewçenseyou usually don't notice | oleslemewçendihe usually doesn't notice | bizeslemewçenbizwe usually don't notice | sizeslemewçensizyou all usually don't notice | alaeslemewçendilethey usually don't notice |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | meneslewçenmemi? eslewçenmime?do I usually notice? | seneslewçenmise?do you usually notice? | oleslewçenmidi?does he usually notice? | bizeslewçenbizmi? eslewçenmibiz?do we usually notice? | sizeslewçenmisiz?do you all usually notice? | alaeslewçenmidile?do they usually notice? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | meneslemewçenmemi? eslemewçenmime?do I usually not notice? | seneslemewçenmise?do you usually not notice? | oleslemewçenmidi?does he usually not notice? | bizeslemewçenbizmi? eslemewçenmibiz?do we usually not notice? | sizeslemewçenmisiz?do you all usually not notice? | alaeslemewçenmidile?do they usually not notice? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oleslebdihe has noticed and remains so | alaeslebdilethey have noticed and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oleslebmidi?has he noticed? | alaeslebmidile?have they noticed? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menesleb turamaI keep noticing | senesleb turasayou keep noticing | olesleb turadıhe keeps noticing | bizesleb turabızwe keep noticing | sizesleb turasızyou all keep noticing | alaesleb turadılathey keep noticing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menesleb turmaymaI don't keep noticing | senesleb turmaysayou don't keep noticing | olesleb turmaydıhe doesn't keep noticing | bizesleb turmaybızwe don't keep noticing | sizesleb turmaysızyou all don't keep noticing | alaesleb turmaydılathey don't keep noticing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menesleb turamamı? esleb turamıma?do I keep noticing? | senesleb turamısa?do you keep noticing? | olesleb turamıdı?does he keep noticing? | bizesleb turabızmı? esleb turamıbız?do we keep noticing? | sizesleb turamısız?do you all keep noticing? | alaesleb turamıdıla?do they keep noticing? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menesleb turmaymamı? esleb turmaymıma?don't I keep noticing? | senesleb turmaymısa?don't you keep noticing? | olesleb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep noticing? | bizesleb turmaybızmı? esleb turmaymıbız?don't we keep noticing? | sizesleb turmaymısız?don't you all keep noticing? | alaesleb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep noticing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menesley turamaI am in the middle of noticing | senesley turasayou are in the middle of noticing | olesley turadıhe is in the middle of noticing | bizesley turabızwe are in the middle of noticing | sizesley turasızyou all are in the middle of noticing | alaesley turadılathey are in the middle of noticing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menesley turmaymaI am not in the middle of noticing | senesley turmaysayou are not in the middle of noticing | olesley turmaydıhe is not in the middle of noticing | bizesley turmaybızwe are not in the middle of noticing | sizesley turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of noticing | alaesley turmaydılathey are not in the middle of noticing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menesley turamamı? esley turamıma?am I in the middle of noticing? | senesley turamısa?are you in the middle of noticing? | olesley turamıdı?is he in the middle of noticing? | bizesley turabızmı? esley turamıbız?are we in the middle of noticing? | sizesley turamısız?are you all in the middle of noticing? | alaesley turamıdıla?are they in the middle of noticing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menesley turmaymamı? esley turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of noticing? | senesley turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of noticing? | olesley turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of noticing? | bizesley turmaybızmı? esley turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of noticing? | sizesley turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of noticing? | alaesley turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of noticing? |
| Simple past (definite) | menesledimI noticed | seneslediŋyou noticed | olesledihe noticed | bizesledikwe noticed | sizesledigizyou all noticed | alaesledilethey noticed |
| Simple past (definite) | meneslemedimI didn't notice | seneslemediŋyou didn't notice | oleslemedihe didn't notice | bizeslemedikwe didn't notice | sizeslemedigizyou all didn't notice | alaeslemedilethey didn't notice |
| Simple past (definite) | menesledimmi?did I notice? | seneslediŋmi?did you notice? | olesledimi?did he notice? | bizesledikmi?did we notice? | sizesledigizmi?did you all notice? | alaesledilemi?did they notice? |
| Simple past (definite) | meneslemedimmi?didn't I notice? | seneslemediŋmi?didn't you notice? | oleslemedimi?didn't he notice? | bizeslemedikmi?didn't we notice? | sizeslemedigizmi?didn't you all notice? | alaeslemedilemi?didn't they notice? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | meneslegenmeI have noticed | seneslegenseyou have noticed | oleslegendihe has noticed | bizeslegenbizwe have noticed | sizeslegensizyou all have noticed | alaeslegendilethey have noticed |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | meneslemegenmeI haven't noticed | seneslemegenseyou haven't noticed | oleslemegendihe hasn't noticed | bizeslemegenbizwe haven't noticed | sizeslemegensizyou all haven't noticed | alaeslemegendilethey haven't noticed |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | meneslegenmemi? eslegenmime?have I noticed? | seneslegenmise?have you noticed? | oleslegenmidi?has he noticed? | bizeslegenbizmi? eslegenmibiz?have we noticed? | sizeslegenmisiz?have you all noticed? | alaeslegenmidile?have they noticed? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | meneslemegenmemi? eslemegenmime?haven't I noticed? | seneslemegenmise?haven't you noticed? | oleslemegenmidi?hasn't he noticed? | bizeslemegenbizmi? eslemegenmibiz?haven't we noticed? | sizeslemegenmisiz?haven't you all noticed? | alaeslemegenmidile?haven't they noticed? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menesleb turdumI kept noticing | senesleb turduŋyou kept noticing | olesleb turduhe kept noticing | bizesleb turduqwe kept noticing | sizesleb turduğuzyou all kept noticing | alaesleb turdulathey kept noticing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menesleb turmadımI didn't keep noticing | senesleb turmadıŋyou didn't keep noticing | olesleb turmadıhe didn't keep noticing | bizesleb turmadıqwe didn't keep noticing | sizesleb turmadığızyou all didn't keep noticing | alaesleb turmadılathey didn't keep noticing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | meneslermeI will notice | seneslerseyou will notice | oleslerhe will notice | bizeslerbizwe will notice | sizeslersizyou all will notice | alaeslerlethey will notice |
| Indefinite future (future I) | meneslemezmeI won't notice | seneslemezseyou won't notice | oleslemezhe won't notice | bizeslemezbizwe won't notice | sizeslemezsizyou all won't notice | alaeslemezlethey won't notice |
| Indefinite future (future I) | meneslermemi? eslermime?will I notice? | seneslermise?will you notice? | oleslermi?will he notice? | bizeslerbizmi? eslermibiz?will we notice? | sizeslermisiz?will you all notice? | alaeslerlemi? eslermile?will they notice? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | meneslemezmemi? eslemezmime?won't I notice? | seneslemezmise?won't you notice? | oleslemezmi?won't he notice? | bizeslemezbizmi? eslemezmibiz?won't we notice? | sizeslemezmisiz?won't you all notice? | alaeslemezlemi? eslemezmile?won't they notice? |
| Definite future (future II) | meneslerikmeI am going to notice | seneslerikseyou are going to notice | oleslerikdihe is going to notice | bizeslerikbizwe are going to notice | sizesleriksizyou all are going to notice | alaeslerikdilethey are going to notice |
| Definite future (future II) | meneslerik tülmeI am not going to notice | seneslerik tülseyou are not going to notice | oleslerik tüldühe is not going to notice | bizeslerik tülbüzwe are not going to notice | sizeslerik tülsüzyou all are not going to notice | alaeslerik tüldülethey are not going to notice |
| Definite future (future II) | meneslerikmemi? eslerikmime?am I going to notice? | seneslerikmise?are you going to notice? | oleslerikmidi?is he going to notice? | bizeslerikbizmi? eslerikmibiz?are we going to notice? | sizeslerikmisiz?are you all going to notice? | alaeslerikmidile?are they going to notice? |
| Definite future (future II) | meneslerik tülmüme?aren't I going to notice? | seneslerik tülmüse?aren't you going to notice? | oleslerik tülmüdü?isn't he going to notice? | bizeslerik tülmübüz?aren't we going to notice? | sizeslerik tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to notice? | alaeslerik tülmüdüle?aren't they going to notice? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | meneslegen edimeslegenemI had noticed | seneslegen ediŋeslegeneŋyou had noticed | oleslegen edieslegenedhe had noticed | bizeslegen edikeslegenekwe had noticed | sizeslegen edigizeslegenegizyou all had noticed | alaeslegen edileeslegenellethey had noticed |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | meneslemegen edimeslemegenemI hadn't noticed | seneslemegen ediŋeslemegeneŋyou hadn't noticed | oleslemegen edieslemegenedhe hadn't noticed | bizeslemegen edikeslemegenekwe hadn't noticed | sizeslemegen edigizeslemegenegizyou all hadn't noticed | alaeslemegen edileeslemegenellethey hadn't noticed |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menesley edimesleyemI was noticing | senesley ediŋesleyeŋyou were noticing | olesley ediesleyedhe was noticing | bizesley edikesleyekwe were noticing | sizesley edigizesleyegizyou all were noticing | alaesley edileesleyellethey were noticing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | meneslemey edimeslemeyemI wasn't noticing | seneslemey ediŋeslemeyeŋyou weren't noticing | oleslemey edieslemeyedhe wasn't noticing | bizeslemey edikeslemeyekwe weren't noticing | sizeslemey edigizeslemeyegizyou all weren't noticing | alaeslemey edileeslemeyellethey weren't noticing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | meneslewçen edimeslewçenemI used to notice | seneslewçen ediŋeslewçeneŋyou used to notice | oleslewçen edieslewçenedhe used to notice | bizeslewçen edikeslewçenekwe used to notice | sizeslewçen edigizeslewçenegizyou all used to notice | alaeslewçen edileeslewçenellethey used to notice |
| Habitual past (used to) | meneslemewçen edimeslemewçenemI didn't use to notice | seneslemewçen ediŋeslemewçeneŋyou didn't use to notice | oleslemewçen edieslemewçenedhe didn't use to notice | bizeslemewçen edikeslemewçenekwe didn't use to notice | sizeslemewçen edigizeslemewçenegizyou all didn't use to notice | alaeslemewçen edileeslemewçenellethey didn't use to notice |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olesleb edihe had noticed and remained so | alaesleb edilethey had noticed and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olesleb tül edihe hadn't noticed | alaesleb tül edilethey hadn't noticed | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menesleb tura edimesleb turaemI had kept noticing | senesleb tura ediŋesleb turaeŋyou had kept noticing | olesleb tura ediesleb turaedhe had kept noticing | bizesleb tura edikesleb turaekwe had kept noticing | sizesleb tura edigizesleb turaegizyou all had kept noticing | alaesleb tura edileesleb turaellethey had kept noticing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menesleb turmay edimesleb turmayemI hadn't kept noticing | senesleb turmay ediŋesleb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept noticing | olesleb turmay ediesleb turmayedhe hadn't kept noticing | bizesleb turmay edikesleb turmayekwe hadn't kept noticing | sizesleb turmay edigizesleb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept noticing | alaesleb turmay edileesleb turmayellethey hadn't kept noticing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menesley tura edimesley turaemI was in the middle of noticing | senesley tura ediŋesley turaeŋyou were in the middle of noticing | olesley tura ediesley turaedhe was in the middle of noticing | bizesley tura edikesley turaekwe were in the middle of noticing | sizesley tura edigizesley turaegizyou all were in the middle of noticing | alaesley tura edileesley turaellethey were in the middle of noticing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menesley turmay edimesley turmayemI wasn't in the middle of noticing | senesley turmay ediŋesley turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of noticing | olesley turmay ediesley turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of noticing | bizesley turmay edikesley turmayekwe weren't in the middle of noticing | sizesley turmay edigizesley turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of noticing | alaesley turmay edileesley turmayellethey weren't in the middle of noticing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menesler edimesler emI would notice | senesler ediŋesler eŋyou would notice | olesler ediesler edhe would notice | bizesler edikesler ekwe would notice | sizesler edigizesler egizyou all would notice | alaesler edileesler ellethey would notice |
| Conditional result (would) | meneslemez edimeslemez emI wouldn't notice | seneslemez ediŋeslemez eŋyou wouldn't notice | oleslemez edieslemez edhe wouldn't notice | bizeslemez edikeslemez ekwe wouldn't notice | sizeslemez edigizeslemez egizyou all wouldn't notice | alaeslemez edileeslemez ellethey wouldn't notice |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | meneslerik edimeslerik emI would have noticed | seneslerik ediŋeslerik eŋyou would have noticed | oleslerik edieslerik edhe would have noticed | bizeslerik edikeslerik ekwe would have noticed | sizeslerik edigizeslerik egizyou all would have noticed | alaeslerik edileeslerik ellethey would have noticed |
| Past conditional result (would have) | meneslerik tül edimeslerik tül emI wouldn't have noticed | seneslerik tül ediŋeslerik tül eŋyou wouldn't have noticed | oleslerik tül edieslerik tül edhe wouldn't have noticed | bizeslerik tül edikeslerik tül ekwe wouldn't have noticed | sizeslerik tül edigizeslerik tül egizyou all wouldn't have noticed | alaeslerik tül edileeslerik tül ellethey wouldn't have noticed |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | meneslesemif I notice | senesleseŋif you notice | olesleseif he notices | bizeslesekif we notice | sizeslesegizif you all notice | alaesleseleif they notice |
| Conditional | meneslemesemif I don't notice | seneslemeseŋif you don't notice | oleslemeseif he doesn't notice | bizeslemesekif we don't notice | sizeslemesegizif you all don't notice | alaeslemeseleif they don't notice |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menesley esemif I am noticing | senesley eseŋif you are noticing | olesley eseif he is noticing | bizesley esekif we are noticing | sizesley esegizif you all are noticing | alaesley eseleif they are noticing |
| Conditional, present real | meneslemey esemif I am not noticing | seneslemey eseŋif you are not noticing | oleslemey eseif he is not noticing | bizeslemey esekif we are not noticing | sizeslemey esegizif you all are not noticing | alaeslemey eseleif they are not noticing |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | meneslesem edieslesem edif only I noticed | senesleseŋ ediesleseŋ edif only you noticed | oleslese edieslesedif only he noticed | bizeslesek edieslesek edif only we noticed | sizeslesegiz edieslesegiz edif only you all noticed | alaeslesele ediesleseledif only they noticed |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | meneslemesem edieslemesem edif only I didn't notice | seneslemeseŋ edieslemeseŋ edif only you didn't notice | oleslemese edieslemesedif only he didn't notice | bizeslemesek edieslemesek edif only we didn't notice | sizeslemesegiz edieslemesegiz edif only you all didn't notice | alaeslemesele edieslemeseledif only they didn't notice |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menesleb tursamif I carry on noticing | senesleb tursaŋif you carry on noticing | olesleb tursaif he carries on noticing | bizesleb tursaqif we carry on noticing | sizesleb tursağızif you all carry on noticing | alaesleb tursalaif they carry on noticing |
| Durative conditional | menesleb turmasamif I don't carry on noticing | senesleb turmasaŋif you don't carry on noticing | olesleb turmasaif he doesn't carry on noticing | bizesleb turmasaqif we don't carry on noticing | sizesleb turmasağızif you all don't carry on noticing | alaesleb turmasalaif they don't carry on noticing |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menesleb tura esemif I have kept noticing | senesleb tura eseŋif you have kept noticing | olesleb tura eseif he has kept noticing | bizesleb tura esekif we have kept noticing | sizesleb tura esegizif you all have kept noticing | alaesleb tura eseleif they have kept noticing |
| Durative conditional, present real | menesleb turmay esemif I haven't kept noticing | senesleb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept noticing | olesleb turmay eseif he hasn't kept noticing | bizesleb turmay esekif we haven't kept noticing | sizesleb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept noticing | alaesleb turmay eseleif they haven't kept noticing |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menesley tursamif I keep noticing | senesley tursaŋif you keep noticing | olesley tursaif he keeps noticing | bizesley tursaqif we keep noticing | sizesley tursağızif you all keep noticing | alaesley tursalaif they keep noticing |
| Progressive conditional | meneslemey tursamif I keep on not noticing | seneslemey tursaŋif you keep on not noticing | oleslemey tursaif he keeps on not noticing | bizeslemey tursaqif we keep on not noticing | sizeslemey tursağızif you all keep on not noticing | alaeslemey tursalaif they keep on not noticing |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menesley tura esemif I am in the middle of noticing | senesley tura eseŋif you are in the middle of noticing | olesley tura eseif he is in the middle of noticing | bizesley tura esekif we are in the middle of noticing | sizesley tura esegizif you all are in the middle of noticing | alaesley tura eseleif they are in the middle of noticing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | meneslemey tura esemif I keep on not noticing | seneslemey tura eseŋif you keep on not noticing | oleslemey tura eseif he keeps on not noticing | bizeslemey tura esekif we keep on not noticing | sizeslemey tura esegizif you all keep on not noticing | alaeslemey tura eseleif they keep on not noticing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menesledim esemif I noticed | seneslediŋ eseŋif you noticed | olesledi eseif he noticed | bizesledik esekif we noticed | sizesledigiz esegizif you all noticed | alaesledile eseleif they noticed |
| Conditional, definite past1 | meneslemedim esemif I didn't notice | seneslemediŋ eseŋif you didn't notice | oleslemedi eseif he didn't notice | bizeslemedik esekif we didn't notice | sizeslemedigiz esegizif you all didn't notice | alaeslemedile eseleif they didn't notice |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | meneslegen esemif I did notice (indeed) | seneslegen eseŋif you did notice (indeed) | oleslegen eseif he did notice (indeed) | bizeslegen esekif we did notice (indeed) | sizeslegen esegizif you all did notice (indeed) | alaeslegen eseleif they did notice (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | meneslemegen esemif I didn't notice (indeed) | seneslemegen eseŋif you didn't notice (indeed) | oleslemegen eseif he didn't notice (indeed) | bizeslemegen esekif we didn't notice (indeed) | sizeslemegen esegizif you all didn't notice (indeed) | alaeslemegen eseleif they didn't notice (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | meneslegen bolsamif I had noticed | seneslegen bolsaŋif you had noticed | oleslegen bolsaif he had noticed | bizeslegen bolsaqif we had noticed | sizeslegen bolsağızif you all had noticed | alaeslegen bolsalaif they had noticed |
| Conditional, counterfactual | meneslemegen bolsamif I hadn't noticed | seneslemegen bolsaŋif you hadn't noticed | oleslemegen bolsaif he hadn't noticed | bizeslemegen bolsaqif we hadn't noticed | sizeslemegen bolsağızif you all hadn't noticed | alaeslemegen bolsalaif they hadn't noticed |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | meneslegen bolsam edieslegen bolsam edif only I had noticed | seneslegen bolsaŋ edieslegen bolsaŋ edif only you had noticed | oleslegen bolsa edieslegen bolsaedif only he had noticed | bizeslegen bolsaq edieslegen bolsaq edif only we had noticed | sizeslegen bolsağız edieslegen bolsağız edif only you all had noticed | alaeslegen bolsala edieslegen bolsalaedif only they had noticed |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | meneslemegen bolsam edieslemegen bolsam edif only I hadn't noticed | seneslemegen bolsaŋ edieslemegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't noticed | oleslemegen bolsa edieslemegen bolsaedif only he hadn't noticed | bizeslemegen bolsaq edieslemegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't noticed | sizeslemegen bolsağız edieslemegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't noticed | alaeslemegen bolsala edieslemegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't noticed |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menesler esemif I will notice | senesler eseŋif you will notice | olesler eseif he will notice | bizesler esekif we will notice | sizesler esegizif you all will notice | alaesler eseleif they will notice |
| Conditional, aorist | meneslemez esemif I won't notice | seneslemez eseŋif you won't notice | oleslemez eseif he won't notice | bizeslemez esekif we won't notice | sizeslemez esegizif you all won't notice | alaeslemez eseleif they won't notice |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | meneslerik esemif I am going to notice | seneslerik eseŋif you are going to notice | oleslerik eseif he is going to notice | bizeslerik esekif we are going to notice | sizeslerik esegizif you all are going to notice | alaeslerik eseleif they are going to notice |
| Conditional, future | meneslerik tül esemif I am not going to notice | seneslerik tül eseŋif you are not going to notice | oleslerik tül eseif he is not going to notice | bizeslerik tül esekif we are not going to notice | sizeslerik tül esegizif you all are not going to notice | alaeslerik tül eseleif they are not going to notice |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | meneslerik bolsamif I were going to notice | seneslerik bolsaŋif you were going to notice | oleslerik bolsaif he were going to notice | bizeslerik bolsaqif we were going to notice | sizeslerik bolsağızif you all were going to notice | alaeslerik bolsalaif they were going to notice |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | meneslemezlik bolsamif I were not going to notice | seneslemezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to notice | oleslemezlik bolsaif he were not going to notice | bizeslemezlik bolsaqif we were not going to notice | sizeslemezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to notice | alaeslemezlik bolsalaif they were not going to notice |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso eslediŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menesley bolurmaI must be noticing | senesley bolursayou must be noticing | olesley bolurhe must be noticing | bizesley bolurbuzwe must be noticing | sizesley bolursuzyou all must be noticing | alaesley bolurlathey must be noticing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | meneslemey bolurmaI must not be noticing | seneslemey bolursayou must not be noticing | oleslemey bolurhe must not be noticing | bizeslemey bolurbuzwe must not be noticing | sizeslemey bolursuzyou all must not be noticing | alaeslemey bolurlathey must not be noticing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menesley tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of noticing | senesley tura bolursayou must be in the middle of noticing | olesley tura bolurhe must be in the middle of noticing | bizesley tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of noticing | sizesley tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of noticing | alaesley tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of noticing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | meneslemey tura bolurmaI must keep on not noticing | seneslemey tura bolursayou must keep on not noticing | oleslemey tura bolurhe must keep on not noticing | bizeslemey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not noticing | sizeslemey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not noticing | alaeslemey tura bolurlathey must keep on not noticing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | meneslegen bolurmaI must have noticed | seneslegen bolursayou must have noticed | oleslegen bolurhe must have noticed | bizeslegen bolurbuzwe must have noticed | sizeslegen bolursuzyou all must have noticed | alaeslegen bolurlathey must have noticed |
| Inference (must have) | meneslemegen bolurmaI must not have noticed | seneslemegen bolursayou must not have noticed | oleslemegen bolurhe must not have noticed | bizeslemegen bolurbuzwe must not have noticed | sizeslemegen bolursuzyou all must not have noticed | alaeslemegen bolurlathey must not have noticed |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | meneslerik bolurmaI must be going to notice | seneslerik bolursayou must be going to notice | oleslerik bolurhe must be going to notice | bizeslerik bolurbuzwe must be going to notice | sizeslerik bolursuzyou all must be going to notice | alaeslerik bolurlathey must be going to notice |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | meneslemezlik bolurmaI must not be going to notice | seneslemezlik bolursayou must not be going to notice | oleslemezlik bolurhe must not be going to notice | bizeslemezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to notice | sizeslemezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to notice | alaeslemezlik bolurlathey must not be going to notice |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menesleyimlet me notice | senesle!notice! | oleslesinlet him notice | bizesleyiklet's notice | sizeslegiz!notice, you all! | alaeslesinlelet them notice |
| Commands & suggestions | meneslemeyimlet me not notice | senesleme!don't notice! | oleslemesinlet him not notice | bizeslemeyiklet's not notice | sizeslemegiz!don't notice, you all! | alaeslemesinlelet them not notice |
| Commands & suggestions | menesleyimmi?shall I notice? | oleslesinmi?should he notice? | bizesleyikmi?shall we notice? | alaeslesinlemi?should they notice? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | meneslemeyimmi?shall I not notice? | oleslemesinmi?should he not notice? | bizeslemeyikmi?shall we not notice? | alaeslemesinlemi?should they not notice? | ||
| Requests | senesleçi2esleçinplease notice | oleslesinçido let him notice | sizesleçigizplease notice (plural/polite) | alaeslesinleçido let them notice | ||
| Requests | seneslemeçi2eslemeçinplease don't notice | oleslemesinçido let him not notice | sizeslemeçigizplease don't notice (plural/polite) | alaeslemesinleçido let them not notice | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | seneslegineslegimay you notice | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | seneslemegineslemegimay you not notice | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | meneslegey edim eslege edimwould that I noticed | seneslegey ediŋ eslege ediŋwould that you noticed | oleslegey edi eslege ediwould that he noticed | bizeslegey edik eslege edikwould that we noticed | sizeslegey edigiz eslege edigizwould that you all noticed | alaeslegey edile eslege edilewould that they noticed |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | meneslemegey edim eslemege edimwould that I did not notice | seneslemegey ediŋ eslemege ediŋwould that you did not notice | oleslemegey edi eslemege ediwould that he did not notice | bizeslemegey edik eslemege edikwould that we did not notice | sizeslemegey edigiz eslemege edigizwould that you all did not notice | alaeslemegey edile eslemege edilewould that they did not notice |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | meneslemege qoyayımesleme qoyayımlet me allow someone to notice | seneslemege qoy!esleme qoy!let someone notice! | oleslemege qoysunesleme qoysunlet him allow someone to notice | bizeslemege qoyayıqesleme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to notice | sizeslemege qoyuğuz!esleme qoyuğuz!let someone notice, you all! | alaeslemege qoysunlaesleme qoysunlalet them allow someone to notice |
| Let someone… (commands) | meneslemege qoymayımesleme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to notice | seneslemege qoyma!esleme qoyma!don't let someone notice! | oleslemege qoymasınesleme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to notice | bizeslemege qoymayıqesleme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to notice | sizeslemege qoymağız!esleme qoymağız!don't let someone notice, you all! | alaeslemege qoymasınlaesleme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to notice |
| Let someone… (commands) | meneslemege qoyayımmı?esleme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to notice? | oleslemege qoysunmu?esleme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to notice? | bizeslemege qoyayıqmı?esleme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to notice? | alaeslemege qoysunlamı?esleme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to notice? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | meneslemege qoymayımmı?esleme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to notice? | oleslemege qoymasınmı?esleme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to notice? | bizeslemege qoymayıqmı?esleme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to notice? | alaeslemege qoymasınlamı?esleme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to notice? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | meneslemege qoyamaesleme qoyamaI allow someone to notice | seneslemege qoyasaesleme qoyasayou allow someone to notice | oleslemege qoyadıesleme qoyadıhe allows someone to notice | bizeslemege qoyabızesleme qoyabızwe allow someone to notice | sizeslemege qoyasızesleme qoyasızyou all allow someone to notice | alaeslemege qoyadılaesleme qoyadılathey allow someone to notice |
| Let someone… (present) | meneslemege qoymaymaesleme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to notice | seneslemege qoymaysaesleme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to notice | oleslemege qoymaydıesleme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to notice | bizeslemege qoymaybızesleme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to notice | sizeslemege qoymaysızesleme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to notice | alaeslemege qoymaydılaesleme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to notice |
| Let someone… (present) | meneslemege qoyamamı?esleme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to notice? | seneslemege qoyamısa?esleme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to notice? | oleslemege qoyamıdı?esleme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to notice? | bizeslemege qoyabızmı?esleme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to notice? | sizeslemege qoyamısız?esleme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to notice? | alaeslemege qoyamıdıla?esleme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to notice? |
| Let someone… (present) | meneslemege qoymaymamı?esleme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to notice? | seneslemege qoymaymısa?esleme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to notice? | oleslemege qoymaymıdı?esleme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to notice? | bizeslemege qoymaybızmı?esleme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to notice? | sizeslemege qoymaymısız?esleme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to notice? | alaeslemege qoymaymıdıla?esleme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to notice? |
| Let someone… (past) | meneslemege qoydumesleme qoydumI allowed someone to notice | seneslemege qoyduŋesleme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to notice | oleslemege qoyduesleme qoyduhe allowed someone to notice | bizeslemege qoyduqesleme qoyduqwe allowed someone to notice | sizeslemege qoyduğuzesleme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to notice | alaeslemege qoydulaesleme qoydulathey allowed someone to notice |
| Let someone… (past) | meneslemege qoymadımesleme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to notice | seneslemege qoymadıŋesleme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to notice | oleslemege qoymadıesleme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to notice | bizeslemege qoymadıqesleme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to notice | sizeslemege qoymadığızesleme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to notice | alaeslemege qoymadılaesleme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to notice |
| Let someone… (past) | meneslemege qoydummu?esleme qoydummu?did I allow someone to notice? | seneslemege qoyduŋmu?esleme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to notice? | oleslemege qoydumu?esleme qoydumu?did he allow someone to notice? | bizeslemege qoyduqmu?esleme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to notice? | sizeslemege qoyduğuzmu?esleme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to notice? | alaeslemege qoydulamı?esleme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to notice? |
| Let someone… (past) | meneslemege qoymadımmı?esleme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to notice? | seneslemege qoymadıŋmı?esleme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to notice? | oleslemege qoymadımı?esleme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to notice? | bizeslemege qoymadıqmı?esleme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to notice? | sizeslemege qoymadığızmı?esleme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to notice? | alaeslemege qoymadılamı?esleme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to notice? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menesleyalamaI can notice | senesleyalasayou can notice | olesleyaladıhe can notice | bizesleyalabızwe can notice | sizesleyalasızyou all can notice | alaesleyaladılathey can notice |
| Ability — present | menesleyalmaymaI can't notice | senesleyalmaysayou can't notice | olesleyalmaydıhe can't notice | bizesleyalmaybızwe can't notice | sizesleyalmaysızyou all can't notice | alaesleyalmaydılathey can't notice |
| Ability — present | menesleyalamamı? esleyalamıma?can I notice? | senesleyalamısa?can you notice? | olesleyalamıdı?can he notice? | bizesleyalabızmı? esleyalamıbız?can we notice? | sizesleyalamısız?can you all notice? | alaesleyalamıdıla?can they notice? |
| Ability — present | menesleyalmaymamı? esleyalmaymıma?can't I notice? | senesleyalmaymısa?can't you notice? | olesleyalmaymıdı?can't he notice? | bizesleyalmaybızmı? esleyalmaymıbız?can't we notice? | sizesleyalmaymısız?can't you all notice? | alaesleyalmaymıdıla?can't they notice? |
| Ability — if I can… | menesleyalsamif I can notice | senesleyalsaŋif you can notice | olesleyalsaif he can notice | bizesleyalsaqif we can notice | sizesleyalsağızif you all can notice | alaesleyalsalaif they can notice |
| Ability — if I can… | menesleyalmasamif I can't notice | senesleyalmasaŋif you can't notice | olesleyalmasaif he can't notice | bizesleyalmasaqif we can't notice | sizesleyalmasağızif you all can't notice | alaesleyalmasalaif they can't notice |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menesleyaldımI was able to notice | senesleyaldıŋyou were able to notice | olesleyaldıhe was able to notice | bizesleyaldıqwe were able to notice | sizesleyaldığızyou all were able to notice | alaesleyaldılathey were able to notice |
| Ability — simple past | menesleyalmadımI could not notice | senesleyalmadıŋyou could not notice | olesleyalmadıhe could not notice | bizesleyalmadıqwe could not notice | sizesleyalmadığızyou all could not notice | alaesleyalmadılathey could not notice |
| Ability — simple past | menesleyaldımmı?was I able to notice? | senesleyaldıŋmı?were you able to notice? | olesleyaldımı?was he able to notice? | bizesleyaldıqmı?were we able to notice? | sizesleyaldığızmı?were you all able to notice? | alaesleyaldılamı?were they able to notice? |
| Ability — simple past | menesleyalmadımmı?couldn't I notice? | senesleyalmadıŋmı?couldn't you notice? | olesleyalmadımı?couldn't he notice? | bizesleyalmadıqmı?couldn't we notice? | sizesleyalmadığızmı?couldn't you all notice? | alaesleyalmadılamı?couldn't they notice? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menesleyalğanmaI have been able to notice | senesleyalğansayou have been able to notice | olesleyalğandıhe has been able to notice | bizesleyalğanbızwe have been able to notice | sizesleyalğansızyou all have been able to notice | alaesleyalğandılathey have been able to notice |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menesleyalmağanmaI haven't been able to notice | senesleyalmağansayou haven't been able to notice | olesleyalmağandıhe hasn't been able to notice | bizesleyalmağanbızwe haven't been able to notice | sizesleyalmağansızyou all haven't been able to notice | alaesleyalmağandılathey haven't been able to notice |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menesleyalğanmamı? esleyalğanmıma?have I been able to notice? | senesleyalğanmısa?have you been able to notice? | olesleyalğanmıdı?has he been able to notice? | bizesleyalğanbızmı? esleyalğanmıbız?have we been able to notice? | sizesleyalğanmısız?have you all been able to notice? | alaesleyalğanmıdıla?have they been able to notice? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menesleyalmağanmamı? esleyalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to notice? | senesleyalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to notice? | olesleyalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to notice? | bizesleyalmağanbızmı? esleyalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to notice? | sizesleyalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to notice? | alaesleyalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to notice? |
| Ability — past perfect | menesleyalğan edimesleyalğanemI had been able to notice | senesleyalğan ediŋesleyalğaneŋyou had been able to notice | olesleyalğan ediesleyalğanedhe had been able to notice | bizesleyalğan edikesleyalğanekwe had been able to notice | sizesleyalğan edigizesleyalğanegizyou all had been able to notice | alaesleyalğan edileesleyalğanellethey had been able to notice |
| Ability — past perfect | menesleyalmağan edimesleyalmağanemI hadn't been able to notice | senesleyalmağan ediŋesleyalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to notice | olesleyalmağan ediesleyalmağanedhe hadn't been able to notice | bizesleyalmağan edikesleyalmağanekwe hadn't been able to notice | sizesleyalmağan edigizesleyalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to notice | alaesleyalmağan edileesleyalmağanellethey hadn't been able to notice |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menesleyala edimesleyalaemI could notice | senesleyala ediŋesleyalaeŋyou could notice | olesleyala ediesleyalaedhe could notice | bizesleyala edikesleyalaekwe could notice | sizesleyala edigizesleyalaegizyou all could notice | alaesleyala edileesleyalaellethey could notice |
| Ability — past background | menesleyalmay edimesleyalmayemI could not notice | senesleyalmay ediŋesleyalmayeŋyou could not notice | olesleyalmay ediesleyalmayedhe could not notice | bizesleyalmay edikesleyalmayekwe could not notice | sizesleyalmay edigizesleyalmayegizyou all could not notice | alaesleyalmay edileesleyalmayellethey could not notice |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menesleyalırmaI will be able to notice | senesleyalırsayou will be able to notice | olesleyalırhe will be able to notice | bizesleyalırbızwe will be able to notice | sizesleyalırsızyou all will be able to notice | alaesleyalırlathey will be able to notice |
| Ability — future I | menesleyalmazmaI won't be able to notice | senesleyalmazsayou won't be able to notice | olesleyalmazhe won't be able to notice | bizesleyalmazbızwe won't be able to notice | sizesleyalmazsızyou all won't be able to notice | alaesleyalmazlathey won't be able to notice |
| Ability — future I | menesleyalırmamı? esleyalırmıma?will I be able to notice? | senesleyalırmısa?will you be able to notice? | olesleyalırmı?will he be able to notice? | bizesleyalırbızmı? esleyalırmıbız?will we be able to notice? | sizesleyalırmısız?will you all be able to notice? | alaesleyalırlamı? esleyalırmıla?will they be able to notice? |
| Ability — future I | menesleyalmazmamı? esleyalmazmıma?won't I be able to notice? | senesleyalmazmısa?won't you be able to notice? | olesleyalmazmı?won't he be able to notice? | bizesleyalmazbızmı? esleyalmazmıbız?won't we be able to notice? | sizesleyalmazmısız?won't you all be able to notice? | alaesleyalmazlamı? esleyalmazmıla?won't they be able to notice? |
| Ability — future II | menesleyallıqmaI am going to be able to notice | senesleyallıqsayou are going to be able to notice | olesleyallıqdıhe is going to be able to notice | bizesleyallıqbızwe are going to be able to notice | sizesleyallıqsızyou all are going to be able to notice | alaesleyallıqdılathey are going to be able to notice |
| Ability — future II | menesleyallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to notice | senesleyallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to notice | olesleyallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to notice | bizesleyallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to notice | sizesleyallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to notice | alaesleyallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to notice |
| Ability — future II | menesleyallıqmamı? esleyallıqmıma?am I going to be able to notice? | senesleyallıqmısa?are you going to be able to notice? | olesleyallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to notice? | bizesleyallıqbızmı? esleyallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to notice? | sizesleyallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to notice? | alaesleyallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to notice? |
| Ability — future II | menesleyallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to notice? | senesleyallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to notice? | olesleyallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to notice? | bizesleyallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to notice? | sizesleyallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to notice? | alaesleyallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to notice? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menesleyalır edimesleyalır emI would be able to notice | senesleyalır ediŋesleyalır eŋyou would be able to notice | olesleyalır ediesleyalır edhe would be able to notice | bizesleyalır edikesleyalır ekwe would be able to notice | sizesleyalır edigizesleyalır egizyou all would be able to notice | alaesleyalır edileesleyalır ellethey would be able to notice |
| Ability — would be able to… | menesleyalmaz edimesleyalmaz emI wouldn't be able to notice | senesleyalmaz ediŋesleyalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to notice | olesleyalmaz ediesleyalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to notice | bizesleyalmaz edikesleyalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to notice | sizesleyalmaz edigizesleyalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to notice | alaesleyalmaz edileesleyalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to notice |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senesleyalğınesleyalğımay you be able to notice | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senesleyalmağınesleyalmağımay you not be able to notice | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | meneslerge izleymeI want to notice | seneslerge izleyseyou want to notice | oleslerge izleydihe wants to notice | bizeslerge izleybizwe want to notice | sizeslerge izleysizyou all want to notice | alaeslerge izleydilethey want to notice |
| want to | meneslerge izlemeymeI do not want to notice | seneslerge izlemeyseyou do not want to notice | oleslerge izlemeydihe does not want to notice | bizeslerge izlemeybizwe do not want to notice | sizeslerge izlemeysizyou all do not want to notice | alaeslerge izlemeydilethey do not want to notice |
| would like to | meneslerge süemeI would like to notice | seneslerge süeseyou would like to notice | oleslerge süedihe would like to notice | bizeslerge süebizwe would like to notice | sizeslerge süesizyou all would like to notice | alaeslerge süedilethey would like to notice |
| would like to | meneslerge süymeymeI would not like to notice | seneslerge süymeyseyou would not like to notice | oleslerge süymeydihe would not like to notice | bizeslerge süymeybizwe would not like to notice | sizeslerge süymeysizyou all would not like to notice | alaeslerge süymeydilethey would not like to notice |
| hope to | meneslerge umutlanamaI hope to notice | seneslerge umutlanasayou hope to notice | oleslerge umutlanadıhe hopes to notice | bizeslerge umutlanabızwe hope to notice | sizeslerge umutlanasızyou all hope to notice | alaeslerge umutlanadılathey hope to notice |
| hope to | meneslerge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to notice | seneslerge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to notice | oleslerge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to notice | bizeslerge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to notice | sizeslerge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to notice | alaeslerge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to notice |
| be about to | meneslerge deb turamaI am about to notice | seneslerge deb turasayou are about to notice | oleslerge deb turadıhe is about to notice | bizeslerge deb turabızwe are about to notice | sizeslerge deb turasızyou all are about to notice | alaeslerge deb turadılathey are about to notice |
| be about to | meneslerge deb turmaymaI am not about to notice | seneslerge deb turmaysayou are not about to notice | oleslerge deb turmaydıhe is not about to notice | bizeslerge deb turmaybızwe are not about to notice | sizeslerge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to notice | alaeslerge deb turmaydılathey are not about to notice |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | meneslerge kerekmeI need to notice | seneslerge kerekseyou need to notice | oleslerge kerekdihe needs to notice | bizeslerge kerekbizwe need to notice | sizeslerge kereksizyou all need to notice | alaeslerge kerekdilethey need to notice |
| need to | meneslerge kerek tülmeI do not need to notice | seneslerge kerek tülseyou do not need to notice | oleslerge kerek tüldühe does not need to notice | bizeslerge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to notice | sizeslerge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to notice | alaeslerge kerek tüldülethey do not need to notice |
| have to | menmenŋe eslerge tüşediI have to notice | sensenŋe eslerge tüşediyou have to notice | olaŋa eslerge tüşedihe has to notice | bizbizge eslerge tüşediwe have to notice | sizsizge eslerge tüşediyou all have to notice | alaalağa eslerge tüşedithey have to notice |
| have to | menmenŋe eslerge tüşmeydiI do not have to notice | sensenŋe eslerge tüşmeydiyou do not have to notice | olaŋa eslerge tüşmeydihe does not have to notice | bizbizge eslerge tüşmeydiwe do not have to notice | sizsizge eslerge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to notice | alaalağa eslerge tüşmeydithey do not have to notice |
| be obliged to | meneslerge borçlumaI am obliged to notice | seneslerge borçlusayou are obliged to notice | oleslerge borçluduhe is obliged to notice | bizeslerge borçlubuzwe are obliged to notice | sizeslerge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to notice | alaeslerge borçludulathey are obliged to notice |
| be obliged to | meneslerge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to notice | seneslerge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to notice | oleslerge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to notice | bizeslerge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to notice | sizeslerge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to notice | alaeslerge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to notice |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | meneslerge madarım bardıI have a way to notice | seneslerge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to notice | oleslerge madarı bardıhe has a way to notice | bizeslerge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to notice | sizeslerge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to notice | alaeslerge madarları bardıthey have a way to notice |
| have a way to | meneslerge madarım joqduI have no way to notice | seneslerge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to notice | oleslerge madarı joqduhe has no way to notice | bizeslerge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to notice | sizeslerge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to notice | alaeslerge madarları joqduthey have no way to notice |
| be free to | meneslerge erkinligim bardıI am free to notice | seneslerge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to notice | oleslerge erkinligi bardıhe is free to notice | bizeslerge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to notice | sizeslerge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to notice | alaeslerge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to notice |
| be free to | meneslerge erkinligim joqduI am not free to notice | seneslerge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to notice | oleslerge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to notice | bizeslerge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to notice | sizeslerge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to notice | alaeslerge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to notice |
| be possible to | menmenŋe eslerge bolluqduit is possible for me to notice | sensenŋe eslerge bolluqduit is possible for you to notice | olaŋa eslerge bolluqduit is possible for him to notice | bizbizge eslerge bolluqduit is possible for us to notice | sizsizge eslerge bolluqduit is possible for you all to notice | alaalağa eslerge bolluqduit is possible for them to notice |
| be possible to | menmenŋe eslerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to notice | sensenŋe eslerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to notice | olaŋa eslerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to notice | bizbizge eslerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to notice | sizsizge eslerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to notice | alaalağa eslerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to notice |
| be ready to | meneslerge hazırmaI am ready to notice | seneslerge hazırsayou are ready to notice | oleslerge hazırdıhe is ready to notice | bizeslerge hazırbızwe are ready to notice | sizeslerge hazırsızyou all are ready to notice | alaeslerge hazırdılathey are ready to notice |
| be ready to | meneslerge hazır tülmeI am not ready to notice | seneslerge hazır tülseyou are not ready to notice | oleslerge hazır tüldühe is not ready to notice | bizeslerge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to notice | sizeslerge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to notice | alaeslerge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to notice |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | meneslerge küreşemeI am trying to notice | seneslerge küreşeseyou are trying to notice | oleslerge küreşedihe is trying to notice | bizeslerge küreşebizwe are trying to notice | sizeslerge küreşesizyou all are trying to notice | alaeslerge küreşedilethey are trying to notice |
| try to | meneslerge küreşmeymeI am not trying to notice | seneslerge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to notice | oleslerge küreşmeydihe is not trying to notice | bizeslerge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to notice | sizeslerge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to notice | alaeslerge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to notice |
| agree to | meneslerge unaymaI agree to notice | seneslerge unaysayou agree to notice | oleslerge unaydıhe agrees to notice | bizeslerge unaybızwe agree to notice | sizeslerge unaysızyou all agree to notice | alaeslerge unaydılathey agree to notice |
| agree to | meneslerge unamaymaI refuse to notice | seneslerge unamaysayou refuse to notice | oleslerge unamaydıhe refuses to notice | bizeslerge unamaybızwe refuse to notice | sizeslerge unamaysızyou all refuse to notice | alaeslerge unamaydılathey refuse to notice |
| hurry to | meneslerge aşığamaI am in a hurry to notice | seneslerge aşığasayou are in a hurry to notice | oleslerge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to notice | bizeslerge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to notice | sizeslerge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to notice | alaeslerge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to notice |
| hurry to | meneslerge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to notice | seneslerge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to notice | oleslerge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to notice | bizeslerge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to notice | sizeslerge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to notice | alaeslerge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to notice |
| be afraid to | meneslerge qorqamaI am afraid to notice | seneslerge qorqasayou are afraid to notice | oleslerge qorqadıhe is afraid to notice | bizeslerge qorqabızwe are afraid to notice | sizeslerge qorqasızyou all are afraid to notice | alaeslerge qorqadılathey are afraid to notice |
| be afraid to | meneslerge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to notice | seneslerge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to notice | oleslerge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to notice | bizeslerge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to notice | sizeslerge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to notice | alaeslerge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to notice |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menesley bolmazmaI can't be noticing | senesley bolmazsayou can't be noticing | olesley bolmazhe can't be noticing | bizesley bolmazbızwe can't be noticing | sizesley bolmazsızyou all can't be noticing | alaesley bolmazlathey can't be noticing |
| Inference, present — double negation | meneslemey bolmazmaI must be noticing (emphatic) | seneslemey bolmazsayou must be noticing (emphatic) | oleslemey bolmazhe must be noticing (emphatic) | bizeslemey bolmazbızwe must be noticing (emphatic) | sizeslemey bolmazsızyou all must be noticing (emphatic) | alaeslemey bolmazlathey must be noticing (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menesley turmasamif I don't keep noticing | senesley turmasaŋif you don't keep noticing | olesley turmasaif he doesn't keep noticing | bizesley turmasaqif we don't keep noticing | sizesley turmasağızif you all don't keep noticing | alaesley turmasalaif they don't keep noticing |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menesley tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of noticing | senesley tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of noticing | olesley tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of noticing | bizesley tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of noticing | sizesley tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of noticing | alaesley tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of noticing |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | meneslemey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not noticing (emphatic) | seneslemey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not noticing (emphatic) | oleslemey tura bolmazhe must keep on not noticing (emphatic) | bizeslemey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not noticing (emphatic) | sizeslemey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not noticing (emphatic) | alaeslemey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not noticing (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | meneslemey turamaI keep on not noticing | seneslemey turasayou keep on not noticing | oleslemey turadıhe keeps on not noticing | bizeslemey turabızwe keep on not noticing | sizeslemey turasızyou all keep on not noticing | alaeslemey turadılathey keep on not noticing |
| Progressive — double negation | meneslemey turmaymaI am not keeping on not noticing | seneslemey turmaysayou are not keeping on not noticing | oleslemey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not noticing | bizeslemey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not noticing | sizeslemey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not noticing | alaeslemey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not noticing |
| Progressive — double negation | meneslemey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not noticing? | seneslemey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not noticing? | oleslemey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not noticing? | bizeslemey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not noticing? | sizeslemey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not noticing? | alaeslemey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not noticing? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | meneslegen bolmazmaI can't have noticed | seneslegen bolmazsayou can't have noticed | oleslegen bolmazhe can't have noticed | bizeslegen bolmazbızwe can't have noticed | sizeslegen bolmazsızyou all can't have noticed | alaeslegen bolmazlathey can't have noticed |
| Inference — double negation | meneslemegen bolmazmaI must have noticed (emphatic) | seneslemegen bolmazsayou must have noticed (emphatic) | oleslemegen bolmazhe must have noticed (emphatic) | bizeslemegen bolmazbızwe must have noticed (emphatic) | sizeslemegen bolmazsızyou all must have noticed (emphatic) | alaeslemegen bolmazlathey must have noticed (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | meneslegen bolmasamif it weren't that I had noticed | seneslegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had noticed | oleslegen bolmasaif it weren't that he had noticed | bizeslegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had noticed | sizeslegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had noticed | alaeslegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had noticed |
| Counterfactual — double negation | meneslemegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't noticed | seneslemegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't noticed | oleslemegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't noticed | bizeslemegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't noticed | sizeslemegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't noticed | alaeslemegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't noticed |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | meneslerik bolmazmaI can't be going to notice | seneslerik bolmazsayou can't be going to notice | oleslerik bolmazhe can't be going to notice | bizeslerik bolmazbızwe can't be going to notice | sizeslerik bolmazsızyou all can't be going to notice | alaeslerik bolmazlathey can't be going to notice |
| Inference, future — double negation | meneslemezlik bolmazmaI must be going to notice (emphatic) | seneslemezlik bolmazsayou must be going to notice (emphatic) | oleslemezlik bolmazhe must be going to notice (emphatic) | bizeslemezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to notice (emphatic) | sizeslemezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to notice (emphatic) | alaeslemezlik bolmazlathey must be going to notice (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | meneslerik bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to notice | seneslerik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to notice | oleslerik bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to notice | bizeslerik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to notice | sizeslerik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to notice | alaeslerik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to notice |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | meneslemezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to notice | seneslemezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to notice | oleslemezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to notice | bizeslemezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to notice | sizeslemezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to notice | alaeslemezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to notice |