çığarğa
/tʃɯʁarʁa/
1. go out, come out, leave, exit
- ol üyden çıqdı — he went out of the house
- arbazğa çığarğa — to go out into the yard
- eşikge çığarğa — to go outside
- çegetden çığarğa — to come out of the forest
- beri çıq — come out here
- allına çığarğa — to go out to meet him
2. set out, set off, depart
- jolğa çığarğa — to set out on a journey
- uwğa çığarğa — to set out hunting
- qoşha çığarğa — to set off for the summer camp
- biz tambla jolğa çığabız — we are setting out tomorrow
3. appear, arise, come about, occur
- jaŋı adet çıqğandı — a new custom has appeared
- aralarında qawğa çıqdı — a quarrel arose between them
- tükenŋe jaŋı zatla çıqğandıla — new goods have appeared in the shop
- bizge iş çıqdı — something has come up for us
- qaydan çıqdıŋ? — where did you come from?
4. climb, go up, get to the top
- örge çığarğa — to climb up
- başına çığarğa — to go up to the top
- Miŋi tawnu başına çığarğa — to climb to the top of Mount Elbrus
- quş uçub kökge çıqdı — the eagle flew up into the sky
- taw başına çığarğa — to climb to the top of the mountain
5. rise (of the sun or moon)
- kün çıqdı — the sun has risen
- ay çıqğanda — when the moon rises
- künnü çıqğanı — the rising of the sun
6. come up, sprout, come through (of plants, hair or teeth)
- urluq çıqğandı — the seed has come up
- gardoş çığa başlağandı — the potatoes have started coming up
- sabiyni tişleri çığadıla — the child's teeth are coming through
- saqal-mıyıq çıqğandı — his beard and mustache have come through
7. quit, leave, resign, give up a post
- işden çığıb qalırğa — to leave one's work, to quit a job
- işden çığarğa — to leave the job
- men işden çığama — I am quitting my job
- çığıb qalırğa — to quit
8. be published, come out
- çığarma çıqğandı — the work has come out
- meni kitabım çıqdı — my book came out
9. be found, turn up (of something or someone available)
- barırğa süygenle çıqdıla — people willing to go turned up
- boluşurğa adam çıqmadı — nobody turned up to help
10. be given off, come out, ooze, emanate (of a smell, steam, light, blood, sweat or tears)
- jaradan qan çığadı — blood is oozing from the wound
- maŋılayından ter tamçıla çıqdıla — drops of sweat came out on his forehead
- közlerinden jılamuqla çıqdıla — tears came from her eyes
- iyis çığadı — a smell is coming out
11. originate, stem from, follow from
- bu suw kölden çığadı — this river flows out of the lake
- bu hapar andan çığa bolur — this news probably comes from him
- bu oyum alğın aytılğandan çığadı — this conclusion follows from what was said earlier
12. come out of, be got from, be produced from one source
- eki qoyan teriden börk çığarmı? — will a hat come out of two hare skins?
- çöblewden jaw çığadı — oil is got from sunflower seed
13. get out of, break free of one source
- türmeden çığarğa — to get out of prison
- azabdan çığarğa — to break free of torment
- qıyınlıqdan çığarğa — to get clear of hardship
- biz qıyınlıqdan çıqdıq — we got clear of hardship
- çığıb keterge — to get out and away
14. come to, amount to, weigh out at
- gardoş üç çelek çıqdı — the potatoes came to three buckets
- jaw beş kilogramm çıqdı — the butter weighed five kilograms
- joyulğan açha jüz som çığadı — the money spent comes to a hundred rubles
- jaw köb çıqdı — the butter came to a lot
15. be due, be owed (to someone) one source
- menŋe jüz som çığadı — a hundred rubles is due to me
16. crawl out, climb out (from under something)
- tübünden çığarğa — to crawl out from under
- çıçhan teşikden çıqdı — the mouse crawled out of the hole
17. stick out, protrude, bulge
- çığıb tururğa — to stick out
- kölegini etegi çığıb turadı — the hem of the shirt is sticking out
18. hold out until, live to see, last until
- taŋŋa çığarğa — to hold out until morning
- jazğa çığarğa — to live to see spring
- biz jazğa çıqdıq — we lasted until spring
19. depart from, deviate from a norm, violate a rule
- joruqdan çığarğa — to depart from the rules
- adetden çığarğa — to overstep custom
- qabdan çığarğa — to go beyond bounds
20. go off, leave (a track or line); fall out of formation one source
- safdan çığarğa — to fall out of formation
- maşina joldan çığıb ketdi — the car went off the road
21. be heard, resound, ring out
- qobuz tawuş çıqdı — the sound of the accordion was heard
- hars tawuş çığa edi — the sound of clapping was heard
- üyden jır tawuş çığadı — the sound of singing comes from the house
22. come off, come away (of a lid or part)
- qazannı qaphağı çıqdı — the lid of the pot came off
- baltanı sabı çığıb ketdi — the handle of the ax came off
23. become dislocated (of a joint)
- qolum çıqğandı — my arm has been dislocated
- anı ayağı çıqdı — his foot got dislocated
24. get through, complete (a course of study or a book) one source
- oqub çığarğa — to read through
- kitabnı oqub çıqdım — I read the book through
25. be manifested, be revealed, show itself
- seni da bir jigitligiŋ çıqdı — at last your bravery has shown itself too
26. brew, steep (of tea) one source
- şay igi çıqğandı — the tea has brewed well
Expressions
- ne çıqsa da, mından çığar — will prove a hero
- abrekge çığarğa — become an outlaw
- aman jolğa çığarğa — go astray
- aman künü çığarğa — be worn out
Conjugation
Common forms
- çığadıhe is going out
- çıqdıhe went out
- çıqğandıhe has gone out
- çığarhe will go out
- çığarıqdıhe is going to go out
- çığa edihe was going out
- çıqsaif he goes out
- çıq!go out!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | mençığamaI am going out | sençığasayou are going out | olçığadıhe is going out | bizçığabızwe are going out | sizçığasızyou all are going out | alaçığadılathey are going out |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mençıqmaymaI am not going out | sençıqmaysayou are not going out | olçıqmaydıhe is not going out | bizçıqmaybızwe are not going out | sizçıqmaysızyou all are not going out | alaçıqmaydılathey are not going out |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mençığamamı? çığamıma?am I going out? | sençığamısa?are you going out? | olçığamıdı?is he going out? | bizçığabızmı? çığamıbız?are we going out? | sizçığamısız?are you all going out? | alaçığamıdıla?are they going out? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mençıqmaymamı? çıqmaymıma?aren't I going out? | sençıqmaymısa?aren't you going out? | olçıqmaymıdı?isn't he going out? | bizçıqmaybızmı? çıqmaymıbız?aren't we going out? | sizçıqmaymısız?aren't you all going out? | alaçıqmaymıdıla?aren't they going out? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mençığıwçanmaI usually go out | sençığıwçansayou usually go out | olçığıwçandıhe usually goes out | bizçığıwçanbızwe usually go out | sizçığıwçansızyou all usually go out | alaçığıwçandılathey usually go out |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mençıqmawçanmaI usually don't go out | sençıqmawçansayou usually don't go out | olçıqmawçandıhe usually doesn't go out | bizçıqmawçanbızwe usually don't go out | sizçıqmawçansızyou all usually don't go out | alaçıqmawçandılathey usually don't go out |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mençığıwçanmamı? çığıwçanmıma?do I usually go out? | sençığıwçanmısa?do you usually go out? | olçığıwçanmıdı?does he usually go out? | bizçığıwçanbızmı? çığıwçanmıbız?do we usually go out? | sizçığıwçanmısız?do you all usually go out? | alaçığıwçanmıdıla?do they usually go out? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mençıqmawçanmamı? çıqmawçanmıma?do I usually not go out? | sençıqmawçanmısa?do you usually not go out? | olçıqmawçanmıdı?does he usually not go out? | bizçıqmawçanbızmı? çıqmawçanmıbız?do we usually not go out? | sizçıqmawçanmısız?do you all usually not go out? | alaçıqmawçanmıdıla?do they usually not go out? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olçığıbdıhe has gone out and remains so | alaçığıbdılathey have gone out and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olçığıbmıdı?has he gone out? | alaçığıbmıdıla?have they gone out? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | mençığıb turamaI keep going out | sençığıb turasayou keep going out | olçığıb turadıhe keeps going out | bizçığıb turabızwe keep going out | sizçığıb turasızyou all keep going out | alaçığıb turadılathey keep going out |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mençığıb turmaymaI don't keep going out | sençığıb turmaysayou don't keep going out | olçığıb turmaydıhe doesn't keep going out | bizçığıb turmaybızwe don't keep going out | sizçığıb turmaysızyou all don't keep going out | alaçığıb turmaydılathey don't keep going out |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mençığıb turamamı? çığıb turamıma?do I keep going out? | sençığıb turamısa?do you keep going out? | olçığıb turamıdı?does he keep going out? | bizçığıb turabızmı? çığıb turamıbız?do we keep going out? | sizçığıb turamısız?do you all keep going out? | alaçığıb turamıdıla?do they keep going out? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mençığıb turmaymamı? çığıb turmaymıma?don't I keep going out? | sençığıb turmaymısa?don't you keep going out? | olçığıb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep going out? | bizçığıb turmaybızmı? çığıb turmaymıbız?don't we keep going out? | sizçığıb turmaymısız?don't you all keep going out? | alaçığıb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep going out? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mençığa turamaI am in the middle of going out | sençığa turasayou are in the middle of going out | olçığa turadıhe is in the middle of going out | bizçığa turabızwe are in the middle of going out | sizçığa turasızyou all are in the middle of going out | alaçığa turadılathey are in the middle of going out |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mençığa turmaymaI am not in the middle of going out | sençığa turmaysayou are not in the middle of going out | olçığa turmaydıhe is not in the middle of going out | bizçığa turmaybızwe are not in the middle of going out | sizçığa turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of going out | alaçığa turmaydılathey are not in the middle of going out |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mençığa turamamı? çığa turamıma?am I in the middle of going out? | sençığa turamısa?are you in the middle of going out? | olçığa turamıdı?is he in the middle of going out? | bizçığa turabızmı? çığa turamıbız?are we in the middle of going out? | sizçığa turamısız?are you all in the middle of going out? | alaçığa turamıdıla?are they in the middle of going out? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mençığa turmaymamı? çığa turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of going out? | sençığa turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of going out? | olçığa turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of going out? | bizçığa turmaybızmı? çığa turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of going out? | sizçığa turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of going out? | alaçığa turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of going out? |
| Simple past (definite) | mençıqdımI went out | sençıqdıŋyou went out | olçıqdıhe went out | bizçıqdıqwe went out | sizçıqdığızyou all went out | alaçıqdılathey went out |
| Simple past (definite) | mençıqmadımI didn't go out | sençıqmadıŋyou didn't go out | olçıqmadıhe didn't go out | bizçıqmadıqwe didn't go out | sizçıqmadığızyou all didn't go out | alaçıqmadılathey didn't go out |
| Simple past (definite) | mençıqdımmı?did I go out? | sençıqdıŋmı?did you go out? | olçıqdımı?did he go out? | bizçıqdıqmı?did we go out? | sizçıqdığızmı?did you all go out? | alaçıqdılamı?did they go out? |
| Simple past (definite) | mençıqmadımmı?didn't I go out? | sençıqmadıŋmı?didn't you go out? | olçıqmadımı?didn't he go out? | bizçıqmadıqmı?didn't we go out? | sizçıqmadığızmı?didn't you all go out? | alaçıqmadılamı?didn't they go out? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mençıqğanmaI have gone out | sençıqğansayou have gone out | olçıqğandıhe has gone out | bizçıqğanbızwe have gone out | sizçıqğansızyou all have gone out | alaçıqğandılathey have gone out |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mençıqmağanmaI haven't gone out | sençıqmağansayou haven't gone out | olçıqmağandıhe hasn't gone out | bizçıqmağanbızwe haven't gone out | sizçıqmağansızyou all haven't gone out | alaçıqmağandılathey haven't gone out |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mençıqğanmamı? çıqğanmıma?have I gone out? | sençıqğanmısa?have you gone out? | olçıqğanmıdı?has he gone out? | bizçıqğanbızmı? çıqğanmıbız?have we gone out? | sizçıqğanmısız?have you all gone out? | alaçıqğanmıdıla?have they gone out? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mençıqmağanmamı? çıqmağanmıma?haven't I gone out? | sençıqmağanmısa?haven't you gone out? | olçıqmağanmıdı?hasn't he gone out? | bizçıqmağanbızmı? çıqmağanmıbız?haven't we gone out? | sizçıqmağanmısız?haven't you all gone out? | alaçıqmağanmıdıla?haven't they gone out? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mençığıb turdumI kept going out | sençığıb turduŋyou kept going out | olçığıb turduhe kept going out | bizçığıb turduqwe kept going out | sizçığıb turduğuzyou all kept going out | alaçığıb turdulathey kept going out |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mençığıb turmadımI didn't keep going out | sençığıb turmadıŋyou didn't keep going out | olçığıb turmadıhe didn't keep going out | bizçığıb turmadıqwe didn't keep going out | sizçığıb turmadığızyou all didn't keep going out | alaçığıb turmadılathey didn't keep going out |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | mençığarmaI will go out | sençığarsayou will go out | olçığarhe will go out | bizçığarbızwe will go out | sizçığarsızyou all will go out | alaçığarlathey will go out |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mençıqmazmaI won't go out | sençıqmazsayou won't go out | olçıqmazhe won't go out | bizçıqmazbızwe won't go out | sizçıqmazsızyou all won't go out | alaçıqmazlathey won't go out |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mençığarmamı? çığarmıma?will I go out? | sençığarmısa?will you go out? | olçığarmı?will he go out? | bizçığarbızmı? çığarmıbız?will we go out? | sizçığarmısız?will you all go out? | alaçığarlamı? çığarmıla?will they go out? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mençıqmazmamı? çıqmazmıma?won't I go out? | sençıqmazmısa?won't you go out? | olçıqmazmı?won't he go out? | bizçıqmazbızmı? çıqmazmıbız?won't we go out? | sizçıqmazmısız?won't you all go out? | alaçıqmazlamı? çıqmazmıla?won't they go out? |
| Definite future (future II) | mençığarıqmaI am going to go out | sençığarıqsayou are going to go out | olçığarıqdıhe is going to go out | bizçığarıqbızwe are going to go out | sizçığarıqsızyou all are going to go out | alaçığarıqdılathey are going to go out |
| Definite future (future II) | mençığarıq tülmeI am not going to go out | sençığarıq tülseyou are not going to go out | olçığarıq tüldühe is not going to go out | bizçığarıq tülbüzwe are not going to go out | sizçığarıq tülsüzyou all are not going to go out | alaçığarıq tüldülethey are not going to go out |
| Definite future (future II) | mençığarıqmamı? çığarıqmıma?am I going to go out? | sençığarıqmısa?are you going to go out? | olçığarıqmıdı?is he going to go out? | bizçığarıqbızmı? çığarıqmıbız?are we going to go out? | sizçığarıqmısız?are you all going to go out? | alaçığarıqmıdıla?are they going to go out? |
| Definite future (future II) | mençığarıq tülmüme?aren't I going to go out? | sençığarıq tülmüse?aren't you going to go out? | olçığarıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to go out? | bizçığarıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to go out? | sizçığarıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to go out? | alaçığarıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to go out? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mençıqğan edimçıqğanemI had gone out | sençıqğan ediŋçıqğaneŋyou had gone out | olçıqğan ediçıqğanedhe had gone out | bizçıqğan edikçıqğanekwe had gone out | sizçıqğan edigizçıqğanegizyou all had gone out | alaçıqğan edileçıqğanellethey had gone out |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mençıqmağan edimçıqmağanemI hadn't gone out | sençıqmağan ediŋçıqmağaneŋyou hadn't gone out | olçıqmağan ediçıqmağanedhe hadn't gone out | bizçıqmağan edikçıqmağanekwe hadn't gone out | sizçıqmağan edigizçıqmağanegizyou all hadn't gone out | alaçıqmağan edileçıqmağanellethey hadn't gone out |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mençığa edimçığaemI was going out | sençığa ediŋçığaeŋyou were going out | olçığa ediçığaedhe was going out | bizçığa edikçığaekwe were going out | sizçığa edigizçığaegizyou all were going out | alaçığa edileçığaellethey were going out |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mençıqmay edimçıqmayemI wasn't going out | sençıqmay ediŋçıqmayeŋyou weren't going out | olçıqmay ediçıqmayedhe wasn't going out | bizçıqmay edikçıqmayekwe weren't going out | sizçıqmay edigizçıqmayegizyou all weren't going out | alaçıqmay edileçıqmayellethey weren't going out |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | mençığıwçan edimçığıwçanemI used to go out | sençığıwçan ediŋçığıwçaneŋyou used to go out | olçığıwçan ediçığıwçanedhe used to go out | bizçığıwçan edikçığıwçanekwe used to go out | sizçığıwçan edigizçığıwçanegizyou all used to go out | alaçığıwçan edileçığıwçanellethey used to go out |
| Habitual past (used to) | mençıqmawçan edimçıqmawçanemI didn't use to go out | sençıqmawçan ediŋçıqmawçaneŋyou didn't use to go out | olçıqmawçan ediçıqmawçanedhe didn't use to go out | bizçıqmawçan edikçıqmawçanekwe didn't use to go out | sizçıqmawçan edigizçıqmawçanegizyou all didn't use to go out | alaçıqmawçan edileçıqmawçanellethey didn't use to go out |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olçığıb edihe had gone out and remained so | alaçığıb edilethey had gone out and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olçığıb tül edihe hadn't gone out | alaçığıb tül edilethey hadn't gone out | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mençığıb tura edimçığıb turaemI had kept going out | sençığıb tura ediŋçığıb turaeŋyou had kept going out | olçığıb tura ediçığıb turaedhe had kept going out | bizçığıb tura edikçığıb turaekwe had kept going out | sizçığıb tura edigizçığıb turaegizyou all had kept going out | alaçığıb tura edileçığıb turaellethey had kept going out |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mençığıb turmay edimçığıb turmayemI hadn't kept going out | sençığıb turmay ediŋçığıb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept going out | olçığıb turmay ediçığıb turmayedhe hadn't kept going out | bizçığıb turmay edikçığıb turmayekwe hadn't kept going out | sizçığıb turmay edigizçığıb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept going out | alaçığıb turmay edileçığıb turmayellethey hadn't kept going out |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mençığa tura edimçığa turaemI was in the middle of going out | sençığa tura ediŋçığa turaeŋyou were in the middle of going out | olçığa tura ediçığa turaedhe was in the middle of going out | bizçığa tura edikçığa turaekwe were in the middle of going out | sizçığa tura edigizçığa turaegizyou all were in the middle of going out | alaçığa tura edileçığa turaellethey were in the middle of going out |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mençığa turmay edimçığa turmayemI wasn't in the middle of going out | sençığa turmay ediŋçığa turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of going out | olçığa turmay ediçığa turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of going out | bizçığa turmay edikçığa turmayekwe weren't in the middle of going out | sizçığa turmay edigizçığa turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of going out | alaçığa turmay edileçığa turmayellethey weren't in the middle of going out |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | mençığar edimçığar emI would go out | sençığar ediŋçığar eŋyou would go out | olçığar ediçığar edhe would go out | bizçığar edikçığar ekwe would go out | sizçığar edigizçığar egizyou all would go out | alaçığar edileçığar ellethey would go out |
| Conditional result (would) | mençıqmaz edimçıqmaz emI wouldn't go out | sençıqmaz ediŋçıqmaz eŋyou wouldn't go out | olçıqmaz ediçıqmaz edhe wouldn't go out | bizçıqmaz edikçıqmaz ekwe wouldn't go out | sizçıqmaz edigizçıqmaz egizyou all wouldn't go out | alaçıqmaz edileçıqmaz ellethey wouldn't go out |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | mençığarıq edimçığarıq emI would have gone out | sençığarıq ediŋçığarıq eŋyou would have gone out | olçığarıq ediçığarıq edhe would have gone out | bizçığarıq edikçığarıq ekwe would have gone out | sizçığarıq edigizçığarıq egizyou all would have gone out | alaçığarıq edileçığarıq ellethey would have gone out |
| Past conditional result (would have) | mençığarıq tül edimçığarıq tül emI wouldn't have gone out | sençığarıq tül ediŋçığarıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have gone out | olçığarıq tül ediçığarıq tül edhe wouldn't have gone out | bizçığarıq tül edikçığarıq tül ekwe wouldn't have gone out | sizçığarıq tül edigizçığarıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have gone out | alaçığarıq tül edileçığarıq tül ellethey wouldn't have gone out |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | mençıqsamif I go out | sençıqsaŋif you go out | olçıqsaif he goes out | bizçıqsaqif we go out | sizçıqsağızif you all go out | alaçıqsalaif they go out |
| Conditional | mençıqmasamif I don't go out | sençıqmasaŋif you don't go out | olçıqmasaif he doesn't go out | bizçıqmasaqif we don't go out | sizçıqmasağızif you all don't go out | alaçıqmasalaif they don't go out |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | mençığa esemif I am going out | sençığa eseŋif you are going out | olçığa eseif he is going out | bizçığa esekif we are going out | sizçığa esegizif you all are going out | alaçığa eseleif they are going out |
| Conditional, present real | mençıqmay esemif I am not going out | sençıqmay eseŋif you are not going out | olçıqmay eseif he is not going out | bizçıqmay esekif we are not going out | sizçıqmay esegizif you all are not going out | alaçıqmay eseleif they are not going out |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mençıqsam ediçıqsam edif only I went out | sençıqsaŋ ediçıqsaŋ edif only you went out | olçıqsa ediçıqsaedif only he went out | bizçıqsaq ediçıqsaq edif only we went out | sizçıqsağız ediçıqsağız edif only you all went out | alaçıqsala ediçıqsalaedif only they went out |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mençıqmasam ediçıqmasam edif only I didn't go out | sençıqmasaŋ ediçıqmasaŋ edif only you didn't go out | olçıqmasa ediçıqmasaedif only he didn't go out | bizçıqmasaq ediçıqmasaq edif only we didn't go out | sizçıqmasağız ediçıqmasağız edif only you all didn't go out | alaçıqmasala ediçıqmasalaedif only they didn't go out |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | mençığıb tursamif I carry on going out | sençığıb tursaŋif you carry on going out | olçığıb tursaif he carries on going out | bizçığıb tursaqif we carry on going out | sizçığıb tursağızif you all carry on going out | alaçığıb tursalaif they carry on going out |
| Durative conditional | mençığıb turmasamif I don't carry on going out | sençığıb turmasaŋif you don't carry on going out | olçığıb turmasaif he doesn't carry on going out | bizçığıb turmasaqif we don't carry on going out | sizçığıb turmasağızif you all don't carry on going out | alaçığıb turmasalaif they don't carry on going out |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | mençığıb tura esemif I have kept going out | sençığıb tura eseŋif you have kept going out | olçığıb tura eseif he has kept going out | bizçığıb tura esekif we have kept going out | sizçığıb tura esegizif you all have kept going out | alaçığıb tura eseleif they have kept going out |
| Durative conditional, present real | mençığıb turmay esemif I haven't kept going out | sençığıb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept going out | olçığıb turmay eseif he hasn't kept going out | bizçığıb turmay esekif we haven't kept going out | sizçığıb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept going out | alaçığıb turmay eseleif they haven't kept going out |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | mençığa tursamif I keep going out | sençığa tursaŋif you keep going out | olçığa tursaif he keeps going out | bizçığa tursaqif we keep going out | sizçığa tursağızif you all keep going out | alaçığa tursalaif they keep going out |
| Progressive conditional | mençıqmay tursamif I keep on not going out | sençıqmay tursaŋif you keep on not going out | olçıqmay tursaif he keeps on not going out | bizçıqmay tursaqif we keep on not going out | sizçıqmay tursağızif you all keep on not going out | alaçıqmay tursalaif they keep on not going out |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | mençığa tura esemif I am in the middle of going out | sençığa tura eseŋif you are in the middle of going out | olçığa tura eseif he is in the middle of going out | bizçığa tura esekif we are in the middle of going out | sizçığa tura esegizif you all are in the middle of going out | alaçığa tura eseleif they are in the middle of going out |
| Progressive conditional, present real | mençıqmay tura esemif I keep on not going out | sençıqmay tura eseŋif you keep on not going out | olçıqmay tura eseif he keeps on not going out | bizçıqmay tura esekif we keep on not going out | sizçıqmay tura esegizif you all keep on not going out | alaçıqmay tura eseleif they keep on not going out |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | mençıqdım esemif I went out | sençıqdıŋ eseŋif you went out | olçıqdı eseif he went out | bizçıqdıq esekif we went out | sizçıqdığız esegizif you all went out | alaçıqdıla eseleif they went out |
| Conditional, definite past1 | mençıqmadım esemif I didn't go out | sençıqmadıŋ eseŋif you didn't go out | olçıqmadı eseif he didn't go out | bizçıqmadıq esekif we didn't go out | sizçıqmadığız esegizif you all didn't go out | alaçıqmadıla eseleif they didn't go out |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | mençıqğan esemif I did go out (indeed) | sençıqğan eseŋif you did go out (indeed) | olçıqğan eseif he did go out (indeed) | bizçıqğan esekif we did go out (indeed) | sizçıqğan esegizif you all did go out (indeed) | alaçıqğan eseleif they did go out (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | mençıqmağan esemif I didn't go out (indeed) | sençıqmağan eseŋif you didn't go out (indeed) | olçıqmağan eseif he didn't go out (indeed) | bizçıqmağan esekif we didn't go out (indeed) | sizçıqmağan esegizif you all didn't go out (indeed) | alaçıqmağan eseleif they didn't go out (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | mençıqğan bolsamif I had gone out | sençıqğan bolsaŋif you had gone out | olçıqğan bolsaif he had gone out | bizçıqğan bolsaqif we had gone out | sizçıqğan bolsağızif you all had gone out | alaçıqğan bolsalaif they had gone out |
| Conditional, counterfactual | mençıqmağan bolsamif I hadn't gone out | sençıqmağan bolsaŋif you hadn't gone out | olçıqmağan bolsaif he hadn't gone out | bizçıqmağan bolsaqif we hadn't gone out | sizçıqmağan bolsağızif you all hadn't gone out | alaçıqmağan bolsalaif they hadn't gone out |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mençıqğan bolsam ediçıqğan bolsam edif only I had gone out | sençıqğan bolsaŋ ediçıqğan bolsaŋ edif only you had gone out | olçıqğan bolsa ediçıqğan bolsaedif only he had gone out | bizçıqğan bolsaq ediçıqğan bolsaq edif only we had gone out | sizçıqğan bolsağız ediçıqğan bolsağız edif only you all had gone out | alaçıqğan bolsala ediçıqğan bolsalaedif only they had gone out |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mençıqmağan bolsam ediçıqmağan bolsam edif only I hadn't gone out | sençıqmağan bolsaŋ ediçıqmağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't gone out | olçıqmağan bolsa ediçıqmağan bolsaedif only he hadn't gone out | bizçıqmağan bolsaq ediçıqmağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't gone out | sizçıqmağan bolsağız ediçıqmağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't gone out | alaçıqmağan bolsala ediçıqmağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't gone out |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | mençığar esemif I will go out | sençığar eseŋif you will go out | olçığar eseif he will go out | bizçığar esekif we will go out | sizçığar esegizif you all will go out | alaçığar eseleif they will go out |
| Conditional, aorist | mençıqmaz esemif I won't go out | sençıqmaz eseŋif you won't go out | olçıqmaz eseif he won't go out | bizçıqmaz esekif we won't go out | sizçıqmaz esegizif you all won't go out | alaçıqmaz eseleif they won't go out |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | mençığarıq esemif I am going to go out | sençığarıq eseŋif you are going to go out | olçığarıq eseif he is going to go out | bizçığarıq esekif we are going to go out | sizçığarıq esegizif you all are going to go out | alaçığarıq eseleif they are going to go out |
| Conditional, future | mençığarıq tül esemif I am not going to go out | sençığarıq tül eseŋif you are not going to go out | olçığarıq tül eseif he is not going to go out | bizçığarıq tül esekif we are not going to go out | sizçığarıq tül esegizif you all are not going to go out | alaçığarıq tül eseleif they are not going to go out |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mençığarıq bolsamif I were going to go out | sençığarıq bolsaŋif you were going to go out | olçığarıq bolsaif he were going to go out | bizçığarıq bolsaqif we were going to go out | sizçığarıq bolsağızif you all were going to go out | alaçığarıq bolsalaif they were going to go out |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mençıqmazlıq bolsamif I were not going to go out | sençıqmazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to go out | olçıqmazlıq bolsaif he were not going to go out | bizçıqmazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to go out | sizçıqmazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to go out | alaçıqmazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to go out |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso çıqdıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mençığa bolurmaI must be going out | sençığa bolursayou must be going out | olçığa bolurhe must be going out | bizçığa bolurbuzwe must be going out | sizçığa bolursuzyou all must be going out | alaçığa bolurlathey must be going out |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mençıqmay bolurmaI must not be going out | sençıqmay bolursayou must not be going out | olçıqmay bolurhe must not be going out | bizçıqmay bolurbuzwe must not be going out | sizçıqmay bolursuzyou all must not be going out | alaçıqmay bolurlathey must not be going out |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mençığa tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of going out | sençığa tura bolursayou must be in the middle of going out | olçığa tura bolurhe must be in the middle of going out | bizçığa tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of going out | sizçığa tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of going out | alaçığa tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of going out |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mençıqmay tura bolurmaI must keep on not going out | sençıqmay tura bolursayou must keep on not going out | olçıqmay tura bolurhe must keep on not going out | bizçıqmay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not going out | sizçıqmay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not going out | alaçıqmay tura bolurlathey must keep on not going out |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | mençıqğan bolurmaI must have gone out | sençıqğan bolursayou must have gone out | olçıqğan bolurhe must have gone out | bizçıqğan bolurbuzwe must have gone out | sizçıqğan bolursuzyou all must have gone out | alaçıqğan bolurlathey must have gone out |
| Inference (must have) | mençıqmağan bolurmaI must not have gone out | sençıqmağan bolursayou must not have gone out | olçıqmağan bolurhe must not have gone out | bizçıqmağan bolurbuzwe must not have gone out | sizçıqmağan bolursuzyou all must not have gone out | alaçıqmağan bolurlathey must not have gone out |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mençığarıq bolurmaI must be going to go out | sençığarıq bolursayou must be going to go out | olçığarıq bolurhe must be going to go out | bizçığarıq bolurbuzwe must be going to go out | sizçığarıq bolursuzyou all must be going to go out | alaçığarıq bolurlathey must be going to go out |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mençıqmazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to go out | sençıqmazlıq bolursayou must not be going to go out | olçıqmazlıq bolurhe must not be going to go out | bizçıqmazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to go out | sizçıqmazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to go out | alaçıqmazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to go out |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | mençığayımlet me go out | sençıq!go out! | olçıqsınlet him go out | bizçığayıqlet's go out | sizçığığız!go out, you all! | alaçıqsınlalet them go out |
| Commands & suggestions | mençıqmayımlet me not go out | sençıqma!don't go out! | olçıqmasınlet him not go out | bizçıqmayıqlet's not go out | sizçıqmağız!don't go out, you all! | alaçıqmasınlalet them not go out |
| Commands & suggestions | mençığayımmı?shall I go out? | olçıqsınmı?should he go out? | bizçığayıqmı?shall we go out? | alaçıqsınlamı?should they go out? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | mençıqmayımmı?shall I not go out? | olçıqmasınmı?should he not go out? | bizçıqmayıqmı?shall we not go out? | alaçıqmasınlamı?should they not go out? | ||
| Requests | sençıqçı2çıqçınplease go out | olçıqsınçıdo let him go out | sizçıqçığızplease go out (plural/polite) | alaçıqsınlaçıdo let them go out | ||
| Requests | sençıqmaçı2çıqmaçınplease don't go out | olçıqmasınçıdo let him not go out | sizçıqmaçığızplease don't go out (plural/polite) | alaçıqmasınlaçıdo let them not go out | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sençıqğınçıqğımay you go out | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sençıqmağınçıqmağımay you not go out | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mençıqğay edim çıqğa edimwould that I went out | sençıqğay ediŋ çıqğa ediŋwould that you went out | olçıqğay edi çıqğa ediwould that he went out | bizçıqğay edik çıqğa edikwould that we went out | sizçıqğay edigiz çıqğa edigizwould that you all went out | alaçıqğay edile çıqğa edilewould that they went out |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mençıqmağay edim çıqmağa edimwould that I did not go out | sençıqmağay ediŋ çıqmağa ediŋwould that you did not go out | olçıqmağay edi çıqmağa ediwould that he did not go out | bizçıqmağay edik çıqmağa edikwould that we did not go out | sizçıqmağay edigiz çıqmağa edigizwould that you all did not go out | alaçıqmağay edile çıqmağa edilewould that they did not go out |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | mençıqmağa qoyayımçıqma qoyayımlet me allow someone to go out | sençıqmağa qoy!çıqma qoy!let someone go out! | olçıqmağa qoysunçıqma qoysunlet him allow someone to go out | bizçıqmağa qoyayıqçıqma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to go out | sizçıqmağa qoyuğuz!çıqma qoyuğuz!let someone go out, you all! | alaçıqmağa qoysunlaçıqma qoysunlalet them allow someone to go out |
| Let someone… (commands) | mençıqmağa qoymayımçıqma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to go out | sençıqmağa qoyma!çıqma qoyma!don't let someone go out! | olçıqmağa qoymasınçıqma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to go out | bizçıqmağa qoymayıqçıqma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to go out | sizçıqmağa qoymağız!çıqma qoymağız!don't let someone go out, you all! | alaçıqmağa qoymasınlaçıqma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to go out |
| Let someone… (commands) | mençıqmağa qoyayımmı?çıqma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to go out? | olçıqmağa qoysunmu?çıqma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to go out? | bizçıqmağa qoyayıqmı?çıqma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to go out? | alaçıqmağa qoysunlamı?çıqma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to go out? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | mençıqmağa qoymayımmı?çıqma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to go out? | olçıqmağa qoymasınmı?çıqma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to go out? | bizçıqmağa qoymayıqmı?çıqma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to go out? | alaçıqmağa qoymasınlamı?çıqma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to go out? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | mençıqmağa qoyamaçıqma qoyamaI allow someone to go out | sençıqmağa qoyasaçıqma qoyasayou allow someone to go out | olçıqmağa qoyadıçıqma qoyadıhe allows someone to go out | bizçıqmağa qoyabızçıqma qoyabızwe allow someone to go out | sizçıqmağa qoyasızçıqma qoyasızyou all allow someone to go out | alaçıqmağa qoyadılaçıqma qoyadılathey allow someone to go out |
| Let someone… (present) | mençıqmağa qoymaymaçıqma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to go out | sençıqmağa qoymaysaçıqma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to go out | olçıqmağa qoymaydıçıqma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to go out | bizçıqmağa qoymaybızçıqma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to go out | sizçıqmağa qoymaysızçıqma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to go out | alaçıqmağa qoymaydılaçıqma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to go out |
| Let someone… (present) | mençıqmağa qoyamamı?çıqma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to go out? | sençıqmağa qoyamısa?çıqma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to go out? | olçıqmağa qoyamıdı?çıqma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to go out? | bizçıqmağa qoyabızmı?çıqma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to go out? | sizçıqmağa qoyamısız?çıqma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to go out? | alaçıqmağa qoyamıdıla?çıqma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to go out? |
| Let someone… (present) | mençıqmağa qoymaymamı?çıqma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to go out? | sençıqmağa qoymaymısa?çıqma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to go out? | olçıqmağa qoymaymıdı?çıqma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to go out? | bizçıqmağa qoymaybızmı?çıqma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to go out? | sizçıqmağa qoymaymısız?çıqma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to go out? | alaçıqmağa qoymaymıdıla?çıqma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to go out? |
| Let someone… (past) | mençıqmağa qoydumçıqma qoydumI allowed someone to go out | sençıqmağa qoyduŋçıqma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to go out | olçıqmağa qoyduçıqma qoyduhe allowed someone to go out | bizçıqmağa qoyduqçıqma qoyduqwe allowed someone to go out | sizçıqmağa qoyduğuzçıqma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to go out | alaçıqmağa qoydulaçıqma qoydulathey allowed someone to go out |
| Let someone… (past) | mençıqmağa qoymadımçıqma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to go out | sençıqmağa qoymadıŋçıqma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to go out | olçıqmağa qoymadıçıqma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to go out | bizçıqmağa qoymadıqçıqma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to go out | sizçıqmağa qoymadığızçıqma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to go out | alaçıqmağa qoymadılaçıqma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to go out |
| Let someone… (past) | mençıqmağa qoydummu?çıqma qoydummu?did I allow someone to go out? | sençıqmağa qoyduŋmu?çıqma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to go out? | olçıqmağa qoydumu?çıqma qoydumu?did he allow someone to go out? | bizçıqmağa qoyduqmu?çıqma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to go out? | sizçıqmağa qoyduğuzmu?çıqma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to go out? | alaçıqmağa qoydulamı?çıqma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to go out? |
| Let someone… (past) | mençıqmağa qoymadımmı?çıqma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to go out? | sençıqmağa qoymadıŋmı?çıqma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to go out? | olçıqmağa qoymadımı?çıqma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to go out? | bizçıqmağa qoymadıqmı?çıqma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to go out? | sizçıqmağa qoymadığızmı?çıqma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to go out? | alaçıqmağa qoymadılamı?çıqma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to go out? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
çığalırğa be able to go out · çığalmazğa be unable to go out
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | mençığalamaI can go out | sençığalasayou can go out | olçığaladıhe can go out | bizçığalabızwe can go out | sizçığalasızyou all can go out | alaçığaladılathey can go out |
| Ability — present | mençığalmaymaI can't go out | sençığalmaysayou can't go out | olçığalmaydıhe can't go out | bizçığalmaybızwe can't go out | sizçığalmaysızyou all can't go out | alaçığalmaydılathey can't go out |
| Ability — present | mençığalamamı? çığalamıma?can I go out? | sençığalamısa?can you go out? | olçığalamıdı?can he go out? | bizçığalabızmı? çığalamıbız?can we go out? | sizçığalamısız?can you all go out? | alaçığalamıdıla?can they go out? |
| Ability — present | mençığalmaymamı? çığalmaymıma?can't I go out? | sençığalmaymısa?can't you go out? | olçığalmaymıdı?can't he go out? | bizçığalmaybızmı? çığalmaymıbız?can't we go out? | sizçığalmaymısız?can't you all go out? | alaçığalmaymıdıla?can't they go out? |
| Ability — if I can… | mençığalsamif I can go out | sençığalsaŋif you can go out | olçığalsaif he can go out | bizçığalsaqif we can go out | sizçığalsağızif you all can go out | alaçığalsalaif they can go out |
| Ability — if I can… | mençığalmasamif I can't go out | sençığalmasaŋif you can't go out | olçığalmasaif he can't go out | bizçığalmasaqif we can't go out | sizçığalmasağızif you all can't go out | alaçığalmasalaif they can't go out |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | mençığaldımI was able to go out | sençığaldıŋyou were able to go out | olçığaldıhe was able to go out | bizçığaldıqwe were able to go out | sizçığaldığızyou all were able to go out | alaçığaldılathey were able to go out |
| Ability — simple past | mençığalmadımI could not go out | sençığalmadıŋyou could not go out | olçığalmadıhe could not go out | bizçığalmadıqwe could not go out | sizçığalmadığızyou all could not go out | alaçığalmadılathey could not go out |
| Ability — simple past | mençığaldımmı?was I able to go out? | sençığaldıŋmı?were you able to go out? | olçığaldımı?was he able to go out? | bizçığaldıqmı?were we able to go out? | sizçığaldığızmı?were you all able to go out? | alaçığaldılamı?were they able to go out? |
| Ability — simple past | mençığalmadımmı?couldn't I go out? | sençığalmadıŋmı?couldn't you go out? | olçığalmadımı?couldn't he go out? | bizçığalmadıqmı?couldn't we go out? | sizçığalmadığızmı?couldn't you all go out? | alaçığalmadılamı?couldn't they go out? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mençığalğanmaI have been able to go out | sençığalğansayou have been able to go out | olçığalğandıhe has been able to go out | bizçığalğanbızwe have been able to go out | sizçığalğansızyou all have been able to go out | alaçığalğandılathey have been able to go out |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mençığalmağanmaI haven't been able to go out | sençığalmağansayou haven't been able to go out | olçığalmağandıhe hasn't been able to go out | bizçığalmağanbızwe haven't been able to go out | sizçığalmağansızyou all haven't been able to go out | alaçığalmağandılathey haven't been able to go out |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mençığalğanmamı? çığalğanmıma?have I been able to go out? | sençığalğanmısa?have you been able to go out? | olçığalğanmıdı?has he been able to go out? | bizçığalğanbızmı? çığalğanmıbız?have we been able to go out? | sizçığalğanmısız?have you all been able to go out? | alaçığalğanmıdıla?have they been able to go out? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mençığalmağanmamı? çığalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to go out? | sençığalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to go out? | olçığalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to go out? | bizçığalmağanbızmı? çığalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to go out? | sizçığalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to go out? | alaçığalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to go out? |
| Ability — past perfect | mençığalğan edimçığalğanemI had been able to go out | sençığalğan ediŋçığalğaneŋyou had been able to go out | olçığalğan ediçığalğanedhe had been able to go out | bizçığalğan edikçığalğanekwe had been able to go out | sizçığalğan edigizçığalğanegizyou all had been able to go out | alaçığalğan edileçığalğanellethey had been able to go out |
| Ability — past perfect | mençığalmağan edimçığalmağanemI hadn't been able to go out | sençığalmağan ediŋçığalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to go out | olçığalmağan ediçığalmağanedhe hadn't been able to go out | bizçığalmağan edikçığalmağanekwe hadn't been able to go out | sizçığalmağan edigizçığalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to go out | alaçığalmağan edileçığalmağanellethey hadn't been able to go out |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | mençığala edimçığalaemI could go out | sençığala ediŋçığalaeŋyou could go out | olçığala ediçığalaedhe could go out | bizçığala edikçığalaekwe could go out | sizçığala edigizçığalaegizyou all could go out | alaçığala edileçığalaellethey could go out |
| Ability — past background | mençığalmay edimçığalmayemI could not go out | sençığalmay ediŋçığalmayeŋyou could not go out | olçığalmay ediçığalmayedhe could not go out | bizçığalmay edikçığalmayekwe could not go out | sizçığalmay edigizçığalmayegizyou all could not go out | alaçığalmay edileçığalmayellethey could not go out |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | mençığalırmaI will be able to go out | sençığalırsayou will be able to go out | olçığalırhe will be able to go out | bizçığalırbızwe will be able to go out | sizçığalırsızyou all will be able to go out | alaçığalırlathey will be able to go out |
| Ability — future I | mençığalmazmaI won't be able to go out | sençığalmazsayou won't be able to go out | olçığalmazhe won't be able to go out | bizçığalmazbızwe won't be able to go out | sizçığalmazsızyou all won't be able to go out | alaçığalmazlathey won't be able to go out |
| Ability — future I | mençığalırmamı? çığalırmıma?will I be able to go out? | sençığalırmısa?will you be able to go out? | olçığalırmı?will he be able to go out? | bizçığalırbızmı? çığalırmıbız?will we be able to go out? | sizçığalırmısız?will you all be able to go out? | alaçığalırlamı? çığalırmıla?will they be able to go out? |
| Ability — future I | mençığalmazmamı? çığalmazmıma?won't I be able to go out? | sençığalmazmısa?won't you be able to go out? | olçığalmazmı?won't he be able to go out? | bizçığalmazbızmı? çığalmazmıbız?won't we be able to go out? | sizçığalmazmısız?won't you all be able to go out? | alaçığalmazlamı? çığalmazmıla?won't they be able to go out? |
| Ability — future II | mençığallıqmaI am going to be able to go out | sençığallıqsayou are going to be able to go out | olçığallıqdıhe is going to be able to go out | bizçığallıqbızwe are going to be able to go out | sizçığallıqsızyou all are going to be able to go out | alaçığallıqdılathey are going to be able to go out |
| Ability — future II | mençığallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to go out | sençığallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to go out | olçığallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to go out | bizçığallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to go out | sizçığallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to go out | alaçığallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to go out |
| Ability — future II | mençığallıqmamı? çığallıqmıma?am I going to be able to go out? | sençığallıqmısa?are you going to be able to go out? | olçığallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to go out? | bizçığallıqbızmı? çığallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to go out? | sizçığallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to go out? | alaçığallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to go out? |
| Ability — future II | mençığallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to go out? | sençığallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to go out? | olçığallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to go out? | bizçığallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to go out? | sizçığallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to go out? | alaçığallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to go out? |
| Ability — would be able to… | mençığalır edimçığalır emI would be able to go out | sençığalır ediŋçığalır eŋyou would be able to go out | olçığalır ediçığalır edhe would be able to go out | bizçığalır edikçığalır ekwe would be able to go out | sizçığalır edigizçığalır egizyou all would be able to go out | alaçığalır edileçığalır ellethey would be able to go out |
| Ability — would be able to… | mençığalmaz edimçığalmaz emI wouldn't be able to go out | sençığalmaz ediŋçığalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to go out | olçığalmaz ediçığalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to go out | bizçığalmaz edikçığalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to go out | sizçığalmaz edigizçığalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to go out | alaçığalmaz edileçığalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to go out |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sençığalğınçığalğımay you be able to go out | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sençığalmağınçığalmağımay you not be able to go out | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | mençığarğa izleymeI want to go out | sençığarğa izleyseyou want to go out | olçığarğa izleydihe wants to go out | bizçığarğa izleybizwe want to go out | sizçığarğa izleysizyou all want to go out | alaçığarğa izleydilethey want to go out |
| want to | mençığarğa izlemeymeI do not want to go out | sençığarğa izlemeyseyou do not want to go out | olçığarğa izlemeydihe does not want to go out | bizçığarğa izlemeybizwe do not want to go out | sizçığarğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to go out | alaçığarğa izlemeydilethey do not want to go out |
| would like to | mençığarğa süemeI would like to go out | sençığarğa süeseyou would like to go out | olçığarğa süedihe would like to go out | bizçığarğa süebizwe would like to go out | sizçığarğa süesizyou all would like to go out | alaçığarğa süedilethey would like to go out |
| would like to | mençığarğa süymeymeI would not like to go out | sençığarğa süymeyseyou would not like to go out | olçığarğa süymeydihe would not like to go out | bizçığarğa süymeybizwe would not like to go out | sizçığarğa süymeysizyou all would not like to go out | alaçığarğa süymeydilethey would not like to go out |
| hope to | mençığarğa umutlanamaI hope to go out | sençığarğa umutlanasayou hope to go out | olçığarğa umutlanadıhe hopes to go out | bizçığarğa umutlanabızwe hope to go out | sizçığarğa umutlanasızyou all hope to go out | alaçığarğa umutlanadılathey hope to go out |
| hope to | mençığarğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to go out | sençığarğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to go out | olçığarğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to go out | bizçığarğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to go out | sizçığarğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to go out | alaçığarğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to go out |
| be about to | mençığarğa deb turamaI am about to go out | sençığarğa deb turasayou are about to go out | olçığarğa deb turadıhe is about to go out | bizçığarğa deb turabızwe are about to go out | sizçığarğa deb turasızyou all are about to go out | alaçığarğa deb turadılathey are about to go out |
| be about to | mençığarğa deb turmaymaI am not about to go out | sençığarğa deb turmaysayou are not about to go out | olçığarğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to go out | bizçığarğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to go out | sizçığarğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to go out | alaçığarğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to go out |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | mençığarğa kerekmeI need to go out | sençığarğa kerekseyou need to go out | olçığarğa kerekdihe needs to go out | bizçığarğa kerekbizwe need to go out | sizçığarğa kereksizyou all need to go out | alaçığarğa kerekdilethey need to go out |
| need to | mençığarğa kerek tülmeI do not need to go out | sençığarğa kerek tülseyou do not need to go out | olçığarğa kerek tüldühe does not need to go out | bizçığarğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to go out | sizçığarğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to go out | alaçığarğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to go out |
| have to | menmenŋe çığarğa tüşediI have to go out | sensenŋe çığarğa tüşediyou have to go out | olaŋa çığarğa tüşedihe has to go out | bizbizge çığarğa tüşediwe have to go out | sizsizge çığarğa tüşediyou all have to go out | alaalağa çığarğa tüşedithey have to go out |
| have to | menmenŋe çığarğa tüşmeydiI do not have to go out | sensenŋe çığarğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to go out | olaŋa çığarğa tüşmeydihe does not have to go out | bizbizge çığarğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to go out | sizsizge çığarğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to go out | alaalağa çığarğa tüşmeydithey do not have to go out |
| be obliged to | mençığarğa borçlumaI am obliged to go out | sençığarğa borçlusayou are obliged to go out | olçığarğa borçluduhe is obliged to go out | bizçığarğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to go out | sizçığarğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to go out | alaçığarğa borçludulathey are obliged to go out |
| be obliged to | mençığarğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to go out | sençığarğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to go out | olçığarğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to go out | bizçığarğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to go out | sizçığarğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to go out | alaçığarğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to go out |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | mençığarğa madarım bardıI have a way to go out | sençığarğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to go out | olçığarğa madarı bardıhe has a way to go out | bizçığarğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to go out | sizçığarğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to go out | alaçığarğa madarları bardıthey have a way to go out |
| have a way to | mençığarğa madarım joqduI have no way to go out | sençığarğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to go out | olçığarğa madarı joqduhe has no way to go out | bizçığarğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to go out | sizçığarğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to go out | alaçığarğa madarları joqduthey have no way to go out |
| be free to | mençığarğa erkinligim bardıI am free to go out | sençığarğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to go out | olçığarğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to go out | bizçığarğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to go out | sizçığarğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to go out | alaçığarğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to go out |
| be free to | mençığarğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to go out | sençığarğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to go out | olçığarğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to go out | bizçığarğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to go out | sizçığarğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to go out | alaçığarğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to go out |
| be possible to | menmenŋe çığarğa bolluqduit is possible for me to go out | sensenŋe çığarğa bolluqduit is possible for you to go out | olaŋa çığarğa bolluqduit is possible for him to go out | bizbizge çığarğa bolluqduit is possible for us to go out | sizsizge çığarğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to go out | alaalağa çığarğa bolluqduit is possible for them to go out |
| be possible to | menmenŋe çığarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to go out | sensenŋe çığarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to go out | olaŋa çığarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to go out | bizbizge çığarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to go out | sizsizge çığarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to go out | alaalağa çığarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to go out |
| be ready to | mençığarğa hazırmaI am ready to go out | sençığarğa hazırsayou are ready to go out | olçığarğa hazırdıhe is ready to go out | bizçığarğa hazırbızwe are ready to go out | sizçığarğa hazırsızyou all are ready to go out | alaçığarğa hazırdılathey are ready to go out |
| be ready to | mençığarğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to go out | sençığarğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to go out | olçığarğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to go out | bizçığarğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to go out | sizçığarğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to go out | alaçığarğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to go out |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | mençığarğa küreşemeI am trying to go out | sençığarğa küreşeseyou are trying to go out | olçığarğa küreşedihe is trying to go out | bizçığarğa küreşebizwe are trying to go out | sizçığarğa küreşesizyou all are trying to go out | alaçığarğa küreşedilethey are trying to go out |
| try to | mençığarğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to go out | sençığarğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to go out | olçığarğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to go out | bizçığarğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to go out | sizçığarğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to go out | alaçığarğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to go out |
| agree to | mençığarğa unaymaI agree to go out | sençığarğa unaysayou agree to go out | olçığarğa unaydıhe agrees to go out | bizçığarğa unaybızwe agree to go out | sizçığarğa unaysızyou all agree to go out | alaçığarğa unaydılathey agree to go out |
| agree to | mençığarğa unamaymaI refuse to go out | sençığarğa unamaysayou refuse to go out | olçığarğa unamaydıhe refuses to go out | bizçığarğa unamaybızwe refuse to go out | sizçığarğa unamaysızyou all refuse to go out | alaçığarğa unamaydılathey refuse to go out |
| hurry to | mençığarğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to go out | sençığarğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to go out | olçığarğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to go out | bizçığarğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to go out | sizçığarğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to go out | alaçığarğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to go out |
| hurry to | mençığarğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to go out | sençığarğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to go out | olçığarğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to go out | bizçığarğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to go out | sizçığarğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to go out | alaçığarğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to go out |
| be afraid to | mençığarğa qorqamaI am afraid to go out | sençığarğa qorqasayou are afraid to go out | olçığarğa qorqadıhe is afraid to go out | bizçığarğa qorqabızwe are afraid to go out | sizçığarğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to go out | alaçığarğa qorqadılathey are afraid to go out |
| be afraid to | mençığarğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to go out | sençığarğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to go out | olçığarğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to go out | bizçığarğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to go out | sizçığarğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to go out | alaçığarğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to go out |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | mençığa bolmazmaI can't be going out | sençığa bolmazsayou can't be going out | olçığa bolmazhe can't be going out | bizçığa bolmazbızwe can't be going out | sizçığa bolmazsızyou all can't be going out | alaçığa bolmazlathey can't be going out |
| Inference, present — double negation | mençıqmay bolmazmaI must be going out (emphatic) | sençıqmay bolmazsayou must be going out (emphatic) | olçıqmay bolmazhe must be going out (emphatic) | bizçıqmay bolmazbızwe must be going out (emphatic) | sizçıqmay bolmazsızyou all must be going out (emphatic) | alaçıqmay bolmazlathey must be going out (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | mençığa turmasamif I don't keep going out | sençığa turmasaŋif you don't keep going out | olçığa turmasaif he doesn't keep going out | bizçığa turmasaqif we don't keep going out | sizçığa turmasağızif you all don't keep going out | alaçığa turmasalaif they don't keep going out |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | mençığa tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of going out | sençığa tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of going out | olçığa tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of going out | bizçığa tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of going out | sizçığa tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of going out | alaçığa tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of going out |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | mençıqmay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not going out (emphatic) | sençıqmay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not going out (emphatic) | olçıqmay tura bolmazhe must keep on not going out (emphatic) | bizçıqmay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not going out (emphatic) | sizçıqmay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not going out (emphatic) | alaçıqmay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not going out (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | mençıqmay turamaI keep on not going out | sençıqmay turasayou keep on not going out | olçıqmay turadıhe keeps on not going out | bizçıqmay turabızwe keep on not going out | sizçıqmay turasızyou all keep on not going out | alaçıqmay turadılathey keep on not going out |
| Progressive — double negation | mençıqmay turmaymaI am not keeping on not going out | sençıqmay turmaysayou are not keeping on not going out | olçıqmay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not going out | bizçıqmay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not going out | sizçıqmay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not going out | alaçıqmay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not going out |
| Progressive — double negation | mençıqmay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not going out? | sençıqmay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not going out? | olçıqmay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not going out? | bizçıqmay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not going out? | sizçıqmay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not going out? | alaçıqmay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not going out? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | mençıqğan bolmazmaI can't have gone out | sençıqğan bolmazsayou can't have gone out | olçıqğan bolmazhe can't have gone out | bizçıqğan bolmazbızwe can't have gone out | sizçıqğan bolmazsızyou all can't have gone out | alaçıqğan bolmazlathey can't have gone out |
| Inference — double negation | mençıqmağan bolmazmaI must have gone out (emphatic) | sençıqmağan bolmazsayou must have gone out (emphatic) | olçıqmağan bolmazhe must have gone out (emphatic) | bizçıqmağan bolmazbızwe must have gone out (emphatic) | sizçıqmağan bolmazsızyou all must have gone out (emphatic) | alaçıqmağan bolmazlathey must have gone out (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | mençıqğan bolmasamif it weren't that I had gone out | sençıqğan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had gone out | olçıqğan bolmasaif it weren't that he had gone out | bizçıqğan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had gone out | sizçıqğan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had gone out | alaçıqğan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had gone out |
| Counterfactual — double negation | mençıqmağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't gone out | sençıqmağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't gone out | olçıqmağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't gone out | bizçıqmağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't gone out | sizçıqmağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't gone out | alaçıqmağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't gone out |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | mençığarıq bolmazmaI can't be going to go out | sençığarıq bolmazsayou can't be going to go out | olçığarıq bolmazhe can't be going to go out | bizçığarıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to go out | sizçığarıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to go out | alaçığarıq bolmazlathey can't be going to go out |
| Inference, future — double negation | mençıqmazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to go out (emphatic) | sençıqmazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to go out (emphatic) | olçıqmazlıq bolmazhe must be going to go out (emphatic) | bizçıqmazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to go out (emphatic) | sizçıqmazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to go out (emphatic) | alaçıqmazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to go out (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | mençığarıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to go out | sençığarıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to go out | olçığarıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to go out | bizçığarıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to go out | sizçığarıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to go out | alaçığarıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to go out |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | mençıqmazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to go out | sençıqmazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to go out | olçıqmazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to go out | bizçıqmazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to go out | sizçıqmazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to go out | alaçıqmazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to go out |