çıqğan
/tʃɯqʁan/ · plural çıqğanla
past participle of çığarğa →
1. someone's going out, the fact that someone goes out; that someone goes out — This is the possessed form çıqğanı, a whole clause used as a noun. After a verb like bilirge it reads as "that …". çıqğanın is the possessed form with an object ending, not the accusative of the bare çıqğan.
- anı üyden çıqğanın kördüm — I saw him going out of the house
- nek çıqğanın Allahdı bilgen — it is God who knows why it came about
- Bilmeymisiz qayğı çıqğanın qaydan? — don't you know where the trouble came from?
2. origin, descent; emergence — çıqğanı qaydandı asks where someone comes from.
- Anı çıqğanı qaydandı? — where does he come from?
- halqnı çıqğanı — the origin of the people
- tilni çıqğanı — the emergence of language
- jerni üsünde jaşawnu çıqğanı — the origin of life on earth
3. issue, publication, release (of a newspaper or products)
- gazetni çıqğanı — the publication of the newspaper
- kitabnı çıqğanın saqlaybız — we are waiting for the book's release
4. sprouting of seeds, shoots; rising of the sun, sunrise
- künnü çıqğanın saqlarğa — to wait for the sunrise
- urluqnu çıqğanı igidi — the sprouting of the seeds is good
- künnü bathanı, aynı çıqğanı — the setting of the sun, the rising of the moon
Expressions
- awuzundan çıqğan jel — spoken word
- ayaq tübünden jel çıqğan — one and all
- közü çıqğan qaşına ırıslar — dread further loss
- küygen üyden çıqğan kibik — destitute
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | çıqğanthe someone's going out | çıqğanımmy someone's going out | çıqğanıŋyour someone's going out | çıqğanıhis someone's going out | çıqğanıbızour someone's going out | çıqğanığızyou all's someone's going out | çıqğanlarıtheir someone's going outs |
| Genitive | çıqğannıthe someone's going out's | çıqğanımımy someone's going out's | çıqğanıŋıyour someone's going out's | çıqğanınıhis someone's going out's | çıqğanıbıznıour someone's going out's | çıqğanığıznıyou all's someone's going out's | çıqğanlarınıtheir someone's going outs' |
| Accusative | çıqğannıthe someone's going out (as the object) | çıqğanımımy someone's going out (as the object) | çıqğanıŋıyour someone's going out (as the object) | çıqğanınhis someone's going out (as the object) | çıqğanıbıznıour someone's going out (as the object) | çıqğanığıznıyou all's someone's going out (as the object) | çıqğanlarıntheir someone's going outs (as the object) |
| Dative | çıqğanŋato the someone's going out | çıqğanımato my someone's going out | çıqğanıŋato your someone's going out | çıqğanınato his someone's going out | çıqğanıbızğato our someone's going out | çıqğanığızğato you all's someone's going out | çıqğanlarınato their someone's going outs |
| Locative | çıqğandain / at the someone's going out | çıqğanımdain / at my someone's going out | çıqğanıŋdain / at your someone's going out | çıqğanındain / at his someone's going out | çıqğanıbızdain / at our someone's going out | çıqğanığızdain / at you all's someone's going out | çıqğanlarındain / at their someone's going outs |
| Ablative | çıqğandanfrom the someone's going out | çıqğanımdanfrom my someone's going out | çıqğanıŋdanfrom your someone's going out | çıqğanındanfrom his someone's going out | çıqğanıbızdanfrom our someone's going out | çıqğanığızdanfrom you all's someone's going out | çıqğanlarındanfrom their someone's going outs |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | çıqğanlathe someone's going outs | çıqğanlarımmy someone's going outs | çıqğanlarıŋyour someone's going outs | çıqğanlarıhis someone's going outs | çıqğanlarıbızour someone's going outs | çıqğanlarığızyou all's someone's going outs | çıqğanlarıtheir someone's going outs |
| Genitive | çıqğanlanıthe someone's going outs' | çıqğanlarımımy someone's going outs' | çıqğanlarıŋıyour someone's going outs' | çıqğanlarınıhis someone's going outs' | çıqğanlarıbıznıour someone's going outs' | çıqğanlarığıznıyou all's someone's going outs' | çıqğanlarınıtheir someone's going outs' |
| Accusative | çıqğanlanıthe someone's going outs (as the object) | çıqğanlarımımy someone's going outs (as the object) | çıqğanlarıŋıyour someone's going outs (as the object) | çıqğanlarınhis someone's going outs (as the object) | çıqğanlarıbıznıour someone's going outs (as the object) | çıqğanlarığıznıyou all's someone's going outs (as the object) | çıqğanlarıntheir someone's going outs (as the object) |
| Dative | çıqğanlağato the someone's going outs | çıqğanlarımato my someone's going outs | çıqğanlarıŋato your someone's going outs | çıqğanlarınato his someone's going outs | çıqğanlarıbızğato our someone's going outs | çıqğanlarığızğato you all's someone's going outs | çıqğanlarınato their someone's going outs |
| Locative | çıqğanladain / at the someone's going outs | çıqğanlarımdain / at my someone's going outs | çıqğanlarıŋdain / at your someone's going outs | çıqğanlarındain / at his someone's going outs | çıqğanlarıbızdain / at our someone's going outs | çıqğanlarığızdain / at you all's someone's going outs | çıqğanlarındain / at their someone's going outs |
| Ablative | çıqğanladanfrom the someone's going outs | çıqğanlarımdanfrom my someone's going outs | çıqğanlarıŋdanfrom your someone's going outs | çıqğanlarındanfrom his someone's going outs | çıqğanlarıbızdanfrom our someone's going outs | çıqğanlarığızdanfrom you all's someone's going outs | çıqğanlarındanfrom their someone's going outs |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: çıqğanları can mean "his / her someone's going outs", "their someone's going out", or "their someone's going outs" — context decides.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.
Which reading? Look at what follows.
| çıqğan + noun | the one who goes out (the noun is the doer) |
|---|---|
| çıqğanı, nothing after | someone's going out |
| çıqğanı under bilirge, körürge | that someone goes out |
Cases with an owner
The endings on çıqğanı, the form with a third-person owner. Every other owner takes the same six.
| nominative | çıqğanıhis / her having gone out |
|---|---|
| genitive | çıqğanınıhis / her having gone out's |
| accusative | çıqğanınhis / her having gone out |
| dative | çıqğanınato his / her having gone out |
| locative | çıqğanındawhen he / she went out |
| ablative | çıqğanındanafter he / she went out |
Negative
| the negative | çıqmağanthe one that didn't go out |
|---|---|
| his / her | çıqmağanıhis / her not having gone out |