berirge
/berirɡe/
1. give, hand over — Also used for giving a child into someone's care, giving food or fodder, and handing something to someone.
- senŋe bereme — I am giving it to you
- bermeyme! — I won't give it!
- menŋe suw ber! — give me water!
- aş berirge — to give feed
- asırarğa berirge — to give into someone's keeping
- juwab berirge — to give an answer
- buyruq berirge — to give an order
- erge berirge — to give in marriage
2. present, award, confer
- sawğa berirge — to present a gift
- orden berirge — to award an order
- çın berirge — to confer a rank
- at berirge — to confer a name
3. endow, bestow — Nature or fate endows a person with a talent or quality.
- tabiğat anŋa pahmu bergendi — nature endowed him with talent
- tabiğat anŋa ariw awaz bergendi — nature endowed him with a beautiful voice
- tabiğat har kimge pahmu beredi — nature endows everyone with talent
4. instill, impart (strength, hope or a feeling)
- bu hapar bizge umut berdi — this news gave us hope
- seni sözüŋ menŋe küç beredi — your word gives me strength
5. allot, allocate, set aside
- jer berirge — to allot a plot of land
- ülüşün berirge — to allot his share
- mekyam işlerge açha berirge — to allocate money for building housing
- açha berirge — to allocate money
6. assign, entrust (a task)
- ustaz bizge jumuş berdi — the teacher assigned us a task
- anŋa iş berdile — they assigned him work
7. impose (a punishment)
- anŋa jaza berdile — they imposed a punishment on him
8. pay, pay out
- bağasın berirge — to pay the price of it
- berligiŋi ber — pay back what you owe
- asırı bağa berirge — to pay far too much
- awuz mardasın berirge — to pay as much as was asked
9. sell, let something go for a price
- uçuz berirge — to sell cheaply
- üynü uçuz berdile — they sold the house cheaply
- jüz somğa berdi — he sold it for a hundred rubles
- satıb berirge — to sell
10. take an examination
- jaşım bügün ekzamenni beredi — my son is taking the examination today
- qızım tambla ekzamenni berlikdi — my daughter will take the examination tomorrow
- studentle ekzamenni ariw berdile — the students took the examination well
11. surrender, give up, yield — Used of handing a town, position or ship over to an enemy, and of giving up one's place or way to someone.
- asker şaharnı jawğa bermedi — the army did not surrender the city to the enemy
- biz jeribizni jawğa bermezbiz — we will not surrender our land to the enemy
- kemeleni, jawğa bermez üçün — so as not to surrender the ships to the enemy
- jol berirge — to give way
12. yield, produce, bear — Used of land yielding a harvest and of animals producing young.
- bu jer igi tirlik beredi — this land yields a good harvest
- jeribiz mirzew bermez — our land will not yield grain
- sürüw jazda tölüsün berlikdi — the flock will produce its young in the spring
- tirlik ber — produce a harvest
13. put on, stage — Used of concerts, plays and similar events.
- kontsertni ıyıh kün berlikbiz — we will put on the concert on Sunday
- jırçıla kontsertni tünene berdile — the singers put on the concert yesterday
- mektebde sabiyle kontsertni beredile — at school the children are putting on the concert
14. broadcast, transmit — Used of radio and television programs.
- radio bla berirge — to broadcast on the radio
- radio bla ariw jırla berdile — they broadcast beautiful songs on the radio
- bu haparnı radio bla beredile — they are broadcasting this news on the radio
15. sacrifice, lay down (one's life or health)
- ata jurt üçün janın berdi — he gave his life for the fatherland
- sawluğun işge bergendi — he has given his health to his work
16. strike, deal a blow
- başına berirge — to strike him on the head
- qatı berirge — to strike hard
- bir berdi da qoydu — he struck once and stopped
17. pass on, convey (news or information), report
- hapar berirge — to pass on the news
- jaŋı hapar berirge — to pass on fresh news
- hapar berib tururğa — to keep passing on the news
Expressions
- bere-bere, berem tahta bolurğa — give oneself poor
- kesin berirge — devote oneself
- adam öltürmey, qan berirge — suffer for loose talk
- al berirge — yield precedence
Conjugation
Common forms
- beredihe is giving
- berdihe gave
- bergendihe has given
- berirhe will give
- berlikdihe is going to give
- bere edihe was giving
- berseif he gives
- ber!give!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menberemeI am giving | senbereseyou are giving | olberedihe is giving | bizberebizwe are giving | sizberesizyou all are giving | alaberedilethey are giving |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menbermeymeI am not giving | senbermeyseyou are not giving | olbermeydihe is not giving | bizbermeybizwe are not giving | sizbermeysizyou all are not giving | alabermeydilethey are not giving |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menberememi? beremime?am I giving? | senberemise?are you giving? | olberemidi?is he giving? | bizberebizmi? beremibiz?are we giving? | sizberemisiz?are you all giving? | alaberemidile?are they giving? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menbermeymemi? bermeymime?aren't I giving? | senbermeymise?aren't you giving? | olbermeymidi?isn't he giving? | bizbermeybizmi? bermeymibiz?aren't we giving? | sizbermeymisiz?aren't you all giving? | alabermeymidile?aren't they giving? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menberiwçenmeI usually give | senberiwçenseyou usually give | olberiwçendihe usually gives | bizberiwçenbizwe usually give | sizberiwçensizyou all usually give | alaberiwçendilethey usually give |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menbermewçenmeI usually don't give | senbermewçenseyou usually don't give | olbermewçendihe usually doesn't give | bizbermewçenbizwe usually don't give | sizbermewçensizyou all usually don't give | alabermewçendilethey usually don't give |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menberiwçenmemi? beriwçenmime?do I usually give? | senberiwçenmise?do you usually give? | olberiwçenmidi?does he usually give? | bizberiwçenbizmi? beriwçenmibiz?do we usually give? | sizberiwçenmisiz?do you all usually give? | alaberiwçenmidile?do they usually give? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menbermewçenmemi? bermewçenmime?do I usually not give? | senbermewçenmise?do you usually not give? | olbermewçenmidi?does he usually not give? | bizbermewçenbizmi? bermewçenmibiz?do we usually not give? | sizbermewçenmisiz?do you all usually not give? | alabermewçenmidile?do they usually not give? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olberibdihe has given and remains so | alaberibdilethey have given and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olberibmidi?has he given? | alaberibmidile?have they given? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menberib turamaI keep giving | senberib turasayou keep giving | olberib turadıhe keeps giving | bizberib turabızwe keep giving | sizberib turasızyou all keep giving | alaberib turadılathey keep giving |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menberib turmaymaI don't keep giving | senberib turmaysayou don't keep giving | olberib turmaydıhe doesn't keep giving | bizberib turmaybızwe don't keep giving | sizberib turmaysızyou all don't keep giving | alaberib turmaydılathey don't keep giving |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menberib turamamı? berib turamıma?do I keep giving? | senberib turamısa?do you keep giving? | olberib turamıdı?does he keep giving? | bizberib turabızmı? berib turamıbız?do we keep giving? | sizberib turamısız?do you all keep giving? | alaberib turamıdıla?do they keep giving? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menberib turmaymamı? berib turmaymıma?don't I keep giving? | senberib turmaymısa?don't you keep giving? | olberib turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep giving? | bizberib turmaybızmı? berib turmaymıbız?don't we keep giving? | sizberib turmaymısız?don't you all keep giving? | alaberib turmaymıdıla?don't they keep giving? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menbere turamaI am in the middle of giving | senbere turasayou are in the middle of giving | olbere turadıhe is in the middle of giving | bizbere turabızwe are in the middle of giving | sizbere turasızyou all are in the middle of giving | alabere turadılathey are in the middle of giving |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menbere turmaymaI am not in the middle of giving | senbere turmaysayou are not in the middle of giving | olbere turmaydıhe is not in the middle of giving | bizbere turmaybızwe are not in the middle of giving | sizbere turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of giving | alabere turmaydılathey are not in the middle of giving |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menbere turamamı? bere turamıma?am I in the middle of giving? | senbere turamısa?are you in the middle of giving? | olbere turamıdı?is he in the middle of giving? | bizbere turabızmı? bere turamıbız?are we in the middle of giving? | sizbere turamısız?are you all in the middle of giving? | alabere turamıdıla?are they in the middle of giving? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menbere turmaymamı? bere turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of giving? | senbere turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of giving? | olbere turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of giving? | bizbere turmaybızmı? bere turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of giving? | sizbere turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of giving? | alabere turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of giving? |
| Simple past (definite) | menberdimI gave | senberdiŋyou gave | olberdihe gave | bizberdikwe gave | sizberdigizyou all gave | alaberdilethey gave |
| Simple past (definite) | menbermedimI didn't give | senbermediŋyou didn't give | olbermedihe didn't give | bizbermedikwe didn't give | sizbermedigizyou all didn't give | alabermedilethey didn't give |
| Simple past (definite) | menberdimmi?did I give? | senberdiŋmi?did you give? | olberdimi?did he give? | bizberdikmi?did we give? | sizberdigizmi?did you all give? | alaberdilemi?did they give? |
| Simple past (definite) | menbermedimmi?didn't I give? | senbermediŋmi?didn't you give? | olbermedimi?didn't he give? | bizbermedikmi?didn't we give? | sizbermedigizmi?didn't you all give? | alabermedilemi?didn't they give? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menbergenmeI have given | senbergenseyou have given | olbergendihe has given | bizbergenbizwe have given | sizbergensizyou all have given | alabergendilethey have given |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menbermegenmeI haven't given | senbermegenseyou haven't given | olbermegendihe hasn't given | bizbermegenbizwe haven't given | sizbermegensizyou all haven't given | alabermegendilethey haven't given |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menbergenmemi? bergenmime?have I given? | senbergenmise?have you given? | olbergenmidi?has he given? | bizbergenbizmi? bergenmibiz?have we given? | sizbergenmisiz?have you all given? | alabergenmidile?have they given? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menbermegenmemi? bermegenmime?haven't I given? | senbermegenmise?haven't you given? | olbermegenmidi?hasn't he given? | bizbermegenbizmi? bermegenmibiz?haven't we given? | sizbermegenmisiz?haven't you all given? | alabermegenmidile?haven't they given? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menberib turdumI kept giving | senberib turduŋyou kept giving | olberib turduhe kept giving | bizberib turduqwe kept giving | sizberib turduğuzyou all kept giving | alaberib turdulathey kept giving |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menberib turmadımI didn't keep giving | senberib turmadıŋyou didn't keep giving | olberib turmadıhe didn't keep giving | bizberib turmadıqwe didn't keep giving | sizberib turmadığızyou all didn't keep giving | alaberib turmadılathey didn't keep giving |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menberirmeI will give | senberirseyou will give | olberirhe will give | bizberirbizwe will give | sizberirsizyou all will give | alaberirlethey will give |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menbermezmeI won't give | senbermezseyou won't give | olbermezhe won't give | bizbermezbizwe won't give | sizbermezsizyou all won't give | alabermezlethey won't give |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menberirmemi? berirmime?will I give? | senberirmise?will you give? | olberirmi?will he give? | bizberirbizmi? berirmibiz?will we give? | sizberirmisiz?will you all give? | alaberirlemi? berirmile?will they give? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menbermezmemi? bermezmime?won't I give? | senbermezmise?won't you give? | olbermezmi?won't he give? | bizbermezbizmi? bermezmibiz?won't we give? | sizbermezmisiz?won't you all give? | alabermezlemi? bermezmile?won't they give? |
| Definite future (future II) | menberlikme1berrikmeI am going to give | senberlikse1berrikseyou are going to give | olberlikdi1berrikdihe is going to give | bizberlikbiz1berrikbizwe are going to give | sizberliksiz1berriksizyou all are going to give | alaberlikdile1berrikdilethey are going to give |
| Definite future (future II) | menberlik tülme1berrik tülmeI am not going to give | senberlik tülse1berrik tülseyou are not going to give | olberlik tüldü1berrik tüldühe is not going to give | bizberlik tülbüz1berrik tülbüzwe are not going to give | sizberlik tülsüz1berrik tülsüzyou all are not going to give | alaberlik tüldüle1berrik tüldülethey are not going to give |
| Definite future (future II) | menberlikmemi?1 berlikmime?berrikmemi?am I going to give? | senberlikmise?1berrikmise?are you going to give? | olberlikmidi?1berrikmidi?is he going to give? | bizberlikbizmi?1 berlikmibiz?berrikbizmi?are we going to give? | sizberlikmisiz?1berrikmisiz?are you all going to give? | alaberlikmidile?1berrikmidile?are they going to give? |
| Definite future (future II) | menberlik tülmüme?1berrik tülmüme?aren't I going to give? | senberlik tülmüse?1berrik tülmüse?aren't you going to give? | olberlik tülmüdü?1berrik tülmüdü?isn't he going to give? | bizberlik tülmübüz?1berrik tülmübüz?aren't we going to give? | sizberlik tülmüsüz?1berrik tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to give? | alaberlik tülmüdüle?1berrik tülmüdüle?aren't they going to give? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Definite future (future II)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so berrikdi
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menbergen edimbergenemI had given | senbergen ediŋbergeneŋyou had given | olbergen edibergenedhe had given | bizbergen edikbergenekwe had given | sizbergen edigizbergenegizyou all had given | alabergen edilebergenellethey had given |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menbermegen edimbermegenemI hadn't given | senbermegen ediŋbermegeneŋyou hadn't given | olbermegen edibermegenedhe hadn't given | bizbermegen edikbermegenekwe hadn't given | sizbermegen edigizbermegenegizyou all hadn't given | alabermegen edilebermegenellethey hadn't given |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menbere edimberemI was giving | senbere ediŋbereŋyou were giving | olbere ediberedhe was giving | bizbere edikberekwe were giving | sizbere edigizberegizyou all were giving | alabere edileberellethey were giving |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menbermey edimbermeyemI wasn't giving | senbermey ediŋbermeyeŋyou weren't giving | olbermey edibermeyedhe wasn't giving | bizbermey edikbermeyekwe weren't giving | sizbermey edigizbermeyegizyou all weren't giving | alabermey edilebermeyellethey weren't giving |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menberiwçen edimberiwçenemI used to give | senberiwçen ediŋberiwçeneŋyou used to give | olberiwçen ediberiwçenedhe used to give | bizberiwçen edikberiwçenekwe used to give | sizberiwçen edigizberiwçenegizyou all used to give | alaberiwçen edileberiwçenellethey used to give |
| Habitual past (used to) | menbermewçen edimbermewçenemI didn't use to give | senbermewçen ediŋbermewçeneŋyou didn't use to give | olbermewçen edibermewçenedhe didn't use to give | bizbermewçen edikbermewçenekwe didn't use to give | sizbermewçen edigizbermewçenegizyou all didn't use to give | alabermewçen edilebermewçenellethey didn't use to give |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olberib edihe had given and remained so | alaberib edilethey had given and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olberib tül edihe hadn't given | alaberib tül edilethey hadn't given | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menberib tura edimberib turaemI had kept giving | senberib tura ediŋberib turaeŋyou had kept giving | olberib tura ediberib turaedhe had kept giving | bizberib tura edikberib turaekwe had kept giving | sizberib tura edigizberib turaegizyou all had kept giving | alaberib tura edileberib turaellethey had kept giving |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menberib turmay edimberib turmayemI hadn't kept giving | senberib turmay ediŋberib turmayeŋyou hadn't kept giving | olberib turmay ediberib turmayedhe hadn't kept giving | bizberib turmay edikberib turmayekwe hadn't kept giving | sizberib turmay edigizberib turmayegizyou all hadn't kept giving | alaberib turmay edileberib turmayellethey hadn't kept giving |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menbere tura edimbere turaemI was in the middle of giving | senbere tura ediŋbere turaeŋyou were in the middle of giving | olbere tura edibere turaedhe was in the middle of giving | bizbere tura edikbere turaekwe were in the middle of giving | sizbere tura edigizbere turaegizyou all were in the middle of giving | alabere tura edilebere turaellethey were in the middle of giving |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menbere turmay edimbere turmayemI wasn't in the middle of giving | senbere turmay ediŋbere turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of giving | olbere turmay edibere turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of giving | bizbere turmay edikbere turmayekwe weren't in the middle of giving | sizbere turmay edigizbere turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of giving | alabere turmay edilebere turmayellethey weren't in the middle of giving |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menberir edimberir emI would give | senberir ediŋberir eŋyou would give | olberir ediberir edhe would give | bizberir edikberir ekwe would give | sizberir edigizberir egizyou all would give | alaberir edileberir ellethey would give |
| Conditional result (would) | menbermez edimbermez emI wouldn't give | senbermez ediŋbermez eŋyou wouldn't give | olbermez edibermez edhe wouldn't give | bizbermez edikbermez ekwe wouldn't give | sizbermez edigizbermez egizyou all wouldn't give | alabermez edilebermez ellethey wouldn't give |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menberlik edim2berlik emberrik edimI would have given | senberlik ediŋ2berlik eŋberrik ediŋyou would have given | olberlik edi2berlik edberrik edihe would have given | bizberlik edik2berlik ekberrik edikwe would have given | sizberlik edigiz2berlik egizberrik edigizyou all would have given | alaberlik edile2berlik elleberrik edilethey would have given |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menberlik tül edim2berlik tül emberrik tül edimI wouldn't have given | senberlik tül ediŋ2berlik tül eŋberrik tül ediŋyou wouldn't have given | olberlik tül edi2berlik tül edberrik tül edihe wouldn't have given | bizberlik tül edik2berlik tül ekberrik tül edikwe wouldn't have given | sizberlik tül edigiz2berlik tül egizberrik tül edigizyou all wouldn't have given | alaberlik tül edile2berlik tül elleberrik tül edilethey wouldn't have given |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
- Past conditional result (would have)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so berrik edi
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menbersemif I give | senberseŋif you give | olberseif he gives | bizbersekif we give | sizbersegizif you all give | alaberseleif they give |
| Conditional | menbermesemif I don't give | senbermeseŋif you don't give | olbermeseif he doesn't give | bizbermesekif we don't give | sizbermesegizif you all don't give | alabermeseleif they don't give |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menbere esemif I am giving | senbere eseŋif you are giving | olbere eseif he is giving | bizbere esekif we are giving | sizbere esegizif you all are giving | alabere eseleif they are giving |
| Conditional, present real | menbermey esemif I am not giving | senbermey eseŋif you are not giving | olbermey eseif he is not giving | bizbermey esekif we are not giving | sizbermey esegizif you all are not giving | alabermey eseleif they are not giving |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menbersem edibersem edif only I gave | senberseŋ ediberseŋ edif only you gave | olberse edibersedif only he gave | bizbersek edibersek edif only we gave | sizbersegiz edibersegiz edif only you all gave | alabersele ediberseledif only they gave |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menbermesem edibermesem edif only I didn't give | senbermeseŋ edibermeseŋ edif only you didn't give | olbermese edibermesedif only he didn't give | bizbermesek edibermesek edif only we didn't give | sizbermesegiz edibermesegiz edif only you all didn't give | alabermesele edibermeseledif only they didn't give |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menberib tursamif I carry on giving | senberib tursaŋif you carry on giving | olberib tursaif he carries on giving | bizberib tursaqif we carry on giving | sizberib tursağızif you all carry on giving | alaberib tursalaif they carry on giving |
| Durative conditional | menberib turmasamif I don't carry on giving | senberib turmasaŋif you don't carry on giving | olberib turmasaif he doesn't carry on giving | bizberib turmasaqif we don't carry on giving | sizberib turmasağızif you all don't carry on giving | alaberib turmasalaif they don't carry on giving |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menberib tura esemif I have kept giving | senberib tura eseŋif you have kept giving | olberib tura eseif he has kept giving | bizberib tura esekif we have kept giving | sizberib tura esegizif you all have kept giving | alaberib tura eseleif they have kept giving |
| Durative conditional, present real | menberib turmay esemif I haven't kept giving | senberib turmay eseŋif you haven't kept giving | olberib turmay eseif he hasn't kept giving | bizberib turmay esekif we haven't kept giving | sizberib turmay esegizif you all haven't kept giving | alaberib turmay eseleif they haven't kept giving |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menbere tursamif I keep giving | senbere tursaŋif you keep giving | olbere tursaif he keeps giving | bizbere tursaqif we keep giving | sizbere tursağızif you all keep giving | alabere tursalaif they keep giving |
| Progressive conditional | menbermey tursamif I keep on not giving | senbermey tursaŋif you keep on not giving | olbermey tursaif he keeps on not giving | bizbermey tursaqif we keep on not giving | sizbermey tursağızif you all keep on not giving | alabermey tursalaif they keep on not giving |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menbere tura esemif I am in the middle of giving | senbere tura eseŋif you are in the middle of giving | olbere tura eseif he is in the middle of giving | bizbere tura esekif we are in the middle of giving | sizbere tura esegizif you all are in the middle of giving | alabere tura eseleif they are in the middle of giving |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menbermey tura esemif I keep on not giving | senbermey tura eseŋif you keep on not giving | olbermey tura eseif he keeps on not giving | bizbermey tura esekif we keep on not giving | sizbermey tura esegizif you all keep on not giving | alabermey tura eseleif they keep on not giving |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past3 | menberdim esemif I gave | senberdiŋ eseŋif you gave | olberdi eseif he gave | bizberdik esekif we gave | sizberdigiz esegizif you all gave | alaberdile eseleif they gave |
| Conditional, definite past3 | menbermedim esemif I didn't give | senbermediŋ eseŋif you didn't give | olbermedi eseif he didn't give | bizbermedik esekif we didn't give | sizbermedigiz esegizif you all didn't give | alabermedile eseleif they didn't give |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menbergen esemif I did give (indeed) | senbergen eseŋif you did give (indeed) | olbergen eseif he did give (indeed) | bizbergen esekif we did give (indeed) | sizbergen esegizif you all did give (indeed) | alabergen eseleif they did give (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menbermegen esemif I didn't give (indeed) | senbermegen eseŋif you didn't give (indeed) | olbermegen eseif he didn't give (indeed) | bizbermegen esekif we didn't give (indeed) | sizbermegen esegizif you all didn't give (indeed) | alabermegen eseleif they didn't give (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menbergen bolsamif I had given | senbergen bolsaŋif you had given | olbergen bolsaif he had given | bizbergen bolsaqif we had given | sizbergen bolsağızif you all had given | alabergen bolsalaif they had given |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menbermegen bolsamif I hadn't given | senbermegen bolsaŋif you hadn't given | olbermegen bolsaif he hadn't given | bizbermegen bolsaqif we hadn't given | sizbermegen bolsağızif you all hadn't given | alabermegen bolsalaif they hadn't given |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menbergen bolsam edibergen bolsam edif only I had given | senbergen bolsaŋ edibergen bolsaŋ edif only you had given | olbergen bolsa edibergen bolsaedif only he had given | bizbergen bolsaq edibergen bolsaq edif only we had given | sizbergen bolsağız edibergen bolsağız edif only you all had given | alabergen bolsala edibergen bolsalaedif only they had given |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menbermegen bolsam edibermegen bolsam edif only I hadn't given | senbermegen bolsaŋ edibermegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't given | olbermegen bolsa edibermegen bolsaedif only he hadn't given | bizbermegen bolsaq edibermegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't given | sizbermegen bolsağız edibermegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't given | alabermegen bolsala edibermegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't given |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menberir esemif I will give | senberir eseŋif you will give | olberir eseif he will give | bizberir esekif we will give | sizberir esegizif you all will give | alaberir eseleif they will give |
| Conditional, aorist | menbermez esemif I won't give | senbermez eseŋif you won't give | olbermez eseif he won't give | bizbermez esekif we won't give | sizbermez esegizif you all won't give | alabermez eseleif they won't give |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menberlik esem4berrik esemif I am going to give | senberlik eseŋ4berrik eseŋif you are going to give | olberlik ese4berrik eseif he is going to give | bizberlik esek4berrik esekif we are going to give | sizberlik esegiz4berrik esegizif you all are going to give | alaberlik esele4berrik eseleif they are going to give |
| Conditional, future | menberlik tül esem4berrik tül esemif I am not going to give | senberlik tül eseŋ4berrik tül eseŋif you are not going to give | olberlik tül ese4berrik tül eseif he is not going to give | bizberlik tül esek4berrik tül esekif we are not going to give | sizberlik tül esegiz4berrik tül esegizif you all are not going to give | alaberlik tül esele4berrik tül eseleif they are not going to give |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menberlik bolsam5berrik bolsamif I were going to give | senberlik bolsaŋ5berrik bolsaŋif you were going to give | olberlik bolsa5berrik bolsaif he were going to give | bizberlik bolsaq5berrik bolsaqif we were going to give | sizberlik bolsağız5berrik bolsağızif you all were going to give | alaberlik bolsala5berrik bolsalaif they were going to give |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menbermezlik bolsamif I were not going to give | senbermezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to give | olbermezlik bolsaif he were not going to give | bizbermezlik bolsaqif we were not going to give | sizbermezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to give | alabermezlik bolsalaif they were not going to give |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso berdiŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
- Conditional, futurespoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so berrik ese
- Conditional, counterfactual futurespoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so berrik bolsa
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menbere bolurmaI must be giving | senbere bolursayou must be giving | olbere bolurhe must be giving | bizbere bolurbuzwe must be giving | sizbere bolursuzyou all must be giving | alabere bolurlathey must be giving |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menbermey bolurmaI must not be giving | senbermey bolursayou must not be giving | olbermey bolurhe must not be giving | bizbermey bolurbuzwe must not be giving | sizbermey bolursuzyou all must not be giving | alabermey bolurlathey must not be giving |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menbere tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of giving | senbere tura bolursayou must be in the middle of giving | olbere tura bolurhe must be in the middle of giving | bizbere tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of giving | sizbere tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of giving | alabere tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of giving |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menbermey tura bolurmaI must keep on not giving | senbermey tura bolursayou must keep on not giving | olbermey tura bolurhe must keep on not giving | bizbermey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not giving | sizbermey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not giving | alabermey tura bolurlathey must keep on not giving |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menbergen bolurmaI must have given | senbergen bolursayou must have given | olbergen bolurhe must have given | bizbergen bolurbuzwe must have given | sizbergen bolursuzyou all must have given | alabergen bolurlathey must have given |
| Inference (must have) | menbermegen bolurmaI must not have given | senbermegen bolursayou must not have given | olbermegen bolurhe must not have given | bizbermegen bolurbuzwe must not have given | sizbermegen bolursuzyou all must not have given | alabermegen bolurlathey must not have given |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menberlik bolurma6berrik bolurmaI must be going to give | senberlik bolursa6berrik bolursayou must be going to give | olberlik bolur6berrik bolurhe must be going to give | bizberlik bolurbuz6berrik bolurbuzwe must be going to give | sizberlik bolursuz6berrik bolursuzyou all must be going to give | alaberlik bolurla6berrik bolurlathey must be going to give |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menbermezlik bolurmaI must not be going to give | senbermezlik bolursayou must not be going to give | olbermezlik bolurhe must not be going to give | bizbermezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to give | sizbermezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to give | alabermezlik bolurlathey must not be going to give |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Inference, future (must be going to)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so berrik bolur
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menbereyimlet me give | senber!give! | olbersinlet him give | bizbereyiklet's give | sizberigiz!give, you all! | alabersinlelet them give |
| Commands & suggestions | menbermeyimlet me not give | senberme!don't give! | olbermesinlet him not give | bizbermeyiklet's not give | sizbermegiz!don't give, you all! | alabermesinlelet them not give |
| Commands & suggestions | menbereyimmi?shall I give? | olbersinmi?should he give? | bizbereyikmi?shall we give? | alabersinlemi?should they give? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menbermeyimmi?shall I not give? | olbermesinmi?should he not give? | bizbermeyikmi?shall we not give? | alabermesinlemi?should they not give? | ||
| Requests | senberçi7berçinplease give | olbersinçido let him give | sizberçigizplease give (plural/polite) | alabersinleçido let them give | ||
| Requests | senbermeçi7bermeçinplease don't give | olbermesinçido let him not give | sizbermeçigizplease don't give (plural/polite) | alabermesinleçido let them not give | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senberginbergimay you give | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senbermeginbermegimay you not give | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menbergey edim berge edimwould that I gave | senbergey ediŋ berge ediŋwould that you gave | olbergey edi berge ediwould that he gave | bizbergey edik berge edikwould that we gave | sizbergey edigiz berge edigizwould that you all gave | alabergey edile berge edilewould that they gave |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menbermegey edim bermege edimwould that I did not give | senbermegey ediŋ bermege ediŋwould that you did not give | olbermegey edi bermege ediwould that he did not give | bizbermegey edik bermege edikwould that we did not give | sizbermegey edigiz bermege edigizwould that you all did not give | alabermegey edile bermege edilewould that they did not give |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menbermege qoyayımberme qoyayımlet me allow someone to give | senbermege qoy!berme qoy!let someone give! | olbermege qoysunberme qoysunlet him allow someone to give | bizbermege qoyayıqberme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to give | sizbermege qoyuğuz!berme qoyuğuz!let someone give, you all! | alabermege qoysunlaberme qoysunlalet them allow someone to give |
| Let someone… (commands) | menbermege qoymayımberme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to give | senbermege qoyma!berme qoyma!don't let someone give! | olbermege qoymasınberme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to give | bizbermege qoymayıqberme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to give | sizbermege qoymağız!berme qoymağız!don't let someone give, you all! | alabermege qoymasınlaberme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to give |
| Let someone… (commands) | menbermege qoyayımmı?berme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to give? | olbermege qoysunmu?berme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to give? | bizbermege qoyayıqmı?berme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to give? | alabermege qoysunlamı?berme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to give? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menbermege qoymayımmı?berme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to give? | olbermege qoymasınmı?berme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to give? | bizbermege qoymayıqmı?berme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to give? | alabermege qoymasınlamı?berme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to give? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menbermege qoyamaberme qoyamaI allow someone to give | senbermege qoyasaberme qoyasayou allow someone to give | olbermege qoyadıberme qoyadıhe allows someone to give | bizbermege qoyabızberme qoyabızwe allow someone to give | sizbermege qoyasızberme qoyasızyou all allow someone to give | alabermege qoyadılaberme qoyadılathey allow someone to give |
| Let someone… (present) | menbermege qoymaymaberme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to give | senbermege qoymaysaberme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to give | olbermege qoymaydıberme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to give | bizbermege qoymaybızberme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to give | sizbermege qoymaysızberme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to give | alabermege qoymaydılaberme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to give |
| Let someone… (present) | menbermege qoyamamı?berme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to give? | senbermege qoyamısa?berme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to give? | olbermege qoyamıdı?berme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to give? | bizbermege qoyabızmı?berme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to give? | sizbermege qoyamısız?berme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to give? | alabermege qoyamıdıla?berme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to give? |
| Let someone… (present) | menbermege qoymaymamı?berme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to give? | senbermege qoymaymısa?berme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to give? | olbermege qoymaymıdı?berme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to give? | bizbermege qoymaybızmı?berme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to give? | sizbermege qoymaymısız?berme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to give? | alabermege qoymaymıdıla?berme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to give? |
| Let someone… (past) | menbermege qoydumberme qoydumI allowed someone to give | senbermege qoyduŋberme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to give | olbermege qoyduberme qoyduhe allowed someone to give | bizbermege qoyduqberme qoyduqwe allowed someone to give | sizbermege qoyduğuzberme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to give | alabermege qoydulaberme qoydulathey allowed someone to give |
| Let someone… (past) | menbermege qoymadımberme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to give | senbermege qoymadıŋberme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to give | olbermege qoymadıberme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to give | bizbermege qoymadıqberme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to give | sizbermege qoymadığızberme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to give | alabermege qoymadılaberme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to give |
| Let someone… (past) | menbermege qoydummu?berme qoydummu?did I allow someone to give? | senbermege qoyduŋmu?berme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to give? | olbermege qoydumu?berme qoydumu?did he allow someone to give? | bizbermege qoyduqmu?berme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to give? | sizbermege qoyduğuzmu?berme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to give? | alabermege qoydulamı?berme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to give? |
| Let someone… (past) | menbermege qoymadımmı?berme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to give? | senbermege qoymadıŋmı?berme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to give? | olbermege qoymadımı?berme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to give? | bizbermege qoymadıqmı?berme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to give? | sizbermege qoymadığızmı?berme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to give? | alabermege qoymadılamı?berme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to give? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menberalamaI can give | senberalasayou can give | olberaladıhe can give | bizberalabızwe can give | sizberalasızyou all can give | alaberaladılathey can give |
| Ability — present | menberalmaymaI can't give | senberalmaysayou can't give | olberalmaydıhe can't give | bizberalmaybızwe can't give | sizberalmaysızyou all can't give | alaberalmaydılathey can't give |
| Ability — present | menberalamamı? beralamıma?can I give? | senberalamısa?can you give? | olberalamıdı?can he give? | bizberalabızmı? beralamıbız?can we give? | sizberalamısız?can you all give? | alaberalamıdıla?can they give? |
| Ability — present | menberalmaymamı? beralmaymıma?can't I give? | senberalmaymısa?can't you give? | olberalmaymıdı?can't he give? | bizberalmaybızmı? beralmaymıbız?can't we give? | sizberalmaymısız?can't you all give? | alaberalmaymıdıla?can't they give? |
| Ability — if I can… | menberalsamif I can give | senberalsaŋif you can give | olberalsaif he can give | bizberalsaqif we can give | sizberalsağızif you all can give | alaberalsalaif they can give |
| Ability — if I can… | menberalmasamif I can't give | senberalmasaŋif you can't give | olberalmasaif he can't give | bizberalmasaqif we can't give | sizberalmasağızif you all can't give | alaberalmasalaif they can't give |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menberaldımI was able to give | senberaldıŋyou were able to give | olberaldıhe was able to give | bizberaldıqwe were able to give | sizberaldığızyou all were able to give | alaberaldılathey were able to give |
| Ability — simple past | menberalmadımI could not give | senberalmadıŋyou could not give | olberalmadıhe could not give | bizberalmadıqwe could not give | sizberalmadığızyou all could not give | alaberalmadılathey could not give |
| Ability — simple past | menberaldımmı?was I able to give? | senberaldıŋmı?were you able to give? | olberaldımı?was he able to give? | bizberaldıqmı?were we able to give? | sizberaldığızmı?were you all able to give? | alaberaldılamı?were they able to give? |
| Ability — simple past | menberalmadımmı?couldn't I give? | senberalmadıŋmı?couldn't you give? | olberalmadımı?couldn't he give? | bizberalmadıqmı?couldn't we give? | sizberalmadığızmı?couldn't you all give? | alaberalmadılamı?couldn't they give? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menberalğanmaI have been able to give | senberalğansayou have been able to give | olberalğandıhe has been able to give | bizberalğanbızwe have been able to give | sizberalğansızyou all have been able to give | alaberalğandılathey have been able to give |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menberalmağanmaI haven't been able to give | senberalmağansayou haven't been able to give | olberalmağandıhe hasn't been able to give | bizberalmağanbızwe haven't been able to give | sizberalmağansızyou all haven't been able to give | alaberalmağandılathey haven't been able to give |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menberalğanmamı? beralğanmıma?have I been able to give? | senberalğanmısa?have you been able to give? | olberalğanmıdı?has he been able to give? | bizberalğanbızmı? beralğanmıbız?have we been able to give? | sizberalğanmısız?have you all been able to give? | alaberalğanmıdıla?have they been able to give? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menberalmağanmamı? beralmağanmıma?haven't I been able to give? | senberalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to give? | olberalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to give? | bizberalmağanbızmı? beralmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to give? | sizberalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to give? | alaberalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to give? |
| Ability — past perfect | menberalğan edimberalğanemI had been able to give | senberalğan ediŋberalğaneŋyou had been able to give | olberalğan ediberalğanedhe had been able to give | bizberalğan edikberalğanekwe had been able to give | sizberalğan edigizberalğanegizyou all had been able to give | alaberalğan edileberalğanellethey had been able to give |
| Ability — past perfect | menberalmağan edimberalmağanemI hadn't been able to give | senberalmağan ediŋberalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to give | olberalmağan ediberalmağanedhe hadn't been able to give | bizberalmağan edikberalmağanekwe hadn't been able to give | sizberalmağan edigizberalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to give | alaberalmağan edileberalmağanellethey hadn't been able to give |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menberala edimberalaemI could give | senberala ediŋberalaeŋyou could give | olberala ediberalaedhe could give | bizberala edikberalaekwe could give | sizberala edigizberalaegizyou all could give | alaberala edileberalaellethey could give |
| Ability — past background | menberalmay edimberalmayemI could not give | senberalmay ediŋberalmayeŋyou could not give | olberalmay ediberalmayedhe could not give | bizberalmay edikberalmayekwe could not give | sizberalmay edigizberalmayegizyou all could not give | alaberalmay edileberalmayellethey could not give |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menberalırmaI will be able to give | senberalırsayou will be able to give | olberalırhe will be able to give | bizberalırbızwe will be able to give | sizberalırsızyou all will be able to give | alaberalırlathey will be able to give |
| Ability — future I | menberalmazmaI won't be able to give | senberalmazsayou won't be able to give | olberalmazhe won't be able to give | bizberalmazbızwe won't be able to give | sizberalmazsızyou all won't be able to give | alaberalmazlathey won't be able to give |
| Ability — future I | menberalırmamı? beralırmıma?will I be able to give? | senberalırmısa?will you be able to give? | olberalırmı?will he be able to give? | bizberalırbızmı? beralırmıbız?will we be able to give? | sizberalırmısız?will you all be able to give? | alaberalırlamı? beralırmıla?will they be able to give? |
| Ability — future I | menberalmazmamı? beralmazmıma?won't I be able to give? | senberalmazmısa?won't you be able to give? | olberalmazmı?won't he be able to give? | bizberalmazbızmı? beralmazmıbız?won't we be able to give? | sizberalmazmısız?won't you all be able to give? | alaberalmazlamı? beralmazmıla?won't they be able to give? |
| Ability — future II | menberallıqmaI am going to be able to give | senberallıqsayou are going to be able to give | olberallıqdıhe is going to be able to give | bizberallıqbızwe are going to be able to give | sizberallıqsızyou all are going to be able to give | alaberallıqdılathey are going to be able to give |
| Ability — future II | menberallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to give | senberallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to give | olberallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to give | bizberallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to give | sizberallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to give | alaberallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to give |
| Ability — future II | menberallıqmamı? berallıqmıma?am I going to be able to give? | senberallıqmısa?are you going to be able to give? | olberallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to give? | bizberallıqbızmı? berallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to give? | sizberallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to give? | alaberallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to give? |
| Ability — future II | menberallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to give? | senberallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to give? | olberallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to give? | bizberallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to give? | sizberallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to give? | alaberallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to give? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menberalır edimberalır emI would be able to give | senberalır ediŋberalır eŋyou would be able to give | olberalır ediberalır edhe would be able to give | bizberalır edikberalır ekwe would be able to give | sizberalır edigizberalır egizyou all would be able to give | alaberalır edileberalır ellethey would be able to give |
| Ability — would be able to… | menberalmaz edimberalmaz emI wouldn't be able to give | senberalmaz ediŋberalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to give | olberalmaz ediberalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to give | bizberalmaz edikberalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to give | sizberalmaz edigizberalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to give | alaberalmaz edileberalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to give |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senberalğınberalğımay you be able to give | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senberalmağınberalmağımay you not be able to give | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menberirge izleymeI want to give | senberirge izleyseyou want to give | olberirge izleydihe wants to give | bizberirge izleybizwe want to give | sizberirge izleysizyou all want to give | alaberirge izleydilethey want to give |
| want to | menberirge izlemeymeI do not want to give | senberirge izlemeyseyou do not want to give | olberirge izlemeydihe does not want to give | bizberirge izlemeybizwe do not want to give | sizberirge izlemeysizyou all do not want to give | alaberirge izlemeydilethey do not want to give |
| would like to | menberirge süemeI would like to give | senberirge süeseyou would like to give | olberirge süedihe would like to give | bizberirge süebizwe would like to give | sizberirge süesizyou all would like to give | alaberirge süedilethey would like to give |
| would like to | menberirge süymeymeI would not like to give | senberirge süymeyseyou would not like to give | olberirge süymeydihe would not like to give | bizberirge süymeybizwe would not like to give | sizberirge süymeysizyou all would not like to give | alaberirge süymeydilethey would not like to give |
| hope to | menberirge umutlanamaI hope to give | senberirge umutlanasayou hope to give | olberirge umutlanadıhe hopes to give | bizberirge umutlanabızwe hope to give | sizberirge umutlanasızyou all hope to give | alaberirge umutlanadılathey hope to give |
| hope to | menberirge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to give | senberirge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to give | olberirge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to give | bizberirge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to give | sizberirge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to give | alaberirge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to give |
| be about to | menberirge deb turamaI am about to give | senberirge deb turasayou are about to give | olberirge deb turadıhe is about to give | bizberirge deb turabızwe are about to give | sizberirge deb turasızyou all are about to give | alaberirge deb turadılathey are about to give |
| be about to | menberirge deb turmaymaI am not about to give | senberirge deb turmaysayou are not about to give | olberirge deb turmaydıhe is not about to give | bizberirge deb turmaybızwe are not about to give | sizberirge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to give | alaberirge deb turmaydılathey are not about to give |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menberirge kerekmeI need to give | senberirge kerekseyou need to give | olberirge kerekdihe needs to give | bizberirge kerekbizwe need to give | sizberirge kereksizyou all need to give | alaberirge kerekdilethey need to give |
| need to | menberirge kerek tülmeI do not need to give | senberirge kerek tülseyou do not need to give | olberirge kerek tüldühe does not need to give | bizberirge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to give | sizberirge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to give | alaberirge kerek tüldülethey do not need to give |
| have to | menmenŋe berirge tüşediI have to give | sensenŋe berirge tüşediyou have to give | olaŋa berirge tüşedihe has to give | bizbizge berirge tüşediwe have to give | sizsizge berirge tüşediyou all have to give | alaalağa berirge tüşedithey have to give |
| have to | menmenŋe berirge tüşmeydiI do not have to give | sensenŋe berirge tüşmeydiyou do not have to give | olaŋa berirge tüşmeydihe does not have to give | bizbizge berirge tüşmeydiwe do not have to give | sizsizge berirge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to give | alaalağa berirge tüşmeydithey do not have to give |
| be obliged to | menberirge borçlumaI am obliged to give | senberirge borçlusayou are obliged to give | olberirge borçluduhe is obliged to give | bizberirge borçlubuzwe are obliged to give | sizberirge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to give | alaberirge borçludulathey are obliged to give |
| be obliged to | menberirge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to give | senberirge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to give | olberirge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to give | bizberirge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to give | sizberirge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to give | alaberirge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to give |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menberirge madarım bardıI have a way to give | senberirge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to give | olberirge madarı bardıhe has a way to give | bizberirge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to give | sizberirge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to give | alaberirge madarları bardıthey have a way to give |
| have a way to | menberirge madarım joqduI have no way to give | senberirge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to give | olberirge madarı joqduhe has no way to give | bizberirge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to give | sizberirge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to give | alaberirge madarları joqduthey have no way to give |
| be free to | menberirge erkinligim bardıI am free to give | senberirge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to give | olberirge erkinligi bardıhe is free to give | bizberirge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to give | sizberirge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to give | alaberirge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to give |
| be free to | menberirge erkinligim joqduI am not free to give | senberirge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to give | olberirge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to give | bizberirge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to give | sizberirge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to give | alaberirge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to give |
| be possible to | menmenŋe berirge bolluqduit is possible for me to give | sensenŋe berirge bolluqduit is possible for you to give | olaŋa berirge bolluqduit is possible for him to give | bizbizge berirge bolluqduit is possible for us to give | sizsizge berirge bolluqduit is possible for you all to give | alaalağa berirge bolluqduit is possible for them to give |
| be possible to | menmenŋe berirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to give | sensenŋe berirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to give | olaŋa berirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to give | bizbizge berirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to give | sizsizge berirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to give | alaalağa berirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to give |
| be ready to | menberirge hazırmaI am ready to give | senberirge hazırsayou are ready to give | olberirge hazırdıhe is ready to give | bizberirge hazırbızwe are ready to give | sizberirge hazırsızyou all are ready to give | alaberirge hazırdılathey are ready to give |
| be ready to | menberirge hazır tülmeI am not ready to give | senberirge hazır tülseyou are not ready to give | olberirge hazır tüldühe is not ready to give | bizberirge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to give | sizberirge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to give | alaberirge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to give |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menberirge küreşemeI am trying to give | senberirge küreşeseyou are trying to give | olberirge küreşedihe is trying to give | bizberirge küreşebizwe are trying to give | sizberirge küreşesizyou all are trying to give | alaberirge küreşedilethey are trying to give |
| try to | menberirge küreşmeymeI am not trying to give | senberirge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to give | olberirge küreşmeydihe is not trying to give | bizberirge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to give | sizberirge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to give | alaberirge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to give |
| agree to | menberirge unaymaI agree to give | senberirge unaysayou agree to give | olberirge unaydıhe agrees to give | bizberirge unaybızwe agree to give | sizberirge unaysızyou all agree to give | alaberirge unaydılathey agree to give |
| agree to | menberirge unamaymaI refuse to give | senberirge unamaysayou refuse to give | olberirge unamaydıhe refuses to give | bizberirge unamaybızwe refuse to give | sizberirge unamaysızyou all refuse to give | alaberirge unamaydılathey refuse to give |
| hurry to | menberirge aşığamaI am in a hurry to give | senberirge aşığasayou are in a hurry to give | olberirge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to give | bizberirge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to give | sizberirge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to give | alaberirge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to give |
| hurry to | menberirge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to give | senberirge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to give | olberirge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to give | bizberirge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to give | sizberirge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to give | alaberirge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to give |
| be afraid to | menberirge qorqamaI am afraid to give | senberirge qorqasayou are afraid to give | olberirge qorqadıhe is afraid to give | bizberirge qorqabızwe are afraid to give | sizberirge qorqasızyou all are afraid to give | alaberirge qorqadılathey are afraid to give |
| be afraid to | menberirge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to give | senberirge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to give | olberirge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to give | bizberirge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to give | sizberirge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to give | alaberirge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to give |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menbere bolmazmaI can't be giving | senbere bolmazsayou can't be giving | olbere bolmazhe can't be giving | bizbere bolmazbızwe can't be giving | sizbere bolmazsızyou all can't be giving | alabere bolmazlathey can't be giving |
| Inference, present — double negation | menbermey bolmazmaI must be giving (emphatic) | senbermey bolmazsayou must be giving (emphatic) | olbermey bolmazhe must be giving (emphatic) | bizbermey bolmazbızwe must be giving (emphatic) | sizbermey bolmazsızyou all must be giving (emphatic) | alabermey bolmazlathey must be giving (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menbere turmasamif I don't keep giving | senbere turmasaŋif you don't keep giving | olbere turmasaif he doesn't keep giving | bizbere turmasaqif we don't keep giving | sizbere turmasağızif you all don't keep giving | alabere turmasalaif they don't keep giving |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menbere tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of giving | senbere tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of giving | olbere tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of giving | bizbere tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of giving | sizbere tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of giving | alabere tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of giving |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menbermey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not giving (emphatic) | senbermey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not giving (emphatic) | olbermey tura bolmazhe must keep on not giving (emphatic) | bizbermey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not giving (emphatic) | sizbermey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not giving (emphatic) | alabermey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not giving (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menbermey turamaI keep on not giving | senbermey turasayou keep on not giving | olbermey turadıhe keeps on not giving | bizbermey turabızwe keep on not giving | sizbermey turasızyou all keep on not giving | alabermey turadılathey keep on not giving |
| Progressive — double negation | menbermey turmaymaI am not keeping on not giving | senbermey turmaysayou are not keeping on not giving | olbermey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not giving | bizbermey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not giving | sizbermey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not giving | alabermey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not giving |
| Progressive — double negation | menbermey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not giving? | senbermey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not giving? | olbermey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not giving? | bizbermey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not giving? | sizbermey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not giving? | alabermey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not giving? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menbergen bolmazmaI can't have given | senbergen bolmazsayou can't have given | olbergen bolmazhe can't have given | bizbergen bolmazbızwe can't have given | sizbergen bolmazsızyou all can't have given | alabergen bolmazlathey can't have given |
| Inference — double negation | menbermegen bolmazmaI must have given (emphatic) | senbermegen bolmazsayou must have given (emphatic) | olbermegen bolmazhe must have given (emphatic) | bizbermegen bolmazbızwe must have given (emphatic) | sizbermegen bolmazsızyou all must have given (emphatic) | alabermegen bolmazlathey must have given (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menbergen bolmasamif it weren't that I had given | senbergen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had given | olbergen bolmasaif it weren't that he had given | bizbergen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had given | sizbergen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had given | alabergen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had given |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menbermegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't given | senbermegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't given | olbermegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't given | bizbermegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't given | sizbermegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't given | alabermegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't given |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menberlik bolmazmaI can't be going to give | senberlik bolmazsayou can't be going to give | olberlik bolmazhe can't be going to give | bizberlik bolmazbızwe can't be going to give | sizberlik bolmazsızyou all can't be going to give | alaberlik bolmazlathey can't be going to give |
| Inference, future — double negation | menbermezlik bolmazmaI must be going to give (emphatic) | senbermezlik bolmazsayou must be going to give (emphatic) | olbermezlik bolmazhe must be going to give (emphatic) | bizbermezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to give (emphatic) | sizbermezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to give (emphatic) | alabermezlik bolmazlathey must be going to give (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menberlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to give | senberlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to give | olberlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to give | bizberlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to give | sizberlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to give | alaberlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to give |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menbermezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to give | senbermezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to give | olbermezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to give | bizbermezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to give | sizbermezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to give | alabermezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to give |