Karachay

bergen

/berɡen/

past participle of berirge →

(ptcp.) having given, having bestowed, donor — As a past participle it usually stands in front of the noun it describes. With a possessive ending it stands alone as "what one gave": bergenin artha almaydı "he does not take back what he gave".
  • bergen qol quru qalmaz — the giving hand will not stay empty
  • söz bergen adam sözün tutar — a person who gave his word keeps his word
  • bizge boluşluq bergen nöger keldi — the friend who gave us assistance has arrived
  • kitabnı bergen qart atağa — to the grandfather who gave the book
  • bergen qol alğan qoldan sıylıdı — the giving hand is more honorable than the taking hand
  • bergenin artha almaydı — he does not take back what he gave
  • bergeniŋ qabıl bolsun! — may what you gave be accepted!
  • bergeninden köb almazsa — you will not receive more than what you gave
  • bergen sütüŋ bla tileyme — I beg you by your milk that you gave

Which reading? Look at what follows.

bergen + nounthe one who gives (the noun is the doer)
bergen + noun with an owner endingthe thing someone gives
bergeni, nothing afterwhat someone gives
bergeni under bilirge, körürgethat someone gives

With an owner

mybergenimmy having given
yourbergeniŋyour having given
his / herbergenihis / her having given
ourbergenibizour having given
you all'sbergenigizyou all's having given
theirbergenleritheir having given

Cases with an owner

The endings on bergeni, the form with a third-person owner. Every other owner takes the same six.

nominativebergenihis / her having given
genitivebergeninihis / her having given's
accusativebergeninhis / her having given
dativebergenineto his / her having given
locativebergenindewhen he / she gave
ablativebergenindenafter he / she gave

Negative

the negativebermegenthe one that didn't give
his / herbermegenihis / her not having given