eterge
/eterɡe/
1. do, perform, carry out — Also covers holding or arranging something, such as a celebration, an experiment or a reception, and committing a deed, such as a crime or a feat.
- ne eteyik? — what shall we do?
- ne eterge da bilmeyme — I do not know what to do
- ne etese? — what are you doing?
- alay etme! — do not do that!
- men iş eteme — I am doing work
- aythanımı etmeydi — he does not do what I say
2. make, produce, manufacture — Covers building a road or house, cooking a meal, brewing tea, lighting a fire, composing a song and making clothes.
- aşarıq eterge — to make a meal
- jol eterge — to build a road
- jır eterge — to compose a song
- çıpçıq uya etedi — the little bird builds a nest
- çınday eterge — to knit stockings
3. behave, act — With a dative object it means treat someone a certain way: aŋa aman etdile they treated him badly.
- ol tüz etgendi — he acted rightly
- sabiylik eterge — to behave like a child
- aman etgendi — he has acted badly
- aŋa aman etdile — they treated him badly
4. make into, turn into, render: bring someone or something into a given state or role
- suwnu par eterge — to turn water into steam
- aç eterge — to starve, to make hungry
5. auxiliary verb forming compound verbs with nouns, as in sağış eterge think and qayğı eterge worry
- sağış eterge — to think
- qayğı eterge — to worry
- naqırda eterge — to joke
- ne eteriŋi alğadan sağış et — think in advance about what you will do
6. put, place, stow — With ne this verb asks where something has been put.
- sen kitabnı ne etdiŋ? — where did you put the book?
- kitabnı sandıqğa etdim — I put the book in the chest
- açhanı sandıqğa etdi — he stowed the money in the chest
7. shut, close
- eşikni eterge kerekdi — the door must be shut
- terezeni et — shut the window
- eşikni etdile — they shut the door
8. solve (a math problem)
- zadaçnı eterge — to solve the problem
Expressions
- adam tanımazça eterge — beat beyond recognition
- ağaçnı kesinden çüy etib jaradıla — betrayed from within
- Allahnı arağa salıb ant eterge — swear by God; to tell the truth
- amma-jukka eterge — hop on one foot
Conjugation
Common forms
- etedihe is doing
- etdihe did
- etgendihe has done
- eterhe will do
- eterikdihe is going to do
- ete edihe was doing
- etseif he does
- et!do!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menetemeI am doing | seneteseyou are doing | oletedihe is doing | bizetebizwe are doing | sizetesizyou all are doing | alaetedilethey are doing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menetmeymeI am not doing | senetmeyseyou are not doing | oletmeydihe is not doing | bizetmeybizwe are not doing | sizetmeysizyou all are not doing | alaetmeydilethey are not doing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menetememi? etemime?am I doing? | senetemise?are you doing? | oletemidi?is he doing? | bizetebizmi? etemibiz?are we doing? | sizetemisiz?are you all doing? | alaetemidile?are they doing? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menetmeymemi? etmeymime?aren't I doing? | senetmeymise?aren't you doing? | oletmeymidi?isn't he doing? | bizetmeybizmi? etmeymibiz?aren't we doing? | sizetmeymisiz?aren't you all doing? | alaetmeymidile?aren't they doing? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menetiwçenmeI usually do | senetiwçenseyou usually do | oletiwçendihe usually does | bizetiwçenbizwe usually do | sizetiwçensizyou all usually do | alaetiwçendilethey usually do |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menetmewçenmeI usually don't do | senetmewçenseyou usually don't do | oletmewçendihe usually doesn't do | bizetmewçenbizwe usually don't do | sizetmewçensizyou all usually don't do | alaetmewçendilethey usually don't do |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menetiwçenmemi? etiwçenmime?do I usually do? | senetiwçenmise?do you usually do? | oletiwçenmidi?does he usually do? | bizetiwçenbizmi? etiwçenmibiz?do we usually do? | sizetiwçenmisiz?do you all usually do? | alaetiwçenmidile?do they usually do? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menetmewçenmemi? etmewçenmime?do I usually not do? | senetmewçenmise?do you usually not do? | oletmewçenmidi?does he usually not do? | bizetmewçenbizmi? etmewçenmibiz?do we usually not do? | sizetmewçenmisiz?do you all usually not do? | alaetmewçenmidile?do they usually not do? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oletibdihe has done and remains so | alaetibdilethey have done and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oletibmidi?has he done? | alaetibmidile?have they done? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menetib turamaI keep doing | senetib turasayou keep doing | oletib turadıhe keeps doing | bizetib turabızwe keep doing | sizetib turasızyou all keep doing | alaetib turadılathey keep doing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menetib turmaymaI don't keep doing | senetib turmaysayou don't keep doing | oletib turmaydıhe doesn't keep doing | bizetib turmaybızwe don't keep doing | sizetib turmaysızyou all don't keep doing | alaetib turmaydılathey don't keep doing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menetib turamamı? etib turamıma?do I keep doing? | senetib turamısa?do you keep doing? | oletib turamıdı?does he keep doing? | bizetib turabızmı? etib turamıbız?do we keep doing? | sizetib turamısız?do you all keep doing? | alaetib turamıdıla?do they keep doing? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menetib turmaymamı? etib turmaymıma?don't I keep doing? | senetib turmaymısa?don't you keep doing? | oletib turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep doing? | bizetib turmaybızmı? etib turmaymıbız?don't we keep doing? | sizetib turmaymısız?don't you all keep doing? | alaetib turmaymıdıla?don't they keep doing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menete turamaI am in the middle of doing | senete turasayou are in the middle of doing | olete turadıhe is in the middle of doing | bizete turabızwe are in the middle of doing | sizete turasızyou all are in the middle of doing | alaete turadılathey are in the middle of doing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menete turmaymaI am not in the middle of doing | senete turmaysayou are not in the middle of doing | olete turmaydıhe is not in the middle of doing | bizete turmaybızwe are not in the middle of doing | sizete turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of doing | alaete turmaydılathey are not in the middle of doing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menete turamamı? ete turamıma?am I in the middle of doing? | senete turamısa?are you in the middle of doing? | olete turamıdı?is he in the middle of doing? | bizete turabızmı? ete turamıbız?are we in the middle of doing? | sizete turamısız?are you all in the middle of doing? | alaete turamıdıla?are they in the middle of doing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menete turmaymamı? ete turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of doing? | senete turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of doing? | olete turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of doing? | bizete turmaybızmı? ete turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of doing? | sizete turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of doing? | alaete turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of doing? |
| Simple past (definite) | menetdimI did | senetdiŋyou did | oletdihe did | bizetdikwe did | sizetdigizyou all did | alaetdilethey did |
| Simple past (definite) | menetmedimI didn't do | senetmediŋyou didn't do | oletmedihe didn't do | bizetmedikwe didn't do | sizetmedigizyou all didn't do | alaetmedilethey didn't do |
| Simple past (definite) | menetdimmi?did I do? | senetdiŋmi?did you do? | oletdimi?did he do? | bizetdikmi?did we do? | sizetdigizmi?did you all do? | alaetdilemi?did they do? |
| Simple past (definite) | menetmedimmi?didn't I do? | senetmediŋmi?didn't you do? | oletmedimi?didn't he do? | bizetmedikmi?didn't we do? | sizetmedigizmi?didn't you all do? | alaetmedilemi?didn't they do? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menetgenmeI have done | senetgenseyou have done | oletgendihe has done | bizetgenbizwe have done | sizetgensizyou all have done | alaetgendilethey have done |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menetmegenmeI haven't done | senetmegenseyou haven't done | oletmegendihe hasn't done | bizetmegenbizwe haven't done | sizetmegensizyou all haven't done | alaetmegendilethey haven't done |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menetgenmemi? etgenmime?have I done? | senetgenmise?have you done? | oletgenmidi?has he done? | bizetgenbizmi? etgenmibiz?have we done? | sizetgenmisiz?have you all done? | alaetgenmidile?have they done? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menetmegenmemi? etmegenmime?haven't I done? | senetmegenmise?haven't you done? | oletmegenmidi?hasn't he done? | bizetmegenbizmi? etmegenmibiz?haven't we done? | sizetmegenmisiz?haven't you all done? | alaetmegenmidile?haven't they done? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menetib turdumI kept doing | senetib turduŋyou kept doing | oletib turduhe kept doing | bizetib turduqwe kept doing | sizetib turduğuzyou all kept doing | alaetib turdulathey kept doing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menetib turmadımI didn't keep doing | senetib turmadıŋyou didn't keep doing | oletib turmadıhe didn't keep doing | bizetib turmadıqwe didn't keep doing | sizetib turmadığızyou all didn't keep doing | alaetib turmadılathey didn't keep doing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menetermeI will do | seneterseyou will do | oleterhe will do | bizeterbizwe will do | sizetersizyou all will do | alaeterlethey will do |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menetmezmeI won't do | senetmezseyou won't do | oletmezhe won't do | bizetmezbizwe won't do | sizetmezsizyou all won't do | alaetmezlethey won't do |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menetermemi? etermime?will I do? | senetermise?will you do? | oletermi?will he do? | bizeterbizmi? etermibiz?will we do? | sizetermisiz?will you all do? | alaeterlemi? etermile?will they do? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menetmezmemi? etmezmime?won't I do? | senetmezmise?won't you do? | oletmezmi?won't he do? | bizetmezbizmi? etmezmibiz?won't we do? | sizetmezmisiz?won't you all do? | alaetmezlemi? etmezmile?won't they do? |
| Definite future (future II) | meneterikmeI am going to do | seneterikseyou are going to do | oleterikdihe is going to do | bizeterikbizwe are going to do | sizeteriksizyou all are going to do | alaeterikdilethey are going to do |
| Definite future (future II) | meneterik tülmeI am not going to do | seneterik tülseyou are not going to do | oleterik tüldühe is not going to do | bizeterik tülbüzwe are not going to do | sizeterik tülsüzyou all are not going to do | alaeterik tüldülethey are not going to do |
| Definite future (future II) | meneterikmemi? eterikmime?am I going to do? | seneterikmise?are you going to do? | oleterikmidi?is he going to do? | bizeterikbizmi? eterikmibiz?are we going to do? | sizeterikmisiz?are you all going to do? | alaeterikmidile?are they going to do? |
| Definite future (future II) | meneterik tülmüme?aren't I going to do? | seneterik tülmüse?aren't you going to do? | oleterik tülmüdü?isn't he going to do? | bizeterik tülmübüz?aren't we going to do? | sizeterik tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to do? | alaeterik tülmüdüle?aren't they going to do? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menetgen edimetgenemI had done | senetgen ediŋetgeneŋyou had done | oletgen edietgenedhe had done | bizetgen ediketgenekwe had done | sizetgen edigizetgenegizyou all had done | alaetgen edileetgenellethey had done |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menetmegen edimetmegenemI hadn't done | senetmegen ediŋetmegeneŋyou hadn't done | oletmegen edietmegenedhe hadn't done | bizetmegen ediketmegenekwe hadn't done | sizetmegen edigizetmegenegizyou all hadn't done | alaetmegen edileetmegenellethey hadn't done |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menete edimetemI was doing | senete ediŋeteŋyou were doing | olete edietedhe was doing | bizete ediketekwe were doing | sizete edigizetegizyou all were doing | alaete edileetellethey were doing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menetmey edimetmeyemI wasn't doing | senetmey ediŋetmeyeŋyou weren't doing | oletmey edietmeyedhe wasn't doing | bizetmey ediketmeyekwe weren't doing | sizetmey edigizetmeyegizyou all weren't doing | alaetmey edileetmeyellethey weren't doing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menetiwçen edimetiwçenemI used to do | senetiwçen ediŋetiwçeneŋyou used to do | oletiwçen edietiwçenedhe used to do | bizetiwçen ediketiwçenekwe used to do | sizetiwçen edigizetiwçenegizyou all used to do | alaetiwçen edileetiwçenellethey used to do |
| Habitual past (used to) | menetmewçen edimetmewçenemI didn't use to do | senetmewçen ediŋetmewçeneŋyou didn't use to do | oletmewçen edietmewçenedhe didn't use to do | bizetmewçen ediketmewçenekwe didn't use to do | sizetmewçen edigizetmewçenegizyou all didn't use to do | alaetmewçen edileetmewçenellethey didn't use to do |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oletib edihe had done and remained so | alaetib edilethey had done and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oletib tül edihe hadn't done | alaetib tül edilethey hadn't done | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menetib tura edimetib turaemI had kept doing | senetib tura ediŋetib turaeŋyou had kept doing | oletib tura edietib turaedhe had kept doing | bizetib tura ediketib turaekwe had kept doing | sizetib tura edigizetib turaegizyou all had kept doing | alaetib tura edileetib turaellethey had kept doing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menetib turmay edimetib turmayemI hadn't kept doing | senetib turmay ediŋetib turmayeŋyou hadn't kept doing | oletib turmay edietib turmayedhe hadn't kept doing | bizetib turmay ediketib turmayekwe hadn't kept doing | sizetib turmay edigizetib turmayegizyou all hadn't kept doing | alaetib turmay edileetib turmayellethey hadn't kept doing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menete tura edimete turaemI was in the middle of doing | senete tura ediŋete turaeŋyou were in the middle of doing | olete tura ediete turaedhe was in the middle of doing | bizete tura edikete turaekwe were in the middle of doing | sizete tura edigizete turaegizyou all were in the middle of doing | alaete tura edileete turaellethey were in the middle of doing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menete turmay edimete turmayemI wasn't in the middle of doing | senete turmay ediŋete turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of doing | olete turmay ediete turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of doing | bizete turmay edikete turmayekwe weren't in the middle of doing | sizete turmay edigizete turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of doing | alaete turmay edileete turmayellethey weren't in the middle of doing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | meneter edimeter emI would do | seneter ediŋeter eŋyou would do | oleter edieter edhe would do | bizeter ediketer ekwe would do | sizeter edigizeter egizyou all would do | alaeter edileeter ellethey would do |
| Conditional result (would) | menetmez edimetmez emI wouldn't do | senetmez ediŋetmez eŋyou wouldn't do | oletmez edietmez edhe wouldn't do | bizetmez ediketmez ekwe wouldn't do | sizetmez edigizetmez egizyou all wouldn't do | alaetmez edileetmez ellethey wouldn't do |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | meneterik edimeterik emI would have done | seneterik ediŋeterik eŋyou would have done | oleterik edieterik edhe would have done | bizeterik ediketerik ekwe would have done | sizeterik edigizeterik egizyou all would have done | alaeterik edileeterik ellethey would have done |
| Past conditional result (would have) | meneterik tül edimeterik tül emI wouldn't have done | seneterik tül ediŋeterik tül eŋyou wouldn't have done | oleterik tül edieterik tül edhe wouldn't have done | bizeterik tül ediketerik tül ekwe wouldn't have done | sizeterik tül edigizeterik tül egizyou all wouldn't have done | alaeterik tül edileeterik tül ellethey wouldn't have done |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menetsemif I do | senetseŋif you do | oletseif he does | bizetsekif we do | sizetsegizif you all do | alaetseleif they do |
| Conditional | menetmesemif I don't do | senetmeseŋif you don't do | oletmeseif he doesn't do | bizetmesekif we don't do | sizetmesegizif you all don't do | alaetmeseleif they don't do |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menete esemif I am doing | senete eseŋif you are doing | olete eseif he is doing | bizete esekif we are doing | sizete esegizif you all are doing | alaete eseleif they are doing |
| Conditional, present real | menetmey esemif I am not doing | senetmey eseŋif you are not doing | oletmey eseif he is not doing | bizetmey esekif we are not doing | sizetmey esegizif you all are not doing | alaetmey eseleif they are not doing |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menetsem edietsem edif only I did | senetseŋ edietseŋ edif only you did | oletse edietsedif only he did | bizetsek edietsek edif only we did | sizetsegiz edietsegiz edif only you all did | alaetsele edietseledif only they did |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menetmesem edietmesem edif only I didn't do | senetmeseŋ edietmeseŋ edif only you didn't do | oletmese edietmesedif only he didn't do | bizetmesek edietmesek edif only we didn't do | sizetmesegiz edietmesegiz edif only you all didn't do | alaetmesele edietmeseledif only they didn't do |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menetib tursamif I carry on doing | senetib tursaŋif you carry on doing | oletib tursaif he carries on doing | bizetib tursaqif we carry on doing | sizetib tursağızif you all carry on doing | alaetib tursalaif they carry on doing |
| Durative conditional | menetib turmasamif I don't carry on doing | senetib turmasaŋif you don't carry on doing | oletib turmasaif he doesn't carry on doing | bizetib turmasaqif we don't carry on doing | sizetib turmasağızif you all don't carry on doing | alaetib turmasalaif they don't carry on doing |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menetib tura esemif I have kept doing | senetib tura eseŋif you have kept doing | oletib tura eseif he has kept doing | bizetib tura esekif we have kept doing | sizetib tura esegizif you all have kept doing | alaetib tura eseleif they have kept doing |
| Durative conditional, present real | menetib turmay esemif I haven't kept doing | senetib turmay eseŋif you haven't kept doing | oletib turmay eseif he hasn't kept doing | bizetib turmay esekif we haven't kept doing | sizetib turmay esegizif you all haven't kept doing | alaetib turmay eseleif they haven't kept doing |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menete tursamif I keep doing | senete tursaŋif you keep doing | olete tursaif he keeps doing | bizete tursaqif we keep doing | sizete tursağızif you all keep doing | alaete tursalaif they keep doing |
| Progressive conditional | menetmey tursamif I keep on not doing | senetmey tursaŋif you keep on not doing | oletmey tursaif he keeps on not doing | bizetmey tursaqif we keep on not doing | sizetmey tursağızif you all keep on not doing | alaetmey tursalaif they keep on not doing |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menete tura esemif I am in the middle of doing | senete tura eseŋif you are in the middle of doing | olete tura eseif he is in the middle of doing | bizete tura esekif we are in the middle of doing | sizete tura esegizif you all are in the middle of doing | alaete tura eseleif they are in the middle of doing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menetmey tura esemif I keep on not doing | senetmey tura eseŋif you keep on not doing | oletmey tura eseif he keeps on not doing | bizetmey tura esekif we keep on not doing | sizetmey tura esegizif you all keep on not doing | alaetmey tura eseleif they keep on not doing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menetdim esemif I did | senetdiŋ eseŋif you did | oletdi eseif he did | bizetdik esekif we did | sizetdigiz esegizif you all did | alaetdile eseleif they did |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menetmedim esemif I didn't do | senetmediŋ eseŋif you didn't do | oletmedi eseif he didn't do | bizetmedik esekif we didn't do | sizetmedigiz esegizif you all didn't do | alaetmedile eseleif they didn't do |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menetgen esemif I did do (indeed) | senetgen eseŋif you did do (indeed) | oletgen eseif he did do (indeed) | bizetgen esekif we did do (indeed) | sizetgen esegizif you all did do (indeed) | alaetgen eseleif they did do (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menetmegen esemif I didn't do (indeed) | senetmegen eseŋif you didn't do (indeed) | oletmegen eseif he didn't do (indeed) | bizetmegen esekif we didn't do (indeed) | sizetmegen esegizif you all didn't do (indeed) | alaetmegen eseleif they didn't do (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menetgen bolsamif I had done | senetgen bolsaŋif you had done | oletgen bolsaif he had done | bizetgen bolsaqif we had done | sizetgen bolsağızif you all had done | alaetgen bolsalaif they had done |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menetmegen bolsamif I hadn't done | senetmegen bolsaŋif you hadn't done | oletmegen bolsaif he hadn't done | bizetmegen bolsaqif we hadn't done | sizetmegen bolsağızif you all hadn't done | alaetmegen bolsalaif they hadn't done |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menetgen bolsam edietgen bolsam edif only I had done | senetgen bolsaŋ edietgen bolsaŋ edif only you had done | oletgen bolsa edietgen bolsaedif only he had done | bizetgen bolsaq edietgen bolsaq edif only we had done | sizetgen bolsağız edietgen bolsağız edif only you all had done | alaetgen bolsala edietgen bolsalaedif only they had done |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menetmegen bolsam edietmegen bolsam edif only I hadn't done | senetmegen bolsaŋ edietmegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't done | oletmegen bolsa edietmegen bolsaedif only he hadn't done | bizetmegen bolsaq edietmegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't done | sizetmegen bolsağız edietmegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't done | alaetmegen bolsala edietmegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't done |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | meneter esemif I will do | seneter eseŋif you will do | oleter eseif he will do | bizeter esekif we will do | sizeter esegizif you all will do | alaeter eseleif they will do |
| Conditional, aorist | menetmez esemif I won't do | senetmez eseŋif you won't do | oletmez eseif he won't do | bizetmez esekif we won't do | sizetmez esegizif you all won't do | alaetmez eseleif they won't do |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | meneterik esemif I am going to do | seneterik eseŋif you are going to do | oleterik eseif he is going to do | bizeterik esekif we are going to do | sizeterik esegizif you all are going to do | alaeterik eseleif they are going to do |
| Conditional, future | meneterik tül esemif I am not going to do | seneterik tül eseŋif you are not going to do | oleterik tül eseif he is not going to do | bizeterik tül esekif we are not going to do | sizeterik tül esegizif you all are not going to do | alaeterik tül eseleif they are not going to do |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | meneterik bolsamif I were going to do | seneterik bolsaŋif you were going to do | oleterik bolsaif he were going to do | bizeterik bolsaqif we were going to do | sizeterik bolsağızif you all were going to do | alaeterik bolsalaif they were going to do |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menetmezlik bolsamif I were not going to do | senetmezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to do | oletmezlik bolsaif he were not going to do | bizetmezlik bolsaqif we were not going to do | sizetmezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to do | alaetmezlik bolsalaif they were not going to do |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso etdiŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menete bolurmaI must be doing | senete bolursayou must be doing | olete bolurhe must be doing | bizete bolurbuzwe must be doing | sizete bolursuzyou all must be doing | alaete bolurlathey must be doing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menetmey bolurmaI must not be doing | senetmey bolursayou must not be doing | oletmey bolurhe must not be doing | bizetmey bolurbuzwe must not be doing | sizetmey bolursuzyou all must not be doing | alaetmey bolurlathey must not be doing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menete tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of doing | senete tura bolursayou must be in the middle of doing | olete tura bolurhe must be in the middle of doing | bizete tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of doing | sizete tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of doing | alaete tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of doing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menetmey tura bolurmaI must keep on not doing | senetmey tura bolursayou must keep on not doing | oletmey tura bolurhe must keep on not doing | bizetmey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not doing | sizetmey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not doing | alaetmey tura bolurlathey must keep on not doing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menetgen bolurmaI must have done | senetgen bolursayou must have done | oletgen bolurhe must have done | bizetgen bolurbuzwe must have done | sizetgen bolursuzyou all must have done | alaetgen bolurlathey must have done |
| Inference (must have) | menetmegen bolurmaI must not have done | senetmegen bolursayou must not have done | oletmegen bolurhe must not have done | bizetmegen bolurbuzwe must not have done | sizetmegen bolursuzyou all must not have done | alaetmegen bolurlathey must not have done |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | meneterik bolurmaI must be going to do | seneterik bolursayou must be going to do | oleterik bolurhe must be going to do | bizeterik bolurbuzwe must be going to do | sizeterik bolursuzyou all must be going to do | alaeterik bolurlathey must be going to do |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menetmezlik bolurmaI must not be going to do | senetmezlik bolursayou must not be going to do | oletmezlik bolurhe must not be going to do | bizetmezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to do | sizetmezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to do | alaetmezlik bolurlathey must not be going to do |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | meneteyimlet me do | senet!do! | oletsinlet him do | bizeteyiklet's do | sizetigiz!do, you all! | alaetsinlelet them do |
| Commands & suggestions | menetmeyimlet me not do | senetme!don't do! | oletmesinlet him not do | bizetmeyiklet's not do | sizetmegiz!don't do, you all! | alaetmesinlelet them not do |
| Commands & suggestions | meneteyimmi?shall I do? | oletsinmi?should he do? | bizeteyikmi?shall we do? | alaetsinlemi?should they do? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menetmeyimmi?shall I not do? | oletmesinmi?should he not do? | bizetmeyikmi?shall we not do? | alaetmesinlemi?should they not do? | ||
| Requests | senetçi2etçinplease do | oletsinçido let him do | sizetçigizplease do (plural/polite) | alaetsinleçido let them do | ||
| Requests | senetmeçi2etmeçinplease don't do | oletmesinçido let him not do | sizetmeçigizplease don't do (plural/polite) | alaetmesinleçido let them not do | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senetginetgimay you do | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senetmeginetmegimay you not do | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menetgey edim etge edimwould that I did | senetgey ediŋ etge ediŋwould that you did | oletgey edi etge ediwould that he did | bizetgey edik etge edikwould that we did | sizetgey edigiz etge edigizwould that you all did | alaetgey edile etge edilewould that they did |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menetmegey edim etmege edimwould that I did not do | senetmegey ediŋ etmege ediŋwould that you did not do | oletmegey edi etmege ediwould that he did not do | bizetmegey edik etmege edikwould that we did not do | sizetmegey edigiz etmege edigizwould that you all did not do | alaetmegey edile etmege edilewould that they did not do |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menetmege qoyayımetme qoyayımlet me allow someone to do | senetmege qoy!etme qoy!let someone do! | oletmege qoysunetme qoysunlet him allow someone to do | bizetmege qoyayıqetme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to do | sizetmege qoyuğuz!etme qoyuğuz!let someone do, you all! | alaetmege qoysunlaetme qoysunlalet them allow someone to do |
| Let someone… (commands) | menetmege qoymayımetme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to do | senetmege qoyma!etme qoyma!don't let someone do! | oletmege qoymasınetme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to do | bizetmege qoymayıqetme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to do | sizetmege qoymağız!etme qoymağız!don't let someone do, you all! | alaetmege qoymasınlaetme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to do |
| Let someone… (commands) | menetmege qoyayımmı?etme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to do? | oletmege qoysunmu?etme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to do? | bizetmege qoyayıqmı?etme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to do? | alaetmege qoysunlamı?etme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to do? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menetmege qoymayımmı?etme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to do? | oletmege qoymasınmı?etme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to do? | bizetmege qoymayıqmı?etme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to do? | alaetmege qoymasınlamı?etme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to do? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menetmege qoyamaetme qoyamaI allow someone to do | senetmege qoyasaetme qoyasayou allow someone to do | oletmege qoyadıetme qoyadıhe allows someone to do | bizetmege qoyabızetme qoyabızwe allow someone to do | sizetmege qoyasızetme qoyasızyou all allow someone to do | alaetmege qoyadılaetme qoyadılathey allow someone to do |
| Let someone… (present) | menetmege qoymaymaetme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to do | senetmege qoymaysaetme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to do | oletmege qoymaydıetme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to do | bizetmege qoymaybızetme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to do | sizetmege qoymaysızetme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to do | alaetmege qoymaydılaetme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to do |
| Let someone… (present) | menetmege qoyamamı?etme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to do? | senetmege qoyamısa?etme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to do? | oletmege qoyamıdı?etme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to do? | bizetmege qoyabızmı?etme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to do? | sizetmege qoyamısız?etme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to do? | alaetmege qoyamıdıla?etme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to do? |
| Let someone… (present) | menetmege qoymaymamı?etme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to do? | senetmege qoymaymısa?etme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to do? | oletmege qoymaymıdı?etme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to do? | bizetmege qoymaybızmı?etme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to do? | sizetmege qoymaymısız?etme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to do? | alaetmege qoymaymıdıla?etme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to do? |
| Let someone… (past) | menetmege qoydumetme qoydumI allowed someone to do | senetmege qoyduŋetme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to do | oletmege qoyduetme qoyduhe allowed someone to do | bizetmege qoyduqetme qoyduqwe allowed someone to do | sizetmege qoyduğuzetme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to do | alaetmege qoydulaetme qoydulathey allowed someone to do |
| Let someone… (past) | menetmege qoymadımetme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to do | senetmege qoymadıŋetme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to do | oletmege qoymadıetme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to do | bizetmege qoymadıqetme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to do | sizetmege qoymadığızetme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to do | alaetmege qoymadılaetme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to do |
| Let someone… (past) | menetmege qoydummu?etme qoydummu?did I allow someone to do? | senetmege qoyduŋmu?etme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to do? | oletmege qoydumu?etme qoydumu?did he allow someone to do? | bizetmege qoyduqmu?etme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to do? | sizetmege qoyduğuzmu?etme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to do? | alaetmege qoydulamı?etme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to do? |
| Let someone… (past) | menetmege qoymadımmı?etme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to do? | senetmege qoymadıŋmı?etme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to do? | oletmege qoymadımı?etme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to do? | bizetmege qoymadıqmı?etme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to do? | sizetmege qoymadığızmı?etme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to do? | alaetmege qoymadılamı?etme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to do? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menetalamaI can do | senetalasayou can do | oletaladıhe can do | bizetalabızwe can do | sizetalasızyou all can do | alaetaladılathey can do |
| Ability — present | menetalmaymaI can't do | senetalmaysayou can't do | oletalmaydıhe can't do | bizetalmaybızwe can't do | sizetalmaysızyou all can't do | alaetalmaydılathey can't do |
| Ability — present | menetalamamı? etalamıma?can I do? | senetalamısa?can you do? | oletalamıdı?can he do? | bizetalabızmı? etalamıbız?can we do? | sizetalamısız?can you all do? | alaetalamıdıla?can they do? |
| Ability — present | menetalmaymamı? etalmaymıma?can't I do? | senetalmaymısa?can't you do? | oletalmaymıdı?can't he do? | bizetalmaybızmı? etalmaymıbız?can't we do? | sizetalmaymısız?can't you all do? | alaetalmaymıdıla?can't they do? |
| Ability — if I can… | menetalsamif I can do | senetalsaŋif you can do | oletalsaif he can do | bizetalsaqif we can do | sizetalsağızif you all can do | alaetalsalaif they can do |
| Ability — if I can… | menetalmasamif I can't do | senetalmasaŋif you can't do | oletalmasaif he can't do | bizetalmasaqif we can't do | sizetalmasağızif you all can't do | alaetalmasalaif they can't do |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menetaldımI was able to do | senetaldıŋyou were able to do | oletaldıhe was able to do | bizetaldıqwe were able to do | sizetaldığızyou all were able to do | alaetaldılathey were able to do |
| Ability — simple past | menetalmadımI could not do | senetalmadıŋyou could not do | oletalmadıhe could not do | bizetalmadıqwe could not do | sizetalmadığızyou all could not do | alaetalmadılathey could not do |
| Ability — simple past | menetaldımmı?was I able to do? | senetaldıŋmı?were you able to do? | oletaldımı?was he able to do? | bizetaldıqmı?were we able to do? | sizetaldığızmı?were you all able to do? | alaetaldılamı?were they able to do? |
| Ability — simple past | menetalmadımmı?couldn't I do? | senetalmadıŋmı?couldn't you do? | oletalmadımı?couldn't he do? | bizetalmadıqmı?couldn't we do? | sizetalmadığızmı?couldn't you all do? | alaetalmadılamı?couldn't they do? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menetalğanmaI have been able to do | senetalğansayou have been able to do | oletalğandıhe has been able to do | bizetalğanbızwe have been able to do | sizetalğansızyou all have been able to do | alaetalğandılathey have been able to do |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menetalmağanmaI haven't been able to do | senetalmağansayou haven't been able to do | oletalmağandıhe hasn't been able to do | bizetalmağanbızwe haven't been able to do | sizetalmağansızyou all haven't been able to do | alaetalmağandılathey haven't been able to do |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menetalğanmamı? etalğanmıma?have I been able to do? | senetalğanmısa?have you been able to do? | oletalğanmıdı?has he been able to do? | bizetalğanbızmı? etalğanmıbız?have we been able to do? | sizetalğanmısız?have you all been able to do? | alaetalğanmıdıla?have they been able to do? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menetalmağanmamı? etalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to do? | senetalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to do? | oletalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to do? | bizetalmağanbızmı? etalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to do? | sizetalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to do? | alaetalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to do? |
| Ability — past perfect | menetalğan edimetalğanemI had been able to do | senetalğan ediŋetalğaneŋyou had been able to do | oletalğan edietalğanedhe had been able to do | bizetalğan ediketalğanekwe had been able to do | sizetalğan edigizetalğanegizyou all had been able to do | alaetalğan edileetalğanellethey had been able to do |
| Ability — past perfect | menetalmağan edimetalmağanemI hadn't been able to do | senetalmağan ediŋetalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to do | oletalmağan edietalmağanedhe hadn't been able to do | bizetalmağan ediketalmağanekwe hadn't been able to do | sizetalmağan edigizetalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to do | alaetalmağan edileetalmağanellethey hadn't been able to do |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menetala edimetalaemI could do | senetala ediŋetalaeŋyou could do | oletala edietalaedhe could do | bizetala ediketalaekwe could do | sizetala edigizetalaegizyou all could do | alaetala edileetalaellethey could do |
| Ability — past background | menetalmay edimetalmayemI could not do | senetalmay ediŋetalmayeŋyou could not do | oletalmay edietalmayedhe could not do | bizetalmay ediketalmayekwe could not do | sizetalmay edigizetalmayegizyou all could not do | alaetalmay edileetalmayellethey could not do |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menetalırmaI will be able to do | senetalırsayou will be able to do | oletalırhe will be able to do | bizetalırbızwe will be able to do | sizetalırsızyou all will be able to do | alaetalırlathey will be able to do |
| Ability — future I | menetalmazmaI won't be able to do | senetalmazsayou won't be able to do | oletalmazhe won't be able to do | bizetalmazbızwe won't be able to do | sizetalmazsızyou all won't be able to do | alaetalmazlathey won't be able to do |
| Ability — future I | menetalırmamı? etalırmıma?will I be able to do? | senetalırmısa?will you be able to do? | oletalırmı?will he be able to do? | bizetalırbızmı? etalırmıbız?will we be able to do? | sizetalırmısız?will you all be able to do? | alaetalırlamı? etalırmıla?will they be able to do? |
| Ability — future I | menetalmazmamı? etalmazmıma?won't I be able to do? | senetalmazmısa?won't you be able to do? | oletalmazmı?won't he be able to do? | bizetalmazbızmı? etalmazmıbız?won't we be able to do? | sizetalmazmısız?won't you all be able to do? | alaetalmazlamı? etalmazmıla?won't they be able to do? |
| Ability — future II | menetallıqmaI am going to be able to do | senetallıqsayou are going to be able to do | oletallıqdıhe is going to be able to do | bizetallıqbızwe are going to be able to do | sizetallıqsızyou all are going to be able to do | alaetallıqdılathey are going to be able to do |
| Ability — future II | menetallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to do | senetallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to do | oletallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to do | bizetallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to do | sizetallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to do | alaetallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to do |
| Ability — future II | menetallıqmamı? etallıqmıma?am I going to be able to do? | senetallıqmısa?are you going to be able to do? | oletallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to do? | bizetallıqbızmı? etallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to do? | sizetallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to do? | alaetallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to do? |
| Ability — future II | menetallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to do? | senetallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to do? | oletallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to do? | bizetallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to do? | sizetallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to do? | alaetallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to do? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menetalır edimetalır emI would be able to do | senetalır ediŋetalır eŋyou would be able to do | oletalır edietalır edhe would be able to do | bizetalır ediketalır ekwe would be able to do | sizetalır edigizetalır egizyou all would be able to do | alaetalır edileetalır ellethey would be able to do |
| Ability — would be able to… | menetalmaz edimetalmaz emI wouldn't be able to do | senetalmaz ediŋetalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to do | oletalmaz edietalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to do | bizetalmaz ediketalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to do | sizetalmaz edigizetalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to do | alaetalmaz edileetalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to do |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senetalğınetalğımay you be able to do | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senetalmağınetalmağımay you not be able to do | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | meneterge izleymeI want to do | seneterge izleyseyou want to do | oleterge izleydihe wants to do | bizeterge izleybizwe want to do | sizeterge izleysizyou all want to do | alaeterge izleydilethey want to do |
| want to | meneterge izlemeymeI do not want to do | seneterge izlemeyseyou do not want to do | oleterge izlemeydihe does not want to do | bizeterge izlemeybizwe do not want to do | sizeterge izlemeysizyou all do not want to do | alaeterge izlemeydilethey do not want to do |
| would like to | meneterge süemeI would like to do | seneterge süeseyou would like to do | oleterge süedihe would like to do | bizeterge süebizwe would like to do | sizeterge süesizyou all would like to do | alaeterge süedilethey would like to do |
| would like to | meneterge süymeymeI would not like to do | seneterge süymeyseyou would not like to do | oleterge süymeydihe would not like to do | bizeterge süymeybizwe would not like to do | sizeterge süymeysizyou all would not like to do | alaeterge süymeydilethey would not like to do |
| hope to | meneterge umutlanamaI hope to do | seneterge umutlanasayou hope to do | oleterge umutlanadıhe hopes to do | bizeterge umutlanabızwe hope to do | sizeterge umutlanasızyou all hope to do | alaeterge umutlanadılathey hope to do |
| hope to | meneterge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to do | seneterge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to do | oleterge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to do | bizeterge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to do | sizeterge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to do | alaeterge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to do |
| be about to | meneterge deb turamaI am about to do | seneterge deb turasayou are about to do | oleterge deb turadıhe is about to do | bizeterge deb turabızwe are about to do | sizeterge deb turasızyou all are about to do | alaeterge deb turadılathey are about to do |
| be about to | meneterge deb turmaymaI am not about to do | seneterge deb turmaysayou are not about to do | oleterge deb turmaydıhe is not about to do | bizeterge deb turmaybızwe are not about to do | sizeterge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to do | alaeterge deb turmaydılathey are not about to do |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | meneterge kerekmeI need to do | seneterge kerekseyou need to do | oleterge kerekdihe needs to do | bizeterge kerekbizwe need to do | sizeterge kereksizyou all need to do | alaeterge kerekdilethey need to do |
| need to | meneterge kerek tülmeI do not need to do | seneterge kerek tülseyou do not need to do | oleterge kerek tüldühe does not need to do | bizeterge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to do | sizeterge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to do | alaeterge kerek tüldülethey do not need to do |
| have to | menmenŋe eterge tüşediI have to do | sensenŋe eterge tüşediyou have to do | olaŋa eterge tüşedihe has to do | bizbizge eterge tüşediwe have to do | sizsizge eterge tüşediyou all have to do | alaalağa eterge tüşedithey have to do |
| have to | menmenŋe eterge tüşmeydiI do not have to do | sensenŋe eterge tüşmeydiyou do not have to do | olaŋa eterge tüşmeydihe does not have to do | bizbizge eterge tüşmeydiwe do not have to do | sizsizge eterge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to do | alaalağa eterge tüşmeydithey do not have to do |
| be obliged to | meneterge borçlumaI am obliged to do | seneterge borçlusayou are obliged to do | oleterge borçluduhe is obliged to do | bizeterge borçlubuzwe are obliged to do | sizeterge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to do | alaeterge borçludulathey are obliged to do |
| be obliged to | meneterge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to do | seneterge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to do | oleterge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to do | bizeterge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to do | sizeterge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to do | alaeterge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to do |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | meneterge madarım bardıI have a way to do | seneterge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to do | oleterge madarı bardıhe has a way to do | bizeterge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to do | sizeterge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to do | alaeterge madarları bardıthey have a way to do |
| have a way to | meneterge madarım joqduI have no way to do | seneterge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to do | oleterge madarı joqduhe has no way to do | bizeterge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to do | sizeterge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to do | alaeterge madarları joqduthey have no way to do |
| be free to | meneterge erkinligim bardıI am free to do | seneterge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to do | oleterge erkinligi bardıhe is free to do | bizeterge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to do | sizeterge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to do | alaeterge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to do |
| be free to | meneterge erkinligim joqduI am not free to do | seneterge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to do | oleterge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to do | bizeterge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to do | sizeterge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to do | alaeterge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to do |
| be possible to | menmenŋe eterge bolluqduit is possible for me to do | sensenŋe eterge bolluqduit is possible for you to do | olaŋa eterge bolluqduit is possible for him to do | bizbizge eterge bolluqduit is possible for us to do | sizsizge eterge bolluqduit is possible for you all to do | alaalağa eterge bolluqduit is possible for them to do |
| be possible to | menmenŋe eterge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to do | sensenŋe eterge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to do | olaŋa eterge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to do | bizbizge eterge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to do | sizsizge eterge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to do | alaalağa eterge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to do |
| be ready to | meneterge hazırmaI am ready to do | seneterge hazırsayou are ready to do | oleterge hazırdıhe is ready to do | bizeterge hazırbızwe are ready to do | sizeterge hazırsızyou all are ready to do | alaeterge hazırdılathey are ready to do |
| be ready to | meneterge hazır tülmeI am not ready to do | seneterge hazır tülseyou are not ready to do | oleterge hazır tüldühe is not ready to do | bizeterge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to do | sizeterge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to do | alaeterge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to do |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | meneterge küreşemeI am trying to do | seneterge küreşeseyou are trying to do | oleterge küreşedihe is trying to do | bizeterge küreşebizwe are trying to do | sizeterge küreşesizyou all are trying to do | alaeterge küreşedilethey are trying to do |
| try to | meneterge küreşmeymeI am not trying to do | seneterge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to do | oleterge küreşmeydihe is not trying to do | bizeterge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to do | sizeterge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to do | alaeterge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to do |
| agree to | meneterge unaymaI agree to do | seneterge unaysayou agree to do | oleterge unaydıhe agrees to do | bizeterge unaybızwe agree to do | sizeterge unaysızyou all agree to do | alaeterge unaydılathey agree to do |
| agree to | meneterge unamaymaI refuse to do | seneterge unamaysayou refuse to do | oleterge unamaydıhe refuses to do | bizeterge unamaybızwe refuse to do | sizeterge unamaysızyou all refuse to do | alaeterge unamaydılathey refuse to do |
| hurry to | meneterge aşığamaI am in a hurry to do | seneterge aşığasayou are in a hurry to do | oleterge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to do | bizeterge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to do | sizeterge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to do | alaeterge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to do |
| hurry to | meneterge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to do | seneterge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to do | oleterge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to do | bizeterge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to do | sizeterge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to do | alaeterge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to do |
| be afraid to | meneterge qorqamaI am afraid to do | seneterge qorqasayou are afraid to do | oleterge qorqadıhe is afraid to do | bizeterge qorqabızwe are afraid to do | sizeterge qorqasızyou all are afraid to do | alaeterge qorqadılathey are afraid to do |
| be afraid to | meneterge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to do | seneterge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to do | oleterge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to do | bizeterge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to do | sizeterge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to do | alaeterge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to do |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menete bolmazmaI can't be doing | senete bolmazsayou can't be doing | olete bolmazhe can't be doing | bizete bolmazbızwe can't be doing | sizete bolmazsızyou all can't be doing | alaete bolmazlathey can't be doing |
| Inference, present — double negation | menetmey bolmazmaI must be doing (emphatic) | senetmey bolmazsayou must be doing (emphatic) | oletmey bolmazhe must be doing (emphatic) | bizetmey bolmazbızwe must be doing (emphatic) | sizetmey bolmazsızyou all must be doing (emphatic) | alaetmey bolmazlathey must be doing (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menete turmasamif I don't keep doing | senete turmasaŋif you don't keep doing | olete turmasaif he doesn't keep doing | bizete turmasaqif we don't keep doing | sizete turmasağızif you all don't keep doing | alaete turmasalaif they don't keep doing |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menete tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of doing | senete tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of doing | olete tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of doing | bizete tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of doing | sizete tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of doing | alaete tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of doing |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menetmey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not doing (emphatic) | senetmey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not doing (emphatic) | oletmey tura bolmazhe must keep on not doing (emphatic) | bizetmey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not doing (emphatic) | sizetmey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not doing (emphatic) | alaetmey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not doing (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menetmey turamaI keep on not doing | senetmey turasayou keep on not doing | oletmey turadıhe keeps on not doing | bizetmey turabızwe keep on not doing | sizetmey turasızyou all keep on not doing | alaetmey turadılathey keep on not doing |
| Progressive — double negation | menetmey turmaymaI am not keeping on not doing | senetmey turmaysayou are not keeping on not doing | oletmey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not doing | bizetmey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not doing | sizetmey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not doing | alaetmey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not doing |
| Progressive — double negation | menetmey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not doing? | senetmey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not doing? | oletmey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not doing? | bizetmey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not doing? | sizetmey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not doing? | alaetmey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not doing? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menetgen bolmazmaI can't have done | senetgen bolmazsayou can't have done | oletgen bolmazhe can't have done | bizetgen bolmazbızwe can't have done | sizetgen bolmazsızyou all can't have done | alaetgen bolmazlathey can't have done |
| Inference — double negation | menetmegen bolmazmaI must have done (emphatic) | senetmegen bolmazsayou must have done (emphatic) | oletmegen bolmazhe must have done (emphatic) | bizetmegen bolmazbızwe must have done (emphatic) | sizetmegen bolmazsızyou all must have done (emphatic) | alaetmegen bolmazlathey must have done (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menetgen bolmasamif it weren't that I had done | senetgen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had done | oletgen bolmasaif it weren't that he had done | bizetgen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had done | sizetgen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had done | alaetgen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had done |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menetmegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't done | senetmegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't done | oletmegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't done | bizetmegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't done | sizetmegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't done | alaetmegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't done |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | meneterik bolmazmaI can't be going to do | seneterik bolmazsayou can't be going to do | oleterik bolmazhe can't be going to do | bizeterik bolmazbızwe can't be going to do | sizeterik bolmazsızyou all can't be going to do | alaeterik bolmazlathey can't be going to do |
| Inference, future — double negation | menetmezlik bolmazmaI must be going to do (emphatic) | senetmezlik bolmazsayou must be going to do (emphatic) | oletmezlik bolmazhe must be going to do (emphatic) | bizetmezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to do (emphatic) | sizetmezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to do (emphatic) | alaetmezlik bolmazlathey must be going to do (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | meneterik bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to do | seneterik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to do | oleterik bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to do | bizeterik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to do | sizeterik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to do | alaeterik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to do |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menetmezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to do | senetmezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to do | oletmezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to do | bizetmezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to do | sizetmezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to do | alaetmezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to do |