kelirge
/kelirɡe/
1. come, arrive — Covers coming on foot or by vehicle and showing up somewhere; the imperative kel means "come here".
- ol bügün keledi — he is coming today
- üyge kelirge — to come home
- kel üyge! — come into the house!
- birgeme kel — come with me
- keligiz bizge — come to us
- nek kelgense? — why have you come?
- işim bolub kelgenme — I have come on business
2. approach, come up (to someone)
- qatına kelirge — to come up to someone
- Mariyam erini qatına keldi — Mariyam came up to her husband
- bılay kelçi! — come over here!
3. drop in, visit
- bizge qonaqğa kel — come to visit us
- tambla sizge kellikbiz — we will come to see you tomorrow
- Hanımsatha Ayşat bla Tamara keldile — Aishat and Tamara came to visit Khanymsat
4. set in, come round, arrive — Used of a time or a state arriving of itself: a season, dawn, old age, a long-awaited day.
- jaz keldi — spring has come
- qartlıq keldi — old age has come
- nasıb kün keldi — the happy day has come
- bizge allay kün kelirmi? — will such a day come for us?
- qış kelirge köb qalmağandı — it is not long until winter comes
5. befall, come upon (of misfortune or trouble)
- qayğı keldi — trouble has befallen
- bizge ullu qayğı keldi — great trouble has come upon us
- anı başına palah keldi — misfortune befell him
6. reach, come up to, extend to — The limit that is reached stands in the dative: suw tobuqğa keledi the water comes up to the knees. Also used of something that goes back to an earlier time: bu iş bıltırdan beri keledi.
- suwnu terenligi tobuqğa keledi — the depth of the water comes up to the knee
- çepken tobuqğa keledi — the coat comes down to the knee
- bügün qar bizni belibizge kelgendi — today the snow has come up to our waists
- terek başı üynü başına keledi — the treetop comes up to the roof of the house
- kün taw başlağa keldi — the sun reached the mountain tops
- bu iş bıltırdan beri keledi — this matter has been going on since last year
7. carry, be heard, reach one's ears — Used of a sound or a smell traveling to the person who notices it: tütün iyis keldi there was a smell of smoke.
- tütün iyis keldi — a smell of smoke came
- qulağıma bir ariw awaz keledi — a beautiful voice reaches my ear
- qulağıma jırlağan tawuş keldi — the sound of singing reached my ear
- «üydemisiz?» - deb qıçırğan tawuş keldi — a voice was heard calling out, "are you home?"
8. come in, be delivered — Used of goods, post and supplies arriving from somewhere else.
- çay Gruziyadan keledi — the tea comes from Georgia
- tükenŋe jaŋı kitabla kelgendile — new books have come in to the shop
- tükenŋe jaŋı zatla keledi — new things are coming in to the shop
- jaŋı kitabla kelgendile — new books have come in
9. feel like doing something, want — Impersonal: the wanted action is a possessive-marked infinitive, as in aşarım keledi I feel like eating.
- aşarı keledi — he feels like eating
- küllügüm keledi — I feel like laughing
- alanı aşarıqları keledi — they feel like eating
- söleşiri keledi — he feels like talking
- meni juqum keledi — I feel sleepy
- iynar aytırım meni kelmeydi — I don't feel like singing love songs
10. occur to someone, come to mind; arise (of a thought or feeling)
- esge kelirge — to come to mind
- busağatda esime keldi — it just came to my mind
- esiŋe kelmedimi? — didn't it occur to you?
- köb türlü açı sağışla keledile — many kinds of bitter thoughts come
11. flow, run (of a liquid)
- bulaqdan suw keledi — water flows from the spring
- bu suw kölden keledi — this river flows out of the lake
- urub kelgen suw — rushing water
- jaradan qan keledi — blood flows from the wound
- közünden jaş keledi — tears run from his eye
12. move in, roll in (of fog or wind)
- jel keldi — a wind blew up
- tawdan tuban keledi — fog is rolling in from the mountain
- tuban kelgen kibik — like fog rolling in
Expressions
- ala beri kelginçi, biz arı barmayıq — long life to us
- ol beri kelginçi, arı barma — long life wish
- quru da bılay kele turuğuz — may you always come
- alda kelirge — be highly regarded
Conjugation
Common forms
- keledihe is coming
- keldihe came
- kelgendihe has come
- kelirhe will come
- kellikdihe is going to come
- kele edihe was coming
- kelseif he comes
- kel!come!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkelemeI am coming | senkeleseyou are coming | olkeledihe is coming | bizkelebizwe are coming | sizkelesizyou all are coming | alakeledilethey are coming |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkelmeymeI am not coming | senkelmeyseyou are not coming | olkelmeydihe is not coming | bizkelmeybizwe are not coming | sizkelmeysizyou all are not coming | alakelmeydilethey are not coming |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkelememi? kelemime?am I coming? | senkelemise?are you coming? | olkelemidi?is he coming? | bizkelebizmi? kelemibiz?are we coming? | sizkelemisiz?are you all coming? | alakelemidile?are they coming? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkelmeymemi? kelmeymime?aren't I coming? | senkelmeymise?aren't you coming? | olkelmeymidi?isn't he coming? | bizkelmeybizmi? kelmeymibiz?aren't we coming? | sizkelmeymisiz?aren't you all coming? | alakelmeymidile?aren't they coming? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkeliwçenmeI usually come | senkeliwçenseyou usually come | olkeliwçendihe usually comes | bizkeliwçenbizwe usually come | sizkeliwçensizyou all usually come | alakeliwçendilethey usually come |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkelmewçenmeI usually don't come | senkelmewçenseyou usually don't come | olkelmewçendihe usually doesn't come | bizkelmewçenbizwe usually don't come | sizkelmewçensizyou all usually don't come | alakelmewçendilethey usually don't come |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkeliwçenmemi? keliwçenmime?do I usually come? | senkeliwçenmise?do you usually come? | olkeliwçenmidi?does he usually come? | bizkeliwçenbizmi? keliwçenmibiz?do we usually come? | sizkeliwçenmisiz?do you all usually come? | alakeliwçenmidile?do they usually come? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkelmewçenmemi? kelmewçenmime?do I usually not come? | senkelmewçenmise?do you usually not come? | olkelmewçenmidi?does he usually not come? | bizkelmewçenbizmi? kelmewçenmibiz?do we usually not come? | sizkelmewçenmisiz?do you all usually not come? | alakelmewçenmidile?do they usually not come? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olkelibdihe has come and remains so | alakelibdilethey have come and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olkelibmidi?has he come? | alakelibmidile?have they come? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkelib turamaI keep coming | senkelib turasayou keep coming | olkelib turadıhe keeps coming | bizkelib turabızwe keep coming | sizkelib turasızyou all keep coming | alakelib turadılathey keep coming |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkelib turmaymaI don't keep coming | senkelib turmaysayou don't keep coming | olkelib turmaydıhe doesn't keep coming | bizkelib turmaybızwe don't keep coming | sizkelib turmaysızyou all don't keep coming | alakelib turmaydılathey don't keep coming |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkelib turamamı? kelib turamıma?do I keep coming? | senkelib turamısa?do you keep coming? | olkelib turamıdı?does he keep coming? | bizkelib turabızmı? kelib turamıbız?do we keep coming? | sizkelib turamısız?do you all keep coming? | alakelib turamıdıla?do they keep coming? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkelib turmaymamı? kelib turmaymıma?don't I keep coming? | senkelib turmaymısa?don't you keep coming? | olkelib turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep coming? | bizkelib turmaybızmı? kelib turmaymıbız?don't we keep coming? | sizkelib turmaymısız?don't you all keep coming? | alakelib turmaymıdıla?don't they keep coming? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menkele turamaI am in the middle of coming | senkele turasayou are in the middle of coming | olkele turadıhe is in the middle of coming | bizkele turabızwe are in the middle of coming | sizkele turasızyou all are in the middle of coming | alakele turadılathey are in the middle of coming |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menkele turmaymaI am not in the middle of coming | senkele turmaysayou are not in the middle of coming | olkele turmaydıhe is not in the middle of coming | bizkele turmaybızwe are not in the middle of coming | sizkele turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of coming | alakele turmaydılathey are not in the middle of coming |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menkele turamamı? kele turamıma?am I in the middle of coming? | senkele turamısa?are you in the middle of coming? | olkele turamıdı?is he in the middle of coming? | bizkele turabızmı? kele turamıbız?are we in the middle of coming? | sizkele turamısız?are you all in the middle of coming? | alakele turamıdıla?are they in the middle of coming? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menkele turmaymamı? kele turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of coming? | senkele turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of coming? | olkele turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of coming? | bizkele turmaybızmı? kele turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of coming? | sizkele turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of coming? | alakele turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of coming? |
| Simple past (definite) | menkeldimI came | senkeldiŋyou came | olkeldihe came | bizkeldikwe came | sizkeldigizyou all came | alakeldilethey came |
| Simple past (definite) | menkelmedimI didn't come | senkelmediŋyou didn't come | olkelmedihe didn't come | bizkelmedikwe didn't come | sizkelmedigizyou all didn't come | alakelmedilethey didn't come |
| Simple past (definite) | menkeldimmi?did I come? | senkeldiŋmi?did you come? | olkeldimi?did he come? | bizkeldikmi?did we come? | sizkeldigizmi?did you all come? | alakeldilemi?did they come? |
| Simple past (definite) | menkelmedimmi?didn't I come? | senkelmediŋmi?didn't you come? | olkelmedimi?didn't he come? | bizkelmedikmi?didn't we come? | sizkelmedigizmi?didn't you all come? | alakelmedilemi?didn't they come? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkelgenmeI have come | senkelgenseyou have come | olkelgendihe has come | bizkelgenbizwe have come | sizkelgensizyou all have come | alakelgendilethey have come |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkelmegenmeI haven't come | senkelmegenseyou haven't come | olkelmegendihe hasn't come | bizkelmegenbizwe haven't come | sizkelmegensizyou all haven't come | alakelmegendilethey haven't come |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkelgenmemi? kelgenmime?have I come? | senkelgenmise?have you come? | olkelgenmidi?has he come? | bizkelgenbizmi? kelgenmibiz?have we come? | sizkelgenmisiz?have you all come? | alakelgenmidile?have they come? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkelmegenmemi? kelmegenmime?haven't I come? | senkelmegenmise?haven't you come? | olkelmegenmidi?hasn't he come? | bizkelmegenbizmi? kelmegenmibiz?haven't we come? | sizkelmegenmisiz?haven't you all come? | alakelmegenmidile?haven't they come? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menkelib turdumI kept coming | senkelib turduŋyou kept coming | olkelib turduhe kept coming | bizkelib turduqwe kept coming | sizkelib turduğuzyou all kept coming | alakelib turdulathey kept coming |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menkelib turmadımI didn't keep coming | senkelib turmadıŋyou didn't keep coming | olkelib turmadıhe didn't keep coming | bizkelib turmadıqwe didn't keep coming | sizkelib turmadığızyou all didn't keep coming | alakelib turmadılathey didn't keep coming |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkelirmeI will come | senkelirseyou will come | olkelirhe will come | bizkelirbizwe will come | sizkelirsizyou all will come | alakelirlethey will come |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkelmezmeI won't come | senkelmezseyou won't come | olkelmezhe won't come | bizkelmezbizwe won't come | sizkelmezsizyou all won't come | alakelmezlethey won't come |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkelirmemi? kelirmime?will I come? | senkelirmise?will you come? | olkelirmi?will he come? | bizkelirbizmi? kelirmibiz?will we come? | sizkelirmisiz?will you all come? | alakelirlemi? kelirmile?will they come? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkelmezmemi? kelmezmime?won't I come? | senkelmezmise?won't you come? | olkelmezmi?won't he come? | bizkelmezbizmi? kelmezmibiz?won't we come? | sizkelmezmisiz?won't you all come? | alakelmezlemi? kelmezmile?won't they come? |
| Definite future (future II) | menkellikmeI am going to come | senkellikseyou are going to come | olkellikdihe is going to come | bizkellikbizwe are going to come | sizkelliksizyou all are going to come | alakellikdilethey are going to come |
| Definite future (future II) | menkellik tülmeI am not going to come | senkellik tülseyou are not going to come | olkellik tüldühe is not going to come | bizkellik tülbüzwe are not going to come | sizkellik tülsüzyou all are not going to come | alakellik tüldülethey are not going to come |
| Definite future (future II) | menkellikmemi? kellikmime?am I going to come? | senkellikmise?are you going to come? | olkellikmidi?is he going to come? | bizkellikbizmi? kellikmibiz?are we going to come? | sizkellikmisiz?are you all going to come? | alakellikmidile?are they going to come? |
| Definite future (future II) | menkellik tülmüme?aren't I going to come? | senkellik tülmüse?aren't you going to come? | olkellik tülmüdü?isn't he going to come? | bizkellik tülmübüz?aren't we going to come? | sizkellik tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to come? | alakellik tülmüdüle?aren't they going to come? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menkelgen edimkelgenemI had come | senkelgen ediŋkelgeneŋyou had come | olkelgen edikelgenedhe had come | bizkelgen edikkelgenekwe had come | sizkelgen edigizkelgenegizyou all had come | alakelgen edilekelgenellethey had come |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menkelmegen edimkelmegenemI hadn't come | senkelmegen ediŋkelmegeneŋyou hadn't come | olkelmegen edikelmegenedhe hadn't come | bizkelmegen edikkelmegenekwe hadn't come | sizkelmegen edigizkelmegenegizyou all hadn't come | alakelmegen edilekelmegenellethey hadn't come |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menkele edimkelemI was coming | senkele ediŋkeleŋyou were coming | olkele edikeledhe was coming | bizkele edikkelekwe were coming | sizkele edigizkelegizyou all were coming | alakele edilekelellethey were coming |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menkelmey edimkelmeyemI wasn't coming | senkelmey ediŋkelmeyeŋyou weren't coming | olkelmey edikelmeyedhe wasn't coming | bizkelmey edikkelmeyekwe weren't coming | sizkelmey edigizkelmeyegizyou all weren't coming | alakelmey edilekelmeyellethey weren't coming |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menkeliwçen edimkeliwçenemI used to come | senkeliwçen ediŋkeliwçeneŋyou used to come | olkeliwçen edikeliwçenedhe used to come | bizkeliwçen edikkeliwçenekwe used to come | sizkeliwçen edigizkeliwçenegizyou all used to come | alakeliwçen edilekeliwçenellethey used to come |
| Habitual past (used to) | menkelmewçen edimkelmewçenemI didn't use to come | senkelmewçen ediŋkelmewçeneŋyou didn't use to come | olkelmewçen edikelmewçenedhe didn't use to come | bizkelmewçen edikkelmewçenekwe didn't use to come | sizkelmewçen edigizkelmewçenegizyou all didn't use to come | alakelmewçen edilekelmewçenellethey didn't use to come |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olkelib edihe had come and remained so | alakelib edilethey had come and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olkelib tül edihe hadn't come | alakelib tül edilethey hadn't come | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menkelib tura edimkelib turaemI had kept coming | senkelib tura ediŋkelib turaeŋyou had kept coming | olkelib tura edikelib turaedhe had kept coming | bizkelib tura edikkelib turaekwe had kept coming | sizkelib tura edigizkelib turaegizyou all had kept coming | alakelib tura edilekelib turaellethey had kept coming |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menkelib turmay edimkelib turmayemI hadn't kept coming | senkelib turmay ediŋkelib turmayeŋyou hadn't kept coming | olkelib turmay edikelib turmayedhe hadn't kept coming | bizkelib turmay edikkelib turmayekwe hadn't kept coming | sizkelib turmay edigizkelib turmayegizyou all hadn't kept coming | alakelib turmay edilekelib turmayellethey hadn't kept coming |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menkele tura edimkele turaemI was in the middle of coming | senkele tura ediŋkele turaeŋyou were in the middle of coming | olkele tura edikele turaedhe was in the middle of coming | bizkele tura edikkele turaekwe were in the middle of coming | sizkele tura edigizkele turaegizyou all were in the middle of coming | alakele tura edilekele turaellethey were in the middle of coming |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menkele turmay edimkele turmayemI wasn't in the middle of coming | senkele turmay ediŋkele turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of coming | olkele turmay edikele turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of coming | bizkele turmay edikkele turmayekwe weren't in the middle of coming | sizkele turmay edigizkele turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of coming | alakele turmay edilekele turmayellethey weren't in the middle of coming |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menkelir edimkelir emI would come | senkelir ediŋkelir eŋyou would come | olkelir edikelir edhe would come | bizkelir edikkelir ekwe would come | sizkelir edigizkelir egizyou all would come | alakelir edilekelir ellethey would come |
| Conditional result (would) | menkelmez edimkelmez emI wouldn't come | senkelmez ediŋkelmez eŋyou wouldn't come | olkelmez edikelmez edhe wouldn't come | bizkelmez edikkelmez ekwe wouldn't come | sizkelmez edigizkelmez egizyou all wouldn't come | alakelmez edilekelmez ellethey wouldn't come |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menkellik edimkellik emI would have come | senkellik ediŋkellik eŋyou would have come | olkellik edikellik edhe would have come | bizkellik edikkellik ekwe would have come | sizkellik edigizkellik egizyou all would have come | alakellik edilekellik ellethey would have come |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menkellik tül edimkellik tül emI wouldn't have come | senkellik tül ediŋkellik tül eŋyou wouldn't have come | olkellik tül edikellik tül edhe wouldn't have come | bizkellik tül edikkellik tül ekwe wouldn't have come | sizkellik tül edigizkellik tül egizyou all wouldn't have come | alakellik tül edilekellik tül ellethey wouldn't have come |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menkelsemif I come | senkelseŋif you come | olkelseif he comes | bizkelsekif we come | sizkelsegizif you all come | alakelseleif they come |
| Conditional | menkelmesemif I don't come | senkelmeseŋif you don't come | olkelmeseif he doesn't come | bizkelmesekif we don't come | sizkelmesegizif you all don't come | alakelmeseleif they don't come |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menkele esemif I am coming | senkele eseŋif you are coming | olkele eseif he is coming | bizkele esekif we are coming | sizkele esegizif you all are coming | alakele eseleif they are coming |
| Conditional, present real | menkelmey esemif I am not coming | senkelmey eseŋif you are not coming | olkelmey eseif he is not coming | bizkelmey esekif we are not coming | sizkelmey esegizif you all are not coming | alakelmey eseleif they are not coming |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menkelsem edikelsem edif only I came | senkelseŋ edikelseŋ edif only you came | olkelse edikelsedif only he came | bizkelsek edikelsek edif only we came | sizkelsegiz edikelsegiz edif only you all came | alakelsele edikelseledif only they came |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menkelmesem edikelmesem edif only I didn't come | senkelmeseŋ edikelmeseŋ edif only you didn't come | olkelmese edikelmesedif only he didn't come | bizkelmesek edikelmesek edif only we didn't come | sizkelmesegiz edikelmesegiz edif only you all didn't come | alakelmesele edikelmeseledif only they didn't come |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menkelib tursamif I carry on coming | senkelib tursaŋif you carry on coming | olkelib tursaif he carries on coming | bizkelib tursaqif we carry on coming | sizkelib tursağızif you all carry on coming | alakelib tursalaif they carry on coming |
| Durative conditional | menkelib turmasamif I don't carry on coming | senkelib turmasaŋif you don't carry on coming | olkelib turmasaif he doesn't carry on coming | bizkelib turmasaqif we don't carry on coming | sizkelib turmasağızif you all don't carry on coming | alakelib turmasalaif they don't carry on coming |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menkelib tura esemif I have kept coming | senkelib tura eseŋif you have kept coming | olkelib tura eseif he has kept coming | bizkelib tura esekif we have kept coming | sizkelib tura esegizif you all have kept coming | alakelib tura eseleif they have kept coming |
| Durative conditional, present real | menkelib turmay esemif I haven't kept coming | senkelib turmay eseŋif you haven't kept coming | olkelib turmay eseif he hasn't kept coming | bizkelib turmay esekif we haven't kept coming | sizkelib turmay esegizif you all haven't kept coming | alakelib turmay eseleif they haven't kept coming |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menkele tursamif I keep coming | senkele tursaŋif you keep coming | olkele tursaif he keeps coming | bizkele tursaqif we keep coming | sizkele tursağızif you all keep coming | alakele tursalaif they keep coming |
| Progressive conditional | menkelmey tursamif I keep on not coming | senkelmey tursaŋif you keep on not coming | olkelmey tursaif he keeps on not coming | bizkelmey tursaqif we keep on not coming | sizkelmey tursağızif you all keep on not coming | alakelmey tursalaif they keep on not coming |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menkele tura esemif I am in the middle of coming | senkele tura eseŋif you are in the middle of coming | olkele tura eseif he is in the middle of coming | bizkele tura esekif we are in the middle of coming | sizkele tura esegizif you all are in the middle of coming | alakele tura eseleif they are in the middle of coming |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menkelmey tura esemif I keep on not coming | senkelmey tura eseŋif you keep on not coming | olkelmey tura eseif he keeps on not coming | bizkelmey tura esekif we keep on not coming | sizkelmey tura esegizif you all keep on not coming | alakelmey tura eseleif they keep on not coming |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menkeldim esemif I came | senkeldiŋ eseŋif you came | olkeldi eseif he came | bizkeldik esekif we came | sizkeldigiz esegizif you all came | alakeldile eseleif they came |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menkelmedim esemif I didn't come | senkelmediŋ eseŋif you didn't come | olkelmedi eseif he didn't come | bizkelmedik esekif we didn't come | sizkelmedigiz esegizif you all didn't come | alakelmedile eseleif they didn't come |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menkelgen esemif I did come (indeed) | senkelgen eseŋif you did come (indeed) | olkelgen eseif he did come (indeed) | bizkelgen esekif we did come (indeed) | sizkelgen esegizif you all did come (indeed) | alakelgen eseleif they did come (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menkelmegen esemif I didn't come (indeed) | senkelmegen eseŋif you didn't come (indeed) | olkelmegen eseif he didn't come (indeed) | bizkelmegen esekif we didn't come (indeed) | sizkelmegen esegizif you all didn't come (indeed) | alakelmegen eseleif they didn't come (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menkelgen bolsamif I had come | senkelgen bolsaŋif you had come | olkelgen bolsaif he had come | bizkelgen bolsaqif we had come | sizkelgen bolsağızif you all had come | alakelgen bolsalaif they had come |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menkelmegen bolsamif I hadn't come | senkelmegen bolsaŋif you hadn't come | olkelmegen bolsaif he hadn't come | bizkelmegen bolsaqif we hadn't come | sizkelmegen bolsağızif you all hadn't come | alakelmegen bolsalaif they hadn't come |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menkelgen bolsam edikelgen bolsam edif only I had come | senkelgen bolsaŋ edikelgen bolsaŋ edif only you had come | olkelgen bolsa edikelgen bolsaedif only he had come | bizkelgen bolsaq edikelgen bolsaq edif only we had come | sizkelgen bolsağız edikelgen bolsağız edif only you all had come | alakelgen bolsala edikelgen bolsalaedif only they had come |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menkelmegen bolsam edikelmegen bolsam edif only I hadn't come | senkelmegen bolsaŋ edikelmegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't come | olkelmegen bolsa edikelmegen bolsaedif only he hadn't come | bizkelmegen bolsaq edikelmegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't come | sizkelmegen bolsağız edikelmegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't come | alakelmegen bolsala edikelmegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't come |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menkelir esemif I will come | senkelir eseŋif you will come | olkelir eseif he will come | bizkelir esekif we will come | sizkelir esegizif you all will come | alakelir eseleif they will come |
| Conditional, aorist | menkelmez esemif I won't come | senkelmez eseŋif you won't come | olkelmez eseif he won't come | bizkelmez esekif we won't come | sizkelmez esegizif you all won't come | alakelmez eseleif they won't come |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menkellik esemif I am going to come | senkellik eseŋif you are going to come | olkellik eseif he is going to come | bizkellik esekif we are going to come | sizkellik esegizif you all are going to come | alakellik eseleif they are going to come |
| Conditional, future | menkellik tül esemif I am not going to come | senkellik tül eseŋif you are not going to come | olkellik tül eseif he is not going to come | bizkellik tül esekif we are not going to come | sizkellik tül esegizif you all are not going to come | alakellik tül eseleif they are not going to come |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menkellik bolsamif I were going to come | senkellik bolsaŋif you were going to come | olkellik bolsaif he were going to come | bizkellik bolsaqif we were going to come | sizkellik bolsağızif you all were going to come | alakellik bolsalaif they were going to come |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menkelmezlik bolsamif I were not going to come | senkelmezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to come | olkelmezlik bolsaif he were not going to come | bizkelmezlik bolsaqif we were not going to come | sizkelmezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to come | alakelmezlik bolsalaif they were not going to come |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso keldiŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menkele bolurmaI must be coming | senkele bolursayou must be coming | olkele bolurhe must be coming | bizkele bolurbuzwe must be coming | sizkele bolursuzyou all must be coming | alakele bolurlathey must be coming |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menkelmey bolurmaI must not be coming | senkelmey bolursayou must not be coming | olkelmey bolurhe must not be coming | bizkelmey bolurbuzwe must not be coming | sizkelmey bolursuzyou all must not be coming | alakelmey bolurlathey must not be coming |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menkele tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of coming | senkele tura bolursayou must be in the middle of coming | olkele tura bolurhe must be in the middle of coming | bizkele tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of coming | sizkele tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of coming | alakele tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of coming |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menkelmey tura bolurmaI must keep on not coming | senkelmey tura bolursayou must keep on not coming | olkelmey tura bolurhe must keep on not coming | bizkelmey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not coming | sizkelmey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not coming | alakelmey tura bolurlathey must keep on not coming |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menkelgen bolurmaI must have come | senkelgen bolursayou must have come | olkelgen bolurhe must have come | bizkelgen bolurbuzwe must have come | sizkelgen bolursuzyou all must have come | alakelgen bolurlathey must have come |
| Inference (must have) | menkelmegen bolurmaI must not have come | senkelmegen bolursayou must not have come | olkelmegen bolurhe must not have come | bizkelmegen bolurbuzwe must not have come | sizkelmegen bolursuzyou all must not have come | alakelmegen bolurlathey must not have come |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menkellik bolurmaI must be going to come | senkellik bolursayou must be going to come | olkellik bolurhe must be going to come | bizkellik bolurbuzwe must be going to come | sizkellik bolursuzyou all must be going to come | alakellik bolurlathey must be going to come |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menkelmezlik bolurmaI must not be going to come | senkelmezlik bolursayou must not be going to come | olkelmezlik bolurhe must not be going to come | bizkelmezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to come | sizkelmezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to come | alakelmezlik bolurlathey must not be going to come |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menkeleyimlet me come | senkel!come! | olkelsinlet him come | bizkeleyiklet's come | sizkeligiz!come, you all! | alakelsinlelet them come |
| Commands & suggestions | menkelmeyimlet me not come | senkelme!don't come! | olkelmesinlet him not come | bizkelmeyiklet's not come | sizkelmegiz!don't come, you all! | alakelmesinlelet them not come |
| Commands & suggestions | menkeleyimmi?shall I come? | olkelsinmi?should he come? | bizkeleyikmi?shall we come? | alakelsinlemi?should they come? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menkelmeyimmi?shall I not come? | olkelmesinmi?should he not come? | bizkelmeyikmi?shall we not come? | alakelmesinlemi?should they not come? | ||
| Requests | senkelçi2kelçinplease come | olkelsinçido let him come | sizkelçigizplease come (plural/polite) | alakelsinleçido let them come | ||
| Requests | senkelmeçi2kelmeçinplease don't come | olkelmesinçido let him not come | sizkelmeçigizplease don't come (plural/polite) | alakelmesinleçido let them not come | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senkelginkelgimay you come | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senkelmeginkelmegimay you not come | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menkelgey edim kelge edimwould that I came | senkelgey ediŋ kelge ediŋwould that you came | olkelgey edi kelge ediwould that he came | bizkelgey edik kelge edikwould that we came | sizkelgey edigiz kelge edigizwould that you all came | alakelgey edile kelge edilewould that they came |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menkelmegey edim kelmege edimwould that I did not come | senkelmegey ediŋ kelmege ediŋwould that you did not come | olkelmegey edi kelmege ediwould that he did not come | bizkelmegey edik kelmege edikwould that we did not come | sizkelmegey edigiz kelmege edigizwould that you all did not come | alakelmegey edile kelmege edilewould that they did not come |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menkelmege qoyayımkelme qoyayımlet me allow someone to come | senkelmege qoy!kelme qoy!let someone come! | olkelmege qoysunkelme qoysunlet him allow someone to come | bizkelmege qoyayıqkelme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to come | sizkelmege qoyuğuz!kelme qoyuğuz!let someone come, you all! | alakelmege qoysunlakelme qoysunlalet them allow someone to come |
| Let someone… (commands) | menkelmege qoymayımkelme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to come | senkelmege qoyma!kelme qoyma!don't let someone come! | olkelmege qoymasınkelme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to come | bizkelmege qoymayıqkelme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to come | sizkelmege qoymağız!kelme qoymağız!don't let someone come, you all! | alakelmege qoymasınlakelme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to come |
| Let someone… (commands) | menkelmege qoyayımmı?kelme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to come? | olkelmege qoysunmu?kelme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to come? | bizkelmege qoyayıqmı?kelme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to come? | alakelmege qoysunlamı?kelme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to come? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menkelmege qoymayımmı?kelme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to come? | olkelmege qoymasınmı?kelme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to come? | bizkelmege qoymayıqmı?kelme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to come? | alakelmege qoymasınlamı?kelme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to come? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menkelmege qoyamakelme qoyamaI allow someone to come | senkelmege qoyasakelme qoyasayou allow someone to come | olkelmege qoyadıkelme qoyadıhe allows someone to come | bizkelmege qoyabızkelme qoyabızwe allow someone to come | sizkelmege qoyasızkelme qoyasızyou all allow someone to come | alakelmege qoyadılakelme qoyadılathey allow someone to come |
| Let someone… (present) | menkelmege qoymaymakelme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to come | senkelmege qoymaysakelme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to come | olkelmege qoymaydıkelme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to come | bizkelmege qoymaybızkelme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to come | sizkelmege qoymaysızkelme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to come | alakelmege qoymaydılakelme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to come |
| Let someone… (present) | menkelmege qoyamamı?kelme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to come? | senkelmege qoyamısa?kelme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to come? | olkelmege qoyamıdı?kelme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to come? | bizkelmege qoyabızmı?kelme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to come? | sizkelmege qoyamısız?kelme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to come? | alakelmege qoyamıdıla?kelme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to come? |
| Let someone… (present) | menkelmege qoymaymamı?kelme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to come? | senkelmege qoymaymısa?kelme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to come? | olkelmege qoymaymıdı?kelme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to come? | bizkelmege qoymaybızmı?kelme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to come? | sizkelmege qoymaymısız?kelme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to come? | alakelmege qoymaymıdıla?kelme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to come? |
| Let someone… (past) | menkelmege qoydumkelme qoydumI allowed someone to come | senkelmege qoyduŋkelme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to come | olkelmege qoydukelme qoyduhe allowed someone to come | bizkelmege qoyduqkelme qoyduqwe allowed someone to come | sizkelmege qoyduğuzkelme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to come | alakelmege qoydulakelme qoydulathey allowed someone to come |
| Let someone… (past) | menkelmege qoymadımkelme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to come | senkelmege qoymadıŋkelme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to come | olkelmege qoymadıkelme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to come | bizkelmege qoymadıqkelme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to come | sizkelmege qoymadığızkelme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to come | alakelmege qoymadılakelme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to come |
| Let someone… (past) | menkelmege qoydummu?kelme qoydummu?did I allow someone to come? | senkelmege qoyduŋmu?kelme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to come? | olkelmege qoydumu?kelme qoydumu?did he allow someone to come? | bizkelmege qoyduqmu?kelme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to come? | sizkelmege qoyduğuzmu?kelme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to come? | alakelmege qoydulamı?kelme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to come? |
| Let someone… (past) | menkelmege qoymadımmı?kelme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to come? | senkelmege qoymadıŋmı?kelme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to come? | olkelmege qoymadımı?kelme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to come? | bizkelmege qoymadıqmı?kelme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to come? | sizkelmege qoymadığızmı?kelme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to come? | alakelmege qoymadılamı?kelme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to come? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menkelalamaI can come | senkelalasayou can come | olkelaladıhe can come | bizkelalabızwe can come | sizkelalasızyou all can come | alakelaladılathey can come |
| Ability — present | menkelalmaymaI can't come | senkelalmaysayou can't come | olkelalmaydıhe can't come | bizkelalmaybızwe can't come | sizkelalmaysızyou all can't come | alakelalmaydılathey can't come |
| Ability — present | menkelalamamı? kelalamıma?can I come? | senkelalamısa?can you come? | olkelalamıdı?can he come? | bizkelalabızmı? kelalamıbız?can we come? | sizkelalamısız?can you all come? | alakelalamıdıla?can they come? |
| Ability — present | menkelalmaymamı? kelalmaymıma?can't I come? | senkelalmaymısa?can't you come? | olkelalmaymıdı?can't he come? | bizkelalmaybızmı? kelalmaymıbız?can't we come? | sizkelalmaymısız?can't you all come? | alakelalmaymıdıla?can't they come? |
| Ability — if I can… | menkelalsamif I can come | senkelalsaŋif you can come | olkelalsaif he can come | bizkelalsaqif we can come | sizkelalsağızif you all can come | alakelalsalaif they can come |
| Ability — if I can… | menkelalmasamif I can't come | senkelalmasaŋif you can't come | olkelalmasaif he can't come | bizkelalmasaqif we can't come | sizkelalmasağızif you all can't come | alakelalmasalaif they can't come |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menkelaldımI was able to come | senkelaldıŋyou were able to come | olkelaldıhe was able to come | bizkelaldıqwe were able to come | sizkelaldığızyou all were able to come | alakelaldılathey were able to come |
| Ability — simple past | menkelalmadımI could not come | senkelalmadıŋyou could not come | olkelalmadıhe could not come | bizkelalmadıqwe could not come | sizkelalmadığızyou all could not come | alakelalmadılathey could not come |
| Ability — simple past | menkelaldımmı?was I able to come? | senkelaldıŋmı?were you able to come? | olkelaldımı?was he able to come? | bizkelaldıqmı?were we able to come? | sizkelaldığızmı?were you all able to come? | alakelaldılamı?were they able to come? |
| Ability — simple past | menkelalmadımmı?couldn't I come? | senkelalmadıŋmı?couldn't you come? | olkelalmadımı?couldn't he come? | bizkelalmadıqmı?couldn't we come? | sizkelalmadığızmı?couldn't you all come? | alakelalmadılamı?couldn't they come? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menkelalğanmaI have been able to come | senkelalğansayou have been able to come | olkelalğandıhe has been able to come | bizkelalğanbızwe have been able to come | sizkelalğansızyou all have been able to come | alakelalğandılathey have been able to come |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menkelalmağanmaI haven't been able to come | senkelalmağansayou haven't been able to come | olkelalmağandıhe hasn't been able to come | bizkelalmağanbızwe haven't been able to come | sizkelalmağansızyou all haven't been able to come | alakelalmağandılathey haven't been able to come |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menkelalğanmamı? kelalğanmıma?have I been able to come? | senkelalğanmısa?have you been able to come? | olkelalğanmıdı?has he been able to come? | bizkelalğanbızmı? kelalğanmıbız?have we been able to come? | sizkelalğanmısız?have you all been able to come? | alakelalğanmıdıla?have they been able to come? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menkelalmağanmamı? kelalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to come? | senkelalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to come? | olkelalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to come? | bizkelalmağanbızmı? kelalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to come? | sizkelalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to come? | alakelalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to come? |
| Ability — past perfect | menkelalğan edimkelalğanemI had been able to come | senkelalğan ediŋkelalğaneŋyou had been able to come | olkelalğan edikelalğanedhe had been able to come | bizkelalğan edikkelalğanekwe had been able to come | sizkelalğan edigizkelalğanegizyou all had been able to come | alakelalğan edilekelalğanellethey had been able to come |
| Ability — past perfect | menkelalmağan edimkelalmağanemI hadn't been able to come | senkelalmağan ediŋkelalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to come | olkelalmağan edikelalmağanedhe hadn't been able to come | bizkelalmağan edikkelalmağanekwe hadn't been able to come | sizkelalmağan edigizkelalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to come | alakelalmağan edilekelalmağanellethey hadn't been able to come |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menkelala edimkelalaemI could come | senkelala ediŋkelalaeŋyou could come | olkelala edikelalaedhe could come | bizkelala edikkelalaekwe could come | sizkelala edigizkelalaegizyou all could come | alakelala edilekelalaellethey could come |
| Ability — past background | menkelalmay edimkelalmayemI could not come | senkelalmay ediŋkelalmayeŋyou could not come | olkelalmay edikelalmayedhe could not come | bizkelalmay edikkelalmayekwe could not come | sizkelalmay edigizkelalmayegizyou all could not come | alakelalmay edilekelalmayellethey could not come |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menkelalırmaI will be able to come | senkelalırsayou will be able to come | olkelalırhe will be able to come | bizkelalırbızwe will be able to come | sizkelalırsızyou all will be able to come | alakelalırlathey will be able to come |
| Ability — future I | menkelalmazmaI won't be able to come | senkelalmazsayou won't be able to come | olkelalmazhe won't be able to come | bizkelalmazbızwe won't be able to come | sizkelalmazsızyou all won't be able to come | alakelalmazlathey won't be able to come |
| Ability — future I | menkelalırmamı? kelalırmıma?will I be able to come? | senkelalırmısa?will you be able to come? | olkelalırmı?will he be able to come? | bizkelalırbızmı? kelalırmıbız?will we be able to come? | sizkelalırmısız?will you all be able to come? | alakelalırlamı? kelalırmıla?will they be able to come? |
| Ability — future I | menkelalmazmamı? kelalmazmıma?won't I be able to come? | senkelalmazmısa?won't you be able to come? | olkelalmazmı?won't he be able to come? | bizkelalmazbızmı? kelalmazmıbız?won't we be able to come? | sizkelalmazmısız?won't you all be able to come? | alakelalmazlamı? kelalmazmıla?won't they be able to come? |
| Ability — future II | menkelallıqmaI am going to be able to come | senkelallıqsayou are going to be able to come | olkelallıqdıhe is going to be able to come | bizkelallıqbızwe are going to be able to come | sizkelallıqsızyou all are going to be able to come | alakelallıqdılathey are going to be able to come |
| Ability — future II | menkelallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to come | senkelallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to come | olkelallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to come | bizkelallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to come | sizkelallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to come | alakelallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to come |
| Ability — future II | menkelallıqmamı? kelallıqmıma?am I going to be able to come? | senkelallıqmısa?are you going to be able to come? | olkelallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to come? | bizkelallıqbızmı? kelallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to come? | sizkelallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to come? | alakelallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to come? |
| Ability — future II | menkelallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to come? | senkelallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to come? | olkelallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to come? | bizkelallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to come? | sizkelallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to come? | alakelallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to come? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menkelalır edimkelalır emI would be able to come | senkelalır ediŋkelalır eŋyou would be able to come | olkelalır edikelalır edhe would be able to come | bizkelalır edikkelalır ekwe would be able to come | sizkelalır edigizkelalır egizyou all would be able to come | alakelalır edilekelalır ellethey would be able to come |
| Ability — would be able to… | menkelalmaz edimkelalmaz emI wouldn't be able to come | senkelalmaz ediŋkelalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to come | olkelalmaz edikelalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to come | bizkelalmaz edikkelalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to come | sizkelalmaz edigizkelalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to come | alakelalmaz edilekelalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to come |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senkelalğınkelalğımay you be able to come | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senkelalmağınkelalmağımay you not be able to come | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menkelirge izleymeI want to come | senkelirge izleyseyou want to come | olkelirge izleydihe wants to come | bizkelirge izleybizwe want to come | sizkelirge izleysizyou all want to come | alakelirge izleydilethey want to come |
| want to | menkelirge izlemeymeI do not want to come | senkelirge izlemeyseyou do not want to come | olkelirge izlemeydihe does not want to come | bizkelirge izlemeybizwe do not want to come | sizkelirge izlemeysizyou all do not want to come | alakelirge izlemeydilethey do not want to come |
| would like to | menkelirge süemeI would like to come | senkelirge süeseyou would like to come | olkelirge süedihe would like to come | bizkelirge süebizwe would like to come | sizkelirge süesizyou all would like to come | alakelirge süedilethey would like to come |
| would like to | menkelirge süymeymeI would not like to come | senkelirge süymeyseyou would not like to come | olkelirge süymeydihe would not like to come | bizkelirge süymeybizwe would not like to come | sizkelirge süymeysizyou all would not like to come | alakelirge süymeydilethey would not like to come |
| hope to | menkelirge umutlanamaI hope to come | senkelirge umutlanasayou hope to come | olkelirge umutlanadıhe hopes to come | bizkelirge umutlanabızwe hope to come | sizkelirge umutlanasızyou all hope to come | alakelirge umutlanadılathey hope to come |
| hope to | menkelirge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to come | senkelirge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to come | olkelirge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to come | bizkelirge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to come | sizkelirge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to come | alakelirge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to come |
| be about to | menkelirge deb turamaI am about to come | senkelirge deb turasayou are about to come | olkelirge deb turadıhe is about to come | bizkelirge deb turabızwe are about to come | sizkelirge deb turasızyou all are about to come | alakelirge deb turadılathey are about to come |
| be about to | menkelirge deb turmaymaI am not about to come | senkelirge deb turmaysayou are not about to come | olkelirge deb turmaydıhe is not about to come | bizkelirge deb turmaybızwe are not about to come | sizkelirge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to come | alakelirge deb turmaydılathey are not about to come |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menkelirge kerekmeI need to come | senkelirge kerekseyou need to come | olkelirge kerekdihe needs to come | bizkelirge kerekbizwe need to come | sizkelirge kereksizyou all need to come | alakelirge kerekdilethey need to come |
| need to | menkelirge kerek tülmeI do not need to come | senkelirge kerek tülseyou do not need to come | olkelirge kerek tüldühe does not need to come | bizkelirge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to come | sizkelirge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to come | alakelirge kerek tüldülethey do not need to come |
| have to | menmenŋe kelirge tüşediI have to come | sensenŋe kelirge tüşediyou have to come | olaŋa kelirge tüşedihe has to come | bizbizge kelirge tüşediwe have to come | sizsizge kelirge tüşediyou all have to come | alaalağa kelirge tüşedithey have to come |
| have to | menmenŋe kelirge tüşmeydiI do not have to come | sensenŋe kelirge tüşmeydiyou do not have to come | olaŋa kelirge tüşmeydihe does not have to come | bizbizge kelirge tüşmeydiwe do not have to come | sizsizge kelirge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to come | alaalağa kelirge tüşmeydithey do not have to come |
| be obliged to | menkelirge borçlumaI am obliged to come | senkelirge borçlusayou are obliged to come | olkelirge borçluduhe is obliged to come | bizkelirge borçlubuzwe are obliged to come | sizkelirge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to come | alakelirge borçludulathey are obliged to come |
| be obliged to | menkelirge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to come | senkelirge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to come | olkelirge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to come | bizkelirge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to come | sizkelirge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to come | alakelirge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to come |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menkelirge madarım bardıI have a way to come | senkelirge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to come | olkelirge madarı bardıhe has a way to come | bizkelirge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to come | sizkelirge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to come | alakelirge madarları bardıthey have a way to come |
| have a way to | menkelirge madarım joqduI have no way to come | senkelirge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to come | olkelirge madarı joqduhe has no way to come | bizkelirge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to come | sizkelirge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to come | alakelirge madarları joqduthey have no way to come |
| be free to | menkelirge erkinligim bardıI am free to come | senkelirge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to come | olkelirge erkinligi bardıhe is free to come | bizkelirge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to come | sizkelirge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to come | alakelirge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to come |
| be free to | menkelirge erkinligim joqduI am not free to come | senkelirge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to come | olkelirge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to come | bizkelirge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to come | sizkelirge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to come | alakelirge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to come |
| be possible to | menmenŋe kelirge bolluqduit is possible for me to come | sensenŋe kelirge bolluqduit is possible for you to come | olaŋa kelirge bolluqduit is possible for him to come | bizbizge kelirge bolluqduit is possible for us to come | sizsizge kelirge bolluqduit is possible for you all to come | alaalağa kelirge bolluqduit is possible for them to come |
| be possible to | menmenŋe kelirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to come | sensenŋe kelirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to come | olaŋa kelirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to come | bizbizge kelirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to come | sizsizge kelirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to come | alaalağa kelirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to come |
| be ready to | menkelirge hazırmaI am ready to come | senkelirge hazırsayou are ready to come | olkelirge hazırdıhe is ready to come | bizkelirge hazırbızwe are ready to come | sizkelirge hazırsızyou all are ready to come | alakelirge hazırdılathey are ready to come |
| be ready to | menkelirge hazır tülmeI am not ready to come | senkelirge hazır tülseyou are not ready to come | olkelirge hazır tüldühe is not ready to come | bizkelirge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to come | sizkelirge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to come | alakelirge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to come |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menkelirge küreşemeI am trying to come | senkelirge küreşeseyou are trying to come | olkelirge küreşedihe is trying to come | bizkelirge küreşebizwe are trying to come | sizkelirge küreşesizyou all are trying to come | alakelirge küreşedilethey are trying to come |
| try to | menkelirge küreşmeymeI am not trying to come | senkelirge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to come | olkelirge küreşmeydihe is not trying to come | bizkelirge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to come | sizkelirge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to come | alakelirge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to come |
| agree to | menkelirge unaymaI agree to come | senkelirge unaysayou agree to come | olkelirge unaydıhe agrees to come | bizkelirge unaybızwe agree to come | sizkelirge unaysızyou all agree to come | alakelirge unaydılathey agree to come |
| agree to | menkelirge unamaymaI refuse to come | senkelirge unamaysayou refuse to come | olkelirge unamaydıhe refuses to come | bizkelirge unamaybızwe refuse to come | sizkelirge unamaysızyou all refuse to come | alakelirge unamaydılathey refuse to come |
| hurry to | menkelirge aşığamaI am in a hurry to come | senkelirge aşığasayou are in a hurry to come | olkelirge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to come | bizkelirge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to come | sizkelirge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to come | alakelirge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to come |
| hurry to | menkelirge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to come | senkelirge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to come | olkelirge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to come | bizkelirge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to come | sizkelirge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to come | alakelirge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to come |
| be afraid to | menkelirge qorqamaI am afraid to come | senkelirge qorqasayou are afraid to come | olkelirge qorqadıhe is afraid to come | bizkelirge qorqabızwe are afraid to come | sizkelirge qorqasızyou all are afraid to come | alakelirge qorqadılathey are afraid to come |
| be afraid to | menkelirge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to come | senkelirge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to come | olkelirge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to come | bizkelirge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to come | sizkelirge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to come | alakelirge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to come |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menkele bolmazmaI can't be coming | senkele bolmazsayou can't be coming | olkele bolmazhe can't be coming | bizkele bolmazbızwe can't be coming | sizkele bolmazsızyou all can't be coming | alakele bolmazlathey can't be coming |
| Inference, present — double negation | menkelmey bolmazmaI must be coming (emphatic) | senkelmey bolmazsayou must be coming (emphatic) | olkelmey bolmazhe must be coming (emphatic) | bizkelmey bolmazbızwe must be coming (emphatic) | sizkelmey bolmazsızyou all must be coming (emphatic) | alakelmey bolmazlathey must be coming (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menkele turmasamif I don't keep coming | senkele turmasaŋif you don't keep coming | olkele turmasaif he doesn't keep coming | bizkele turmasaqif we don't keep coming | sizkele turmasağızif you all don't keep coming | alakele turmasalaif they don't keep coming |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menkele tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of coming | senkele tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of coming | olkele tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of coming | bizkele tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of coming | sizkele tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of coming | alakele tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of coming |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menkelmey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not coming (emphatic) | senkelmey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not coming (emphatic) | olkelmey tura bolmazhe must keep on not coming (emphatic) | bizkelmey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not coming (emphatic) | sizkelmey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not coming (emphatic) | alakelmey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not coming (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menkelmey turamaI keep on not coming | senkelmey turasayou keep on not coming | olkelmey turadıhe keeps on not coming | bizkelmey turabızwe keep on not coming | sizkelmey turasızyou all keep on not coming | alakelmey turadılathey keep on not coming |
| Progressive — double negation | menkelmey turmaymaI am not keeping on not coming | senkelmey turmaysayou are not keeping on not coming | olkelmey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not coming | bizkelmey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not coming | sizkelmey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not coming | alakelmey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not coming |
| Progressive — double negation | menkelmey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not coming? | senkelmey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not coming? | olkelmey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not coming? | bizkelmey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not coming? | sizkelmey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not coming? | alakelmey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not coming? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menkelgen bolmazmaI can't have come | senkelgen bolmazsayou can't have come | olkelgen bolmazhe can't have come | bizkelgen bolmazbızwe can't have come | sizkelgen bolmazsızyou all can't have come | alakelgen bolmazlathey can't have come |
| Inference — double negation | menkelmegen bolmazmaI must have come (emphatic) | senkelmegen bolmazsayou must have come (emphatic) | olkelmegen bolmazhe must have come (emphatic) | bizkelmegen bolmazbızwe must have come (emphatic) | sizkelmegen bolmazsızyou all must have come (emphatic) | alakelmegen bolmazlathey must have come (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menkelgen bolmasamif it weren't that I had come | senkelgen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had come | olkelgen bolmasaif it weren't that he had come | bizkelgen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had come | sizkelgen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had come | alakelgen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had come |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menkelmegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't come | senkelmegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't come | olkelmegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't come | bizkelmegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't come | sizkelmegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't come | alakelmegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't come |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menkellik bolmazmaI can't be going to come | senkellik bolmazsayou can't be going to come | olkellik bolmazhe can't be going to come | bizkellik bolmazbızwe can't be going to come | sizkellik bolmazsızyou all can't be going to come | alakellik bolmazlathey can't be going to come |
| Inference, future — double negation | menkelmezlik bolmazmaI must be going to come (emphatic) | senkelmezlik bolmazsayou must be going to come (emphatic) | olkelmezlik bolmazhe must be going to come (emphatic) | bizkelmezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to come (emphatic) | sizkelmezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to come (emphatic) | alakelmezlik bolmazlathey must be going to come (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menkellik bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to come | senkellik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to come | olkellik bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to come | bizkellik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to come | sizkellik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to come | alakellik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to come |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menkelmezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to come | senkelmezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to come | olkelmezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to come | bizkelmezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to come | sizkelmezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to come | alakelmezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to come |