taş

/taʃ/ · plural taşla

1. (n.) stone — Before another noun it means made of stone: taş üy "stone house".

taş awurdu — the stone is heavy
taş üy — a stone house
taş jol — a stony road
taş usta — a stonemason
uwaq taş — gravel, shingle
qısır taş — hard stone
mermer taş — marble
aq taş — quartz
taşha aylanırğa — to turn to stone
anı jüregi taşdı — his heart is of stone
taşnı ata bilmegen başına urur — one who cannot throw a stone will hit his own head

2. (n.) precious stone, gem

3. (n.) stone, hard deposit in an internal organ (med.) — Used for stones in the liver, kidneys or gallbladder.

4. (n.) fortune-telling with pebbles (ethnogr.) — Forty-one pebbles, beans or maize kernels are laid out to foretell what will happen.

taş salırğa — to tell fortunes with pebbles
ınna taş sala biledi — grandma knows how to tell fortunes with pebbles
taş saldırırğa — to have one's fortune told with pebbles
taşnı çıqğanı alaydı — that is what the stones say
taşha iynanŋan iynamından çığar — one who believes in the stones will lose his faith

Expressions

artha taş atıb ketmezge — not forsake homeland (Idiom)
ata taş — native place (Idiom)
awar taşha tayanma — don't trust the unreliable; don't chase the impossible (Idiom · Proverb or saying)
ayağı taşha tierin süymezge — wish no harm (Idiom)

Show 9 sources

Gochiyaeva et al. 1993 · Russian–Karachay Learner's Dictionary · meaning 1
Guzeev (ed.) 1996–2005 · Explanatory Dictionary of the Karachay-Balkar Language · meanings 1–3
Guzeev 2000 · School Explanatory Dictionary of the Balkar Language · meaning 4
Guzeev 2003 · Balkar–Russian School Dictionary · meaning 4
Guzeev 2013 · Dictionary of Homonyms of the Karachay-Balkar Language · all meanings
Khabichev (ed.) 1990 · Russian–Karachay-Balkar Phrasebook · meaning 1
Nevruz 1991 · Karachay-Balkar–Turkish Dictionary · meaning 1
Tenishev and Suyunchev (eds.) 1989 · Karachay-Balkar–Russian Dictionary · meanings 1, 4
Zhulabov et al. 1997 · School Russian–Balkar Dictionary · meaning 1

Singular — cases of taş, plain and with an owner
Case	—plain	menimy	seniyour	anıhis / her	bizniour	sizniyou all's	alanıtheir
Nominative	taşthe stone	taşımmy stone	taşıŋyour stone	taşıhis stone	taşıbızour stone	taşığızyou all's stone	taşlarıtheir stones
Genitive	taşnıthe stone's	taşımımy stone's	taşıŋıyour stone's	taşınıhis stone's	taşıbıznıour stone's	taşığıznıyou all's stone's	taşlarınıtheir stones'
Accusative	taşnıthe stone (as the object)	taşımımy stone (as the object)	taşıŋıyour stone (as the object)	taşınhis stone (as the object)	taşıbıznıour stone (as the object)	taşığıznıyou all's stone (as the object)	taşlarıntheir stones (as the object)
Dative	taşhato the stone	taşımato my stone	taşıŋato your stone	taşınato his stone	taşıbızğato our stone	taşığızğato you all's stone	taşlarınato their stones
Locative	taşdain / at the stone	taşımdain / at my stone	taşıŋdain / at your stone	taşındain / at his stone	taşıbızdain / at our stone	taşığızdain / at you all's stone	taşlarındain / at their stones
Ablative	taşdanfrom the stone	taşımdanfrom my stone	taşıŋdanfrom your stone	taşındanfrom his stone	taşıbızdanfrom our stone	taşığızdanfrom you all's stone	taşlarındanfrom their stones

Plural — cases of taş, plain and with an owner
Case	—plain	menimy	seniyour	anıhis / her	bizniour	sizniyou all's	alanıtheir
Nominative	taşlathe stones	taşlarımmy stones	taşlarıŋyour stones	taşlarıhis stones	taşlarıbızour stones	taşlarığızyou all's stones	taşlarıtheir stones
Genitive	taşlanıthe stones'	taşlarımımy stones'	taşlarıŋıyour stones'	taşlarınıhis stones'	taşlarıbıznıour stones'	taşlarığıznıyou all's stones'	taşlarınıtheir stones'
Accusative	taşlanıthe stones (as the object)	taşlarımımy stones (as the object)	taşlarıŋıyour stones (as the object)	taşlarınhis stones (as the object)	taşlarıbıznıour stones (as the object)	taşlarığıznıyou all's stones (as the object)	taşlarıntheir stones (as the object)
Dative	taşlağato the stones	taşlarımato my stones	taşlarıŋato your stones	taşlarınato his stones	taşlarıbızğato our stones	taşlarığızğato you all's stones	taşlarınato their stones
Locative	taşladain / at the stones	taşlarımdain / at my stones	taşlarıŋdain / at your stones	taşlarındain / at his stones	taşlarıbızdain / at our stones	taşlarığızdain / at you all's stones	taşlarındain / at their stones
Ablative	taşladanfrom the stones	taşlarımdanfrom my stones	taşlarıŋdanfrom your stones	taşlarındanfrom his stones	taşlarıbızdanfrom our stones	taşlarığızdanfrom you all's stones	taşlarındanfrom their stones

The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: taşları can mean "his / her stones", "their stone", or "their stones" — context decides.

The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.