qoyarğa
/qojarʁa/
1. leave, leave behind, abandon, give up (a thought or custom) — Also used of a man leaving his wife, that is, divorcing her: ol qatının qoyğandı.
- ol qatının qoyğandı — he has left his wife
- allay aqılnı qoy — give up such a thought
- eski adetleni qoyarğa — to leave the old customs behind
- anı alay qoyarğa amal joqdu — there is no way to leave it like that
2. stop, quit, leave off, give up doing something
- jılama, qoy — don't cry, leave off
- dawurnu qoyuğuz — stop the noise
- tütünnü qoyarğa — to give up smoking
- tütünnü qoysaŋ igi bolur — it would be good if you quit smoking
- iş qoyarğa — to quit work
3. let, allow, permit
- dawur juqlarğa qoymaydı — the noise does not let one sleep
- üyge qoymaydıla — they do not let anyone into the house
- qatına kişi qoymaydı — he lets no one near him
- qararğa qoyamıdıla? — do they let people look?
4. yield, give way, give up (a place or the road) to someone
- jol qoyarğa — to give way, to let someone pass
- orun qoyarğa — to give up one's seat
- qart adamğa orun qoy — give up your seat to the old man
5. bequeath, leave to someone
- üyün jaşına qoydu — he left his house to his son
- ölgen mülkün sabiylerine qoyğandı — the dead man left his property to his children
- malın qarnaşına qoyarğa — to leave his livestock to his brother
6. put off, postpone one source
- jıyılıwnu tamblağa qoyduq — we put the meeting off until tomorrow
- bu işni küzge qoyarğa — to put this work off until the autumn
- bügünŋü işni tamblağa qoyma — do not put off today's work until tomorrow
7. grow (a beard), let grow one source
- saqal qoyarğa — to grow a beard
- ol saqal qoyğandı — he has grown a beard
8. go ahead and do, end up doing, do once and for all — A helper verb after another verb's converb. It says the action was carried out fully, suddenly, or almost in passing: öltürüb qoyarğa 'kill', aytıb qoyarğa 'blurt out'. After a negative converb and itself negated it means 'be sure to do': barmay qoyma 'be sure to go'.
- körmegen kibik etib qoydu — he simply pretended not to see
- men anı atın unutub qoyğanma — I have gone and forgotten his name
- eski kitablanı atıb qoydula — they went and threw the old books away
- bu zatnı kişige aytıb qoyma — do not go and tell this to anyone
- unutub qoyma — don't go and forget
- barmay qoyma — be sure to go
Expressions
- aşawun-jaşawun qoysun — condolence formula
- aşhı at kesine qamiçi qoymağança — beyond reproach
- at aytırığın qoymazğa — wipe out utterly
- awuz açarğa qoymay — not letting a word in
Conjugation
Common forms
- qoyadıhe is leaving
- qoyduhe left
- qoyğandıhe has left
- qoyarhe will leave
- qoyarıqdıhe is going to leave
- qoya edihe was leaving
- qoysaif he leaves
- qoy!leave!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menqoyamaI am leaving | senqoyasayou are leaving | olqoyadıhe is leaving | bizqoyabızwe are leaving | sizqoyasızyou all are leaving | alaqoyadılathey are leaving |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menqoymaymaI am not leaving | senqoymaysayou are not leaving | olqoymaydıhe is not leaving | bizqoymaybızwe are not leaving | sizqoymaysızyou all are not leaving | alaqoymaydılathey are not leaving |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menqoyamamı? qoyamıma?am I leaving? | senqoyamısa?are you leaving? | olqoyamıdı?is he leaving? | bizqoyabızmı? qoyamıbız?are we leaving? | sizqoyamısız?are you all leaving? | alaqoyamıdıla?are they leaving? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menqoymaymamı? qoymaymıma?aren't I leaving? | senqoymaymısa?aren't you leaving? | olqoymaymıdı?isn't he leaving? | bizqoymaybızmı? qoymaymıbız?aren't we leaving? | sizqoymaymısız?aren't you all leaving? | alaqoymaymıdıla?aren't they leaving? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menqoyuwçanmaI usually leave | senqoyuwçansayou usually leave | olqoyuwçandıhe usually leaves | bizqoyuwçanbızwe usually leave | sizqoyuwçansızyou all usually leave | alaqoyuwçandılathey usually leave |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menqoymawçanmaI usually don't leave | senqoymawçansayou usually don't leave | olqoymawçandıhe usually doesn't leave | bizqoymawçanbızwe usually don't leave | sizqoymawçansızyou all usually don't leave | alaqoymawçandılathey usually don't leave |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menqoyuwçanmamı? qoyuwçanmıma?do I usually leave? | senqoyuwçanmısa?do you usually leave? | olqoyuwçanmıdı?does he usually leave? | bizqoyuwçanbızmı? qoyuwçanmıbız?do we usually leave? | sizqoyuwçanmısız?do you all usually leave? | alaqoyuwçanmıdıla?do they usually leave? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menqoymawçanmamı? qoymawçanmıma?do I usually not leave? | senqoymawçanmısa?do you usually not leave? | olqoymawçanmıdı?does he usually not leave? | bizqoymawçanbızmı? qoymawçanmıbız?do we usually not leave? | sizqoymawçanmısız?do you all usually not leave? | alaqoymawçanmıdıla?do they usually not leave? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olqoyubduhe has left and remains so | alaqoyubdulathey have left and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olqoyubmudu?has he left? | alaqoyubmudula?have they left? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menqoyub turamaI keep leaving | senqoyub turasayou keep leaving | olqoyub turadıhe keeps leaving | bizqoyub turabızwe keep leaving | sizqoyub turasızyou all keep leaving | alaqoyub turadılathey keep leaving |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menqoyub turmaymaI don't keep leaving | senqoyub turmaysayou don't keep leaving | olqoyub turmaydıhe doesn't keep leaving | bizqoyub turmaybızwe don't keep leaving | sizqoyub turmaysızyou all don't keep leaving | alaqoyub turmaydılathey don't keep leaving |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menqoyub turamamı? qoyub turamıma?do I keep leaving? | senqoyub turamısa?do you keep leaving? | olqoyub turamıdı?does he keep leaving? | bizqoyub turabızmı? qoyub turamıbız?do we keep leaving? | sizqoyub turamısız?do you all keep leaving? | alaqoyub turamıdıla?do they keep leaving? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menqoyub turmaymamı? qoyub turmaymıma?don't I keep leaving? | senqoyub turmaymısa?don't you keep leaving? | olqoyub turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep leaving? | bizqoyub turmaybızmı? qoyub turmaymıbız?don't we keep leaving? | sizqoyub turmaymısız?don't you all keep leaving? | alaqoyub turmaymıdıla?don't they keep leaving? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menqoya turamaI am in the middle of leaving | senqoya turasayou are in the middle of leaving | olqoya turadıhe is in the middle of leaving | bizqoya turabızwe are in the middle of leaving | sizqoya turasızyou all are in the middle of leaving | alaqoya turadılathey are in the middle of leaving |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menqoya turmaymaI am not in the middle of leaving | senqoya turmaysayou are not in the middle of leaving | olqoya turmaydıhe is not in the middle of leaving | bizqoya turmaybızwe are not in the middle of leaving | sizqoya turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of leaving | alaqoya turmaydılathey are not in the middle of leaving |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menqoya turamamı? qoya turamıma?am I in the middle of leaving? | senqoya turamısa?are you in the middle of leaving? | olqoya turamıdı?is he in the middle of leaving? | bizqoya turabızmı? qoya turamıbız?are we in the middle of leaving? | sizqoya turamısız?are you all in the middle of leaving? | alaqoya turamıdıla?are they in the middle of leaving? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menqoya turmaymamı? qoya turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of leaving? | senqoya turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of leaving? | olqoya turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of leaving? | bizqoya turmaybızmı? qoya turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of leaving? | sizqoya turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of leaving? | alaqoya turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of leaving? |
| Simple past (definite) | menqoydumI left | senqoyduŋyou left | olqoyduhe left | bizqoyduqwe left | sizqoyduğuzyou all left | alaqoydulathey left |
| Simple past (definite) | menqoymadımI didn't leave | senqoymadıŋyou didn't leave | olqoymadıhe didn't leave | bizqoymadıqwe didn't leave | sizqoymadığızyou all didn't leave | alaqoymadılathey didn't leave |
| Simple past (definite) | menqoydummu?did I leave? | senqoyduŋmu?did you leave? | olqoydumu?did he leave? | bizqoyduqmu?did we leave? | sizqoyduğuzmu?did you all leave? | alaqoydulamı?did they leave? |
| Simple past (definite) | menqoymadımmı?didn't I leave? | senqoymadıŋmı?didn't you leave? | olqoymadımı?didn't he leave? | bizqoymadıqmı?didn't we leave? | sizqoymadığızmı?didn't you all leave? | alaqoymadılamı?didn't they leave? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menqoyğanmaI have left | senqoyğansayou have left | olqoyğandıhe has left | bizqoyğanbızwe have left | sizqoyğansızyou all have left | alaqoyğandılathey have left |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menqoymağanmaI haven't left | senqoymağansayou haven't left | olqoymağandıhe hasn't left | bizqoymağanbızwe haven't left | sizqoymağansızyou all haven't left | alaqoymağandılathey haven't left |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menqoyğanmamı? qoyğanmıma?have I left? | senqoyğanmısa?have you left? | olqoyğanmıdı?has he left? | bizqoyğanbızmı? qoyğanmıbız?have we left? | sizqoyğanmısız?have you all left? | alaqoyğanmıdıla?have they left? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menqoymağanmamı? qoymağanmıma?haven't I left? | senqoymağanmısa?haven't you left? | olqoymağanmıdı?hasn't he left? | bizqoymağanbızmı? qoymağanmıbız?haven't we left? | sizqoymağanmısız?haven't you all left? | alaqoymağanmıdıla?haven't they left? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menqoyub turdumI kept leaving | senqoyub turduŋyou kept leaving | olqoyub turduhe kept leaving | bizqoyub turduqwe kept leaving | sizqoyub turduğuzyou all kept leaving | alaqoyub turdulathey kept leaving |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menqoyub turmadımI didn't keep leaving | senqoyub turmadıŋyou didn't keep leaving | olqoyub turmadıhe didn't keep leaving | bizqoyub turmadıqwe didn't keep leaving | sizqoyub turmadığızyou all didn't keep leaving | alaqoyub turmadılathey didn't keep leaving |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menqoyarmaI will leave | senqoyarsayou will leave | olqoyarhe will leave | bizqoyarbızwe will leave | sizqoyarsızyou all will leave | alaqoyarlathey will leave |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menqoymazmaI won't leave | senqoymazsayou won't leave | olqoymazhe won't leave | bizqoymazbızwe won't leave | sizqoymazsızyou all won't leave | alaqoymazlathey won't leave |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menqoyarmamı? qoyarmıma?will I leave? | senqoyarmısa?will you leave? | olqoyarmı?will he leave? | bizqoyarbızmı? qoyarmıbız?will we leave? | sizqoyarmısız?will you all leave? | alaqoyarlamı? qoyarmıla?will they leave? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menqoymazmamı? qoymazmıma?won't I leave? | senqoymazmısa?won't you leave? | olqoymazmı?won't he leave? | bizqoymazbızmı? qoymazmıbız?won't we leave? | sizqoymazmısız?won't you all leave? | alaqoymazlamı? qoymazmıla?won't they leave? |
| Definite future (future II) | menqoyarıqmaI am going to leave | senqoyarıqsayou are going to leave | olqoyarıqdıhe is going to leave | bizqoyarıqbızwe are going to leave | sizqoyarıqsızyou all are going to leave | alaqoyarıqdılathey are going to leave |
| Definite future (future II) | menqoyarıq tülmeI am not going to leave | senqoyarıq tülseyou are not going to leave | olqoyarıq tüldühe is not going to leave | bizqoyarıq tülbüzwe are not going to leave | sizqoyarıq tülsüzyou all are not going to leave | alaqoyarıq tüldülethey are not going to leave |
| Definite future (future II) | menqoyarıqmamı? qoyarıqmıma?am I going to leave? | senqoyarıqmısa?are you going to leave? | olqoyarıqmıdı?is he going to leave? | bizqoyarıqbızmı? qoyarıqmıbız?are we going to leave? | sizqoyarıqmısız?are you all going to leave? | alaqoyarıqmıdıla?are they going to leave? |
| Definite future (future II) | menqoyarıq tülmüme?aren't I going to leave? | senqoyarıq tülmüse?aren't you going to leave? | olqoyarıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to leave? | bizqoyarıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to leave? | sizqoyarıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to leave? | alaqoyarıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to leave? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menqoyğan edimqoyğanemI had left | senqoyğan ediŋqoyğaneŋyou had left | olqoyğan ediqoyğanedhe had left | bizqoyğan edikqoyğanekwe had left | sizqoyğan edigizqoyğanegizyou all had left | alaqoyğan edileqoyğanellethey had left |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menqoymağan edimqoymağanemI hadn't left | senqoymağan ediŋqoymağaneŋyou hadn't left | olqoymağan ediqoymağanedhe hadn't left | bizqoymağan edikqoymağanekwe hadn't left | sizqoymağan edigizqoymağanegizyou all hadn't left | alaqoymağan edileqoymağanellethey hadn't left |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menqoya edimqoyaemI was leaving | senqoya ediŋqoyaeŋyou were leaving | olqoya ediqoyaedhe was leaving | bizqoya edikqoyaekwe were leaving | sizqoya edigizqoyaegizyou all were leaving | alaqoya edileqoyaellethey were leaving |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menqoymay edimqoymayemI wasn't leaving | senqoymay ediŋqoymayeŋyou weren't leaving | olqoymay ediqoymayedhe wasn't leaving | bizqoymay edikqoymayekwe weren't leaving | sizqoymay edigizqoymayegizyou all weren't leaving | alaqoymay edileqoymayellethey weren't leaving |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menqoyuwçan edimqoyuwçanemI used to leave | senqoyuwçan ediŋqoyuwçaneŋyou used to leave | olqoyuwçan ediqoyuwçanedhe used to leave | bizqoyuwçan edikqoyuwçanekwe used to leave | sizqoyuwçan edigizqoyuwçanegizyou all used to leave | alaqoyuwçan edileqoyuwçanellethey used to leave |
| Habitual past (used to) | menqoymawçan edimqoymawçanemI didn't use to leave | senqoymawçan ediŋqoymawçaneŋyou didn't use to leave | olqoymawçan ediqoymawçanedhe didn't use to leave | bizqoymawçan edikqoymawçanekwe didn't use to leave | sizqoymawçan edigizqoymawçanegizyou all didn't use to leave | alaqoymawçan edileqoymawçanellethey didn't use to leave |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olqoyub edihe had left and remained so | alaqoyub edilethey had left and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olqoyub tül edihe hadn't left | alaqoyub tül edilethey hadn't left | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menqoyub tura edimqoyub turaemI had kept leaving | senqoyub tura ediŋqoyub turaeŋyou had kept leaving | olqoyub tura ediqoyub turaedhe had kept leaving | bizqoyub tura edikqoyub turaekwe had kept leaving | sizqoyub tura edigizqoyub turaegizyou all had kept leaving | alaqoyub tura edileqoyub turaellethey had kept leaving |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menqoyub turmay edimqoyub turmayemI hadn't kept leaving | senqoyub turmay ediŋqoyub turmayeŋyou hadn't kept leaving | olqoyub turmay ediqoyub turmayedhe hadn't kept leaving | bizqoyub turmay edikqoyub turmayekwe hadn't kept leaving | sizqoyub turmay edigizqoyub turmayegizyou all hadn't kept leaving | alaqoyub turmay edileqoyub turmayellethey hadn't kept leaving |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menqoya tura edimqoya turaemI was in the middle of leaving | senqoya tura ediŋqoya turaeŋyou were in the middle of leaving | olqoya tura ediqoya turaedhe was in the middle of leaving | bizqoya tura edikqoya turaekwe were in the middle of leaving | sizqoya tura edigizqoya turaegizyou all were in the middle of leaving | alaqoya tura edileqoya turaellethey were in the middle of leaving |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menqoya turmay edimqoya turmayemI wasn't in the middle of leaving | senqoya turmay ediŋqoya turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of leaving | olqoya turmay ediqoya turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of leaving | bizqoya turmay edikqoya turmayekwe weren't in the middle of leaving | sizqoya turmay edigizqoya turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of leaving | alaqoya turmay edileqoya turmayellethey weren't in the middle of leaving |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menqoyar edimqoyar emI would leave | senqoyar ediŋqoyar eŋyou would leave | olqoyar ediqoyar edhe would leave | bizqoyar edikqoyar ekwe would leave | sizqoyar edigizqoyar egizyou all would leave | alaqoyar edileqoyar ellethey would leave |
| Conditional result (would) | menqoymaz edimqoymaz emI wouldn't leave | senqoymaz ediŋqoymaz eŋyou wouldn't leave | olqoymaz ediqoymaz edhe wouldn't leave | bizqoymaz edikqoymaz ekwe wouldn't leave | sizqoymaz edigizqoymaz egizyou all wouldn't leave | alaqoymaz edileqoymaz ellethey wouldn't leave |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menqoyarıq edimqoyarıq emI would have left | senqoyarıq ediŋqoyarıq eŋyou would have left | olqoyarıq ediqoyarıq edhe would have left | bizqoyarıq edikqoyarıq ekwe would have left | sizqoyarıq edigizqoyarıq egizyou all would have left | alaqoyarıq edileqoyarıq ellethey would have left |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menqoyarıq tül edimqoyarıq tül emI wouldn't have left | senqoyarıq tül ediŋqoyarıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have left | olqoyarıq tül ediqoyarıq tül edhe wouldn't have left | bizqoyarıq tül edikqoyarıq tül ekwe wouldn't have left | sizqoyarıq tül edigizqoyarıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have left | alaqoyarıq tül edileqoyarıq tül ellethey wouldn't have left |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menqoysamif I leave | senqoysaŋif you leave | olqoysaif he leaves | bizqoysaqif we leave | sizqoysağızif you all leave | alaqoysalaif they leave |
| Conditional | menqoymasamif I don't leave | senqoymasaŋif you don't leave | olqoymasaif he doesn't leave | bizqoymasaqif we don't leave | sizqoymasağızif you all don't leave | alaqoymasalaif they don't leave |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menqoya esemif I am leaving | senqoya eseŋif you are leaving | olqoya eseif he is leaving | bizqoya esekif we are leaving | sizqoya esegizif you all are leaving | alaqoya eseleif they are leaving |
| Conditional, present real | menqoymay esemif I am not leaving | senqoymay eseŋif you are not leaving | olqoymay eseif he is not leaving | bizqoymay esekif we are not leaving | sizqoymay esegizif you all are not leaving | alaqoymay eseleif they are not leaving |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menqoysam ediqoysam edif only I left | senqoysaŋ ediqoysaŋ edif only you left | olqoysa ediqoysaedif only he left | bizqoysaq ediqoysaq edif only we left | sizqoysağız ediqoysağız edif only you all left | alaqoysala ediqoysalaedif only they left |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menqoymasam ediqoymasam edif only I didn't leave | senqoymasaŋ ediqoymasaŋ edif only you didn't leave | olqoymasa ediqoymasaedif only he didn't leave | bizqoymasaq ediqoymasaq edif only we didn't leave | sizqoymasağız ediqoymasağız edif only you all didn't leave | alaqoymasala ediqoymasalaedif only they didn't leave |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menqoyub tursamif I carry on leaving | senqoyub tursaŋif you carry on leaving | olqoyub tursaif he carries on leaving | bizqoyub tursaqif we carry on leaving | sizqoyub tursağızif you all carry on leaving | alaqoyub tursalaif they carry on leaving |
| Durative conditional | menqoyub turmasamif I don't carry on leaving | senqoyub turmasaŋif you don't carry on leaving | olqoyub turmasaif he doesn't carry on leaving | bizqoyub turmasaqif we don't carry on leaving | sizqoyub turmasağızif you all don't carry on leaving | alaqoyub turmasalaif they don't carry on leaving |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menqoyub tura esemif I have kept leaving | senqoyub tura eseŋif you have kept leaving | olqoyub tura eseif he has kept leaving | bizqoyub tura esekif we have kept leaving | sizqoyub tura esegizif you all have kept leaving | alaqoyub tura eseleif they have kept leaving |
| Durative conditional, present real | menqoyub turmay esemif I haven't kept leaving | senqoyub turmay eseŋif you haven't kept leaving | olqoyub turmay eseif he hasn't kept leaving | bizqoyub turmay esekif we haven't kept leaving | sizqoyub turmay esegizif you all haven't kept leaving | alaqoyub turmay eseleif they haven't kept leaving |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menqoya tursamif I keep leaving | senqoya tursaŋif you keep leaving | olqoya tursaif he keeps leaving | bizqoya tursaqif we keep leaving | sizqoya tursağızif you all keep leaving | alaqoya tursalaif they keep leaving |
| Progressive conditional | menqoymay tursamif I keep on not leaving | senqoymay tursaŋif you keep on not leaving | olqoymay tursaif he keeps on not leaving | bizqoymay tursaqif we keep on not leaving | sizqoymay tursağızif you all keep on not leaving | alaqoymay tursalaif they keep on not leaving |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menqoya tura esemif I am in the middle of leaving | senqoya tura eseŋif you are in the middle of leaving | olqoya tura eseif he is in the middle of leaving | bizqoya tura esekif we are in the middle of leaving | sizqoya tura esegizif you all are in the middle of leaving | alaqoya tura eseleif they are in the middle of leaving |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menqoymay tura esemif I keep on not leaving | senqoymay tura eseŋif you keep on not leaving | olqoymay tura eseif he keeps on not leaving | bizqoymay tura esekif we keep on not leaving | sizqoymay tura esegizif you all keep on not leaving | alaqoymay tura eseleif they keep on not leaving |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menqoydum esemif I left | senqoyduŋ eseŋif you left | olqoydu eseif he left | bizqoyduq esekif we left | sizqoyduğuz esegizif you all left | alaqoydula eseleif they left |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menqoymadım esemif I didn't leave | senqoymadıŋ eseŋif you didn't leave | olqoymadı eseif he didn't leave | bizqoymadıq esekif we didn't leave | sizqoymadığız esegizif you all didn't leave | alaqoymadıla eseleif they didn't leave |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menqoyğan esemif I did leave (indeed) | senqoyğan eseŋif you did leave (indeed) | olqoyğan eseif he did leave (indeed) | bizqoyğan esekif we did leave (indeed) | sizqoyğan esegizif you all did leave (indeed) | alaqoyğan eseleif they did leave (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menqoymağan esemif I didn't leave (indeed) | senqoymağan eseŋif you didn't leave (indeed) | olqoymağan eseif he didn't leave (indeed) | bizqoymağan esekif we didn't leave (indeed) | sizqoymağan esegizif you all didn't leave (indeed) | alaqoymağan eseleif they didn't leave (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menqoyğan bolsamif I had left | senqoyğan bolsaŋif you had left | olqoyğan bolsaif he had left | bizqoyğan bolsaqif we had left | sizqoyğan bolsağızif you all had left | alaqoyğan bolsalaif they had left |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menqoymağan bolsamif I hadn't left | senqoymağan bolsaŋif you hadn't left | olqoymağan bolsaif he hadn't left | bizqoymağan bolsaqif we hadn't left | sizqoymağan bolsağızif you all hadn't left | alaqoymağan bolsalaif they hadn't left |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menqoyğan bolsam ediqoyğan bolsam edif only I had left | senqoyğan bolsaŋ ediqoyğan bolsaŋ edif only you had left | olqoyğan bolsa ediqoyğan bolsaedif only he had left | bizqoyğan bolsaq ediqoyğan bolsaq edif only we had left | sizqoyğan bolsağız ediqoyğan bolsağız edif only you all had left | alaqoyğan bolsala ediqoyğan bolsalaedif only they had left |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menqoymağan bolsam ediqoymağan bolsam edif only I hadn't left | senqoymağan bolsaŋ ediqoymağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't left | olqoymağan bolsa ediqoymağan bolsaedif only he hadn't left | bizqoymağan bolsaq ediqoymağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't left | sizqoymağan bolsağız ediqoymağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't left | alaqoymağan bolsala ediqoymağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't left |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menqoyar esemif I will leave | senqoyar eseŋif you will leave | olqoyar eseif he will leave | bizqoyar esekif we will leave | sizqoyar esegizif you all will leave | alaqoyar eseleif they will leave |
| Conditional, aorist | menqoymaz esemif I won't leave | senqoymaz eseŋif you won't leave | olqoymaz eseif he won't leave | bizqoymaz esekif we won't leave | sizqoymaz esegizif you all won't leave | alaqoymaz eseleif they won't leave |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menqoyarıq esemif I am going to leave | senqoyarıq eseŋif you are going to leave | olqoyarıq eseif he is going to leave | bizqoyarıq esekif we are going to leave | sizqoyarıq esegizif you all are going to leave | alaqoyarıq eseleif they are going to leave |
| Conditional, future | menqoyarıq tül esemif I am not going to leave | senqoyarıq tül eseŋif you are not going to leave | olqoyarıq tül eseif he is not going to leave | bizqoyarıq tül esekif we are not going to leave | sizqoyarıq tül esegizif you all are not going to leave | alaqoyarıq tül eseleif they are not going to leave |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menqoyarıq bolsamif I were going to leave | senqoyarıq bolsaŋif you were going to leave | olqoyarıq bolsaif he were going to leave | bizqoyarıq bolsaqif we were going to leave | sizqoyarıq bolsağızif you all were going to leave | alaqoyarıq bolsalaif they were going to leave |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menqoymazlıq bolsamif I were not going to leave | senqoymazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to leave | olqoymazlıq bolsaif he were not going to leave | bizqoymazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to leave | sizqoymazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to leave | alaqoymazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to leave |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso qoyduŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menqoya bolurmaI must be leaving | senqoya bolursayou must be leaving | olqoya bolurhe must be leaving | bizqoya bolurbuzwe must be leaving | sizqoya bolursuzyou all must be leaving | alaqoya bolurlathey must be leaving |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menqoymay bolurmaI must not be leaving | senqoymay bolursayou must not be leaving | olqoymay bolurhe must not be leaving | bizqoymay bolurbuzwe must not be leaving | sizqoymay bolursuzyou all must not be leaving | alaqoymay bolurlathey must not be leaving |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menqoya tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of leaving | senqoya tura bolursayou must be in the middle of leaving | olqoya tura bolurhe must be in the middle of leaving | bizqoya tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of leaving | sizqoya tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of leaving | alaqoya tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of leaving |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menqoymay tura bolurmaI must keep on not leaving | senqoymay tura bolursayou must keep on not leaving | olqoymay tura bolurhe must keep on not leaving | bizqoymay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not leaving | sizqoymay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not leaving | alaqoymay tura bolurlathey must keep on not leaving |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menqoyğan bolurmaI must have left | senqoyğan bolursayou must have left | olqoyğan bolurhe must have left | bizqoyğan bolurbuzwe must have left | sizqoyğan bolursuzyou all must have left | alaqoyğan bolurlathey must have left |
| Inference (must have) | menqoymağan bolurmaI must not have left | senqoymağan bolursayou must not have left | olqoymağan bolurhe must not have left | bizqoymağan bolurbuzwe must not have left | sizqoymağan bolursuzyou all must not have left | alaqoymağan bolurlathey must not have left |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menqoyarıq bolurmaI must be going to leave | senqoyarıq bolursayou must be going to leave | olqoyarıq bolurhe must be going to leave | bizqoyarıq bolurbuzwe must be going to leave | sizqoyarıq bolursuzyou all must be going to leave | alaqoyarıq bolurlathey must be going to leave |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menqoymazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to leave | senqoymazlıq bolursayou must not be going to leave | olqoymazlıq bolurhe must not be going to leave | bizqoymazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to leave | sizqoymazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to leave | alaqoymazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to leave |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menqoyayımlet me leave | senqoy!leave! | olqoysunlet him leave | bizqoyayıqlet's leave | sizqoyuğuz!leave, you all! | alaqoysunlalet them leave |
| Commands & suggestions | menqoymayımlet me not leave | senqoyma!don't leave! | olqoymasınlet him not leave | bizqoymayıqlet's not leave | sizqoymağız!don't leave, you all! | alaqoymasınlalet them not leave |
| Commands & suggestions | menqoyayımmı?shall I leave? | olqoysunmu?should he leave? | bizqoyayıqmı?shall we leave? | alaqoysunlamı?should they leave? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menqoymayımmı?shall I not leave? | olqoymasınmı?should he not leave? | bizqoymayıqmı?shall we not leave? | alaqoymasınlamı?should they not leave? | ||
| Requests | senqoyçu2qoyçunplease leave | olqoysunçudo let him leave | sizqoyçuğuzplease leave (plural/polite) | alaqoysunlaçıdo let them leave | ||
| Requests | senqoymaçı2qoymaçınplease don't leave | olqoymasınçıdo let him not leave | sizqoymaçığızplease don't leave (plural/polite) | alaqoymasınlaçıdo let them not leave | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senqoyğunqoyğumay you leave | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senqoymağınqoymağımay you not leave | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menqoyğay edim qoyğa edimwould that I left | senqoyğay ediŋ qoyğa ediŋwould that you left | olqoyğay edi qoyğa ediwould that he left | bizqoyğay edik qoyğa edikwould that we left | sizqoyğay edigiz qoyğa edigizwould that you all left | alaqoyğay edile qoyğa edilewould that they left |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menqoymağay edim qoymağa edimwould that I did not leave | senqoymağay ediŋ qoymağa ediŋwould that you did not leave | olqoymağay edi qoymağa ediwould that he did not leave | bizqoymağay edik qoymağa edikwould that we did not leave | sizqoymağay edigiz qoymağa edigizwould that you all did not leave | alaqoymağay edile qoymağa edilewould that they did not leave |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menqoymağa qoyayımqoyma qoyayımlet me allow someone to leave | senqoymağa qoy!qoyma qoy!let someone leave! | olqoymağa qoysunqoyma qoysunlet him allow someone to leave | bizqoymağa qoyayıqqoyma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to leave | sizqoymağa qoyuğuz!qoyma qoyuğuz!let someone leave, you all! | alaqoymağa qoysunlaqoyma qoysunlalet them allow someone to leave |
| Let someone… (commands) | menqoymağa qoymayımqoyma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to leave | senqoymağa qoyma!qoyma qoyma!don't let someone leave! | olqoymağa qoymasınqoyma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to leave | bizqoymağa qoymayıqqoyma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to leave | sizqoymağa qoymağız!qoyma qoymağız!don't let someone leave, you all! | alaqoymağa qoymasınlaqoyma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to leave |
| Let someone… (commands) | menqoymağa qoyayımmı?qoyma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to leave? | olqoymağa qoysunmu?qoyma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to leave? | bizqoymağa qoyayıqmı?qoyma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to leave? | alaqoymağa qoysunlamı?qoyma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to leave? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menqoymağa qoymayımmı?qoyma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to leave? | olqoymağa qoymasınmı?qoyma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to leave? | bizqoymağa qoymayıqmı?qoyma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to leave? | alaqoymağa qoymasınlamı?qoyma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to leave? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menqoymağa qoyamaqoyma qoyamaI allow someone to leave | senqoymağa qoyasaqoyma qoyasayou allow someone to leave | olqoymağa qoyadıqoyma qoyadıhe allows someone to leave | bizqoymağa qoyabızqoyma qoyabızwe allow someone to leave | sizqoymağa qoyasızqoyma qoyasızyou all allow someone to leave | alaqoymağa qoyadılaqoyma qoyadılathey allow someone to leave |
| Let someone… (present) | menqoymağa qoymaymaqoyma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to leave | senqoymağa qoymaysaqoyma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to leave | olqoymağa qoymaydıqoyma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to leave | bizqoymağa qoymaybızqoyma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to leave | sizqoymağa qoymaysızqoyma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to leave | alaqoymağa qoymaydılaqoyma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to leave |
| Let someone… (present) | menqoymağa qoyamamı?qoyma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to leave? | senqoymağa qoyamısa?qoyma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to leave? | olqoymağa qoyamıdı?qoyma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to leave? | bizqoymağa qoyabızmı?qoyma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to leave? | sizqoymağa qoyamısız?qoyma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to leave? | alaqoymağa qoyamıdıla?qoyma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to leave? |
| Let someone… (present) | menqoymağa qoymaymamı?qoyma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to leave? | senqoymağa qoymaymısa?qoyma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to leave? | olqoymağa qoymaymıdı?qoyma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to leave? | bizqoymağa qoymaybızmı?qoyma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to leave? | sizqoymağa qoymaymısız?qoyma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to leave? | alaqoymağa qoymaymıdıla?qoyma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to leave? |
| Let someone… (past) | menqoymağa qoydumqoyma qoydumI allowed someone to leave | senqoymağa qoyduŋqoyma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to leave | olqoymağa qoyduqoyma qoyduhe allowed someone to leave | bizqoymağa qoyduqqoyma qoyduqwe allowed someone to leave | sizqoymağa qoyduğuzqoyma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to leave | alaqoymağa qoydulaqoyma qoydulathey allowed someone to leave |
| Let someone… (past) | menqoymağa qoymadımqoyma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to leave | senqoymağa qoymadıŋqoyma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to leave | olqoymağa qoymadıqoyma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to leave | bizqoymağa qoymadıqqoyma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to leave | sizqoymağa qoymadığızqoyma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to leave | alaqoymağa qoymadılaqoyma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to leave |
| Let someone… (past) | menqoymağa qoydummu?qoyma qoydummu?did I allow someone to leave? | senqoymağa qoyduŋmu?qoyma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to leave? | olqoymağa qoydumu?qoyma qoydumu?did he allow someone to leave? | bizqoymağa qoyduqmu?qoyma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to leave? | sizqoymağa qoyduğuzmu?qoyma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to leave? | alaqoymağa qoydulamı?qoyma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to leave? |
| Let someone… (past) | menqoymağa qoymadımmı?qoyma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to leave? | senqoymağa qoymadıŋmı?qoyma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to leave? | olqoymağa qoymadımı?qoyma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to leave? | bizqoymağa qoymadıqmı?qoyma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to leave? | sizqoymağa qoymadığızmı?qoyma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to leave? | alaqoymağa qoymadılamı?qoyma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to leave? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
qoyalırğa be able to leave · qoyalmazğa be unable to leave
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menqoyalamaI can leave | senqoyalasayou can leave | olqoyaladıhe can leave | bizqoyalabızwe can leave | sizqoyalasızyou all can leave | alaqoyaladılathey can leave |
| Ability — present | menqoyalmaymaI can't leave | senqoyalmaysayou can't leave | olqoyalmaydıhe can't leave | bizqoyalmaybızwe can't leave | sizqoyalmaysızyou all can't leave | alaqoyalmaydılathey can't leave |
| Ability — present | menqoyalamamı? qoyalamıma?can I leave? | senqoyalamısa?can you leave? | olqoyalamıdı?can he leave? | bizqoyalabızmı? qoyalamıbız?can we leave? | sizqoyalamısız?can you all leave? | alaqoyalamıdıla?can they leave? |
| Ability — present | menqoyalmaymamı? qoyalmaymıma?can't I leave? | senqoyalmaymısa?can't you leave? | olqoyalmaymıdı?can't he leave? | bizqoyalmaybızmı? qoyalmaymıbız?can't we leave? | sizqoyalmaymısız?can't you all leave? | alaqoyalmaymıdıla?can't they leave? |
| Ability — if I can… | menqoyalsamif I can leave | senqoyalsaŋif you can leave | olqoyalsaif he can leave | bizqoyalsaqif we can leave | sizqoyalsağızif you all can leave | alaqoyalsalaif they can leave |
| Ability — if I can… | menqoyalmasamif I can't leave | senqoyalmasaŋif you can't leave | olqoyalmasaif he can't leave | bizqoyalmasaqif we can't leave | sizqoyalmasağızif you all can't leave | alaqoyalmasalaif they can't leave |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menqoyaldımI was able to leave | senqoyaldıŋyou were able to leave | olqoyaldıhe was able to leave | bizqoyaldıqwe were able to leave | sizqoyaldığızyou all were able to leave | alaqoyaldılathey were able to leave |
| Ability — simple past | menqoyalmadımI could not leave | senqoyalmadıŋyou could not leave | olqoyalmadıhe could not leave | bizqoyalmadıqwe could not leave | sizqoyalmadığızyou all could not leave | alaqoyalmadılathey could not leave |
| Ability — simple past | menqoyaldımmı?was I able to leave? | senqoyaldıŋmı?were you able to leave? | olqoyaldımı?was he able to leave? | bizqoyaldıqmı?were we able to leave? | sizqoyaldığızmı?were you all able to leave? | alaqoyaldılamı?were they able to leave? |
| Ability — simple past | menqoyalmadımmı?couldn't I leave? | senqoyalmadıŋmı?couldn't you leave? | olqoyalmadımı?couldn't he leave? | bizqoyalmadıqmı?couldn't we leave? | sizqoyalmadığızmı?couldn't you all leave? | alaqoyalmadılamı?couldn't they leave? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menqoyalğanmaI have been able to leave | senqoyalğansayou have been able to leave | olqoyalğandıhe has been able to leave | bizqoyalğanbızwe have been able to leave | sizqoyalğansızyou all have been able to leave | alaqoyalğandılathey have been able to leave |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menqoyalmağanmaI haven't been able to leave | senqoyalmağansayou haven't been able to leave | olqoyalmağandıhe hasn't been able to leave | bizqoyalmağanbızwe haven't been able to leave | sizqoyalmağansızyou all haven't been able to leave | alaqoyalmağandılathey haven't been able to leave |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menqoyalğanmamı? qoyalğanmıma?have I been able to leave? | senqoyalğanmısa?have you been able to leave? | olqoyalğanmıdı?has he been able to leave? | bizqoyalğanbızmı? qoyalğanmıbız?have we been able to leave? | sizqoyalğanmısız?have you all been able to leave? | alaqoyalğanmıdıla?have they been able to leave? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menqoyalmağanmamı? qoyalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to leave? | senqoyalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to leave? | olqoyalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to leave? | bizqoyalmağanbızmı? qoyalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to leave? | sizqoyalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to leave? | alaqoyalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to leave? |
| Ability — past perfect | menqoyalğan edimqoyalğanemI had been able to leave | senqoyalğan ediŋqoyalğaneŋyou had been able to leave | olqoyalğan ediqoyalğanedhe had been able to leave | bizqoyalğan edikqoyalğanekwe had been able to leave | sizqoyalğan edigizqoyalğanegizyou all had been able to leave | alaqoyalğan edileqoyalğanellethey had been able to leave |
| Ability — past perfect | menqoyalmağan edimqoyalmağanemI hadn't been able to leave | senqoyalmağan ediŋqoyalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to leave | olqoyalmağan ediqoyalmağanedhe hadn't been able to leave | bizqoyalmağan edikqoyalmağanekwe hadn't been able to leave | sizqoyalmağan edigizqoyalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to leave | alaqoyalmağan edileqoyalmağanellethey hadn't been able to leave |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menqoyala edimqoyalaemI could leave | senqoyala ediŋqoyalaeŋyou could leave | olqoyala ediqoyalaedhe could leave | bizqoyala edikqoyalaekwe could leave | sizqoyala edigizqoyalaegizyou all could leave | alaqoyala edileqoyalaellethey could leave |
| Ability — past background | menqoyalmay edimqoyalmayemI could not leave | senqoyalmay ediŋqoyalmayeŋyou could not leave | olqoyalmay ediqoyalmayedhe could not leave | bizqoyalmay edikqoyalmayekwe could not leave | sizqoyalmay edigizqoyalmayegizyou all could not leave | alaqoyalmay edileqoyalmayellethey could not leave |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menqoyalırmaI will be able to leave | senqoyalırsayou will be able to leave | olqoyalırhe will be able to leave | bizqoyalırbızwe will be able to leave | sizqoyalırsızyou all will be able to leave | alaqoyalırlathey will be able to leave |
| Ability — future I | menqoyalmazmaI won't be able to leave | senqoyalmazsayou won't be able to leave | olqoyalmazhe won't be able to leave | bizqoyalmazbızwe won't be able to leave | sizqoyalmazsızyou all won't be able to leave | alaqoyalmazlathey won't be able to leave |
| Ability — future I | menqoyalırmamı? qoyalırmıma?will I be able to leave? | senqoyalırmısa?will you be able to leave? | olqoyalırmı?will he be able to leave? | bizqoyalırbızmı? qoyalırmıbız?will we be able to leave? | sizqoyalırmısız?will you all be able to leave? | alaqoyalırlamı? qoyalırmıla?will they be able to leave? |
| Ability — future I | menqoyalmazmamı? qoyalmazmıma?won't I be able to leave? | senqoyalmazmısa?won't you be able to leave? | olqoyalmazmı?won't he be able to leave? | bizqoyalmazbızmı? qoyalmazmıbız?won't we be able to leave? | sizqoyalmazmısız?won't you all be able to leave? | alaqoyalmazlamı? qoyalmazmıla?won't they be able to leave? |
| Ability — future II | menqoyallıqmaI am going to be able to leave | senqoyallıqsayou are going to be able to leave | olqoyallıqdıhe is going to be able to leave | bizqoyallıqbızwe are going to be able to leave | sizqoyallıqsızyou all are going to be able to leave | alaqoyallıqdılathey are going to be able to leave |
| Ability — future II | menqoyallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to leave | senqoyallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to leave | olqoyallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to leave | bizqoyallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to leave | sizqoyallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to leave | alaqoyallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to leave |
| Ability — future II | menqoyallıqmamı? qoyallıqmıma?am I going to be able to leave? | senqoyallıqmısa?are you going to be able to leave? | olqoyallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to leave? | bizqoyallıqbızmı? qoyallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to leave? | sizqoyallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to leave? | alaqoyallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to leave? |
| Ability — future II | menqoyallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to leave? | senqoyallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to leave? | olqoyallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to leave? | bizqoyallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to leave? | sizqoyallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to leave? | alaqoyallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to leave? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menqoyalır edimqoyalır emI would be able to leave | senqoyalır ediŋqoyalır eŋyou would be able to leave | olqoyalır ediqoyalır edhe would be able to leave | bizqoyalır edikqoyalır ekwe would be able to leave | sizqoyalır edigizqoyalır egizyou all would be able to leave | alaqoyalır edileqoyalır ellethey would be able to leave |
| Ability — would be able to… | menqoyalmaz edimqoyalmaz emI wouldn't be able to leave | senqoyalmaz ediŋqoyalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to leave | olqoyalmaz ediqoyalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to leave | bizqoyalmaz edikqoyalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to leave | sizqoyalmaz edigizqoyalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to leave | alaqoyalmaz edileqoyalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to leave |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senqoyalğınqoyalğımay you be able to leave | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senqoyalmağınqoyalmağımay you not be able to leave | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menqoyarğa izleymeI want to leave | senqoyarğa izleyseyou want to leave | olqoyarğa izleydihe wants to leave | bizqoyarğa izleybizwe want to leave | sizqoyarğa izleysizyou all want to leave | alaqoyarğa izleydilethey want to leave |
| want to | menqoyarğa izlemeymeI do not want to leave | senqoyarğa izlemeyseyou do not want to leave | olqoyarğa izlemeydihe does not want to leave | bizqoyarğa izlemeybizwe do not want to leave | sizqoyarğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to leave | alaqoyarğa izlemeydilethey do not want to leave |
| would like to | menqoyarğa süemeI would like to leave | senqoyarğa süeseyou would like to leave | olqoyarğa süedihe would like to leave | bizqoyarğa süebizwe would like to leave | sizqoyarğa süesizyou all would like to leave | alaqoyarğa süedilethey would like to leave |
| would like to | menqoyarğa süymeymeI would not like to leave | senqoyarğa süymeyseyou would not like to leave | olqoyarğa süymeydihe would not like to leave | bizqoyarğa süymeybizwe would not like to leave | sizqoyarğa süymeysizyou all would not like to leave | alaqoyarğa süymeydilethey would not like to leave |
| hope to | menqoyarğa umutlanamaI hope to leave | senqoyarğa umutlanasayou hope to leave | olqoyarğa umutlanadıhe hopes to leave | bizqoyarğa umutlanabızwe hope to leave | sizqoyarğa umutlanasızyou all hope to leave | alaqoyarğa umutlanadılathey hope to leave |
| hope to | menqoyarğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to leave | senqoyarğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to leave | olqoyarğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to leave | bizqoyarğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to leave | sizqoyarğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to leave | alaqoyarğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to leave |
| be about to | menqoyarğa deb turamaI am about to leave | senqoyarğa deb turasayou are about to leave | olqoyarğa deb turadıhe is about to leave | bizqoyarğa deb turabızwe are about to leave | sizqoyarğa deb turasızyou all are about to leave | alaqoyarğa deb turadılathey are about to leave |
| be about to | menqoyarğa deb turmaymaI am not about to leave | senqoyarğa deb turmaysayou are not about to leave | olqoyarğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to leave | bizqoyarğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to leave | sizqoyarğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to leave | alaqoyarğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to leave |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menqoyarğa kerekmeI need to leave | senqoyarğa kerekseyou need to leave | olqoyarğa kerekdihe needs to leave | bizqoyarğa kerekbizwe need to leave | sizqoyarğa kereksizyou all need to leave | alaqoyarğa kerekdilethey need to leave |
| need to | menqoyarğa kerek tülmeI do not need to leave | senqoyarğa kerek tülseyou do not need to leave | olqoyarğa kerek tüldühe does not need to leave | bizqoyarğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to leave | sizqoyarğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to leave | alaqoyarğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to leave |
| have to | menmenŋe qoyarğa tüşediI have to leave | sensenŋe qoyarğa tüşediyou have to leave | olaŋa qoyarğa tüşedihe has to leave | bizbizge qoyarğa tüşediwe have to leave | sizsizge qoyarğa tüşediyou all have to leave | alaalağa qoyarğa tüşedithey have to leave |
| have to | menmenŋe qoyarğa tüşmeydiI do not have to leave | sensenŋe qoyarğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to leave | olaŋa qoyarğa tüşmeydihe does not have to leave | bizbizge qoyarğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to leave | sizsizge qoyarğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to leave | alaalağa qoyarğa tüşmeydithey do not have to leave |
| be obliged to | menqoyarğa borçlumaI am obliged to leave | senqoyarğa borçlusayou are obliged to leave | olqoyarğa borçluduhe is obliged to leave | bizqoyarğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to leave | sizqoyarğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to leave | alaqoyarğa borçludulathey are obliged to leave |
| be obliged to | menqoyarğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to leave | senqoyarğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to leave | olqoyarğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to leave | bizqoyarğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to leave | sizqoyarğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to leave | alaqoyarğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to leave |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menqoyarğa madarım bardıI have a way to leave | senqoyarğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to leave | olqoyarğa madarı bardıhe has a way to leave | bizqoyarğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to leave | sizqoyarğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to leave | alaqoyarğa madarları bardıthey have a way to leave |
| have a way to | menqoyarğa madarım joqduI have no way to leave | senqoyarğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to leave | olqoyarğa madarı joqduhe has no way to leave | bizqoyarğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to leave | sizqoyarğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to leave | alaqoyarğa madarları joqduthey have no way to leave |
| be free to | menqoyarğa erkinligim bardıI am free to leave | senqoyarğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to leave | olqoyarğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to leave | bizqoyarğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to leave | sizqoyarğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to leave | alaqoyarğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to leave |
| be free to | menqoyarğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to leave | senqoyarğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to leave | olqoyarğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to leave | bizqoyarğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to leave | sizqoyarğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to leave | alaqoyarğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to leave |
| be possible to | menmenŋe qoyarğa bolluqduit is possible for me to leave | sensenŋe qoyarğa bolluqduit is possible for you to leave | olaŋa qoyarğa bolluqduit is possible for him to leave | bizbizge qoyarğa bolluqduit is possible for us to leave | sizsizge qoyarğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to leave | alaalağa qoyarğa bolluqduit is possible for them to leave |
| be possible to | menmenŋe qoyarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to leave | sensenŋe qoyarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to leave | olaŋa qoyarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to leave | bizbizge qoyarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to leave | sizsizge qoyarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to leave | alaalağa qoyarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to leave |
| be ready to | menqoyarğa hazırmaI am ready to leave | senqoyarğa hazırsayou are ready to leave | olqoyarğa hazırdıhe is ready to leave | bizqoyarğa hazırbızwe are ready to leave | sizqoyarğa hazırsızyou all are ready to leave | alaqoyarğa hazırdılathey are ready to leave |
| be ready to | menqoyarğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to leave | senqoyarğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to leave | olqoyarğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to leave | bizqoyarğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to leave | sizqoyarğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to leave | alaqoyarğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to leave |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menqoyarğa küreşemeI am trying to leave | senqoyarğa küreşeseyou are trying to leave | olqoyarğa küreşedihe is trying to leave | bizqoyarğa küreşebizwe are trying to leave | sizqoyarğa küreşesizyou all are trying to leave | alaqoyarğa küreşedilethey are trying to leave |
| try to | menqoyarğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to leave | senqoyarğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to leave | olqoyarğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to leave | bizqoyarğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to leave | sizqoyarğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to leave | alaqoyarğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to leave |
| agree to | menqoyarğa unaymaI agree to leave | senqoyarğa unaysayou agree to leave | olqoyarğa unaydıhe agrees to leave | bizqoyarğa unaybızwe agree to leave | sizqoyarğa unaysızyou all agree to leave | alaqoyarğa unaydılathey agree to leave |
| agree to | menqoyarğa unamaymaI refuse to leave | senqoyarğa unamaysayou refuse to leave | olqoyarğa unamaydıhe refuses to leave | bizqoyarğa unamaybızwe refuse to leave | sizqoyarğa unamaysızyou all refuse to leave | alaqoyarğa unamaydılathey refuse to leave |
| hurry to | menqoyarğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to leave | senqoyarğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to leave | olqoyarğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to leave | bizqoyarğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to leave | sizqoyarğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to leave | alaqoyarğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to leave |
| hurry to | menqoyarğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to leave | senqoyarğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to leave | olqoyarğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to leave | bizqoyarğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to leave | sizqoyarğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to leave | alaqoyarğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to leave |
| be afraid to | menqoyarğa qorqamaI am afraid to leave | senqoyarğa qorqasayou are afraid to leave | olqoyarğa qorqadıhe is afraid to leave | bizqoyarğa qorqabızwe are afraid to leave | sizqoyarğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to leave | alaqoyarğa qorqadılathey are afraid to leave |
| be afraid to | menqoyarğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to leave | senqoyarğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to leave | olqoyarğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to leave | bizqoyarğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to leave | sizqoyarğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to leave | alaqoyarğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to leave |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menqoya bolmazmaI can't be leaving | senqoya bolmazsayou can't be leaving | olqoya bolmazhe can't be leaving | bizqoya bolmazbızwe can't be leaving | sizqoya bolmazsızyou all can't be leaving | alaqoya bolmazlathey can't be leaving |
| Inference, present — double negation | menqoymay bolmazmaI must be leaving (emphatic) | senqoymay bolmazsayou must be leaving (emphatic) | olqoymay bolmazhe must be leaving (emphatic) | bizqoymay bolmazbızwe must be leaving (emphatic) | sizqoymay bolmazsızyou all must be leaving (emphatic) | alaqoymay bolmazlathey must be leaving (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menqoya turmasamif I don't keep leaving | senqoya turmasaŋif you don't keep leaving | olqoya turmasaif he doesn't keep leaving | bizqoya turmasaqif we don't keep leaving | sizqoya turmasağızif you all don't keep leaving | alaqoya turmasalaif they don't keep leaving |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menqoya tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of leaving | senqoya tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of leaving | olqoya tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of leaving | bizqoya tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of leaving | sizqoya tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of leaving | alaqoya tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of leaving |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menqoymay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not leaving (emphatic) | senqoymay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not leaving (emphatic) | olqoymay tura bolmazhe must keep on not leaving (emphatic) | bizqoymay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not leaving (emphatic) | sizqoymay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not leaving (emphatic) | alaqoymay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not leaving (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menqoymay turamaI keep on not leaving | senqoymay turasayou keep on not leaving | olqoymay turadıhe keeps on not leaving | bizqoymay turabızwe keep on not leaving | sizqoymay turasızyou all keep on not leaving | alaqoymay turadılathey keep on not leaving |
| Progressive — double negation | menqoymay turmaymaI am not keeping on not leaving | senqoymay turmaysayou are not keeping on not leaving | olqoymay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not leaving | bizqoymay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not leaving | sizqoymay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not leaving | alaqoymay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not leaving |
| Progressive — double negation | menqoymay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not leaving? | senqoymay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not leaving? | olqoymay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not leaving? | bizqoymay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not leaving? | sizqoymay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not leaving? | alaqoymay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not leaving? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menqoyğan bolmazmaI can't have left | senqoyğan bolmazsayou can't have left | olqoyğan bolmazhe can't have left | bizqoyğan bolmazbızwe can't have left | sizqoyğan bolmazsızyou all can't have left | alaqoyğan bolmazlathey can't have left |
| Inference — double negation | menqoymağan bolmazmaI must have left (emphatic) | senqoymağan bolmazsayou must have left (emphatic) | olqoymağan bolmazhe must have left (emphatic) | bizqoymağan bolmazbızwe must have left (emphatic) | sizqoymağan bolmazsızyou all must have left (emphatic) | alaqoymağan bolmazlathey must have left (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menqoyğan bolmasamif it weren't that I had left | senqoyğan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had left | olqoyğan bolmasaif it weren't that he had left | bizqoyğan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had left | sizqoyğan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had left | alaqoyğan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had left |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menqoymağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't left | senqoymağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't left | olqoymağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't left | bizqoymağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't left | sizqoymağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't left | alaqoymağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't left |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menqoyarıq bolmazmaI can't be going to leave | senqoyarıq bolmazsayou can't be going to leave | olqoyarıq bolmazhe can't be going to leave | bizqoyarıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to leave | sizqoyarıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to leave | alaqoyarıq bolmazlathey can't be going to leave |
| Inference, future — double negation | menqoymazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to leave (emphatic) | senqoymazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to leave (emphatic) | olqoymazlıq bolmazhe must be going to leave (emphatic) | bizqoymazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to leave (emphatic) | sizqoymazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to leave (emphatic) | alaqoymazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to leave (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menqoyarıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to leave | senqoyarıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to leave | olqoyarıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to leave | bizqoyarıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to leave | sizqoyarıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to leave | alaqoyarıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to leave |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menqoymazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to leave | senqoymazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to leave | olqoymazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to leave | bizqoymazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to leave | sizqoymazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to leave | alaqoymazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to leave |