suwurğa
/suwurʁa/
1. cool off, grow cold
- şorpa suwuğandı — the soup has gone cold
- et suwudu — the meat has cooled
- aş suwuğandı — the food has gone cold
- qollarım suwuğandıla — my hands have gone cold
- keçele suwudula — the nights grew cold
- suwub qalırğa — to cool right off
- suwuğan temir sozulmaz — iron that has gone cold won't stretch
2. become disillusioned, lose interest, lose hope — The person or thing one loses interest in stands in the ablative.
- işinden suwuğandı — he has lost interest in his work
- oquwdan suwuğanma — I have lost interest in studying
- ol bizden suwuğandı — he has grown cold toward us
- andan jüregim suwuğandı — my heart has grown cold toward him
- süygeniŋden suwurğa — to be disillusioned with the one you love
3. stiffen, grow cold — Said of a dead body.
- suwuğan sanla bügülürge unamaydıla — the stiffened limbs won't bend
4. calm down, subside — Said of anger and other strong feelings.
- açıwu suwuğandı — his anger has subsided
- terk açıwlanıwçu terk suwur — one who gets angry quickly calms down quickly
Expressions
- bosağası suwurğa — home go desolate
- jüregi suwurğa — cool down; lose interest
- qanı suwurğa — cool down
- taşkömürleri suwurğa — grudge cools
Conjugation
Common forms
- suwadıhe is cooling off
- suwduhe cooled off
- suwğandıhe has cooled off
- suwurhe will cool off
- suwuruqduhe is going to cool off
- suwa edihe was cooling off
- suwsaif he cools off
- suw!cool off!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensuwamaI am cooling off | sensuwasayou are cooling off | olsuwadıhe is cooling off | bizsuwabızwe are cooling off | sizsuwasızyou all are cooling off | alasuwadılathey are cooling off |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensuwmaymaI am not cooling off | sensuwmaysayou are not cooling off | olsuwmaydıhe is not cooling off | bizsuwmaybızwe are not cooling off | sizsuwmaysızyou all are not cooling off | alasuwmaydılathey are not cooling off |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensuwamamı? suwamıma?am I cooling off? | sensuwamısa?are you cooling off? | olsuwamıdı?is he cooling off? | bizsuwabızmı? suwamıbız?are we cooling off? | sizsuwamısız?are you all cooling off? | alasuwamıdıla?are they cooling off? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensuwmaymamı? suwmaymıma?aren't I cooling off? | sensuwmaymısa?aren't you cooling off? | olsuwmaymıdı?isn't he cooling off? | bizsuwmaybızmı? suwmaymıbız?aren't we cooling off? | sizsuwmaymısız?aren't you all cooling off? | alasuwmaymıdıla?aren't they cooling off? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensuwwçanmaI usually cool off | sensuwwçansayou usually cool off | olsuwwçandıhe usually cools off | bizsuwwçanbızwe usually cool off | sizsuwwçansızyou all usually cool off | alasuwwçandılathey usually cool off |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensuwmawçanmaI usually don't cool off | sensuwmawçansayou usually don't cool off | olsuwmawçandıhe usually doesn't cool off | bizsuwmawçanbızwe usually don't cool off | sizsuwmawçansızyou all usually don't cool off | alasuwmawçandılathey usually don't cool off |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensuwwçanmamı? suwwçanmıma?do I usually cool off? | sensuwwçanmısa?do you usually cool off? | olsuwwçanmıdı?does he usually cool off? | bizsuwwçanbızmı? suwwçanmıbız?do we usually cool off? | sizsuwwçanmısız?do you all usually cool off? | alasuwwçanmıdıla?do they usually cool off? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensuwmawçanmamı? suwmawçanmıma?do I usually not cool off? | sensuwmawçanmısa?do you usually not cool off? | olsuwmawçanmıdı?does he usually not cool off? | bizsuwmawçanbızmı? suwmawçanmıbız?do we usually not cool off? | sizsuwmawçanmısız?do you all usually not cool off? | alasuwmawçanmıdıla?do they usually not cool off? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olsuwubduhe has cooled off and remains so | alasuwubdulathey have cooled off and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olsuwubmudu?has he cooled off? | alasuwubmudula?have they cooled off? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensuwub turamaI keep cooling off | sensuwub turasayou keep cooling off | olsuwub turadıhe keeps cooling off | bizsuwub turabızwe keep cooling off | sizsuwub turasızyou all keep cooling off | alasuwub turadılathey keep cooling off |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensuwub turmaymaI don't keep cooling off | sensuwub turmaysayou don't keep cooling off | olsuwub turmaydıhe doesn't keep cooling off | bizsuwub turmaybızwe don't keep cooling off | sizsuwub turmaysızyou all don't keep cooling off | alasuwub turmaydılathey don't keep cooling off |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensuwub turamamı? suwub turamıma?do I keep cooling off? | sensuwub turamısa?do you keep cooling off? | olsuwub turamıdı?does he keep cooling off? | bizsuwub turabızmı? suwub turamıbız?do we keep cooling off? | sizsuwub turamısız?do you all keep cooling off? | alasuwub turamıdıla?do they keep cooling off? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensuwub turmaymamı? suwub turmaymıma?don't I keep cooling off? | sensuwub turmaymısa?don't you keep cooling off? | olsuwub turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep cooling off? | bizsuwub turmaybızmı? suwub turmaymıbız?don't we keep cooling off? | sizsuwub turmaymısız?don't you all keep cooling off? | alasuwub turmaymıdıla?don't they keep cooling off? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensuwa turamaI am in the middle of cooling off | sensuwa turasayou are in the middle of cooling off | olsuwa turadıhe is in the middle of cooling off | bizsuwa turabızwe are in the middle of cooling off | sizsuwa turasızyou all are in the middle of cooling off | alasuwa turadılathey are in the middle of cooling off |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensuwa turmaymaI am not in the middle of cooling off | sensuwa turmaysayou are not in the middle of cooling off | olsuwa turmaydıhe is not in the middle of cooling off | bizsuwa turmaybızwe are not in the middle of cooling off | sizsuwa turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of cooling off | alasuwa turmaydılathey are not in the middle of cooling off |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensuwa turamamı? suwa turamıma?am I in the middle of cooling off? | sensuwa turamısa?are you in the middle of cooling off? | olsuwa turamıdı?is he in the middle of cooling off? | bizsuwa turabızmı? suwa turamıbız?are we in the middle of cooling off? | sizsuwa turamısız?are you all in the middle of cooling off? | alasuwa turamıdıla?are they in the middle of cooling off? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensuwa turmaymamı? suwa turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of cooling off? | sensuwa turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of cooling off? | olsuwa turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of cooling off? | bizsuwa turmaybızmı? suwa turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of cooling off? | sizsuwa turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of cooling off? | alasuwa turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of cooling off? |
| Simple past (definite) | mensuwdumI cooled off | sensuwduŋyou cooled off | olsuwduhe cooled off | bizsuwduqwe cooled off | sizsuwduğuzyou all cooled off | alasuwdulathey cooled off |
| Simple past (definite) | mensuwmadımI didn't cool off | sensuwmadıŋyou didn't cool off | olsuwmadıhe didn't cool off | bizsuwmadıqwe didn't cool off | sizsuwmadığızyou all didn't cool off | alasuwmadılathey didn't cool off |
| Simple past (definite) | mensuwdummu?did I cool off? | sensuwduŋmu?did you cool off? | olsuwdumu?did he cool off? | bizsuwduqmu?did we cool off? | sizsuwduğuzmu?did you all cool off? | alasuwdulamı?did they cool off? |
| Simple past (definite) | mensuwmadımmı?didn't I cool off? | sensuwmadıŋmı?didn't you cool off? | olsuwmadımı?didn't he cool off? | bizsuwmadıqmı?didn't we cool off? | sizsuwmadığızmı?didn't you all cool off? | alasuwmadılamı?didn't they cool off? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensuwğanmaI have cooled off | sensuwğansayou have cooled off | olsuwğandıhe has cooled off | bizsuwğanbızwe have cooled off | sizsuwğansızyou all have cooled off | alasuwğandılathey have cooled off |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensuwmağanmaI haven't cooled off | sensuwmağansayou haven't cooled off | olsuwmağandıhe hasn't cooled off | bizsuwmağanbızwe haven't cooled off | sizsuwmağansızyou all haven't cooled off | alasuwmağandılathey haven't cooled off |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensuwğanmamı? suwğanmıma?have I cooled off? | sensuwğanmısa?have you cooled off? | olsuwğanmıdı?has he cooled off? | bizsuwğanbızmı? suwğanmıbız?have we cooled off? | sizsuwğanmısız?have you all cooled off? | alasuwğanmıdıla?have they cooled off? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensuwmağanmamı? suwmağanmıma?haven't I cooled off? | sensuwmağanmısa?haven't you cooled off? | olsuwmağanmıdı?hasn't he cooled off? | bizsuwmağanbızmı? suwmağanmıbız?haven't we cooled off? | sizsuwmağanmısız?haven't you all cooled off? | alasuwmağanmıdıla?haven't they cooled off? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mensuwub turdumI kept cooling off | sensuwub turduŋyou kept cooling off | olsuwub turduhe kept cooling off | bizsuwub turduqwe kept cooling off | sizsuwub turduğuzyou all kept cooling off | alasuwub turdulathey kept cooling off |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mensuwub turmadımI didn't keep cooling off | sensuwub turmadıŋyou didn't keep cooling off | olsuwub turmadıhe didn't keep cooling off | bizsuwub turmadıqwe didn't keep cooling off | sizsuwub turmadığızyou all didn't keep cooling off | alasuwub turmadılathey didn't keep cooling off |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensuwurmaI will cool off | sensuwursayou will cool off | olsuwurhe will cool off | bizsuwurbuzwe will cool off | sizsuwursuzyou all will cool off | alasuwurlathey will cool off |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensuwmazmaI won't cool off | sensuwmazsayou won't cool off | olsuwmazhe won't cool off | bizsuwmazbızwe won't cool off | sizsuwmazsızyou all won't cool off | alasuwmazlathey won't cool off |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensuwurmamı? suwurmuma?will I cool off? | sensuwurmusa?will you cool off? | olsuwurmu?will he cool off? | bizsuwurbuzmu? suwurmubuz?will we cool off? | sizsuwurmusuz?will you all cool off? | alasuwurlamı? suwurmula?will they cool off? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensuwmazmamı? suwmazmıma?won't I cool off? | sensuwmazmısa?won't you cool off? | olsuwmazmı?won't he cool off? | bizsuwmazbızmı? suwmazmıbız?won't we cool off? | sizsuwmazmısız?won't you all cool off? | alasuwmazlamı? suwmazmıla?won't they cool off? |
| Definite future (future II) | mensuwuruqmaI am going to cool off | sensuwuruqsayou are going to cool off | olsuwuruqduhe is going to cool off | bizsuwuruqbuzwe are going to cool off | sizsuwuruqsuzyou all are going to cool off | alasuwuruqdulathey are going to cool off |
| Definite future (future II) | mensuwuruq tülmeI am not going to cool off | sensuwuruq tülseyou are not going to cool off | olsuwuruq tüldühe is not going to cool off | bizsuwuruq tülbüzwe are not going to cool off | sizsuwuruq tülsüzyou all are not going to cool off | alasuwuruq tüldülethey are not going to cool off |
| Definite future (future II) | mensuwuruqmamı? suwuruqmuma?am I going to cool off? | sensuwuruqmusa?are you going to cool off? | olsuwuruqmudu?is he going to cool off? | bizsuwuruqbuzmu? suwuruqmubuz?are we going to cool off? | sizsuwuruqmusuz?are you all going to cool off? | alasuwuruqmudula?are they going to cool off? |
| Definite future (future II) | mensuwuruq tülmüme?aren't I going to cool off? | sensuwuruq tülmüse?aren't you going to cool off? | olsuwuruq tülmüdü?isn't he going to cool off? | bizsuwuruq tülmübüz?aren't we going to cool off? | sizsuwuruq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to cool off? | alasuwuruq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to cool off? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mensuwğan edimsuwğanemI had cooled off | sensuwğan ediŋsuwğaneŋyou had cooled off | olsuwğan edisuwğanedhe had cooled off | bizsuwğan ediksuwğanekwe had cooled off | sizsuwğan edigizsuwğanegizyou all had cooled off | alasuwğan edilesuwğanellethey had cooled off |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mensuwmağan edimsuwmağanemI hadn't cooled off | sensuwmağan ediŋsuwmağaneŋyou hadn't cooled off | olsuwmağan edisuwmağanedhe hadn't cooled off | bizsuwmağan ediksuwmağanekwe hadn't cooled off | sizsuwmağan edigizsuwmağanegizyou all hadn't cooled off | alasuwmağan edilesuwmağanellethey hadn't cooled off |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mensuwa edimsuwaemI was cooling off | sensuwa ediŋsuwaeŋyou were cooling off | olsuwa edisuwaedhe was cooling off | bizsuwa ediksuwaekwe were cooling off | sizsuwa edigizsuwaegizyou all were cooling off | alasuwa edilesuwaellethey were cooling off |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mensuwmay edimsuwmayemI wasn't cooling off | sensuwmay ediŋsuwmayeŋyou weren't cooling off | olsuwmay edisuwmayedhe wasn't cooling off | bizsuwmay ediksuwmayekwe weren't cooling off | sizsuwmay edigizsuwmayegizyou all weren't cooling off | alasuwmay edilesuwmayellethey weren't cooling off |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | mensuwwçan edimsuwwçanemI used to cool off | sensuwwçan ediŋsuwwçaneŋyou used to cool off | olsuwwçan edisuwwçanedhe used to cool off | bizsuwwçan ediksuwwçanekwe used to cool off | sizsuwwçan edigizsuwwçanegizyou all used to cool off | alasuwwçan edilesuwwçanellethey used to cool off |
| Habitual past (used to) | mensuwmawçan edimsuwmawçanemI didn't use to cool off | sensuwmawçan ediŋsuwmawçaneŋyou didn't use to cool off | olsuwmawçan edisuwmawçanedhe didn't use to cool off | bizsuwmawçan ediksuwmawçanekwe didn't use to cool off | sizsuwmawçan edigizsuwmawçanegizyou all didn't use to cool off | alasuwmawçan edilesuwmawçanellethey didn't use to cool off |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olsuwub edihe had cooled off and remained so | alasuwub edilethey had cooled off and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olsuwub tül edihe hadn't cooled off | alasuwub tül edilethey hadn't cooled off | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mensuwub tura edimsuwub turaemI had kept cooling off | sensuwub tura ediŋsuwub turaeŋyou had kept cooling off | olsuwub tura edisuwub turaedhe had kept cooling off | bizsuwub tura ediksuwub turaekwe had kept cooling off | sizsuwub tura edigizsuwub turaegizyou all had kept cooling off | alasuwub tura edilesuwub turaellethey had kept cooling off |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mensuwub turmay edimsuwub turmayemI hadn't kept cooling off | sensuwub turmay ediŋsuwub turmayeŋyou hadn't kept cooling off | olsuwub turmay edisuwub turmayedhe hadn't kept cooling off | bizsuwub turmay ediksuwub turmayekwe hadn't kept cooling off | sizsuwub turmay edigizsuwub turmayegizyou all hadn't kept cooling off | alasuwub turmay edilesuwub turmayellethey hadn't kept cooling off |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mensuwa tura edimsuwa turaemI was in the middle of cooling off | sensuwa tura ediŋsuwa turaeŋyou were in the middle of cooling off | olsuwa tura edisuwa turaedhe was in the middle of cooling off | bizsuwa tura ediksuwa turaekwe were in the middle of cooling off | sizsuwa tura edigizsuwa turaegizyou all were in the middle of cooling off | alasuwa tura edilesuwa turaellethey were in the middle of cooling off |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mensuwa turmay edimsuwa turmayemI wasn't in the middle of cooling off | sensuwa turmay ediŋsuwa turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of cooling off | olsuwa turmay edisuwa turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of cooling off | bizsuwa turmay ediksuwa turmayekwe weren't in the middle of cooling off | sizsuwa turmay edigizsuwa turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of cooling off | alasuwa turmay edilesuwa turmayellethey weren't in the middle of cooling off |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | mensuwur edimsuwur emI would cool off | sensuwur ediŋsuwur eŋyou would cool off | olsuwur edisuwur edhe would cool off | bizsuwur ediksuwur ekwe would cool off | sizsuwur edigizsuwur egizyou all would cool off | alasuwur edilesuwur ellethey would cool off |
| Conditional result (would) | mensuwmaz edimsuwmaz emI wouldn't cool off | sensuwmaz ediŋsuwmaz eŋyou wouldn't cool off | olsuwmaz edisuwmaz edhe wouldn't cool off | bizsuwmaz ediksuwmaz ekwe wouldn't cool off | sizsuwmaz edigizsuwmaz egizyou all wouldn't cool off | alasuwmaz edilesuwmaz ellethey wouldn't cool off |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | mensuwuruq edimsuwuruq emI would have cooled off | sensuwuruq ediŋsuwuruq eŋyou would have cooled off | olsuwuruq edisuwuruq edhe would have cooled off | bizsuwuruq ediksuwuruq ekwe would have cooled off | sizsuwuruq edigizsuwuruq egizyou all would have cooled off | alasuwuruq edilesuwuruq ellethey would have cooled off |
| Past conditional result (would have) | mensuwuruq tül edimsuwuruq tül emI wouldn't have cooled off | sensuwuruq tül ediŋsuwuruq tül eŋyou wouldn't have cooled off | olsuwuruq tül edisuwuruq tül edhe wouldn't have cooled off | bizsuwuruq tül ediksuwuruq tül ekwe wouldn't have cooled off | sizsuwuruq tül edigizsuwuruq tül egizyou all wouldn't have cooled off | alasuwuruq tül edilesuwuruq tül ellethey wouldn't have cooled off |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | mensuwsamif I cool off | sensuwsaŋif you cool off | olsuwsaif he cools off | bizsuwsaqif we cool off | sizsuwsağızif you all cool off | alasuwsalaif they cool off |
| Conditional | mensuwmasamif I don't cool off | sensuwmasaŋif you don't cool off | olsuwmasaif he doesn't cool off | bizsuwmasaqif we don't cool off | sizsuwmasağızif you all don't cool off | alasuwmasalaif they don't cool off |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | mensuwa esemif I am cooling off | sensuwa eseŋif you are cooling off | olsuwa eseif he is cooling off | bizsuwa esekif we are cooling off | sizsuwa esegizif you all are cooling off | alasuwa eseleif they are cooling off |
| Conditional, present real | mensuwmay esemif I am not cooling off | sensuwmay eseŋif you are not cooling off | olsuwmay eseif he is not cooling off | bizsuwmay esekif we are not cooling off | sizsuwmay esegizif you all are not cooling off | alasuwmay eseleif they are not cooling off |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mensuwsam edisuwsam edif only I cooled off | sensuwsaŋ edisuwsaŋ edif only you cooled off | olsuwsa edisuwsaedif only he cooled off | bizsuwsaq edisuwsaq edif only we cooled off | sizsuwsağız edisuwsağız edif only you all cooled off | alasuwsala edisuwsalaedif only they cooled off |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mensuwmasam edisuwmasam edif only I didn't cool off | sensuwmasaŋ edisuwmasaŋ edif only you didn't cool off | olsuwmasa edisuwmasaedif only he didn't cool off | bizsuwmasaq edisuwmasaq edif only we didn't cool off | sizsuwmasağız edisuwmasağız edif only you all didn't cool off | alasuwmasala edisuwmasalaedif only they didn't cool off |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | mensuwub tursamif I carry on cooling off | sensuwub tursaŋif you carry on cooling off | olsuwub tursaif he carries on cooling off | bizsuwub tursaqif we carry on cooling off | sizsuwub tursağızif you all carry on cooling off | alasuwub tursalaif they carry on cooling off |
| Durative conditional | mensuwub turmasamif I don't carry on cooling off | sensuwub turmasaŋif you don't carry on cooling off | olsuwub turmasaif he doesn't carry on cooling off | bizsuwub turmasaqif we don't carry on cooling off | sizsuwub turmasağızif you all don't carry on cooling off | alasuwub turmasalaif they don't carry on cooling off |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | mensuwub tura esemif I have kept cooling off | sensuwub tura eseŋif you have kept cooling off | olsuwub tura eseif he has kept cooling off | bizsuwub tura esekif we have kept cooling off | sizsuwub tura esegizif you all have kept cooling off | alasuwub tura eseleif they have kept cooling off |
| Durative conditional, present real | mensuwub turmay esemif I haven't kept cooling off | sensuwub turmay eseŋif you haven't kept cooling off | olsuwub turmay eseif he hasn't kept cooling off | bizsuwub turmay esekif we haven't kept cooling off | sizsuwub turmay esegizif you all haven't kept cooling off | alasuwub turmay eseleif they haven't kept cooling off |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | mensuwa tursamif I keep cooling off | sensuwa tursaŋif you keep cooling off | olsuwa tursaif he keeps cooling off | bizsuwa tursaqif we keep cooling off | sizsuwa tursağızif you all keep cooling off | alasuwa tursalaif they keep cooling off |
| Progressive conditional | mensuwmay tursamif I keep on not cooling off | sensuwmay tursaŋif you keep on not cooling off | olsuwmay tursaif he keeps on not cooling off | bizsuwmay tursaqif we keep on not cooling off | sizsuwmay tursağızif you all keep on not cooling off | alasuwmay tursalaif they keep on not cooling off |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | mensuwa tura esemif I am in the middle of cooling off | sensuwa tura eseŋif you are in the middle of cooling off | olsuwa tura eseif he is in the middle of cooling off | bizsuwa tura esekif we are in the middle of cooling off | sizsuwa tura esegizif you all are in the middle of cooling off | alasuwa tura eseleif they are in the middle of cooling off |
| Progressive conditional, present real | mensuwmay tura esemif I keep on not cooling off | sensuwmay tura eseŋif you keep on not cooling off | olsuwmay tura eseif he keeps on not cooling off | bizsuwmay tura esekif we keep on not cooling off | sizsuwmay tura esegizif you all keep on not cooling off | alasuwmay tura eseleif they keep on not cooling off |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | mensuwdum esemif I cooled off | sensuwduŋ eseŋif you cooled off | olsuwdu eseif he cooled off | bizsuwduq esekif we cooled off | sizsuwduğuz esegizif you all cooled off | alasuwdula eseleif they cooled off |
| Conditional, definite past1 | mensuwmadım esemif I didn't cool off | sensuwmadıŋ eseŋif you didn't cool off | olsuwmadı eseif he didn't cool off | bizsuwmadıq esekif we didn't cool off | sizsuwmadığız esegizif you all didn't cool off | alasuwmadıla eseleif they didn't cool off |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | mensuwğan esemif I did cool off (indeed) | sensuwğan eseŋif you did cool off (indeed) | olsuwğan eseif he did cool off (indeed) | bizsuwğan esekif we did cool off (indeed) | sizsuwğan esegizif you all did cool off (indeed) | alasuwğan eseleif they did cool off (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | mensuwmağan esemif I didn't cool off (indeed) | sensuwmağan eseŋif you didn't cool off (indeed) | olsuwmağan eseif he didn't cool off (indeed) | bizsuwmağan esekif we didn't cool off (indeed) | sizsuwmağan esegizif you all didn't cool off (indeed) | alasuwmağan eseleif they didn't cool off (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | mensuwğan bolsamif I had cooled off | sensuwğan bolsaŋif you had cooled off | olsuwğan bolsaif he had cooled off | bizsuwğan bolsaqif we had cooled off | sizsuwğan bolsağızif you all had cooled off | alasuwğan bolsalaif they had cooled off |
| Conditional, counterfactual | mensuwmağan bolsamif I hadn't cooled off | sensuwmağan bolsaŋif you hadn't cooled off | olsuwmağan bolsaif he hadn't cooled off | bizsuwmağan bolsaqif we hadn't cooled off | sizsuwmağan bolsağızif you all hadn't cooled off | alasuwmağan bolsalaif they hadn't cooled off |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mensuwğan bolsam edisuwğan bolsam edif only I had cooled off | sensuwğan bolsaŋ edisuwğan bolsaŋ edif only you had cooled off | olsuwğan bolsa edisuwğan bolsaedif only he had cooled off | bizsuwğan bolsaq edisuwğan bolsaq edif only we had cooled off | sizsuwğan bolsağız edisuwğan bolsağız edif only you all had cooled off | alasuwğan bolsala edisuwğan bolsalaedif only they had cooled off |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mensuwmağan bolsam edisuwmağan bolsam edif only I hadn't cooled off | sensuwmağan bolsaŋ edisuwmağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't cooled off | olsuwmağan bolsa edisuwmağan bolsaedif only he hadn't cooled off | bizsuwmağan bolsaq edisuwmağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't cooled off | sizsuwmağan bolsağız edisuwmağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't cooled off | alasuwmağan bolsala edisuwmağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't cooled off |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | mensuwur esemif I will cool off | sensuwur eseŋif you will cool off | olsuwur eseif he will cool off | bizsuwur esekif we will cool off | sizsuwur esegizif you all will cool off | alasuwur eseleif they will cool off |
| Conditional, aorist | mensuwmaz esemif I won't cool off | sensuwmaz eseŋif you won't cool off | olsuwmaz eseif he won't cool off | bizsuwmaz esekif we won't cool off | sizsuwmaz esegizif you all won't cool off | alasuwmaz eseleif they won't cool off |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | mensuwuruq esemif I am going to cool off | sensuwuruq eseŋif you are going to cool off | olsuwuruq eseif he is going to cool off | bizsuwuruq esekif we are going to cool off | sizsuwuruq esegizif you all are going to cool off | alasuwuruq eseleif they are going to cool off |
| Conditional, future | mensuwuruq tül esemif I am not going to cool off | sensuwuruq tül eseŋif you are not going to cool off | olsuwuruq tül eseif he is not going to cool off | bizsuwuruq tül esekif we are not going to cool off | sizsuwuruq tül esegizif you all are not going to cool off | alasuwuruq tül eseleif they are not going to cool off |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mensuwuruq bolsamif I were going to cool off | sensuwuruq bolsaŋif you were going to cool off | olsuwuruq bolsaif he were going to cool off | bizsuwuruq bolsaqif we were going to cool off | sizsuwuruq bolsağızif you all were going to cool off | alasuwuruq bolsalaif they were going to cool off |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mensuwmazlıq bolsamif I were not going to cool off | sensuwmazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to cool off | olsuwmazlıq bolsaif he were not going to cool off | bizsuwmazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to cool off | sizsuwmazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to cool off | alasuwmazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to cool off |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso suwduŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mensuwa bolurmaI must be cooling off | sensuwa bolursayou must be cooling off | olsuwa bolurhe must be cooling off | bizsuwa bolurbuzwe must be cooling off | sizsuwa bolursuzyou all must be cooling off | alasuwa bolurlathey must be cooling off |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mensuwmay bolurmaI must not be cooling off | sensuwmay bolursayou must not be cooling off | olsuwmay bolurhe must not be cooling off | bizsuwmay bolurbuzwe must not be cooling off | sizsuwmay bolursuzyou all must not be cooling off | alasuwmay bolurlathey must not be cooling off |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mensuwa tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of cooling off | sensuwa tura bolursayou must be in the middle of cooling off | olsuwa tura bolurhe must be in the middle of cooling off | bizsuwa tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of cooling off | sizsuwa tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of cooling off | alasuwa tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of cooling off |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mensuwmay tura bolurmaI must keep on not cooling off | sensuwmay tura bolursayou must keep on not cooling off | olsuwmay tura bolurhe must keep on not cooling off | bizsuwmay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not cooling off | sizsuwmay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not cooling off | alasuwmay tura bolurlathey must keep on not cooling off |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | mensuwğan bolurmaI must have cooled off | sensuwğan bolursayou must have cooled off | olsuwğan bolurhe must have cooled off | bizsuwğan bolurbuzwe must have cooled off | sizsuwğan bolursuzyou all must have cooled off | alasuwğan bolurlathey must have cooled off |
| Inference (must have) | mensuwmağan bolurmaI must not have cooled off | sensuwmağan bolursayou must not have cooled off | olsuwmağan bolurhe must not have cooled off | bizsuwmağan bolurbuzwe must not have cooled off | sizsuwmağan bolursuzyou all must not have cooled off | alasuwmağan bolurlathey must not have cooled off |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mensuwuruq bolurmaI must be going to cool off | sensuwuruq bolursayou must be going to cool off | olsuwuruq bolurhe must be going to cool off | bizsuwuruq bolurbuzwe must be going to cool off | sizsuwuruq bolursuzyou all must be going to cool off | alasuwuruq bolurlathey must be going to cool off |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mensuwmazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to cool off | sensuwmazlıq bolursayou must not be going to cool off | olsuwmazlıq bolurhe must not be going to cool off | bizsuwmazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to cool off | sizsuwmazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to cool off | alasuwmazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to cool off |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | mensuwayımlet me cool off | sensuw!cool off! | olsuwsunlet him cool off | bizsuwayıqlet's cool off | sizsuwuğuz!cool off, you all! | alasuwsunlalet them cool off |
| Commands & suggestions | mensuwmayımlet me not cool off | sensuwma!don't cool off! | olsuwmasınlet him not cool off | bizsuwmayıqlet's not cool off | sizsuwmağız!don't cool off, you all! | alasuwmasınlalet them not cool off |
| Commands & suggestions | mensuwayımmı?shall I cool off? | olsuwsunmu?should he cool off? | bizsuwayıqmı?shall we cool off? | alasuwsunlamı?should they cool off? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | mensuwmayımmı?shall I not cool off? | olsuwmasınmı?should he not cool off? | bizsuwmayıqmı?shall we not cool off? | alasuwmasınlamı?should they not cool off? | ||
| Requests | sensuwçu2suwçunplease cool off | olsuwsunçudo let him cool off | sizsuwçuğuzplease cool off (plural/polite) | alasuwsunlaçıdo let them cool off | ||
| Requests | sensuwmaçı2suwmaçınplease don't cool off | olsuwmasınçıdo let him not cool off | sizsuwmaçığızplease don't cool off (plural/polite) | alasuwmasınlaçıdo let them not cool off | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sensuwğunsuwğumay you cool off | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sensuwmağınsuwmağımay you not cool off | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mensuwğay edim suwğa edimwould that I cooled off | sensuwğay ediŋ suwğa ediŋwould that you cooled off | olsuwğay edi suwğa ediwould that he cooled off | bizsuwğay edik suwğa edikwould that we cooled off | sizsuwğay edigiz suwğa edigizwould that you all cooled off | alasuwğay edile suwğa edilewould that they cooled off |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mensuwmağay edim suwmağa edimwould that I did not cool off | sensuwmağay ediŋ suwmağa ediŋwould that you did not cool off | olsuwmağay edi suwmağa ediwould that he did not cool off | bizsuwmağay edik suwmağa edikwould that we did not cool off | sizsuwmağay edigiz suwmağa edigizwould that you all did not cool off | alasuwmağay edile suwmağa edilewould that they did not cool off |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | mensuwmağa qoyayımsuwma qoyayımlet me allow someone to cool off | sensuwmağa qoy!suwma qoy!let someone cool off! | olsuwmağa qoysunsuwma qoysunlet him allow someone to cool off | bizsuwmağa qoyayıqsuwma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to cool off | sizsuwmağa qoyuğuz!suwma qoyuğuz!let someone cool off, you all! | alasuwmağa qoysunlasuwma qoysunlalet them allow someone to cool off |
| Let someone… (commands) | mensuwmağa qoymayımsuwma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to cool off | sensuwmağa qoyma!suwma qoyma!don't let someone cool off! | olsuwmağa qoymasınsuwma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to cool off | bizsuwmağa qoymayıqsuwma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to cool off | sizsuwmağa qoymağız!suwma qoymağız!don't let someone cool off, you all! | alasuwmağa qoymasınlasuwma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to cool off |
| Let someone… (commands) | mensuwmağa qoyayımmı?suwma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to cool off? | olsuwmağa qoysunmu?suwma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to cool off? | bizsuwmağa qoyayıqmı?suwma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to cool off? | alasuwmağa qoysunlamı?suwma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to cool off? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | mensuwmağa qoymayımmı?suwma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to cool off? | olsuwmağa qoymasınmı?suwma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to cool off? | bizsuwmağa qoymayıqmı?suwma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to cool off? | alasuwmağa qoymasınlamı?suwma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to cool off? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | mensuwmağa qoyamasuwma qoyamaI allow someone to cool off | sensuwmağa qoyasasuwma qoyasayou allow someone to cool off | olsuwmağa qoyadısuwma qoyadıhe allows someone to cool off | bizsuwmağa qoyabızsuwma qoyabızwe allow someone to cool off | sizsuwmağa qoyasızsuwma qoyasızyou all allow someone to cool off | alasuwmağa qoyadılasuwma qoyadılathey allow someone to cool off |
| Let someone… (present) | mensuwmağa qoymaymasuwma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to cool off | sensuwmağa qoymaysasuwma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to cool off | olsuwmağa qoymaydısuwma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to cool off | bizsuwmağa qoymaybızsuwma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to cool off | sizsuwmağa qoymaysızsuwma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to cool off | alasuwmağa qoymaydılasuwma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to cool off |
| Let someone… (present) | mensuwmağa qoyamamı?suwma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to cool off? | sensuwmağa qoyamısa?suwma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to cool off? | olsuwmağa qoyamıdı?suwma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to cool off? | bizsuwmağa qoyabızmı?suwma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to cool off? | sizsuwmağa qoyamısız?suwma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to cool off? | alasuwmağa qoyamıdıla?suwma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to cool off? |
| Let someone… (present) | mensuwmağa qoymaymamı?suwma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to cool off? | sensuwmağa qoymaymısa?suwma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to cool off? | olsuwmağa qoymaymıdı?suwma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to cool off? | bizsuwmağa qoymaybızmı?suwma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to cool off? | sizsuwmağa qoymaymısız?suwma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to cool off? | alasuwmağa qoymaymıdıla?suwma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to cool off? |
| Let someone… (past) | mensuwmağa qoydumsuwma qoydumI allowed someone to cool off | sensuwmağa qoyduŋsuwma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to cool off | olsuwmağa qoydusuwma qoyduhe allowed someone to cool off | bizsuwmağa qoyduqsuwma qoyduqwe allowed someone to cool off | sizsuwmağa qoyduğuzsuwma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to cool off | alasuwmağa qoydulasuwma qoydulathey allowed someone to cool off |
| Let someone… (past) | mensuwmağa qoymadımsuwma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to cool off | sensuwmağa qoymadıŋsuwma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to cool off | olsuwmağa qoymadısuwma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to cool off | bizsuwmağa qoymadıqsuwma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to cool off | sizsuwmağa qoymadığızsuwma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to cool off | alasuwmağa qoymadılasuwma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to cool off |
| Let someone… (past) | mensuwmağa qoydummu?suwma qoydummu?did I allow someone to cool off? | sensuwmağa qoyduŋmu?suwma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to cool off? | olsuwmağa qoydumu?suwma qoydumu?did he allow someone to cool off? | bizsuwmağa qoyduqmu?suwma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to cool off? | sizsuwmağa qoyduğuzmu?suwma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to cool off? | alasuwmağa qoydulamı?suwma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to cool off? |
| Let someone… (past) | mensuwmağa qoymadımmı?suwma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to cool off? | sensuwmağa qoymadıŋmı?suwma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to cool off? | olsuwmağa qoymadımı?suwma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to cool off? | bizsuwmağa qoymadıqmı?suwma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to cool off? | sizsuwmağa qoymadığızmı?suwma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to cool off? | alasuwmağa qoymadılamı?suwma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to cool off? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
suwalırğa be able to cool off · suwalmazğa be unable to cool off
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | mensuwalamaI can cool off | sensuwalasayou can cool off | olsuwaladıhe can cool off | bizsuwalabızwe can cool off | sizsuwalasızyou all can cool off | alasuwaladılathey can cool off |
| Ability — present | mensuwalmaymaI can't cool off | sensuwalmaysayou can't cool off | olsuwalmaydıhe can't cool off | bizsuwalmaybızwe can't cool off | sizsuwalmaysızyou all can't cool off | alasuwalmaydılathey can't cool off |
| Ability — present | mensuwalamamı? suwalamıma?can I cool off? | sensuwalamısa?can you cool off? | olsuwalamıdı?can he cool off? | bizsuwalabızmı? suwalamıbız?can we cool off? | sizsuwalamısız?can you all cool off? | alasuwalamıdıla?can they cool off? |
| Ability — present | mensuwalmaymamı? suwalmaymıma?can't I cool off? | sensuwalmaymısa?can't you cool off? | olsuwalmaymıdı?can't he cool off? | bizsuwalmaybızmı? suwalmaymıbız?can't we cool off? | sizsuwalmaymısız?can't you all cool off? | alasuwalmaymıdıla?can't they cool off? |
| Ability — if I can… | mensuwalsamif I can cool off | sensuwalsaŋif you can cool off | olsuwalsaif he can cool off | bizsuwalsaqif we can cool off | sizsuwalsağızif you all can cool off | alasuwalsalaif they can cool off |
| Ability — if I can… | mensuwalmasamif I can't cool off | sensuwalmasaŋif you can't cool off | olsuwalmasaif he can't cool off | bizsuwalmasaqif we can't cool off | sizsuwalmasağızif you all can't cool off | alasuwalmasalaif they can't cool off |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | mensuwaldımI was able to cool off | sensuwaldıŋyou were able to cool off | olsuwaldıhe was able to cool off | bizsuwaldıqwe were able to cool off | sizsuwaldığızyou all were able to cool off | alasuwaldılathey were able to cool off |
| Ability — simple past | mensuwalmadımI could not cool off | sensuwalmadıŋyou could not cool off | olsuwalmadıhe could not cool off | bizsuwalmadıqwe could not cool off | sizsuwalmadığızyou all could not cool off | alasuwalmadılathey could not cool off |
| Ability — simple past | mensuwaldımmı?was I able to cool off? | sensuwaldıŋmı?were you able to cool off? | olsuwaldımı?was he able to cool off? | bizsuwaldıqmı?were we able to cool off? | sizsuwaldığızmı?were you all able to cool off? | alasuwaldılamı?were they able to cool off? |
| Ability — simple past | mensuwalmadımmı?couldn't I cool off? | sensuwalmadıŋmı?couldn't you cool off? | olsuwalmadımı?couldn't he cool off? | bizsuwalmadıqmı?couldn't we cool off? | sizsuwalmadığızmı?couldn't you all cool off? | alasuwalmadılamı?couldn't they cool off? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensuwalğanmaI have been able to cool off | sensuwalğansayou have been able to cool off | olsuwalğandıhe has been able to cool off | bizsuwalğanbızwe have been able to cool off | sizsuwalğansızyou all have been able to cool off | alasuwalğandılathey have been able to cool off |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensuwalmağanmaI haven't been able to cool off | sensuwalmağansayou haven't been able to cool off | olsuwalmağandıhe hasn't been able to cool off | bizsuwalmağanbızwe haven't been able to cool off | sizsuwalmağansızyou all haven't been able to cool off | alasuwalmağandılathey haven't been able to cool off |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensuwalğanmamı? suwalğanmıma?have I been able to cool off? | sensuwalğanmısa?have you been able to cool off? | olsuwalğanmıdı?has he been able to cool off? | bizsuwalğanbızmı? suwalğanmıbız?have we been able to cool off? | sizsuwalğanmısız?have you all been able to cool off? | alasuwalğanmıdıla?have they been able to cool off? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensuwalmağanmamı? suwalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to cool off? | sensuwalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to cool off? | olsuwalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to cool off? | bizsuwalmağanbızmı? suwalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to cool off? | sizsuwalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to cool off? | alasuwalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to cool off? |
| Ability — past perfect | mensuwalğan edimsuwalğanemI had been able to cool off | sensuwalğan ediŋsuwalğaneŋyou had been able to cool off | olsuwalğan edisuwalğanedhe had been able to cool off | bizsuwalğan ediksuwalğanekwe had been able to cool off | sizsuwalğan edigizsuwalğanegizyou all had been able to cool off | alasuwalğan edilesuwalğanellethey had been able to cool off |
| Ability — past perfect | mensuwalmağan edimsuwalmağanemI hadn't been able to cool off | sensuwalmağan ediŋsuwalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to cool off | olsuwalmağan edisuwalmağanedhe hadn't been able to cool off | bizsuwalmağan ediksuwalmağanekwe hadn't been able to cool off | sizsuwalmağan edigizsuwalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to cool off | alasuwalmağan edilesuwalmağanellethey hadn't been able to cool off |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | mensuwala edimsuwalaemI could cool off | sensuwala ediŋsuwalaeŋyou could cool off | olsuwala edisuwalaedhe could cool off | bizsuwala ediksuwalaekwe could cool off | sizsuwala edigizsuwalaegizyou all could cool off | alasuwala edilesuwalaellethey could cool off |
| Ability — past background | mensuwalmay edimsuwalmayemI could not cool off | sensuwalmay ediŋsuwalmayeŋyou could not cool off | olsuwalmay edisuwalmayedhe could not cool off | bizsuwalmay ediksuwalmayekwe could not cool off | sizsuwalmay edigizsuwalmayegizyou all could not cool off | alasuwalmay edilesuwalmayellethey could not cool off |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | mensuwalırmaI will be able to cool off | sensuwalırsayou will be able to cool off | olsuwalırhe will be able to cool off | bizsuwalırbızwe will be able to cool off | sizsuwalırsızyou all will be able to cool off | alasuwalırlathey will be able to cool off |
| Ability — future I | mensuwalmazmaI won't be able to cool off | sensuwalmazsayou won't be able to cool off | olsuwalmazhe won't be able to cool off | bizsuwalmazbızwe won't be able to cool off | sizsuwalmazsızyou all won't be able to cool off | alasuwalmazlathey won't be able to cool off |
| Ability — future I | mensuwalırmamı? suwalırmıma?will I be able to cool off? | sensuwalırmısa?will you be able to cool off? | olsuwalırmı?will he be able to cool off? | bizsuwalırbızmı? suwalırmıbız?will we be able to cool off? | sizsuwalırmısız?will you all be able to cool off? | alasuwalırlamı? suwalırmıla?will they be able to cool off? |
| Ability — future I | mensuwalmazmamı? suwalmazmıma?won't I be able to cool off? | sensuwalmazmısa?won't you be able to cool off? | olsuwalmazmı?won't he be able to cool off? | bizsuwalmazbızmı? suwalmazmıbız?won't we be able to cool off? | sizsuwalmazmısız?won't you all be able to cool off? | alasuwalmazlamı? suwalmazmıla?won't they be able to cool off? |
| Ability — future II | mensuwallıqmaI am going to be able to cool off | sensuwallıqsayou are going to be able to cool off | olsuwallıqdıhe is going to be able to cool off | bizsuwallıqbızwe are going to be able to cool off | sizsuwallıqsızyou all are going to be able to cool off | alasuwallıqdılathey are going to be able to cool off |
| Ability — future II | mensuwallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to cool off | sensuwallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to cool off | olsuwallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to cool off | bizsuwallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to cool off | sizsuwallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to cool off | alasuwallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to cool off |
| Ability — future II | mensuwallıqmamı? suwallıqmıma?am I going to be able to cool off? | sensuwallıqmısa?are you going to be able to cool off? | olsuwallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to cool off? | bizsuwallıqbızmı? suwallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to cool off? | sizsuwallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to cool off? | alasuwallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to cool off? |
| Ability — future II | mensuwallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to cool off? | sensuwallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to cool off? | olsuwallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to cool off? | bizsuwallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to cool off? | sizsuwallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to cool off? | alasuwallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to cool off? |
| Ability — would be able to… | mensuwalır edimsuwalır emI would be able to cool off | sensuwalır ediŋsuwalır eŋyou would be able to cool off | olsuwalır edisuwalır edhe would be able to cool off | bizsuwalır ediksuwalır ekwe would be able to cool off | sizsuwalır edigizsuwalır egizyou all would be able to cool off | alasuwalır edilesuwalır ellethey would be able to cool off |
| Ability — would be able to… | mensuwalmaz edimsuwalmaz emI wouldn't be able to cool off | sensuwalmaz ediŋsuwalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to cool off | olsuwalmaz edisuwalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to cool off | bizsuwalmaz ediksuwalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to cool off | sizsuwalmaz edigizsuwalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to cool off | alasuwalmaz edilesuwalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to cool off |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sensuwalğınsuwalğımay you be able to cool off | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sensuwalmağınsuwalmağımay you not be able to cool off | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | mensuwurğa izleymeI want to cool off | sensuwurğa izleyseyou want to cool off | olsuwurğa izleydihe wants to cool off | bizsuwurğa izleybizwe want to cool off | sizsuwurğa izleysizyou all want to cool off | alasuwurğa izleydilethey want to cool off |
| want to | mensuwurğa izlemeymeI do not want to cool off | sensuwurğa izlemeyseyou do not want to cool off | olsuwurğa izlemeydihe does not want to cool off | bizsuwurğa izlemeybizwe do not want to cool off | sizsuwurğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to cool off | alasuwurğa izlemeydilethey do not want to cool off |
| would like to | mensuwurğa süemeI would like to cool off | sensuwurğa süeseyou would like to cool off | olsuwurğa süedihe would like to cool off | bizsuwurğa süebizwe would like to cool off | sizsuwurğa süesizyou all would like to cool off | alasuwurğa süedilethey would like to cool off |
| would like to | mensuwurğa süymeymeI would not like to cool off | sensuwurğa süymeyseyou would not like to cool off | olsuwurğa süymeydihe would not like to cool off | bizsuwurğa süymeybizwe would not like to cool off | sizsuwurğa süymeysizyou all would not like to cool off | alasuwurğa süymeydilethey would not like to cool off |
| hope to | mensuwurğa umutlanamaI hope to cool off | sensuwurğa umutlanasayou hope to cool off | olsuwurğa umutlanadıhe hopes to cool off | bizsuwurğa umutlanabızwe hope to cool off | sizsuwurğa umutlanasızyou all hope to cool off | alasuwurğa umutlanadılathey hope to cool off |
| hope to | mensuwurğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to cool off | sensuwurğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to cool off | olsuwurğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to cool off | bizsuwurğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to cool off | sizsuwurğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to cool off | alasuwurğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to cool off |
| be about to | mensuwurğa deb turamaI am about to cool off | sensuwurğa deb turasayou are about to cool off | olsuwurğa deb turadıhe is about to cool off | bizsuwurğa deb turabızwe are about to cool off | sizsuwurğa deb turasızyou all are about to cool off | alasuwurğa deb turadılathey are about to cool off |
| be about to | mensuwurğa deb turmaymaI am not about to cool off | sensuwurğa deb turmaysayou are not about to cool off | olsuwurğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to cool off | bizsuwurğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to cool off | sizsuwurğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to cool off | alasuwurğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to cool off |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | mensuwurğa kerekmeI need to cool off | sensuwurğa kerekseyou need to cool off | olsuwurğa kerekdihe needs to cool off | bizsuwurğa kerekbizwe need to cool off | sizsuwurğa kereksizyou all need to cool off | alasuwurğa kerekdilethey need to cool off |
| need to | mensuwurğa kerek tülmeI do not need to cool off | sensuwurğa kerek tülseyou do not need to cool off | olsuwurğa kerek tüldühe does not need to cool off | bizsuwurğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to cool off | sizsuwurğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to cool off | alasuwurğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to cool off |
| have to | menmenŋe suwurğa tüşediI have to cool off | sensenŋe suwurğa tüşediyou have to cool off | olaŋa suwurğa tüşedihe has to cool off | bizbizge suwurğa tüşediwe have to cool off | sizsizge suwurğa tüşediyou all have to cool off | alaalağa suwurğa tüşedithey have to cool off |
| have to | menmenŋe suwurğa tüşmeydiI do not have to cool off | sensenŋe suwurğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to cool off | olaŋa suwurğa tüşmeydihe does not have to cool off | bizbizge suwurğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to cool off | sizsizge suwurğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to cool off | alaalağa suwurğa tüşmeydithey do not have to cool off |
| be obliged to | mensuwurğa borçlumaI am obliged to cool off | sensuwurğa borçlusayou are obliged to cool off | olsuwurğa borçluduhe is obliged to cool off | bizsuwurğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to cool off | sizsuwurğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to cool off | alasuwurğa borçludulathey are obliged to cool off |
| be obliged to | mensuwurğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to cool off | sensuwurğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to cool off | olsuwurğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to cool off | bizsuwurğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to cool off | sizsuwurğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to cool off | alasuwurğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to cool off |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | mensuwurğa madarım bardıI have a way to cool off | sensuwurğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to cool off | olsuwurğa madarı bardıhe has a way to cool off | bizsuwurğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to cool off | sizsuwurğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to cool off | alasuwurğa madarları bardıthey have a way to cool off |
| have a way to | mensuwurğa madarım joqduI have no way to cool off | sensuwurğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to cool off | olsuwurğa madarı joqduhe has no way to cool off | bizsuwurğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to cool off | sizsuwurğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to cool off | alasuwurğa madarları joqduthey have no way to cool off |
| be free to | mensuwurğa erkinligim bardıI am free to cool off | sensuwurğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to cool off | olsuwurğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to cool off | bizsuwurğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to cool off | sizsuwurğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to cool off | alasuwurğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to cool off |
| be free to | mensuwurğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to cool off | sensuwurğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to cool off | olsuwurğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to cool off | bizsuwurğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to cool off | sizsuwurğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to cool off | alasuwurğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to cool off |
| be possible to | menmenŋe suwurğa bolluqduit is possible for me to cool off | sensenŋe suwurğa bolluqduit is possible for you to cool off | olaŋa suwurğa bolluqduit is possible for him to cool off | bizbizge suwurğa bolluqduit is possible for us to cool off | sizsizge suwurğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to cool off | alaalağa suwurğa bolluqduit is possible for them to cool off |
| be possible to | menmenŋe suwurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to cool off | sensenŋe suwurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to cool off | olaŋa suwurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to cool off | bizbizge suwurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to cool off | sizsizge suwurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to cool off | alaalağa suwurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to cool off |
| be ready to | mensuwurğa hazırmaI am ready to cool off | sensuwurğa hazırsayou are ready to cool off | olsuwurğa hazırdıhe is ready to cool off | bizsuwurğa hazırbızwe are ready to cool off | sizsuwurğa hazırsızyou all are ready to cool off | alasuwurğa hazırdılathey are ready to cool off |
| be ready to | mensuwurğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to cool off | sensuwurğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to cool off | olsuwurğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to cool off | bizsuwurğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to cool off | sizsuwurğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to cool off | alasuwurğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to cool off |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | mensuwurğa küreşemeI am trying to cool off | sensuwurğa küreşeseyou are trying to cool off | olsuwurğa küreşedihe is trying to cool off | bizsuwurğa küreşebizwe are trying to cool off | sizsuwurğa küreşesizyou all are trying to cool off | alasuwurğa küreşedilethey are trying to cool off |
| try to | mensuwurğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to cool off | sensuwurğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to cool off | olsuwurğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to cool off | bizsuwurğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to cool off | sizsuwurğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to cool off | alasuwurğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to cool off |
| agree to | mensuwurğa unaymaI agree to cool off | sensuwurğa unaysayou agree to cool off | olsuwurğa unaydıhe agrees to cool off | bizsuwurğa unaybızwe agree to cool off | sizsuwurğa unaysızyou all agree to cool off | alasuwurğa unaydılathey agree to cool off |
| agree to | mensuwurğa unamaymaI refuse to cool off | sensuwurğa unamaysayou refuse to cool off | olsuwurğa unamaydıhe refuses to cool off | bizsuwurğa unamaybızwe refuse to cool off | sizsuwurğa unamaysızyou all refuse to cool off | alasuwurğa unamaydılathey refuse to cool off |
| hurry to | mensuwurğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to cool off | sensuwurğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to cool off | olsuwurğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to cool off | bizsuwurğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to cool off | sizsuwurğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to cool off | alasuwurğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to cool off |
| hurry to | mensuwurğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to cool off | sensuwurğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to cool off | olsuwurğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to cool off | bizsuwurğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to cool off | sizsuwurğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to cool off | alasuwurğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to cool off |
| be afraid to | mensuwurğa qorqamaI am afraid to cool off | sensuwurğa qorqasayou are afraid to cool off | olsuwurğa qorqadıhe is afraid to cool off | bizsuwurğa qorqabızwe are afraid to cool off | sizsuwurğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to cool off | alasuwurğa qorqadılathey are afraid to cool off |
| be afraid to | mensuwurğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to cool off | sensuwurğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to cool off | olsuwurğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to cool off | bizsuwurğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to cool off | sizsuwurğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to cool off | alasuwurğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to cool off |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | mensuwa bolmazmaI can't be cooling off | sensuwa bolmazsayou can't be cooling off | olsuwa bolmazhe can't be cooling off | bizsuwa bolmazbızwe can't be cooling off | sizsuwa bolmazsızyou all can't be cooling off | alasuwa bolmazlathey can't be cooling off |
| Inference, present — double negation | mensuwmay bolmazmaI must be cooling off (emphatic) | sensuwmay bolmazsayou must be cooling off (emphatic) | olsuwmay bolmazhe must be cooling off (emphatic) | bizsuwmay bolmazbızwe must be cooling off (emphatic) | sizsuwmay bolmazsızyou all must be cooling off (emphatic) | alasuwmay bolmazlathey must be cooling off (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | mensuwa turmasamif I don't keep cooling off | sensuwa turmasaŋif you don't keep cooling off | olsuwa turmasaif he doesn't keep cooling off | bizsuwa turmasaqif we don't keep cooling off | sizsuwa turmasağızif you all don't keep cooling off | alasuwa turmasalaif they don't keep cooling off |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | mensuwa tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of cooling off | sensuwa tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of cooling off | olsuwa tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of cooling off | bizsuwa tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of cooling off | sizsuwa tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of cooling off | alasuwa tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of cooling off |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | mensuwmay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not cooling off (emphatic) | sensuwmay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not cooling off (emphatic) | olsuwmay tura bolmazhe must keep on not cooling off (emphatic) | bizsuwmay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not cooling off (emphatic) | sizsuwmay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not cooling off (emphatic) | alasuwmay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not cooling off (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | mensuwmay turamaI keep on not cooling off | sensuwmay turasayou keep on not cooling off | olsuwmay turadıhe keeps on not cooling off | bizsuwmay turabızwe keep on not cooling off | sizsuwmay turasızyou all keep on not cooling off | alasuwmay turadılathey keep on not cooling off |
| Progressive — double negation | mensuwmay turmaymaI am not keeping on not cooling off | sensuwmay turmaysayou are not keeping on not cooling off | olsuwmay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not cooling off | bizsuwmay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not cooling off | sizsuwmay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not cooling off | alasuwmay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not cooling off |
| Progressive — double negation | mensuwmay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not cooling off? | sensuwmay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not cooling off? | olsuwmay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not cooling off? | bizsuwmay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not cooling off? | sizsuwmay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not cooling off? | alasuwmay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not cooling off? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | mensuwğan bolmazmaI can't have cooled off | sensuwğan bolmazsayou can't have cooled off | olsuwğan bolmazhe can't have cooled off | bizsuwğan bolmazbızwe can't have cooled off | sizsuwğan bolmazsızyou all can't have cooled off | alasuwğan bolmazlathey can't have cooled off |
| Inference — double negation | mensuwmağan bolmazmaI must have cooled off (emphatic) | sensuwmağan bolmazsayou must have cooled off (emphatic) | olsuwmağan bolmazhe must have cooled off (emphatic) | bizsuwmağan bolmazbızwe must have cooled off (emphatic) | sizsuwmağan bolmazsızyou all must have cooled off (emphatic) | alasuwmağan bolmazlathey must have cooled off (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | mensuwğan bolmasamif it weren't that I had cooled off | sensuwğan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had cooled off | olsuwğan bolmasaif it weren't that he had cooled off | bizsuwğan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had cooled off | sizsuwğan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had cooled off | alasuwğan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had cooled off |
| Counterfactual — double negation | mensuwmağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't cooled off | sensuwmağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't cooled off | olsuwmağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't cooled off | bizsuwmağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't cooled off | sizsuwmağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't cooled off | alasuwmağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't cooled off |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | mensuwuruq bolmazmaI can't be going to cool off | sensuwuruq bolmazsayou can't be going to cool off | olsuwuruq bolmazhe can't be going to cool off | bizsuwuruq bolmazbızwe can't be going to cool off | sizsuwuruq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to cool off | alasuwuruq bolmazlathey can't be going to cool off |
| Inference, future — double negation | mensuwmazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to cool off (emphatic) | sensuwmazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to cool off (emphatic) | olsuwmazlıq bolmazhe must be going to cool off (emphatic) | bizsuwmazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to cool off (emphatic) | sizsuwmazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to cool off (emphatic) | alasuwmazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to cool off (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | mensuwuruq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to cool off | sensuwuruq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to cool off | olsuwuruq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to cool off | bizsuwuruq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to cool off | sizsuwuruq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to cool off | alasuwuruq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to cool off |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | mensuwmazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to cool off | sensuwmazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to cool off | olsuwmazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to cool off | bizsuwmazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to cool off | sizsuwmazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to cool off | alasuwmazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to cool off |