boysundururğa
/bojsundururʁa/
1. subdue, subjugate, bring to obedience, pacify
- jawnu boysundururğa — to subdue the enemy
- biz jawnu boysundurduq — we subdued the enemy
- jaşnı aythanıbızğa boysundurduq — we made the boy obey what we said
- birewnü kesiŋe boysundururğa — to make someone submit to oneself
- adam tabiğatnı da kesine boysunduradı — man subdues nature to himself too
- ol halqnı boysundururğa süedi — he wants to subjugate the people
- boysundurub tururğa — to keep in obedience
2. govern a case
- bu etim qaysı boluşnu boysunduradı? — which case does this verb govern?
- etim boluşnu boysunduradı — the verb governs the case
- bu etim tamamlawçu boluşnu boysunduradı — this verb governs the accusative case
Conjugation
Common forms
- boysunduradıhe is subduing
- boysundurduhe subdued
- boysundurğandıhe has subdued
- boysundururhe will subdue
- boysundurluqduhe is going to subdue
- boysundura edihe was subduing
- boysundursaif he subdues
- boysundur!subdue!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menboysunduramaI am subduing | senboysundurasayou are subduing | olboysunduradıhe is subduing | bizboysundurabızwe are subduing | sizboysundurasızyou all are subduing | alaboysunduradılathey are subduing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menboysundurmaymaI am not subduing | senboysundurmaysayou are not subduing | olboysundurmaydıhe is not subduing | bizboysundurmaybızwe are not subduing | sizboysundurmaysızyou all are not subduing | alaboysundurmaydılathey are not subduing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menboysunduramamı? boysunduramıma?am I subduing? | senboysunduramısa?are you subduing? | olboysunduramıdı?is he subduing? | bizboysundurabızmı? boysunduramıbız?are we subduing? | sizboysunduramısız?are you all subduing? | alaboysunduramıdıla?are they subduing? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menboysundurmaymamı? boysundurmaymıma?aren't I subduing? | senboysundurmaymısa?aren't you subduing? | olboysundurmaymıdı?isn't he subduing? | bizboysundurmaybızmı? boysundurmaymıbız?aren't we subduing? | sizboysundurmaymısız?aren't you all subduing? | alaboysundurmaymıdıla?aren't they subduing? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menboysunduruwçanmaI usually subdue | senboysunduruwçansayou usually subdue | olboysunduruwçandıhe usually subdues | bizboysunduruwçanbızwe usually subdue | sizboysunduruwçansızyou all usually subdue | alaboysunduruwçandılathey usually subdue |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menboysundurmawçanmaI usually don't subdue | senboysundurmawçansayou usually don't subdue | olboysundurmawçandıhe usually doesn't subdue | bizboysundurmawçanbızwe usually don't subdue | sizboysundurmawçansızyou all usually don't subdue | alaboysundurmawçandılathey usually don't subdue |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menboysunduruwçanmamı? boysunduruwçanmıma?do I usually subdue? | senboysunduruwçanmısa?do you usually subdue? | olboysunduruwçanmıdı?does he usually subdue? | bizboysunduruwçanbızmı? boysunduruwçanmıbız?do we usually subdue? | sizboysunduruwçanmısız?do you all usually subdue? | alaboysunduruwçanmıdıla?do they usually subdue? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menboysundurmawçanmamı? boysundurmawçanmıma?do I usually not subdue? | senboysundurmawçanmısa?do you usually not subdue? | olboysundurmawçanmıdı?does he usually not subdue? | bizboysundurmawçanbızmı? boysundurmawçanmıbız?do we usually not subdue? | sizboysundurmawçanmısız?do you all usually not subdue? | alaboysundurmawçanmıdıla?do they usually not subdue? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olboysundurubduhe has subdued and remains so | alaboysundurubdulathey have subdued and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olboysundurubmudu?has he subdued? | alaboysundurubmudula?have they subdued? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menboysundurub turamaI keep subduing | senboysundurub turasayou keep subduing | olboysundurub turadıhe keeps subduing | bizboysundurub turabızwe keep subduing | sizboysundurub turasızyou all keep subduing | alaboysundurub turadılathey keep subduing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menboysundurub turmaymaI don't keep subduing | senboysundurub turmaysayou don't keep subduing | olboysundurub turmaydıhe doesn't keep subduing | bizboysundurub turmaybızwe don't keep subduing | sizboysundurub turmaysızyou all don't keep subduing | alaboysundurub turmaydılathey don't keep subduing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menboysundurub turamamı? boysundurub turamıma?do I keep subduing? | senboysundurub turamısa?do you keep subduing? | olboysundurub turamıdı?does he keep subduing? | bizboysundurub turabızmı? boysundurub turamıbız?do we keep subduing? | sizboysundurub turamısız?do you all keep subduing? | alaboysundurub turamıdıla?do they keep subduing? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menboysundurub turmaymamı? boysundurub turmaymıma?don't I keep subduing? | senboysundurub turmaymısa?don't you keep subduing? | olboysundurub turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep subduing? | bizboysundurub turmaybızmı? boysundurub turmaymıbız?don't we keep subduing? | sizboysundurub turmaymısız?don't you all keep subduing? | alaboysundurub turmaymıdıla?don't they keep subduing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menboysundura turamaI am in the middle of subduing | senboysundura turasayou are in the middle of subduing | olboysundura turadıhe is in the middle of subduing | bizboysundura turabızwe are in the middle of subduing | sizboysundura turasızyou all are in the middle of subduing | alaboysundura turadılathey are in the middle of subduing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menboysundura turmaymaI am not in the middle of subduing | senboysundura turmaysayou are not in the middle of subduing | olboysundura turmaydıhe is not in the middle of subduing | bizboysundura turmaybızwe are not in the middle of subduing | sizboysundura turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of subduing | alaboysundura turmaydılathey are not in the middle of subduing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menboysundura turamamı? boysundura turamıma?am I in the middle of subduing? | senboysundura turamısa?are you in the middle of subduing? | olboysundura turamıdı?is he in the middle of subduing? | bizboysundura turabızmı? boysundura turamıbız?are we in the middle of subduing? | sizboysundura turamısız?are you all in the middle of subduing? | alaboysundura turamıdıla?are they in the middle of subduing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menboysundura turmaymamı? boysundura turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of subduing? | senboysundura turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of subduing? | olboysundura turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of subduing? | bizboysundura turmaybızmı? boysundura turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of subduing? | sizboysundura turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of subduing? | alaboysundura turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of subduing? |
| Simple past (definite) | menboysundurdumI subdued | senboysundurduŋyou subdued | olboysundurduhe subdued | bizboysundurduqwe subdued | sizboysundurduğuzyou all subdued | alaboysundurdulathey subdued |
| Simple past (definite) | menboysundurmadımI didn't subdue | senboysundurmadıŋyou didn't subdue | olboysundurmadıhe didn't subdue | bizboysundurmadıqwe didn't subdue | sizboysundurmadığızyou all didn't subdue | alaboysundurmadılathey didn't subdue |
| Simple past (definite) | menboysundurdummu?did I subdue? | senboysundurduŋmu?did you subdue? | olboysundurdumu?did he subdue? | bizboysundurduqmu?did we subdue? | sizboysundurduğuzmu?did you all subdue? | alaboysundurdulamı?did they subdue? |
| Simple past (definite) | menboysundurmadımmı?didn't I subdue? | senboysundurmadıŋmı?didn't you subdue? | olboysundurmadımı?didn't he subdue? | bizboysundurmadıqmı?didn't we subdue? | sizboysundurmadığızmı?didn't you all subdue? | alaboysundurmadılamı?didn't they subdue? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menboysundurğanmaI have subdued | senboysundurğansayou have subdued | olboysundurğandıhe has subdued | bizboysundurğanbızwe have subdued | sizboysundurğansızyou all have subdued | alaboysundurğandılathey have subdued |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menboysundurmağanmaI haven't subdued | senboysundurmağansayou haven't subdued | olboysundurmağandıhe hasn't subdued | bizboysundurmağanbızwe haven't subdued | sizboysundurmağansızyou all haven't subdued | alaboysundurmağandılathey haven't subdued |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menboysundurğanmamı? boysundurğanmıma?have I subdued? | senboysundurğanmısa?have you subdued? | olboysundurğanmıdı?has he subdued? | bizboysundurğanbızmı? boysundurğanmıbız?have we subdued? | sizboysundurğanmısız?have you all subdued? | alaboysundurğanmıdıla?have they subdued? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menboysundurmağanmamı? boysundurmağanmıma?haven't I subdued? | senboysundurmağanmısa?haven't you subdued? | olboysundurmağanmıdı?hasn't he subdued? | bizboysundurmağanbızmı? boysundurmağanmıbız?haven't we subdued? | sizboysundurmağanmısız?haven't you all subdued? | alaboysundurmağanmıdıla?haven't they subdued? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menboysundurub turdumI kept subduing | senboysundurub turduŋyou kept subduing | olboysundurub turduhe kept subduing | bizboysundurub turduqwe kept subduing | sizboysundurub turduğuzyou all kept subduing | alaboysundurub turdulathey kept subduing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menboysundurub turmadımI didn't keep subduing | senboysundurub turmadıŋyou didn't keep subduing | olboysundurub turmadıhe didn't keep subduing | bizboysundurub turmadıqwe didn't keep subduing | sizboysundurub turmadığızyou all didn't keep subduing | alaboysundurub turmadılathey didn't keep subduing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menboysundururmaI will subdue | senboysundurursayou will subdue | olboysundururhe will subdue | bizboysundururbuzwe will subdue | sizboysundurursuzyou all will subdue | alaboysundururlathey will subdue |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menboysundurmazmaI won't subdue | senboysundurmazsayou won't subdue | olboysundurmazhe won't subdue | bizboysundurmazbızwe won't subdue | sizboysundurmazsızyou all won't subdue | alaboysundurmazlathey won't subdue |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menboysundururmamı? boysundururmuma?will I subdue? | senboysundururmusa?will you subdue? | olboysundururmu?will he subdue? | bizboysundururbuzmu? boysundururmubuz?will we subdue? | sizboysundururmusuz?will you all subdue? | alaboysundururlamı? boysundururmula?will they subdue? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menboysundurmazmamı? boysundurmazmıma?won't I subdue? | senboysundurmazmısa?won't you subdue? | olboysundurmazmı?won't he subdue? | bizboysundurmazbızmı? boysundurmazmıbız?won't we subdue? | sizboysundurmazmısız?won't you all subdue? | alaboysundurmazlamı? boysundurmazmıla?won't they subdue? |
| Definite future (future II) | menboysundurluqma1boysundurruqmaI am going to subdue | senboysundurluqsa1boysundurruqsayou are going to subdue | olboysundurluqdu1boysundurruqduhe is going to subdue | bizboysundurluqbuz1boysundurruqbuzwe are going to subdue | sizboysundurluqsuz1boysundurruqsuzyou all are going to subdue | alaboysundurluqdula1boysundurruqdulathey are going to subdue |
| Definite future (future II) | menboysundurluq tülme1boysundurruq tülmeI am not going to subdue | senboysundurluq tülse1boysundurruq tülseyou are not going to subdue | olboysundurluq tüldü1boysundurruq tüldühe is not going to subdue | bizboysundurluq tülbüz1boysundurruq tülbüzwe are not going to subdue | sizboysundurluq tülsüz1boysundurruq tülsüzyou all are not going to subdue | alaboysundurluq tüldüle1boysundurruq tüldülethey are not going to subdue |
| Definite future (future II) | menboysundurluqmamı?1 boysundurluqmuma?boysundurruqmamı?am I going to subdue? | senboysundurluqmusa?1boysundurruqmusa?are you going to subdue? | olboysundurluqmudu?1boysundurruqmudu?is he going to subdue? | bizboysundurluqbuzmu?1 boysundurluqmubuz?boysundurruqbuzmu?are we going to subdue? | sizboysundurluqmusuz?1boysundurruqmusuz?are you all going to subdue? | alaboysundurluqmudula?1boysundurruqmudula?are they going to subdue? |
| Definite future (future II) | menboysundurluq tülmüme?1boysundurruq tülmüme?aren't I going to subdue? | senboysundurluq tülmüse?1boysundurruq tülmüse?aren't you going to subdue? | olboysundurluq tülmüdü?1boysundurruq tülmüdü?isn't he going to subdue? | bizboysundurluq tülmübüz?1boysundurruq tülmübüz?aren't we going to subdue? | sizboysundurluq tülmüsüz?1boysundurruq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to subdue? | alaboysundurluq tülmüdüle?1boysundurruq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to subdue? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Definite future (future II)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so boysundurruqdu
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menboysundurğan edimboysundurğanemI had subdued | senboysundurğan ediŋboysundurğaneŋyou had subdued | olboysundurğan ediboysundurğanedhe had subdued | bizboysundurğan edikboysundurğanekwe had subdued | sizboysundurğan edigizboysundurğanegizyou all had subdued | alaboysundurğan edileboysundurğanellethey had subdued |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menboysundurmağan edimboysundurmağanemI hadn't subdued | senboysundurmağan ediŋboysundurmağaneŋyou hadn't subdued | olboysundurmağan ediboysundurmağanedhe hadn't subdued | bizboysundurmağan edikboysundurmağanekwe hadn't subdued | sizboysundurmağan edigizboysundurmağanegizyou all hadn't subdued | alaboysundurmağan edileboysundurmağanellethey hadn't subdued |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menboysundura edimboysunduraemI was subduing | senboysundura ediŋboysunduraeŋyou were subduing | olboysundura ediboysunduraedhe was subduing | bizboysundura edikboysunduraekwe were subduing | sizboysundura edigizboysunduraegizyou all were subduing | alaboysundura edileboysunduraellethey were subduing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menboysundurmay edimboysundurmayemI wasn't subduing | senboysundurmay ediŋboysundurmayeŋyou weren't subduing | olboysundurmay ediboysundurmayedhe wasn't subduing | bizboysundurmay edikboysundurmayekwe weren't subduing | sizboysundurmay edigizboysundurmayegizyou all weren't subduing | alaboysundurmay edileboysundurmayellethey weren't subduing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menboysunduruwçan edimboysunduruwçanemI used to subdue | senboysunduruwçan ediŋboysunduruwçaneŋyou used to subdue | olboysunduruwçan ediboysunduruwçanedhe used to subdue | bizboysunduruwçan edikboysunduruwçanekwe used to subdue | sizboysunduruwçan edigizboysunduruwçanegizyou all used to subdue | alaboysunduruwçan edileboysunduruwçanellethey used to subdue |
| Habitual past (used to) | menboysundurmawçan edimboysundurmawçanemI didn't use to subdue | senboysundurmawçan ediŋboysundurmawçaneŋyou didn't use to subdue | olboysundurmawçan ediboysundurmawçanedhe didn't use to subdue | bizboysundurmawçan edikboysundurmawçanekwe didn't use to subdue | sizboysundurmawçan edigizboysundurmawçanegizyou all didn't use to subdue | alaboysundurmawçan edileboysundurmawçanellethey didn't use to subdue |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olboysundurub edihe had subdued and remained so | alaboysundurub edilethey had subdued and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olboysundurub tül edihe hadn't subdued | alaboysundurub tül edilethey hadn't subdued | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menboysundurub tura edimboysundurub turaemI had kept subduing | senboysundurub tura ediŋboysundurub turaeŋyou had kept subduing | olboysundurub tura ediboysundurub turaedhe had kept subduing | bizboysundurub tura edikboysundurub turaekwe had kept subduing | sizboysundurub tura edigizboysundurub turaegizyou all had kept subduing | alaboysundurub tura edileboysundurub turaellethey had kept subduing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menboysundurub turmay edimboysundurub turmayemI hadn't kept subduing | senboysundurub turmay ediŋboysundurub turmayeŋyou hadn't kept subduing | olboysundurub turmay ediboysundurub turmayedhe hadn't kept subduing | bizboysundurub turmay edikboysundurub turmayekwe hadn't kept subduing | sizboysundurub turmay edigizboysundurub turmayegizyou all hadn't kept subduing | alaboysundurub turmay edileboysundurub turmayellethey hadn't kept subduing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menboysundura tura edimboysundura turaemI was in the middle of subduing | senboysundura tura ediŋboysundura turaeŋyou were in the middle of subduing | olboysundura tura ediboysundura turaedhe was in the middle of subduing | bizboysundura tura edikboysundura turaekwe were in the middle of subduing | sizboysundura tura edigizboysundura turaegizyou all were in the middle of subduing | alaboysundura tura edileboysundura turaellethey were in the middle of subduing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menboysundura turmay edimboysundura turmayemI wasn't in the middle of subduing | senboysundura turmay ediŋboysundura turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of subduing | olboysundura turmay ediboysundura turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of subduing | bizboysundura turmay edikboysundura turmayekwe weren't in the middle of subduing | sizboysundura turmay edigizboysundura turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of subduing | alaboysundura turmay edileboysundura turmayellethey weren't in the middle of subduing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menboysundurur edimboysundurur emI would subdue | senboysundurur ediŋboysundurur eŋyou would subdue | olboysundurur ediboysundurur edhe would subdue | bizboysundurur edikboysundurur ekwe would subdue | sizboysundurur edigizboysundurur egizyou all would subdue | alaboysundurur edileboysundurur ellethey would subdue |
| Conditional result (would) | menboysundurmaz edimboysundurmaz emI wouldn't subdue | senboysundurmaz ediŋboysundurmaz eŋyou wouldn't subdue | olboysundurmaz ediboysundurmaz edhe wouldn't subdue | bizboysundurmaz edikboysundurmaz ekwe wouldn't subdue | sizboysundurmaz edigizboysundurmaz egizyou all wouldn't subdue | alaboysundurmaz edileboysundurmaz ellethey wouldn't subdue |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menboysundurluq edim2boysundurluq emboysundurruq edimI would have subdued | senboysundurluq ediŋ2boysundurluq eŋboysundurruq ediŋyou would have subdued | olboysundurluq edi2boysundurluq edboysundurruq edihe would have subdued | bizboysundurluq edik2boysundurluq ekboysundurruq edikwe would have subdued | sizboysundurluq edigiz2boysundurluq egizboysundurruq edigizyou all would have subdued | alaboysundurluq edile2boysundurluq elleboysundurruq edilethey would have subdued |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menboysundurluq tül edim2boysundurluq tül emboysundurruq tül edimI wouldn't have subdued | senboysundurluq tül ediŋ2boysundurluq tül eŋboysundurruq tül ediŋyou wouldn't have subdued | olboysundurluq tül edi2boysundurluq tül edboysundurruq tül edihe wouldn't have subdued | bizboysundurluq tül edik2boysundurluq tül ekboysundurruq tül edikwe wouldn't have subdued | sizboysundurluq tül edigiz2boysundurluq tül egizboysundurruq tül edigizyou all wouldn't have subdued | alaboysundurluq tül edile2boysundurluq tül elleboysundurruq tül edilethey wouldn't have subdued |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
- Past conditional result (would have)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so boysundurruq edi
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menboysundursamif I subdue | senboysundursaŋif you subdue | olboysundursaif he subdues | bizboysundursaqif we subdue | sizboysundursağızif you all subdue | alaboysundursalaif they subdue |
| Conditional | menboysundurmasamif I don't subdue | senboysundurmasaŋif you don't subdue | olboysundurmasaif he doesn't subdue | bizboysundurmasaqif we don't subdue | sizboysundurmasağızif you all don't subdue | alaboysundurmasalaif they don't subdue |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menboysundura esemif I am subduing | senboysundura eseŋif you are subduing | olboysundura eseif he is subduing | bizboysundura esekif we are subduing | sizboysundura esegizif you all are subduing | alaboysundura eseleif they are subduing |
| Conditional, present real | menboysundurmay esemif I am not subduing | senboysundurmay eseŋif you are not subduing | olboysundurmay eseif he is not subduing | bizboysundurmay esekif we are not subduing | sizboysundurmay esegizif you all are not subduing | alaboysundurmay eseleif they are not subduing |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menboysundursam ediboysundursam edif only I subdued | senboysundursaŋ ediboysundursaŋ edif only you subdued | olboysundursa ediboysundursaedif only he subdued | bizboysundursaq ediboysundursaq edif only we subdued | sizboysundursağız ediboysundursağız edif only you all subdued | alaboysundursala ediboysundursalaedif only they subdued |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menboysundurmasam ediboysundurmasam edif only I didn't subdue | senboysundurmasaŋ ediboysundurmasaŋ edif only you didn't subdue | olboysundurmasa ediboysundurmasaedif only he didn't subdue | bizboysundurmasaq ediboysundurmasaq edif only we didn't subdue | sizboysundurmasağız ediboysundurmasağız edif only you all didn't subdue | alaboysundurmasala ediboysundurmasalaedif only they didn't subdue |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menboysundurub tursamif I carry on subduing | senboysundurub tursaŋif you carry on subduing | olboysundurub tursaif he carries on subduing | bizboysundurub tursaqif we carry on subduing | sizboysundurub tursağızif you all carry on subduing | alaboysundurub tursalaif they carry on subduing |
| Durative conditional | menboysundurub turmasamif I don't carry on subduing | senboysundurub turmasaŋif you don't carry on subduing | olboysundurub turmasaif he doesn't carry on subduing | bizboysundurub turmasaqif we don't carry on subduing | sizboysundurub turmasağızif you all don't carry on subduing | alaboysundurub turmasalaif they don't carry on subduing |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menboysundurub tura esemif I have kept subduing | senboysundurub tura eseŋif you have kept subduing | olboysundurub tura eseif he has kept subduing | bizboysundurub tura esekif we have kept subduing | sizboysundurub tura esegizif you all have kept subduing | alaboysundurub tura eseleif they have kept subduing |
| Durative conditional, present real | menboysundurub turmay esemif I haven't kept subduing | senboysundurub turmay eseŋif you haven't kept subduing | olboysundurub turmay eseif he hasn't kept subduing | bizboysundurub turmay esekif we haven't kept subduing | sizboysundurub turmay esegizif you all haven't kept subduing | alaboysundurub turmay eseleif they haven't kept subduing |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menboysundura tursamif I keep subduing | senboysundura tursaŋif you keep subduing | olboysundura tursaif he keeps subduing | bizboysundura tursaqif we keep subduing | sizboysundura tursağızif you all keep subduing | alaboysundura tursalaif they keep subduing |
| Progressive conditional | menboysundurmay tursamif I keep on not subduing | senboysundurmay tursaŋif you keep on not subduing | olboysundurmay tursaif he keeps on not subduing | bizboysundurmay tursaqif we keep on not subduing | sizboysundurmay tursağızif you all keep on not subduing | alaboysundurmay tursalaif they keep on not subduing |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menboysundura tura esemif I am in the middle of subduing | senboysundura tura eseŋif you are in the middle of subduing | olboysundura tura eseif he is in the middle of subduing | bizboysundura tura esekif we are in the middle of subduing | sizboysundura tura esegizif you all are in the middle of subduing | alaboysundura tura eseleif they are in the middle of subduing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menboysundurmay tura esemif I keep on not subduing | senboysundurmay tura eseŋif you keep on not subduing | olboysundurmay tura eseif he keeps on not subduing | bizboysundurmay tura esekif we keep on not subduing | sizboysundurmay tura esegizif you all keep on not subduing | alaboysundurmay tura eseleif they keep on not subduing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past3 | menboysundurdum esemif I subdued | senboysundurduŋ eseŋif you subdued | olboysundurdu eseif he subdued | bizboysundurduq esekif we subdued | sizboysundurduğuz esegizif you all subdued | alaboysundurdula eseleif they subdued |
| Conditional, definite past3 | menboysundurmadım esemif I didn't subdue | senboysundurmadıŋ eseŋif you didn't subdue | olboysundurmadı eseif he didn't subdue | bizboysundurmadıq esekif we didn't subdue | sizboysundurmadığız esegizif you all didn't subdue | alaboysundurmadıla eseleif they didn't subdue |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menboysundurğan esemif I did subdue (indeed) | senboysundurğan eseŋif you did subdue (indeed) | olboysundurğan eseif he did subdue (indeed) | bizboysundurğan esekif we did subdue (indeed) | sizboysundurğan esegizif you all did subdue (indeed) | alaboysundurğan eseleif they did subdue (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menboysundurmağan esemif I didn't subdue (indeed) | senboysundurmağan eseŋif you didn't subdue (indeed) | olboysundurmağan eseif he didn't subdue (indeed) | bizboysundurmağan esekif we didn't subdue (indeed) | sizboysundurmağan esegizif you all didn't subdue (indeed) | alaboysundurmağan eseleif they didn't subdue (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menboysundurğan bolsamif I had subdued | senboysundurğan bolsaŋif you had subdued | olboysundurğan bolsaif he had subdued | bizboysundurğan bolsaqif we had subdued | sizboysundurğan bolsağızif you all had subdued | alaboysundurğan bolsalaif they had subdued |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menboysundurmağan bolsamif I hadn't subdued | senboysundurmağan bolsaŋif you hadn't subdued | olboysundurmağan bolsaif he hadn't subdued | bizboysundurmağan bolsaqif we hadn't subdued | sizboysundurmağan bolsağızif you all hadn't subdued | alaboysundurmağan bolsalaif they hadn't subdued |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menboysundurğan bolsam ediboysundurğan bolsam edif only I had subdued | senboysundurğan bolsaŋ ediboysundurğan bolsaŋ edif only you had subdued | olboysundurğan bolsa ediboysundurğan bolsaedif only he had subdued | bizboysundurğan bolsaq ediboysundurğan bolsaq edif only we had subdued | sizboysundurğan bolsağız ediboysundurğan bolsağız edif only you all had subdued | alaboysundurğan bolsala ediboysundurğan bolsalaedif only they had subdued |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menboysundurmağan bolsam ediboysundurmağan bolsam edif only I hadn't subdued | senboysundurmağan bolsaŋ ediboysundurmağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't subdued | olboysundurmağan bolsa ediboysundurmağan bolsaedif only he hadn't subdued | bizboysundurmağan bolsaq ediboysundurmağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't subdued | sizboysundurmağan bolsağız ediboysundurmağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't subdued | alaboysundurmağan bolsala ediboysundurmağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't subdued |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menboysundurur esemif I will subdue | senboysundurur eseŋif you will subdue | olboysundurur eseif he will subdue | bizboysundurur esekif we will subdue | sizboysundurur esegizif you all will subdue | alaboysundurur eseleif they will subdue |
| Conditional, aorist | menboysundurmaz esemif I won't subdue | senboysundurmaz eseŋif you won't subdue | olboysundurmaz eseif he won't subdue | bizboysundurmaz esekif we won't subdue | sizboysundurmaz esegizif you all won't subdue | alaboysundurmaz eseleif they won't subdue |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menboysundurluq esem4boysundurruq esemif I am going to subdue | senboysundurluq eseŋ4boysundurruq eseŋif you are going to subdue | olboysundurluq ese4boysundurruq eseif he is going to subdue | bizboysundurluq esek4boysundurruq esekif we are going to subdue | sizboysundurluq esegiz4boysundurruq esegizif you all are going to subdue | alaboysundurluq esele4boysundurruq eseleif they are going to subdue |
| Conditional, future | menboysundurluq tül esem4boysundurruq tül esemif I am not going to subdue | senboysundurluq tül eseŋ4boysundurruq tül eseŋif you are not going to subdue | olboysundurluq tül ese4boysundurruq tül eseif he is not going to subdue | bizboysundurluq tül esek4boysundurruq tül esekif we are not going to subdue | sizboysundurluq tül esegiz4boysundurruq tül esegizif you all are not going to subdue | alaboysundurluq tül esele4boysundurruq tül eseleif they are not going to subdue |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menboysundurluq bolsam5boysundurruq bolsamif I were going to subdue | senboysundurluq bolsaŋ5boysundurruq bolsaŋif you were going to subdue | olboysundurluq bolsa5boysundurruq bolsaif he were going to subdue | bizboysundurluq bolsaq5boysundurruq bolsaqif we were going to subdue | sizboysundurluq bolsağız5boysundurruq bolsağızif you all were going to subdue | alaboysundurluq bolsala5boysundurruq bolsalaif they were going to subdue |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menboysundurmazlıq bolsamif I were not going to subdue | senboysundurmazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to subdue | olboysundurmazlıq bolsaif he were not going to subdue | bizboysundurmazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to subdue | sizboysundurmazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to subdue | alaboysundurmazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to subdue |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso boysundurduŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
- Conditional, futurespoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so boysundurruq ese
- Conditional, counterfactual futurespoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so boysundurruq bolsa
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menboysundura bolurmaI must be subduing | senboysundura bolursayou must be subduing | olboysundura bolurhe must be subduing | bizboysundura bolurbuzwe must be subduing | sizboysundura bolursuzyou all must be subduing | alaboysundura bolurlathey must be subduing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menboysundurmay bolurmaI must not be subduing | senboysundurmay bolursayou must not be subduing | olboysundurmay bolurhe must not be subduing | bizboysundurmay bolurbuzwe must not be subduing | sizboysundurmay bolursuzyou all must not be subduing | alaboysundurmay bolurlathey must not be subduing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menboysundura tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of subduing | senboysundura tura bolursayou must be in the middle of subduing | olboysundura tura bolurhe must be in the middle of subduing | bizboysundura tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of subduing | sizboysundura tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of subduing | alaboysundura tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of subduing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menboysundurmay tura bolurmaI must keep on not subduing | senboysundurmay tura bolursayou must keep on not subduing | olboysundurmay tura bolurhe must keep on not subduing | bizboysundurmay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not subduing | sizboysundurmay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not subduing | alaboysundurmay tura bolurlathey must keep on not subduing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menboysundurğan bolurmaI must have subdued | senboysundurğan bolursayou must have subdued | olboysundurğan bolurhe must have subdued | bizboysundurğan bolurbuzwe must have subdued | sizboysundurğan bolursuzyou all must have subdued | alaboysundurğan bolurlathey must have subdued |
| Inference (must have) | menboysundurmağan bolurmaI must not have subdued | senboysundurmağan bolursayou must not have subdued | olboysundurmağan bolurhe must not have subdued | bizboysundurmağan bolurbuzwe must not have subdued | sizboysundurmağan bolursuzyou all must not have subdued | alaboysundurmağan bolurlathey must not have subdued |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menboysundurluq bolurma6boysundurruq bolurmaI must be going to subdue | senboysundurluq bolursa6boysundurruq bolursayou must be going to subdue | olboysundurluq bolur6boysundurruq bolurhe must be going to subdue | bizboysundurluq bolurbuz6boysundurruq bolurbuzwe must be going to subdue | sizboysundurluq bolursuz6boysundurruq bolursuzyou all must be going to subdue | alaboysundurluq bolurla6boysundurruq bolurlathey must be going to subdue |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menboysundurmazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to subdue | senboysundurmazlıq bolursayou must not be going to subdue | olboysundurmazlıq bolurhe must not be going to subdue | bizboysundurmazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to subdue | sizboysundurmazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to subdue | alaboysundurmazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to subdue |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Inference, future (must be going to)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so boysundurruq bolur
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menboysundurayımlet me subdue | senboysundur!subdue! | olboysundursunlet him subdue | bizboysundurayıqlet's subdue | sizboysunduruğuz!subdue, you all! | alaboysundursunlalet them subdue |
| Commands & suggestions | menboysundurmayımlet me not subdue | senboysundurma!don't subdue! | olboysundurmasınlet him not subdue | bizboysundurmayıqlet's not subdue | sizboysundurmağız!don't subdue, you all! | alaboysundurmasınlalet them not subdue |
| Commands & suggestions | menboysundurayımmı?shall I subdue? | olboysundursunmu?should he subdue? | bizboysundurayıqmı?shall we subdue? | alaboysundursunlamı?should they subdue? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menboysundurmayımmı?shall I not subdue? | olboysundurmasınmı?should he not subdue? | bizboysundurmayıqmı?shall we not subdue? | alaboysundurmasınlamı?should they not subdue? | ||
| Requests | senboysundurçu7boysundurçunplease subdue | olboysundursunçudo let him subdue | sizboysundurçuğuzplease subdue (plural/polite) | alaboysundursunlaçıdo let them subdue | ||
| Requests | senboysundurmaçı7boysundurmaçınplease don't subdue | olboysundurmasınçıdo let him not subdue | sizboysundurmaçığızplease don't subdue (plural/polite) | alaboysundurmasınlaçıdo let them not subdue | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senboysundurğunboysundurğumay you subdue | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senboysundurmağınboysundurmağımay you not subdue | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menboysundurğay edim boysundurğa edimwould that I subdued | senboysundurğay ediŋ boysundurğa ediŋwould that you subdued | olboysundurğay edi boysundurğa ediwould that he subdued | bizboysundurğay edik boysundurğa edikwould that we subdued | sizboysundurğay edigiz boysundurğa edigizwould that you all subdued | alaboysundurğay edile boysundurğa edilewould that they subdued |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menboysundurmağay edim boysundurmağa edimwould that I did not subdue | senboysundurmağay ediŋ boysundurmağa ediŋwould that you did not subdue | olboysundurmağay edi boysundurmağa ediwould that he did not subdue | bizboysundurmağay edik boysundurmağa edikwould that we did not subdue | sizboysundurmağay edigiz boysundurmağa edigizwould that you all did not subdue | alaboysundurmağay edile boysundurmağa edilewould that they did not subdue |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menboysundurmağa qoyayımboysundurma qoyayımlet me allow someone to subdue | senboysundurmağa qoy!boysundurma qoy!let someone subdue! | olboysundurmağa qoysunboysundurma qoysunlet him allow someone to subdue | bizboysundurmağa qoyayıqboysundurma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to subdue | sizboysundurmağa qoyuğuz!boysundurma qoyuğuz!let someone subdue, you all! | alaboysundurmağa qoysunlaboysundurma qoysunlalet them allow someone to subdue |
| Let someone… (commands) | menboysundurmağa qoymayımboysundurma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to subdue | senboysundurmağa qoyma!boysundurma qoyma!don't let someone subdue! | olboysundurmağa qoymasınboysundurma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to subdue | bizboysundurmağa qoymayıqboysundurma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to subdue | sizboysundurmağa qoymağız!boysundurma qoymağız!don't let someone subdue, you all! | alaboysundurmağa qoymasınlaboysundurma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to subdue |
| Let someone… (commands) | menboysundurmağa qoyayımmı?boysundurma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to subdue? | olboysundurmağa qoysunmu?boysundurma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to subdue? | bizboysundurmağa qoyayıqmı?boysundurma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to subdue? | alaboysundurmağa qoysunlamı?boysundurma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to subdue? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menboysundurmağa qoymayımmı?boysundurma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to subdue? | olboysundurmağa qoymasınmı?boysundurma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to subdue? | bizboysundurmağa qoymayıqmı?boysundurma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to subdue? | alaboysundurmağa qoymasınlamı?boysundurma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to subdue? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menboysundurmağa qoyamaboysundurma qoyamaI allow someone to subdue | senboysundurmağa qoyasaboysundurma qoyasayou allow someone to subdue | olboysundurmağa qoyadıboysundurma qoyadıhe allows someone to subdue | bizboysundurmağa qoyabızboysundurma qoyabızwe allow someone to subdue | sizboysundurmağa qoyasızboysundurma qoyasızyou all allow someone to subdue | alaboysundurmağa qoyadılaboysundurma qoyadılathey allow someone to subdue |
| Let someone… (present) | menboysundurmağa qoymaymaboysundurma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to subdue | senboysundurmağa qoymaysaboysundurma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to subdue | olboysundurmağa qoymaydıboysundurma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to subdue | bizboysundurmağa qoymaybızboysundurma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to subdue | sizboysundurmağa qoymaysızboysundurma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to subdue | alaboysundurmağa qoymaydılaboysundurma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to subdue |
| Let someone… (present) | menboysundurmağa qoyamamı?boysundurma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to subdue? | senboysundurmağa qoyamısa?boysundurma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to subdue? | olboysundurmağa qoyamıdı?boysundurma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to subdue? | bizboysundurmağa qoyabızmı?boysundurma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to subdue? | sizboysundurmağa qoyamısız?boysundurma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to subdue? | alaboysundurmağa qoyamıdıla?boysundurma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to subdue? |
| Let someone… (present) | menboysundurmağa qoymaymamı?boysundurma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to subdue? | senboysundurmağa qoymaymısa?boysundurma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to subdue? | olboysundurmağa qoymaymıdı?boysundurma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to subdue? | bizboysundurmağa qoymaybızmı?boysundurma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to subdue? | sizboysundurmağa qoymaymısız?boysundurma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to subdue? | alaboysundurmağa qoymaymıdıla?boysundurma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to subdue? |
| Let someone… (past) | menboysundurmağa qoydumboysundurma qoydumI allowed someone to subdue | senboysundurmağa qoyduŋboysundurma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to subdue | olboysundurmağa qoyduboysundurma qoyduhe allowed someone to subdue | bizboysundurmağa qoyduqboysundurma qoyduqwe allowed someone to subdue | sizboysundurmağa qoyduğuzboysundurma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to subdue | alaboysundurmağa qoydulaboysundurma qoydulathey allowed someone to subdue |
| Let someone… (past) | menboysundurmağa qoymadımboysundurma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to subdue | senboysundurmağa qoymadıŋboysundurma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to subdue | olboysundurmağa qoymadıboysundurma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to subdue | bizboysundurmağa qoymadıqboysundurma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to subdue | sizboysundurmağa qoymadığızboysundurma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to subdue | alaboysundurmağa qoymadılaboysundurma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to subdue |
| Let someone… (past) | menboysundurmağa qoydummu?boysundurma qoydummu?did I allow someone to subdue? | senboysundurmağa qoyduŋmu?boysundurma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to subdue? | olboysundurmağa qoydumu?boysundurma qoydumu?did he allow someone to subdue? | bizboysundurmağa qoyduqmu?boysundurma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to subdue? | sizboysundurmağa qoyduğuzmu?boysundurma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to subdue? | alaboysundurmağa qoydulamı?boysundurma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to subdue? |
| Let someone… (past) | menboysundurmağa qoymadımmı?boysundurma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to subdue? | senboysundurmağa qoymadıŋmı?boysundurma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to subdue? | olboysundurmağa qoymadımı?boysundurma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to subdue? | bizboysundurmağa qoymadıqmı?boysundurma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to subdue? | sizboysundurmağa qoymadığızmı?boysundurma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to subdue? | alaboysundurmağa qoymadılamı?boysundurma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to subdue? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menboysunduralamaI can subdue | senboysunduralasayou can subdue | olboysunduraladıhe can subdue | bizboysunduralabızwe can subdue | sizboysunduralasızyou all can subdue | alaboysunduraladılathey can subdue |
| Ability — present | menboysunduralmaymaI can't subdue | senboysunduralmaysayou can't subdue | olboysunduralmaydıhe can't subdue | bizboysunduralmaybızwe can't subdue | sizboysunduralmaysızyou all can't subdue | alaboysunduralmaydılathey can't subdue |
| Ability — present | menboysunduralamamı? boysunduralamıma?can I subdue? | senboysunduralamısa?can you subdue? | olboysunduralamıdı?can he subdue? | bizboysunduralabızmı? boysunduralamıbız?can we subdue? | sizboysunduralamısız?can you all subdue? | alaboysunduralamıdıla?can they subdue? |
| Ability — present | menboysunduralmaymamı? boysunduralmaymıma?can't I subdue? | senboysunduralmaymısa?can't you subdue? | olboysunduralmaymıdı?can't he subdue? | bizboysunduralmaybızmı? boysunduralmaymıbız?can't we subdue? | sizboysunduralmaymısız?can't you all subdue? | alaboysunduralmaymıdıla?can't they subdue? |
| Ability — if I can… | menboysunduralsamif I can subdue | senboysunduralsaŋif you can subdue | olboysunduralsaif he can subdue | bizboysunduralsaqif we can subdue | sizboysunduralsağızif you all can subdue | alaboysunduralsalaif they can subdue |
| Ability — if I can… | menboysunduralmasamif I can't subdue | senboysunduralmasaŋif you can't subdue | olboysunduralmasaif he can't subdue | bizboysunduralmasaqif we can't subdue | sizboysunduralmasağızif you all can't subdue | alaboysunduralmasalaif they can't subdue |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menboysunduraldımI was able to subdue | senboysunduraldıŋyou were able to subdue | olboysunduraldıhe was able to subdue | bizboysunduraldıqwe were able to subdue | sizboysunduraldığızyou all were able to subdue | alaboysunduraldılathey were able to subdue |
| Ability — simple past | menboysunduralmadımI could not subdue | senboysunduralmadıŋyou could not subdue | olboysunduralmadıhe could not subdue | bizboysunduralmadıqwe could not subdue | sizboysunduralmadığızyou all could not subdue | alaboysunduralmadılathey could not subdue |
| Ability — simple past | menboysunduraldımmı?was I able to subdue? | senboysunduraldıŋmı?were you able to subdue? | olboysunduraldımı?was he able to subdue? | bizboysunduraldıqmı?were we able to subdue? | sizboysunduraldığızmı?were you all able to subdue? | alaboysunduraldılamı?were they able to subdue? |
| Ability — simple past | menboysunduralmadımmı?couldn't I subdue? | senboysunduralmadıŋmı?couldn't you subdue? | olboysunduralmadımı?couldn't he subdue? | bizboysunduralmadıqmı?couldn't we subdue? | sizboysunduralmadığızmı?couldn't you all subdue? | alaboysunduralmadılamı?couldn't they subdue? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menboysunduralğanmaI have been able to subdue | senboysunduralğansayou have been able to subdue | olboysunduralğandıhe has been able to subdue | bizboysunduralğanbızwe have been able to subdue | sizboysunduralğansızyou all have been able to subdue | alaboysunduralğandılathey have been able to subdue |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menboysunduralmağanmaI haven't been able to subdue | senboysunduralmağansayou haven't been able to subdue | olboysunduralmağandıhe hasn't been able to subdue | bizboysunduralmağanbızwe haven't been able to subdue | sizboysunduralmağansızyou all haven't been able to subdue | alaboysunduralmağandılathey haven't been able to subdue |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menboysunduralğanmamı? boysunduralğanmıma?have I been able to subdue? | senboysunduralğanmısa?have you been able to subdue? | olboysunduralğanmıdı?has he been able to subdue? | bizboysunduralğanbızmı? boysunduralğanmıbız?have we been able to subdue? | sizboysunduralğanmısız?have you all been able to subdue? | alaboysunduralğanmıdıla?have they been able to subdue? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menboysunduralmağanmamı? boysunduralmağanmıma?haven't I been able to subdue? | senboysunduralmağanmısa?haven't you been able to subdue? | olboysunduralmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to subdue? | bizboysunduralmağanbızmı? boysunduralmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to subdue? | sizboysunduralmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to subdue? | alaboysunduralmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to subdue? |
| Ability — past perfect | menboysunduralğan edimboysunduralğanemI had been able to subdue | senboysunduralğan ediŋboysunduralğaneŋyou had been able to subdue | olboysunduralğan ediboysunduralğanedhe had been able to subdue | bizboysunduralğan edikboysunduralğanekwe had been able to subdue | sizboysunduralğan edigizboysunduralğanegizyou all had been able to subdue | alaboysunduralğan edileboysunduralğanellethey had been able to subdue |
| Ability — past perfect | menboysunduralmağan edimboysunduralmağanemI hadn't been able to subdue | senboysunduralmağan ediŋboysunduralmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to subdue | olboysunduralmağan ediboysunduralmağanedhe hadn't been able to subdue | bizboysunduralmağan edikboysunduralmağanekwe hadn't been able to subdue | sizboysunduralmağan edigizboysunduralmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to subdue | alaboysunduralmağan edileboysunduralmağanellethey hadn't been able to subdue |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menboysundurala edimboysunduralaemI could subdue | senboysundurala ediŋboysunduralaeŋyou could subdue | olboysundurala ediboysunduralaedhe could subdue | bizboysundurala edikboysunduralaekwe could subdue | sizboysundurala edigizboysunduralaegizyou all could subdue | alaboysundurala edileboysunduralaellethey could subdue |
| Ability — past background | menboysunduralmay edimboysunduralmayemI could not subdue | senboysunduralmay ediŋboysunduralmayeŋyou could not subdue | olboysunduralmay ediboysunduralmayedhe could not subdue | bizboysunduralmay edikboysunduralmayekwe could not subdue | sizboysunduralmay edigizboysunduralmayegizyou all could not subdue | alaboysunduralmay edileboysunduralmayellethey could not subdue |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menboysunduralırmaI will be able to subdue | senboysunduralırsayou will be able to subdue | olboysunduralırhe will be able to subdue | bizboysunduralırbızwe will be able to subdue | sizboysunduralırsızyou all will be able to subdue | alaboysunduralırlathey will be able to subdue |
| Ability — future I | menboysunduralmazmaI won't be able to subdue | senboysunduralmazsayou won't be able to subdue | olboysunduralmazhe won't be able to subdue | bizboysunduralmazbızwe won't be able to subdue | sizboysunduralmazsızyou all won't be able to subdue | alaboysunduralmazlathey won't be able to subdue |
| Ability — future I | menboysunduralırmamı? boysunduralırmıma?will I be able to subdue? | senboysunduralırmısa?will you be able to subdue? | olboysunduralırmı?will he be able to subdue? | bizboysunduralırbızmı? boysunduralırmıbız?will we be able to subdue? | sizboysunduralırmısız?will you all be able to subdue? | alaboysunduralırlamı? boysunduralırmıla?will they be able to subdue? |
| Ability — future I | menboysunduralmazmamı? boysunduralmazmıma?won't I be able to subdue? | senboysunduralmazmısa?won't you be able to subdue? | olboysunduralmazmı?won't he be able to subdue? | bizboysunduralmazbızmı? boysunduralmazmıbız?won't we be able to subdue? | sizboysunduralmazmısız?won't you all be able to subdue? | alaboysunduralmazlamı? boysunduralmazmıla?won't they be able to subdue? |
| Ability — future II | menboysundurallıqmaI am going to be able to subdue | senboysundurallıqsayou are going to be able to subdue | olboysundurallıqdıhe is going to be able to subdue | bizboysundurallıqbızwe are going to be able to subdue | sizboysundurallıqsızyou all are going to be able to subdue | alaboysundurallıqdılathey are going to be able to subdue |
| Ability — future II | menboysundurallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to subdue | senboysundurallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to subdue | olboysundurallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to subdue | bizboysundurallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to subdue | sizboysundurallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to subdue | alaboysundurallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to subdue |
| Ability — future II | menboysundurallıqmamı? boysundurallıqmıma?am I going to be able to subdue? | senboysundurallıqmısa?are you going to be able to subdue? | olboysundurallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to subdue? | bizboysundurallıqbızmı? boysundurallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to subdue? | sizboysundurallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to subdue? | alaboysundurallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to subdue? |
| Ability — future II | menboysundurallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to subdue? | senboysundurallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to subdue? | olboysundurallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to subdue? | bizboysundurallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to subdue? | sizboysundurallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to subdue? | alaboysundurallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to subdue? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menboysunduralır edimboysunduralır emI would be able to subdue | senboysunduralır ediŋboysunduralır eŋyou would be able to subdue | olboysunduralır ediboysunduralır edhe would be able to subdue | bizboysunduralır edikboysunduralır ekwe would be able to subdue | sizboysunduralır edigizboysunduralır egizyou all would be able to subdue | alaboysunduralır edileboysunduralır ellethey would be able to subdue |
| Ability — would be able to… | menboysunduralmaz edimboysunduralmaz emI wouldn't be able to subdue | senboysunduralmaz ediŋboysunduralmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to subdue | olboysunduralmaz ediboysunduralmaz edhe wouldn't be able to subdue | bizboysunduralmaz edikboysunduralmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to subdue | sizboysunduralmaz edigizboysunduralmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to subdue | alaboysunduralmaz edileboysunduralmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to subdue |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senboysunduralğınboysunduralğımay you be able to subdue | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senboysunduralmağınboysunduralmağımay you not be able to subdue | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menboysundururğa izleymeI want to subdue | senboysundururğa izleyseyou want to subdue | olboysundururğa izleydihe wants to subdue | bizboysundururğa izleybizwe want to subdue | sizboysundururğa izleysizyou all want to subdue | alaboysundururğa izleydilethey want to subdue |
| want to | menboysundururğa izlemeymeI do not want to subdue | senboysundururğa izlemeyseyou do not want to subdue | olboysundururğa izlemeydihe does not want to subdue | bizboysundururğa izlemeybizwe do not want to subdue | sizboysundururğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to subdue | alaboysundururğa izlemeydilethey do not want to subdue |
| would like to | menboysundururğa süemeI would like to subdue | senboysundururğa süeseyou would like to subdue | olboysundururğa süedihe would like to subdue | bizboysundururğa süebizwe would like to subdue | sizboysundururğa süesizyou all would like to subdue | alaboysundururğa süedilethey would like to subdue |
| would like to | menboysundururğa süymeymeI would not like to subdue | senboysundururğa süymeyseyou would not like to subdue | olboysundururğa süymeydihe would not like to subdue | bizboysundururğa süymeybizwe would not like to subdue | sizboysundururğa süymeysizyou all would not like to subdue | alaboysundururğa süymeydilethey would not like to subdue |
| hope to | menboysundururğa umutlanamaI hope to subdue | senboysundururğa umutlanasayou hope to subdue | olboysundururğa umutlanadıhe hopes to subdue | bizboysundururğa umutlanabızwe hope to subdue | sizboysundururğa umutlanasızyou all hope to subdue | alaboysundururğa umutlanadılathey hope to subdue |
| hope to | menboysundururğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to subdue | senboysundururğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to subdue | olboysundururğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to subdue | bizboysundururğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to subdue | sizboysundururğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to subdue | alaboysundururğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to subdue |
| be about to | menboysundururğa deb turamaI am about to subdue | senboysundururğa deb turasayou are about to subdue | olboysundururğa deb turadıhe is about to subdue | bizboysundururğa deb turabızwe are about to subdue | sizboysundururğa deb turasızyou all are about to subdue | alaboysundururğa deb turadılathey are about to subdue |
| be about to | menboysundururğa deb turmaymaI am not about to subdue | senboysundururğa deb turmaysayou are not about to subdue | olboysundururğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to subdue | bizboysundururğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to subdue | sizboysundururğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to subdue | alaboysundururğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to subdue |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menboysundururğa kerekmeI need to subdue | senboysundururğa kerekseyou need to subdue | olboysundururğa kerekdihe needs to subdue | bizboysundururğa kerekbizwe need to subdue | sizboysundururğa kereksizyou all need to subdue | alaboysundururğa kerekdilethey need to subdue |
| need to | menboysundururğa kerek tülmeI do not need to subdue | senboysundururğa kerek tülseyou do not need to subdue | olboysundururğa kerek tüldühe does not need to subdue | bizboysundururğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to subdue | sizboysundururğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to subdue | alaboysundururğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to subdue |
| have to | menmenŋe boysundururğa tüşediI have to subdue | sensenŋe boysundururğa tüşediyou have to subdue | olaŋa boysundururğa tüşedihe has to subdue | bizbizge boysundururğa tüşediwe have to subdue | sizsizge boysundururğa tüşediyou all have to subdue | alaalağa boysundururğa tüşedithey have to subdue |
| have to | menmenŋe boysundururğa tüşmeydiI do not have to subdue | sensenŋe boysundururğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to subdue | olaŋa boysundururğa tüşmeydihe does not have to subdue | bizbizge boysundururğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to subdue | sizsizge boysundururğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to subdue | alaalağa boysundururğa tüşmeydithey do not have to subdue |
| be obliged to | menboysundururğa borçlumaI am obliged to subdue | senboysundururğa borçlusayou are obliged to subdue | olboysundururğa borçluduhe is obliged to subdue | bizboysundururğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to subdue | sizboysundururğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to subdue | alaboysundururğa borçludulathey are obliged to subdue |
| be obliged to | menboysundururğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to subdue | senboysundururğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to subdue | olboysundururğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to subdue | bizboysundururğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to subdue | sizboysundururğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to subdue | alaboysundururğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to subdue |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menboysundururğa madarım bardıI have a way to subdue | senboysundururğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to subdue | olboysundururğa madarı bardıhe has a way to subdue | bizboysundururğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to subdue | sizboysundururğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to subdue | alaboysundururğa madarları bardıthey have a way to subdue |
| have a way to | menboysundururğa madarım joqduI have no way to subdue | senboysundururğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to subdue | olboysundururğa madarı joqduhe has no way to subdue | bizboysundururğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to subdue | sizboysundururğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to subdue | alaboysundururğa madarları joqduthey have no way to subdue |
| be free to | menboysundururğa erkinligim bardıI am free to subdue | senboysundururğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to subdue | olboysundururğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to subdue | bizboysundururğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to subdue | sizboysundururğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to subdue | alaboysundururğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to subdue |
| be free to | menboysundururğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to subdue | senboysundururğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to subdue | olboysundururğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to subdue | bizboysundururğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to subdue | sizboysundururğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to subdue | alaboysundururğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to subdue |
| be possible to | menmenŋe boysundururğa bolluqduit is possible for me to subdue | sensenŋe boysundururğa bolluqduit is possible for you to subdue | olaŋa boysundururğa bolluqduit is possible for him to subdue | bizbizge boysundururğa bolluqduit is possible for us to subdue | sizsizge boysundururğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to subdue | alaalağa boysundururğa bolluqduit is possible for them to subdue |
| be possible to | menmenŋe boysundururğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to subdue | sensenŋe boysundururğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to subdue | olaŋa boysundururğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to subdue | bizbizge boysundururğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to subdue | sizsizge boysundururğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to subdue | alaalağa boysundururğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to subdue |
| be ready to | menboysundururğa hazırmaI am ready to subdue | senboysundururğa hazırsayou are ready to subdue | olboysundururğa hazırdıhe is ready to subdue | bizboysundururğa hazırbızwe are ready to subdue | sizboysundururğa hazırsızyou all are ready to subdue | alaboysundururğa hazırdılathey are ready to subdue |
| be ready to | menboysundururğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to subdue | senboysundururğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to subdue | olboysundururğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to subdue | bizboysundururğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to subdue | sizboysundururğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to subdue | alaboysundururğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to subdue |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menboysundururğa küreşemeI am trying to subdue | senboysundururğa küreşeseyou are trying to subdue | olboysundururğa küreşedihe is trying to subdue | bizboysundururğa küreşebizwe are trying to subdue | sizboysundururğa küreşesizyou all are trying to subdue | alaboysundururğa küreşedilethey are trying to subdue |
| try to | menboysundururğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to subdue | senboysundururğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to subdue | olboysundururğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to subdue | bizboysundururğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to subdue | sizboysundururğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to subdue | alaboysundururğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to subdue |
| agree to | menboysundururğa unaymaI agree to subdue | senboysundururğa unaysayou agree to subdue | olboysundururğa unaydıhe agrees to subdue | bizboysundururğa unaybızwe agree to subdue | sizboysundururğa unaysızyou all agree to subdue | alaboysundururğa unaydılathey agree to subdue |
| agree to | menboysundururğa unamaymaI refuse to subdue | senboysundururğa unamaysayou refuse to subdue | olboysundururğa unamaydıhe refuses to subdue | bizboysundururğa unamaybızwe refuse to subdue | sizboysundururğa unamaysızyou all refuse to subdue | alaboysundururğa unamaydılathey refuse to subdue |
| hurry to | menboysundururğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to subdue | senboysundururğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to subdue | olboysundururğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to subdue | bizboysundururğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to subdue | sizboysundururğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to subdue | alaboysundururğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to subdue |
| hurry to | menboysundururğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to subdue | senboysundururğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to subdue | olboysundururğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to subdue | bizboysundururğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to subdue | sizboysundururğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to subdue | alaboysundururğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to subdue |
| be afraid to | menboysundururğa qorqamaI am afraid to subdue | senboysundururğa qorqasayou are afraid to subdue | olboysundururğa qorqadıhe is afraid to subdue | bizboysundururğa qorqabızwe are afraid to subdue | sizboysundururğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to subdue | alaboysundururğa qorqadılathey are afraid to subdue |
| be afraid to | menboysundururğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to subdue | senboysundururğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to subdue | olboysundururğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to subdue | bizboysundururğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to subdue | sizboysundururğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to subdue | alaboysundururğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to subdue |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menboysundura bolmazmaI can't be subduing | senboysundura bolmazsayou can't be subduing | olboysundura bolmazhe can't be subduing | bizboysundura bolmazbızwe can't be subduing | sizboysundura bolmazsızyou all can't be subduing | alaboysundura bolmazlathey can't be subduing |
| Inference, present — double negation | menboysundurmay bolmazmaI must be subduing (emphatic) | senboysundurmay bolmazsayou must be subduing (emphatic) | olboysundurmay bolmazhe must be subduing (emphatic) | bizboysundurmay bolmazbızwe must be subduing (emphatic) | sizboysundurmay bolmazsızyou all must be subduing (emphatic) | alaboysundurmay bolmazlathey must be subduing (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menboysundura turmasamif I don't keep subduing | senboysundura turmasaŋif you don't keep subduing | olboysundura turmasaif he doesn't keep subduing | bizboysundura turmasaqif we don't keep subduing | sizboysundura turmasağızif you all don't keep subduing | alaboysundura turmasalaif they don't keep subduing |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menboysundura tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of subduing | senboysundura tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of subduing | olboysundura tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of subduing | bizboysundura tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of subduing | sizboysundura tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of subduing | alaboysundura tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of subduing |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menboysundurmay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not subduing (emphatic) | senboysundurmay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not subduing (emphatic) | olboysundurmay tura bolmazhe must keep on not subduing (emphatic) | bizboysundurmay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not subduing (emphatic) | sizboysundurmay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not subduing (emphatic) | alaboysundurmay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not subduing (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menboysundurmay turamaI keep on not subduing | senboysundurmay turasayou keep on not subduing | olboysundurmay turadıhe keeps on not subduing | bizboysundurmay turabızwe keep on not subduing | sizboysundurmay turasızyou all keep on not subduing | alaboysundurmay turadılathey keep on not subduing |
| Progressive — double negation | menboysundurmay turmaymaI am not keeping on not subduing | senboysundurmay turmaysayou are not keeping on not subduing | olboysundurmay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not subduing | bizboysundurmay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not subduing | sizboysundurmay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not subduing | alaboysundurmay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not subduing |
| Progressive — double negation | menboysundurmay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not subduing? | senboysundurmay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not subduing? | olboysundurmay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not subduing? | bizboysundurmay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not subduing? | sizboysundurmay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not subduing? | alaboysundurmay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not subduing? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menboysundurğan bolmazmaI can't have subdued | senboysundurğan bolmazsayou can't have subdued | olboysundurğan bolmazhe can't have subdued | bizboysundurğan bolmazbızwe can't have subdued | sizboysundurğan bolmazsızyou all can't have subdued | alaboysundurğan bolmazlathey can't have subdued |
| Inference — double negation | menboysundurmağan bolmazmaI must have subdued (emphatic) | senboysundurmağan bolmazsayou must have subdued (emphatic) | olboysundurmağan bolmazhe must have subdued (emphatic) | bizboysundurmağan bolmazbızwe must have subdued (emphatic) | sizboysundurmağan bolmazsızyou all must have subdued (emphatic) | alaboysundurmağan bolmazlathey must have subdued (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menboysundurğan bolmasamif it weren't that I had subdued | senboysundurğan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had subdued | olboysundurğan bolmasaif it weren't that he had subdued | bizboysundurğan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had subdued | sizboysundurğan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had subdued | alaboysundurğan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had subdued |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menboysundurmağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't subdued | senboysundurmağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't subdued | olboysundurmağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't subdued | bizboysundurmağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't subdued | sizboysundurmağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't subdued | alaboysundurmağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't subdued |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menboysundurluq bolmazmaI can't be going to subdue | senboysundurluq bolmazsayou can't be going to subdue | olboysundurluq bolmazhe can't be going to subdue | bizboysundurluq bolmazbızwe can't be going to subdue | sizboysundurluq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to subdue | alaboysundurluq bolmazlathey can't be going to subdue |
| Inference, future — double negation | menboysundurmazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to subdue (emphatic) | senboysundurmazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to subdue (emphatic) | olboysundurmazlıq bolmazhe must be going to subdue (emphatic) | bizboysundurmazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to subdue (emphatic) | sizboysundurmazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to subdue (emphatic) | alaboysundurmazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to subdue (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menboysundurluq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to subdue | senboysundurluq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to subdue | olboysundurluq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to subdue | bizboysundurluq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to subdue | sizboysundurluq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to subdue | alaboysundurluq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to subdue |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menboysundurmazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to subdue | senboysundurmazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to subdue | olboysundurmazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to subdue | bizboysundurmazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to subdue | sizboysundurmazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to subdue | alaboysundurmazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to subdue |