boysunurğa
/bojsunurʁa/
obey, submit, comply, conform; be in a dependent position — The person, authority or rule obeyed takes the dative.
- joruqğa boysunurğa — to comply with the rules
- qayın anağa boysunurğa — to obey one's mother-in-law
- jawğa boysunmazğa — not to submit to the enemy
- birewge boysunub tururğa — to be dependent on someone
- boysunub tururğa — to be in subjection
- asker joruqğa boysunurğa — to comply with military regulations
- biz anı onowuna boysunabız — we submit to his decision
- qız jaşnı tilewüne boysundu — the girl yielded to the young man's request
- men anama boysunama — I obey my mother
- ol joruqğa boysunmaydı — he does not comply with the rule
- biz jaŋı joruqğa boysunabız — we comply with the new rule
Conjugation
Common forms
- boysunadıhe is obeying
- boysunduhe obeyed
- boysunŋandıhe has obeyed
- boysunurhe will obey
- boysunnuqduhe is going to obey
- boysuna edihe was obeying
- boysunsaif he obeys
- boysun!obey!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menboysunamaI am obeying | senboysunasayou are obeying | olboysunadıhe is obeying | bizboysunabızwe are obeying | sizboysunasızyou all are obeying | alaboysunadılathey are obeying |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menboysunmaymaI am not obeying | senboysunmaysayou are not obeying | olboysunmaydıhe is not obeying | bizboysunmaybızwe are not obeying | sizboysunmaysızyou all are not obeying | alaboysunmaydılathey are not obeying |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menboysunamamı? boysunamıma?am I obeying? | senboysunamısa?are you obeying? | olboysunamıdı?is he obeying? | bizboysunabızmı? boysunamıbız?are we obeying? | sizboysunamısız?are you all obeying? | alaboysunamıdıla?are they obeying? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menboysunmaymamı? boysunmaymıma?aren't I obeying? | senboysunmaymısa?aren't you obeying? | olboysunmaymıdı?isn't he obeying? | bizboysunmaybızmı? boysunmaymıbız?aren't we obeying? | sizboysunmaymısız?aren't you all obeying? | alaboysunmaymıdıla?aren't they obeying? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menboysunuwçanmaI usually obey | senboysunuwçansayou usually obey | olboysunuwçandıhe usually obeys | bizboysunuwçanbızwe usually obey | sizboysunuwçansızyou all usually obey | alaboysunuwçandılathey usually obey |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menboysunmawçanmaI usually don't obey | senboysunmawçansayou usually don't obey | olboysunmawçandıhe usually doesn't obey | bizboysunmawçanbızwe usually don't obey | sizboysunmawçansızyou all usually don't obey | alaboysunmawçandılathey usually don't obey |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menboysunuwçanmamı? boysunuwçanmıma?do I usually obey? | senboysunuwçanmısa?do you usually obey? | olboysunuwçanmıdı?does he usually obey? | bizboysunuwçanbızmı? boysunuwçanmıbız?do we usually obey? | sizboysunuwçanmısız?do you all usually obey? | alaboysunuwçanmıdıla?do they usually obey? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menboysunmawçanmamı? boysunmawçanmıma?do I usually not obey? | senboysunmawçanmısa?do you usually not obey? | olboysunmawçanmıdı?does he usually not obey? | bizboysunmawçanbızmı? boysunmawçanmıbız?do we usually not obey? | sizboysunmawçanmısız?do you all usually not obey? | alaboysunmawçanmıdıla?do they usually not obey? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olboysunubduhe has obeyed and remains so | alaboysunubdulathey have obeyed and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olboysunubmudu?has he obeyed? | alaboysunubmudula?have they obeyed? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menboysunub turamaI keep obeying | senboysunub turasayou keep obeying | olboysunub turadıhe keeps obeying | bizboysunub turabızwe keep obeying | sizboysunub turasızyou all keep obeying | alaboysunub turadılathey keep obeying |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menboysunub turmaymaI don't keep obeying | senboysunub turmaysayou don't keep obeying | olboysunub turmaydıhe doesn't keep obeying | bizboysunub turmaybızwe don't keep obeying | sizboysunub turmaysızyou all don't keep obeying | alaboysunub turmaydılathey don't keep obeying |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menboysunub turamamı? boysunub turamıma?do I keep obeying? | senboysunub turamısa?do you keep obeying? | olboysunub turamıdı?does he keep obeying? | bizboysunub turabızmı? boysunub turamıbız?do we keep obeying? | sizboysunub turamısız?do you all keep obeying? | alaboysunub turamıdıla?do they keep obeying? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menboysunub turmaymamı? boysunub turmaymıma?don't I keep obeying? | senboysunub turmaymısa?don't you keep obeying? | olboysunub turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep obeying? | bizboysunub turmaybızmı? boysunub turmaymıbız?don't we keep obeying? | sizboysunub turmaymısız?don't you all keep obeying? | alaboysunub turmaymıdıla?don't they keep obeying? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menboysuna turamaI am in the middle of obeying | senboysuna turasayou are in the middle of obeying | olboysuna turadıhe is in the middle of obeying | bizboysuna turabızwe are in the middle of obeying | sizboysuna turasızyou all are in the middle of obeying | alaboysuna turadılathey are in the middle of obeying |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menboysuna turmaymaI am not in the middle of obeying | senboysuna turmaysayou are not in the middle of obeying | olboysuna turmaydıhe is not in the middle of obeying | bizboysuna turmaybızwe are not in the middle of obeying | sizboysuna turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of obeying | alaboysuna turmaydılathey are not in the middle of obeying |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menboysuna turamamı? boysuna turamıma?am I in the middle of obeying? | senboysuna turamısa?are you in the middle of obeying? | olboysuna turamıdı?is he in the middle of obeying? | bizboysuna turabızmı? boysuna turamıbız?are we in the middle of obeying? | sizboysuna turamısız?are you all in the middle of obeying? | alaboysuna turamıdıla?are they in the middle of obeying? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menboysuna turmaymamı? boysuna turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of obeying? | senboysuna turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of obeying? | olboysuna turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of obeying? | bizboysuna turmaybızmı? boysuna turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of obeying? | sizboysuna turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of obeying? | alaboysuna turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of obeying? |
| Simple past (definite) | menboysundumI obeyed | senboysunduŋyou obeyed | olboysunduhe obeyed | bizboysunduqwe obeyed | sizboysunduğuzyou all obeyed | alaboysundulathey obeyed |
| Simple past (definite) | menboysunmadımI didn't obey | senboysunmadıŋyou didn't obey | olboysunmadıhe didn't obey | bizboysunmadıqwe didn't obey | sizboysunmadığızyou all didn't obey | alaboysunmadılathey didn't obey |
| Simple past (definite) | menboysundummu?did I obey? | senboysunduŋmu?did you obey? | olboysundumu?did he obey? | bizboysunduqmu?did we obey? | sizboysunduğuzmu?did you all obey? | alaboysundulamı?did they obey? |
| Simple past (definite) | menboysunmadımmı?didn't I obey? | senboysunmadıŋmı?didn't you obey? | olboysunmadımı?didn't he obey? | bizboysunmadıqmı?didn't we obey? | sizboysunmadığızmı?didn't you all obey? | alaboysunmadılamı?didn't they obey? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menboysunŋanmaI have obeyed | senboysunŋansayou have obeyed | olboysunŋandıhe has obeyed | bizboysunŋanbızwe have obeyed | sizboysunŋansızyou all have obeyed | alaboysunŋandılathey have obeyed |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menboysunmağanmaI haven't obeyed | senboysunmağansayou haven't obeyed | olboysunmağandıhe hasn't obeyed | bizboysunmağanbızwe haven't obeyed | sizboysunmağansızyou all haven't obeyed | alaboysunmağandılathey haven't obeyed |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menboysunŋanmamı? boysunŋanmıma?have I obeyed? | senboysunŋanmısa?have you obeyed? | olboysunŋanmıdı?has he obeyed? | bizboysunŋanbızmı? boysunŋanmıbız?have we obeyed? | sizboysunŋanmısız?have you all obeyed? | alaboysunŋanmıdıla?have they obeyed? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menboysunmağanmamı? boysunmağanmıma?haven't I obeyed? | senboysunmağanmısa?haven't you obeyed? | olboysunmağanmıdı?hasn't he obeyed? | bizboysunmağanbızmı? boysunmağanmıbız?haven't we obeyed? | sizboysunmağanmısız?haven't you all obeyed? | alaboysunmağanmıdıla?haven't they obeyed? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menboysunub turdumI kept obeying | senboysunub turduŋyou kept obeying | olboysunub turduhe kept obeying | bizboysunub turduqwe kept obeying | sizboysunub turduğuzyou all kept obeying | alaboysunub turdulathey kept obeying |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menboysunub turmadımI didn't keep obeying | senboysunub turmadıŋyou didn't keep obeying | olboysunub turmadıhe didn't keep obeying | bizboysunub turmadıqwe didn't keep obeying | sizboysunub turmadığızyou all didn't keep obeying | alaboysunub turmadılathey didn't keep obeying |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menboysunurmaI will obey | senboysunursayou will obey | olboysunurhe will obey | bizboysunurbuzwe will obey | sizboysunursuzyou all will obey | alaboysunurlathey will obey |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menboysunmazmaI won't obey | senboysunmazsayou won't obey | olboysunmazhe won't obey | bizboysunmazbızwe won't obey | sizboysunmazsızyou all won't obey | alaboysunmazlathey won't obey |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menboysunurmamı? boysunurmuma?will I obey? | senboysunurmusa?will you obey? | olboysunurmu?will he obey? | bizboysunurbuzmu? boysunurmubuz?will we obey? | sizboysunurmusuz?will you all obey? | alaboysunurlamı? boysunurmula?will they obey? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menboysunmazmamı? boysunmazmıma?won't I obey? | senboysunmazmısa?won't you obey? | olboysunmazmı?won't he obey? | bizboysunmazbızmı? boysunmazmıbız?won't we obey? | sizboysunmazmısız?won't you all obey? | alaboysunmazlamı? boysunmazmıla?won't they obey? |
| Definite future (future II) | menboysunnuqma1boysunuruqmaI am going to obey | senboysunnuqsa1boysunuruqsayou are going to obey | olboysunnuqdu1boysunuruqduhe is going to obey | bizboysunnuqbuz1boysunuruqbuzwe are going to obey | sizboysunnuqsuz1boysunuruqsuzyou all are going to obey | alaboysunnuqdula1boysunuruqdulathey are going to obey |
| Definite future (future II) | menboysunnuq tülme1boysunuruq tülmeI am not going to obey | senboysunnuq tülse1boysunuruq tülseyou are not going to obey | olboysunnuq tüldü1boysunuruq tüldühe is not going to obey | bizboysunnuq tülbüz1boysunuruq tülbüzwe are not going to obey | sizboysunnuq tülsüz1boysunuruq tülsüzyou all are not going to obey | alaboysunnuq tüldüle1boysunuruq tüldülethey are not going to obey |
| Definite future (future II) | menboysunnuqmamı?1 boysunnuqmuma?boysunuruqmamı?am I going to obey? | senboysunnuqmusa?1boysunuruqmusa?are you going to obey? | olboysunnuqmudu?1boysunuruqmudu?is he going to obey? | bizboysunnuqbuzmu?1 boysunnuqmubuz?boysunuruqbuzmu?are we going to obey? | sizboysunnuqmusuz?1boysunuruqmusuz?are you all going to obey? | alaboysunnuqmudula?1boysunuruqmudula?are they going to obey? |
| Definite future (future II) | menboysunnuq tülmüme?1boysunuruq tülmüme?aren't I going to obey? | senboysunnuq tülmüse?1boysunuruq tülmüse?aren't you going to obey? | olboysunnuq tülmüdü?1boysunuruq tülmüdü?isn't he going to obey? | bizboysunnuq tülmübüz?1boysunuruq tülmübüz?aren't we going to obey? | sizboysunnuq tülmüsüz?1boysunuruq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to obey? | alaboysunnuq tülmüdüle?1boysunuruq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to obey? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Definite future (future II)full form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so boysunuruqdu
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menboysunŋan edimboysunŋanemI had obeyed | senboysunŋan ediŋboysunŋaneŋyou had obeyed | olboysunŋan ediboysunŋanedhe had obeyed | bizboysunŋan edikboysunŋanekwe had obeyed | sizboysunŋan edigizboysunŋanegizyou all had obeyed | alaboysunŋan edileboysunŋanellethey had obeyed |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menboysunmağan edimboysunmağanemI hadn't obeyed | senboysunmağan ediŋboysunmağaneŋyou hadn't obeyed | olboysunmağan ediboysunmağanedhe hadn't obeyed | bizboysunmağan edikboysunmağanekwe hadn't obeyed | sizboysunmağan edigizboysunmağanegizyou all hadn't obeyed | alaboysunmağan edileboysunmağanellethey hadn't obeyed |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menboysuna edimboysunaemI was obeying | senboysuna ediŋboysunaeŋyou were obeying | olboysuna ediboysunaedhe was obeying | bizboysuna edikboysunaekwe were obeying | sizboysuna edigizboysunaegizyou all were obeying | alaboysuna edileboysunaellethey were obeying |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menboysunmay edimboysunmayemI wasn't obeying | senboysunmay ediŋboysunmayeŋyou weren't obeying | olboysunmay ediboysunmayedhe wasn't obeying | bizboysunmay edikboysunmayekwe weren't obeying | sizboysunmay edigizboysunmayegizyou all weren't obeying | alaboysunmay edileboysunmayellethey weren't obeying |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menboysunuwçan edimboysunuwçanemI used to obey | senboysunuwçan ediŋboysunuwçaneŋyou used to obey | olboysunuwçan ediboysunuwçanedhe used to obey | bizboysunuwçan edikboysunuwçanekwe used to obey | sizboysunuwçan edigizboysunuwçanegizyou all used to obey | alaboysunuwçan edileboysunuwçanellethey used to obey |
| Habitual past (used to) | menboysunmawçan edimboysunmawçanemI didn't use to obey | senboysunmawçan ediŋboysunmawçaneŋyou didn't use to obey | olboysunmawçan ediboysunmawçanedhe didn't use to obey | bizboysunmawçan edikboysunmawçanekwe didn't use to obey | sizboysunmawçan edigizboysunmawçanegizyou all didn't use to obey | alaboysunmawçan edileboysunmawçanellethey didn't use to obey |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olboysunub edihe had obeyed and remained so | alaboysunub edilethey had obeyed and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olboysunub tül edihe hadn't obeyed | alaboysunub tül edilethey hadn't obeyed | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menboysunub tura edimboysunub turaemI had kept obeying | senboysunub tura ediŋboysunub turaeŋyou had kept obeying | olboysunub tura ediboysunub turaedhe had kept obeying | bizboysunub tura edikboysunub turaekwe had kept obeying | sizboysunub tura edigizboysunub turaegizyou all had kept obeying | alaboysunub tura edileboysunub turaellethey had kept obeying |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menboysunub turmay edimboysunub turmayemI hadn't kept obeying | senboysunub turmay ediŋboysunub turmayeŋyou hadn't kept obeying | olboysunub turmay ediboysunub turmayedhe hadn't kept obeying | bizboysunub turmay edikboysunub turmayekwe hadn't kept obeying | sizboysunub turmay edigizboysunub turmayegizyou all hadn't kept obeying | alaboysunub turmay edileboysunub turmayellethey hadn't kept obeying |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menboysuna tura edimboysuna turaemI was in the middle of obeying | senboysuna tura ediŋboysuna turaeŋyou were in the middle of obeying | olboysuna tura ediboysuna turaedhe was in the middle of obeying | bizboysuna tura edikboysuna turaekwe were in the middle of obeying | sizboysuna tura edigizboysuna turaegizyou all were in the middle of obeying | alaboysuna tura edileboysuna turaellethey were in the middle of obeying |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menboysuna turmay edimboysuna turmayemI wasn't in the middle of obeying | senboysuna turmay ediŋboysuna turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of obeying | olboysuna turmay ediboysuna turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of obeying | bizboysuna turmay edikboysuna turmayekwe weren't in the middle of obeying | sizboysuna turmay edigizboysuna turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of obeying | alaboysuna turmay edileboysuna turmayellethey weren't in the middle of obeying |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menboysunur edimboysunur emI would obey | senboysunur ediŋboysunur eŋyou would obey | olboysunur ediboysunur edhe would obey | bizboysunur edikboysunur ekwe would obey | sizboysunur edigizboysunur egizyou all would obey | alaboysunur edileboysunur ellethey would obey |
| Conditional result (would) | menboysunmaz edimboysunmaz emI wouldn't obey | senboysunmaz ediŋboysunmaz eŋyou wouldn't obey | olboysunmaz ediboysunmaz edhe wouldn't obey | bizboysunmaz edikboysunmaz ekwe wouldn't obey | sizboysunmaz edigizboysunmaz egizyou all wouldn't obey | alaboysunmaz edileboysunmaz ellethey wouldn't obey |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menboysunnuq edim2boysunnuq emboysunuruq edimI would have obeyed | senboysunnuq ediŋ2boysunnuq eŋboysunuruq ediŋyou would have obeyed | olboysunnuq edi2boysunnuq edboysunuruq edihe would have obeyed | bizboysunnuq edik2boysunnuq ekboysunuruq edikwe would have obeyed | sizboysunnuq edigiz2boysunnuq egizboysunuruq edigizyou all would have obeyed | alaboysunnuq edile2boysunnuq elleboysunuruq edilethey would have obeyed |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menboysunnuq tül edim2boysunnuq tül emboysunuruq tül edimI wouldn't have obeyed | senboysunnuq tül ediŋ2boysunnuq tül eŋboysunuruq tül ediŋyou wouldn't have obeyed | olboysunnuq tül edi2boysunnuq tül edboysunuruq tül edihe wouldn't have obeyed | bizboysunnuq tül edik2boysunnuq tül ekboysunuruq tül edikwe wouldn't have obeyed | sizboysunnuq tül edigiz2boysunnuq tül egizboysunuruq tül edigizyou all wouldn't have obeyed | alaboysunnuq tül edile2boysunnuq tül elleboysunuruq tül edilethey wouldn't have obeyed |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
- Past conditional result (would have)full form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so boysunuruq edi
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menboysunsamif I obey | senboysunsaŋif you obey | olboysunsaif he obeys | bizboysunsaqif we obey | sizboysunsağızif you all obey | alaboysunsalaif they obey |
| Conditional | menboysunmasamif I don't obey | senboysunmasaŋif you don't obey | olboysunmasaif he doesn't obey | bizboysunmasaqif we don't obey | sizboysunmasağızif you all don't obey | alaboysunmasalaif they don't obey |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menboysuna esemif I am obeying | senboysuna eseŋif you are obeying | olboysuna eseif he is obeying | bizboysuna esekif we are obeying | sizboysuna esegizif you all are obeying | alaboysuna eseleif they are obeying |
| Conditional, present real | menboysunmay esemif I am not obeying | senboysunmay eseŋif you are not obeying | olboysunmay eseif he is not obeying | bizboysunmay esekif we are not obeying | sizboysunmay esegizif you all are not obeying | alaboysunmay eseleif they are not obeying |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menboysunsam ediboysunsam edif only I obeyed | senboysunsaŋ ediboysunsaŋ edif only you obeyed | olboysunsa ediboysunsaedif only he obeyed | bizboysunsaq ediboysunsaq edif only we obeyed | sizboysunsağız ediboysunsağız edif only you all obeyed | alaboysunsala ediboysunsalaedif only they obeyed |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menboysunmasam ediboysunmasam edif only I didn't obey | senboysunmasaŋ ediboysunmasaŋ edif only you didn't obey | olboysunmasa ediboysunmasaedif only he didn't obey | bizboysunmasaq ediboysunmasaq edif only we didn't obey | sizboysunmasağız ediboysunmasağız edif only you all didn't obey | alaboysunmasala ediboysunmasalaedif only they didn't obey |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menboysunub tursamif I carry on obeying | senboysunub tursaŋif you carry on obeying | olboysunub tursaif he carries on obeying | bizboysunub tursaqif we carry on obeying | sizboysunub tursağızif you all carry on obeying | alaboysunub tursalaif they carry on obeying |
| Durative conditional | menboysunub turmasamif I don't carry on obeying | senboysunub turmasaŋif you don't carry on obeying | olboysunub turmasaif he doesn't carry on obeying | bizboysunub turmasaqif we don't carry on obeying | sizboysunub turmasağızif you all don't carry on obeying | alaboysunub turmasalaif they don't carry on obeying |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menboysunub tura esemif I have kept obeying | senboysunub tura eseŋif you have kept obeying | olboysunub tura eseif he has kept obeying | bizboysunub tura esekif we have kept obeying | sizboysunub tura esegizif you all have kept obeying | alaboysunub tura eseleif they have kept obeying |
| Durative conditional, present real | menboysunub turmay esemif I haven't kept obeying | senboysunub turmay eseŋif you haven't kept obeying | olboysunub turmay eseif he hasn't kept obeying | bizboysunub turmay esekif we haven't kept obeying | sizboysunub turmay esegizif you all haven't kept obeying | alaboysunub turmay eseleif they haven't kept obeying |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menboysuna tursamif I keep obeying | senboysuna tursaŋif you keep obeying | olboysuna tursaif he keeps obeying | bizboysuna tursaqif we keep obeying | sizboysuna tursağızif you all keep obeying | alaboysuna tursalaif they keep obeying |
| Progressive conditional | menboysunmay tursamif I keep on not obeying | senboysunmay tursaŋif you keep on not obeying | olboysunmay tursaif he keeps on not obeying | bizboysunmay tursaqif we keep on not obeying | sizboysunmay tursağızif you all keep on not obeying | alaboysunmay tursalaif they keep on not obeying |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menboysuna tura esemif I am in the middle of obeying | senboysuna tura eseŋif you are in the middle of obeying | olboysuna tura eseif he is in the middle of obeying | bizboysuna tura esekif we are in the middle of obeying | sizboysuna tura esegizif you all are in the middle of obeying | alaboysuna tura eseleif they are in the middle of obeying |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menboysunmay tura esemif I keep on not obeying | senboysunmay tura eseŋif you keep on not obeying | olboysunmay tura eseif he keeps on not obeying | bizboysunmay tura esekif we keep on not obeying | sizboysunmay tura esegizif you all keep on not obeying | alaboysunmay tura eseleif they keep on not obeying |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past3 | menboysundum esemif I obeyed | senboysunduŋ eseŋif you obeyed | olboysundu eseif he obeyed | bizboysunduq esekif we obeyed | sizboysunduğuz esegizif you all obeyed | alaboysundula eseleif they obeyed |
| Conditional, definite past3 | menboysunmadım esemif I didn't obey | senboysunmadıŋ eseŋif you didn't obey | olboysunmadı eseif he didn't obey | bizboysunmadıq esekif we didn't obey | sizboysunmadığız esegizif you all didn't obey | alaboysunmadıla eseleif they didn't obey |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menboysunŋan esemif I did obey (indeed) | senboysunŋan eseŋif you did obey (indeed) | olboysunŋan eseif he did obey (indeed) | bizboysunŋan esekif we did obey (indeed) | sizboysunŋan esegizif you all did obey (indeed) | alaboysunŋan eseleif they did obey (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menboysunmağan esemif I didn't obey (indeed) | senboysunmağan eseŋif you didn't obey (indeed) | olboysunmağan eseif he didn't obey (indeed) | bizboysunmağan esekif we didn't obey (indeed) | sizboysunmağan esegizif you all didn't obey (indeed) | alaboysunmağan eseleif they didn't obey (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menboysunŋan bolsamif I had obeyed | senboysunŋan bolsaŋif you had obeyed | olboysunŋan bolsaif he had obeyed | bizboysunŋan bolsaqif we had obeyed | sizboysunŋan bolsağızif you all had obeyed | alaboysunŋan bolsalaif they had obeyed |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menboysunmağan bolsamif I hadn't obeyed | senboysunmağan bolsaŋif you hadn't obeyed | olboysunmağan bolsaif he hadn't obeyed | bizboysunmağan bolsaqif we hadn't obeyed | sizboysunmağan bolsağızif you all hadn't obeyed | alaboysunmağan bolsalaif they hadn't obeyed |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menboysunŋan bolsam ediboysunŋan bolsam edif only I had obeyed | senboysunŋan bolsaŋ ediboysunŋan bolsaŋ edif only you had obeyed | olboysunŋan bolsa ediboysunŋan bolsaedif only he had obeyed | bizboysunŋan bolsaq ediboysunŋan bolsaq edif only we had obeyed | sizboysunŋan bolsağız ediboysunŋan bolsağız edif only you all had obeyed | alaboysunŋan bolsala ediboysunŋan bolsalaedif only they had obeyed |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menboysunmağan bolsam ediboysunmağan bolsam edif only I hadn't obeyed | senboysunmağan bolsaŋ ediboysunmağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't obeyed | olboysunmağan bolsa ediboysunmağan bolsaedif only he hadn't obeyed | bizboysunmağan bolsaq ediboysunmağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't obeyed | sizboysunmağan bolsağız ediboysunmağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't obeyed | alaboysunmağan bolsala ediboysunmağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't obeyed |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menboysunur esemif I will obey | senboysunur eseŋif you will obey | olboysunur eseif he will obey | bizboysunur esekif we will obey | sizboysunur esegizif you all will obey | alaboysunur eseleif they will obey |
| Conditional, aorist | menboysunmaz esemif I won't obey | senboysunmaz eseŋif you won't obey | olboysunmaz eseif he won't obey | bizboysunmaz esekif we won't obey | sizboysunmaz esegizif you all won't obey | alaboysunmaz eseleif they won't obey |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menboysunnuq esem4boysunuruq esemif I am going to obey | senboysunnuq eseŋ4boysunuruq eseŋif you are going to obey | olboysunnuq ese4boysunuruq eseif he is going to obey | bizboysunnuq esek4boysunuruq esekif we are going to obey | sizboysunnuq esegiz4boysunuruq esegizif you all are going to obey | alaboysunnuq esele4boysunuruq eseleif they are going to obey |
| Conditional, future | menboysunnuq tül esem4boysunuruq tül esemif I am not going to obey | senboysunnuq tül eseŋ4boysunuruq tül eseŋif you are not going to obey | olboysunnuq tül ese4boysunuruq tül eseif he is not going to obey | bizboysunnuq tül esek4boysunuruq tül esekif we are not going to obey | sizboysunnuq tül esegiz4boysunuruq tül esegizif you all are not going to obey | alaboysunnuq tül esele4boysunuruq tül eseleif they are not going to obey |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menboysunnuq bolsam5boysunuruq bolsamif I were going to obey | senboysunnuq bolsaŋ5boysunuruq bolsaŋif you were going to obey | olboysunnuq bolsa5boysunuruq bolsaif he were going to obey | bizboysunnuq bolsaq5boysunuruq bolsaqif we were going to obey | sizboysunnuq bolsağız5boysunuruq bolsağızif you all were going to obey | alaboysunnuq bolsala5boysunuruq bolsalaif they were going to obey |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menboysunmazlıq bolsamif I were not going to obey | senboysunmazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to obey | olboysunmazlıq bolsaif he were not going to obey | bizboysunmazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to obey | sizboysunmazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to obey | alaboysunmazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to obey |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso boysunduŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
- Conditional, futurefull form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so boysunuruq ese
- Conditional, counterfactual futurefull form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so boysunuruq bolsa
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menboysuna bolurmaI must be obeying | senboysuna bolursayou must be obeying | olboysuna bolurhe must be obeying | bizboysuna bolurbuzwe must be obeying | sizboysuna bolursuzyou all must be obeying | alaboysuna bolurlathey must be obeying |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menboysunmay bolurmaI must not be obeying | senboysunmay bolursayou must not be obeying | olboysunmay bolurhe must not be obeying | bizboysunmay bolurbuzwe must not be obeying | sizboysunmay bolursuzyou all must not be obeying | alaboysunmay bolurlathey must not be obeying |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menboysuna tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of obeying | senboysuna tura bolursayou must be in the middle of obeying | olboysuna tura bolurhe must be in the middle of obeying | bizboysuna tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of obeying | sizboysuna tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of obeying | alaboysuna tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of obeying |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menboysunmay tura bolurmaI must keep on not obeying | senboysunmay tura bolursayou must keep on not obeying | olboysunmay tura bolurhe must keep on not obeying | bizboysunmay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not obeying | sizboysunmay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not obeying | alaboysunmay tura bolurlathey must keep on not obeying |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menboysunŋan bolurmaI must have obeyed | senboysunŋan bolursayou must have obeyed | olboysunŋan bolurhe must have obeyed | bizboysunŋan bolurbuzwe must have obeyed | sizboysunŋan bolursuzyou all must have obeyed | alaboysunŋan bolurlathey must have obeyed |
| Inference (must have) | menboysunmağan bolurmaI must not have obeyed | senboysunmağan bolursayou must not have obeyed | olboysunmağan bolurhe must not have obeyed | bizboysunmağan bolurbuzwe must not have obeyed | sizboysunmağan bolursuzyou all must not have obeyed | alaboysunmağan bolurlathey must not have obeyed |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menboysunnuq bolurma6boysunuruq bolurmaI must be going to obey | senboysunnuq bolursa6boysunuruq bolursayou must be going to obey | olboysunnuq bolur6boysunuruq bolurhe must be going to obey | bizboysunnuq bolurbuz6boysunuruq bolurbuzwe must be going to obey | sizboysunnuq bolursuz6boysunuruq bolursuzyou all must be going to obey | alaboysunnuq bolurla6boysunuruq bolurlathey must be going to obey |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menboysunmazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to obey | senboysunmazlıq bolursayou must not be going to obey | olboysunmazlıq bolurhe must not be going to obey | bizboysunmazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to obey | sizboysunmazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to obey | alaboysunmazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to obey |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Inference, future (must be going to)full form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so boysunuruq bolur
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menboysunayımlet me obey | senboysun!obey! | olboysunsunlet him obey | bizboysunayıqlet's obey | sizboysunuğuz!obey, you all! | alaboysunsunlalet them obey |
| Commands & suggestions | menboysunmayımlet me not obey | senboysunma!don't obey! | olboysunmasınlet him not obey | bizboysunmayıqlet's not obey | sizboysunmağız!don't obey, you all! | alaboysunmasınlalet them not obey |
| Commands & suggestions | menboysunayımmı?shall I obey? | olboysunsunmu?should he obey? | bizboysunayıqmı?shall we obey? | alaboysunsunlamı?should they obey? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menboysunmayımmı?shall I not obey? | olboysunmasınmı?should he not obey? | bizboysunmayıqmı?shall we not obey? | alaboysunmasınlamı?should they not obey? | ||
| Requests | senboysunçu7boysunçunplease obey | olboysunsunçudo let him obey | sizboysunçuğuzplease obey (plural/polite) | alaboysunsunlaçıdo let them obey | ||
| Requests | senboysunmaçı7boysunmaçınplease don't obey | olboysunmasınçıdo let him not obey | sizboysunmaçığızplease don't obey (plural/polite) | alaboysunmasınlaçıdo let them not obey | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senboysunŋunboysunŋumay you obey | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senboysunmağınboysunmağımay you not obey | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menboysunŋay edim boysunŋa edimwould that I obeyed | senboysunŋay ediŋ boysunŋa ediŋwould that you obeyed | olboysunŋay edi boysunŋa ediwould that he obeyed | bizboysunŋay edik boysunŋa edikwould that we obeyed | sizboysunŋay edigiz boysunŋa edigizwould that you all obeyed | alaboysunŋay edile boysunŋa edilewould that they obeyed |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menboysunmağay edim boysunmağa edimwould that I did not obey | senboysunmağay ediŋ boysunmağa ediŋwould that you did not obey | olboysunmağay edi boysunmağa ediwould that he did not obey | bizboysunmağay edik boysunmağa edikwould that we did not obey | sizboysunmağay edigiz boysunmağa edigizwould that you all did not obey | alaboysunmağay edile boysunmağa edilewould that they did not obey |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menboysunmağa qoyayımboysunma qoyayımlet me allow someone to obey | senboysunmağa qoy!boysunma qoy!let someone obey! | olboysunmağa qoysunboysunma qoysunlet him allow someone to obey | bizboysunmağa qoyayıqboysunma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to obey | sizboysunmağa qoyuğuz!boysunma qoyuğuz!let someone obey, you all! | alaboysunmağa qoysunlaboysunma qoysunlalet them allow someone to obey |
| Let someone… (commands) | menboysunmağa qoymayımboysunma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to obey | senboysunmağa qoyma!boysunma qoyma!don't let someone obey! | olboysunmağa qoymasınboysunma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to obey | bizboysunmağa qoymayıqboysunma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to obey | sizboysunmağa qoymağız!boysunma qoymağız!don't let someone obey, you all! | alaboysunmağa qoymasınlaboysunma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to obey |
| Let someone… (commands) | menboysunmağa qoyayımmı?boysunma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to obey? | olboysunmağa qoysunmu?boysunma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to obey? | bizboysunmağa qoyayıqmı?boysunma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to obey? | alaboysunmağa qoysunlamı?boysunma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to obey? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menboysunmağa qoymayımmı?boysunma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to obey? | olboysunmağa qoymasınmı?boysunma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to obey? | bizboysunmağa qoymayıqmı?boysunma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to obey? | alaboysunmağa qoymasınlamı?boysunma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to obey? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menboysunmağa qoyamaboysunma qoyamaI allow someone to obey | senboysunmağa qoyasaboysunma qoyasayou allow someone to obey | olboysunmağa qoyadıboysunma qoyadıhe allows someone to obey | bizboysunmağa qoyabızboysunma qoyabızwe allow someone to obey | sizboysunmağa qoyasızboysunma qoyasızyou all allow someone to obey | alaboysunmağa qoyadılaboysunma qoyadılathey allow someone to obey |
| Let someone… (present) | menboysunmağa qoymaymaboysunma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to obey | senboysunmağa qoymaysaboysunma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to obey | olboysunmağa qoymaydıboysunma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to obey | bizboysunmağa qoymaybızboysunma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to obey | sizboysunmağa qoymaysızboysunma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to obey | alaboysunmağa qoymaydılaboysunma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to obey |
| Let someone… (present) | menboysunmağa qoyamamı?boysunma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to obey? | senboysunmağa qoyamısa?boysunma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to obey? | olboysunmağa qoyamıdı?boysunma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to obey? | bizboysunmağa qoyabızmı?boysunma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to obey? | sizboysunmağa qoyamısız?boysunma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to obey? | alaboysunmağa qoyamıdıla?boysunma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to obey? |
| Let someone… (present) | menboysunmağa qoymaymamı?boysunma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to obey? | senboysunmağa qoymaymısa?boysunma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to obey? | olboysunmağa qoymaymıdı?boysunma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to obey? | bizboysunmağa qoymaybızmı?boysunma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to obey? | sizboysunmağa qoymaymısız?boysunma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to obey? | alaboysunmağa qoymaymıdıla?boysunma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to obey? |
| Let someone… (past) | menboysunmağa qoydumboysunma qoydumI allowed someone to obey | senboysunmağa qoyduŋboysunma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to obey | olboysunmağa qoyduboysunma qoyduhe allowed someone to obey | bizboysunmağa qoyduqboysunma qoyduqwe allowed someone to obey | sizboysunmağa qoyduğuzboysunma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to obey | alaboysunmağa qoydulaboysunma qoydulathey allowed someone to obey |
| Let someone… (past) | menboysunmağa qoymadımboysunma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to obey | senboysunmağa qoymadıŋboysunma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to obey | olboysunmağa qoymadıboysunma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to obey | bizboysunmağa qoymadıqboysunma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to obey | sizboysunmağa qoymadığızboysunma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to obey | alaboysunmağa qoymadılaboysunma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to obey |
| Let someone… (past) | menboysunmağa qoydummu?boysunma qoydummu?did I allow someone to obey? | senboysunmağa qoyduŋmu?boysunma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to obey? | olboysunmağa qoydumu?boysunma qoydumu?did he allow someone to obey? | bizboysunmağa qoyduqmu?boysunma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to obey? | sizboysunmağa qoyduğuzmu?boysunma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to obey? | alaboysunmağa qoydulamı?boysunma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to obey? |
| Let someone… (past) | menboysunmağa qoymadımmı?boysunma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to obey? | senboysunmağa qoymadıŋmı?boysunma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to obey? | olboysunmağa qoymadımı?boysunma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to obey? | bizboysunmağa qoymadıqmı?boysunma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to obey? | sizboysunmağa qoymadığızmı?boysunma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to obey? | alaboysunmağa qoymadılamı?boysunma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to obey? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
boysunalırğa be able to obey · boysunalmazğa be unable to obey
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menboysunalamaI can obey | senboysunalasayou can obey | olboysunaladıhe can obey | bizboysunalabızwe can obey | sizboysunalasızyou all can obey | alaboysunaladılathey can obey |
| Ability — present | menboysunalmaymaI can't obey | senboysunalmaysayou can't obey | olboysunalmaydıhe can't obey | bizboysunalmaybızwe can't obey | sizboysunalmaysızyou all can't obey | alaboysunalmaydılathey can't obey |
| Ability — present | menboysunalamamı? boysunalamıma?can I obey? | senboysunalamısa?can you obey? | olboysunalamıdı?can he obey? | bizboysunalabızmı? boysunalamıbız?can we obey? | sizboysunalamısız?can you all obey? | alaboysunalamıdıla?can they obey? |
| Ability — present | menboysunalmaymamı? boysunalmaymıma?can't I obey? | senboysunalmaymısa?can't you obey? | olboysunalmaymıdı?can't he obey? | bizboysunalmaybızmı? boysunalmaymıbız?can't we obey? | sizboysunalmaymısız?can't you all obey? | alaboysunalmaymıdıla?can't they obey? |
| Ability — if I can… | menboysunalsamif I can obey | senboysunalsaŋif you can obey | olboysunalsaif he can obey | bizboysunalsaqif we can obey | sizboysunalsağızif you all can obey | alaboysunalsalaif they can obey |
| Ability — if I can… | menboysunalmasamif I can't obey | senboysunalmasaŋif you can't obey | olboysunalmasaif he can't obey | bizboysunalmasaqif we can't obey | sizboysunalmasağızif you all can't obey | alaboysunalmasalaif they can't obey |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menboysunaldımI was able to obey | senboysunaldıŋyou were able to obey | olboysunaldıhe was able to obey | bizboysunaldıqwe were able to obey | sizboysunaldığızyou all were able to obey | alaboysunaldılathey were able to obey |
| Ability — simple past | menboysunalmadımI could not obey | senboysunalmadıŋyou could not obey | olboysunalmadıhe could not obey | bizboysunalmadıqwe could not obey | sizboysunalmadığızyou all could not obey | alaboysunalmadılathey could not obey |
| Ability — simple past | menboysunaldımmı?was I able to obey? | senboysunaldıŋmı?were you able to obey? | olboysunaldımı?was he able to obey? | bizboysunaldıqmı?were we able to obey? | sizboysunaldığızmı?were you all able to obey? | alaboysunaldılamı?were they able to obey? |
| Ability — simple past | menboysunalmadımmı?couldn't I obey? | senboysunalmadıŋmı?couldn't you obey? | olboysunalmadımı?couldn't he obey? | bizboysunalmadıqmı?couldn't we obey? | sizboysunalmadığızmı?couldn't you all obey? | alaboysunalmadılamı?couldn't they obey? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menboysunalğanmaI have been able to obey | senboysunalğansayou have been able to obey | olboysunalğandıhe has been able to obey | bizboysunalğanbızwe have been able to obey | sizboysunalğansızyou all have been able to obey | alaboysunalğandılathey have been able to obey |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menboysunalmağanmaI haven't been able to obey | senboysunalmağansayou haven't been able to obey | olboysunalmağandıhe hasn't been able to obey | bizboysunalmağanbızwe haven't been able to obey | sizboysunalmağansızyou all haven't been able to obey | alaboysunalmağandılathey haven't been able to obey |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menboysunalğanmamı? boysunalğanmıma?have I been able to obey? | senboysunalğanmısa?have you been able to obey? | olboysunalğanmıdı?has he been able to obey? | bizboysunalğanbızmı? boysunalğanmıbız?have we been able to obey? | sizboysunalğanmısız?have you all been able to obey? | alaboysunalğanmıdıla?have they been able to obey? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menboysunalmağanmamı? boysunalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to obey? | senboysunalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to obey? | olboysunalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to obey? | bizboysunalmağanbızmı? boysunalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to obey? | sizboysunalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to obey? | alaboysunalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to obey? |
| Ability — past perfect | menboysunalğan edimboysunalğanemI had been able to obey | senboysunalğan ediŋboysunalğaneŋyou had been able to obey | olboysunalğan ediboysunalğanedhe had been able to obey | bizboysunalğan edikboysunalğanekwe had been able to obey | sizboysunalğan edigizboysunalğanegizyou all had been able to obey | alaboysunalğan edileboysunalğanellethey had been able to obey |
| Ability — past perfect | menboysunalmağan edimboysunalmağanemI hadn't been able to obey | senboysunalmağan ediŋboysunalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to obey | olboysunalmağan ediboysunalmağanedhe hadn't been able to obey | bizboysunalmağan edikboysunalmağanekwe hadn't been able to obey | sizboysunalmağan edigizboysunalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to obey | alaboysunalmağan edileboysunalmağanellethey hadn't been able to obey |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menboysunala edimboysunalaemI could obey | senboysunala ediŋboysunalaeŋyou could obey | olboysunala ediboysunalaedhe could obey | bizboysunala edikboysunalaekwe could obey | sizboysunala edigizboysunalaegizyou all could obey | alaboysunala edileboysunalaellethey could obey |
| Ability — past background | menboysunalmay edimboysunalmayemI could not obey | senboysunalmay ediŋboysunalmayeŋyou could not obey | olboysunalmay ediboysunalmayedhe could not obey | bizboysunalmay edikboysunalmayekwe could not obey | sizboysunalmay edigizboysunalmayegizyou all could not obey | alaboysunalmay edileboysunalmayellethey could not obey |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menboysunalırmaI will be able to obey | senboysunalırsayou will be able to obey | olboysunalırhe will be able to obey | bizboysunalırbızwe will be able to obey | sizboysunalırsızyou all will be able to obey | alaboysunalırlathey will be able to obey |
| Ability — future I | menboysunalmazmaI won't be able to obey | senboysunalmazsayou won't be able to obey | olboysunalmazhe won't be able to obey | bizboysunalmazbızwe won't be able to obey | sizboysunalmazsızyou all won't be able to obey | alaboysunalmazlathey won't be able to obey |
| Ability — future I | menboysunalırmamı? boysunalırmıma?will I be able to obey? | senboysunalırmısa?will you be able to obey? | olboysunalırmı?will he be able to obey? | bizboysunalırbızmı? boysunalırmıbız?will we be able to obey? | sizboysunalırmısız?will you all be able to obey? | alaboysunalırlamı? boysunalırmıla?will they be able to obey? |
| Ability — future I | menboysunalmazmamı? boysunalmazmıma?won't I be able to obey? | senboysunalmazmısa?won't you be able to obey? | olboysunalmazmı?won't he be able to obey? | bizboysunalmazbızmı? boysunalmazmıbız?won't we be able to obey? | sizboysunalmazmısız?won't you all be able to obey? | alaboysunalmazlamı? boysunalmazmıla?won't they be able to obey? |
| Ability — future II | menboysunallıqmaI am going to be able to obey | senboysunallıqsayou are going to be able to obey | olboysunallıqdıhe is going to be able to obey | bizboysunallıqbızwe are going to be able to obey | sizboysunallıqsızyou all are going to be able to obey | alaboysunallıqdılathey are going to be able to obey |
| Ability — future II | menboysunallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to obey | senboysunallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to obey | olboysunallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to obey | bizboysunallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to obey | sizboysunallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to obey | alaboysunallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to obey |
| Ability — future II | menboysunallıqmamı? boysunallıqmıma?am I going to be able to obey? | senboysunallıqmısa?are you going to be able to obey? | olboysunallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to obey? | bizboysunallıqbızmı? boysunallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to obey? | sizboysunallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to obey? | alaboysunallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to obey? |
| Ability — future II | menboysunallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to obey? | senboysunallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to obey? | olboysunallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to obey? | bizboysunallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to obey? | sizboysunallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to obey? | alaboysunallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to obey? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menboysunalır edimboysunalır emI would be able to obey | senboysunalır ediŋboysunalır eŋyou would be able to obey | olboysunalır ediboysunalır edhe would be able to obey | bizboysunalır edikboysunalır ekwe would be able to obey | sizboysunalır edigizboysunalır egizyou all would be able to obey | alaboysunalır edileboysunalır ellethey would be able to obey |
| Ability — would be able to… | menboysunalmaz edimboysunalmaz emI wouldn't be able to obey | senboysunalmaz ediŋboysunalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to obey | olboysunalmaz ediboysunalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to obey | bizboysunalmaz edikboysunalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to obey | sizboysunalmaz edigizboysunalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to obey | alaboysunalmaz edileboysunalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to obey |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senboysunalğınboysunalğımay you be able to obey | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senboysunalmağınboysunalmağımay you not be able to obey | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menboysunurğa izleymeI want to obey | senboysunurğa izleyseyou want to obey | olboysunurğa izleydihe wants to obey | bizboysunurğa izleybizwe want to obey | sizboysunurğa izleysizyou all want to obey | alaboysunurğa izleydilethey want to obey |
| want to | menboysunurğa izlemeymeI do not want to obey | senboysunurğa izlemeyseyou do not want to obey | olboysunurğa izlemeydihe does not want to obey | bizboysunurğa izlemeybizwe do not want to obey | sizboysunurğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to obey | alaboysunurğa izlemeydilethey do not want to obey |
| would like to | menboysunurğa süemeI would like to obey | senboysunurğa süeseyou would like to obey | olboysunurğa süedihe would like to obey | bizboysunurğa süebizwe would like to obey | sizboysunurğa süesizyou all would like to obey | alaboysunurğa süedilethey would like to obey |
| would like to | menboysunurğa süymeymeI would not like to obey | senboysunurğa süymeyseyou would not like to obey | olboysunurğa süymeydihe would not like to obey | bizboysunurğa süymeybizwe would not like to obey | sizboysunurğa süymeysizyou all would not like to obey | alaboysunurğa süymeydilethey would not like to obey |
| hope to | menboysunurğa umutlanamaI hope to obey | senboysunurğa umutlanasayou hope to obey | olboysunurğa umutlanadıhe hopes to obey | bizboysunurğa umutlanabızwe hope to obey | sizboysunurğa umutlanasızyou all hope to obey | alaboysunurğa umutlanadılathey hope to obey |
| hope to | menboysunurğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to obey | senboysunurğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to obey | olboysunurğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to obey | bizboysunurğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to obey | sizboysunurğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to obey | alaboysunurğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to obey |
| be about to | menboysunurğa deb turamaI am about to obey | senboysunurğa deb turasayou are about to obey | olboysunurğa deb turadıhe is about to obey | bizboysunurğa deb turabızwe are about to obey | sizboysunurğa deb turasızyou all are about to obey | alaboysunurğa deb turadılathey are about to obey |
| be about to | menboysunurğa deb turmaymaI am not about to obey | senboysunurğa deb turmaysayou are not about to obey | olboysunurğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to obey | bizboysunurğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to obey | sizboysunurğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to obey | alaboysunurğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to obey |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menboysunurğa kerekmeI need to obey | senboysunurğa kerekseyou need to obey | olboysunurğa kerekdihe needs to obey | bizboysunurğa kerekbizwe need to obey | sizboysunurğa kereksizyou all need to obey | alaboysunurğa kerekdilethey need to obey |
| need to | menboysunurğa kerek tülmeI do not need to obey | senboysunurğa kerek tülseyou do not need to obey | olboysunurğa kerek tüldühe does not need to obey | bizboysunurğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to obey | sizboysunurğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to obey | alaboysunurğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to obey |
| have to | menmenŋe boysunurğa tüşediI have to obey | sensenŋe boysunurğa tüşediyou have to obey | olaŋa boysunurğa tüşedihe has to obey | bizbizge boysunurğa tüşediwe have to obey | sizsizge boysunurğa tüşediyou all have to obey | alaalağa boysunurğa tüşedithey have to obey |
| have to | menmenŋe boysunurğa tüşmeydiI do not have to obey | sensenŋe boysunurğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to obey | olaŋa boysunurğa tüşmeydihe does not have to obey | bizbizge boysunurğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to obey | sizsizge boysunurğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to obey | alaalağa boysunurğa tüşmeydithey do not have to obey |
| be obliged to | menboysunurğa borçlumaI am obliged to obey | senboysunurğa borçlusayou are obliged to obey | olboysunurğa borçluduhe is obliged to obey | bizboysunurğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to obey | sizboysunurğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to obey | alaboysunurğa borçludulathey are obliged to obey |
| be obliged to | menboysunurğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to obey | senboysunurğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to obey | olboysunurğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to obey | bizboysunurğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to obey | sizboysunurğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to obey | alaboysunurğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to obey |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menboysunurğa madarım bardıI have a way to obey | senboysunurğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to obey | olboysunurğa madarı bardıhe has a way to obey | bizboysunurğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to obey | sizboysunurğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to obey | alaboysunurğa madarları bardıthey have a way to obey |
| have a way to | menboysunurğa madarım joqduI have no way to obey | senboysunurğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to obey | olboysunurğa madarı joqduhe has no way to obey | bizboysunurğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to obey | sizboysunurğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to obey | alaboysunurğa madarları joqduthey have no way to obey |
| be free to | menboysunurğa erkinligim bardıI am free to obey | senboysunurğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to obey | olboysunurğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to obey | bizboysunurğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to obey | sizboysunurğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to obey | alaboysunurğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to obey |
| be free to | menboysunurğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to obey | senboysunurğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to obey | olboysunurğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to obey | bizboysunurğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to obey | sizboysunurğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to obey | alaboysunurğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to obey |
| be possible to | menmenŋe boysunurğa bolluqduit is possible for me to obey | sensenŋe boysunurğa bolluqduit is possible for you to obey | olaŋa boysunurğa bolluqduit is possible for him to obey | bizbizge boysunurğa bolluqduit is possible for us to obey | sizsizge boysunurğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to obey | alaalağa boysunurğa bolluqduit is possible for them to obey |
| be possible to | menmenŋe boysunurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to obey | sensenŋe boysunurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to obey | olaŋa boysunurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to obey | bizbizge boysunurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to obey | sizsizge boysunurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to obey | alaalağa boysunurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to obey |
| be ready to | menboysunurğa hazırmaI am ready to obey | senboysunurğa hazırsayou are ready to obey | olboysunurğa hazırdıhe is ready to obey | bizboysunurğa hazırbızwe are ready to obey | sizboysunurğa hazırsızyou all are ready to obey | alaboysunurğa hazırdılathey are ready to obey |
| be ready to | menboysunurğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to obey | senboysunurğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to obey | olboysunurğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to obey | bizboysunurğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to obey | sizboysunurğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to obey | alaboysunurğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to obey |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menboysunurğa küreşemeI am trying to obey | senboysunurğa küreşeseyou are trying to obey | olboysunurğa küreşedihe is trying to obey | bizboysunurğa küreşebizwe are trying to obey | sizboysunurğa küreşesizyou all are trying to obey | alaboysunurğa küreşedilethey are trying to obey |
| try to | menboysunurğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to obey | senboysunurğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to obey | olboysunurğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to obey | bizboysunurğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to obey | sizboysunurğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to obey | alaboysunurğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to obey |
| agree to | menboysunurğa unaymaI agree to obey | senboysunurğa unaysayou agree to obey | olboysunurğa unaydıhe agrees to obey | bizboysunurğa unaybızwe agree to obey | sizboysunurğa unaysızyou all agree to obey | alaboysunurğa unaydılathey agree to obey |
| agree to | menboysunurğa unamaymaI refuse to obey | senboysunurğa unamaysayou refuse to obey | olboysunurğa unamaydıhe refuses to obey | bizboysunurğa unamaybızwe refuse to obey | sizboysunurğa unamaysızyou all refuse to obey | alaboysunurğa unamaydılathey refuse to obey |
| hurry to | menboysunurğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to obey | senboysunurğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to obey | olboysunurğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to obey | bizboysunurğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to obey | sizboysunurğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to obey | alaboysunurğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to obey |
| hurry to | menboysunurğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to obey | senboysunurğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to obey | olboysunurğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to obey | bizboysunurğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to obey | sizboysunurğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to obey | alaboysunurğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to obey |
| be afraid to | menboysunurğa qorqamaI am afraid to obey | senboysunurğa qorqasayou are afraid to obey | olboysunurğa qorqadıhe is afraid to obey | bizboysunurğa qorqabızwe are afraid to obey | sizboysunurğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to obey | alaboysunurğa qorqadılathey are afraid to obey |
| be afraid to | menboysunurğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to obey | senboysunurğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to obey | olboysunurğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to obey | bizboysunurğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to obey | sizboysunurğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to obey | alaboysunurğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to obey |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menboysuna bolmazmaI can't be obeying | senboysuna bolmazsayou can't be obeying | olboysuna bolmazhe can't be obeying | bizboysuna bolmazbızwe can't be obeying | sizboysuna bolmazsızyou all can't be obeying | alaboysuna bolmazlathey can't be obeying |
| Inference, present — double negation | menboysunmay bolmazmaI must be obeying (emphatic) | senboysunmay bolmazsayou must be obeying (emphatic) | olboysunmay bolmazhe must be obeying (emphatic) | bizboysunmay bolmazbızwe must be obeying (emphatic) | sizboysunmay bolmazsızyou all must be obeying (emphatic) | alaboysunmay bolmazlathey must be obeying (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menboysuna turmasamif I don't keep obeying | senboysuna turmasaŋif you don't keep obeying | olboysuna turmasaif he doesn't keep obeying | bizboysuna turmasaqif we don't keep obeying | sizboysuna turmasağızif you all don't keep obeying | alaboysuna turmasalaif they don't keep obeying |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menboysuna tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of obeying | senboysuna tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of obeying | olboysuna tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of obeying | bizboysuna tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of obeying | sizboysuna tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of obeying | alaboysuna tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of obeying |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menboysunmay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not obeying (emphatic) | senboysunmay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not obeying (emphatic) | olboysunmay tura bolmazhe must keep on not obeying (emphatic) | bizboysunmay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not obeying (emphatic) | sizboysunmay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not obeying (emphatic) | alaboysunmay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not obeying (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menboysunmay turamaI keep on not obeying | senboysunmay turasayou keep on not obeying | olboysunmay turadıhe keeps on not obeying | bizboysunmay turabızwe keep on not obeying | sizboysunmay turasızyou all keep on not obeying | alaboysunmay turadılathey keep on not obeying |
| Progressive — double negation | menboysunmay turmaymaI am not keeping on not obeying | senboysunmay turmaysayou are not keeping on not obeying | olboysunmay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not obeying | bizboysunmay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not obeying | sizboysunmay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not obeying | alaboysunmay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not obeying |
| Progressive — double negation | menboysunmay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not obeying? | senboysunmay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not obeying? | olboysunmay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not obeying? | bizboysunmay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not obeying? | sizboysunmay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not obeying? | alaboysunmay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not obeying? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menboysunŋan bolmazmaI can't have obeyed | senboysunŋan bolmazsayou can't have obeyed | olboysunŋan bolmazhe can't have obeyed | bizboysunŋan bolmazbızwe can't have obeyed | sizboysunŋan bolmazsızyou all can't have obeyed | alaboysunŋan bolmazlathey can't have obeyed |
| Inference — double negation | menboysunmağan bolmazmaI must have obeyed (emphatic) | senboysunmağan bolmazsayou must have obeyed (emphatic) | olboysunmağan bolmazhe must have obeyed (emphatic) | bizboysunmağan bolmazbızwe must have obeyed (emphatic) | sizboysunmağan bolmazsızyou all must have obeyed (emphatic) | alaboysunmağan bolmazlathey must have obeyed (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menboysunŋan bolmasamif it weren't that I had obeyed | senboysunŋan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had obeyed | olboysunŋan bolmasaif it weren't that he had obeyed | bizboysunŋan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had obeyed | sizboysunŋan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had obeyed | alaboysunŋan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had obeyed |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menboysunmağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't obeyed | senboysunmağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't obeyed | olboysunmağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't obeyed | bizboysunmağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't obeyed | sizboysunmağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't obeyed | alaboysunmağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't obeyed |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menboysunnuq bolmazmaI can't be going to obey | senboysunnuq bolmazsayou can't be going to obey | olboysunnuq bolmazhe can't be going to obey | bizboysunnuq bolmazbızwe can't be going to obey | sizboysunnuq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to obey | alaboysunnuq bolmazlathey can't be going to obey |
| Inference, future — double negation | menboysunmazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to obey (emphatic) | senboysunmazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to obey (emphatic) | olboysunmazlıq bolmazhe must be going to obey (emphatic) | bizboysunmazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to obey (emphatic) | sizboysunmazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to obey (emphatic) | alaboysunmazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to obey (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menboysunnuq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to obey | senboysunnuq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to obey | olboysunnuq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to obey | bizboysunnuq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to obey | sizboysunnuq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to obey | alaboysunnuq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to obey |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menboysunmazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to obey | senboysunmazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to obey | olboysunmazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to obey | bizboysunmazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to obey | sizboysunmazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to obey | alaboysunmazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to obey |