silderge
/silderɡe/
1. wave, swing, brandish
- qolun silderge — to swing his arm
- qamçini silde — swing the whip
- bayraqnı sildedi — he waved the flag
- qanatların terk-terk sildey — flapping their wings rapidly
2. throw, fling, hurl, chuck, toss; cast (a line or lasso)
- börknü örge silderge — to toss the cap up
- bir janına silderge — to fling it aside
- qarmaqnı silderge — to cast the fishing line
- atha arqannı silderge — to cast the lasso over the horse
- alanı çetençikge sildey — tossing them into the little basket
3. push away forcibly, shove
- sildeb ierge — to push away forcibly
- jaşnı bir janına sildedi — he shoved the boy aside
- eşikden sildeb çığardı — he shoved him out of the door
4. come out with something, blurt out, say boldly
- juwapnı silde — come out with the answer
- juwaplanı sildeydi — she comes out with answers
- ne ese da sildeb qoydu — he blurted out something or other
5. lie, exaggerate, spin a yarn, embroider
- bılayda sildediŋ — here you fibbed
- söznü ölçelemey silderge — to lie without weighing words
- jalğan hapar sildedi — he spun a false tale
- haparnı sildeb aytadı — he tells the story with embroidery
- köb sildeydi — he spins a lot of yarns
Conjugation
Common forms
- sildeydihe is waving
- sildedihe waved
- sildegendihe has waved
- silderhe will wave
- silderikdihe is going to wave
- sildey edihe was waving
- sildeseif he waves
- silde!wave!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensildeymeI am waving | sensildeyseyou are waving | olsildeydihe is waving | bizsildeybizwe are waving | sizsildeysizyou all are waving | alasildeydilethey are waving |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensildemeymeI am not waving | sensildemeyseyou are not waving | olsildemeydihe is not waving | bizsildemeybizwe are not waving | sizsildemeysizyou all are not waving | alasildemeydilethey are not waving |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensildeymemi? sildeymime?am I waving? | sensildeymise?are you waving? | olsildeymidi?is he waving? | bizsildeybizmi? sildeymibiz?are we waving? | sizsildeymisiz?are you all waving? | alasildeymidile?are they waving? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensildemeymemi? sildemeymime?aren't I waving? | sensildemeymise?aren't you waving? | olsildemeymidi?isn't he waving? | bizsildemeybizmi? sildemeymibiz?aren't we waving? | sizsildemeymisiz?aren't you all waving? | alasildemeymidile?aren't they waving? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensildewçenmeI usually wave | sensildewçenseyou usually wave | olsildewçendihe usually waves | bizsildewçenbizwe usually wave | sizsildewçensizyou all usually wave | alasildewçendilethey usually wave |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensildemewçenmeI usually don't wave | sensildemewçenseyou usually don't wave | olsildemewçendihe usually doesn't wave | bizsildemewçenbizwe usually don't wave | sizsildemewçensizyou all usually don't wave | alasildemewçendilethey usually don't wave |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensildewçenmemi? sildewçenmime?do I usually wave? | sensildewçenmise?do you usually wave? | olsildewçenmidi?does he usually wave? | bizsildewçenbizmi? sildewçenmibiz?do we usually wave? | sizsildewçenmisiz?do you all usually wave? | alasildewçenmidile?do they usually wave? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensildemewçenmemi? sildemewçenmime?do I usually not wave? | sensildemewçenmise?do you usually not wave? | olsildemewçenmidi?does he usually not wave? | bizsildemewçenbizmi? sildemewçenmibiz?do we usually not wave? | sizsildemewçenmisiz?do you all usually not wave? | alasildemewçenmidile?do they usually not wave? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olsildebdihe has waved and remains so | alasildebdilethey have waved and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olsildebmidi?has he waved? | alasildebmidile?have they waved? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensildeb turamaI keep waving | sensildeb turasayou keep waving | olsildeb turadıhe keeps waving | bizsildeb turabızwe keep waving | sizsildeb turasızyou all keep waving | alasildeb turadılathey keep waving |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensildeb turmaymaI don't keep waving | sensildeb turmaysayou don't keep waving | olsildeb turmaydıhe doesn't keep waving | bizsildeb turmaybızwe don't keep waving | sizsildeb turmaysızyou all don't keep waving | alasildeb turmaydılathey don't keep waving |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensildeb turamamı? sildeb turamıma?do I keep waving? | sensildeb turamısa?do you keep waving? | olsildeb turamıdı?does he keep waving? | bizsildeb turabızmı? sildeb turamıbız?do we keep waving? | sizsildeb turamısız?do you all keep waving? | alasildeb turamıdıla?do they keep waving? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensildeb turmaymamı? sildeb turmaymıma?don't I keep waving? | sensildeb turmaymısa?don't you keep waving? | olsildeb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep waving? | bizsildeb turmaybızmı? sildeb turmaymıbız?don't we keep waving? | sizsildeb turmaymısız?don't you all keep waving? | alasildeb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep waving? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensildey turamaI am in the middle of waving | sensildey turasayou are in the middle of waving | olsildey turadıhe is in the middle of waving | bizsildey turabızwe are in the middle of waving | sizsildey turasızyou all are in the middle of waving | alasildey turadılathey are in the middle of waving |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensildey turmaymaI am not in the middle of waving | sensildey turmaysayou are not in the middle of waving | olsildey turmaydıhe is not in the middle of waving | bizsildey turmaybızwe are not in the middle of waving | sizsildey turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of waving | alasildey turmaydılathey are not in the middle of waving |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensildey turamamı? sildey turamıma?am I in the middle of waving? | sensildey turamısa?are you in the middle of waving? | olsildey turamıdı?is he in the middle of waving? | bizsildey turabızmı? sildey turamıbız?are we in the middle of waving? | sizsildey turamısız?are you all in the middle of waving? | alasildey turamıdıla?are they in the middle of waving? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensildey turmaymamı? sildey turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of waving? | sensildey turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of waving? | olsildey turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of waving? | bizsildey turmaybızmı? sildey turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of waving? | sizsildey turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of waving? | alasildey turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of waving? |
| Simple past (definite) | mensildedimI waved | sensildediŋyou waved | olsildedihe waved | bizsildedikwe waved | sizsildedigizyou all waved | alasildedilethey waved |
| Simple past (definite) | mensildemedimI didn't wave | sensildemediŋyou didn't wave | olsildemedihe didn't wave | bizsildemedikwe didn't wave | sizsildemedigizyou all didn't wave | alasildemedilethey didn't wave |
| Simple past (definite) | mensildedimmi?did I wave? | sensildediŋmi?did you wave? | olsildedimi?did he wave? | bizsildedikmi?did we wave? | sizsildedigizmi?did you all wave? | alasildedilemi?did they wave? |
| Simple past (definite) | mensildemedimmi?didn't I wave? | sensildemediŋmi?didn't you wave? | olsildemedimi?didn't he wave? | bizsildemedikmi?didn't we wave? | sizsildemedigizmi?didn't you all wave? | alasildemedilemi?didn't they wave? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensildegenmeI have waved | sensildegenseyou have waved | olsildegendihe has waved | bizsildegenbizwe have waved | sizsildegensizyou all have waved | alasildegendilethey have waved |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensildemegenmeI haven't waved | sensildemegenseyou haven't waved | olsildemegendihe hasn't waved | bizsildemegenbizwe haven't waved | sizsildemegensizyou all haven't waved | alasildemegendilethey haven't waved |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensildegenmemi? sildegenmime?have I waved? | sensildegenmise?have you waved? | olsildegenmidi?has he waved? | bizsildegenbizmi? sildegenmibiz?have we waved? | sizsildegenmisiz?have you all waved? | alasildegenmidile?have they waved? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensildemegenmemi? sildemegenmime?haven't I waved? | sensildemegenmise?haven't you waved? | olsildemegenmidi?hasn't he waved? | bizsildemegenbizmi? sildemegenmibiz?haven't we waved? | sizsildemegenmisiz?haven't you all waved? | alasildemegenmidile?haven't they waved? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mensildeb turdumI kept waving | sensildeb turduŋyou kept waving | olsildeb turduhe kept waving | bizsildeb turduqwe kept waving | sizsildeb turduğuzyou all kept waving | alasildeb turdulathey kept waving |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mensildeb turmadımI didn't keep waving | sensildeb turmadıŋyou didn't keep waving | olsildeb turmadıhe didn't keep waving | bizsildeb turmadıqwe didn't keep waving | sizsildeb turmadığızyou all didn't keep waving | alasildeb turmadılathey didn't keep waving |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensildermeI will wave | sensilderseyou will wave | olsilderhe will wave | bizsilderbizwe will wave | sizsildersizyou all will wave | alasilderlethey will wave |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensildemezmeI won't wave | sensildemezseyou won't wave | olsildemezhe won't wave | bizsildemezbizwe won't wave | sizsildemezsizyou all won't wave | alasildemezlethey won't wave |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensildermemi? sildermime?will I wave? | sensildermise?will you wave? | olsildermi?will he wave? | bizsilderbizmi? sildermibiz?will we wave? | sizsildermisiz?will you all wave? | alasilderlemi? sildermile?will they wave? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensildemezmemi? sildemezmime?won't I wave? | sensildemezmise?won't you wave? | olsildemezmi?won't he wave? | bizsildemezbizmi? sildemezmibiz?won't we wave? | sizsildemezmisiz?won't you all wave? | alasildemezlemi? sildemezmile?won't they wave? |
| Definite future (future II) | mensilderikmeI am going to wave | sensilderikseyou are going to wave | olsilderikdihe is going to wave | bizsilderikbizwe are going to wave | sizsilderiksizyou all are going to wave | alasilderikdilethey are going to wave |
| Definite future (future II) | mensilderik tülmeI am not going to wave | sensilderik tülseyou are not going to wave | olsilderik tüldühe is not going to wave | bizsilderik tülbüzwe are not going to wave | sizsilderik tülsüzyou all are not going to wave | alasilderik tüldülethey are not going to wave |
| Definite future (future II) | mensilderikmemi? silderikmime?am I going to wave? | sensilderikmise?are you going to wave? | olsilderikmidi?is he going to wave? | bizsilderikbizmi? silderikmibiz?are we going to wave? | sizsilderikmisiz?are you all going to wave? | alasilderikmidile?are they going to wave? |
| Definite future (future II) | mensilderik tülmüme?aren't I going to wave? | sensilderik tülmüse?aren't you going to wave? | olsilderik tülmüdü?isn't he going to wave? | bizsilderik tülmübüz?aren't we going to wave? | sizsilderik tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to wave? | alasilderik tülmüdüle?aren't they going to wave? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mensildegen edimsildegenemI had waved | sensildegen ediŋsildegeneŋyou had waved | olsildegen edisildegenedhe had waved | bizsildegen ediksildegenekwe had waved | sizsildegen edigizsildegenegizyou all had waved | alasildegen edilesildegenellethey had waved |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mensildemegen edimsildemegenemI hadn't waved | sensildemegen ediŋsildemegeneŋyou hadn't waved | olsildemegen edisildemegenedhe hadn't waved | bizsildemegen ediksildemegenekwe hadn't waved | sizsildemegen edigizsildemegenegizyou all hadn't waved | alasildemegen edilesildemegenellethey hadn't waved |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mensildey edimsildeyemI was waving | sensildey ediŋsildeyeŋyou were waving | olsildey edisildeyedhe was waving | bizsildey ediksildeyekwe were waving | sizsildey edigizsildeyegizyou all were waving | alasildey edilesildeyellethey were waving |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mensildemey edimsildemeyemI wasn't waving | sensildemey ediŋsildemeyeŋyou weren't waving | olsildemey edisildemeyedhe wasn't waving | bizsildemey ediksildemeyekwe weren't waving | sizsildemey edigizsildemeyegizyou all weren't waving | alasildemey edilesildemeyellethey weren't waving |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | mensildewçen edimsildewçenemI used to wave | sensildewçen ediŋsildewçeneŋyou used to wave | olsildewçen edisildewçenedhe used to wave | bizsildewçen ediksildewçenekwe used to wave | sizsildewçen edigizsildewçenegizyou all used to wave | alasildewçen edilesildewçenellethey used to wave |
| Habitual past (used to) | mensildemewçen edimsildemewçenemI didn't use to wave | sensildemewçen ediŋsildemewçeneŋyou didn't use to wave | olsildemewçen edisildemewçenedhe didn't use to wave | bizsildemewçen ediksildemewçenekwe didn't use to wave | sizsildemewçen edigizsildemewçenegizyou all didn't use to wave | alasildemewçen edilesildemewçenellethey didn't use to wave |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olsildeb edihe had waved and remained so | alasildeb edilethey had waved and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olsildeb tül edihe hadn't waved | alasildeb tül edilethey hadn't waved | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mensildeb tura edimsildeb turaemI had kept waving | sensildeb tura ediŋsildeb turaeŋyou had kept waving | olsildeb tura edisildeb turaedhe had kept waving | bizsildeb tura ediksildeb turaekwe had kept waving | sizsildeb tura edigizsildeb turaegizyou all had kept waving | alasildeb tura edilesildeb turaellethey had kept waving |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mensildeb turmay edimsildeb turmayemI hadn't kept waving | sensildeb turmay ediŋsildeb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept waving | olsildeb turmay edisildeb turmayedhe hadn't kept waving | bizsildeb turmay ediksildeb turmayekwe hadn't kept waving | sizsildeb turmay edigizsildeb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept waving | alasildeb turmay edilesildeb turmayellethey hadn't kept waving |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mensildey tura edimsildey turaemI was in the middle of waving | sensildey tura ediŋsildey turaeŋyou were in the middle of waving | olsildey tura edisildey turaedhe was in the middle of waving | bizsildey tura ediksildey turaekwe were in the middle of waving | sizsildey tura edigizsildey turaegizyou all were in the middle of waving | alasildey tura edilesildey turaellethey were in the middle of waving |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mensildey turmay edimsildey turmayemI wasn't in the middle of waving | sensildey turmay ediŋsildey turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of waving | olsildey turmay edisildey turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of waving | bizsildey turmay ediksildey turmayekwe weren't in the middle of waving | sizsildey turmay edigizsildey turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of waving | alasildey turmay edilesildey turmayellethey weren't in the middle of waving |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | mensilder edimsilder emI would wave | sensilder ediŋsilder eŋyou would wave | olsilder edisilder edhe would wave | bizsilder ediksilder ekwe would wave | sizsilder edigizsilder egizyou all would wave | alasilder edilesilder ellethey would wave |
| Conditional result (would) | mensildemez edimsildemez emI wouldn't wave | sensildemez ediŋsildemez eŋyou wouldn't wave | olsildemez edisildemez edhe wouldn't wave | bizsildemez ediksildemez ekwe wouldn't wave | sizsildemez edigizsildemez egizyou all wouldn't wave | alasildemez edilesildemez ellethey wouldn't wave |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | mensilderik edimsilderik emI would have waved | sensilderik ediŋsilderik eŋyou would have waved | olsilderik edisilderik edhe would have waved | bizsilderik ediksilderik ekwe would have waved | sizsilderik edigizsilderik egizyou all would have waved | alasilderik edilesilderik ellethey would have waved |
| Past conditional result (would have) | mensilderik tül edimsilderik tül emI wouldn't have waved | sensilderik tül ediŋsilderik tül eŋyou wouldn't have waved | olsilderik tül edisilderik tül edhe wouldn't have waved | bizsilderik tül ediksilderik tül ekwe wouldn't have waved | sizsilderik tül edigizsilderik tül egizyou all wouldn't have waved | alasilderik tül edilesilderik tül ellethey wouldn't have waved |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | mensildesemif I wave | sensildeseŋif you wave | olsildeseif he waves | bizsildesekif we wave | sizsildesegizif you all wave | alasildeseleif they wave |
| Conditional | mensildemesemif I don't wave | sensildemeseŋif you don't wave | olsildemeseif he doesn't wave | bizsildemesekif we don't wave | sizsildemesegizif you all don't wave | alasildemeseleif they don't wave |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | mensildey esemif I am waving | sensildey eseŋif you are waving | olsildey eseif he is waving | bizsildey esekif we are waving | sizsildey esegizif you all are waving | alasildey eseleif they are waving |
| Conditional, present real | mensildemey esemif I am not waving | sensildemey eseŋif you are not waving | olsildemey eseif he is not waving | bizsildemey esekif we are not waving | sizsildemey esegizif you all are not waving | alasildemey eseleif they are not waving |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mensildesem edisildesem edif only I waved | sensildeseŋ edisildeseŋ edif only you waved | olsildese edisildesedif only he waved | bizsildesek edisildesek edif only we waved | sizsildesegiz edisildesegiz edif only you all waved | alasildesele edisildeseledif only they waved |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mensildemesem edisildemesem edif only I didn't wave | sensildemeseŋ edisildemeseŋ edif only you didn't wave | olsildemese edisildemesedif only he didn't wave | bizsildemesek edisildemesek edif only we didn't wave | sizsildemesegiz edisildemesegiz edif only you all didn't wave | alasildemesele edisildemeseledif only they didn't wave |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | mensildeb tursamif I carry on waving | sensildeb tursaŋif you carry on waving | olsildeb tursaif he carries on waving | bizsildeb tursaqif we carry on waving | sizsildeb tursağızif you all carry on waving | alasildeb tursalaif they carry on waving |
| Durative conditional | mensildeb turmasamif I don't carry on waving | sensildeb turmasaŋif you don't carry on waving | olsildeb turmasaif he doesn't carry on waving | bizsildeb turmasaqif we don't carry on waving | sizsildeb turmasağızif you all don't carry on waving | alasildeb turmasalaif they don't carry on waving |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | mensildeb tura esemif I have kept waving | sensildeb tura eseŋif you have kept waving | olsildeb tura eseif he has kept waving | bizsildeb tura esekif we have kept waving | sizsildeb tura esegizif you all have kept waving | alasildeb tura eseleif they have kept waving |
| Durative conditional, present real | mensildeb turmay esemif I haven't kept waving | sensildeb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept waving | olsildeb turmay eseif he hasn't kept waving | bizsildeb turmay esekif we haven't kept waving | sizsildeb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept waving | alasildeb turmay eseleif they haven't kept waving |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | mensildey tursamif I keep waving | sensildey tursaŋif you keep waving | olsildey tursaif he keeps waving | bizsildey tursaqif we keep waving | sizsildey tursağızif you all keep waving | alasildey tursalaif they keep waving |
| Progressive conditional | mensildemey tursamif I keep on not waving | sensildemey tursaŋif you keep on not waving | olsildemey tursaif he keeps on not waving | bizsildemey tursaqif we keep on not waving | sizsildemey tursağızif you all keep on not waving | alasildemey tursalaif they keep on not waving |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | mensildey tura esemif I am in the middle of waving | sensildey tura eseŋif you are in the middle of waving | olsildey tura eseif he is in the middle of waving | bizsildey tura esekif we are in the middle of waving | sizsildey tura esegizif you all are in the middle of waving | alasildey tura eseleif they are in the middle of waving |
| Progressive conditional, present real | mensildemey tura esemif I keep on not waving | sensildemey tura eseŋif you keep on not waving | olsildemey tura eseif he keeps on not waving | bizsildemey tura esekif we keep on not waving | sizsildemey tura esegizif you all keep on not waving | alasildemey tura eseleif they keep on not waving |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | mensildedim esemif I waved | sensildediŋ eseŋif you waved | olsildedi eseif he waved | bizsildedik esekif we waved | sizsildedigiz esegizif you all waved | alasildedile eseleif they waved |
| Conditional, definite past1 | mensildemedim esemif I didn't wave | sensildemediŋ eseŋif you didn't wave | olsildemedi eseif he didn't wave | bizsildemedik esekif we didn't wave | sizsildemedigiz esegizif you all didn't wave | alasildemedile eseleif they didn't wave |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | mensildegen esemif I did wave (indeed) | sensildegen eseŋif you did wave (indeed) | olsildegen eseif he did wave (indeed) | bizsildegen esekif we did wave (indeed) | sizsildegen esegizif you all did wave (indeed) | alasildegen eseleif they did wave (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | mensildemegen esemif I didn't wave (indeed) | sensildemegen eseŋif you didn't wave (indeed) | olsildemegen eseif he didn't wave (indeed) | bizsildemegen esekif we didn't wave (indeed) | sizsildemegen esegizif you all didn't wave (indeed) | alasildemegen eseleif they didn't wave (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | mensildegen bolsamif I had waved | sensildegen bolsaŋif you had waved | olsildegen bolsaif he had waved | bizsildegen bolsaqif we had waved | sizsildegen bolsağızif you all had waved | alasildegen bolsalaif they had waved |
| Conditional, counterfactual | mensildemegen bolsamif I hadn't waved | sensildemegen bolsaŋif you hadn't waved | olsildemegen bolsaif he hadn't waved | bizsildemegen bolsaqif we hadn't waved | sizsildemegen bolsağızif you all hadn't waved | alasildemegen bolsalaif they hadn't waved |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mensildegen bolsam edisildegen bolsam edif only I had waved | sensildegen bolsaŋ edisildegen bolsaŋ edif only you had waved | olsildegen bolsa edisildegen bolsaedif only he had waved | bizsildegen bolsaq edisildegen bolsaq edif only we had waved | sizsildegen bolsağız edisildegen bolsağız edif only you all had waved | alasildegen bolsala edisildegen bolsalaedif only they had waved |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mensildemegen bolsam edisildemegen bolsam edif only I hadn't waved | sensildemegen bolsaŋ edisildemegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't waved | olsildemegen bolsa edisildemegen bolsaedif only he hadn't waved | bizsildemegen bolsaq edisildemegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't waved | sizsildemegen bolsağız edisildemegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't waved | alasildemegen bolsala edisildemegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't waved |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | mensilder esemif I will wave | sensilder eseŋif you will wave | olsilder eseif he will wave | bizsilder esekif we will wave | sizsilder esegizif you all will wave | alasilder eseleif they will wave |
| Conditional, aorist | mensildemez esemif I won't wave | sensildemez eseŋif you won't wave | olsildemez eseif he won't wave | bizsildemez esekif we won't wave | sizsildemez esegizif you all won't wave | alasildemez eseleif they won't wave |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | mensilderik esemif I am going to wave | sensilderik eseŋif you are going to wave | olsilderik eseif he is going to wave | bizsilderik esekif we are going to wave | sizsilderik esegizif you all are going to wave | alasilderik eseleif they are going to wave |
| Conditional, future | mensilderik tül esemif I am not going to wave | sensilderik tül eseŋif you are not going to wave | olsilderik tül eseif he is not going to wave | bizsilderik tül esekif we are not going to wave | sizsilderik tül esegizif you all are not going to wave | alasilderik tül eseleif they are not going to wave |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mensilderik bolsamif I were going to wave | sensilderik bolsaŋif you were going to wave | olsilderik bolsaif he were going to wave | bizsilderik bolsaqif we were going to wave | sizsilderik bolsağızif you all were going to wave | alasilderik bolsalaif they were going to wave |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mensildemezlik bolsamif I were not going to wave | sensildemezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to wave | olsildemezlik bolsaif he were not going to wave | bizsildemezlik bolsaqif we were not going to wave | sizsildemezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to wave | alasildemezlik bolsalaif they were not going to wave |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso sildediŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mensildey bolurmaI must be waving | sensildey bolursayou must be waving | olsildey bolurhe must be waving | bizsildey bolurbuzwe must be waving | sizsildey bolursuzyou all must be waving | alasildey bolurlathey must be waving |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mensildemey bolurmaI must not be waving | sensildemey bolursayou must not be waving | olsildemey bolurhe must not be waving | bizsildemey bolurbuzwe must not be waving | sizsildemey bolursuzyou all must not be waving | alasildemey bolurlathey must not be waving |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mensildey tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of waving | sensildey tura bolursayou must be in the middle of waving | olsildey tura bolurhe must be in the middle of waving | bizsildey tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of waving | sizsildey tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of waving | alasildey tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of waving |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mensildemey tura bolurmaI must keep on not waving | sensildemey tura bolursayou must keep on not waving | olsildemey tura bolurhe must keep on not waving | bizsildemey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not waving | sizsildemey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not waving | alasildemey tura bolurlathey must keep on not waving |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | mensildegen bolurmaI must have waved | sensildegen bolursayou must have waved | olsildegen bolurhe must have waved | bizsildegen bolurbuzwe must have waved | sizsildegen bolursuzyou all must have waved | alasildegen bolurlathey must have waved |
| Inference (must have) | mensildemegen bolurmaI must not have waved | sensildemegen bolursayou must not have waved | olsildemegen bolurhe must not have waved | bizsildemegen bolurbuzwe must not have waved | sizsildemegen bolursuzyou all must not have waved | alasildemegen bolurlathey must not have waved |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mensilderik bolurmaI must be going to wave | sensilderik bolursayou must be going to wave | olsilderik bolurhe must be going to wave | bizsilderik bolurbuzwe must be going to wave | sizsilderik bolursuzyou all must be going to wave | alasilderik bolurlathey must be going to wave |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mensildemezlik bolurmaI must not be going to wave | sensildemezlik bolursayou must not be going to wave | olsildemezlik bolurhe must not be going to wave | bizsildemezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to wave | sizsildemezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to wave | alasildemezlik bolurlathey must not be going to wave |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | mensildeyimlet me wave | sensilde!wave! | olsildesinlet him wave | bizsildeyiklet's wave | sizsildegiz!wave, you all! | alasildesinlelet them wave |
| Commands & suggestions | mensildemeyimlet me not wave | sensildeme!don't wave! | olsildemesinlet him not wave | bizsildemeyiklet's not wave | sizsildemegiz!don't wave, you all! | alasildemesinlelet them not wave |
| Commands & suggestions | mensildeyimmi?shall I wave? | olsildesinmi?should he wave? | bizsildeyikmi?shall we wave? | alasildesinlemi?should they wave? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | mensildemeyimmi?shall I not wave? | olsildemesinmi?should he not wave? | bizsildemeyikmi?shall we not wave? | alasildemesinlemi?should they not wave? | ||
| Requests | sensildeçi2sildeçinplease wave | olsildesinçido let him wave | sizsildeçigizplease wave (plural/polite) | alasildesinleçido let them wave | ||
| Requests | sensildemeçi2sildemeçinplease don't wave | olsildemesinçido let him not wave | sizsildemeçigizplease don't wave (plural/polite) | alasildemesinleçido let them not wave | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sensildeginsildegimay you wave | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sensildemeginsildemegimay you not wave | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mensildegey edim sildege edimwould that I waved | sensildegey ediŋ sildege ediŋwould that you waved | olsildegey edi sildege ediwould that he waved | bizsildegey edik sildege edikwould that we waved | sizsildegey edigiz sildege edigizwould that you all waved | alasildegey edile sildege edilewould that they waved |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mensildemegey edim sildemege edimwould that I did not wave | sensildemegey ediŋ sildemege ediŋwould that you did not wave | olsildemegey edi sildemege ediwould that he did not wave | bizsildemegey edik sildemege edikwould that we did not wave | sizsildemegey edigiz sildemege edigizwould that you all did not wave | alasildemegey edile sildemege edilewould that they did not wave |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | mensildemege qoyayımsildeme qoyayımlet me allow someone to wave | sensildemege qoy!sildeme qoy!let someone wave! | olsildemege qoysunsildeme qoysunlet him allow someone to wave | bizsildemege qoyayıqsildeme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to wave | sizsildemege qoyuğuz!sildeme qoyuğuz!let someone wave, you all! | alasildemege qoysunlasildeme qoysunlalet them allow someone to wave |
| Let someone… (commands) | mensildemege qoymayımsildeme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to wave | sensildemege qoyma!sildeme qoyma!don't let someone wave! | olsildemege qoymasınsildeme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to wave | bizsildemege qoymayıqsildeme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to wave | sizsildemege qoymağız!sildeme qoymağız!don't let someone wave, you all! | alasildemege qoymasınlasildeme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to wave |
| Let someone… (commands) | mensildemege qoyayımmı?sildeme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to wave? | olsildemege qoysunmu?sildeme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to wave? | bizsildemege qoyayıqmı?sildeme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to wave? | alasildemege qoysunlamı?sildeme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to wave? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | mensildemege qoymayımmı?sildeme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to wave? | olsildemege qoymasınmı?sildeme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to wave? | bizsildemege qoymayıqmı?sildeme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to wave? | alasildemege qoymasınlamı?sildeme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to wave? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | mensildemege qoyamasildeme qoyamaI allow someone to wave | sensildemege qoyasasildeme qoyasayou allow someone to wave | olsildemege qoyadısildeme qoyadıhe allows someone to wave | bizsildemege qoyabızsildeme qoyabızwe allow someone to wave | sizsildemege qoyasızsildeme qoyasızyou all allow someone to wave | alasildemege qoyadılasildeme qoyadılathey allow someone to wave |
| Let someone… (present) | mensildemege qoymaymasildeme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to wave | sensildemege qoymaysasildeme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to wave | olsildemege qoymaydısildeme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to wave | bizsildemege qoymaybızsildeme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to wave | sizsildemege qoymaysızsildeme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to wave | alasildemege qoymaydılasildeme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to wave |
| Let someone… (present) | mensildemege qoyamamı?sildeme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to wave? | sensildemege qoyamısa?sildeme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to wave? | olsildemege qoyamıdı?sildeme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to wave? | bizsildemege qoyabızmı?sildeme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to wave? | sizsildemege qoyamısız?sildeme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to wave? | alasildemege qoyamıdıla?sildeme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to wave? |
| Let someone… (present) | mensildemege qoymaymamı?sildeme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to wave? | sensildemege qoymaymısa?sildeme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to wave? | olsildemege qoymaymıdı?sildeme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to wave? | bizsildemege qoymaybızmı?sildeme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to wave? | sizsildemege qoymaymısız?sildeme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to wave? | alasildemege qoymaymıdıla?sildeme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to wave? |
| Let someone… (past) | mensildemege qoydumsildeme qoydumI allowed someone to wave | sensildemege qoyduŋsildeme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to wave | olsildemege qoydusildeme qoyduhe allowed someone to wave | bizsildemege qoyduqsildeme qoyduqwe allowed someone to wave | sizsildemege qoyduğuzsildeme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to wave | alasildemege qoydulasildeme qoydulathey allowed someone to wave |
| Let someone… (past) | mensildemege qoymadımsildeme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to wave | sensildemege qoymadıŋsildeme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to wave | olsildemege qoymadısildeme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to wave | bizsildemege qoymadıqsildeme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to wave | sizsildemege qoymadığızsildeme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to wave | alasildemege qoymadılasildeme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to wave |
| Let someone… (past) | mensildemege qoydummu?sildeme qoydummu?did I allow someone to wave? | sensildemege qoyduŋmu?sildeme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to wave? | olsildemege qoydumu?sildeme qoydumu?did he allow someone to wave? | bizsildemege qoyduqmu?sildeme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to wave? | sizsildemege qoyduğuzmu?sildeme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to wave? | alasildemege qoydulamı?sildeme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to wave? |
| Let someone… (past) | mensildemege qoymadımmı?sildeme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to wave? | sensildemege qoymadıŋmı?sildeme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to wave? | olsildemege qoymadımı?sildeme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to wave? | bizsildemege qoymadıqmı?sildeme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to wave? | sizsildemege qoymadığızmı?sildeme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to wave? | alasildemege qoymadılamı?sildeme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to wave? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | mensildeyalamaI can wave | sensildeyalasayou can wave | olsildeyaladıhe can wave | bizsildeyalabızwe can wave | sizsildeyalasızyou all can wave | alasildeyaladılathey can wave |
| Ability — present | mensildeyalmaymaI can't wave | sensildeyalmaysayou can't wave | olsildeyalmaydıhe can't wave | bizsildeyalmaybızwe can't wave | sizsildeyalmaysızyou all can't wave | alasildeyalmaydılathey can't wave |
| Ability — present | mensildeyalamamı? sildeyalamıma?can I wave? | sensildeyalamısa?can you wave? | olsildeyalamıdı?can he wave? | bizsildeyalabızmı? sildeyalamıbız?can we wave? | sizsildeyalamısız?can you all wave? | alasildeyalamıdıla?can they wave? |
| Ability — present | mensildeyalmaymamı? sildeyalmaymıma?can't I wave? | sensildeyalmaymısa?can't you wave? | olsildeyalmaymıdı?can't he wave? | bizsildeyalmaybızmı? sildeyalmaymıbız?can't we wave? | sizsildeyalmaymısız?can't you all wave? | alasildeyalmaymıdıla?can't they wave? |
| Ability — if I can… | mensildeyalsamif I can wave | sensildeyalsaŋif you can wave | olsildeyalsaif he can wave | bizsildeyalsaqif we can wave | sizsildeyalsağızif you all can wave | alasildeyalsalaif they can wave |
| Ability — if I can… | mensildeyalmasamif I can't wave | sensildeyalmasaŋif you can't wave | olsildeyalmasaif he can't wave | bizsildeyalmasaqif we can't wave | sizsildeyalmasağızif you all can't wave | alasildeyalmasalaif they can't wave |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | mensildeyaldımI was able to wave | sensildeyaldıŋyou were able to wave | olsildeyaldıhe was able to wave | bizsildeyaldıqwe were able to wave | sizsildeyaldığızyou all were able to wave | alasildeyaldılathey were able to wave |
| Ability — simple past | mensildeyalmadımI could not wave | sensildeyalmadıŋyou could not wave | olsildeyalmadıhe could not wave | bizsildeyalmadıqwe could not wave | sizsildeyalmadığızyou all could not wave | alasildeyalmadılathey could not wave |
| Ability — simple past | mensildeyaldımmı?was I able to wave? | sensildeyaldıŋmı?were you able to wave? | olsildeyaldımı?was he able to wave? | bizsildeyaldıqmı?were we able to wave? | sizsildeyaldığızmı?were you all able to wave? | alasildeyaldılamı?were they able to wave? |
| Ability — simple past | mensildeyalmadımmı?couldn't I wave? | sensildeyalmadıŋmı?couldn't you wave? | olsildeyalmadımı?couldn't he wave? | bizsildeyalmadıqmı?couldn't we wave? | sizsildeyalmadığızmı?couldn't you all wave? | alasildeyalmadılamı?couldn't they wave? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensildeyalğanmaI have been able to wave | sensildeyalğansayou have been able to wave | olsildeyalğandıhe has been able to wave | bizsildeyalğanbızwe have been able to wave | sizsildeyalğansızyou all have been able to wave | alasildeyalğandılathey have been able to wave |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensildeyalmağanmaI haven't been able to wave | sensildeyalmağansayou haven't been able to wave | olsildeyalmağandıhe hasn't been able to wave | bizsildeyalmağanbızwe haven't been able to wave | sizsildeyalmağansızyou all haven't been able to wave | alasildeyalmağandılathey haven't been able to wave |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensildeyalğanmamı? sildeyalğanmıma?have I been able to wave? | sensildeyalğanmısa?have you been able to wave? | olsildeyalğanmıdı?has he been able to wave? | bizsildeyalğanbızmı? sildeyalğanmıbız?have we been able to wave? | sizsildeyalğanmısız?have you all been able to wave? | alasildeyalğanmıdıla?have they been able to wave? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensildeyalmağanmamı? sildeyalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to wave? | sensildeyalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to wave? | olsildeyalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to wave? | bizsildeyalmağanbızmı? sildeyalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to wave? | sizsildeyalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to wave? | alasildeyalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to wave? |
| Ability — past perfect | mensildeyalğan edimsildeyalğanemI had been able to wave | sensildeyalğan ediŋsildeyalğaneŋyou had been able to wave | olsildeyalğan edisildeyalğanedhe had been able to wave | bizsildeyalğan ediksildeyalğanekwe had been able to wave | sizsildeyalğan edigizsildeyalğanegizyou all had been able to wave | alasildeyalğan edilesildeyalğanellethey had been able to wave |
| Ability — past perfect | mensildeyalmağan edimsildeyalmağanemI hadn't been able to wave | sensildeyalmağan ediŋsildeyalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to wave | olsildeyalmağan edisildeyalmağanedhe hadn't been able to wave | bizsildeyalmağan ediksildeyalmağanekwe hadn't been able to wave | sizsildeyalmağan edigizsildeyalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to wave | alasildeyalmağan edilesildeyalmağanellethey hadn't been able to wave |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | mensildeyala edimsildeyalaemI could wave | sensildeyala ediŋsildeyalaeŋyou could wave | olsildeyala edisildeyalaedhe could wave | bizsildeyala ediksildeyalaekwe could wave | sizsildeyala edigizsildeyalaegizyou all could wave | alasildeyala edilesildeyalaellethey could wave |
| Ability — past background | mensildeyalmay edimsildeyalmayemI could not wave | sensildeyalmay ediŋsildeyalmayeŋyou could not wave | olsildeyalmay edisildeyalmayedhe could not wave | bizsildeyalmay ediksildeyalmayekwe could not wave | sizsildeyalmay edigizsildeyalmayegizyou all could not wave | alasildeyalmay edilesildeyalmayellethey could not wave |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | mensildeyalırmaI will be able to wave | sensildeyalırsayou will be able to wave | olsildeyalırhe will be able to wave | bizsildeyalırbızwe will be able to wave | sizsildeyalırsızyou all will be able to wave | alasildeyalırlathey will be able to wave |
| Ability — future I | mensildeyalmazmaI won't be able to wave | sensildeyalmazsayou won't be able to wave | olsildeyalmazhe won't be able to wave | bizsildeyalmazbızwe won't be able to wave | sizsildeyalmazsızyou all won't be able to wave | alasildeyalmazlathey won't be able to wave |
| Ability — future I | mensildeyalırmamı? sildeyalırmıma?will I be able to wave? | sensildeyalırmısa?will you be able to wave? | olsildeyalırmı?will he be able to wave? | bizsildeyalırbızmı? sildeyalırmıbız?will we be able to wave? | sizsildeyalırmısız?will you all be able to wave? | alasildeyalırlamı? sildeyalırmıla?will they be able to wave? |
| Ability — future I | mensildeyalmazmamı? sildeyalmazmıma?won't I be able to wave? | sensildeyalmazmısa?won't you be able to wave? | olsildeyalmazmı?won't he be able to wave? | bizsildeyalmazbızmı? sildeyalmazmıbız?won't we be able to wave? | sizsildeyalmazmısız?won't you all be able to wave? | alasildeyalmazlamı? sildeyalmazmıla?won't they be able to wave? |
| Ability — future II | mensildeyallıqmaI am going to be able to wave | sensildeyallıqsayou are going to be able to wave | olsildeyallıqdıhe is going to be able to wave | bizsildeyallıqbızwe are going to be able to wave | sizsildeyallıqsızyou all are going to be able to wave | alasildeyallıqdılathey are going to be able to wave |
| Ability — future II | mensildeyallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to wave | sensildeyallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to wave | olsildeyallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to wave | bizsildeyallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to wave | sizsildeyallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to wave | alasildeyallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to wave |
| Ability — future II | mensildeyallıqmamı? sildeyallıqmıma?am I going to be able to wave? | sensildeyallıqmısa?are you going to be able to wave? | olsildeyallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to wave? | bizsildeyallıqbızmı? sildeyallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to wave? | sizsildeyallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to wave? | alasildeyallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to wave? |
| Ability — future II | mensildeyallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to wave? | sensildeyallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to wave? | olsildeyallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to wave? | bizsildeyallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to wave? | sizsildeyallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to wave? | alasildeyallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to wave? |
| Ability — would be able to… | mensildeyalır edimsildeyalır emI would be able to wave | sensildeyalır ediŋsildeyalır eŋyou would be able to wave | olsildeyalır edisildeyalır edhe would be able to wave | bizsildeyalır ediksildeyalır ekwe would be able to wave | sizsildeyalır edigizsildeyalır egizyou all would be able to wave | alasildeyalır edilesildeyalır ellethey would be able to wave |
| Ability — would be able to… | mensildeyalmaz edimsildeyalmaz emI wouldn't be able to wave | sensildeyalmaz ediŋsildeyalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to wave | olsildeyalmaz edisildeyalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to wave | bizsildeyalmaz ediksildeyalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to wave | sizsildeyalmaz edigizsildeyalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to wave | alasildeyalmaz edilesildeyalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to wave |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sensildeyalğınsildeyalğımay you be able to wave | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sensildeyalmağınsildeyalmağımay you not be able to wave | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | mensilderge izleymeI want to wave | sensilderge izleyseyou want to wave | olsilderge izleydihe wants to wave | bizsilderge izleybizwe want to wave | sizsilderge izleysizyou all want to wave | alasilderge izleydilethey want to wave |
| want to | mensilderge izlemeymeI do not want to wave | sensilderge izlemeyseyou do not want to wave | olsilderge izlemeydihe does not want to wave | bizsilderge izlemeybizwe do not want to wave | sizsilderge izlemeysizyou all do not want to wave | alasilderge izlemeydilethey do not want to wave |
| would like to | mensilderge süemeI would like to wave | sensilderge süeseyou would like to wave | olsilderge süedihe would like to wave | bizsilderge süebizwe would like to wave | sizsilderge süesizyou all would like to wave | alasilderge süedilethey would like to wave |
| would like to | mensilderge süymeymeI would not like to wave | sensilderge süymeyseyou would not like to wave | olsilderge süymeydihe would not like to wave | bizsilderge süymeybizwe would not like to wave | sizsilderge süymeysizyou all would not like to wave | alasilderge süymeydilethey would not like to wave |
| hope to | mensilderge umutlanamaI hope to wave | sensilderge umutlanasayou hope to wave | olsilderge umutlanadıhe hopes to wave | bizsilderge umutlanabızwe hope to wave | sizsilderge umutlanasızyou all hope to wave | alasilderge umutlanadılathey hope to wave |
| hope to | mensilderge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to wave | sensilderge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to wave | olsilderge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to wave | bizsilderge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to wave | sizsilderge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to wave | alasilderge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to wave |
| be about to | mensilderge deb turamaI am about to wave | sensilderge deb turasayou are about to wave | olsilderge deb turadıhe is about to wave | bizsilderge deb turabızwe are about to wave | sizsilderge deb turasızyou all are about to wave | alasilderge deb turadılathey are about to wave |
| be about to | mensilderge deb turmaymaI am not about to wave | sensilderge deb turmaysayou are not about to wave | olsilderge deb turmaydıhe is not about to wave | bizsilderge deb turmaybızwe are not about to wave | sizsilderge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to wave | alasilderge deb turmaydılathey are not about to wave |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | mensilderge kerekmeI need to wave | sensilderge kerekseyou need to wave | olsilderge kerekdihe needs to wave | bizsilderge kerekbizwe need to wave | sizsilderge kereksizyou all need to wave | alasilderge kerekdilethey need to wave |
| need to | mensilderge kerek tülmeI do not need to wave | sensilderge kerek tülseyou do not need to wave | olsilderge kerek tüldühe does not need to wave | bizsilderge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to wave | sizsilderge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to wave | alasilderge kerek tüldülethey do not need to wave |
| have to | menmenŋe silderge tüşediI have to wave | sensenŋe silderge tüşediyou have to wave | olaŋa silderge tüşedihe has to wave | bizbizge silderge tüşediwe have to wave | sizsizge silderge tüşediyou all have to wave | alaalağa silderge tüşedithey have to wave |
| have to | menmenŋe silderge tüşmeydiI do not have to wave | sensenŋe silderge tüşmeydiyou do not have to wave | olaŋa silderge tüşmeydihe does not have to wave | bizbizge silderge tüşmeydiwe do not have to wave | sizsizge silderge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to wave | alaalağa silderge tüşmeydithey do not have to wave |
| be obliged to | mensilderge borçlumaI am obliged to wave | sensilderge borçlusayou are obliged to wave | olsilderge borçluduhe is obliged to wave | bizsilderge borçlubuzwe are obliged to wave | sizsilderge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to wave | alasilderge borçludulathey are obliged to wave |
| be obliged to | mensilderge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to wave | sensilderge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to wave | olsilderge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to wave | bizsilderge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to wave | sizsilderge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to wave | alasilderge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to wave |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | mensilderge madarım bardıI have a way to wave | sensilderge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to wave | olsilderge madarı bardıhe has a way to wave | bizsilderge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to wave | sizsilderge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to wave | alasilderge madarları bardıthey have a way to wave |
| have a way to | mensilderge madarım joqduI have no way to wave | sensilderge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to wave | olsilderge madarı joqduhe has no way to wave | bizsilderge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to wave | sizsilderge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to wave | alasilderge madarları joqduthey have no way to wave |
| be free to | mensilderge erkinligim bardıI am free to wave | sensilderge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to wave | olsilderge erkinligi bardıhe is free to wave | bizsilderge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to wave | sizsilderge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to wave | alasilderge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to wave |
| be free to | mensilderge erkinligim joqduI am not free to wave | sensilderge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to wave | olsilderge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to wave | bizsilderge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to wave | sizsilderge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to wave | alasilderge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to wave |
| be possible to | menmenŋe silderge bolluqduit is possible for me to wave | sensenŋe silderge bolluqduit is possible for you to wave | olaŋa silderge bolluqduit is possible for him to wave | bizbizge silderge bolluqduit is possible for us to wave | sizsizge silderge bolluqduit is possible for you all to wave | alaalağa silderge bolluqduit is possible for them to wave |
| be possible to | menmenŋe silderge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to wave | sensenŋe silderge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to wave | olaŋa silderge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to wave | bizbizge silderge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to wave | sizsizge silderge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to wave | alaalağa silderge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to wave |
| be ready to | mensilderge hazırmaI am ready to wave | sensilderge hazırsayou are ready to wave | olsilderge hazırdıhe is ready to wave | bizsilderge hazırbızwe are ready to wave | sizsilderge hazırsızyou all are ready to wave | alasilderge hazırdılathey are ready to wave |
| be ready to | mensilderge hazır tülmeI am not ready to wave | sensilderge hazır tülseyou are not ready to wave | olsilderge hazır tüldühe is not ready to wave | bizsilderge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to wave | sizsilderge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to wave | alasilderge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to wave |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | mensilderge küreşemeI am trying to wave | sensilderge küreşeseyou are trying to wave | olsilderge küreşedihe is trying to wave | bizsilderge küreşebizwe are trying to wave | sizsilderge küreşesizyou all are trying to wave | alasilderge küreşedilethey are trying to wave |
| try to | mensilderge küreşmeymeI am not trying to wave | sensilderge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to wave | olsilderge küreşmeydihe is not trying to wave | bizsilderge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to wave | sizsilderge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to wave | alasilderge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to wave |
| agree to | mensilderge unaymaI agree to wave | sensilderge unaysayou agree to wave | olsilderge unaydıhe agrees to wave | bizsilderge unaybızwe agree to wave | sizsilderge unaysızyou all agree to wave | alasilderge unaydılathey agree to wave |
| agree to | mensilderge unamaymaI refuse to wave | sensilderge unamaysayou refuse to wave | olsilderge unamaydıhe refuses to wave | bizsilderge unamaybızwe refuse to wave | sizsilderge unamaysızyou all refuse to wave | alasilderge unamaydılathey refuse to wave |
| hurry to | mensilderge aşığamaI am in a hurry to wave | sensilderge aşığasayou are in a hurry to wave | olsilderge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to wave | bizsilderge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to wave | sizsilderge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to wave | alasilderge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to wave |
| hurry to | mensilderge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to wave | sensilderge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to wave | olsilderge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to wave | bizsilderge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to wave | sizsilderge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to wave | alasilderge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to wave |
| be afraid to | mensilderge qorqamaI am afraid to wave | sensilderge qorqasayou are afraid to wave | olsilderge qorqadıhe is afraid to wave | bizsilderge qorqabızwe are afraid to wave | sizsilderge qorqasızyou all are afraid to wave | alasilderge qorqadılathey are afraid to wave |
| be afraid to | mensilderge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to wave | sensilderge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to wave | olsilderge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to wave | bizsilderge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to wave | sizsilderge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to wave | alasilderge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to wave |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | mensildey bolmazmaI can't be waving | sensildey bolmazsayou can't be waving | olsildey bolmazhe can't be waving | bizsildey bolmazbızwe can't be waving | sizsildey bolmazsızyou all can't be waving | alasildey bolmazlathey can't be waving |
| Inference, present — double negation | mensildemey bolmazmaI must be waving (emphatic) | sensildemey bolmazsayou must be waving (emphatic) | olsildemey bolmazhe must be waving (emphatic) | bizsildemey bolmazbızwe must be waving (emphatic) | sizsildemey bolmazsızyou all must be waving (emphatic) | alasildemey bolmazlathey must be waving (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | mensildey turmasamif I don't keep waving | sensildey turmasaŋif you don't keep waving | olsildey turmasaif he doesn't keep waving | bizsildey turmasaqif we don't keep waving | sizsildey turmasağızif you all don't keep waving | alasildey turmasalaif they don't keep waving |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | mensildey tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of waving | sensildey tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of waving | olsildey tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of waving | bizsildey tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of waving | sizsildey tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of waving | alasildey tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of waving |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | mensildemey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not waving (emphatic) | sensildemey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not waving (emphatic) | olsildemey tura bolmazhe must keep on not waving (emphatic) | bizsildemey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not waving (emphatic) | sizsildemey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not waving (emphatic) | alasildemey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not waving (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | mensildemey turamaI keep on not waving | sensildemey turasayou keep on not waving | olsildemey turadıhe keeps on not waving | bizsildemey turabızwe keep on not waving | sizsildemey turasızyou all keep on not waving | alasildemey turadılathey keep on not waving |
| Progressive — double negation | mensildemey turmaymaI am not keeping on not waving | sensildemey turmaysayou are not keeping on not waving | olsildemey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not waving | bizsildemey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not waving | sizsildemey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not waving | alasildemey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not waving |
| Progressive — double negation | mensildemey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not waving? | sensildemey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not waving? | olsildemey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not waving? | bizsildemey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not waving? | sizsildemey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not waving? | alasildemey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not waving? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | mensildegen bolmazmaI can't have waved | sensildegen bolmazsayou can't have waved | olsildegen bolmazhe can't have waved | bizsildegen bolmazbızwe can't have waved | sizsildegen bolmazsızyou all can't have waved | alasildegen bolmazlathey can't have waved |
| Inference — double negation | mensildemegen bolmazmaI must have waved (emphatic) | sensildemegen bolmazsayou must have waved (emphatic) | olsildemegen bolmazhe must have waved (emphatic) | bizsildemegen bolmazbızwe must have waved (emphatic) | sizsildemegen bolmazsızyou all must have waved (emphatic) | alasildemegen bolmazlathey must have waved (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | mensildegen bolmasamif it weren't that I had waved | sensildegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had waved | olsildegen bolmasaif it weren't that he had waved | bizsildegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had waved | sizsildegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had waved | alasildegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had waved |
| Counterfactual — double negation | mensildemegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't waved | sensildemegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't waved | olsildemegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't waved | bizsildemegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't waved | sizsildemegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't waved | alasildemegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't waved |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | mensilderik bolmazmaI can't be going to wave | sensilderik bolmazsayou can't be going to wave | olsilderik bolmazhe can't be going to wave | bizsilderik bolmazbızwe can't be going to wave | sizsilderik bolmazsızyou all can't be going to wave | alasilderik bolmazlathey can't be going to wave |
| Inference, future — double negation | mensildemezlik bolmazmaI must be going to wave (emphatic) | sensildemezlik bolmazsayou must be going to wave (emphatic) | olsildemezlik bolmazhe must be going to wave (emphatic) | bizsildemezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to wave (emphatic) | sizsildemezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to wave (emphatic) | alasildemezlik bolmazlathey must be going to wave (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | mensilderik bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to wave | sensilderik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to wave | olsilderik bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to wave | bizsilderik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to wave | sizsilderik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to wave | alasilderik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to wave |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | mensildemezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to wave | sensildemezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to wave | olsildemezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to wave | bizsildemezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to wave | sizsildemezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to wave | alasildemezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to wave |