silkerge
/silkerɡe/
1. shake, wave, nod, swing — Usually takes a body part as its object, such as the head, hand or wings.
- baş silkerge — to nod one's head
- qol silkerge — to wave one's hand
- ol menŋe qolun silkdi — he waved his hand to me
- quş qanatların silkib uçdu — the eagle flapped its wings and flew up
- qollarıŋı silkib söleşirge — to talk waving your hands
- it quyruğun silkedi — the dog wags its tail
- qol silkib jürürge — to walk swinging one's arms
- başnı silkerge — to shake one's head
2. shake, jolt, shake out — Used of shaking an object or a person, as in shaking a rug or a sack of flour, or shaking someone's hand.
- birewnü qolun silkerge — to shake someone's hand
Conjugation
Common forms
- silkedihe is waving
- silkdihe waved
- silkgendihe has waved
- silkerhe will wave
- silkerikdihe is going to wave
- silke edihe was waving
- silkseif he waves
- silk!wave!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensilkemeI am waving | sensilkeseyou are waving | olsilkedihe is waving | bizsilkebizwe are waving | sizsilkesizyou all are waving | alasilkedilethey are waving |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensilkmeymeI am not waving | sensilkmeyseyou are not waving | olsilkmeydihe is not waving | bizsilkmeybizwe are not waving | sizsilkmeysizyou all are not waving | alasilkmeydilethey are not waving |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensilkememi? silkemime?am I waving? | sensilkemise?are you waving? | olsilkemidi?is he waving? | bizsilkebizmi? silkemibiz?are we waving? | sizsilkemisiz?are you all waving? | alasilkemidile?are they waving? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensilkmeymemi? silkmeymime?aren't I waving? | sensilkmeymise?aren't you waving? | olsilkmeymidi?isn't he waving? | bizsilkmeybizmi? silkmeymibiz?aren't we waving? | sizsilkmeymisiz?aren't you all waving? | alasilkmeymidile?aren't they waving? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensilkiwçenmeI usually wave | sensilkiwçenseyou usually wave | olsilkiwçendihe usually waves | bizsilkiwçenbizwe usually wave | sizsilkiwçensizyou all usually wave | alasilkiwçendilethey usually wave |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensilkmewçenmeI usually don't wave | sensilkmewçenseyou usually don't wave | olsilkmewçendihe usually doesn't wave | bizsilkmewçenbizwe usually don't wave | sizsilkmewçensizyou all usually don't wave | alasilkmewçendilethey usually don't wave |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensilkiwçenmemi? silkiwçenmime?do I usually wave? | sensilkiwçenmise?do you usually wave? | olsilkiwçenmidi?does he usually wave? | bizsilkiwçenbizmi? silkiwçenmibiz?do we usually wave? | sizsilkiwçenmisiz?do you all usually wave? | alasilkiwçenmidile?do they usually wave? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensilkmewçenmemi? silkmewçenmime?do I usually not wave? | sensilkmewçenmise?do you usually not wave? | olsilkmewçenmidi?does he usually not wave? | bizsilkmewçenbizmi? silkmewçenmibiz?do we usually not wave? | sizsilkmewçenmisiz?do you all usually not wave? | alasilkmewçenmidile?do they usually not wave? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olsilkibdihe has waved and remains so | alasilkibdilethey have waved and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olsilkibmidi?has he waved? | alasilkibmidile?have they waved? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensilkib turamaI keep waving | sensilkib turasayou keep waving | olsilkib turadıhe keeps waving | bizsilkib turabızwe keep waving | sizsilkib turasızyou all keep waving | alasilkib turadılathey keep waving |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensilkib turmaymaI don't keep waving | sensilkib turmaysayou don't keep waving | olsilkib turmaydıhe doesn't keep waving | bizsilkib turmaybızwe don't keep waving | sizsilkib turmaysızyou all don't keep waving | alasilkib turmaydılathey don't keep waving |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensilkib turamamı? silkib turamıma?do I keep waving? | sensilkib turamısa?do you keep waving? | olsilkib turamıdı?does he keep waving? | bizsilkib turabızmı? silkib turamıbız?do we keep waving? | sizsilkib turamısız?do you all keep waving? | alasilkib turamıdıla?do they keep waving? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensilkib turmaymamı? silkib turmaymıma?don't I keep waving? | sensilkib turmaymısa?don't you keep waving? | olsilkib turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep waving? | bizsilkib turmaybızmı? silkib turmaymıbız?don't we keep waving? | sizsilkib turmaymısız?don't you all keep waving? | alasilkib turmaymıdıla?don't they keep waving? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensilke turamaI am in the middle of waving | sensilke turasayou are in the middle of waving | olsilke turadıhe is in the middle of waving | bizsilke turabızwe are in the middle of waving | sizsilke turasızyou all are in the middle of waving | alasilke turadılathey are in the middle of waving |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensilke turmaymaI am not in the middle of waving | sensilke turmaysayou are not in the middle of waving | olsilke turmaydıhe is not in the middle of waving | bizsilke turmaybızwe are not in the middle of waving | sizsilke turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of waving | alasilke turmaydılathey are not in the middle of waving |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensilke turamamı? silke turamıma?am I in the middle of waving? | sensilke turamısa?are you in the middle of waving? | olsilke turamıdı?is he in the middle of waving? | bizsilke turabızmı? silke turamıbız?are we in the middle of waving? | sizsilke turamısız?are you all in the middle of waving? | alasilke turamıdıla?are they in the middle of waving? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensilke turmaymamı? silke turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of waving? | sensilke turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of waving? | olsilke turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of waving? | bizsilke turmaybızmı? silke turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of waving? | sizsilke turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of waving? | alasilke turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of waving? |
| Simple past (definite) | mensilkdimI waved | sensilkdiŋyou waved | olsilkdihe waved | bizsilkdikwe waved | sizsilkdigizyou all waved | alasilkdilethey waved |
| Simple past (definite) | mensilkmedimI didn't wave | sensilkmediŋyou didn't wave | olsilkmedihe didn't wave | bizsilkmedikwe didn't wave | sizsilkmedigizyou all didn't wave | alasilkmedilethey didn't wave |
| Simple past (definite) | mensilkdimmi?did I wave? | sensilkdiŋmi?did you wave? | olsilkdimi?did he wave? | bizsilkdikmi?did we wave? | sizsilkdigizmi?did you all wave? | alasilkdilemi?did they wave? |
| Simple past (definite) | mensilkmedimmi?didn't I wave? | sensilkmediŋmi?didn't you wave? | olsilkmedimi?didn't he wave? | bizsilkmedikmi?didn't we wave? | sizsilkmedigizmi?didn't you all wave? | alasilkmedilemi?didn't they wave? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensilkgenmeI have waved | sensilkgenseyou have waved | olsilkgendihe has waved | bizsilkgenbizwe have waved | sizsilkgensizyou all have waved | alasilkgendilethey have waved |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensilkmegenmeI haven't waved | sensilkmegenseyou haven't waved | olsilkmegendihe hasn't waved | bizsilkmegenbizwe haven't waved | sizsilkmegensizyou all haven't waved | alasilkmegendilethey haven't waved |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensilkgenmemi? silkgenmime?have I waved? | sensilkgenmise?have you waved? | olsilkgenmidi?has he waved? | bizsilkgenbizmi? silkgenmibiz?have we waved? | sizsilkgenmisiz?have you all waved? | alasilkgenmidile?have they waved? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensilkmegenmemi? silkmegenmime?haven't I waved? | sensilkmegenmise?haven't you waved? | olsilkmegenmidi?hasn't he waved? | bizsilkmegenbizmi? silkmegenmibiz?haven't we waved? | sizsilkmegenmisiz?haven't you all waved? | alasilkmegenmidile?haven't they waved? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mensilkib turdumI kept waving | sensilkib turduŋyou kept waving | olsilkib turduhe kept waving | bizsilkib turduqwe kept waving | sizsilkib turduğuzyou all kept waving | alasilkib turdulathey kept waving |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mensilkib turmadımI didn't keep waving | sensilkib turmadıŋyou didn't keep waving | olsilkib turmadıhe didn't keep waving | bizsilkib turmadıqwe didn't keep waving | sizsilkib turmadığızyou all didn't keep waving | alasilkib turmadılathey didn't keep waving |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensilkermeI will wave | sensilkerseyou will wave | olsilkerhe will wave | bizsilkerbizwe will wave | sizsilkersizyou all will wave | alasilkerlethey will wave |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensilkmezmeI won't wave | sensilkmezseyou won't wave | olsilkmezhe won't wave | bizsilkmezbizwe won't wave | sizsilkmezsizyou all won't wave | alasilkmezlethey won't wave |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensilkermemi? silkermime?will I wave? | sensilkermise?will you wave? | olsilkermi?will he wave? | bizsilkerbizmi? silkermibiz?will we wave? | sizsilkermisiz?will you all wave? | alasilkerlemi? silkermile?will they wave? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensilkmezmemi? silkmezmime?won't I wave? | sensilkmezmise?won't you wave? | olsilkmezmi?won't he wave? | bizsilkmezbizmi? silkmezmibiz?won't we wave? | sizsilkmezmisiz?won't you all wave? | alasilkmezlemi? silkmezmile?won't they wave? |
| Definite future (future II) | mensilkerikmeI am going to wave | sensilkerikseyou are going to wave | olsilkerikdihe is going to wave | bizsilkerikbizwe are going to wave | sizsilkeriksizyou all are going to wave | alasilkerikdilethey are going to wave |
| Definite future (future II) | mensilkerik tülmeI am not going to wave | sensilkerik tülseyou are not going to wave | olsilkerik tüldühe is not going to wave | bizsilkerik tülbüzwe are not going to wave | sizsilkerik tülsüzyou all are not going to wave | alasilkerik tüldülethey are not going to wave |
| Definite future (future II) | mensilkerikmemi? silkerikmime?am I going to wave? | sensilkerikmise?are you going to wave? | olsilkerikmidi?is he going to wave? | bizsilkerikbizmi? silkerikmibiz?are we going to wave? | sizsilkerikmisiz?are you all going to wave? | alasilkerikmidile?are they going to wave? |
| Definite future (future II) | mensilkerik tülmüme?aren't I going to wave? | sensilkerik tülmüse?aren't you going to wave? | olsilkerik tülmüdü?isn't he going to wave? | bizsilkerik tülmübüz?aren't we going to wave? | sizsilkerik tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to wave? | alasilkerik tülmüdüle?aren't they going to wave? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mensilkgen edimsilkgenemI had waved | sensilkgen ediŋsilkgeneŋyou had waved | olsilkgen edisilkgenedhe had waved | bizsilkgen ediksilkgenekwe had waved | sizsilkgen edigizsilkgenegizyou all had waved | alasilkgen edilesilkgenellethey had waved |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mensilkmegen edimsilkmegenemI hadn't waved | sensilkmegen ediŋsilkmegeneŋyou hadn't waved | olsilkmegen edisilkmegenedhe hadn't waved | bizsilkmegen ediksilkmegenekwe hadn't waved | sizsilkmegen edigizsilkmegenegizyou all hadn't waved | alasilkmegen edilesilkmegenellethey hadn't waved |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mensilke edimsilkemI was waving | sensilke ediŋsilkeŋyou were waving | olsilke edisilkedhe was waving | bizsilke ediksilkekwe were waving | sizsilke edigizsilkegizyou all were waving | alasilke edilesilkellethey were waving |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mensilkmey edimsilkmeyemI wasn't waving | sensilkmey ediŋsilkmeyeŋyou weren't waving | olsilkmey edisilkmeyedhe wasn't waving | bizsilkmey ediksilkmeyekwe weren't waving | sizsilkmey edigizsilkmeyegizyou all weren't waving | alasilkmey edilesilkmeyellethey weren't waving |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | mensilkiwçen edimsilkiwçenemI used to wave | sensilkiwçen ediŋsilkiwçeneŋyou used to wave | olsilkiwçen edisilkiwçenedhe used to wave | bizsilkiwçen ediksilkiwçenekwe used to wave | sizsilkiwçen edigizsilkiwçenegizyou all used to wave | alasilkiwçen edilesilkiwçenellethey used to wave |
| Habitual past (used to) | mensilkmewçen edimsilkmewçenemI didn't use to wave | sensilkmewçen ediŋsilkmewçeneŋyou didn't use to wave | olsilkmewçen edisilkmewçenedhe didn't use to wave | bizsilkmewçen ediksilkmewçenekwe didn't use to wave | sizsilkmewçen edigizsilkmewçenegizyou all didn't use to wave | alasilkmewçen edilesilkmewçenellethey didn't use to wave |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olsilkib edihe had waved and remained so | alasilkib edilethey had waved and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olsilkib tül edihe hadn't waved | alasilkib tül edilethey hadn't waved | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mensilkib tura edimsilkib turaemI had kept waving | sensilkib tura ediŋsilkib turaeŋyou had kept waving | olsilkib tura edisilkib turaedhe had kept waving | bizsilkib tura ediksilkib turaekwe had kept waving | sizsilkib tura edigizsilkib turaegizyou all had kept waving | alasilkib tura edilesilkib turaellethey had kept waving |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mensilkib turmay edimsilkib turmayemI hadn't kept waving | sensilkib turmay ediŋsilkib turmayeŋyou hadn't kept waving | olsilkib turmay edisilkib turmayedhe hadn't kept waving | bizsilkib turmay ediksilkib turmayekwe hadn't kept waving | sizsilkib turmay edigizsilkib turmayegizyou all hadn't kept waving | alasilkib turmay edilesilkib turmayellethey hadn't kept waving |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mensilke tura edimsilke turaemI was in the middle of waving | sensilke tura ediŋsilke turaeŋyou were in the middle of waving | olsilke tura edisilke turaedhe was in the middle of waving | bizsilke tura ediksilke turaekwe were in the middle of waving | sizsilke tura edigizsilke turaegizyou all were in the middle of waving | alasilke tura edilesilke turaellethey were in the middle of waving |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mensilke turmay edimsilke turmayemI wasn't in the middle of waving | sensilke turmay ediŋsilke turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of waving | olsilke turmay edisilke turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of waving | bizsilke turmay ediksilke turmayekwe weren't in the middle of waving | sizsilke turmay edigizsilke turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of waving | alasilke turmay edilesilke turmayellethey weren't in the middle of waving |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | mensilker edimsilker emI would wave | sensilker ediŋsilker eŋyou would wave | olsilker edisilker edhe would wave | bizsilker ediksilker ekwe would wave | sizsilker edigizsilker egizyou all would wave | alasilker edilesilker ellethey would wave |
| Conditional result (would) | mensilkmez edimsilkmez emI wouldn't wave | sensilkmez ediŋsilkmez eŋyou wouldn't wave | olsilkmez edisilkmez edhe wouldn't wave | bizsilkmez ediksilkmez ekwe wouldn't wave | sizsilkmez edigizsilkmez egizyou all wouldn't wave | alasilkmez edilesilkmez ellethey wouldn't wave |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | mensilkerik edimsilkerik emI would have waved | sensilkerik ediŋsilkerik eŋyou would have waved | olsilkerik edisilkerik edhe would have waved | bizsilkerik ediksilkerik ekwe would have waved | sizsilkerik edigizsilkerik egizyou all would have waved | alasilkerik edilesilkerik ellethey would have waved |
| Past conditional result (would have) | mensilkerik tül edimsilkerik tül emI wouldn't have waved | sensilkerik tül ediŋsilkerik tül eŋyou wouldn't have waved | olsilkerik tül edisilkerik tül edhe wouldn't have waved | bizsilkerik tül ediksilkerik tül ekwe wouldn't have waved | sizsilkerik tül edigizsilkerik tül egizyou all wouldn't have waved | alasilkerik tül edilesilkerik tül ellethey wouldn't have waved |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | mensilksemif I wave | sensilkseŋif you wave | olsilkseif he waves | bizsilksekif we wave | sizsilksegizif you all wave | alasilkseleif they wave |
| Conditional | mensilkmesemif I don't wave | sensilkmeseŋif you don't wave | olsilkmeseif he doesn't wave | bizsilkmesekif we don't wave | sizsilkmesegizif you all don't wave | alasilkmeseleif they don't wave |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | mensilke esemif I am waving | sensilke eseŋif you are waving | olsilke eseif he is waving | bizsilke esekif we are waving | sizsilke esegizif you all are waving | alasilke eseleif they are waving |
| Conditional, present real | mensilkmey esemif I am not waving | sensilkmey eseŋif you are not waving | olsilkmey eseif he is not waving | bizsilkmey esekif we are not waving | sizsilkmey esegizif you all are not waving | alasilkmey eseleif they are not waving |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mensilksem edisilksem edif only I waved | sensilkseŋ edisilkseŋ edif only you waved | olsilkse edisilksedif only he waved | bizsilksek edisilksek edif only we waved | sizsilksegiz edisilksegiz edif only you all waved | alasilksele edisilkseledif only they waved |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mensilkmesem edisilkmesem edif only I didn't wave | sensilkmeseŋ edisilkmeseŋ edif only you didn't wave | olsilkmese edisilkmesedif only he didn't wave | bizsilkmesek edisilkmesek edif only we didn't wave | sizsilkmesegiz edisilkmesegiz edif only you all didn't wave | alasilkmesele edisilkmeseledif only they didn't wave |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | mensilkib tursamif I carry on waving | sensilkib tursaŋif you carry on waving | olsilkib tursaif he carries on waving | bizsilkib tursaqif we carry on waving | sizsilkib tursağızif you all carry on waving | alasilkib tursalaif they carry on waving |
| Durative conditional | mensilkib turmasamif I don't carry on waving | sensilkib turmasaŋif you don't carry on waving | olsilkib turmasaif he doesn't carry on waving | bizsilkib turmasaqif we don't carry on waving | sizsilkib turmasağızif you all don't carry on waving | alasilkib turmasalaif they don't carry on waving |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | mensilkib tura esemif I have kept waving | sensilkib tura eseŋif you have kept waving | olsilkib tura eseif he has kept waving | bizsilkib tura esekif we have kept waving | sizsilkib tura esegizif you all have kept waving | alasilkib tura eseleif they have kept waving |
| Durative conditional, present real | mensilkib turmay esemif I haven't kept waving | sensilkib turmay eseŋif you haven't kept waving | olsilkib turmay eseif he hasn't kept waving | bizsilkib turmay esekif we haven't kept waving | sizsilkib turmay esegizif you all haven't kept waving | alasilkib turmay eseleif they haven't kept waving |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | mensilke tursamif I keep waving | sensilke tursaŋif you keep waving | olsilke tursaif he keeps waving | bizsilke tursaqif we keep waving | sizsilke tursağızif you all keep waving | alasilke tursalaif they keep waving |
| Progressive conditional | mensilkmey tursamif I keep on not waving | sensilkmey tursaŋif you keep on not waving | olsilkmey tursaif he keeps on not waving | bizsilkmey tursaqif we keep on not waving | sizsilkmey tursağızif you all keep on not waving | alasilkmey tursalaif they keep on not waving |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | mensilke tura esemif I am in the middle of waving | sensilke tura eseŋif you are in the middle of waving | olsilke tura eseif he is in the middle of waving | bizsilke tura esekif we are in the middle of waving | sizsilke tura esegizif you all are in the middle of waving | alasilke tura eseleif they are in the middle of waving |
| Progressive conditional, present real | mensilkmey tura esemif I keep on not waving | sensilkmey tura eseŋif you keep on not waving | olsilkmey tura eseif he keeps on not waving | bizsilkmey tura esekif we keep on not waving | sizsilkmey tura esegizif you all keep on not waving | alasilkmey tura eseleif they keep on not waving |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | mensilkdim esemif I waved | sensilkdiŋ eseŋif you waved | olsilkdi eseif he waved | bizsilkdik esekif we waved | sizsilkdigiz esegizif you all waved | alasilkdile eseleif they waved |
| Conditional, definite past1 | mensilkmedim esemif I didn't wave | sensilkmediŋ eseŋif you didn't wave | olsilkmedi eseif he didn't wave | bizsilkmedik esekif we didn't wave | sizsilkmedigiz esegizif you all didn't wave | alasilkmedile eseleif they didn't wave |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | mensilkgen esemif I did wave (indeed) | sensilkgen eseŋif you did wave (indeed) | olsilkgen eseif he did wave (indeed) | bizsilkgen esekif we did wave (indeed) | sizsilkgen esegizif you all did wave (indeed) | alasilkgen eseleif they did wave (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | mensilkmegen esemif I didn't wave (indeed) | sensilkmegen eseŋif you didn't wave (indeed) | olsilkmegen eseif he didn't wave (indeed) | bizsilkmegen esekif we didn't wave (indeed) | sizsilkmegen esegizif you all didn't wave (indeed) | alasilkmegen eseleif they didn't wave (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | mensilkgen bolsamif I had waved | sensilkgen bolsaŋif you had waved | olsilkgen bolsaif he had waved | bizsilkgen bolsaqif we had waved | sizsilkgen bolsağızif you all had waved | alasilkgen bolsalaif they had waved |
| Conditional, counterfactual | mensilkmegen bolsamif I hadn't waved | sensilkmegen bolsaŋif you hadn't waved | olsilkmegen bolsaif he hadn't waved | bizsilkmegen bolsaqif we hadn't waved | sizsilkmegen bolsağızif you all hadn't waved | alasilkmegen bolsalaif they hadn't waved |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mensilkgen bolsam edisilkgen bolsam edif only I had waved | sensilkgen bolsaŋ edisilkgen bolsaŋ edif only you had waved | olsilkgen bolsa edisilkgen bolsaedif only he had waved | bizsilkgen bolsaq edisilkgen bolsaq edif only we had waved | sizsilkgen bolsağız edisilkgen bolsağız edif only you all had waved | alasilkgen bolsala edisilkgen bolsalaedif only they had waved |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mensilkmegen bolsam edisilkmegen bolsam edif only I hadn't waved | sensilkmegen bolsaŋ edisilkmegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't waved | olsilkmegen bolsa edisilkmegen bolsaedif only he hadn't waved | bizsilkmegen bolsaq edisilkmegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't waved | sizsilkmegen bolsağız edisilkmegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't waved | alasilkmegen bolsala edisilkmegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't waved |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | mensilker esemif I will wave | sensilker eseŋif you will wave | olsilker eseif he will wave | bizsilker esekif we will wave | sizsilker esegizif you all will wave | alasilker eseleif they will wave |
| Conditional, aorist | mensilkmez esemif I won't wave | sensilkmez eseŋif you won't wave | olsilkmez eseif he won't wave | bizsilkmez esekif we won't wave | sizsilkmez esegizif you all won't wave | alasilkmez eseleif they won't wave |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | mensilkerik esemif I am going to wave | sensilkerik eseŋif you are going to wave | olsilkerik eseif he is going to wave | bizsilkerik esekif we are going to wave | sizsilkerik esegizif you all are going to wave | alasilkerik eseleif they are going to wave |
| Conditional, future | mensilkerik tül esemif I am not going to wave | sensilkerik tül eseŋif you are not going to wave | olsilkerik tül eseif he is not going to wave | bizsilkerik tül esekif we are not going to wave | sizsilkerik tül esegizif you all are not going to wave | alasilkerik tül eseleif they are not going to wave |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mensilkerik bolsamif I were going to wave | sensilkerik bolsaŋif you were going to wave | olsilkerik bolsaif he were going to wave | bizsilkerik bolsaqif we were going to wave | sizsilkerik bolsağızif you all were going to wave | alasilkerik bolsalaif they were going to wave |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mensilkmezlik bolsamif I were not going to wave | sensilkmezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to wave | olsilkmezlik bolsaif he were not going to wave | bizsilkmezlik bolsaqif we were not going to wave | sizsilkmezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to wave | alasilkmezlik bolsalaif they were not going to wave |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso silkdiŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mensilke bolurmaI must be waving | sensilke bolursayou must be waving | olsilke bolurhe must be waving | bizsilke bolurbuzwe must be waving | sizsilke bolursuzyou all must be waving | alasilke bolurlathey must be waving |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mensilkmey bolurmaI must not be waving | sensilkmey bolursayou must not be waving | olsilkmey bolurhe must not be waving | bizsilkmey bolurbuzwe must not be waving | sizsilkmey bolursuzyou all must not be waving | alasilkmey bolurlathey must not be waving |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mensilke tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of waving | sensilke tura bolursayou must be in the middle of waving | olsilke tura bolurhe must be in the middle of waving | bizsilke tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of waving | sizsilke tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of waving | alasilke tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of waving |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mensilkmey tura bolurmaI must keep on not waving | sensilkmey tura bolursayou must keep on not waving | olsilkmey tura bolurhe must keep on not waving | bizsilkmey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not waving | sizsilkmey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not waving | alasilkmey tura bolurlathey must keep on not waving |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | mensilkgen bolurmaI must have waved | sensilkgen bolursayou must have waved | olsilkgen bolurhe must have waved | bizsilkgen bolurbuzwe must have waved | sizsilkgen bolursuzyou all must have waved | alasilkgen bolurlathey must have waved |
| Inference (must have) | mensilkmegen bolurmaI must not have waved | sensilkmegen bolursayou must not have waved | olsilkmegen bolurhe must not have waved | bizsilkmegen bolurbuzwe must not have waved | sizsilkmegen bolursuzyou all must not have waved | alasilkmegen bolurlathey must not have waved |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mensilkerik bolurmaI must be going to wave | sensilkerik bolursayou must be going to wave | olsilkerik bolurhe must be going to wave | bizsilkerik bolurbuzwe must be going to wave | sizsilkerik bolursuzyou all must be going to wave | alasilkerik bolurlathey must be going to wave |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mensilkmezlik bolurmaI must not be going to wave | sensilkmezlik bolursayou must not be going to wave | olsilkmezlik bolurhe must not be going to wave | bizsilkmezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to wave | sizsilkmezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to wave | alasilkmezlik bolurlathey must not be going to wave |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | mensilkeyimlet me wave | sensilk!wave! | olsilksinlet him wave | bizsilkeyiklet's wave | sizsilkigiz!wave, you all! | alasilksinlelet them wave |
| Commands & suggestions | mensilkmeyimlet me not wave | sensilkme!don't wave! | olsilkmesinlet him not wave | bizsilkmeyiklet's not wave | sizsilkmegiz!don't wave, you all! | alasilkmesinlelet them not wave |
| Commands & suggestions | mensilkeyimmi?shall I wave? | olsilksinmi?should he wave? | bizsilkeyikmi?shall we wave? | alasilksinlemi?should they wave? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | mensilkmeyimmi?shall I not wave? | olsilkmesinmi?should he not wave? | bizsilkmeyikmi?shall we not wave? | alasilkmesinlemi?should they not wave? | ||
| Requests | sensilkçi2silkçinplease wave | olsilksinçido let him wave | sizsilkçigizplease wave (plural/polite) | alasilksinleçido let them wave | ||
| Requests | sensilkmeçi2silkmeçinplease don't wave | olsilkmesinçido let him not wave | sizsilkmeçigizplease don't wave (plural/polite) | alasilkmesinleçido let them not wave | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sensilkginsilkgimay you wave | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sensilkmeginsilkmegimay you not wave | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mensilkgey edim silkge edimwould that I waved | sensilkgey ediŋ silkge ediŋwould that you waved | olsilkgey edi silkge ediwould that he waved | bizsilkgey edik silkge edikwould that we waved | sizsilkgey edigiz silkge edigizwould that you all waved | alasilkgey edile silkge edilewould that they waved |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mensilkmegey edim silkmege edimwould that I did not wave | sensilkmegey ediŋ silkmege ediŋwould that you did not wave | olsilkmegey edi silkmege ediwould that he did not wave | bizsilkmegey edik silkmege edikwould that we did not wave | sizsilkmegey edigiz silkmege edigizwould that you all did not wave | alasilkmegey edile silkmege edilewould that they did not wave |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | mensilkmege qoyayımsilkme qoyayımlet me allow someone to wave | sensilkmege qoy!silkme qoy!let someone wave! | olsilkmege qoysunsilkme qoysunlet him allow someone to wave | bizsilkmege qoyayıqsilkme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to wave | sizsilkmege qoyuğuz!silkme qoyuğuz!let someone wave, you all! | alasilkmege qoysunlasilkme qoysunlalet them allow someone to wave |
| Let someone… (commands) | mensilkmege qoymayımsilkme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to wave | sensilkmege qoyma!silkme qoyma!don't let someone wave! | olsilkmege qoymasınsilkme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to wave | bizsilkmege qoymayıqsilkme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to wave | sizsilkmege qoymağız!silkme qoymağız!don't let someone wave, you all! | alasilkmege qoymasınlasilkme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to wave |
| Let someone… (commands) | mensilkmege qoyayımmı?silkme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to wave? | olsilkmege qoysunmu?silkme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to wave? | bizsilkmege qoyayıqmı?silkme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to wave? | alasilkmege qoysunlamı?silkme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to wave? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | mensilkmege qoymayımmı?silkme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to wave? | olsilkmege qoymasınmı?silkme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to wave? | bizsilkmege qoymayıqmı?silkme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to wave? | alasilkmege qoymasınlamı?silkme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to wave? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | mensilkmege qoyamasilkme qoyamaI allow someone to wave | sensilkmege qoyasasilkme qoyasayou allow someone to wave | olsilkmege qoyadısilkme qoyadıhe allows someone to wave | bizsilkmege qoyabızsilkme qoyabızwe allow someone to wave | sizsilkmege qoyasızsilkme qoyasızyou all allow someone to wave | alasilkmege qoyadılasilkme qoyadılathey allow someone to wave |
| Let someone… (present) | mensilkmege qoymaymasilkme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to wave | sensilkmege qoymaysasilkme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to wave | olsilkmege qoymaydısilkme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to wave | bizsilkmege qoymaybızsilkme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to wave | sizsilkmege qoymaysızsilkme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to wave | alasilkmege qoymaydılasilkme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to wave |
| Let someone… (present) | mensilkmege qoyamamı?silkme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to wave? | sensilkmege qoyamısa?silkme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to wave? | olsilkmege qoyamıdı?silkme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to wave? | bizsilkmege qoyabızmı?silkme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to wave? | sizsilkmege qoyamısız?silkme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to wave? | alasilkmege qoyamıdıla?silkme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to wave? |
| Let someone… (present) | mensilkmege qoymaymamı?silkme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to wave? | sensilkmege qoymaymısa?silkme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to wave? | olsilkmege qoymaymıdı?silkme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to wave? | bizsilkmege qoymaybızmı?silkme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to wave? | sizsilkmege qoymaymısız?silkme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to wave? | alasilkmege qoymaymıdıla?silkme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to wave? |
| Let someone… (past) | mensilkmege qoydumsilkme qoydumI allowed someone to wave | sensilkmege qoyduŋsilkme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to wave | olsilkmege qoydusilkme qoyduhe allowed someone to wave | bizsilkmege qoyduqsilkme qoyduqwe allowed someone to wave | sizsilkmege qoyduğuzsilkme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to wave | alasilkmege qoydulasilkme qoydulathey allowed someone to wave |
| Let someone… (past) | mensilkmege qoymadımsilkme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to wave | sensilkmege qoymadıŋsilkme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to wave | olsilkmege qoymadısilkme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to wave | bizsilkmege qoymadıqsilkme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to wave | sizsilkmege qoymadığızsilkme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to wave | alasilkmege qoymadılasilkme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to wave |
| Let someone… (past) | mensilkmege qoydummu?silkme qoydummu?did I allow someone to wave? | sensilkmege qoyduŋmu?silkme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to wave? | olsilkmege qoydumu?silkme qoydumu?did he allow someone to wave? | bizsilkmege qoyduqmu?silkme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to wave? | sizsilkmege qoyduğuzmu?silkme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to wave? | alasilkmege qoydulamı?silkme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to wave? |
| Let someone… (past) | mensilkmege qoymadımmı?silkme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to wave? | sensilkmege qoymadıŋmı?silkme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to wave? | olsilkmege qoymadımı?silkme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to wave? | bizsilkmege qoymadıqmı?silkme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to wave? | sizsilkmege qoymadığızmı?silkme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to wave? | alasilkmege qoymadılamı?silkme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to wave? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | mensilkalamaI can wave | sensilkalasayou can wave | olsilkaladıhe can wave | bizsilkalabızwe can wave | sizsilkalasızyou all can wave | alasilkaladılathey can wave |
| Ability — present | mensilkalmaymaI can't wave | sensilkalmaysayou can't wave | olsilkalmaydıhe can't wave | bizsilkalmaybızwe can't wave | sizsilkalmaysızyou all can't wave | alasilkalmaydılathey can't wave |
| Ability — present | mensilkalamamı? silkalamıma?can I wave? | sensilkalamısa?can you wave? | olsilkalamıdı?can he wave? | bizsilkalabızmı? silkalamıbız?can we wave? | sizsilkalamısız?can you all wave? | alasilkalamıdıla?can they wave? |
| Ability — present | mensilkalmaymamı? silkalmaymıma?can't I wave? | sensilkalmaymısa?can't you wave? | olsilkalmaymıdı?can't he wave? | bizsilkalmaybızmı? silkalmaymıbız?can't we wave? | sizsilkalmaymısız?can't you all wave? | alasilkalmaymıdıla?can't they wave? |
| Ability — if I can… | mensilkalsamif I can wave | sensilkalsaŋif you can wave | olsilkalsaif he can wave | bizsilkalsaqif we can wave | sizsilkalsağızif you all can wave | alasilkalsalaif they can wave |
| Ability — if I can… | mensilkalmasamif I can't wave | sensilkalmasaŋif you can't wave | olsilkalmasaif he can't wave | bizsilkalmasaqif we can't wave | sizsilkalmasağızif you all can't wave | alasilkalmasalaif they can't wave |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | mensilkaldımI was able to wave | sensilkaldıŋyou were able to wave | olsilkaldıhe was able to wave | bizsilkaldıqwe were able to wave | sizsilkaldığızyou all were able to wave | alasilkaldılathey were able to wave |
| Ability — simple past | mensilkalmadımI could not wave | sensilkalmadıŋyou could not wave | olsilkalmadıhe could not wave | bizsilkalmadıqwe could not wave | sizsilkalmadığızyou all could not wave | alasilkalmadılathey could not wave |
| Ability — simple past | mensilkaldımmı?was I able to wave? | sensilkaldıŋmı?were you able to wave? | olsilkaldımı?was he able to wave? | bizsilkaldıqmı?were we able to wave? | sizsilkaldığızmı?were you all able to wave? | alasilkaldılamı?were they able to wave? |
| Ability — simple past | mensilkalmadımmı?couldn't I wave? | sensilkalmadıŋmı?couldn't you wave? | olsilkalmadımı?couldn't he wave? | bizsilkalmadıqmı?couldn't we wave? | sizsilkalmadığızmı?couldn't you all wave? | alasilkalmadılamı?couldn't they wave? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensilkalğanmaI have been able to wave | sensilkalğansayou have been able to wave | olsilkalğandıhe has been able to wave | bizsilkalğanbızwe have been able to wave | sizsilkalğansızyou all have been able to wave | alasilkalğandılathey have been able to wave |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensilkalmağanmaI haven't been able to wave | sensilkalmağansayou haven't been able to wave | olsilkalmağandıhe hasn't been able to wave | bizsilkalmağanbızwe haven't been able to wave | sizsilkalmağansızyou all haven't been able to wave | alasilkalmağandılathey haven't been able to wave |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensilkalğanmamı? silkalğanmıma?have I been able to wave? | sensilkalğanmısa?have you been able to wave? | olsilkalğanmıdı?has he been able to wave? | bizsilkalğanbızmı? silkalğanmıbız?have we been able to wave? | sizsilkalğanmısız?have you all been able to wave? | alasilkalğanmıdıla?have they been able to wave? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensilkalmağanmamı? silkalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to wave? | sensilkalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to wave? | olsilkalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to wave? | bizsilkalmağanbızmı? silkalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to wave? | sizsilkalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to wave? | alasilkalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to wave? |
| Ability — past perfect | mensilkalğan edimsilkalğanemI had been able to wave | sensilkalğan ediŋsilkalğaneŋyou had been able to wave | olsilkalğan edisilkalğanedhe had been able to wave | bizsilkalğan ediksilkalğanekwe had been able to wave | sizsilkalğan edigizsilkalğanegizyou all had been able to wave | alasilkalğan edilesilkalğanellethey had been able to wave |
| Ability — past perfect | mensilkalmağan edimsilkalmağanemI hadn't been able to wave | sensilkalmağan ediŋsilkalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to wave | olsilkalmağan edisilkalmağanedhe hadn't been able to wave | bizsilkalmağan ediksilkalmağanekwe hadn't been able to wave | sizsilkalmağan edigizsilkalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to wave | alasilkalmağan edilesilkalmağanellethey hadn't been able to wave |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | mensilkala edimsilkalaemI could wave | sensilkala ediŋsilkalaeŋyou could wave | olsilkala edisilkalaedhe could wave | bizsilkala ediksilkalaekwe could wave | sizsilkala edigizsilkalaegizyou all could wave | alasilkala edilesilkalaellethey could wave |
| Ability — past background | mensilkalmay edimsilkalmayemI could not wave | sensilkalmay ediŋsilkalmayeŋyou could not wave | olsilkalmay edisilkalmayedhe could not wave | bizsilkalmay ediksilkalmayekwe could not wave | sizsilkalmay edigizsilkalmayegizyou all could not wave | alasilkalmay edilesilkalmayellethey could not wave |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | mensilkalırmaI will be able to wave | sensilkalırsayou will be able to wave | olsilkalırhe will be able to wave | bizsilkalırbızwe will be able to wave | sizsilkalırsızyou all will be able to wave | alasilkalırlathey will be able to wave |
| Ability — future I | mensilkalmazmaI won't be able to wave | sensilkalmazsayou won't be able to wave | olsilkalmazhe won't be able to wave | bizsilkalmazbızwe won't be able to wave | sizsilkalmazsızyou all won't be able to wave | alasilkalmazlathey won't be able to wave |
| Ability — future I | mensilkalırmamı? silkalırmıma?will I be able to wave? | sensilkalırmısa?will you be able to wave? | olsilkalırmı?will he be able to wave? | bizsilkalırbızmı? silkalırmıbız?will we be able to wave? | sizsilkalırmısız?will you all be able to wave? | alasilkalırlamı? silkalırmıla?will they be able to wave? |
| Ability — future I | mensilkalmazmamı? silkalmazmıma?won't I be able to wave? | sensilkalmazmısa?won't you be able to wave? | olsilkalmazmı?won't he be able to wave? | bizsilkalmazbızmı? silkalmazmıbız?won't we be able to wave? | sizsilkalmazmısız?won't you all be able to wave? | alasilkalmazlamı? silkalmazmıla?won't they be able to wave? |
| Ability — future II | mensilkallıqmaI am going to be able to wave | sensilkallıqsayou are going to be able to wave | olsilkallıqdıhe is going to be able to wave | bizsilkallıqbızwe are going to be able to wave | sizsilkallıqsızyou all are going to be able to wave | alasilkallıqdılathey are going to be able to wave |
| Ability — future II | mensilkallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to wave | sensilkallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to wave | olsilkallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to wave | bizsilkallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to wave | sizsilkallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to wave | alasilkallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to wave |
| Ability — future II | mensilkallıqmamı? silkallıqmıma?am I going to be able to wave? | sensilkallıqmısa?are you going to be able to wave? | olsilkallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to wave? | bizsilkallıqbızmı? silkallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to wave? | sizsilkallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to wave? | alasilkallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to wave? |
| Ability — future II | mensilkallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to wave? | sensilkallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to wave? | olsilkallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to wave? | bizsilkallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to wave? | sizsilkallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to wave? | alasilkallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to wave? |
| Ability — would be able to… | mensilkalır edimsilkalır emI would be able to wave | sensilkalır ediŋsilkalır eŋyou would be able to wave | olsilkalır edisilkalır edhe would be able to wave | bizsilkalır ediksilkalır ekwe would be able to wave | sizsilkalır edigizsilkalır egizyou all would be able to wave | alasilkalır edilesilkalır ellethey would be able to wave |
| Ability — would be able to… | mensilkalmaz edimsilkalmaz emI wouldn't be able to wave | sensilkalmaz ediŋsilkalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to wave | olsilkalmaz edisilkalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to wave | bizsilkalmaz ediksilkalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to wave | sizsilkalmaz edigizsilkalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to wave | alasilkalmaz edilesilkalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to wave |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sensilkalğınsilkalğımay you be able to wave | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sensilkalmağınsilkalmağımay you not be able to wave | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | mensilkerge izleymeI want to wave | sensilkerge izleyseyou want to wave | olsilkerge izleydihe wants to wave | bizsilkerge izleybizwe want to wave | sizsilkerge izleysizyou all want to wave | alasilkerge izleydilethey want to wave |
| want to | mensilkerge izlemeymeI do not want to wave | sensilkerge izlemeyseyou do not want to wave | olsilkerge izlemeydihe does not want to wave | bizsilkerge izlemeybizwe do not want to wave | sizsilkerge izlemeysizyou all do not want to wave | alasilkerge izlemeydilethey do not want to wave |
| would like to | mensilkerge süemeI would like to wave | sensilkerge süeseyou would like to wave | olsilkerge süedihe would like to wave | bizsilkerge süebizwe would like to wave | sizsilkerge süesizyou all would like to wave | alasilkerge süedilethey would like to wave |
| would like to | mensilkerge süymeymeI would not like to wave | sensilkerge süymeyseyou would not like to wave | olsilkerge süymeydihe would not like to wave | bizsilkerge süymeybizwe would not like to wave | sizsilkerge süymeysizyou all would not like to wave | alasilkerge süymeydilethey would not like to wave |
| hope to | mensilkerge umutlanamaI hope to wave | sensilkerge umutlanasayou hope to wave | olsilkerge umutlanadıhe hopes to wave | bizsilkerge umutlanabızwe hope to wave | sizsilkerge umutlanasızyou all hope to wave | alasilkerge umutlanadılathey hope to wave |
| hope to | mensilkerge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to wave | sensilkerge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to wave | olsilkerge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to wave | bizsilkerge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to wave | sizsilkerge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to wave | alasilkerge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to wave |
| be about to | mensilkerge deb turamaI am about to wave | sensilkerge deb turasayou are about to wave | olsilkerge deb turadıhe is about to wave | bizsilkerge deb turabızwe are about to wave | sizsilkerge deb turasızyou all are about to wave | alasilkerge deb turadılathey are about to wave |
| be about to | mensilkerge deb turmaymaI am not about to wave | sensilkerge deb turmaysayou are not about to wave | olsilkerge deb turmaydıhe is not about to wave | bizsilkerge deb turmaybızwe are not about to wave | sizsilkerge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to wave | alasilkerge deb turmaydılathey are not about to wave |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | mensilkerge kerekmeI need to wave | sensilkerge kerekseyou need to wave | olsilkerge kerekdihe needs to wave | bizsilkerge kerekbizwe need to wave | sizsilkerge kereksizyou all need to wave | alasilkerge kerekdilethey need to wave |
| need to | mensilkerge kerek tülmeI do not need to wave | sensilkerge kerek tülseyou do not need to wave | olsilkerge kerek tüldühe does not need to wave | bizsilkerge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to wave | sizsilkerge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to wave | alasilkerge kerek tüldülethey do not need to wave |
| have to | menmenŋe silkerge tüşediI have to wave | sensenŋe silkerge tüşediyou have to wave | olaŋa silkerge tüşedihe has to wave | bizbizge silkerge tüşediwe have to wave | sizsizge silkerge tüşediyou all have to wave | alaalağa silkerge tüşedithey have to wave |
| have to | menmenŋe silkerge tüşmeydiI do not have to wave | sensenŋe silkerge tüşmeydiyou do not have to wave | olaŋa silkerge tüşmeydihe does not have to wave | bizbizge silkerge tüşmeydiwe do not have to wave | sizsizge silkerge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to wave | alaalağa silkerge tüşmeydithey do not have to wave |
| be obliged to | mensilkerge borçlumaI am obliged to wave | sensilkerge borçlusayou are obliged to wave | olsilkerge borçluduhe is obliged to wave | bizsilkerge borçlubuzwe are obliged to wave | sizsilkerge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to wave | alasilkerge borçludulathey are obliged to wave |
| be obliged to | mensilkerge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to wave | sensilkerge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to wave | olsilkerge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to wave | bizsilkerge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to wave | sizsilkerge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to wave | alasilkerge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to wave |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | mensilkerge madarım bardıI have a way to wave | sensilkerge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to wave | olsilkerge madarı bardıhe has a way to wave | bizsilkerge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to wave | sizsilkerge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to wave | alasilkerge madarları bardıthey have a way to wave |
| have a way to | mensilkerge madarım joqduI have no way to wave | sensilkerge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to wave | olsilkerge madarı joqduhe has no way to wave | bizsilkerge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to wave | sizsilkerge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to wave | alasilkerge madarları joqduthey have no way to wave |
| be free to | mensilkerge erkinligim bardıI am free to wave | sensilkerge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to wave | olsilkerge erkinligi bardıhe is free to wave | bizsilkerge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to wave | sizsilkerge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to wave | alasilkerge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to wave |
| be free to | mensilkerge erkinligim joqduI am not free to wave | sensilkerge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to wave | olsilkerge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to wave | bizsilkerge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to wave | sizsilkerge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to wave | alasilkerge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to wave |
| be possible to | menmenŋe silkerge bolluqduit is possible for me to wave | sensenŋe silkerge bolluqduit is possible for you to wave | olaŋa silkerge bolluqduit is possible for him to wave | bizbizge silkerge bolluqduit is possible for us to wave | sizsizge silkerge bolluqduit is possible for you all to wave | alaalağa silkerge bolluqduit is possible for them to wave |
| be possible to | menmenŋe silkerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to wave | sensenŋe silkerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to wave | olaŋa silkerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to wave | bizbizge silkerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to wave | sizsizge silkerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to wave | alaalağa silkerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to wave |
| be ready to | mensilkerge hazırmaI am ready to wave | sensilkerge hazırsayou are ready to wave | olsilkerge hazırdıhe is ready to wave | bizsilkerge hazırbızwe are ready to wave | sizsilkerge hazırsızyou all are ready to wave | alasilkerge hazırdılathey are ready to wave |
| be ready to | mensilkerge hazır tülmeI am not ready to wave | sensilkerge hazır tülseyou are not ready to wave | olsilkerge hazır tüldühe is not ready to wave | bizsilkerge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to wave | sizsilkerge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to wave | alasilkerge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to wave |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | mensilkerge küreşemeI am trying to wave | sensilkerge küreşeseyou are trying to wave | olsilkerge küreşedihe is trying to wave | bizsilkerge küreşebizwe are trying to wave | sizsilkerge küreşesizyou all are trying to wave | alasilkerge küreşedilethey are trying to wave |
| try to | mensilkerge küreşmeymeI am not trying to wave | sensilkerge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to wave | olsilkerge küreşmeydihe is not trying to wave | bizsilkerge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to wave | sizsilkerge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to wave | alasilkerge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to wave |
| agree to | mensilkerge unaymaI agree to wave | sensilkerge unaysayou agree to wave | olsilkerge unaydıhe agrees to wave | bizsilkerge unaybızwe agree to wave | sizsilkerge unaysızyou all agree to wave | alasilkerge unaydılathey agree to wave |
| agree to | mensilkerge unamaymaI refuse to wave | sensilkerge unamaysayou refuse to wave | olsilkerge unamaydıhe refuses to wave | bizsilkerge unamaybızwe refuse to wave | sizsilkerge unamaysızyou all refuse to wave | alasilkerge unamaydılathey refuse to wave |
| hurry to | mensilkerge aşığamaI am in a hurry to wave | sensilkerge aşığasayou are in a hurry to wave | olsilkerge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to wave | bizsilkerge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to wave | sizsilkerge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to wave | alasilkerge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to wave |
| hurry to | mensilkerge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to wave | sensilkerge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to wave | olsilkerge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to wave | bizsilkerge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to wave | sizsilkerge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to wave | alasilkerge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to wave |
| be afraid to | mensilkerge qorqamaI am afraid to wave | sensilkerge qorqasayou are afraid to wave | olsilkerge qorqadıhe is afraid to wave | bizsilkerge qorqabızwe are afraid to wave | sizsilkerge qorqasızyou all are afraid to wave | alasilkerge qorqadılathey are afraid to wave |
| be afraid to | mensilkerge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to wave | sensilkerge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to wave | olsilkerge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to wave | bizsilkerge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to wave | sizsilkerge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to wave | alasilkerge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to wave |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | mensilke bolmazmaI can't be waving | sensilke bolmazsayou can't be waving | olsilke bolmazhe can't be waving | bizsilke bolmazbızwe can't be waving | sizsilke bolmazsızyou all can't be waving | alasilke bolmazlathey can't be waving |
| Inference, present — double negation | mensilkmey bolmazmaI must be waving (emphatic) | sensilkmey bolmazsayou must be waving (emphatic) | olsilkmey bolmazhe must be waving (emphatic) | bizsilkmey bolmazbızwe must be waving (emphatic) | sizsilkmey bolmazsızyou all must be waving (emphatic) | alasilkmey bolmazlathey must be waving (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | mensilke turmasamif I don't keep waving | sensilke turmasaŋif you don't keep waving | olsilke turmasaif he doesn't keep waving | bizsilke turmasaqif we don't keep waving | sizsilke turmasağızif you all don't keep waving | alasilke turmasalaif they don't keep waving |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | mensilke tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of waving | sensilke tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of waving | olsilke tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of waving | bizsilke tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of waving | sizsilke tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of waving | alasilke tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of waving |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | mensilkmey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not waving (emphatic) | sensilkmey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not waving (emphatic) | olsilkmey tura bolmazhe must keep on not waving (emphatic) | bizsilkmey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not waving (emphatic) | sizsilkmey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not waving (emphatic) | alasilkmey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not waving (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | mensilkmey turamaI keep on not waving | sensilkmey turasayou keep on not waving | olsilkmey turadıhe keeps on not waving | bizsilkmey turabızwe keep on not waving | sizsilkmey turasızyou all keep on not waving | alasilkmey turadılathey keep on not waving |
| Progressive — double negation | mensilkmey turmaymaI am not keeping on not waving | sensilkmey turmaysayou are not keeping on not waving | olsilkmey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not waving | bizsilkmey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not waving | sizsilkmey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not waving | alasilkmey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not waving |
| Progressive — double negation | mensilkmey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not waving? | sensilkmey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not waving? | olsilkmey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not waving? | bizsilkmey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not waving? | sizsilkmey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not waving? | alasilkmey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not waving? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | mensilkgen bolmazmaI can't have waved | sensilkgen bolmazsayou can't have waved | olsilkgen bolmazhe can't have waved | bizsilkgen bolmazbızwe can't have waved | sizsilkgen bolmazsızyou all can't have waved | alasilkgen bolmazlathey can't have waved |
| Inference — double negation | mensilkmegen bolmazmaI must have waved (emphatic) | sensilkmegen bolmazsayou must have waved (emphatic) | olsilkmegen bolmazhe must have waved (emphatic) | bizsilkmegen bolmazbızwe must have waved (emphatic) | sizsilkmegen bolmazsızyou all must have waved (emphatic) | alasilkmegen bolmazlathey must have waved (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | mensilkgen bolmasamif it weren't that I had waved | sensilkgen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had waved | olsilkgen bolmasaif it weren't that he had waved | bizsilkgen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had waved | sizsilkgen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had waved | alasilkgen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had waved |
| Counterfactual — double negation | mensilkmegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't waved | sensilkmegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't waved | olsilkmegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't waved | bizsilkmegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't waved | sizsilkmegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't waved | alasilkmegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't waved |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | mensilkerik bolmazmaI can't be going to wave | sensilkerik bolmazsayou can't be going to wave | olsilkerik bolmazhe can't be going to wave | bizsilkerik bolmazbızwe can't be going to wave | sizsilkerik bolmazsızyou all can't be going to wave | alasilkerik bolmazlathey can't be going to wave |
| Inference, future — double negation | mensilkmezlik bolmazmaI must be going to wave (emphatic) | sensilkmezlik bolmazsayou must be going to wave (emphatic) | olsilkmezlik bolmazhe must be going to wave (emphatic) | bizsilkmezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to wave (emphatic) | sizsilkmezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to wave (emphatic) | alasilkmezlik bolmazlathey must be going to wave (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | mensilkerik bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to wave | sensilkerik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to wave | olsilkerik bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to wave | bizsilkerik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to wave | sizsilkerik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to wave | alasilkerik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to wave |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | mensilkmezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to wave | sensilkmezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to wave | olsilkmezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to wave | bizsilkmezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to wave | sizsilkmezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to wave | alasilkmezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to wave |