qaynarğa
/qajnarʁa/
1. boil, bubble, come to a boil
- suw qaynaydı — the water is boiling
- süt qaynadı — the milk boiled
- qazan qaynab başladı — the pot has begun to boil
- qaynağan suw — boiled water
- qaynab qururğa — to boil away
2. be cooked, be boiled — Also said of butter being melted down.
- et qaynaydı — the meat is cooking
- jaw qaynaydı — the butter is melting down
- qaynay başlağan etni — the meat that has begun to cook
- şorpa qaynadı — the broth has cooked
3. ferment — Said of ayran, boza and other drinks left to work, which then froth and fizz.
- boza qaynaydı — the buza is fermenting
- ayran qaynağandı — the ayran has fermented
- qaynağan ayran — fermented ayran
- qaynay turğan boza — fermenting buza
- ayran jılıda terk qaynaydı — ayran ferments quickly in the warmth
4. knit together, grow back together, mend — Said of a broken bone.
- sınŋan süek qaynağandı — the broken bone has knitted
- süek terk qaynaydı — the bone knits quickly
- qolu qaynağandı — their arm has mended
- sınŋan qanat qaynasa da — even if a broken wing knits
- süegi ters qaynab — his bone knitting wrongly
5. rage, surge, seethe — Used of the sea, rivers and other rough water.
- teŋiz qaynaydı — the sea is raging
- çerek qaynaydı — the river is raging
- suw taşlanı üsünde qaynaydı — the water churns over the stones
6. be in full swing, bustle, teem — Said of life and work. With mıyım it describes a head buzzing with thoughts.
- iş qaynaydı — work is in full swing
- jaŋı jaşaw qaynaydı — new life is in full swing
- mıyım qaynaydı — my head is buzzing with thoughts
7. be angry, be furious, be indignant — The person one is angry with stands in the dative.
- men senŋe qaynab turama — I am furious with you
- içim qaynaydı — I am seething inside
- anam menŋe qaynağandı — my mother is angry with me
- açıwdan qaynarğa — to seethe with anger
8. grow fast, shoot up — Said of crops and plants coming up thickly.
- bıyıl nartüh qaynab qalğandı — this year the maize has shot up
- arbazğa mursa qaynab qalğandı — the yard has run wild with nettles
- tarı sabanla esebsiz qaynaydıla — the millet fields grow thick beyond count
- kırdık jawğan jaŋurdan sora qaynadı — the grass shot up after the rain
9. live well, prosper, be well off — Often said with a touch of irony about someone who has nothing to worry about.
- ol qaynaydı — he has nothing to worry about
- qaynaysız siz, jaş adamla — you're doing well, young people
- jaş adamla qaynaydıla — young people are living well
10. grow stronger — Said of strength, courage and the like. one source
- qarıwu qaynaydı — her strength is growing
- küçü qaynab — its strength growing
11. collect in a mass, form a drip deposit one source
- çayırı qaynab turğan terekge — onto a tree with its resin collecting
Expressions
- başında qazan qaynarğa — be tormented by worry
- içinde qazan qaynarğa — seethe inwardly
- men qaynay esem, sen bürkese — you live better
- muqur qaynarğa — freeze solid
Conjugation
Common forms
- qaynaydıhe is boiling
- qaynadıhe boiled
- qaynağandıhe has boiled
- qaynarhe will boil
- qaynarıqdıhe is going to boil
- qaynay edihe was boiling
- qaynasaif he boils
- qayna!boil!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menqaynaymaI am boiling | senqaynaysayou are boiling | olqaynaydıhe is boiling | bizqaynaybızwe are boiling | sizqaynaysızyou all are boiling | alaqaynaydılathey are boiling |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menqaynamaymaI am not boiling | senqaynamaysayou are not boiling | olqaynamaydıhe is not boiling | bizqaynamaybızwe are not boiling | sizqaynamaysızyou all are not boiling | alaqaynamaydılathey are not boiling |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menqaynaymamı? qaynaymıma?am I boiling? | senqaynaymısa?are you boiling? | olqaynaymıdı?is he boiling? | bizqaynaybızmı? qaynaymıbız?are we boiling? | sizqaynaymısız?are you all boiling? | alaqaynaymıdıla?are they boiling? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menqaynamaymamı? qaynamaymıma?aren't I boiling? | senqaynamaymısa?aren't you boiling? | olqaynamaymıdı?isn't he boiling? | bizqaynamaybızmı? qaynamaymıbız?aren't we boiling? | sizqaynamaymısız?aren't you all boiling? | alaqaynamaymıdıla?aren't they boiling? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menqaynawçanmaI usually boil | senqaynawçansayou usually boil | olqaynawçandıhe usually boils | bizqaynawçanbızwe usually boil | sizqaynawçansızyou all usually boil | alaqaynawçandılathey usually boil |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menqaynamawçanmaI usually don't boil | senqaynamawçansayou usually don't boil | olqaynamawçandıhe usually doesn't boil | bizqaynamawçanbızwe usually don't boil | sizqaynamawçansızyou all usually don't boil | alaqaynamawçandılathey usually don't boil |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menqaynawçanmamı? qaynawçanmıma?do I usually boil? | senqaynawçanmısa?do you usually boil? | olqaynawçanmıdı?does he usually boil? | bizqaynawçanbızmı? qaynawçanmıbız?do we usually boil? | sizqaynawçanmısız?do you all usually boil? | alaqaynawçanmıdıla?do they usually boil? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menqaynamawçanmamı? qaynamawçanmıma?do I usually not boil? | senqaynamawçanmısa?do you usually not boil? | olqaynamawçanmıdı?does he usually not boil? | bizqaynamawçanbızmı? qaynamawçanmıbız?do we usually not boil? | sizqaynamawçanmısız?do you all usually not boil? | alaqaynamawçanmıdıla?do they usually not boil? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olqaynabdıhe has boiled and remains so | alaqaynabdılathey have boiled and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olqaynabmıdı?has he boiled? | alaqaynabmıdıla?have they boiled? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menqaynab turamaI keep boiling | senqaynab turasayou keep boiling | olqaynab turadıhe keeps boiling | bizqaynab turabızwe keep boiling | sizqaynab turasızyou all keep boiling | alaqaynab turadılathey keep boiling |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menqaynab turmaymaI don't keep boiling | senqaynab turmaysayou don't keep boiling | olqaynab turmaydıhe doesn't keep boiling | bizqaynab turmaybızwe don't keep boiling | sizqaynab turmaysızyou all don't keep boiling | alaqaynab turmaydılathey don't keep boiling |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menqaynab turamamı? qaynab turamıma?do I keep boiling? | senqaynab turamısa?do you keep boiling? | olqaynab turamıdı?does he keep boiling? | bizqaynab turabızmı? qaynab turamıbız?do we keep boiling? | sizqaynab turamısız?do you all keep boiling? | alaqaynab turamıdıla?do they keep boiling? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menqaynab turmaymamı? qaynab turmaymıma?don't I keep boiling? | senqaynab turmaymısa?don't you keep boiling? | olqaynab turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep boiling? | bizqaynab turmaybızmı? qaynab turmaymıbız?don't we keep boiling? | sizqaynab turmaymısız?don't you all keep boiling? | alaqaynab turmaymıdıla?don't they keep boiling? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menqaynay turamaI am in the middle of boiling | senqaynay turasayou are in the middle of boiling | olqaynay turadıhe is in the middle of boiling | bizqaynay turabızwe are in the middle of boiling | sizqaynay turasızyou all are in the middle of boiling | alaqaynay turadılathey are in the middle of boiling |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menqaynay turmaymaI am not in the middle of boiling | senqaynay turmaysayou are not in the middle of boiling | olqaynay turmaydıhe is not in the middle of boiling | bizqaynay turmaybızwe are not in the middle of boiling | sizqaynay turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of boiling | alaqaynay turmaydılathey are not in the middle of boiling |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menqaynay turamamı? qaynay turamıma?am I in the middle of boiling? | senqaynay turamısa?are you in the middle of boiling? | olqaynay turamıdı?is he in the middle of boiling? | bizqaynay turabızmı? qaynay turamıbız?are we in the middle of boiling? | sizqaynay turamısız?are you all in the middle of boiling? | alaqaynay turamıdıla?are they in the middle of boiling? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menqaynay turmaymamı? qaynay turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of boiling? | senqaynay turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of boiling? | olqaynay turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of boiling? | bizqaynay turmaybızmı? qaynay turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of boiling? | sizqaynay turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of boiling? | alaqaynay turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of boiling? |
| Simple past (definite) | menqaynadımI boiled | senqaynadıŋyou boiled | olqaynadıhe boiled | bizqaynadıqwe boiled | sizqaynadığızyou all boiled | alaqaynadılathey boiled |
| Simple past (definite) | menqaynamadımI didn't boil | senqaynamadıŋyou didn't boil | olqaynamadıhe didn't boil | bizqaynamadıqwe didn't boil | sizqaynamadığızyou all didn't boil | alaqaynamadılathey didn't boil |
| Simple past (definite) | menqaynadımmı?did I boil? | senqaynadıŋmı?did you boil? | olqaynadımı?did he boil? | bizqaynadıqmı?did we boil? | sizqaynadığızmı?did you all boil? | alaqaynadılamı?did they boil? |
| Simple past (definite) | menqaynamadımmı?didn't I boil? | senqaynamadıŋmı?didn't you boil? | olqaynamadımı?didn't he boil? | bizqaynamadıqmı?didn't we boil? | sizqaynamadığızmı?didn't you all boil? | alaqaynamadılamı?didn't they boil? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menqaynağanmaI have boiled | senqaynağansayou have boiled | olqaynağandıhe has boiled | bizqaynağanbızwe have boiled | sizqaynağansızyou all have boiled | alaqaynağandılathey have boiled |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menqaynamağanmaI haven't boiled | senqaynamağansayou haven't boiled | olqaynamağandıhe hasn't boiled | bizqaynamağanbızwe haven't boiled | sizqaynamağansızyou all haven't boiled | alaqaynamağandılathey haven't boiled |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menqaynağanmamı? qaynağanmıma?have I boiled? | senqaynağanmısa?have you boiled? | olqaynağanmıdı?has he boiled? | bizqaynağanbızmı? qaynağanmıbız?have we boiled? | sizqaynağanmısız?have you all boiled? | alaqaynağanmıdıla?have they boiled? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menqaynamağanmamı? qaynamağanmıma?haven't I boiled? | senqaynamağanmısa?haven't you boiled? | olqaynamağanmıdı?hasn't he boiled? | bizqaynamağanbızmı? qaynamağanmıbız?haven't we boiled? | sizqaynamağanmısız?haven't you all boiled? | alaqaynamağanmıdıla?haven't they boiled? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menqaynab turdumI kept boiling | senqaynab turduŋyou kept boiling | olqaynab turduhe kept boiling | bizqaynab turduqwe kept boiling | sizqaynab turduğuzyou all kept boiling | alaqaynab turdulathey kept boiling |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menqaynab turmadımI didn't keep boiling | senqaynab turmadıŋyou didn't keep boiling | olqaynab turmadıhe didn't keep boiling | bizqaynab turmadıqwe didn't keep boiling | sizqaynab turmadığızyou all didn't keep boiling | alaqaynab turmadılathey didn't keep boiling |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menqaynarmaI will boil | senqaynarsayou will boil | olqaynarhe will boil | bizqaynarbızwe will boil | sizqaynarsızyou all will boil | alaqaynarlathey will boil |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menqaynamazmaI won't boil | senqaynamazsayou won't boil | olqaynamazhe won't boil | bizqaynamazbızwe won't boil | sizqaynamazsızyou all won't boil | alaqaynamazlathey won't boil |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menqaynarmamı? qaynarmıma?will I boil? | senqaynarmısa?will you boil? | olqaynarmı?will he boil? | bizqaynarbızmı? qaynarmıbız?will we boil? | sizqaynarmısız?will you all boil? | alaqaynarlamı? qaynarmıla?will they boil? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menqaynamazmamı? qaynamazmıma?won't I boil? | senqaynamazmısa?won't you boil? | olqaynamazmı?won't he boil? | bizqaynamazbızmı? qaynamazmıbız?won't we boil? | sizqaynamazmısız?won't you all boil? | alaqaynamazlamı? qaynamazmıla?won't they boil? |
| Definite future (future II) | menqaynarıqmaI am going to boil | senqaynarıqsayou are going to boil | olqaynarıqdıhe is going to boil | bizqaynarıqbızwe are going to boil | sizqaynarıqsızyou all are going to boil | alaqaynarıqdılathey are going to boil |
| Definite future (future II) | menqaynarıq tülmeI am not going to boil | senqaynarıq tülseyou are not going to boil | olqaynarıq tüldühe is not going to boil | bizqaynarıq tülbüzwe are not going to boil | sizqaynarıq tülsüzyou all are not going to boil | alaqaynarıq tüldülethey are not going to boil |
| Definite future (future II) | menqaynarıqmamı? qaynarıqmıma?am I going to boil? | senqaynarıqmısa?are you going to boil? | olqaynarıqmıdı?is he going to boil? | bizqaynarıqbızmı? qaynarıqmıbız?are we going to boil? | sizqaynarıqmısız?are you all going to boil? | alaqaynarıqmıdıla?are they going to boil? |
| Definite future (future II) | menqaynarıq tülmüme?aren't I going to boil? | senqaynarıq tülmüse?aren't you going to boil? | olqaynarıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to boil? | bizqaynarıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to boil? | sizqaynarıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to boil? | alaqaynarıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to boil? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menqaynağan edimqaynağanemI had boiled | senqaynağan ediŋqaynağaneŋyou had boiled | olqaynağan ediqaynağanedhe had boiled | bizqaynağan edikqaynağanekwe had boiled | sizqaynağan edigizqaynağanegizyou all had boiled | alaqaynağan edileqaynağanellethey had boiled |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menqaynamağan edimqaynamağanemI hadn't boiled | senqaynamağan ediŋqaynamağaneŋyou hadn't boiled | olqaynamağan ediqaynamağanedhe hadn't boiled | bizqaynamağan edikqaynamağanekwe hadn't boiled | sizqaynamağan edigizqaynamağanegizyou all hadn't boiled | alaqaynamağan edileqaynamağanellethey hadn't boiled |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menqaynay edimqaynayemI was boiling | senqaynay ediŋqaynayeŋyou were boiling | olqaynay ediqaynayedhe was boiling | bizqaynay edikqaynayekwe were boiling | sizqaynay edigizqaynayegizyou all were boiling | alaqaynay edileqaynayellethey were boiling |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menqaynamay edimqaynamayemI wasn't boiling | senqaynamay ediŋqaynamayeŋyou weren't boiling | olqaynamay ediqaynamayedhe wasn't boiling | bizqaynamay edikqaynamayekwe weren't boiling | sizqaynamay edigizqaynamayegizyou all weren't boiling | alaqaynamay edileqaynamayellethey weren't boiling |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menqaynawçan edimqaynawçanemI used to boil | senqaynawçan ediŋqaynawçaneŋyou used to boil | olqaynawçan ediqaynawçanedhe used to boil | bizqaynawçan edikqaynawçanekwe used to boil | sizqaynawçan edigizqaynawçanegizyou all used to boil | alaqaynawçan edileqaynawçanellethey used to boil |
| Habitual past (used to) | menqaynamawçan edimqaynamawçanemI didn't use to boil | senqaynamawçan ediŋqaynamawçaneŋyou didn't use to boil | olqaynamawçan ediqaynamawçanedhe didn't use to boil | bizqaynamawçan edikqaynamawçanekwe didn't use to boil | sizqaynamawçan edigizqaynamawçanegizyou all didn't use to boil | alaqaynamawçan edileqaynamawçanellethey didn't use to boil |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olqaynab edihe had boiled and remained so | alaqaynab edilethey had boiled and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olqaynab tül edihe hadn't boiled | alaqaynab tül edilethey hadn't boiled | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menqaynab tura edimqaynab turaemI had kept boiling | senqaynab tura ediŋqaynab turaeŋyou had kept boiling | olqaynab tura ediqaynab turaedhe had kept boiling | bizqaynab tura edikqaynab turaekwe had kept boiling | sizqaynab tura edigizqaynab turaegizyou all had kept boiling | alaqaynab tura edileqaynab turaellethey had kept boiling |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menqaynab turmay edimqaynab turmayemI hadn't kept boiling | senqaynab turmay ediŋqaynab turmayeŋyou hadn't kept boiling | olqaynab turmay ediqaynab turmayedhe hadn't kept boiling | bizqaynab turmay edikqaynab turmayekwe hadn't kept boiling | sizqaynab turmay edigizqaynab turmayegizyou all hadn't kept boiling | alaqaynab turmay edileqaynab turmayellethey hadn't kept boiling |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menqaynay tura edimqaynay turaemI was in the middle of boiling | senqaynay tura ediŋqaynay turaeŋyou were in the middle of boiling | olqaynay tura ediqaynay turaedhe was in the middle of boiling | bizqaynay tura edikqaynay turaekwe were in the middle of boiling | sizqaynay tura edigizqaynay turaegizyou all were in the middle of boiling | alaqaynay tura edileqaynay turaellethey were in the middle of boiling |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menqaynay turmay edimqaynay turmayemI wasn't in the middle of boiling | senqaynay turmay ediŋqaynay turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of boiling | olqaynay turmay ediqaynay turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of boiling | bizqaynay turmay edikqaynay turmayekwe weren't in the middle of boiling | sizqaynay turmay edigizqaynay turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of boiling | alaqaynay turmay edileqaynay turmayellethey weren't in the middle of boiling |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menqaynar edimqaynar emI would boil | senqaynar ediŋqaynar eŋyou would boil | olqaynar ediqaynar edhe would boil | bizqaynar edikqaynar ekwe would boil | sizqaynar edigizqaynar egizyou all would boil | alaqaynar edileqaynar ellethey would boil |
| Conditional result (would) | menqaynamaz edimqaynamaz emI wouldn't boil | senqaynamaz ediŋqaynamaz eŋyou wouldn't boil | olqaynamaz ediqaynamaz edhe wouldn't boil | bizqaynamaz edikqaynamaz ekwe wouldn't boil | sizqaynamaz edigizqaynamaz egizyou all wouldn't boil | alaqaynamaz edileqaynamaz ellethey wouldn't boil |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menqaynarıq edimqaynarıq emI would have boiled | senqaynarıq ediŋqaynarıq eŋyou would have boiled | olqaynarıq ediqaynarıq edhe would have boiled | bizqaynarıq edikqaynarıq ekwe would have boiled | sizqaynarıq edigizqaynarıq egizyou all would have boiled | alaqaynarıq edileqaynarıq ellethey would have boiled |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menqaynarıq tül edimqaynarıq tül emI wouldn't have boiled | senqaynarıq tül ediŋqaynarıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have boiled | olqaynarıq tül ediqaynarıq tül edhe wouldn't have boiled | bizqaynarıq tül edikqaynarıq tül ekwe wouldn't have boiled | sizqaynarıq tül edigizqaynarıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have boiled | alaqaynarıq tül edileqaynarıq tül ellethey wouldn't have boiled |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menqaynasamif I boil | senqaynasaŋif you boil | olqaynasaif he boils | bizqaynasaqif we boil | sizqaynasağızif you all boil | alaqaynasalaif they boil |
| Conditional | menqaynamasamif I don't boil | senqaynamasaŋif you don't boil | olqaynamasaif he doesn't boil | bizqaynamasaqif we don't boil | sizqaynamasağızif you all don't boil | alaqaynamasalaif they don't boil |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menqaynay esemif I am boiling | senqaynay eseŋif you are boiling | olqaynay eseif he is boiling | bizqaynay esekif we are boiling | sizqaynay esegizif you all are boiling | alaqaynay eseleif they are boiling |
| Conditional, present real | menqaynamay esemif I am not boiling | senqaynamay eseŋif you are not boiling | olqaynamay eseif he is not boiling | bizqaynamay esekif we are not boiling | sizqaynamay esegizif you all are not boiling | alaqaynamay eseleif they are not boiling |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menqaynasam ediqaynasam edif only I boiled | senqaynasaŋ ediqaynasaŋ edif only you boiled | olqaynasa ediqaynasaedif only he boiled | bizqaynasaq ediqaynasaq edif only we boiled | sizqaynasağız ediqaynasağız edif only you all boiled | alaqaynasala ediqaynasalaedif only they boiled |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menqaynamasam ediqaynamasam edif only I didn't boil | senqaynamasaŋ ediqaynamasaŋ edif only you didn't boil | olqaynamasa ediqaynamasaedif only he didn't boil | bizqaynamasaq ediqaynamasaq edif only we didn't boil | sizqaynamasağız ediqaynamasağız edif only you all didn't boil | alaqaynamasala ediqaynamasalaedif only they didn't boil |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menqaynab tursamif I carry on boiling | senqaynab tursaŋif you carry on boiling | olqaynab tursaif he carries on boiling | bizqaynab tursaqif we carry on boiling | sizqaynab tursağızif you all carry on boiling | alaqaynab tursalaif they carry on boiling |
| Durative conditional | menqaynab turmasamif I don't carry on boiling | senqaynab turmasaŋif you don't carry on boiling | olqaynab turmasaif he doesn't carry on boiling | bizqaynab turmasaqif we don't carry on boiling | sizqaynab turmasağızif you all don't carry on boiling | alaqaynab turmasalaif they don't carry on boiling |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menqaynab tura esemif I have kept boiling | senqaynab tura eseŋif you have kept boiling | olqaynab tura eseif he has kept boiling | bizqaynab tura esekif we have kept boiling | sizqaynab tura esegizif you all have kept boiling | alaqaynab tura eseleif they have kept boiling |
| Durative conditional, present real | menqaynab turmay esemif I haven't kept boiling | senqaynab turmay eseŋif you haven't kept boiling | olqaynab turmay eseif he hasn't kept boiling | bizqaynab turmay esekif we haven't kept boiling | sizqaynab turmay esegizif you all haven't kept boiling | alaqaynab turmay eseleif they haven't kept boiling |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menqaynay tursamif I keep boiling | senqaynay tursaŋif you keep boiling | olqaynay tursaif he keeps boiling | bizqaynay tursaqif we keep boiling | sizqaynay tursağızif you all keep boiling | alaqaynay tursalaif they keep boiling |
| Progressive conditional | menqaynamay tursamif I keep on not boiling | senqaynamay tursaŋif you keep on not boiling | olqaynamay tursaif he keeps on not boiling | bizqaynamay tursaqif we keep on not boiling | sizqaynamay tursağızif you all keep on not boiling | alaqaynamay tursalaif they keep on not boiling |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menqaynay tura esemif I am in the middle of boiling | senqaynay tura eseŋif you are in the middle of boiling | olqaynay tura eseif he is in the middle of boiling | bizqaynay tura esekif we are in the middle of boiling | sizqaynay tura esegizif you all are in the middle of boiling | alaqaynay tura eseleif they are in the middle of boiling |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menqaynamay tura esemif I keep on not boiling | senqaynamay tura eseŋif you keep on not boiling | olqaynamay tura eseif he keeps on not boiling | bizqaynamay tura esekif we keep on not boiling | sizqaynamay tura esegizif you all keep on not boiling | alaqaynamay tura eseleif they keep on not boiling |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menqaynadım esemif I boiled | senqaynadıŋ eseŋif you boiled | olqaynadı eseif he boiled | bizqaynadıq esekif we boiled | sizqaynadığız esegizif you all boiled | alaqaynadıla eseleif they boiled |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menqaynamadım esemif I didn't boil | senqaynamadıŋ eseŋif you didn't boil | olqaynamadı eseif he didn't boil | bizqaynamadıq esekif we didn't boil | sizqaynamadığız esegizif you all didn't boil | alaqaynamadıla eseleif they didn't boil |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menqaynağan esemif I did boil (indeed) | senqaynağan eseŋif you did boil (indeed) | olqaynağan eseif he did boil (indeed) | bizqaynağan esekif we did boil (indeed) | sizqaynağan esegizif you all did boil (indeed) | alaqaynağan eseleif they did boil (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menqaynamağan esemif I didn't boil (indeed) | senqaynamağan eseŋif you didn't boil (indeed) | olqaynamağan eseif he didn't boil (indeed) | bizqaynamağan esekif we didn't boil (indeed) | sizqaynamağan esegizif you all didn't boil (indeed) | alaqaynamağan eseleif they didn't boil (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menqaynağan bolsamif I had boiled | senqaynağan bolsaŋif you had boiled | olqaynağan bolsaif he had boiled | bizqaynağan bolsaqif we had boiled | sizqaynağan bolsağızif you all had boiled | alaqaynağan bolsalaif they had boiled |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menqaynamağan bolsamif I hadn't boiled | senqaynamağan bolsaŋif you hadn't boiled | olqaynamağan bolsaif he hadn't boiled | bizqaynamağan bolsaqif we hadn't boiled | sizqaynamağan bolsağızif you all hadn't boiled | alaqaynamağan bolsalaif they hadn't boiled |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menqaynağan bolsam ediqaynağan bolsam edif only I had boiled | senqaynağan bolsaŋ ediqaynağan bolsaŋ edif only you had boiled | olqaynağan bolsa ediqaynağan bolsaedif only he had boiled | bizqaynağan bolsaq ediqaynağan bolsaq edif only we had boiled | sizqaynağan bolsağız ediqaynağan bolsağız edif only you all had boiled | alaqaynağan bolsala ediqaynağan bolsalaedif only they had boiled |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menqaynamağan bolsam ediqaynamağan bolsam edif only I hadn't boiled | senqaynamağan bolsaŋ ediqaynamağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't boiled | olqaynamağan bolsa ediqaynamağan bolsaedif only he hadn't boiled | bizqaynamağan bolsaq ediqaynamağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't boiled | sizqaynamağan bolsağız ediqaynamağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't boiled | alaqaynamağan bolsala ediqaynamağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't boiled |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menqaynar esemif I will boil | senqaynar eseŋif you will boil | olqaynar eseif he will boil | bizqaynar esekif we will boil | sizqaynar esegizif you all will boil | alaqaynar eseleif they will boil |
| Conditional, aorist | menqaynamaz esemif I won't boil | senqaynamaz eseŋif you won't boil | olqaynamaz eseif he won't boil | bizqaynamaz esekif we won't boil | sizqaynamaz esegizif you all won't boil | alaqaynamaz eseleif they won't boil |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menqaynarıq esemif I am going to boil | senqaynarıq eseŋif you are going to boil | olqaynarıq eseif he is going to boil | bizqaynarıq esekif we are going to boil | sizqaynarıq esegizif you all are going to boil | alaqaynarıq eseleif they are going to boil |
| Conditional, future | menqaynarıq tül esemif I am not going to boil | senqaynarıq tül eseŋif you are not going to boil | olqaynarıq tül eseif he is not going to boil | bizqaynarıq tül esekif we are not going to boil | sizqaynarıq tül esegizif you all are not going to boil | alaqaynarıq tül eseleif they are not going to boil |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menqaynarıq bolsamif I were going to boil | senqaynarıq bolsaŋif you were going to boil | olqaynarıq bolsaif he were going to boil | bizqaynarıq bolsaqif we were going to boil | sizqaynarıq bolsağızif you all were going to boil | alaqaynarıq bolsalaif they were going to boil |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menqaynamazlıq bolsamif I were not going to boil | senqaynamazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to boil | olqaynamazlıq bolsaif he were not going to boil | bizqaynamazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to boil | sizqaynamazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to boil | alaqaynamazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to boil |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso qaynadıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menqaynay bolurmaI must be boiling | senqaynay bolursayou must be boiling | olqaynay bolurhe must be boiling | bizqaynay bolurbuzwe must be boiling | sizqaynay bolursuzyou all must be boiling | alaqaynay bolurlathey must be boiling |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menqaynamay bolurmaI must not be boiling | senqaynamay bolursayou must not be boiling | olqaynamay bolurhe must not be boiling | bizqaynamay bolurbuzwe must not be boiling | sizqaynamay bolursuzyou all must not be boiling | alaqaynamay bolurlathey must not be boiling |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menqaynay tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of boiling | senqaynay tura bolursayou must be in the middle of boiling | olqaynay tura bolurhe must be in the middle of boiling | bizqaynay tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of boiling | sizqaynay tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of boiling | alaqaynay tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of boiling |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menqaynamay tura bolurmaI must keep on not boiling | senqaynamay tura bolursayou must keep on not boiling | olqaynamay tura bolurhe must keep on not boiling | bizqaynamay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not boiling | sizqaynamay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not boiling | alaqaynamay tura bolurlathey must keep on not boiling |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menqaynağan bolurmaI must have boiled | senqaynağan bolursayou must have boiled | olqaynağan bolurhe must have boiled | bizqaynağan bolurbuzwe must have boiled | sizqaynağan bolursuzyou all must have boiled | alaqaynağan bolurlathey must have boiled |
| Inference (must have) | menqaynamağan bolurmaI must not have boiled | senqaynamağan bolursayou must not have boiled | olqaynamağan bolurhe must not have boiled | bizqaynamağan bolurbuzwe must not have boiled | sizqaynamağan bolursuzyou all must not have boiled | alaqaynamağan bolurlathey must not have boiled |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menqaynarıq bolurmaI must be going to boil | senqaynarıq bolursayou must be going to boil | olqaynarıq bolurhe must be going to boil | bizqaynarıq bolurbuzwe must be going to boil | sizqaynarıq bolursuzyou all must be going to boil | alaqaynarıq bolurlathey must be going to boil |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menqaynamazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to boil | senqaynamazlıq bolursayou must not be going to boil | olqaynamazlıq bolurhe must not be going to boil | bizqaynamazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to boil | sizqaynamazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to boil | alaqaynamazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to boil |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menqaynayımlet me boil | senqayna!boil! | olqaynasınlet him boil | bizqaynayıqlet's boil | sizqaynağız!boil, you all! | alaqaynasınlalet them boil |
| Commands & suggestions | menqaynamayımlet me not boil | senqaynama!don't boil! | olqaynamasınlet him not boil | bizqaynamayıqlet's not boil | sizqaynamağız!don't boil, you all! | alaqaynamasınlalet them not boil |
| Commands & suggestions | menqaynayımmı?shall I boil? | olqaynasınmı?should he boil? | bizqaynayıqmı?shall we boil? | alaqaynasınlamı?should they boil? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menqaynamayımmı?shall I not boil? | olqaynamasınmı?should he not boil? | bizqaynamayıqmı?shall we not boil? | alaqaynamasınlamı?should they not boil? | ||
| Requests | senqaynaçı2qaynaçınplease boil | olqaynasınçıdo let him boil | sizqaynaçığızplease boil (plural/polite) | alaqaynasınlaçıdo let them boil | ||
| Requests | senqaynamaçı2qaynamaçınplease don't boil | olqaynamasınçıdo let him not boil | sizqaynamaçığızplease don't boil (plural/polite) | alaqaynamasınlaçıdo let them not boil | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senqaynağınqaynağımay you boil | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senqaynamağınqaynamağımay you not boil | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menqaynağay edim qaynağa edimwould that I boiled | senqaynağay ediŋ qaynağa ediŋwould that you boiled | olqaynağay edi qaynağa ediwould that he boiled | bizqaynağay edik qaynağa edikwould that we boiled | sizqaynağay edigiz qaynağa edigizwould that you all boiled | alaqaynağay edile qaynağa edilewould that they boiled |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menqaynamağay edim qaynamağa edimwould that I did not boil | senqaynamağay ediŋ qaynamağa ediŋwould that you did not boil | olqaynamağay edi qaynamağa ediwould that he did not boil | bizqaynamağay edik qaynamağa edikwould that we did not boil | sizqaynamağay edigiz qaynamağa edigizwould that you all did not boil | alaqaynamağay edile qaynamağa edilewould that they did not boil |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menqaynamağa qoyayımqaynama qoyayımlet me allow someone to boil | senqaynamağa qoy!qaynama qoy!let someone boil! | olqaynamağa qoysunqaynama qoysunlet him allow someone to boil | bizqaynamağa qoyayıqqaynama qoyayıqlet's allow someone to boil | sizqaynamağa qoyuğuz!qaynama qoyuğuz!let someone boil, you all! | alaqaynamağa qoysunlaqaynama qoysunlalet them allow someone to boil |
| Let someone… (commands) | menqaynamağa qoymayımqaynama qoymayımlet me not allow someone to boil | senqaynamağa qoyma!qaynama qoyma!don't let someone boil! | olqaynamağa qoymasınqaynama qoymasınlet him not allow someone to boil | bizqaynamağa qoymayıqqaynama qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to boil | sizqaynamağa qoymağız!qaynama qoymağız!don't let someone boil, you all! | alaqaynamağa qoymasınlaqaynama qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to boil |
| Let someone… (commands) | menqaynamağa qoyayımmı?qaynama qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to boil? | olqaynamağa qoysunmu?qaynama qoysunmu?should he allow someone to boil? | bizqaynamağa qoyayıqmı?qaynama qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to boil? | alaqaynamağa qoysunlamı?qaynama qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to boil? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menqaynamağa qoymayımmı?qaynama qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to boil? | olqaynamağa qoymasınmı?qaynama qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to boil? | bizqaynamağa qoymayıqmı?qaynama qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to boil? | alaqaynamağa qoymasınlamı?qaynama qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to boil? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menqaynamağa qoyamaqaynama qoyamaI allow someone to boil | senqaynamağa qoyasaqaynama qoyasayou allow someone to boil | olqaynamağa qoyadıqaynama qoyadıhe allows someone to boil | bizqaynamağa qoyabızqaynama qoyabızwe allow someone to boil | sizqaynamağa qoyasızqaynama qoyasızyou all allow someone to boil | alaqaynamağa qoyadılaqaynama qoyadılathey allow someone to boil |
| Let someone… (present) | menqaynamağa qoymaymaqaynama qoymaymaI don't allow someone to boil | senqaynamağa qoymaysaqaynama qoymaysayou don't allow someone to boil | olqaynamağa qoymaydıqaynama qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to boil | bizqaynamağa qoymaybızqaynama qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to boil | sizqaynamağa qoymaysızqaynama qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to boil | alaqaynamağa qoymaydılaqaynama qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to boil |
| Let someone… (present) | menqaynamağa qoyamamı?qaynama qoyamamı?do I allow someone to boil? | senqaynamağa qoyamısa?qaynama qoyamısa?do you allow someone to boil? | olqaynamağa qoyamıdı?qaynama qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to boil? | bizqaynamağa qoyabızmı?qaynama qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to boil? | sizqaynamağa qoyamısız?qaynama qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to boil? | alaqaynamağa qoyamıdıla?qaynama qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to boil? |
| Let someone… (present) | menqaynamağa qoymaymamı?qaynama qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to boil? | senqaynamağa qoymaymısa?qaynama qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to boil? | olqaynamağa qoymaymıdı?qaynama qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to boil? | bizqaynamağa qoymaybızmı?qaynama qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to boil? | sizqaynamağa qoymaymısız?qaynama qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to boil? | alaqaynamağa qoymaymıdıla?qaynama qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to boil? |
| Let someone… (past) | menqaynamağa qoydumqaynama qoydumI allowed someone to boil | senqaynamağa qoyduŋqaynama qoyduŋyou allowed someone to boil | olqaynamağa qoyduqaynama qoyduhe allowed someone to boil | bizqaynamağa qoyduqqaynama qoyduqwe allowed someone to boil | sizqaynamağa qoyduğuzqaynama qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to boil | alaqaynamağa qoydulaqaynama qoydulathey allowed someone to boil |
| Let someone… (past) | menqaynamağa qoymadımqaynama qoymadımI didn't allow someone to boil | senqaynamağa qoymadıŋqaynama qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to boil | olqaynamağa qoymadıqaynama qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to boil | bizqaynamağa qoymadıqqaynama qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to boil | sizqaynamağa qoymadığızqaynama qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to boil | alaqaynamağa qoymadılaqaynama qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to boil |
| Let someone… (past) | menqaynamağa qoydummu?qaynama qoydummu?did I allow someone to boil? | senqaynamağa qoyduŋmu?qaynama qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to boil? | olqaynamağa qoydumu?qaynama qoydumu?did he allow someone to boil? | bizqaynamağa qoyduqmu?qaynama qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to boil? | sizqaynamağa qoyduğuzmu?qaynama qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to boil? | alaqaynamağa qoydulamı?qaynama qoydulamı?did they allow someone to boil? |
| Let someone… (past) | menqaynamağa qoymadımmı?qaynama qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to boil? | senqaynamağa qoymadıŋmı?qaynama qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to boil? | olqaynamağa qoymadımı?qaynama qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to boil? | bizqaynamağa qoymadıqmı?qaynama qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to boil? | sizqaynamağa qoymadığızmı?qaynama qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to boil? | alaqaynamağa qoymadılamı?qaynama qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to boil? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
qaynayalırğa be able to boil · qaynayalmazğa be unable to boil
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menqaynayalamaI can boil | senqaynayalasayou can boil | olqaynayaladıhe can boil | bizqaynayalabızwe can boil | sizqaynayalasızyou all can boil | alaqaynayaladılathey can boil |
| Ability — present | menqaynayalmaymaI can't boil | senqaynayalmaysayou can't boil | olqaynayalmaydıhe can't boil | bizqaynayalmaybızwe can't boil | sizqaynayalmaysızyou all can't boil | alaqaynayalmaydılathey can't boil |
| Ability — present | menqaynayalamamı? qaynayalamıma?can I boil? | senqaynayalamısa?can you boil? | olqaynayalamıdı?can he boil? | bizqaynayalabızmı? qaynayalamıbız?can we boil? | sizqaynayalamısız?can you all boil? | alaqaynayalamıdıla?can they boil? |
| Ability — present | menqaynayalmaymamı? qaynayalmaymıma?can't I boil? | senqaynayalmaymısa?can't you boil? | olqaynayalmaymıdı?can't he boil? | bizqaynayalmaybızmı? qaynayalmaymıbız?can't we boil? | sizqaynayalmaymısız?can't you all boil? | alaqaynayalmaymıdıla?can't they boil? |
| Ability — if I can… | menqaynayalsamif I can boil | senqaynayalsaŋif you can boil | olqaynayalsaif he can boil | bizqaynayalsaqif we can boil | sizqaynayalsağızif you all can boil | alaqaynayalsalaif they can boil |
| Ability — if I can… | menqaynayalmasamif I can't boil | senqaynayalmasaŋif you can't boil | olqaynayalmasaif he can't boil | bizqaynayalmasaqif we can't boil | sizqaynayalmasağızif you all can't boil | alaqaynayalmasalaif they can't boil |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menqaynayaldımI was able to boil | senqaynayaldıŋyou were able to boil | olqaynayaldıhe was able to boil | bizqaynayaldıqwe were able to boil | sizqaynayaldığızyou all were able to boil | alaqaynayaldılathey were able to boil |
| Ability — simple past | menqaynayalmadımI could not boil | senqaynayalmadıŋyou could not boil | olqaynayalmadıhe could not boil | bizqaynayalmadıqwe could not boil | sizqaynayalmadığızyou all could not boil | alaqaynayalmadılathey could not boil |
| Ability — simple past | menqaynayaldımmı?was I able to boil? | senqaynayaldıŋmı?were you able to boil? | olqaynayaldımı?was he able to boil? | bizqaynayaldıqmı?were we able to boil? | sizqaynayaldığızmı?were you all able to boil? | alaqaynayaldılamı?were they able to boil? |
| Ability — simple past | menqaynayalmadımmı?couldn't I boil? | senqaynayalmadıŋmı?couldn't you boil? | olqaynayalmadımı?couldn't he boil? | bizqaynayalmadıqmı?couldn't we boil? | sizqaynayalmadığızmı?couldn't you all boil? | alaqaynayalmadılamı?couldn't they boil? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menqaynayalğanmaI have been able to boil | senqaynayalğansayou have been able to boil | olqaynayalğandıhe has been able to boil | bizqaynayalğanbızwe have been able to boil | sizqaynayalğansızyou all have been able to boil | alaqaynayalğandılathey have been able to boil |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menqaynayalmağanmaI haven't been able to boil | senqaynayalmağansayou haven't been able to boil | olqaynayalmağandıhe hasn't been able to boil | bizqaynayalmağanbızwe haven't been able to boil | sizqaynayalmağansızyou all haven't been able to boil | alaqaynayalmağandılathey haven't been able to boil |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menqaynayalğanmamı? qaynayalğanmıma?have I been able to boil? | senqaynayalğanmısa?have you been able to boil? | olqaynayalğanmıdı?has he been able to boil? | bizqaynayalğanbızmı? qaynayalğanmıbız?have we been able to boil? | sizqaynayalğanmısız?have you all been able to boil? | alaqaynayalğanmıdıla?have they been able to boil? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menqaynayalmağanmamı? qaynayalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to boil? | senqaynayalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to boil? | olqaynayalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to boil? | bizqaynayalmağanbızmı? qaynayalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to boil? | sizqaynayalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to boil? | alaqaynayalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to boil? |
| Ability — past perfect | menqaynayalğan edimqaynayalğanemI had been able to boil | senqaynayalğan ediŋqaynayalğaneŋyou had been able to boil | olqaynayalğan ediqaynayalğanedhe had been able to boil | bizqaynayalğan edikqaynayalğanekwe had been able to boil | sizqaynayalğan edigizqaynayalğanegizyou all had been able to boil | alaqaynayalğan edileqaynayalğanellethey had been able to boil |
| Ability — past perfect | menqaynayalmağan edimqaynayalmağanemI hadn't been able to boil | senqaynayalmağan ediŋqaynayalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to boil | olqaynayalmağan ediqaynayalmağanedhe hadn't been able to boil | bizqaynayalmağan edikqaynayalmağanekwe hadn't been able to boil | sizqaynayalmağan edigizqaynayalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to boil | alaqaynayalmağan edileqaynayalmağanellethey hadn't been able to boil |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menqaynayala edimqaynayalaemI could boil | senqaynayala ediŋqaynayalaeŋyou could boil | olqaynayala ediqaynayalaedhe could boil | bizqaynayala edikqaynayalaekwe could boil | sizqaynayala edigizqaynayalaegizyou all could boil | alaqaynayala edileqaynayalaellethey could boil |
| Ability — past background | menqaynayalmay edimqaynayalmayemI could not boil | senqaynayalmay ediŋqaynayalmayeŋyou could not boil | olqaynayalmay ediqaynayalmayedhe could not boil | bizqaynayalmay edikqaynayalmayekwe could not boil | sizqaynayalmay edigizqaynayalmayegizyou all could not boil | alaqaynayalmay edileqaynayalmayellethey could not boil |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menqaynayalırmaI will be able to boil | senqaynayalırsayou will be able to boil | olqaynayalırhe will be able to boil | bizqaynayalırbızwe will be able to boil | sizqaynayalırsızyou all will be able to boil | alaqaynayalırlathey will be able to boil |
| Ability — future I | menqaynayalmazmaI won't be able to boil | senqaynayalmazsayou won't be able to boil | olqaynayalmazhe won't be able to boil | bizqaynayalmazbızwe won't be able to boil | sizqaynayalmazsızyou all won't be able to boil | alaqaynayalmazlathey won't be able to boil |
| Ability — future I | menqaynayalırmamı? qaynayalırmıma?will I be able to boil? | senqaynayalırmısa?will you be able to boil? | olqaynayalırmı?will he be able to boil? | bizqaynayalırbızmı? qaynayalırmıbız?will we be able to boil? | sizqaynayalırmısız?will you all be able to boil? | alaqaynayalırlamı? qaynayalırmıla?will they be able to boil? |
| Ability — future I | menqaynayalmazmamı? qaynayalmazmıma?won't I be able to boil? | senqaynayalmazmısa?won't you be able to boil? | olqaynayalmazmı?won't he be able to boil? | bizqaynayalmazbızmı? qaynayalmazmıbız?won't we be able to boil? | sizqaynayalmazmısız?won't you all be able to boil? | alaqaynayalmazlamı? qaynayalmazmıla?won't they be able to boil? |
| Ability — future II | menqaynayallıqmaI am going to be able to boil | senqaynayallıqsayou are going to be able to boil | olqaynayallıqdıhe is going to be able to boil | bizqaynayallıqbızwe are going to be able to boil | sizqaynayallıqsızyou all are going to be able to boil | alaqaynayallıqdılathey are going to be able to boil |
| Ability — future II | menqaynayallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to boil | senqaynayallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to boil | olqaynayallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to boil | bizqaynayallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to boil | sizqaynayallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to boil | alaqaynayallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to boil |
| Ability — future II | menqaynayallıqmamı? qaynayallıqmıma?am I going to be able to boil? | senqaynayallıqmısa?are you going to be able to boil? | olqaynayallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to boil? | bizqaynayallıqbızmı? qaynayallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to boil? | sizqaynayallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to boil? | alaqaynayallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to boil? |
| Ability — future II | menqaynayallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to boil? | senqaynayallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to boil? | olqaynayallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to boil? | bizqaynayallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to boil? | sizqaynayallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to boil? | alaqaynayallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to boil? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menqaynayalır edimqaynayalır emI would be able to boil | senqaynayalır ediŋqaynayalır eŋyou would be able to boil | olqaynayalır ediqaynayalır edhe would be able to boil | bizqaynayalır edikqaynayalır ekwe would be able to boil | sizqaynayalır edigizqaynayalır egizyou all would be able to boil | alaqaynayalır edileqaynayalır ellethey would be able to boil |
| Ability — would be able to… | menqaynayalmaz edimqaynayalmaz emI wouldn't be able to boil | senqaynayalmaz ediŋqaynayalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to boil | olqaynayalmaz ediqaynayalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to boil | bizqaynayalmaz edikqaynayalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to boil | sizqaynayalmaz edigizqaynayalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to boil | alaqaynayalmaz edileqaynayalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to boil |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senqaynayalğınqaynayalğımay you be able to boil | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senqaynayalmağınqaynayalmağımay you not be able to boil | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menqaynarğa izleymeI want to boil | senqaynarğa izleyseyou want to boil | olqaynarğa izleydihe wants to boil | bizqaynarğa izleybizwe want to boil | sizqaynarğa izleysizyou all want to boil | alaqaynarğa izleydilethey want to boil |
| want to | menqaynarğa izlemeymeI do not want to boil | senqaynarğa izlemeyseyou do not want to boil | olqaynarğa izlemeydihe does not want to boil | bizqaynarğa izlemeybizwe do not want to boil | sizqaynarğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to boil | alaqaynarğa izlemeydilethey do not want to boil |
| would like to | menqaynarğa süemeI would like to boil | senqaynarğa süeseyou would like to boil | olqaynarğa süedihe would like to boil | bizqaynarğa süebizwe would like to boil | sizqaynarğa süesizyou all would like to boil | alaqaynarğa süedilethey would like to boil |
| would like to | menqaynarğa süymeymeI would not like to boil | senqaynarğa süymeyseyou would not like to boil | olqaynarğa süymeydihe would not like to boil | bizqaynarğa süymeybizwe would not like to boil | sizqaynarğa süymeysizyou all would not like to boil | alaqaynarğa süymeydilethey would not like to boil |
| hope to | menqaynarğa umutlanamaI hope to boil | senqaynarğa umutlanasayou hope to boil | olqaynarğa umutlanadıhe hopes to boil | bizqaynarğa umutlanabızwe hope to boil | sizqaynarğa umutlanasızyou all hope to boil | alaqaynarğa umutlanadılathey hope to boil |
| hope to | menqaynarğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to boil | senqaynarğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to boil | olqaynarğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to boil | bizqaynarğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to boil | sizqaynarğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to boil | alaqaynarğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to boil |
| be about to | menqaynarğa deb turamaI am about to boil | senqaynarğa deb turasayou are about to boil | olqaynarğa deb turadıhe is about to boil | bizqaynarğa deb turabızwe are about to boil | sizqaynarğa deb turasızyou all are about to boil | alaqaynarğa deb turadılathey are about to boil |
| be about to | menqaynarğa deb turmaymaI am not about to boil | senqaynarğa deb turmaysayou are not about to boil | olqaynarğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to boil | bizqaynarğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to boil | sizqaynarğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to boil | alaqaynarğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to boil |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menqaynarğa kerekmeI need to boil | senqaynarğa kerekseyou need to boil | olqaynarğa kerekdihe needs to boil | bizqaynarğa kerekbizwe need to boil | sizqaynarğa kereksizyou all need to boil | alaqaynarğa kerekdilethey need to boil |
| need to | menqaynarğa kerek tülmeI do not need to boil | senqaynarğa kerek tülseyou do not need to boil | olqaynarğa kerek tüldühe does not need to boil | bizqaynarğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to boil | sizqaynarğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to boil | alaqaynarğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to boil |
| have to | menmenŋe qaynarğa tüşediI have to boil | sensenŋe qaynarğa tüşediyou have to boil | olaŋa qaynarğa tüşedihe has to boil | bizbizge qaynarğa tüşediwe have to boil | sizsizge qaynarğa tüşediyou all have to boil | alaalağa qaynarğa tüşedithey have to boil |
| have to | menmenŋe qaynarğa tüşmeydiI do not have to boil | sensenŋe qaynarğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to boil | olaŋa qaynarğa tüşmeydihe does not have to boil | bizbizge qaynarğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to boil | sizsizge qaynarğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to boil | alaalağa qaynarğa tüşmeydithey do not have to boil |
| be obliged to | menqaynarğa borçlumaI am obliged to boil | senqaynarğa borçlusayou are obliged to boil | olqaynarğa borçluduhe is obliged to boil | bizqaynarğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to boil | sizqaynarğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to boil | alaqaynarğa borçludulathey are obliged to boil |
| be obliged to | menqaynarğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to boil | senqaynarğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to boil | olqaynarğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to boil | bizqaynarğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to boil | sizqaynarğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to boil | alaqaynarğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to boil |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menqaynarğa madarım bardıI have a way to boil | senqaynarğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to boil | olqaynarğa madarı bardıhe has a way to boil | bizqaynarğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to boil | sizqaynarğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to boil | alaqaynarğa madarları bardıthey have a way to boil |
| have a way to | menqaynarğa madarım joqduI have no way to boil | senqaynarğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to boil | olqaynarğa madarı joqduhe has no way to boil | bizqaynarğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to boil | sizqaynarğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to boil | alaqaynarğa madarları joqduthey have no way to boil |
| be free to | menqaynarğa erkinligim bardıI am free to boil | senqaynarğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to boil | olqaynarğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to boil | bizqaynarğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to boil | sizqaynarğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to boil | alaqaynarğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to boil |
| be free to | menqaynarğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to boil | senqaynarğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to boil | olqaynarğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to boil | bizqaynarğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to boil | sizqaynarğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to boil | alaqaynarğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to boil |
| be possible to | menmenŋe qaynarğa bolluqduit is possible for me to boil | sensenŋe qaynarğa bolluqduit is possible for you to boil | olaŋa qaynarğa bolluqduit is possible for him to boil | bizbizge qaynarğa bolluqduit is possible for us to boil | sizsizge qaynarğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to boil | alaalağa qaynarğa bolluqduit is possible for them to boil |
| be possible to | menmenŋe qaynarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to boil | sensenŋe qaynarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to boil | olaŋa qaynarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to boil | bizbizge qaynarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to boil | sizsizge qaynarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to boil | alaalağa qaynarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to boil |
| be ready to | menqaynarğa hazırmaI am ready to boil | senqaynarğa hazırsayou are ready to boil | olqaynarğa hazırdıhe is ready to boil | bizqaynarğa hazırbızwe are ready to boil | sizqaynarğa hazırsızyou all are ready to boil | alaqaynarğa hazırdılathey are ready to boil |
| be ready to | menqaynarğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to boil | senqaynarğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to boil | olqaynarğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to boil | bizqaynarğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to boil | sizqaynarğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to boil | alaqaynarğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to boil |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menqaynarğa küreşemeI am trying to boil | senqaynarğa küreşeseyou are trying to boil | olqaynarğa küreşedihe is trying to boil | bizqaynarğa küreşebizwe are trying to boil | sizqaynarğa küreşesizyou all are trying to boil | alaqaynarğa küreşedilethey are trying to boil |
| try to | menqaynarğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to boil | senqaynarğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to boil | olqaynarğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to boil | bizqaynarğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to boil | sizqaynarğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to boil | alaqaynarğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to boil |
| agree to | menqaynarğa unaymaI agree to boil | senqaynarğa unaysayou agree to boil | olqaynarğa unaydıhe agrees to boil | bizqaynarğa unaybızwe agree to boil | sizqaynarğa unaysızyou all agree to boil | alaqaynarğa unaydılathey agree to boil |
| agree to | menqaynarğa unamaymaI refuse to boil | senqaynarğa unamaysayou refuse to boil | olqaynarğa unamaydıhe refuses to boil | bizqaynarğa unamaybızwe refuse to boil | sizqaynarğa unamaysızyou all refuse to boil | alaqaynarğa unamaydılathey refuse to boil |
| hurry to | menqaynarğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to boil | senqaynarğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to boil | olqaynarğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to boil | bizqaynarğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to boil | sizqaynarğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to boil | alaqaynarğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to boil |
| hurry to | menqaynarğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to boil | senqaynarğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to boil | olqaynarğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to boil | bizqaynarğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to boil | sizqaynarğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to boil | alaqaynarğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to boil |
| be afraid to | menqaynarğa qorqamaI am afraid to boil | senqaynarğa qorqasayou are afraid to boil | olqaynarğa qorqadıhe is afraid to boil | bizqaynarğa qorqabızwe are afraid to boil | sizqaynarğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to boil | alaqaynarğa qorqadılathey are afraid to boil |
| be afraid to | menqaynarğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to boil | senqaynarğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to boil | olqaynarğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to boil | bizqaynarğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to boil | sizqaynarğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to boil | alaqaynarğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to boil |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menqaynay bolmazmaI can't be boiling | senqaynay bolmazsayou can't be boiling | olqaynay bolmazhe can't be boiling | bizqaynay bolmazbızwe can't be boiling | sizqaynay bolmazsızyou all can't be boiling | alaqaynay bolmazlathey can't be boiling |
| Inference, present — double negation | menqaynamay bolmazmaI must be boiling (emphatic) | senqaynamay bolmazsayou must be boiling (emphatic) | olqaynamay bolmazhe must be boiling (emphatic) | bizqaynamay bolmazbızwe must be boiling (emphatic) | sizqaynamay bolmazsızyou all must be boiling (emphatic) | alaqaynamay bolmazlathey must be boiling (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menqaynay turmasamif I don't keep boiling | senqaynay turmasaŋif you don't keep boiling | olqaynay turmasaif he doesn't keep boiling | bizqaynay turmasaqif we don't keep boiling | sizqaynay turmasağızif you all don't keep boiling | alaqaynay turmasalaif they don't keep boiling |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menqaynay tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of boiling | senqaynay tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of boiling | olqaynay tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of boiling | bizqaynay tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of boiling | sizqaynay tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of boiling | alaqaynay tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of boiling |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menqaynamay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not boiling (emphatic) | senqaynamay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not boiling (emphatic) | olqaynamay tura bolmazhe must keep on not boiling (emphatic) | bizqaynamay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not boiling (emphatic) | sizqaynamay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not boiling (emphatic) | alaqaynamay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not boiling (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menqaynamay turamaI keep on not boiling | senqaynamay turasayou keep on not boiling | olqaynamay turadıhe keeps on not boiling | bizqaynamay turabızwe keep on not boiling | sizqaynamay turasızyou all keep on not boiling | alaqaynamay turadılathey keep on not boiling |
| Progressive — double negation | menqaynamay turmaymaI am not keeping on not boiling | senqaynamay turmaysayou are not keeping on not boiling | olqaynamay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not boiling | bizqaynamay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not boiling | sizqaynamay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not boiling | alaqaynamay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not boiling |
| Progressive — double negation | menqaynamay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not boiling? | senqaynamay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not boiling? | olqaynamay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not boiling? | bizqaynamay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not boiling? | sizqaynamay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not boiling? | alaqaynamay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not boiling? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menqaynağan bolmazmaI can't have boiled | senqaynağan bolmazsayou can't have boiled | olqaynağan bolmazhe can't have boiled | bizqaynağan bolmazbızwe can't have boiled | sizqaynağan bolmazsızyou all can't have boiled | alaqaynağan bolmazlathey can't have boiled |
| Inference — double negation | menqaynamağan bolmazmaI must have boiled (emphatic) | senqaynamağan bolmazsayou must have boiled (emphatic) | olqaynamağan bolmazhe must have boiled (emphatic) | bizqaynamağan bolmazbızwe must have boiled (emphatic) | sizqaynamağan bolmazsızyou all must have boiled (emphatic) | alaqaynamağan bolmazlathey must have boiled (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menqaynağan bolmasamif it weren't that I had boiled | senqaynağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had boiled | olqaynağan bolmasaif it weren't that he had boiled | bizqaynağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had boiled | sizqaynağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had boiled | alaqaynağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had boiled |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menqaynamağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't boiled | senqaynamağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't boiled | olqaynamağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't boiled | bizqaynamağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't boiled | sizqaynamağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't boiled | alaqaynamağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't boiled |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menqaynarıq bolmazmaI can't be going to boil | senqaynarıq bolmazsayou can't be going to boil | olqaynarıq bolmazhe can't be going to boil | bizqaynarıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to boil | sizqaynarıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to boil | alaqaynarıq bolmazlathey can't be going to boil |
| Inference, future — double negation | menqaynamazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to boil (emphatic) | senqaynamazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to boil (emphatic) | olqaynamazlıq bolmazhe must be going to boil (emphatic) | bizqaynamazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to boil (emphatic) | sizqaynamazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to boil (emphatic) | alaqaynamazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to boil (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menqaynarıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to boil | senqaynarıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to boil | olqaynarıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to boil | bizqaynarıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to boil | sizqaynarıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to boil | alaqaynarıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to boil |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menqaynamazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to boil | senqaynamazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to boil | olqaynamazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to boil | bizqaynamazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to boil | sizqaynamazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to boil | alaqaynamazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to boil |