küyünürge
/kyjynyrɡe/
grieve, mourn; worry, be upset; suffer — The cause of the grief is put in the dative, as in a village grieving over a boy's death.
- ol bek küyünedi — she grieves deeply
- jaşçıqnı ölgenine el küyündü — the village grieved at the little boy's death
- anı awruğanına küyündük — we were upset that he fell ill
- bek küyünme — don't grieve so much
Conjugation
Common forms
- küyünedihe is grieving
- küyündühe grieved
- küyünŋendihe has grieved
- küyünürhe will grieve
- küyünnükdühe is going to grieve
- küyüne edihe was grieving
- küyünseif he grieves
- küyün!grieve!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menküyünemeI am grieving | senküyüneseyou are grieving | olküyünedihe is grieving | bizküyünebizwe are grieving | sizküyünesizyou all are grieving | alaküyünedilethey are grieving |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menküyünmeymeI am not grieving | senküyünmeyseyou are not grieving | olküyünmeydihe is not grieving | bizküyünmeybizwe are not grieving | sizküyünmeysizyou all are not grieving | alaküyünmeydilethey are not grieving |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menküyünememi? küyünemime?am I grieving? | senküyünemise?are you grieving? | olküyünemidi?is he grieving? | bizküyünebizmi? küyünemibiz?are we grieving? | sizküyünemisiz?are you all grieving? | alaküyünemidile?are they grieving? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menküyünmeymemi? küyünmeymime?aren't I grieving? | senküyünmeymise?aren't you grieving? | olküyünmeymidi?isn't he grieving? | bizküyünmeybizmi? küyünmeymibiz?aren't we grieving? | sizküyünmeymisiz?aren't you all grieving? | alaküyünmeymidile?aren't they grieving? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menküyünüwçenmeI usually grieve | senküyünüwçenseyou usually grieve | olküyünüwçendihe usually grieves | bizküyünüwçenbizwe usually grieve | sizküyünüwçensizyou all usually grieve | alaküyünüwçendilethey usually grieve |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menküyünmewçenmeI usually don't grieve | senküyünmewçenseyou usually don't grieve | olküyünmewçendihe usually doesn't grieve | bizküyünmewçenbizwe usually don't grieve | sizküyünmewçensizyou all usually don't grieve | alaküyünmewçendilethey usually don't grieve |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menküyünüwçenmemi? küyünüwçenmime?do I usually grieve? | senküyünüwçenmise?do you usually grieve? | olküyünüwçenmidi?does he usually grieve? | bizküyünüwçenbizmi? küyünüwçenmibiz?do we usually grieve? | sizküyünüwçenmisiz?do you all usually grieve? | alaküyünüwçenmidile?do they usually grieve? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menküyünmewçenmemi? küyünmewçenmime?do I usually not grieve? | senküyünmewçenmise?do you usually not grieve? | olküyünmewçenmidi?does he usually not grieve? | bizküyünmewçenbizmi? küyünmewçenmibiz?do we usually not grieve? | sizküyünmewçenmisiz?do you all usually not grieve? | alaküyünmewçenmidile?do they usually not grieve? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olküyünübdühe has grieved and remains so | alaküyünübdülethey have grieved and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olküyünübmüdü?has he grieved? | alaküyünübmüdüle?have they grieved? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menküyünüb turamaI keep grieving | senküyünüb turasayou keep grieving | olküyünüb turadıhe keeps grieving | bizküyünüb turabızwe keep grieving | sizküyünüb turasızyou all keep grieving | alaküyünüb turadılathey keep grieving |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menküyünüb turmaymaI don't keep grieving | senküyünüb turmaysayou don't keep grieving | olküyünüb turmaydıhe doesn't keep grieving | bizküyünüb turmaybızwe don't keep grieving | sizküyünüb turmaysızyou all don't keep grieving | alaküyünüb turmaydılathey don't keep grieving |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menküyünüb turamamı? küyünüb turamıma?do I keep grieving? | senküyünüb turamısa?do you keep grieving? | olküyünüb turamıdı?does he keep grieving? | bizküyünüb turabızmı? küyünüb turamıbız?do we keep grieving? | sizküyünüb turamısız?do you all keep grieving? | alaküyünüb turamıdıla?do they keep grieving? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menküyünüb turmaymamı? küyünüb turmaymıma?don't I keep grieving? | senküyünüb turmaymısa?don't you keep grieving? | olküyünüb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep grieving? | bizküyünüb turmaybızmı? küyünüb turmaymıbız?don't we keep grieving? | sizküyünüb turmaymısız?don't you all keep grieving? | alaküyünüb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep grieving? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menküyüne turamaI am in the middle of grieving | senküyüne turasayou are in the middle of grieving | olküyüne turadıhe is in the middle of grieving | bizküyüne turabızwe are in the middle of grieving | sizküyüne turasızyou all are in the middle of grieving | alaküyüne turadılathey are in the middle of grieving |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menküyüne turmaymaI am not in the middle of grieving | senküyüne turmaysayou are not in the middle of grieving | olküyüne turmaydıhe is not in the middle of grieving | bizküyüne turmaybızwe are not in the middle of grieving | sizküyüne turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of grieving | alaküyüne turmaydılathey are not in the middle of grieving |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menküyüne turamamı? küyüne turamıma?am I in the middle of grieving? | senküyüne turamısa?are you in the middle of grieving? | olküyüne turamıdı?is he in the middle of grieving? | bizküyüne turabızmı? küyüne turamıbız?are we in the middle of grieving? | sizküyüne turamısız?are you all in the middle of grieving? | alaküyüne turamıdıla?are they in the middle of grieving? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menküyüne turmaymamı? küyüne turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of grieving? | senküyüne turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of grieving? | olküyüne turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of grieving? | bizküyüne turmaybızmı? küyüne turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of grieving? | sizküyüne turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of grieving? | alaküyüne turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of grieving? |
| Simple past (definite) | menküyündümI grieved | senküyündüŋyou grieved | olküyündühe grieved | bizküyündükwe grieved | sizküyündügüzyou all grieved | alaküyündülethey grieved |
| Simple past (definite) | menküyünmedimI didn't grieve | senküyünmediŋyou didn't grieve | olküyünmedihe didn't grieve | bizküyünmedikwe didn't grieve | sizküyünmedigizyou all didn't grieve | alaküyünmedilethey didn't grieve |
| Simple past (definite) | menküyündümmü?did I grieve? | senküyündüŋmü?did you grieve? | olküyündümü?did he grieve? | bizküyündükmü?did we grieve? | sizküyündügüzmü?did you all grieve? | alaküyündülemi?did they grieve? |
| Simple past (definite) | menküyünmedimmi?didn't I grieve? | senküyünmediŋmi?didn't you grieve? | olküyünmedimi?didn't he grieve? | bizküyünmedikmi?didn't we grieve? | sizküyünmedigizmi?didn't you all grieve? | alaküyünmedilemi?didn't they grieve? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menküyünŋenmeI have grieved | senküyünŋenseyou have grieved | olküyünŋendihe has grieved | bizküyünŋenbizwe have grieved | sizküyünŋensizyou all have grieved | alaküyünŋendilethey have grieved |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menküyünmegenmeI haven't grieved | senküyünmegenseyou haven't grieved | olküyünmegendihe hasn't grieved | bizküyünmegenbizwe haven't grieved | sizküyünmegensizyou all haven't grieved | alaküyünmegendilethey haven't grieved |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menküyünŋenmemi? küyünŋenmime?have I grieved? | senküyünŋenmise?have you grieved? | olküyünŋenmidi?has he grieved? | bizküyünŋenbizmi? küyünŋenmibiz?have we grieved? | sizküyünŋenmisiz?have you all grieved? | alaküyünŋenmidile?have they grieved? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menküyünmegenmemi? küyünmegenmime?haven't I grieved? | senküyünmegenmise?haven't you grieved? | olküyünmegenmidi?hasn't he grieved? | bizküyünmegenbizmi? küyünmegenmibiz?haven't we grieved? | sizküyünmegenmisiz?haven't you all grieved? | alaküyünmegenmidile?haven't they grieved? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menküyünüb turdumI kept grieving | senküyünüb turduŋyou kept grieving | olküyünüb turduhe kept grieving | bizküyünüb turduqwe kept grieving | sizküyünüb turduğuzyou all kept grieving | alaküyünüb turdulathey kept grieving |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menküyünüb turmadımI didn't keep grieving | senküyünüb turmadıŋyou didn't keep grieving | olküyünüb turmadıhe didn't keep grieving | bizküyünüb turmadıqwe didn't keep grieving | sizküyünüb turmadığızyou all didn't keep grieving | alaküyünüb turmadılathey didn't keep grieving |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menküyünürmeI will grieve | senküyünürseyou will grieve | olküyünürhe will grieve | bizküyünürbüzwe will grieve | sizküyünürsüzyou all will grieve | alaküyünürlethey will grieve |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menküyünmezmeI won't grieve | senküyünmezseyou won't grieve | olküyünmezhe won't grieve | bizküyünmezbizwe won't grieve | sizküyünmezsizyou all won't grieve | alaküyünmezlethey won't grieve |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menküyünürmemi? küyünürmüme?will I grieve? | senküyünürmüse?will you grieve? | olküyünürmü?will he grieve? | bizküyünürbüzmü? küyünürmübüz?will we grieve? | sizküyünürmüsüz?will you all grieve? | alaküyünürlemi? küyünürmüle?will they grieve? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menküyünmezmemi? küyünmezmime?won't I grieve? | senküyünmezmise?won't you grieve? | olküyünmezmi?won't he grieve? | bizküyünmezbizmi? küyünmezmibiz?won't we grieve? | sizküyünmezmisiz?won't you all grieve? | alaküyünmezlemi? küyünmezmile?won't they grieve? |
| Definite future (future II) | menküyünnükme1küyünürükmeI am going to grieve | senküyünnükse1küyünürükseyou are going to grieve | olküyünnükdü1küyünürükdühe is going to grieve | bizküyünnükbüz1küyünürükbüzwe are going to grieve | sizküyünnüksüz1küyünürüksüzyou all are going to grieve | alaküyünnükdüle1küyünürükdülethey are going to grieve |
| Definite future (future II) | menküyünnük tülme1küyünürük tülmeI am not going to grieve | senküyünnük tülse1küyünürük tülseyou are not going to grieve | olküyünnük tüldü1küyünürük tüldühe is not going to grieve | bizküyünnük tülbüz1küyünürük tülbüzwe are not going to grieve | sizküyünnük tülsüz1küyünürük tülsüzyou all are not going to grieve | alaküyünnük tüldüle1küyünürük tüldülethey are not going to grieve |
| Definite future (future II) | menküyünnükmemi?1 küyünnükmüme?küyünürükmemi?am I going to grieve? | senküyünnükmüse?1küyünürükmüse?are you going to grieve? | olküyünnükmüdü?1küyünürükmüdü?is he going to grieve? | bizküyünnükbüzmü?1 küyünnükmübüz?küyünürükbüzmü?are we going to grieve? | sizküyünnükmüsüz?1küyünürükmüsüz?are you all going to grieve? | alaküyünnükmüdüle?1küyünürükmüdüle?are they going to grieve? |
| Definite future (future II) | menküyünnük tülmüme?1küyünürük tülmüme?aren't I going to grieve? | senküyünnük tülmüse?1küyünürük tülmüse?aren't you going to grieve? | olküyünnük tülmüdü?1küyünürük tülmüdü?isn't he going to grieve? | bizküyünnük tülmübüz?1küyünürük tülmübüz?aren't we going to grieve? | sizküyünnük tülmüsüz?1küyünürük tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to grieve? | alaküyünnük tülmüdüle?1küyünürük tülmüdüle?aren't they going to grieve? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Definite future (future II)full form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so küyünürükdü
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menküyünŋen edimküyünŋenemI had grieved | senküyünŋen ediŋküyünŋeneŋyou had grieved | olküyünŋen ediküyünŋenedhe had grieved | bizküyünŋen edikküyünŋenekwe had grieved | sizküyünŋen edigizküyünŋenegizyou all had grieved | alaküyünŋen edileküyünŋenellethey had grieved |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menküyünmegen edimküyünmegenemI hadn't grieved | senküyünmegen ediŋküyünmegeneŋyou hadn't grieved | olküyünmegen ediküyünmegenedhe hadn't grieved | bizküyünmegen edikküyünmegenekwe hadn't grieved | sizküyünmegen edigizküyünmegenegizyou all hadn't grieved | alaküyünmegen edileküyünmegenellethey hadn't grieved |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menküyüne edimküyünemI was grieving | senküyüne ediŋküyüneŋyou were grieving | olküyüne ediküyünedhe was grieving | bizküyüne edikküyünekwe were grieving | sizküyüne edigizküyünegizyou all were grieving | alaküyüne edileküyünellethey were grieving |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menküyünmey edimküyünmeyemI wasn't grieving | senküyünmey ediŋküyünmeyeŋyou weren't grieving | olküyünmey ediküyünmeyedhe wasn't grieving | bizküyünmey edikküyünmeyekwe weren't grieving | sizküyünmey edigizküyünmeyegizyou all weren't grieving | alaküyünmey edileküyünmeyellethey weren't grieving |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menküyünüwçen edimküyünüwçenemI used to grieve | senküyünüwçen ediŋküyünüwçeneŋyou used to grieve | olküyünüwçen ediküyünüwçenedhe used to grieve | bizküyünüwçen edikküyünüwçenekwe used to grieve | sizküyünüwçen edigizküyünüwçenegizyou all used to grieve | alaküyünüwçen edileküyünüwçenellethey used to grieve |
| Habitual past (used to) | menküyünmewçen edimküyünmewçenemI didn't use to grieve | senküyünmewçen ediŋküyünmewçeneŋyou didn't use to grieve | olküyünmewçen ediküyünmewçenedhe didn't use to grieve | bizküyünmewçen edikküyünmewçenekwe didn't use to grieve | sizküyünmewçen edigizküyünmewçenegizyou all didn't use to grieve | alaküyünmewçen edileküyünmewçenellethey didn't use to grieve |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olküyünüb edihe had grieved and remained so | alaküyünüb edilethey had grieved and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olküyünüb tül edihe hadn't grieved | alaküyünüb tül edilethey hadn't grieved | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menküyünüb tura edimküyünüb turaemI had kept grieving | senküyünüb tura ediŋküyünüb turaeŋyou had kept grieving | olküyünüb tura ediküyünüb turaedhe had kept grieving | bizküyünüb tura edikküyünüb turaekwe had kept grieving | sizküyünüb tura edigizküyünüb turaegizyou all had kept grieving | alaküyünüb tura edileküyünüb turaellethey had kept grieving |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menküyünüb turmay edimküyünüb turmayemI hadn't kept grieving | senküyünüb turmay ediŋküyünüb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept grieving | olküyünüb turmay ediküyünüb turmayedhe hadn't kept grieving | bizküyünüb turmay edikküyünüb turmayekwe hadn't kept grieving | sizküyünüb turmay edigizküyünüb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept grieving | alaküyünüb turmay edileküyünüb turmayellethey hadn't kept grieving |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menküyüne tura edimküyüne turaemI was in the middle of grieving | senküyüne tura ediŋküyüne turaeŋyou were in the middle of grieving | olküyüne tura ediküyüne turaedhe was in the middle of grieving | bizküyüne tura edikküyüne turaekwe were in the middle of grieving | sizküyüne tura edigizküyüne turaegizyou all were in the middle of grieving | alaküyüne tura edileküyüne turaellethey were in the middle of grieving |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menküyüne turmay edimküyüne turmayemI wasn't in the middle of grieving | senküyüne turmay ediŋküyüne turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of grieving | olküyüne turmay ediküyüne turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of grieving | bizküyüne turmay edikküyüne turmayekwe weren't in the middle of grieving | sizküyüne turmay edigizküyüne turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of grieving | alaküyüne turmay edileküyüne turmayellethey weren't in the middle of grieving |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menküyünür edimküyünür emI would grieve | senküyünür ediŋküyünür eŋyou would grieve | olküyünür ediküyünür edhe would grieve | bizküyünür edikküyünür ekwe would grieve | sizküyünür edigizküyünür egizyou all would grieve | alaküyünür edileküyünür ellethey would grieve |
| Conditional result (would) | menküyünmez edimküyünmez emI wouldn't grieve | senküyünmez ediŋküyünmez eŋyou wouldn't grieve | olküyünmez ediküyünmez edhe wouldn't grieve | bizküyünmez edikküyünmez ekwe wouldn't grieve | sizküyünmez edigizküyünmez egizyou all wouldn't grieve | alaküyünmez edileküyünmez ellethey wouldn't grieve |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menküyünnük edim2küyünnük emküyünürük edimI would have grieved | senküyünnük ediŋ2küyünnük eŋküyünürük ediŋyou would have grieved | olküyünnük edi2küyünnük edküyünürük edihe would have grieved | bizküyünnük edik2küyünnük ekküyünürük edikwe would have grieved | sizküyünnük edigiz2küyünnük egizküyünürük edigizyou all would have grieved | alaküyünnük edile2küyünnük elleküyünürük edilethey would have grieved |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menküyünnük tül edim2küyünnük tül emküyünürük tül edimI wouldn't have grieved | senküyünnük tül ediŋ2küyünnük tül eŋküyünürük tül ediŋyou wouldn't have grieved | olküyünnük tül edi2küyünnük tül edküyünürük tül edihe wouldn't have grieved | bizküyünnük tül edik2küyünnük tül ekküyünürük tül edikwe wouldn't have grieved | sizküyünnük tül edigiz2küyünnük tül egizküyünürük tül edigizyou all wouldn't have grieved | alaküyünnük tül edile2küyünnük tül elleküyünürük tül edilethey wouldn't have grieved |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
- Past conditional result (would have)full form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so küyünürük edi
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menküyünsemif I grieve | senküyünseŋif you grieve | olküyünseif he grieves | bizküyünsekif we grieve | sizküyünsegizif you all grieve | alaküyünseleif they grieve |
| Conditional | menküyünmesemif I don't grieve | senküyünmeseŋif you don't grieve | olküyünmeseif he doesn't grieve | bizküyünmesekif we don't grieve | sizküyünmesegizif you all don't grieve | alaküyünmeseleif they don't grieve |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menküyüne esemif I am grieving | senküyüne eseŋif you are grieving | olküyüne eseif he is grieving | bizküyüne esekif we are grieving | sizküyüne esegizif you all are grieving | alaküyüne eseleif they are grieving |
| Conditional, present real | menküyünmey esemif I am not grieving | senküyünmey eseŋif you are not grieving | olküyünmey eseif he is not grieving | bizküyünmey esekif we are not grieving | sizküyünmey esegizif you all are not grieving | alaküyünmey eseleif they are not grieving |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menküyünsem ediküyünsem edif only I grieved | senküyünseŋ ediküyünseŋ edif only you grieved | olküyünse ediküyünsedif only he grieved | bizküyünsek ediküyünsek edif only we grieved | sizküyünsegiz ediküyünsegiz edif only you all grieved | alaküyünsele ediküyünseledif only they grieved |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menküyünmesem ediküyünmesem edif only I didn't grieve | senküyünmeseŋ ediküyünmeseŋ edif only you didn't grieve | olküyünmese ediküyünmesedif only he didn't grieve | bizküyünmesek ediküyünmesek edif only we didn't grieve | sizküyünmesegiz ediküyünmesegiz edif only you all didn't grieve | alaküyünmesele ediküyünmeseledif only they didn't grieve |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menküyünüb tursamif I carry on grieving | senküyünüb tursaŋif you carry on grieving | olküyünüb tursaif he carries on grieving | bizküyünüb tursaqif we carry on grieving | sizküyünüb tursağızif you all carry on grieving | alaküyünüb tursalaif they carry on grieving |
| Durative conditional | menküyünüb turmasamif I don't carry on grieving | senküyünüb turmasaŋif you don't carry on grieving | olküyünüb turmasaif he doesn't carry on grieving | bizküyünüb turmasaqif we don't carry on grieving | sizküyünüb turmasağızif you all don't carry on grieving | alaküyünüb turmasalaif they don't carry on grieving |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menküyünüb tura esemif I have kept grieving | senküyünüb tura eseŋif you have kept grieving | olküyünüb tura eseif he has kept grieving | bizküyünüb tura esekif we have kept grieving | sizküyünüb tura esegizif you all have kept grieving | alaküyünüb tura eseleif they have kept grieving |
| Durative conditional, present real | menküyünüb turmay esemif I haven't kept grieving | senküyünüb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept grieving | olküyünüb turmay eseif he hasn't kept grieving | bizküyünüb turmay esekif we haven't kept grieving | sizküyünüb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept grieving | alaküyünüb turmay eseleif they haven't kept grieving |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menküyüne tursamif I keep grieving | senküyüne tursaŋif you keep grieving | olküyüne tursaif he keeps grieving | bizküyüne tursaqif we keep grieving | sizküyüne tursağızif you all keep grieving | alaküyüne tursalaif they keep grieving |
| Progressive conditional | menküyünmey tursamif I keep on not grieving | senküyünmey tursaŋif you keep on not grieving | olküyünmey tursaif he keeps on not grieving | bizküyünmey tursaqif we keep on not grieving | sizküyünmey tursağızif you all keep on not grieving | alaküyünmey tursalaif they keep on not grieving |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menküyüne tura esemif I am in the middle of grieving | senküyüne tura eseŋif you are in the middle of grieving | olküyüne tura eseif he is in the middle of grieving | bizküyüne tura esekif we are in the middle of grieving | sizküyüne tura esegizif you all are in the middle of grieving | alaküyüne tura eseleif they are in the middle of grieving |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menküyünmey tura esemif I keep on not grieving | senküyünmey tura eseŋif you keep on not grieving | olküyünmey tura eseif he keeps on not grieving | bizküyünmey tura esekif we keep on not grieving | sizküyünmey tura esegizif you all keep on not grieving | alaküyünmey tura eseleif they keep on not grieving |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past3 | menküyündüm esemif I grieved | senküyündüŋ eseŋif you grieved | olküyündü eseif he grieved | bizküyündük esekif we grieved | sizküyündügüz esegizif you all grieved | alaküyündüle eseleif they grieved |
| Conditional, definite past3 | menküyünmedim esemif I didn't grieve | senküyünmediŋ eseŋif you didn't grieve | olküyünmedi eseif he didn't grieve | bizküyünmedik esekif we didn't grieve | sizküyünmedigiz esegizif you all didn't grieve | alaküyünmedile eseleif they didn't grieve |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menküyünŋen esemif I did grieve (indeed) | senküyünŋen eseŋif you did grieve (indeed) | olküyünŋen eseif he did grieve (indeed) | bizküyünŋen esekif we did grieve (indeed) | sizküyünŋen esegizif you all did grieve (indeed) | alaküyünŋen eseleif they did grieve (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menküyünmegen esemif I didn't grieve (indeed) | senküyünmegen eseŋif you didn't grieve (indeed) | olküyünmegen eseif he didn't grieve (indeed) | bizküyünmegen esekif we didn't grieve (indeed) | sizküyünmegen esegizif you all didn't grieve (indeed) | alaküyünmegen eseleif they didn't grieve (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menküyünŋen bolsamif I had grieved | senküyünŋen bolsaŋif you had grieved | olküyünŋen bolsaif he had grieved | bizküyünŋen bolsaqif we had grieved | sizküyünŋen bolsağızif you all had grieved | alaküyünŋen bolsalaif they had grieved |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menküyünmegen bolsamif I hadn't grieved | senküyünmegen bolsaŋif you hadn't grieved | olküyünmegen bolsaif he hadn't grieved | bizküyünmegen bolsaqif we hadn't grieved | sizküyünmegen bolsağızif you all hadn't grieved | alaküyünmegen bolsalaif they hadn't grieved |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menküyünŋen bolsam ediküyünŋen bolsam edif only I had grieved | senküyünŋen bolsaŋ ediküyünŋen bolsaŋ edif only you had grieved | olküyünŋen bolsa ediküyünŋen bolsaedif only he had grieved | bizküyünŋen bolsaq ediküyünŋen bolsaq edif only we had grieved | sizküyünŋen bolsağız ediküyünŋen bolsağız edif only you all had grieved | alaküyünŋen bolsala ediküyünŋen bolsalaedif only they had grieved |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menküyünmegen bolsam ediküyünmegen bolsam edif only I hadn't grieved | senküyünmegen bolsaŋ ediküyünmegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't grieved | olküyünmegen bolsa ediküyünmegen bolsaedif only he hadn't grieved | bizküyünmegen bolsaq ediküyünmegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't grieved | sizküyünmegen bolsağız ediküyünmegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't grieved | alaküyünmegen bolsala ediküyünmegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't grieved |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menküyünür esemif I will grieve | senküyünür eseŋif you will grieve | olküyünür eseif he will grieve | bizküyünür esekif we will grieve | sizküyünür esegizif you all will grieve | alaküyünür eseleif they will grieve |
| Conditional, aorist | menküyünmez esemif I won't grieve | senküyünmez eseŋif you won't grieve | olküyünmez eseif he won't grieve | bizküyünmez esekif we won't grieve | sizküyünmez esegizif you all won't grieve | alaküyünmez eseleif they won't grieve |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menküyünnük esem4küyünürük esemif I am going to grieve | senküyünnük eseŋ4küyünürük eseŋif you are going to grieve | olküyünnük ese4küyünürük eseif he is going to grieve | bizküyünnük esek4küyünürük esekif we are going to grieve | sizküyünnük esegiz4küyünürük esegizif you all are going to grieve | alaküyünnük esele4küyünürük eseleif they are going to grieve |
| Conditional, future | menküyünnük tül esem4küyünürük tül esemif I am not going to grieve | senküyünnük tül eseŋ4küyünürük tül eseŋif you are not going to grieve | olküyünnük tül ese4küyünürük tül eseif he is not going to grieve | bizküyünnük tül esek4küyünürük tül esekif we are not going to grieve | sizküyünnük tül esegiz4küyünürük tül esegizif you all are not going to grieve | alaküyünnük tül esele4küyünürük tül eseleif they are not going to grieve |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menküyünnük bolsam5küyünürük bolsamif I were going to grieve | senküyünnük bolsaŋ5küyünürük bolsaŋif you were going to grieve | olküyünnük bolsa5küyünürük bolsaif he were going to grieve | bizküyünnük bolsaq5küyünürük bolsaqif we were going to grieve | sizküyünnük bolsağız5küyünürük bolsağızif you all were going to grieve | alaküyünnük bolsala5küyünürük bolsalaif they were going to grieve |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menküyünmezlik bolsamif I were not going to grieve | senküyünmezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to grieve | olküyünmezlik bolsaif he were not going to grieve | bizküyünmezlik bolsaqif we were not going to grieve | sizküyünmezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to grieve | alaküyünmezlik bolsalaif they were not going to grieve |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso küyündüŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
- Conditional, futurefull form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so küyünürük ese
- Conditional, counterfactual futurefull form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so küyünürük bolsa
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menküyüne bolurmaI must be grieving | senküyüne bolursayou must be grieving | olküyüne bolurhe must be grieving | bizküyüne bolurbuzwe must be grieving | sizküyüne bolursuzyou all must be grieving | alaküyüne bolurlathey must be grieving |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menküyünmey bolurmaI must not be grieving | senküyünmey bolursayou must not be grieving | olküyünmey bolurhe must not be grieving | bizküyünmey bolurbuzwe must not be grieving | sizküyünmey bolursuzyou all must not be grieving | alaküyünmey bolurlathey must not be grieving |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menküyüne tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of grieving | senküyüne tura bolursayou must be in the middle of grieving | olküyüne tura bolurhe must be in the middle of grieving | bizküyüne tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of grieving | sizküyüne tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of grieving | alaküyüne tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of grieving |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menküyünmey tura bolurmaI must keep on not grieving | senküyünmey tura bolursayou must keep on not grieving | olküyünmey tura bolurhe must keep on not grieving | bizküyünmey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not grieving | sizküyünmey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not grieving | alaküyünmey tura bolurlathey must keep on not grieving |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menküyünŋen bolurmaI must have grieved | senküyünŋen bolursayou must have grieved | olküyünŋen bolurhe must have grieved | bizküyünŋen bolurbuzwe must have grieved | sizküyünŋen bolursuzyou all must have grieved | alaküyünŋen bolurlathey must have grieved |
| Inference (must have) | menküyünmegen bolurmaI must not have grieved | senküyünmegen bolursayou must not have grieved | olküyünmegen bolurhe must not have grieved | bizküyünmegen bolurbuzwe must not have grieved | sizküyünmegen bolursuzyou all must not have grieved | alaküyünmegen bolurlathey must not have grieved |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menküyünnük bolurma6küyünürük bolurmaI must be going to grieve | senküyünnük bolursa6küyünürük bolursayou must be going to grieve | olküyünnük bolur6küyünürük bolurhe must be going to grieve | bizküyünnük bolurbuz6küyünürük bolurbuzwe must be going to grieve | sizküyünnük bolursuz6küyünürük bolursuzyou all must be going to grieve | alaküyünnük bolurla6küyünürük bolurlathey must be going to grieve |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menküyünmezlik bolurmaI must not be going to grieve | senküyünmezlik bolursayou must not be going to grieve | olküyünmezlik bolurhe must not be going to grieve | bizküyünmezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to grieve | sizküyünmezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to grieve | alaküyünmezlik bolurlathey must not be going to grieve |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Inference, future (must be going to)full form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so küyünürük bolur
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menküyüneyimlet me grieve | senküyün!grieve! | olküyünsünlet him grieve | bizküyüneyiklet's grieve | sizküyünügüz!grieve, you all! | alaküyünsünlelet them grieve |
| Commands & suggestions | menküyünmeyimlet me not grieve | senküyünme!don't grieve! | olküyünmesinlet him not grieve | bizküyünmeyiklet's not grieve | sizküyünmegiz!don't grieve, you all! | alaküyünmesinlelet them not grieve |
| Commands & suggestions | menküyüneyimmi?shall I grieve? | olküyünsünmü?should he grieve? | bizküyüneyikmi?shall we grieve? | alaküyünsünlemi?should they grieve? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menküyünmeyimmi?shall I not grieve? | olküyünmesinmi?should he not grieve? | bizküyünmeyikmi?shall we not grieve? | alaküyünmesinlemi?should they not grieve? | ||
| Requests | senküyünçü7küyünçünplease grieve | olküyünsünçüdo let him grieve | sizküyünçügüzplease grieve (plural/polite) | alaküyünsünleçido let them grieve | ||
| Requests | senküyünmeçi7küyünmeçinplease don't grieve | olküyünmesinçido let him not grieve | sizküyünmeçigizplease don't grieve (plural/polite) | alaküyünmesinleçido let them not grieve | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senküyünŋünküyünŋümay you grieve | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senküyünmeginküyünmegimay you not grieve | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menküyünŋey edim küyünŋe edimwould that I grieved | senküyünŋey ediŋ küyünŋe ediŋwould that you grieved | olküyünŋey edi küyünŋe ediwould that he grieved | bizküyünŋey edik küyünŋe edikwould that we grieved | sizküyünŋey edigiz küyünŋe edigizwould that you all grieved | alaküyünŋey edile küyünŋe edilewould that they grieved |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menküyünmegey edim küyünmege edimwould that I did not grieve | senküyünmegey ediŋ küyünmege ediŋwould that you did not grieve | olküyünmegey edi küyünmege ediwould that he did not grieve | bizküyünmegey edik küyünmege edikwould that we did not grieve | sizküyünmegey edigiz küyünmege edigizwould that you all did not grieve | alaküyünmegey edile küyünmege edilewould that they did not grieve |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menküyünmege qoyayımküyünme qoyayımlet me allow someone to grieve | senküyünmege qoy!küyünme qoy!let someone grieve! | olküyünmege qoysunküyünme qoysunlet him allow someone to grieve | bizküyünmege qoyayıqküyünme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to grieve | sizküyünmege qoyuğuz!küyünme qoyuğuz!let someone grieve, you all! | alaküyünmege qoysunlaküyünme qoysunlalet them allow someone to grieve |
| Let someone… (commands) | menküyünmege qoymayımküyünme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to grieve | senküyünmege qoyma!küyünme qoyma!don't let someone grieve! | olküyünmege qoymasınküyünme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to grieve | bizküyünmege qoymayıqküyünme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to grieve | sizküyünmege qoymağız!küyünme qoymağız!don't let someone grieve, you all! | alaküyünmege qoymasınlaküyünme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to grieve |
| Let someone… (commands) | menküyünmege qoyayımmı?küyünme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to grieve? | olküyünmege qoysunmu?küyünme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to grieve? | bizküyünmege qoyayıqmı?küyünme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to grieve? | alaküyünmege qoysunlamı?küyünme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to grieve? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menküyünmege qoymayımmı?küyünme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to grieve? | olküyünmege qoymasınmı?küyünme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to grieve? | bizküyünmege qoymayıqmı?küyünme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to grieve? | alaküyünmege qoymasınlamı?küyünme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to grieve? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menküyünmege qoyamaküyünme qoyamaI allow someone to grieve | senküyünmege qoyasaküyünme qoyasayou allow someone to grieve | olküyünmege qoyadıküyünme qoyadıhe allows someone to grieve | bizküyünmege qoyabızküyünme qoyabızwe allow someone to grieve | sizküyünmege qoyasızküyünme qoyasızyou all allow someone to grieve | alaküyünmege qoyadılaküyünme qoyadılathey allow someone to grieve |
| Let someone… (present) | menküyünmege qoymaymaküyünme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to grieve | senküyünmege qoymaysaküyünme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to grieve | olküyünmege qoymaydıküyünme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to grieve | bizküyünmege qoymaybızküyünme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to grieve | sizküyünmege qoymaysızküyünme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to grieve | alaküyünmege qoymaydılaküyünme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to grieve |
| Let someone… (present) | menküyünmege qoyamamı?küyünme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to grieve? | senküyünmege qoyamısa?küyünme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to grieve? | olküyünmege qoyamıdı?küyünme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to grieve? | bizküyünmege qoyabızmı?küyünme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to grieve? | sizküyünmege qoyamısız?küyünme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to grieve? | alaküyünmege qoyamıdıla?küyünme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to grieve? |
| Let someone… (present) | menküyünmege qoymaymamı?küyünme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to grieve? | senküyünmege qoymaymısa?küyünme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to grieve? | olküyünmege qoymaymıdı?küyünme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to grieve? | bizküyünmege qoymaybızmı?küyünme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to grieve? | sizküyünmege qoymaymısız?küyünme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to grieve? | alaküyünmege qoymaymıdıla?küyünme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to grieve? |
| Let someone… (past) | menküyünmege qoydumküyünme qoydumI allowed someone to grieve | senküyünmege qoyduŋküyünme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to grieve | olküyünmege qoyduküyünme qoyduhe allowed someone to grieve | bizküyünmege qoyduqküyünme qoyduqwe allowed someone to grieve | sizküyünmege qoyduğuzküyünme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to grieve | alaküyünmege qoydulaküyünme qoydulathey allowed someone to grieve |
| Let someone… (past) | menküyünmege qoymadımküyünme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to grieve | senküyünmege qoymadıŋküyünme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to grieve | olküyünmege qoymadıküyünme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to grieve | bizküyünmege qoymadıqküyünme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to grieve | sizküyünmege qoymadığızküyünme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to grieve | alaküyünmege qoymadılaküyünme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to grieve |
| Let someone… (past) | menküyünmege qoydummu?küyünme qoydummu?did I allow someone to grieve? | senküyünmege qoyduŋmu?küyünme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to grieve? | olküyünmege qoydumu?küyünme qoydumu?did he allow someone to grieve? | bizküyünmege qoyduqmu?küyünme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to grieve? | sizküyünmege qoyduğuzmu?küyünme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to grieve? | alaküyünmege qoydulamı?küyünme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to grieve? |
| Let someone… (past) | menküyünmege qoymadımmı?küyünme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to grieve? | senküyünmege qoymadıŋmı?küyünme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to grieve? | olküyünmege qoymadımı?küyünme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to grieve? | bizküyünmege qoymadıqmı?küyünme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to grieve? | sizküyünmege qoymadığızmı?küyünme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to grieve? | alaküyünmege qoymadılamı?küyünme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to grieve? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menküyünalamaI can grieve | senküyünalasayou can grieve | olküyünaladıhe can grieve | bizküyünalabızwe can grieve | sizküyünalasızyou all can grieve | alaküyünaladılathey can grieve |
| Ability — present | menküyünalmaymaI can't grieve | senküyünalmaysayou can't grieve | olküyünalmaydıhe can't grieve | bizküyünalmaybızwe can't grieve | sizküyünalmaysızyou all can't grieve | alaküyünalmaydılathey can't grieve |
| Ability — present | menküyünalamamı? küyünalamıma?can I grieve? | senküyünalamısa?can you grieve? | olküyünalamıdı?can he grieve? | bizküyünalabızmı? küyünalamıbız?can we grieve? | sizküyünalamısız?can you all grieve? | alaküyünalamıdıla?can they grieve? |
| Ability — present | menküyünalmaymamı? küyünalmaymıma?can't I grieve? | senküyünalmaymısa?can't you grieve? | olküyünalmaymıdı?can't he grieve? | bizküyünalmaybızmı? küyünalmaymıbız?can't we grieve? | sizküyünalmaymısız?can't you all grieve? | alaküyünalmaymıdıla?can't they grieve? |
| Ability — if I can… | menküyünalsamif I can grieve | senküyünalsaŋif you can grieve | olküyünalsaif he can grieve | bizküyünalsaqif we can grieve | sizküyünalsağızif you all can grieve | alaküyünalsalaif they can grieve |
| Ability — if I can… | menküyünalmasamif I can't grieve | senküyünalmasaŋif you can't grieve | olküyünalmasaif he can't grieve | bizküyünalmasaqif we can't grieve | sizküyünalmasağızif you all can't grieve | alaküyünalmasalaif they can't grieve |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menküyünaldımI was able to grieve | senküyünaldıŋyou were able to grieve | olküyünaldıhe was able to grieve | bizküyünaldıqwe were able to grieve | sizküyünaldığızyou all were able to grieve | alaküyünaldılathey were able to grieve |
| Ability — simple past | menküyünalmadımI could not grieve | senküyünalmadıŋyou could not grieve | olküyünalmadıhe could not grieve | bizküyünalmadıqwe could not grieve | sizküyünalmadığızyou all could not grieve | alaküyünalmadılathey could not grieve |
| Ability — simple past | menküyünaldımmı?was I able to grieve? | senküyünaldıŋmı?were you able to grieve? | olküyünaldımı?was he able to grieve? | bizküyünaldıqmı?were we able to grieve? | sizküyünaldığızmı?were you all able to grieve? | alaküyünaldılamı?were they able to grieve? |
| Ability — simple past | menküyünalmadımmı?couldn't I grieve? | senküyünalmadıŋmı?couldn't you grieve? | olküyünalmadımı?couldn't he grieve? | bizküyünalmadıqmı?couldn't we grieve? | sizküyünalmadığızmı?couldn't you all grieve? | alaküyünalmadılamı?couldn't they grieve? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menküyünalğanmaI have been able to grieve | senküyünalğansayou have been able to grieve | olküyünalğandıhe has been able to grieve | bizküyünalğanbızwe have been able to grieve | sizküyünalğansızyou all have been able to grieve | alaküyünalğandılathey have been able to grieve |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menküyünalmağanmaI haven't been able to grieve | senküyünalmağansayou haven't been able to grieve | olküyünalmağandıhe hasn't been able to grieve | bizküyünalmağanbızwe haven't been able to grieve | sizküyünalmağansızyou all haven't been able to grieve | alaküyünalmağandılathey haven't been able to grieve |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menküyünalğanmamı? küyünalğanmıma?have I been able to grieve? | senküyünalğanmısa?have you been able to grieve? | olküyünalğanmıdı?has he been able to grieve? | bizküyünalğanbızmı? küyünalğanmıbız?have we been able to grieve? | sizküyünalğanmısız?have you all been able to grieve? | alaküyünalğanmıdıla?have they been able to grieve? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menküyünalmağanmamı? küyünalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to grieve? | senküyünalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to grieve? | olküyünalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to grieve? | bizküyünalmağanbızmı? küyünalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to grieve? | sizküyünalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to grieve? | alaküyünalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to grieve? |
| Ability — past perfect | menküyünalğan edimküyünalğanemI had been able to grieve | senküyünalğan ediŋküyünalğaneŋyou had been able to grieve | olküyünalğan ediküyünalğanedhe had been able to grieve | bizküyünalğan edikküyünalğanekwe had been able to grieve | sizküyünalğan edigizküyünalğanegizyou all had been able to grieve | alaküyünalğan edileküyünalğanellethey had been able to grieve |
| Ability — past perfect | menküyünalmağan edimküyünalmağanemI hadn't been able to grieve | senküyünalmağan ediŋküyünalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to grieve | olküyünalmağan ediküyünalmağanedhe hadn't been able to grieve | bizküyünalmağan edikküyünalmağanekwe hadn't been able to grieve | sizküyünalmağan edigizküyünalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to grieve | alaküyünalmağan edileküyünalmağanellethey hadn't been able to grieve |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menküyünala edimküyünalaemI could grieve | senküyünala ediŋküyünalaeŋyou could grieve | olküyünala ediküyünalaedhe could grieve | bizküyünala edikküyünalaekwe could grieve | sizküyünala edigizküyünalaegizyou all could grieve | alaküyünala edileküyünalaellethey could grieve |
| Ability — past background | menküyünalmay edimküyünalmayemI could not grieve | senküyünalmay ediŋküyünalmayeŋyou could not grieve | olküyünalmay ediküyünalmayedhe could not grieve | bizküyünalmay edikküyünalmayekwe could not grieve | sizküyünalmay edigizküyünalmayegizyou all could not grieve | alaküyünalmay edileküyünalmayellethey could not grieve |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menküyünalırmaI will be able to grieve | senküyünalırsayou will be able to grieve | olküyünalırhe will be able to grieve | bizküyünalırbızwe will be able to grieve | sizküyünalırsızyou all will be able to grieve | alaküyünalırlathey will be able to grieve |
| Ability — future I | menküyünalmazmaI won't be able to grieve | senküyünalmazsayou won't be able to grieve | olküyünalmazhe won't be able to grieve | bizküyünalmazbızwe won't be able to grieve | sizküyünalmazsızyou all won't be able to grieve | alaküyünalmazlathey won't be able to grieve |
| Ability — future I | menküyünalırmamı? küyünalırmıma?will I be able to grieve? | senküyünalırmısa?will you be able to grieve? | olküyünalırmı?will he be able to grieve? | bizküyünalırbızmı? küyünalırmıbız?will we be able to grieve? | sizküyünalırmısız?will you all be able to grieve? | alaküyünalırlamı? küyünalırmıla?will they be able to grieve? |
| Ability — future I | menküyünalmazmamı? küyünalmazmıma?won't I be able to grieve? | senküyünalmazmısa?won't you be able to grieve? | olküyünalmazmı?won't he be able to grieve? | bizküyünalmazbızmı? küyünalmazmıbız?won't we be able to grieve? | sizküyünalmazmısız?won't you all be able to grieve? | alaküyünalmazlamı? küyünalmazmıla?won't they be able to grieve? |
| Ability — future II | menküyünallıqmaI am going to be able to grieve | senküyünallıqsayou are going to be able to grieve | olküyünallıqdıhe is going to be able to grieve | bizküyünallıqbızwe are going to be able to grieve | sizküyünallıqsızyou all are going to be able to grieve | alaküyünallıqdılathey are going to be able to grieve |
| Ability — future II | menküyünallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to grieve | senküyünallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to grieve | olküyünallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to grieve | bizküyünallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to grieve | sizküyünallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to grieve | alaküyünallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to grieve |
| Ability — future II | menküyünallıqmamı? küyünallıqmıma?am I going to be able to grieve? | senküyünallıqmısa?are you going to be able to grieve? | olküyünallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to grieve? | bizküyünallıqbızmı? küyünallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to grieve? | sizküyünallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to grieve? | alaküyünallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to grieve? |
| Ability — future II | menküyünallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to grieve? | senküyünallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to grieve? | olküyünallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to grieve? | bizküyünallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to grieve? | sizküyünallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to grieve? | alaküyünallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to grieve? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menküyünalır edimküyünalır emI would be able to grieve | senküyünalır ediŋküyünalır eŋyou would be able to grieve | olküyünalır ediküyünalır edhe would be able to grieve | bizküyünalır edikküyünalır ekwe would be able to grieve | sizküyünalır edigizküyünalır egizyou all would be able to grieve | alaküyünalır edileküyünalır ellethey would be able to grieve |
| Ability — would be able to… | menküyünalmaz edimküyünalmaz emI wouldn't be able to grieve | senküyünalmaz ediŋküyünalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to grieve | olküyünalmaz ediküyünalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to grieve | bizküyünalmaz edikküyünalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to grieve | sizküyünalmaz edigizküyünalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to grieve | alaküyünalmaz edileküyünalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to grieve |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senküyünalğınküyünalğımay you be able to grieve | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senküyünalmağınküyünalmağımay you not be able to grieve | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menküyünürge izleymeI want to grieve | senküyünürge izleyseyou want to grieve | olküyünürge izleydihe wants to grieve | bizküyünürge izleybizwe want to grieve | sizküyünürge izleysizyou all want to grieve | alaküyünürge izleydilethey want to grieve |
| want to | menküyünürge izlemeymeI do not want to grieve | senküyünürge izlemeyseyou do not want to grieve | olküyünürge izlemeydihe does not want to grieve | bizküyünürge izlemeybizwe do not want to grieve | sizküyünürge izlemeysizyou all do not want to grieve | alaküyünürge izlemeydilethey do not want to grieve |
| would like to | menküyünürge süemeI would like to grieve | senküyünürge süeseyou would like to grieve | olküyünürge süedihe would like to grieve | bizküyünürge süebizwe would like to grieve | sizküyünürge süesizyou all would like to grieve | alaküyünürge süedilethey would like to grieve |
| would like to | menküyünürge süymeymeI would not like to grieve | senküyünürge süymeyseyou would not like to grieve | olküyünürge süymeydihe would not like to grieve | bizküyünürge süymeybizwe would not like to grieve | sizküyünürge süymeysizyou all would not like to grieve | alaküyünürge süymeydilethey would not like to grieve |
| hope to | menküyünürge umutlanamaI hope to grieve | senküyünürge umutlanasayou hope to grieve | olküyünürge umutlanadıhe hopes to grieve | bizküyünürge umutlanabızwe hope to grieve | sizküyünürge umutlanasızyou all hope to grieve | alaküyünürge umutlanadılathey hope to grieve |
| hope to | menküyünürge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to grieve | senküyünürge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to grieve | olküyünürge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to grieve | bizküyünürge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to grieve | sizküyünürge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to grieve | alaküyünürge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to grieve |
| be about to | menküyünürge deb turamaI am about to grieve | senküyünürge deb turasayou are about to grieve | olküyünürge deb turadıhe is about to grieve | bizküyünürge deb turabızwe are about to grieve | sizküyünürge deb turasızyou all are about to grieve | alaküyünürge deb turadılathey are about to grieve |
| be about to | menküyünürge deb turmaymaI am not about to grieve | senküyünürge deb turmaysayou are not about to grieve | olküyünürge deb turmaydıhe is not about to grieve | bizküyünürge deb turmaybızwe are not about to grieve | sizküyünürge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to grieve | alaküyünürge deb turmaydılathey are not about to grieve |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menküyünürge kerekmeI need to grieve | senküyünürge kerekseyou need to grieve | olküyünürge kerekdihe needs to grieve | bizküyünürge kerekbizwe need to grieve | sizküyünürge kereksizyou all need to grieve | alaküyünürge kerekdilethey need to grieve |
| need to | menküyünürge kerek tülmeI do not need to grieve | senküyünürge kerek tülseyou do not need to grieve | olküyünürge kerek tüldühe does not need to grieve | bizküyünürge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to grieve | sizküyünürge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to grieve | alaküyünürge kerek tüldülethey do not need to grieve |
| have to | menmenŋe küyünürge tüşediI have to grieve | sensenŋe küyünürge tüşediyou have to grieve | olaŋa küyünürge tüşedihe has to grieve | bizbizge küyünürge tüşediwe have to grieve | sizsizge küyünürge tüşediyou all have to grieve | alaalağa küyünürge tüşedithey have to grieve |
| have to | menmenŋe küyünürge tüşmeydiI do not have to grieve | sensenŋe küyünürge tüşmeydiyou do not have to grieve | olaŋa küyünürge tüşmeydihe does not have to grieve | bizbizge küyünürge tüşmeydiwe do not have to grieve | sizsizge küyünürge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to grieve | alaalağa küyünürge tüşmeydithey do not have to grieve |
| be obliged to | menküyünürge borçlumaI am obliged to grieve | senküyünürge borçlusayou are obliged to grieve | olküyünürge borçluduhe is obliged to grieve | bizküyünürge borçlubuzwe are obliged to grieve | sizküyünürge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to grieve | alaküyünürge borçludulathey are obliged to grieve |
| be obliged to | menküyünürge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to grieve | senküyünürge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to grieve | olküyünürge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to grieve | bizküyünürge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to grieve | sizküyünürge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to grieve | alaküyünürge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to grieve |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menküyünürge madarım bardıI have a way to grieve | senküyünürge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to grieve | olküyünürge madarı bardıhe has a way to grieve | bizküyünürge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to grieve | sizküyünürge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to grieve | alaküyünürge madarları bardıthey have a way to grieve |
| have a way to | menküyünürge madarım joqduI have no way to grieve | senküyünürge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to grieve | olküyünürge madarı joqduhe has no way to grieve | bizküyünürge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to grieve | sizküyünürge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to grieve | alaküyünürge madarları joqduthey have no way to grieve |
| be free to | menküyünürge erkinligim bardıI am free to grieve | senküyünürge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to grieve | olküyünürge erkinligi bardıhe is free to grieve | bizküyünürge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to grieve | sizküyünürge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to grieve | alaküyünürge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to grieve |
| be free to | menküyünürge erkinligim joqduI am not free to grieve | senküyünürge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to grieve | olküyünürge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to grieve | bizküyünürge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to grieve | sizküyünürge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to grieve | alaküyünürge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to grieve |
| be possible to | menmenŋe küyünürge bolluqduit is possible for me to grieve | sensenŋe küyünürge bolluqduit is possible for you to grieve | olaŋa küyünürge bolluqduit is possible for him to grieve | bizbizge küyünürge bolluqduit is possible for us to grieve | sizsizge küyünürge bolluqduit is possible for you all to grieve | alaalağa küyünürge bolluqduit is possible for them to grieve |
| be possible to | menmenŋe küyünürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to grieve | sensenŋe küyünürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to grieve | olaŋa küyünürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to grieve | bizbizge küyünürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to grieve | sizsizge küyünürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to grieve | alaalağa küyünürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to grieve |
| be ready to | menküyünürge hazırmaI am ready to grieve | senküyünürge hazırsayou are ready to grieve | olküyünürge hazırdıhe is ready to grieve | bizküyünürge hazırbızwe are ready to grieve | sizküyünürge hazırsızyou all are ready to grieve | alaküyünürge hazırdılathey are ready to grieve |
| be ready to | menküyünürge hazır tülmeI am not ready to grieve | senküyünürge hazır tülseyou are not ready to grieve | olküyünürge hazır tüldühe is not ready to grieve | bizküyünürge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to grieve | sizküyünürge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to grieve | alaküyünürge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to grieve |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menküyünürge küreşemeI am trying to grieve | senküyünürge küreşeseyou are trying to grieve | olküyünürge küreşedihe is trying to grieve | bizküyünürge küreşebizwe are trying to grieve | sizküyünürge küreşesizyou all are trying to grieve | alaküyünürge küreşedilethey are trying to grieve |
| try to | menküyünürge küreşmeymeI am not trying to grieve | senküyünürge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to grieve | olküyünürge küreşmeydihe is not trying to grieve | bizküyünürge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to grieve | sizküyünürge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to grieve | alaküyünürge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to grieve |
| agree to | menküyünürge unaymaI agree to grieve | senküyünürge unaysayou agree to grieve | olküyünürge unaydıhe agrees to grieve | bizküyünürge unaybızwe agree to grieve | sizküyünürge unaysızyou all agree to grieve | alaküyünürge unaydılathey agree to grieve |
| agree to | menküyünürge unamaymaI refuse to grieve | senküyünürge unamaysayou refuse to grieve | olküyünürge unamaydıhe refuses to grieve | bizküyünürge unamaybızwe refuse to grieve | sizküyünürge unamaysızyou all refuse to grieve | alaküyünürge unamaydılathey refuse to grieve |
| hurry to | menküyünürge aşığamaI am in a hurry to grieve | senküyünürge aşığasayou are in a hurry to grieve | olküyünürge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to grieve | bizküyünürge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to grieve | sizküyünürge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to grieve | alaküyünürge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to grieve |
| hurry to | menküyünürge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to grieve | senküyünürge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to grieve | olküyünürge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to grieve | bizküyünürge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to grieve | sizküyünürge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to grieve | alaküyünürge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to grieve |
| be afraid to | menküyünürge qorqamaI am afraid to grieve | senküyünürge qorqasayou are afraid to grieve | olküyünürge qorqadıhe is afraid to grieve | bizküyünürge qorqabızwe are afraid to grieve | sizküyünürge qorqasızyou all are afraid to grieve | alaküyünürge qorqadılathey are afraid to grieve |
| be afraid to | menküyünürge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to grieve | senküyünürge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to grieve | olküyünürge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to grieve | bizküyünürge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to grieve | sizküyünürge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to grieve | alaküyünürge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to grieve |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menküyüne bolmazmaI can't be grieving | senküyüne bolmazsayou can't be grieving | olküyüne bolmazhe can't be grieving | bizküyüne bolmazbızwe can't be grieving | sizküyüne bolmazsızyou all can't be grieving | alaküyüne bolmazlathey can't be grieving |
| Inference, present — double negation | menküyünmey bolmazmaI must be grieving (emphatic) | senküyünmey bolmazsayou must be grieving (emphatic) | olküyünmey bolmazhe must be grieving (emphatic) | bizküyünmey bolmazbızwe must be grieving (emphatic) | sizküyünmey bolmazsızyou all must be grieving (emphatic) | alaküyünmey bolmazlathey must be grieving (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menküyüne turmasamif I don't keep grieving | senküyüne turmasaŋif you don't keep grieving | olküyüne turmasaif he doesn't keep grieving | bizküyüne turmasaqif we don't keep grieving | sizküyüne turmasağızif you all don't keep grieving | alaküyüne turmasalaif they don't keep grieving |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menküyüne tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of grieving | senküyüne tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of grieving | olküyüne tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of grieving | bizküyüne tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of grieving | sizküyüne tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of grieving | alaküyüne tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of grieving |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menküyünmey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not grieving (emphatic) | senküyünmey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not grieving (emphatic) | olküyünmey tura bolmazhe must keep on not grieving (emphatic) | bizküyünmey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not grieving (emphatic) | sizküyünmey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not grieving (emphatic) | alaküyünmey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not grieving (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menküyünmey turamaI keep on not grieving | senküyünmey turasayou keep on not grieving | olküyünmey turadıhe keeps on not grieving | bizküyünmey turabızwe keep on not grieving | sizküyünmey turasızyou all keep on not grieving | alaküyünmey turadılathey keep on not grieving |
| Progressive — double negation | menküyünmey turmaymaI am not keeping on not grieving | senküyünmey turmaysayou are not keeping on not grieving | olküyünmey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not grieving | bizküyünmey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not grieving | sizküyünmey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not grieving | alaküyünmey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not grieving |
| Progressive — double negation | menküyünmey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not grieving? | senküyünmey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not grieving? | olküyünmey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not grieving? | bizküyünmey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not grieving? | sizküyünmey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not grieving? | alaküyünmey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not grieving? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menküyünŋen bolmazmaI can't have grieved | senküyünŋen bolmazsayou can't have grieved | olküyünŋen bolmazhe can't have grieved | bizküyünŋen bolmazbızwe can't have grieved | sizküyünŋen bolmazsızyou all can't have grieved | alaküyünŋen bolmazlathey can't have grieved |
| Inference — double negation | menküyünmegen bolmazmaI must have grieved (emphatic) | senküyünmegen bolmazsayou must have grieved (emphatic) | olküyünmegen bolmazhe must have grieved (emphatic) | bizküyünmegen bolmazbızwe must have grieved (emphatic) | sizküyünmegen bolmazsızyou all must have grieved (emphatic) | alaküyünmegen bolmazlathey must have grieved (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menküyünŋen bolmasamif it weren't that I had grieved | senküyünŋen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had grieved | olküyünŋen bolmasaif it weren't that he had grieved | bizküyünŋen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had grieved | sizküyünŋen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had grieved | alaküyünŋen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had grieved |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menküyünmegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't grieved | senküyünmegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't grieved | olküyünmegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't grieved | bizküyünmegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't grieved | sizküyünmegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't grieved | alaküyünmegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't grieved |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menküyünnük bolmazmaI can't be going to grieve | senküyünnük bolmazsayou can't be going to grieve | olküyünnük bolmazhe can't be going to grieve | bizküyünnük bolmazbızwe can't be going to grieve | sizküyünnük bolmazsızyou all can't be going to grieve | alaküyünnük bolmazlathey can't be going to grieve |
| Inference, future — double negation | menküyünmezlik bolmazmaI must be going to grieve (emphatic) | senküyünmezlik bolmazsayou must be going to grieve (emphatic) | olküyünmezlik bolmazhe must be going to grieve (emphatic) | bizküyünmezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to grieve (emphatic) | sizküyünmezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to grieve (emphatic) | alaküyünmezlik bolmazlathey must be going to grieve (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menküyünnük bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to grieve | senküyünnük bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to grieve | olküyünnük bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to grieve | bizküyünnük bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to grieve | sizküyünnük bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to grieve | alaküyünnük bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to grieve |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menküyünmezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to grieve | senküyünmezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to grieve | olküyünmezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to grieve | bizküyünmezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to grieve | sizküyünmezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to grieve | alaküyünmezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to grieve |