jaşarğa
/dʒaʃarʁa/
1. live, exist
- qartlıqğa jaşarğa — to live to old age
- ullu atam tohsan jıl jaşağandı — my grandfather lived ninety years
- jaşarın jaşamağan — who did not live out his life
- sen köb jaşağın — may you live long
2. reside, live (somewhere)
- men elde jaşayma — I live in a village
- ol tawda jaşaydı — he lives in the mountains
- şaharda jaşağan adamla — the people living in the city
- adam jaşamağan ayrımkan — an island where no people live
3. dwell, inhabit, be found — Said of animals and other creatures living in a place, as in çabaq suwda jaşaydı 'fish live in water'.
- çabaq suwda jaşaydı — fish live in water
- maymulla tropiklede jaşaydıla — monkeys live in the tropics
- bu kölde çabaq jaşamaydı — no fish live in this lake
- tawda kiyikle jaşaydıla — wild animals live in the mountains
- mında quşla jaşaydıla — birds dwell here
4. live in a certain way, lead a life
- qart kesi allına jaşay edi — the old man lived on his own
- rahat jaşa — live in peace
- ala igi jaşaydıla — they live well
5. subsist, make a living (by something)
- atanı aylığı bla jaşay edi — lived on the father's wages
- birew bergen bla birew jaşamaz — one will not live on what another gives
- biz işleb jaşaybız — we make a living by working
6. live together (with someone), cohabit one source
- birge jaşarğa — to live together
- seni bla jaşağandan ese — rather than living with you
- ala birge jaşaydıla — they live together
7. live on, remain (of thoughts and feelings, in the mind or heart) one source
- ömürlede jaşar atı — his name will live on for ages
- ol söz jüregimde jaşaydı — that word lives on in my heart
Expressions
- ölmey-qalmay jaşarğa — barely scrape by
- az aşadıŋ ese da, köb jaşa — may you live long
- az jaşab, köb körürge — endure much hardship
- bal bla jaw kibik jaşarğa — live in harmony
Conjugation
Common forms
- jaşaydıhe is living
- jaşadıhe lived
- jaşağandıhe has lived
- jaşarhe will live
- jaşarıqdıhe is going to live
- jaşay edihe was living
- jaşasaif he lives
- jaşa!live!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjaşaymaI am living | senjaşaysayou are living | oljaşaydıhe is living | bizjaşaybızwe are living | sizjaşaysızyou all are living | alajaşaydılathey are living |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjaşamaymaI am not living | senjaşamaysayou are not living | oljaşamaydıhe is not living | bizjaşamaybızwe are not living | sizjaşamaysızyou all are not living | alajaşamaydılathey are not living |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjaşaymamı? jaşaymıma?am I living? | senjaşaymısa?are you living? | oljaşaymıdı?is he living? | bizjaşaybızmı? jaşaymıbız?are we living? | sizjaşaymısız?are you all living? | alajaşaymıdıla?are they living? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjaşamaymamı? jaşamaymıma?aren't I living? | senjaşamaymısa?aren't you living? | oljaşamaymıdı?isn't he living? | bizjaşamaybızmı? jaşamaymıbız?aren't we living? | sizjaşamaymısız?aren't you all living? | alajaşamaymıdıla?aren't they living? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjaşawçanmaI usually live | senjaşawçansayou usually live | oljaşawçandıhe usually lives | bizjaşawçanbızwe usually live | sizjaşawçansızyou all usually live | alajaşawçandılathey usually live |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjaşamawçanmaI usually don't live | senjaşamawçansayou usually don't live | oljaşamawçandıhe usually doesn't live | bizjaşamawçanbızwe usually don't live | sizjaşamawçansızyou all usually don't live | alajaşamawçandılathey usually don't live |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjaşawçanmamı? jaşawçanmıma?do I usually live? | senjaşawçanmısa?do you usually live? | oljaşawçanmıdı?does he usually live? | bizjaşawçanbızmı? jaşawçanmıbız?do we usually live? | sizjaşawçanmısız?do you all usually live? | alajaşawçanmıdıla?do they usually live? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjaşamawçanmamı? jaşamawçanmıma?do I usually not live? | senjaşamawçanmısa?do you usually not live? | oljaşamawçanmıdı?does he usually not live? | bizjaşamawçanbızmı? jaşamawçanmıbız?do we usually not live? | sizjaşamawçanmısız?do you all usually not live? | alajaşamawçanmıdıla?do they usually not live? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oljaşabdıhe has lived and remains so | alajaşabdılathey have lived and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oljaşabmıdı?has he lived? | alajaşabmıdıla?have they lived? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjaşab turamaI keep living | senjaşab turasayou keep living | oljaşab turadıhe keeps living | bizjaşab turabızwe keep living | sizjaşab turasızyou all keep living | alajaşab turadılathey keep living |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjaşab turmaymaI don't keep living | senjaşab turmaysayou don't keep living | oljaşab turmaydıhe doesn't keep living | bizjaşab turmaybızwe don't keep living | sizjaşab turmaysızyou all don't keep living | alajaşab turmaydılathey don't keep living |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjaşab turamamı? jaşab turamıma?do I keep living? | senjaşab turamısa?do you keep living? | oljaşab turamıdı?does he keep living? | bizjaşab turabızmı? jaşab turamıbız?do we keep living? | sizjaşab turamısız?do you all keep living? | alajaşab turamıdıla?do they keep living? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjaşab turmaymamı? jaşab turmaymıma?don't I keep living? | senjaşab turmaymısa?don't you keep living? | oljaşab turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep living? | bizjaşab turmaybızmı? jaşab turmaymıbız?don't we keep living? | sizjaşab turmaymısız?don't you all keep living? | alajaşab turmaymıdıla?don't they keep living? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjaşay turamaI am in the middle of living | senjaşay turasayou are in the middle of living | oljaşay turadıhe is in the middle of living | bizjaşay turabızwe are in the middle of living | sizjaşay turasızyou all are in the middle of living | alajaşay turadılathey are in the middle of living |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjaşay turmaymaI am not in the middle of living | senjaşay turmaysayou are not in the middle of living | oljaşay turmaydıhe is not in the middle of living | bizjaşay turmaybızwe are not in the middle of living | sizjaşay turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of living | alajaşay turmaydılathey are not in the middle of living |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjaşay turamamı? jaşay turamıma?am I in the middle of living? | senjaşay turamısa?are you in the middle of living? | oljaşay turamıdı?is he in the middle of living? | bizjaşay turabızmı? jaşay turamıbız?are we in the middle of living? | sizjaşay turamısız?are you all in the middle of living? | alajaşay turamıdıla?are they in the middle of living? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjaşay turmaymamı? jaşay turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of living? | senjaşay turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of living? | oljaşay turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of living? | bizjaşay turmaybızmı? jaşay turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of living? | sizjaşay turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of living? | alajaşay turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of living? |
| Simple past (definite) | menjaşadımI lived | senjaşadıŋyou lived | oljaşadıhe lived | bizjaşadıqwe lived | sizjaşadığızyou all lived | alajaşadılathey lived |
| Simple past (definite) | menjaşamadımI didn't live | senjaşamadıŋyou didn't live | oljaşamadıhe didn't live | bizjaşamadıqwe didn't live | sizjaşamadığızyou all didn't live | alajaşamadılathey didn't live |
| Simple past (definite) | menjaşadımmı?did I live? | senjaşadıŋmı?did you live? | oljaşadımı?did he live? | bizjaşadıqmı?did we live? | sizjaşadığızmı?did you all live? | alajaşadılamı?did they live? |
| Simple past (definite) | menjaşamadımmı?didn't I live? | senjaşamadıŋmı?didn't you live? | oljaşamadımı?didn't he live? | bizjaşamadıqmı?didn't we live? | sizjaşamadığızmı?didn't you all live? | alajaşamadılamı?didn't they live? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjaşağanmaI have lived | senjaşağansayou have lived | oljaşağandıhe has lived | bizjaşağanbızwe have lived | sizjaşağansızyou all have lived | alajaşağandılathey have lived |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjaşamağanmaI haven't lived | senjaşamağansayou haven't lived | oljaşamağandıhe hasn't lived | bizjaşamağanbızwe haven't lived | sizjaşamağansızyou all haven't lived | alajaşamağandılathey haven't lived |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjaşağanmamı? jaşağanmıma?have I lived? | senjaşağanmısa?have you lived? | oljaşağanmıdı?has he lived? | bizjaşağanbızmı? jaşağanmıbız?have we lived? | sizjaşağanmısız?have you all lived? | alajaşağanmıdıla?have they lived? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjaşamağanmamı? jaşamağanmıma?haven't I lived? | senjaşamağanmısa?haven't you lived? | oljaşamağanmıdı?hasn't he lived? | bizjaşamağanbızmı? jaşamağanmıbız?haven't we lived? | sizjaşamağanmısız?haven't you all lived? | alajaşamağanmıdıla?haven't they lived? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menjaşab turdumI kept living | senjaşab turduŋyou kept living | oljaşab turduhe kept living | bizjaşab turduqwe kept living | sizjaşab turduğuzyou all kept living | alajaşab turdulathey kept living |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menjaşab turmadımI didn't keep living | senjaşab turmadıŋyou didn't keep living | oljaşab turmadıhe didn't keep living | bizjaşab turmadıqwe didn't keep living | sizjaşab turmadığızyou all didn't keep living | alajaşab turmadılathey didn't keep living |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjaşarmaI will live | senjaşarsayou will live | oljaşarhe will live | bizjaşarbızwe will live | sizjaşarsızyou all will live | alajaşarlathey will live |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjaşamazmaI won't live | senjaşamazsayou won't live | oljaşamazhe won't live | bizjaşamazbızwe won't live | sizjaşamazsızyou all won't live | alajaşamazlathey won't live |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjaşarmamı? jaşarmıma?will I live? | senjaşarmısa?will you live? | oljaşarmı?will he live? | bizjaşarbızmı? jaşarmıbız?will we live? | sizjaşarmısız?will you all live? | alajaşarlamı? jaşarmıla?will they live? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjaşamazmamı? jaşamazmıma?won't I live? | senjaşamazmısa?won't you live? | oljaşamazmı?won't he live? | bizjaşamazbızmı? jaşamazmıbız?won't we live? | sizjaşamazmısız?won't you all live? | alajaşamazlamı? jaşamazmıla?won't they live? |
| Definite future (future II) | menjaşarıqmaI am going to live | senjaşarıqsayou are going to live | oljaşarıqdıhe is going to live | bizjaşarıqbızwe are going to live | sizjaşarıqsızyou all are going to live | alajaşarıqdılathey are going to live |
| Definite future (future II) | menjaşarıq tülmeI am not going to live | senjaşarıq tülseyou are not going to live | oljaşarıq tüldühe is not going to live | bizjaşarıq tülbüzwe are not going to live | sizjaşarıq tülsüzyou all are not going to live | alajaşarıq tüldülethey are not going to live |
| Definite future (future II) | menjaşarıqmamı? jaşarıqmıma?am I going to live? | senjaşarıqmısa?are you going to live? | oljaşarıqmıdı?is he going to live? | bizjaşarıqbızmı? jaşarıqmıbız?are we going to live? | sizjaşarıqmısız?are you all going to live? | alajaşarıqmıdıla?are they going to live? |
| Definite future (future II) | menjaşarıq tülmüme?aren't I going to live? | senjaşarıq tülmüse?aren't you going to live? | oljaşarıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to live? | bizjaşarıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to live? | sizjaşarıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to live? | alajaşarıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to live? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menjaşağan edimjaşağanemI had lived | senjaşağan ediŋjaşağaneŋyou had lived | oljaşağan edijaşağanedhe had lived | bizjaşağan edikjaşağanekwe had lived | sizjaşağan edigizjaşağanegizyou all had lived | alajaşağan edilejaşağanellethey had lived |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menjaşamağan edimjaşamağanemI hadn't lived | senjaşamağan ediŋjaşamağaneŋyou hadn't lived | oljaşamağan edijaşamağanedhe hadn't lived | bizjaşamağan edikjaşamağanekwe hadn't lived | sizjaşamağan edigizjaşamağanegizyou all hadn't lived | alajaşamağan edilejaşamağanellethey hadn't lived |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menjaşay edimjaşayemI was living | senjaşay ediŋjaşayeŋyou were living | oljaşay edijaşayedhe was living | bizjaşay edikjaşayekwe were living | sizjaşay edigizjaşayegizyou all were living | alajaşay edilejaşayellethey were living |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menjaşamay edimjaşamayemI wasn't living | senjaşamay ediŋjaşamayeŋyou weren't living | oljaşamay edijaşamayedhe wasn't living | bizjaşamay edikjaşamayekwe weren't living | sizjaşamay edigizjaşamayegizyou all weren't living | alajaşamay edilejaşamayellethey weren't living |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menjaşawçan edimjaşawçanemI used to live | senjaşawçan ediŋjaşawçaneŋyou used to live | oljaşawçan edijaşawçanedhe used to live | bizjaşawçan edikjaşawçanekwe used to live | sizjaşawçan edigizjaşawçanegizyou all used to live | alajaşawçan edilejaşawçanellethey used to live |
| Habitual past (used to) | menjaşamawçan edimjaşamawçanemI didn't use to live | senjaşamawçan ediŋjaşamawçaneŋyou didn't use to live | oljaşamawçan edijaşamawçanedhe didn't use to live | bizjaşamawçan edikjaşamawçanekwe didn't use to live | sizjaşamawçan edigizjaşamawçanegizyou all didn't use to live | alajaşamawçan edilejaşamawçanellethey didn't use to live |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oljaşab edihe had lived and remained so | alajaşab edilethey had lived and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oljaşab tül edihe hadn't lived | alajaşab tül edilethey hadn't lived | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menjaşab tura edimjaşab turaemI had kept living | senjaşab tura ediŋjaşab turaeŋyou had kept living | oljaşab tura edijaşab turaedhe had kept living | bizjaşab tura edikjaşab turaekwe had kept living | sizjaşab tura edigizjaşab turaegizyou all had kept living | alajaşab tura edilejaşab turaellethey had kept living |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menjaşab turmay edimjaşab turmayemI hadn't kept living | senjaşab turmay ediŋjaşab turmayeŋyou hadn't kept living | oljaşab turmay edijaşab turmayedhe hadn't kept living | bizjaşab turmay edikjaşab turmayekwe hadn't kept living | sizjaşab turmay edigizjaşab turmayegizyou all hadn't kept living | alajaşab turmay edilejaşab turmayellethey hadn't kept living |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menjaşay tura edimjaşay turaemI was in the middle of living | senjaşay tura ediŋjaşay turaeŋyou were in the middle of living | oljaşay tura edijaşay turaedhe was in the middle of living | bizjaşay tura edikjaşay turaekwe were in the middle of living | sizjaşay tura edigizjaşay turaegizyou all were in the middle of living | alajaşay tura edilejaşay turaellethey were in the middle of living |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menjaşay turmay edimjaşay turmayemI wasn't in the middle of living | senjaşay turmay ediŋjaşay turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of living | oljaşay turmay edijaşay turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of living | bizjaşay turmay edikjaşay turmayekwe weren't in the middle of living | sizjaşay turmay edigizjaşay turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of living | alajaşay turmay edilejaşay turmayellethey weren't in the middle of living |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menjaşar edimjaşar emI would live | senjaşar ediŋjaşar eŋyou would live | oljaşar edijaşar edhe would live | bizjaşar edikjaşar ekwe would live | sizjaşar edigizjaşar egizyou all would live | alajaşar edilejaşar ellethey would live |
| Conditional result (would) | menjaşamaz edimjaşamaz emI wouldn't live | senjaşamaz ediŋjaşamaz eŋyou wouldn't live | oljaşamaz edijaşamaz edhe wouldn't live | bizjaşamaz edikjaşamaz ekwe wouldn't live | sizjaşamaz edigizjaşamaz egizyou all wouldn't live | alajaşamaz edilejaşamaz ellethey wouldn't live |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menjaşarıq edimjaşarıq emI would have lived | senjaşarıq ediŋjaşarıq eŋyou would have lived | oljaşarıq edijaşarıq edhe would have lived | bizjaşarıq edikjaşarıq ekwe would have lived | sizjaşarıq edigizjaşarıq egizyou all would have lived | alajaşarıq edilejaşarıq ellethey would have lived |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menjaşarıq tül edimjaşarıq tül emI wouldn't have lived | senjaşarıq tül ediŋjaşarıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have lived | oljaşarıq tül edijaşarıq tül edhe wouldn't have lived | bizjaşarıq tül edikjaşarıq tül ekwe wouldn't have lived | sizjaşarıq tül edigizjaşarıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have lived | alajaşarıq tül edilejaşarıq tül ellethey wouldn't have lived |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menjaşasamif I live | senjaşasaŋif you live | oljaşasaif he lives | bizjaşasaqif we live | sizjaşasağızif you all live | alajaşasalaif they live |
| Conditional | menjaşamasamif I don't live | senjaşamasaŋif you don't live | oljaşamasaif he doesn't live | bizjaşamasaqif we don't live | sizjaşamasağızif you all don't live | alajaşamasalaif they don't live |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menjaşay esemif I am living | senjaşay eseŋif you are living | oljaşay eseif he is living | bizjaşay esekif we are living | sizjaşay esegizif you all are living | alajaşay eseleif they are living |
| Conditional, present real | menjaşamay esemif I am not living | senjaşamay eseŋif you are not living | oljaşamay eseif he is not living | bizjaşamay esekif we are not living | sizjaşamay esegizif you all are not living | alajaşamay eseleif they are not living |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menjaşasam edijaşasam edif only I lived | senjaşasaŋ edijaşasaŋ edif only you lived | oljaşasa edijaşasaedif only he lived | bizjaşasaq edijaşasaq edif only we lived | sizjaşasağız edijaşasağız edif only you all lived | alajaşasala edijaşasalaedif only they lived |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menjaşamasam edijaşamasam edif only I didn't live | senjaşamasaŋ edijaşamasaŋ edif only you didn't live | oljaşamasa edijaşamasaedif only he didn't live | bizjaşamasaq edijaşamasaq edif only we didn't live | sizjaşamasağız edijaşamasağız edif only you all didn't live | alajaşamasala edijaşamasalaedif only they didn't live |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menjaşab tursamif I carry on living | senjaşab tursaŋif you carry on living | oljaşab tursaif he carries on living | bizjaşab tursaqif we carry on living | sizjaşab tursağızif you all carry on living | alajaşab tursalaif they carry on living |
| Durative conditional | menjaşab turmasamif I don't carry on living | senjaşab turmasaŋif you don't carry on living | oljaşab turmasaif he doesn't carry on living | bizjaşab turmasaqif we don't carry on living | sizjaşab turmasağızif you all don't carry on living | alajaşab turmasalaif they don't carry on living |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menjaşab tura esemif I have kept living | senjaşab tura eseŋif you have kept living | oljaşab tura eseif he has kept living | bizjaşab tura esekif we have kept living | sizjaşab tura esegizif you all have kept living | alajaşab tura eseleif they have kept living |
| Durative conditional, present real | menjaşab turmay esemif I haven't kept living | senjaşab turmay eseŋif you haven't kept living | oljaşab turmay eseif he hasn't kept living | bizjaşab turmay esekif we haven't kept living | sizjaşab turmay esegizif you all haven't kept living | alajaşab turmay eseleif they haven't kept living |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menjaşay tursamif I keep living | senjaşay tursaŋif you keep living | oljaşay tursaif he keeps living | bizjaşay tursaqif we keep living | sizjaşay tursağızif you all keep living | alajaşay tursalaif they keep living |
| Progressive conditional | menjaşamay tursamif I keep on not living | senjaşamay tursaŋif you keep on not living | oljaşamay tursaif he keeps on not living | bizjaşamay tursaqif we keep on not living | sizjaşamay tursağızif you all keep on not living | alajaşamay tursalaif they keep on not living |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menjaşay tura esemif I am in the middle of living | senjaşay tura eseŋif you are in the middle of living | oljaşay tura eseif he is in the middle of living | bizjaşay tura esekif we are in the middle of living | sizjaşay tura esegizif you all are in the middle of living | alajaşay tura eseleif they are in the middle of living |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menjaşamay tura esemif I keep on not living | senjaşamay tura eseŋif you keep on not living | oljaşamay tura eseif he keeps on not living | bizjaşamay tura esekif we keep on not living | sizjaşamay tura esegizif you all keep on not living | alajaşamay tura eseleif they keep on not living |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menjaşadım esemif I lived | senjaşadıŋ eseŋif you lived | oljaşadı eseif he lived | bizjaşadıq esekif we lived | sizjaşadığız esegizif you all lived | alajaşadıla eseleif they lived |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menjaşamadım esemif I didn't live | senjaşamadıŋ eseŋif you didn't live | oljaşamadı eseif he didn't live | bizjaşamadıq esekif we didn't live | sizjaşamadığız esegizif you all didn't live | alajaşamadıla eseleif they didn't live |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menjaşağan esemif I did live (indeed) | senjaşağan eseŋif you did live (indeed) | oljaşağan eseif he did live (indeed) | bizjaşağan esekif we did live (indeed) | sizjaşağan esegizif you all did live (indeed) | alajaşağan eseleif they did live (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menjaşamağan esemif I didn't live (indeed) | senjaşamağan eseŋif you didn't live (indeed) | oljaşamağan eseif he didn't live (indeed) | bizjaşamağan esekif we didn't live (indeed) | sizjaşamağan esegizif you all didn't live (indeed) | alajaşamağan eseleif they didn't live (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menjaşağan bolsamif I had lived | senjaşağan bolsaŋif you had lived | oljaşağan bolsaif he had lived | bizjaşağan bolsaqif we had lived | sizjaşağan bolsağızif you all had lived | alajaşağan bolsalaif they had lived |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menjaşamağan bolsamif I hadn't lived | senjaşamağan bolsaŋif you hadn't lived | oljaşamağan bolsaif he hadn't lived | bizjaşamağan bolsaqif we hadn't lived | sizjaşamağan bolsağızif you all hadn't lived | alajaşamağan bolsalaif they hadn't lived |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menjaşağan bolsam edijaşağan bolsam edif only I had lived | senjaşağan bolsaŋ edijaşağan bolsaŋ edif only you had lived | oljaşağan bolsa edijaşağan bolsaedif only he had lived | bizjaşağan bolsaq edijaşağan bolsaq edif only we had lived | sizjaşağan bolsağız edijaşağan bolsağız edif only you all had lived | alajaşağan bolsala edijaşağan bolsalaedif only they had lived |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menjaşamağan bolsam edijaşamağan bolsam edif only I hadn't lived | senjaşamağan bolsaŋ edijaşamağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't lived | oljaşamağan bolsa edijaşamağan bolsaedif only he hadn't lived | bizjaşamağan bolsaq edijaşamağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't lived | sizjaşamağan bolsağız edijaşamağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't lived | alajaşamağan bolsala edijaşamağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't lived |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menjaşar esemif I will live | senjaşar eseŋif you will live | oljaşar eseif he will live | bizjaşar esekif we will live | sizjaşar esegizif you all will live | alajaşar eseleif they will live |
| Conditional, aorist | menjaşamaz esemif I won't live | senjaşamaz eseŋif you won't live | oljaşamaz eseif he won't live | bizjaşamaz esekif we won't live | sizjaşamaz esegizif you all won't live | alajaşamaz eseleif they won't live |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menjaşarıq esemif I am going to live | senjaşarıq eseŋif you are going to live | oljaşarıq eseif he is going to live | bizjaşarıq esekif we are going to live | sizjaşarıq esegizif you all are going to live | alajaşarıq eseleif they are going to live |
| Conditional, future | menjaşarıq tül esemif I am not going to live | senjaşarıq tül eseŋif you are not going to live | oljaşarıq tül eseif he is not going to live | bizjaşarıq tül esekif we are not going to live | sizjaşarıq tül esegizif you all are not going to live | alajaşarıq tül eseleif they are not going to live |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menjaşarıq bolsamif I were going to live | senjaşarıq bolsaŋif you were going to live | oljaşarıq bolsaif he were going to live | bizjaşarıq bolsaqif we were going to live | sizjaşarıq bolsağızif you all were going to live | alajaşarıq bolsalaif they were going to live |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menjaşamazlıq bolsamif I were not going to live | senjaşamazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to live | oljaşamazlıq bolsaif he were not going to live | bizjaşamazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to live | sizjaşamazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to live | alajaşamazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to live |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso jaşadıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menjaşay bolurmaI must be living | senjaşay bolursayou must be living | oljaşay bolurhe must be living | bizjaşay bolurbuzwe must be living | sizjaşay bolursuzyou all must be living | alajaşay bolurlathey must be living |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menjaşamay bolurmaI must not be living | senjaşamay bolursayou must not be living | oljaşamay bolurhe must not be living | bizjaşamay bolurbuzwe must not be living | sizjaşamay bolursuzyou all must not be living | alajaşamay bolurlathey must not be living |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menjaşay tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of living | senjaşay tura bolursayou must be in the middle of living | oljaşay tura bolurhe must be in the middle of living | bizjaşay tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of living | sizjaşay tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of living | alajaşay tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of living |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menjaşamay tura bolurmaI must keep on not living | senjaşamay tura bolursayou must keep on not living | oljaşamay tura bolurhe must keep on not living | bizjaşamay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not living | sizjaşamay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not living | alajaşamay tura bolurlathey must keep on not living |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menjaşağan bolurmaI must have lived | senjaşağan bolursayou must have lived | oljaşağan bolurhe must have lived | bizjaşağan bolurbuzwe must have lived | sizjaşağan bolursuzyou all must have lived | alajaşağan bolurlathey must have lived |
| Inference (must have) | menjaşamağan bolurmaI must not have lived | senjaşamağan bolursayou must not have lived | oljaşamağan bolurhe must not have lived | bizjaşamağan bolurbuzwe must not have lived | sizjaşamağan bolursuzyou all must not have lived | alajaşamağan bolurlathey must not have lived |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menjaşarıq bolurmaI must be going to live | senjaşarıq bolursayou must be going to live | oljaşarıq bolurhe must be going to live | bizjaşarıq bolurbuzwe must be going to live | sizjaşarıq bolursuzyou all must be going to live | alajaşarıq bolurlathey must be going to live |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menjaşamazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to live | senjaşamazlıq bolursayou must not be going to live | oljaşamazlıq bolurhe must not be going to live | bizjaşamazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to live | sizjaşamazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to live | alajaşamazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to live |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menjaşayımlet me live | senjaşa!live! | oljaşasınlet him live | bizjaşayıqlet's live | sizjaşağız!live, you all! | alajaşasınlalet them live |
| Commands & suggestions | menjaşamayımlet me not live | senjaşama!don't live! | oljaşamasınlet him not live | bizjaşamayıqlet's not live | sizjaşamağız!don't live, you all! | alajaşamasınlalet them not live |
| Commands & suggestions | menjaşayımmı?shall I live? | oljaşasınmı?should he live? | bizjaşayıqmı?shall we live? | alajaşasınlamı?should they live? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menjaşamayımmı?shall I not live? | oljaşamasınmı?should he not live? | bizjaşamayıqmı?shall we not live? | alajaşamasınlamı?should they not live? | ||
| Requests | senjaşaçı2jaşaçınplease live | oljaşasınçıdo let him live | sizjaşaçığızplease live (plural/polite) | alajaşasınlaçıdo let them live | ||
| Requests | senjaşamaçı2jaşamaçınplease don't live | oljaşamasınçıdo let him not live | sizjaşamaçığızplease don't live (plural/polite) | alajaşamasınlaçıdo let them not live | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senjaşağınjaşağımay you live | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senjaşamağınjaşamağımay you not live | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menjaşağay edim jaşağa edimwould that I lived | senjaşağay ediŋ jaşağa ediŋwould that you lived | oljaşağay edi jaşağa ediwould that he lived | bizjaşağay edik jaşağa edikwould that we lived | sizjaşağay edigiz jaşağa edigizwould that you all lived | alajaşağay edile jaşağa edilewould that they lived |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menjaşamağay edim jaşamağa edimwould that I did not live | senjaşamağay ediŋ jaşamağa ediŋwould that you did not live | oljaşamağay edi jaşamağa ediwould that he did not live | bizjaşamağay edik jaşamağa edikwould that we did not live | sizjaşamağay edigiz jaşamağa edigizwould that you all did not live | alajaşamağay edile jaşamağa edilewould that they did not live |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menjaşamağa qoyayımjaşama qoyayımlet me allow someone to live | senjaşamağa qoy!jaşama qoy!let someone live! | oljaşamağa qoysunjaşama qoysunlet him allow someone to live | bizjaşamağa qoyayıqjaşama qoyayıqlet's allow someone to live | sizjaşamağa qoyuğuz!jaşama qoyuğuz!let someone live, you all! | alajaşamağa qoysunlajaşama qoysunlalet them allow someone to live |
| Let someone… (commands) | menjaşamağa qoymayımjaşama qoymayımlet me not allow someone to live | senjaşamağa qoyma!jaşama qoyma!don't let someone live! | oljaşamağa qoymasınjaşama qoymasınlet him not allow someone to live | bizjaşamağa qoymayıqjaşama qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to live | sizjaşamağa qoymağız!jaşama qoymağız!don't let someone live, you all! | alajaşamağa qoymasınlajaşama qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to live |
| Let someone… (commands) | menjaşamağa qoyayımmı?jaşama qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to live? | oljaşamağa qoysunmu?jaşama qoysunmu?should he allow someone to live? | bizjaşamağa qoyayıqmı?jaşama qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to live? | alajaşamağa qoysunlamı?jaşama qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to live? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menjaşamağa qoymayımmı?jaşama qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to live? | oljaşamağa qoymasınmı?jaşama qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to live? | bizjaşamağa qoymayıqmı?jaşama qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to live? | alajaşamağa qoymasınlamı?jaşama qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to live? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menjaşamağa qoyamajaşama qoyamaI allow someone to live | senjaşamağa qoyasajaşama qoyasayou allow someone to live | oljaşamağa qoyadıjaşama qoyadıhe allows someone to live | bizjaşamağa qoyabızjaşama qoyabızwe allow someone to live | sizjaşamağa qoyasızjaşama qoyasızyou all allow someone to live | alajaşamağa qoyadılajaşama qoyadılathey allow someone to live |
| Let someone… (present) | menjaşamağa qoymaymajaşama qoymaymaI don't allow someone to live | senjaşamağa qoymaysajaşama qoymaysayou don't allow someone to live | oljaşamağa qoymaydıjaşama qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to live | bizjaşamağa qoymaybızjaşama qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to live | sizjaşamağa qoymaysızjaşama qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to live | alajaşamağa qoymaydılajaşama qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to live |
| Let someone… (present) | menjaşamağa qoyamamı?jaşama qoyamamı?do I allow someone to live? | senjaşamağa qoyamısa?jaşama qoyamısa?do you allow someone to live? | oljaşamağa qoyamıdı?jaşama qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to live? | bizjaşamağa qoyabızmı?jaşama qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to live? | sizjaşamağa qoyamısız?jaşama qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to live? | alajaşamağa qoyamıdıla?jaşama qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to live? |
| Let someone… (present) | menjaşamağa qoymaymamı?jaşama qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to live? | senjaşamağa qoymaymısa?jaşama qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to live? | oljaşamağa qoymaymıdı?jaşama qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to live? | bizjaşamağa qoymaybızmı?jaşama qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to live? | sizjaşamağa qoymaymısız?jaşama qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to live? | alajaşamağa qoymaymıdıla?jaşama qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to live? |
| Let someone… (past) | menjaşamağa qoydumjaşama qoydumI allowed someone to live | senjaşamağa qoyduŋjaşama qoyduŋyou allowed someone to live | oljaşamağa qoydujaşama qoyduhe allowed someone to live | bizjaşamağa qoyduqjaşama qoyduqwe allowed someone to live | sizjaşamağa qoyduğuzjaşama qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to live | alajaşamağa qoydulajaşama qoydulathey allowed someone to live |
| Let someone… (past) | menjaşamağa qoymadımjaşama qoymadımI didn't allow someone to live | senjaşamağa qoymadıŋjaşama qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to live | oljaşamağa qoymadıjaşama qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to live | bizjaşamağa qoymadıqjaşama qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to live | sizjaşamağa qoymadığızjaşama qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to live | alajaşamağa qoymadılajaşama qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to live |
| Let someone… (past) | menjaşamağa qoydummu?jaşama qoydummu?did I allow someone to live? | senjaşamağa qoyduŋmu?jaşama qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to live? | oljaşamağa qoydumu?jaşama qoydumu?did he allow someone to live? | bizjaşamağa qoyduqmu?jaşama qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to live? | sizjaşamağa qoyduğuzmu?jaşama qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to live? | alajaşamağa qoydulamı?jaşama qoydulamı?did they allow someone to live? |
| Let someone… (past) | menjaşamağa qoymadımmı?jaşama qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to live? | senjaşamağa qoymadıŋmı?jaşama qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to live? | oljaşamağa qoymadımı?jaşama qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to live? | bizjaşamağa qoymadıqmı?jaşama qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to live? | sizjaşamağa qoymadığızmı?jaşama qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to live? | alajaşamağa qoymadılamı?jaşama qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to live? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
jaşayalırğa be able to live · jaşayalmazğa be unable to live
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menjaşayalamaI can live | senjaşayalasayou can live | oljaşayaladıhe can live | bizjaşayalabızwe can live | sizjaşayalasızyou all can live | alajaşayaladılathey can live |
| Ability — present | menjaşayalmaymaI can't live | senjaşayalmaysayou can't live | oljaşayalmaydıhe can't live | bizjaşayalmaybızwe can't live | sizjaşayalmaysızyou all can't live | alajaşayalmaydılathey can't live |
| Ability — present | menjaşayalamamı? jaşayalamıma?can I live? | senjaşayalamısa?can you live? | oljaşayalamıdı?can he live? | bizjaşayalabızmı? jaşayalamıbız?can we live? | sizjaşayalamısız?can you all live? | alajaşayalamıdıla?can they live? |
| Ability — present | menjaşayalmaymamı? jaşayalmaymıma?can't I live? | senjaşayalmaymısa?can't you live? | oljaşayalmaymıdı?can't he live? | bizjaşayalmaybızmı? jaşayalmaymıbız?can't we live? | sizjaşayalmaymısız?can't you all live? | alajaşayalmaymıdıla?can't they live? |
| Ability — if I can… | menjaşayalsamif I can live | senjaşayalsaŋif you can live | oljaşayalsaif he can live | bizjaşayalsaqif we can live | sizjaşayalsağızif you all can live | alajaşayalsalaif they can live |
| Ability — if I can… | menjaşayalmasamif I can't live | senjaşayalmasaŋif you can't live | oljaşayalmasaif he can't live | bizjaşayalmasaqif we can't live | sizjaşayalmasağızif you all can't live | alajaşayalmasalaif they can't live |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menjaşayaldımI was able to live | senjaşayaldıŋyou were able to live | oljaşayaldıhe was able to live | bizjaşayaldıqwe were able to live | sizjaşayaldığızyou all were able to live | alajaşayaldılathey were able to live |
| Ability — simple past | menjaşayalmadımI could not live | senjaşayalmadıŋyou could not live | oljaşayalmadıhe could not live | bizjaşayalmadıqwe could not live | sizjaşayalmadığızyou all could not live | alajaşayalmadılathey could not live |
| Ability — simple past | menjaşayaldımmı?was I able to live? | senjaşayaldıŋmı?were you able to live? | oljaşayaldımı?was he able to live? | bizjaşayaldıqmı?were we able to live? | sizjaşayaldığızmı?were you all able to live? | alajaşayaldılamı?were they able to live? |
| Ability — simple past | menjaşayalmadımmı?couldn't I live? | senjaşayalmadıŋmı?couldn't you live? | oljaşayalmadımı?couldn't he live? | bizjaşayalmadıqmı?couldn't we live? | sizjaşayalmadığızmı?couldn't you all live? | alajaşayalmadılamı?couldn't they live? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjaşayalğanmaI have been able to live | senjaşayalğansayou have been able to live | oljaşayalğandıhe has been able to live | bizjaşayalğanbızwe have been able to live | sizjaşayalğansızyou all have been able to live | alajaşayalğandılathey have been able to live |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjaşayalmağanmaI haven't been able to live | senjaşayalmağansayou haven't been able to live | oljaşayalmağandıhe hasn't been able to live | bizjaşayalmağanbızwe haven't been able to live | sizjaşayalmağansızyou all haven't been able to live | alajaşayalmağandılathey haven't been able to live |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjaşayalğanmamı? jaşayalğanmıma?have I been able to live? | senjaşayalğanmısa?have you been able to live? | oljaşayalğanmıdı?has he been able to live? | bizjaşayalğanbızmı? jaşayalğanmıbız?have we been able to live? | sizjaşayalğanmısız?have you all been able to live? | alajaşayalğanmıdıla?have they been able to live? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjaşayalmağanmamı? jaşayalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to live? | senjaşayalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to live? | oljaşayalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to live? | bizjaşayalmağanbızmı? jaşayalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to live? | sizjaşayalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to live? | alajaşayalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to live? |
| Ability — past perfect | menjaşayalğan edimjaşayalğanemI had been able to live | senjaşayalğan ediŋjaşayalğaneŋyou had been able to live | oljaşayalğan edijaşayalğanedhe had been able to live | bizjaşayalğan edikjaşayalğanekwe had been able to live | sizjaşayalğan edigizjaşayalğanegizyou all had been able to live | alajaşayalğan edilejaşayalğanellethey had been able to live |
| Ability — past perfect | menjaşayalmağan edimjaşayalmağanemI hadn't been able to live | senjaşayalmağan ediŋjaşayalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to live | oljaşayalmağan edijaşayalmağanedhe hadn't been able to live | bizjaşayalmağan edikjaşayalmağanekwe hadn't been able to live | sizjaşayalmağan edigizjaşayalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to live | alajaşayalmağan edilejaşayalmağanellethey hadn't been able to live |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menjaşayala edimjaşayalaemI could live | senjaşayala ediŋjaşayalaeŋyou could live | oljaşayala edijaşayalaedhe could live | bizjaşayala edikjaşayalaekwe could live | sizjaşayala edigizjaşayalaegizyou all could live | alajaşayala edilejaşayalaellethey could live |
| Ability — past background | menjaşayalmay edimjaşayalmayemI could not live | senjaşayalmay ediŋjaşayalmayeŋyou could not live | oljaşayalmay edijaşayalmayedhe could not live | bizjaşayalmay edikjaşayalmayekwe could not live | sizjaşayalmay edigizjaşayalmayegizyou all could not live | alajaşayalmay edilejaşayalmayellethey could not live |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menjaşayalırmaI will be able to live | senjaşayalırsayou will be able to live | oljaşayalırhe will be able to live | bizjaşayalırbızwe will be able to live | sizjaşayalırsızyou all will be able to live | alajaşayalırlathey will be able to live |
| Ability — future I | menjaşayalmazmaI won't be able to live | senjaşayalmazsayou won't be able to live | oljaşayalmazhe won't be able to live | bizjaşayalmazbızwe won't be able to live | sizjaşayalmazsızyou all won't be able to live | alajaşayalmazlathey won't be able to live |
| Ability — future I | menjaşayalırmamı? jaşayalırmıma?will I be able to live? | senjaşayalırmısa?will you be able to live? | oljaşayalırmı?will he be able to live? | bizjaşayalırbızmı? jaşayalırmıbız?will we be able to live? | sizjaşayalırmısız?will you all be able to live? | alajaşayalırlamı? jaşayalırmıla?will they be able to live? |
| Ability — future I | menjaşayalmazmamı? jaşayalmazmıma?won't I be able to live? | senjaşayalmazmısa?won't you be able to live? | oljaşayalmazmı?won't he be able to live? | bizjaşayalmazbızmı? jaşayalmazmıbız?won't we be able to live? | sizjaşayalmazmısız?won't you all be able to live? | alajaşayalmazlamı? jaşayalmazmıla?won't they be able to live? |
| Ability — future II | menjaşayallıqmaI am going to be able to live | senjaşayallıqsayou are going to be able to live | oljaşayallıqdıhe is going to be able to live | bizjaşayallıqbızwe are going to be able to live | sizjaşayallıqsızyou all are going to be able to live | alajaşayallıqdılathey are going to be able to live |
| Ability — future II | menjaşayallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to live | senjaşayallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to live | oljaşayallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to live | bizjaşayallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to live | sizjaşayallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to live | alajaşayallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to live |
| Ability — future II | menjaşayallıqmamı? jaşayallıqmıma?am I going to be able to live? | senjaşayallıqmısa?are you going to be able to live? | oljaşayallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to live? | bizjaşayallıqbızmı? jaşayallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to live? | sizjaşayallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to live? | alajaşayallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to live? |
| Ability — future II | menjaşayallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to live? | senjaşayallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to live? | oljaşayallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to live? | bizjaşayallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to live? | sizjaşayallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to live? | alajaşayallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to live? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menjaşayalır edimjaşayalır emI would be able to live | senjaşayalır ediŋjaşayalır eŋyou would be able to live | oljaşayalır edijaşayalır edhe would be able to live | bizjaşayalır edikjaşayalır ekwe would be able to live | sizjaşayalır edigizjaşayalır egizyou all would be able to live | alajaşayalır edilejaşayalır ellethey would be able to live |
| Ability — would be able to… | menjaşayalmaz edimjaşayalmaz emI wouldn't be able to live | senjaşayalmaz ediŋjaşayalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to live | oljaşayalmaz edijaşayalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to live | bizjaşayalmaz edikjaşayalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to live | sizjaşayalmaz edigizjaşayalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to live | alajaşayalmaz edilejaşayalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to live |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senjaşayalğınjaşayalğımay you be able to live | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senjaşayalmağınjaşayalmağımay you not be able to live | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menjaşarğa izleymeI want to live | senjaşarğa izleyseyou want to live | oljaşarğa izleydihe wants to live | bizjaşarğa izleybizwe want to live | sizjaşarğa izleysizyou all want to live | alajaşarğa izleydilethey want to live |
| want to | menjaşarğa izlemeymeI do not want to live | senjaşarğa izlemeyseyou do not want to live | oljaşarğa izlemeydihe does not want to live | bizjaşarğa izlemeybizwe do not want to live | sizjaşarğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to live | alajaşarğa izlemeydilethey do not want to live |
| would like to | menjaşarğa süemeI would like to live | senjaşarğa süeseyou would like to live | oljaşarğa süedihe would like to live | bizjaşarğa süebizwe would like to live | sizjaşarğa süesizyou all would like to live | alajaşarğa süedilethey would like to live |
| would like to | menjaşarğa süymeymeI would not like to live | senjaşarğa süymeyseyou would not like to live | oljaşarğa süymeydihe would not like to live | bizjaşarğa süymeybizwe would not like to live | sizjaşarğa süymeysizyou all would not like to live | alajaşarğa süymeydilethey would not like to live |
| hope to | menjaşarğa umutlanamaI hope to live | senjaşarğa umutlanasayou hope to live | oljaşarğa umutlanadıhe hopes to live | bizjaşarğa umutlanabızwe hope to live | sizjaşarğa umutlanasızyou all hope to live | alajaşarğa umutlanadılathey hope to live |
| hope to | menjaşarğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to live | senjaşarğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to live | oljaşarğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to live | bizjaşarğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to live | sizjaşarğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to live | alajaşarğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to live |
| be about to | menjaşarğa deb turamaI am about to live | senjaşarğa deb turasayou are about to live | oljaşarğa deb turadıhe is about to live | bizjaşarğa deb turabızwe are about to live | sizjaşarğa deb turasızyou all are about to live | alajaşarğa deb turadılathey are about to live |
| be about to | menjaşarğa deb turmaymaI am not about to live | senjaşarğa deb turmaysayou are not about to live | oljaşarğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to live | bizjaşarğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to live | sizjaşarğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to live | alajaşarğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to live |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menjaşarğa kerekmeI need to live | senjaşarğa kerekseyou need to live | oljaşarğa kerekdihe needs to live | bizjaşarğa kerekbizwe need to live | sizjaşarğa kereksizyou all need to live | alajaşarğa kerekdilethey need to live |
| need to | menjaşarğa kerek tülmeI do not need to live | senjaşarğa kerek tülseyou do not need to live | oljaşarğa kerek tüldühe does not need to live | bizjaşarğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to live | sizjaşarğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to live | alajaşarğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to live |
| have to | menmenŋe jaşarğa tüşediI have to live | sensenŋe jaşarğa tüşediyou have to live | olaŋa jaşarğa tüşedihe has to live | bizbizge jaşarğa tüşediwe have to live | sizsizge jaşarğa tüşediyou all have to live | alaalağa jaşarğa tüşedithey have to live |
| have to | menmenŋe jaşarğa tüşmeydiI do not have to live | sensenŋe jaşarğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to live | olaŋa jaşarğa tüşmeydihe does not have to live | bizbizge jaşarğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to live | sizsizge jaşarğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to live | alaalağa jaşarğa tüşmeydithey do not have to live |
| be obliged to | menjaşarğa borçlumaI am obliged to live | senjaşarğa borçlusayou are obliged to live | oljaşarğa borçluduhe is obliged to live | bizjaşarğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to live | sizjaşarğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to live | alajaşarğa borçludulathey are obliged to live |
| be obliged to | menjaşarğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to live | senjaşarğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to live | oljaşarğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to live | bizjaşarğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to live | sizjaşarğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to live | alajaşarğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to live |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menjaşarğa madarım bardıI have a way to live | senjaşarğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to live | oljaşarğa madarı bardıhe has a way to live | bizjaşarğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to live | sizjaşarğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to live | alajaşarğa madarları bardıthey have a way to live |
| have a way to | menjaşarğa madarım joqduI have no way to live | senjaşarğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to live | oljaşarğa madarı joqduhe has no way to live | bizjaşarğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to live | sizjaşarğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to live | alajaşarğa madarları joqduthey have no way to live |
| be free to | menjaşarğa erkinligim bardıI am free to live | senjaşarğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to live | oljaşarğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to live | bizjaşarğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to live | sizjaşarğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to live | alajaşarğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to live |
| be free to | menjaşarğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to live | senjaşarğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to live | oljaşarğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to live | bizjaşarğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to live | sizjaşarğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to live | alajaşarğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to live |
| be possible to | menmenŋe jaşarğa bolluqduit is possible for me to live | sensenŋe jaşarğa bolluqduit is possible for you to live | olaŋa jaşarğa bolluqduit is possible for him to live | bizbizge jaşarğa bolluqduit is possible for us to live | sizsizge jaşarğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to live | alaalağa jaşarğa bolluqduit is possible for them to live |
| be possible to | menmenŋe jaşarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to live | sensenŋe jaşarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to live | olaŋa jaşarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to live | bizbizge jaşarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to live | sizsizge jaşarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to live | alaalağa jaşarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to live |
| be ready to | menjaşarğa hazırmaI am ready to live | senjaşarğa hazırsayou are ready to live | oljaşarğa hazırdıhe is ready to live | bizjaşarğa hazırbızwe are ready to live | sizjaşarğa hazırsızyou all are ready to live | alajaşarğa hazırdılathey are ready to live |
| be ready to | menjaşarğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to live | senjaşarğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to live | oljaşarğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to live | bizjaşarğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to live | sizjaşarğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to live | alajaşarğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to live |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menjaşarğa küreşemeI am trying to live | senjaşarğa küreşeseyou are trying to live | oljaşarğa küreşedihe is trying to live | bizjaşarğa küreşebizwe are trying to live | sizjaşarğa küreşesizyou all are trying to live | alajaşarğa küreşedilethey are trying to live |
| try to | menjaşarğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to live | senjaşarğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to live | oljaşarğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to live | bizjaşarğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to live | sizjaşarğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to live | alajaşarğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to live |
| agree to | menjaşarğa unaymaI agree to live | senjaşarğa unaysayou agree to live | oljaşarğa unaydıhe agrees to live | bizjaşarğa unaybızwe agree to live | sizjaşarğa unaysızyou all agree to live | alajaşarğa unaydılathey agree to live |
| agree to | menjaşarğa unamaymaI refuse to live | senjaşarğa unamaysayou refuse to live | oljaşarğa unamaydıhe refuses to live | bizjaşarğa unamaybızwe refuse to live | sizjaşarğa unamaysızyou all refuse to live | alajaşarğa unamaydılathey refuse to live |
| hurry to | menjaşarğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to live | senjaşarğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to live | oljaşarğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to live | bizjaşarğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to live | sizjaşarğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to live | alajaşarğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to live |
| hurry to | menjaşarğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to live | senjaşarğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to live | oljaşarğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to live | bizjaşarğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to live | sizjaşarğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to live | alajaşarğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to live |
| be afraid to | menjaşarğa qorqamaI am afraid to live | senjaşarğa qorqasayou are afraid to live | oljaşarğa qorqadıhe is afraid to live | bizjaşarğa qorqabızwe are afraid to live | sizjaşarğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to live | alajaşarğa qorqadılathey are afraid to live |
| be afraid to | menjaşarğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to live | senjaşarğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to live | oljaşarğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to live | bizjaşarğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to live | sizjaşarğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to live | alajaşarğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to live |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menjaşay bolmazmaI can't be living | senjaşay bolmazsayou can't be living | oljaşay bolmazhe can't be living | bizjaşay bolmazbızwe can't be living | sizjaşay bolmazsızyou all can't be living | alajaşay bolmazlathey can't be living |
| Inference, present — double negation | menjaşamay bolmazmaI must be living (emphatic) | senjaşamay bolmazsayou must be living (emphatic) | oljaşamay bolmazhe must be living (emphatic) | bizjaşamay bolmazbızwe must be living (emphatic) | sizjaşamay bolmazsızyou all must be living (emphatic) | alajaşamay bolmazlathey must be living (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menjaşay turmasamif I don't keep living | senjaşay turmasaŋif you don't keep living | oljaşay turmasaif he doesn't keep living | bizjaşay turmasaqif we don't keep living | sizjaşay turmasağızif you all don't keep living | alajaşay turmasalaif they don't keep living |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menjaşay tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of living | senjaşay tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of living | oljaşay tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of living | bizjaşay tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of living | sizjaşay tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of living | alajaşay tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of living |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menjaşamay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not living (emphatic) | senjaşamay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not living (emphatic) | oljaşamay tura bolmazhe must keep on not living (emphatic) | bizjaşamay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not living (emphatic) | sizjaşamay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not living (emphatic) | alajaşamay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not living (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menjaşamay turamaI keep on not living | senjaşamay turasayou keep on not living | oljaşamay turadıhe keeps on not living | bizjaşamay turabızwe keep on not living | sizjaşamay turasızyou all keep on not living | alajaşamay turadılathey keep on not living |
| Progressive — double negation | menjaşamay turmaymaI am not keeping on not living | senjaşamay turmaysayou are not keeping on not living | oljaşamay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not living | bizjaşamay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not living | sizjaşamay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not living | alajaşamay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not living |
| Progressive — double negation | menjaşamay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not living? | senjaşamay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not living? | oljaşamay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not living? | bizjaşamay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not living? | sizjaşamay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not living? | alajaşamay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not living? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menjaşağan bolmazmaI can't have lived | senjaşağan bolmazsayou can't have lived | oljaşağan bolmazhe can't have lived | bizjaşağan bolmazbızwe can't have lived | sizjaşağan bolmazsızyou all can't have lived | alajaşağan bolmazlathey can't have lived |
| Inference — double negation | menjaşamağan bolmazmaI must have lived (emphatic) | senjaşamağan bolmazsayou must have lived (emphatic) | oljaşamağan bolmazhe must have lived (emphatic) | bizjaşamağan bolmazbızwe must have lived (emphatic) | sizjaşamağan bolmazsızyou all must have lived (emphatic) | alajaşamağan bolmazlathey must have lived (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menjaşağan bolmasamif it weren't that I had lived | senjaşağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had lived | oljaşağan bolmasaif it weren't that he had lived | bizjaşağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had lived | sizjaşağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had lived | alajaşağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had lived |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menjaşamağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't lived | senjaşamağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't lived | oljaşamağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't lived | bizjaşamağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't lived | sizjaşamağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't lived | alajaşamağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't lived |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menjaşarıq bolmazmaI can't be going to live | senjaşarıq bolmazsayou can't be going to live | oljaşarıq bolmazhe can't be going to live | bizjaşarıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to live | sizjaşarıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to live | alajaşarıq bolmazlathey can't be going to live |
| Inference, future — double negation | menjaşamazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to live (emphatic) | senjaşamazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to live (emphatic) | oljaşamazlıq bolmazhe must be going to live (emphatic) | bizjaşamazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to live (emphatic) | sizjaşamazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to live (emphatic) | alajaşamazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to live (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menjaşarıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to live | senjaşarıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to live | oljaşarıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to live | bizjaşarıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to live | sizjaşarıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to live | alajaşarıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to live |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menjaşamazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to live | senjaşamazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to live | oljaşamazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to live | bizjaşamazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to live | sizjaşamazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to live | alajaşamazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to live |