keçinirge
/ketʃinirɡe/
1. live, lead a life of a certain kind
- kesi qıyını bla keçinedi — he lives by his own labor
- elde keçin — live in the village
- ne bla keçinesiz? — what do you live on?
- saw aynı tawda keçindile — they lived a whole month up in the mountains
2. make do with little, get by, scrape along, subsist, live poorly
- keçine barırğa — to scrape along
- ayran, gırjın bla keçinedile — they live on ayran and bread
- ahı-buhu bla keçine barırğa — to get by on dry crusts
- kögetle bla oğuna keçinirge bolluqdu — one can get by even on fruit
3. amuse oneself, divert oneself, pass the time, find comfort in something
- kitabla bla keçineme — books are my diversion
- sabiy bla keçinebiz — the child is our comfort
- tuwduqçuğu bla keçinedi — she finds comfort in her little grandchild
- jawun bla söleşe keçinŋenme — I got by talking to the rain
4. put up with, bear, endure, stand
- keçinib bolmazğa — to be unable to put up with something
- ol darmannı iyisine keçinib bolmaydı — he cannot bear the smell of the medicine
- suwuqğa keçinib bolmaydı — he cannot bear the cold
Conjugation
Common forms
- keçinedihe is living
- keçindihe lived
- keçinŋendihe has lived
- keçinirhe will live
- keçinnikdihe is going to live
- keçine edihe was living
- keçinseif he lives
- keçin!live!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkeçinemeI am living | senkeçineseyou are living | olkeçinedihe is living | bizkeçinebizwe are living | sizkeçinesizyou all are living | alakeçinedilethey are living |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkeçinmeymeI am not living | senkeçinmeyseyou are not living | olkeçinmeydihe is not living | bizkeçinmeybizwe are not living | sizkeçinmeysizyou all are not living | alakeçinmeydilethey are not living |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkeçinememi? keçinemime?am I living? | senkeçinemise?are you living? | olkeçinemidi?is he living? | bizkeçinebizmi? keçinemibiz?are we living? | sizkeçinemisiz?are you all living? | alakeçinemidile?are they living? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkeçinmeymemi? keçinmeymime?aren't I living? | senkeçinmeymise?aren't you living? | olkeçinmeymidi?isn't he living? | bizkeçinmeybizmi? keçinmeymibiz?aren't we living? | sizkeçinmeymisiz?aren't you all living? | alakeçinmeymidile?aren't they living? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkeçiniwçenmeI usually live | senkeçiniwçenseyou usually live | olkeçiniwçendihe usually lives | bizkeçiniwçenbizwe usually live | sizkeçiniwçensizyou all usually live | alakeçiniwçendilethey usually live |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkeçinmewçenmeI usually don't live | senkeçinmewçenseyou usually don't live | olkeçinmewçendihe usually doesn't live | bizkeçinmewçenbizwe usually don't live | sizkeçinmewçensizyou all usually don't live | alakeçinmewçendilethey usually don't live |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkeçiniwçenmemi? keçiniwçenmime?do I usually live? | senkeçiniwçenmise?do you usually live? | olkeçiniwçenmidi?does he usually live? | bizkeçiniwçenbizmi? keçiniwçenmibiz?do we usually live? | sizkeçiniwçenmisiz?do you all usually live? | alakeçiniwçenmidile?do they usually live? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkeçinmewçenmemi? keçinmewçenmime?do I usually not live? | senkeçinmewçenmise?do you usually not live? | olkeçinmewçenmidi?does he usually not live? | bizkeçinmewçenbizmi? keçinmewçenmibiz?do we usually not live? | sizkeçinmewçenmisiz?do you all usually not live? | alakeçinmewçenmidile?do they usually not live? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olkeçinibdihe has lived and remains so | alakeçinibdilethey have lived and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olkeçinibmidi?has he lived? | alakeçinibmidile?have they lived? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkeçinib turamaI keep living | senkeçinib turasayou keep living | olkeçinib turadıhe keeps living | bizkeçinib turabızwe keep living | sizkeçinib turasızyou all keep living | alakeçinib turadılathey keep living |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkeçinib turmaymaI don't keep living | senkeçinib turmaysayou don't keep living | olkeçinib turmaydıhe doesn't keep living | bizkeçinib turmaybızwe don't keep living | sizkeçinib turmaysızyou all don't keep living | alakeçinib turmaydılathey don't keep living |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkeçinib turamamı? keçinib turamıma?do I keep living? | senkeçinib turamısa?do you keep living? | olkeçinib turamıdı?does he keep living? | bizkeçinib turabızmı? keçinib turamıbız?do we keep living? | sizkeçinib turamısız?do you all keep living? | alakeçinib turamıdıla?do they keep living? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkeçinib turmaymamı? keçinib turmaymıma?don't I keep living? | senkeçinib turmaymısa?don't you keep living? | olkeçinib turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep living? | bizkeçinib turmaybızmı? keçinib turmaymıbız?don't we keep living? | sizkeçinib turmaymısız?don't you all keep living? | alakeçinib turmaymıdıla?don't they keep living? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menkeçine turamaI am in the middle of living | senkeçine turasayou are in the middle of living | olkeçine turadıhe is in the middle of living | bizkeçine turabızwe are in the middle of living | sizkeçine turasızyou all are in the middle of living | alakeçine turadılathey are in the middle of living |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menkeçine turmaymaI am not in the middle of living | senkeçine turmaysayou are not in the middle of living | olkeçine turmaydıhe is not in the middle of living | bizkeçine turmaybızwe are not in the middle of living | sizkeçine turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of living | alakeçine turmaydılathey are not in the middle of living |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menkeçine turamamı? keçine turamıma?am I in the middle of living? | senkeçine turamısa?are you in the middle of living? | olkeçine turamıdı?is he in the middle of living? | bizkeçine turabızmı? keçine turamıbız?are we in the middle of living? | sizkeçine turamısız?are you all in the middle of living? | alakeçine turamıdıla?are they in the middle of living? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menkeçine turmaymamı? keçine turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of living? | senkeçine turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of living? | olkeçine turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of living? | bizkeçine turmaybızmı? keçine turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of living? | sizkeçine turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of living? | alakeçine turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of living? |
| Simple past (definite) | menkeçindimI lived | senkeçindiŋyou lived | olkeçindihe lived | bizkeçindikwe lived | sizkeçindigizyou all lived | alakeçindilethey lived |
| Simple past (definite) | menkeçinmedimI didn't live | senkeçinmediŋyou didn't live | olkeçinmedihe didn't live | bizkeçinmedikwe didn't live | sizkeçinmedigizyou all didn't live | alakeçinmedilethey didn't live |
| Simple past (definite) | menkeçindimmi?did I live? | senkeçindiŋmi?did you live? | olkeçindimi?did he live? | bizkeçindikmi?did we live? | sizkeçindigizmi?did you all live? | alakeçindilemi?did they live? |
| Simple past (definite) | menkeçinmedimmi?didn't I live? | senkeçinmediŋmi?didn't you live? | olkeçinmedimi?didn't he live? | bizkeçinmedikmi?didn't we live? | sizkeçinmedigizmi?didn't you all live? | alakeçinmedilemi?didn't they live? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkeçinŋenmeI have lived | senkeçinŋenseyou have lived | olkeçinŋendihe has lived | bizkeçinŋenbizwe have lived | sizkeçinŋensizyou all have lived | alakeçinŋendilethey have lived |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkeçinmegenmeI haven't lived | senkeçinmegenseyou haven't lived | olkeçinmegendihe hasn't lived | bizkeçinmegenbizwe haven't lived | sizkeçinmegensizyou all haven't lived | alakeçinmegendilethey haven't lived |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkeçinŋenmemi? keçinŋenmime?have I lived? | senkeçinŋenmise?have you lived? | olkeçinŋenmidi?has he lived? | bizkeçinŋenbizmi? keçinŋenmibiz?have we lived? | sizkeçinŋenmisiz?have you all lived? | alakeçinŋenmidile?have they lived? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkeçinmegenmemi? keçinmegenmime?haven't I lived? | senkeçinmegenmise?haven't you lived? | olkeçinmegenmidi?hasn't he lived? | bizkeçinmegenbizmi? keçinmegenmibiz?haven't we lived? | sizkeçinmegenmisiz?haven't you all lived? | alakeçinmegenmidile?haven't they lived? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menkeçinib turdumI kept living | senkeçinib turduŋyou kept living | olkeçinib turduhe kept living | bizkeçinib turduqwe kept living | sizkeçinib turduğuzyou all kept living | alakeçinib turdulathey kept living |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menkeçinib turmadımI didn't keep living | senkeçinib turmadıŋyou didn't keep living | olkeçinib turmadıhe didn't keep living | bizkeçinib turmadıqwe didn't keep living | sizkeçinib turmadığızyou all didn't keep living | alakeçinib turmadılathey didn't keep living |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkeçinirmeI will live | senkeçinirseyou will live | olkeçinirhe will live | bizkeçinirbizwe will live | sizkeçinirsizyou all will live | alakeçinirlethey will live |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkeçinmezmeI won't live | senkeçinmezseyou won't live | olkeçinmezhe won't live | bizkeçinmezbizwe won't live | sizkeçinmezsizyou all won't live | alakeçinmezlethey won't live |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkeçinirmemi? keçinirmime?will I live? | senkeçinirmise?will you live? | olkeçinirmi?will he live? | bizkeçinirbizmi? keçinirmibiz?will we live? | sizkeçinirmisiz?will you all live? | alakeçinirlemi? keçinirmile?will they live? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkeçinmezmemi? keçinmezmime?won't I live? | senkeçinmezmise?won't you live? | olkeçinmezmi?won't he live? | bizkeçinmezbizmi? keçinmezmibiz?won't we live? | sizkeçinmezmisiz?won't you all live? | alakeçinmezlemi? keçinmezmile?won't they live? |
| Definite future (future II) | menkeçinnikme1keçinirikmeI am going to live | senkeçinnikse1keçinirikseyou are going to live | olkeçinnikdi1keçinirikdihe is going to live | bizkeçinnikbiz1keçinirikbizwe are going to live | sizkeçinniksiz1keçiniriksizyou all are going to live | alakeçinnikdile1keçinirikdilethey are going to live |
| Definite future (future II) | menkeçinnik tülme1keçinirik tülmeI am not going to live | senkeçinnik tülse1keçinirik tülseyou are not going to live | olkeçinnik tüldü1keçinirik tüldühe is not going to live | bizkeçinnik tülbüz1keçinirik tülbüzwe are not going to live | sizkeçinnik tülsüz1keçinirik tülsüzyou all are not going to live | alakeçinnik tüldüle1keçinirik tüldülethey are not going to live |
| Definite future (future II) | menkeçinnikmemi?1 keçinnikmime?keçinirikmemi?am I going to live? | senkeçinnikmise?1keçinirikmise?are you going to live? | olkeçinnikmidi?1keçinirikmidi?is he going to live? | bizkeçinnikbizmi?1 keçinnikmibiz?keçinirikbizmi?are we going to live? | sizkeçinnikmisiz?1keçinirikmisiz?are you all going to live? | alakeçinnikmidile?1keçinirikmidile?are they going to live? |
| Definite future (future II) | menkeçinnik tülmüme?1keçinirik tülmüme?aren't I going to live? | senkeçinnik tülmüse?1keçinirik tülmüse?aren't you going to live? | olkeçinnik tülmüdü?1keçinirik tülmüdü?isn't he going to live? | bizkeçinnik tülmübüz?1keçinirik tülmübüz?aren't we going to live? | sizkeçinnik tülmüsüz?1keçinirik tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to live? | alakeçinnik tülmüdüle?1keçinirik tülmüdüle?aren't they going to live? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Definite future (future II)full form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so keçinirikdi
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menkeçinŋen edimkeçinŋenemI had lived | senkeçinŋen ediŋkeçinŋeneŋyou had lived | olkeçinŋen edikeçinŋenedhe had lived | bizkeçinŋen edikkeçinŋenekwe had lived | sizkeçinŋen edigizkeçinŋenegizyou all had lived | alakeçinŋen edilekeçinŋenellethey had lived |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menkeçinmegen edimkeçinmegenemI hadn't lived | senkeçinmegen ediŋkeçinmegeneŋyou hadn't lived | olkeçinmegen edikeçinmegenedhe hadn't lived | bizkeçinmegen edikkeçinmegenekwe hadn't lived | sizkeçinmegen edigizkeçinmegenegizyou all hadn't lived | alakeçinmegen edilekeçinmegenellethey hadn't lived |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menkeçine edimkeçinemI was living | senkeçine ediŋkeçineŋyou were living | olkeçine edikeçinedhe was living | bizkeçine edikkeçinekwe were living | sizkeçine edigizkeçinegizyou all were living | alakeçine edilekeçinellethey were living |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menkeçinmey edimkeçinmeyemI wasn't living | senkeçinmey ediŋkeçinmeyeŋyou weren't living | olkeçinmey edikeçinmeyedhe wasn't living | bizkeçinmey edikkeçinmeyekwe weren't living | sizkeçinmey edigizkeçinmeyegizyou all weren't living | alakeçinmey edilekeçinmeyellethey weren't living |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menkeçiniwçen edimkeçiniwçenemI used to live | senkeçiniwçen ediŋkeçiniwçeneŋyou used to live | olkeçiniwçen edikeçiniwçenedhe used to live | bizkeçiniwçen edikkeçiniwçenekwe used to live | sizkeçiniwçen edigizkeçiniwçenegizyou all used to live | alakeçiniwçen edilekeçiniwçenellethey used to live |
| Habitual past (used to) | menkeçinmewçen edimkeçinmewçenemI didn't use to live | senkeçinmewçen ediŋkeçinmewçeneŋyou didn't use to live | olkeçinmewçen edikeçinmewçenedhe didn't use to live | bizkeçinmewçen edikkeçinmewçenekwe didn't use to live | sizkeçinmewçen edigizkeçinmewçenegizyou all didn't use to live | alakeçinmewçen edilekeçinmewçenellethey didn't use to live |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olkeçinib edihe had lived and remained so | alakeçinib edilethey had lived and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olkeçinib tül edihe hadn't lived | alakeçinib tül edilethey hadn't lived | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menkeçinib tura edimkeçinib turaemI had kept living | senkeçinib tura ediŋkeçinib turaeŋyou had kept living | olkeçinib tura edikeçinib turaedhe had kept living | bizkeçinib tura edikkeçinib turaekwe had kept living | sizkeçinib tura edigizkeçinib turaegizyou all had kept living | alakeçinib tura edilekeçinib turaellethey had kept living |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menkeçinib turmay edimkeçinib turmayemI hadn't kept living | senkeçinib turmay ediŋkeçinib turmayeŋyou hadn't kept living | olkeçinib turmay edikeçinib turmayedhe hadn't kept living | bizkeçinib turmay edikkeçinib turmayekwe hadn't kept living | sizkeçinib turmay edigizkeçinib turmayegizyou all hadn't kept living | alakeçinib turmay edilekeçinib turmayellethey hadn't kept living |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menkeçine tura edimkeçine turaemI was in the middle of living | senkeçine tura ediŋkeçine turaeŋyou were in the middle of living | olkeçine tura edikeçine turaedhe was in the middle of living | bizkeçine tura edikkeçine turaekwe were in the middle of living | sizkeçine tura edigizkeçine turaegizyou all were in the middle of living | alakeçine tura edilekeçine turaellethey were in the middle of living |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menkeçine turmay edimkeçine turmayemI wasn't in the middle of living | senkeçine turmay ediŋkeçine turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of living | olkeçine turmay edikeçine turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of living | bizkeçine turmay edikkeçine turmayekwe weren't in the middle of living | sizkeçine turmay edigizkeçine turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of living | alakeçine turmay edilekeçine turmayellethey weren't in the middle of living |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menkeçinir edimkeçinir emI would live | senkeçinir ediŋkeçinir eŋyou would live | olkeçinir edikeçinir edhe would live | bizkeçinir edikkeçinir ekwe would live | sizkeçinir edigizkeçinir egizyou all would live | alakeçinir edilekeçinir ellethey would live |
| Conditional result (would) | menkeçinmez edimkeçinmez emI wouldn't live | senkeçinmez ediŋkeçinmez eŋyou wouldn't live | olkeçinmez edikeçinmez edhe wouldn't live | bizkeçinmez edikkeçinmez ekwe wouldn't live | sizkeçinmez edigizkeçinmez egizyou all wouldn't live | alakeçinmez edilekeçinmez ellethey wouldn't live |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menkeçinnik edim2keçinnik emkeçinirik edimI would have lived | senkeçinnik ediŋ2keçinnik eŋkeçinirik ediŋyou would have lived | olkeçinnik edi2keçinnik edkeçinirik edihe would have lived | bizkeçinnik edik2keçinnik ekkeçinirik edikwe would have lived | sizkeçinnik edigiz2keçinnik egizkeçinirik edigizyou all would have lived | alakeçinnik edile2keçinnik ellekeçinirik edilethey would have lived |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menkeçinnik tül edim2keçinnik tül emkeçinirik tül edimI wouldn't have lived | senkeçinnik tül ediŋ2keçinnik tül eŋkeçinirik tül ediŋyou wouldn't have lived | olkeçinnik tül edi2keçinnik tül edkeçinirik tül edihe wouldn't have lived | bizkeçinnik tül edik2keçinnik tül ekkeçinirik tül edikwe wouldn't have lived | sizkeçinnik tül edigiz2keçinnik tül egizkeçinirik tül edigizyou all wouldn't have lived | alakeçinnik tül edile2keçinnik tül ellekeçinirik tül edilethey wouldn't have lived |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
- Past conditional result (would have)full form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so keçinirik edi
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menkeçinsemif I live | senkeçinseŋif you live | olkeçinseif he lives | bizkeçinsekif we live | sizkeçinsegizif you all live | alakeçinseleif they live |
| Conditional | menkeçinmesemif I don't live | senkeçinmeseŋif you don't live | olkeçinmeseif he doesn't live | bizkeçinmesekif we don't live | sizkeçinmesegizif you all don't live | alakeçinmeseleif they don't live |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menkeçine esemif I am living | senkeçine eseŋif you are living | olkeçine eseif he is living | bizkeçine esekif we are living | sizkeçine esegizif you all are living | alakeçine eseleif they are living |
| Conditional, present real | menkeçinmey esemif I am not living | senkeçinmey eseŋif you are not living | olkeçinmey eseif he is not living | bizkeçinmey esekif we are not living | sizkeçinmey esegizif you all are not living | alakeçinmey eseleif they are not living |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menkeçinsem edikeçinsem edif only I lived | senkeçinseŋ edikeçinseŋ edif only you lived | olkeçinse edikeçinsedif only he lived | bizkeçinsek edikeçinsek edif only we lived | sizkeçinsegiz edikeçinsegiz edif only you all lived | alakeçinsele edikeçinseledif only they lived |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menkeçinmesem edikeçinmesem edif only I didn't live | senkeçinmeseŋ edikeçinmeseŋ edif only you didn't live | olkeçinmese edikeçinmesedif only he didn't live | bizkeçinmesek edikeçinmesek edif only we didn't live | sizkeçinmesegiz edikeçinmesegiz edif only you all didn't live | alakeçinmesele edikeçinmeseledif only they didn't live |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menkeçinib tursamif I carry on living | senkeçinib tursaŋif you carry on living | olkeçinib tursaif he carries on living | bizkeçinib tursaqif we carry on living | sizkeçinib tursağızif you all carry on living | alakeçinib tursalaif they carry on living |
| Durative conditional | menkeçinib turmasamif I don't carry on living | senkeçinib turmasaŋif you don't carry on living | olkeçinib turmasaif he doesn't carry on living | bizkeçinib turmasaqif we don't carry on living | sizkeçinib turmasağızif you all don't carry on living | alakeçinib turmasalaif they don't carry on living |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menkeçinib tura esemif I have kept living | senkeçinib tura eseŋif you have kept living | olkeçinib tura eseif he has kept living | bizkeçinib tura esekif we have kept living | sizkeçinib tura esegizif you all have kept living | alakeçinib tura eseleif they have kept living |
| Durative conditional, present real | menkeçinib turmay esemif I haven't kept living | senkeçinib turmay eseŋif you haven't kept living | olkeçinib turmay eseif he hasn't kept living | bizkeçinib turmay esekif we haven't kept living | sizkeçinib turmay esegizif you all haven't kept living | alakeçinib turmay eseleif they haven't kept living |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menkeçine tursamif I keep living | senkeçine tursaŋif you keep living | olkeçine tursaif he keeps living | bizkeçine tursaqif we keep living | sizkeçine tursağızif you all keep living | alakeçine tursalaif they keep living |
| Progressive conditional | menkeçinmey tursamif I keep on not living | senkeçinmey tursaŋif you keep on not living | olkeçinmey tursaif he keeps on not living | bizkeçinmey tursaqif we keep on not living | sizkeçinmey tursağızif you all keep on not living | alakeçinmey tursalaif they keep on not living |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menkeçine tura esemif I am in the middle of living | senkeçine tura eseŋif you are in the middle of living | olkeçine tura eseif he is in the middle of living | bizkeçine tura esekif we are in the middle of living | sizkeçine tura esegizif you all are in the middle of living | alakeçine tura eseleif they are in the middle of living |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menkeçinmey tura esemif I keep on not living | senkeçinmey tura eseŋif you keep on not living | olkeçinmey tura eseif he keeps on not living | bizkeçinmey tura esekif we keep on not living | sizkeçinmey tura esegizif you all keep on not living | alakeçinmey tura eseleif they keep on not living |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past3 | menkeçindim esemif I lived | senkeçindiŋ eseŋif you lived | olkeçindi eseif he lived | bizkeçindik esekif we lived | sizkeçindigiz esegizif you all lived | alakeçindile eseleif they lived |
| Conditional, definite past3 | menkeçinmedim esemif I didn't live | senkeçinmediŋ eseŋif you didn't live | olkeçinmedi eseif he didn't live | bizkeçinmedik esekif we didn't live | sizkeçinmedigiz esegizif you all didn't live | alakeçinmedile eseleif they didn't live |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menkeçinŋen esemif I did live (indeed) | senkeçinŋen eseŋif you did live (indeed) | olkeçinŋen eseif he did live (indeed) | bizkeçinŋen esekif we did live (indeed) | sizkeçinŋen esegizif you all did live (indeed) | alakeçinŋen eseleif they did live (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menkeçinmegen esemif I didn't live (indeed) | senkeçinmegen eseŋif you didn't live (indeed) | olkeçinmegen eseif he didn't live (indeed) | bizkeçinmegen esekif we didn't live (indeed) | sizkeçinmegen esegizif you all didn't live (indeed) | alakeçinmegen eseleif they didn't live (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menkeçinŋen bolsamif I had lived | senkeçinŋen bolsaŋif you had lived | olkeçinŋen bolsaif he had lived | bizkeçinŋen bolsaqif we had lived | sizkeçinŋen bolsağızif you all had lived | alakeçinŋen bolsalaif they had lived |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menkeçinmegen bolsamif I hadn't lived | senkeçinmegen bolsaŋif you hadn't lived | olkeçinmegen bolsaif he hadn't lived | bizkeçinmegen bolsaqif we hadn't lived | sizkeçinmegen bolsağızif you all hadn't lived | alakeçinmegen bolsalaif they hadn't lived |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menkeçinŋen bolsam edikeçinŋen bolsam edif only I had lived | senkeçinŋen bolsaŋ edikeçinŋen bolsaŋ edif only you had lived | olkeçinŋen bolsa edikeçinŋen bolsaedif only he had lived | bizkeçinŋen bolsaq edikeçinŋen bolsaq edif only we had lived | sizkeçinŋen bolsağız edikeçinŋen bolsağız edif only you all had lived | alakeçinŋen bolsala edikeçinŋen bolsalaedif only they had lived |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menkeçinmegen bolsam edikeçinmegen bolsam edif only I hadn't lived | senkeçinmegen bolsaŋ edikeçinmegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't lived | olkeçinmegen bolsa edikeçinmegen bolsaedif only he hadn't lived | bizkeçinmegen bolsaq edikeçinmegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't lived | sizkeçinmegen bolsağız edikeçinmegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't lived | alakeçinmegen bolsala edikeçinmegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't lived |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menkeçinir esemif I will live | senkeçinir eseŋif you will live | olkeçinir eseif he will live | bizkeçinir esekif we will live | sizkeçinir esegizif you all will live | alakeçinir eseleif they will live |
| Conditional, aorist | menkeçinmez esemif I won't live | senkeçinmez eseŋif you won't live | olkeçinmez eseif he won't live | bizkeçinmez esekif we won't live | sizkeçinmez esegizif you all won't live | alakeçinmez eseleif they won't live |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menkeçinnik esem4keçinirik esemif I am going to live | senkeçinnik eseŋ4keçinirik eseŋif you are going to live | olkeçinnik ese4keçinirik eseif he is going to live | bizkeçinnik esek4keçinirik esekif we are going to live | sizkeçinnik esegiz4keçinirik esegizif you all are going to live | alakeçinnik esele4keçinirik eseleif they are going to live |
| Conditional, future | menkeçinnik tül esem4keçinirik tül esemif I am not going to live | senkeçinnik tül eseŋ4keçinirik tül eseŋif you are not going to live | olkeçinnik tül ese4keçinirik tül eseif he is not going to live | bizkeçinnik tül esek4keçinirik tül esekif we are not going to live | sizkeçinnik tül esegiz4keçinirik tül esegizif you all are not going to live | alakeçinnik tül esele4keçinirik tül eseleif they are not going to live |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menkeçinnik bolsam5keçinirik bolsamif I were going to live | senkeçinnik bolsaŋ5keçinirik bolsaŋif you were going to live | olkeçinnik bolsa5keçinirik bolsaif he were going to live | bizkeçinnik bolsaq5keçinirik bolsaqif we were going to live | sizkeçinnik bolsağız5keçinirik bolsağızif you all were going to live | alakeçinnik bolsala5keçinirik bolsalaif they were going to live |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menkeçinmezlik bolsamif I were not going to live | senkeçinmezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to live | olkeçinmezlik bolsaif he were not going to live | bizkeçinmezlik bolsaqif we were not going to live | sizkeçinmezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to live | alakeçinmezlik bolsalaif they were not going to live |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso keçindiŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
- Conditional, futurefull form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so keçinirik ese
- Conditional, counterfactual futurefull form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so keçinirik bolsa
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menkeçine bolurmaI must be living | senkeçine bolursayou must be living | olkeçine bolurhe must be living | bizkeçine bolurbuzwe must be living | sizkeçine bolursuzyou all must be living | alakeçine bolurlathey must be living |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menkeçinmey bolurmaI must not be living | senkeçinmey bolursayou must not be living | olkeçinmey bolurhe must not be living | bizkeçinmey bolurbuzwe must not be living | sizkeçinmey bolursuzyou all must not be living | alakeçinmey bolurlathey must not be living |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menkeçine tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of living | senkeçine tura bolursayou must be in the middle of living | olkeçine tura bolurhe must be in the middle of living | bizkeçine tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of living | sizkeçine tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of living | alakeçine tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of living |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menkeçinmey tura bolurmaI must keep on not living | senkeçinmey tura bolursayou must keep on not living | olkeçinmey tura bolurhe must keep on not living | bizkeçinmey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not living | sizkeçinmey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not living | alakeçinmey tura bolurlathey must keep on not living |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menkeçinŋen bolurmaI must have lived | senkeçinŋen bolursayou must have lived | olkeçinŋen bolurhe must have lived | bizkeçinŋen bolurbuzwe must have lived | sizkeçinŋen bolursuzyou all must have lived | alakeçinŋen bolurlathey must have lived |
| Inference (must have) | menkeçinmegen bolurmaI must not have lived | senkeçinmegen bolursayou must not have lived | olkeçinmegen bolurhe must not have lived | bizkeçinmegen bolurbuzwe must not have lived | sizkeçinmegen bolursuzyou all must not have lived | alakeçinmegen bolurlathey must not have lived |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menkeçinnik bolurma6keçinirik bolurmaI must be going to live | senkeçinnik bolursa6keçinirik bolursayou must be going to live | olkeçinnik bolur6keçinirik bolurhe must be going to live | bizkeçinnik bolurbuz6keçinirik bolurbuzwe must be going to live | sizkeçinnik bolursuz6keçinirik bolursuzyou all must be going to live | alakeçinnik bolurla6keçinirik bolurlathey must be going to live |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menkeçinmezlik bolurmaI must not be going to live | senkeçinmezlik bolursayou must not be going to live | olkeçinmezlik bolurhe must not be going to live | bizkeçinmezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to live | sizkeçinmezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to live | alakeçinmezlik bolurlathey must not be going to live |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Inference, future (must be going to)full form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so keçinirik bolur
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menkeçineyimlet me live | senkeçin!live! | olkeçinsinlet him live | bizkeçineyiklet's live | sizkeçinigiz!live, you all! | alakeçinsinlelet them live |
| Commands & suggestions | menkeçinmeyimlet me not live | senkeçinme!don't live! | olkeçinmesinlet him not live | bizkeçinmeyiklet's not live | sizkeçinmegiz!don't live, you all! | alakeçinmesinlelet them not live |
| Commands & suggestions | menkeçineyimmi?shall I live? | olkeçinsinmi?should he live? | bizkeçineyikmi?shall we live? | alakeçinsinlemi?should they live? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menkeçinmeyimmi?shall I not live? | olkeçinmesinmi?should he not live? | bizkeçinmeyikmi?shall we not live? | alakeçinmesinlemi?should they not live? | ||
| Requests | senkeçinçi7keçinçinplease live | olkeçinsinçido let him live | sizkeçinçigizplease live (plural/polite) | alakeçinsinleçido let them live | ||
| Requests | senkeçinmeçi7keçinmeçinplease don't live | olkeçinmesinçido let him not live | sizkeçinmeçigizplease don't live (plural/polite) | alakeçinmesinleçido let them not live | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senkeçinŋinkeçinŋimay you live | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senkeçinmeginkeçinmegimay you not live | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menkeçinŋey edim keçinŋe edimwould that I lived | senkeçinŋey ediŋ keçinŋe ediŋwould that you lived | olkeçinŋey edi keçinŋe ediwould that he lived | bizkeçinŋey edik keçinŋe edikwould that we lived | sizkeçinŋey edigiz keçinŋe edigizwould that you all lived | alakeçinŋey edile keçinŋe edilewould that they lived |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menkeçinmegey edim keçinmege edimwould that I did not live | senkeçinmegey ediŋ keçinmege ediŋwould that you did not live | olkeçinmegey edi keçinmege ediwould that he did not live | bizkeçinmegey edik keçinmege edikwould that we did not live | sizkeçinmegey edigiz keçinmege edigizwould that you all did not live | alakeçinmegey edile keçinmege edilewould that they did not live |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menkeçinmege qoyayımkeçinme qoyayımlet me allow someone to live | senkeçinmege qoy!keçinme qoy!let someone live! | olkeçinmege qoysunkeçinme qoysunlet him allow someone to live | bizkeçinmege qoyayıqkeçinme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to live | sizkeçinmege qoyuğuz!keçinme qoyuğuz!let someone live, you all! | alakeçinmege qoysunlakeçinme qoysunlalet them allow someone to live |
| Let someone… (commands) | menkeçinmege qoymayımkeçinme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to live | senkeçinmege qoyma!keçinme qoyma!don't let someone live! | olkeçinmege qoymasınkeçinme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to live | bizkeçinmege qoymayıqkeçinme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to live | sizkeçinmege qoymağız!keçinme qoymağız!don't let someone live, you all! | alakeçinmege qoymasınlakeçinme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to live |
| Let someone… (commands) | menkeçinmege qoyayımmı?keçinme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to live? | olkeçinmege qoysunmu?keçinme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to live? | bizkeçinmege qoyayıqmı?keçinme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to live? | alakeçinmege qoysunlamı?keçinme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to live? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menkeçinmege qoymayımmı?keçinme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to live? | olkeçinmege qoymasınmı?keçinme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to live? | bizkeçinmege qoymayıqmı?keçinme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to live? | alakeçinmege qoymasınlamı?keçinme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to live? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menkeçinmege qoyamakeçinme qoyamaI allow someone to live | senkeçinmege qoyasakeçinme qoyasayou allow someone to live | olkeçinmege qoyadıkeçinme qoyadıhe allows someone to live | bizkeçinmege qoyabızkeçinme qoyabızwe allow someone to live | sizkeçinmege qoyasızkeçinme qoyasızyou all allow someone to live | alakeçinmege qoyadılakeçinme qoyadılathey allow someone to live |
| Let someone… (present) | menkeçinmege qoymaymakeçinme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to live | senkeçinmege qoymaysakeçinme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to live | olkeçinmege qoymaydıkeçinme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to live | bizkeçinmege qoymaybızkeçinme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to live | sizkeçinmege qoymaysızkeçinme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to live | alakeçinmege qoymaydılakeçinme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to live |
| Let someone… (present) | menkeçinmege qoyamamı?keçinme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to live? | senkeçinmege qoyamısa?keçinme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to live? | olkeçinmege qoyamıdı?keçinme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to live? | bizkeçinmege qoyabızmı?keçinme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to live? | sizkeçinmege qoyamısız?keçinme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to live? | alakeçinmege qoyamıdıla?keçinme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to live? |
| Let someone… (present) | menkeçinmege qoymaymamı?keçinme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to live? | senkeçinmege qoymaymısa?keçinme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to live? | olkeçinmege qoymaymıdı?keçinme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to live? | bizkeçinmege qoymaybızmı?keçinme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to live? | sizkeçinmege qoymaymısız?keçinme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to live? | alakeçinmege qoymaymıdıla?keçinme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to live? |
| Let someone… (past) | menkeçinmege qoydumkeçinme qoydumI allowed someone to live | senkeçinmege qoyduŋkeçinme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to live | olkeçinmege qoydukeçinme qoyduhe allowed someone to live | bizkeçinmege qoyduqkeçinme qoyduqwe allowed someone to live | sizkeçinmege qoyduğuzkeçinme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to live | alakeçinmege qoydulakeçinme qoydulathey allowed someone to live |
| Let someone… (past) | menkeçinmege qoymadımkeçinme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to live | senkeçinmege qoymadıŋkeçinme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to live | olkeçinmege qoymadıkeçinme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to live | bizkeçinmege qoymadıqkeçinme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to live | sizkeçinmege qoymadığızkeçinme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to live | alakeçinmege qoymadılakeçinme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to live |
| Let someone… (past) | menkeçinmege qoydummu?keçinme qoydummu?did I allow someone to live? | senkeçinmege qoyduŋmu?keçinme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to live? | olkeçinmege qoydumu?keçinme qoydumu?did he allow someone to live? | bizkeçinmege qoyduqmu?keçinme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to live? | sizkeçinmege qoyduğuzmu?keçinme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to live? | alakeçinmege qoydulamı?keçinme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to live? |
| Let someone… (past) | menkeçinmege qoymadımmı?keçinme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to live? | senkeçinmege qoymadıŋmı?keçinme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to live? | olkeçinmege qoymadımı?keçinme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to live? | bizkeçinmege qoymadıqmı?keçinme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to live? | sizkeçinmege qoymadığızmı?keçinme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to live? | alakeçinmege qoymadılamı?keçinme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to live? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
keçinalırğa be able to live · keçinalmazğa be unable to live
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menkeçinalamaI can live | senkeçinalasayou can live | olkeçinaladıhe can live | bizkeçinalabızwe can live | sizkeçinalasızyou all can live | alakeçinaladılathey can live |
| Ability — present | menkeçinalmaymaI can't live | senkeçinalmaysayou can't live | olkeçinalmaydıhe can't live | bizkeçinalmaybızwe can't live | sizkeçinalmaysızyou all can't live | alakeçinalmaydılathey can't live |
| Ability — present | menkeçinalamamı? keçinalamıma?can I live? | senkeçinalamısa?can you live? | olkeçinalamıdı?can he live? | bizkeçinalabızmı? keçinalamıbız?can we live? | sizkeçinalamısız?can you all live? | alakeçinalamıdıla?can they live? |
| Ability — present | menkeçinalmaymamı? keçinalmaymıma?can't I live? | senkeçinalmaymısa?can't you live? | olkeçinalmaymıdı?can't he live? | bizkeçinalmaybızmı? keçinalmaymıbız?can't we live? | sizkeçinalmaymısız?can't you all live? | alakeçinalmaymıdıla?can't they live? |
| Ability — if I can… | menkeçinalsamif I can live | senkeçinalsaŋif you can live | olkeçinalsaif he can live | bizkeçinalsaqif we can live | sizkeçinalsağızif you all can live | alakeçinalsalaif they can live |
| Ability — if I can… | menkeçinalmasamif I can't live | senkeçinalmasaŋif you can't live | olkeçinalmasaif he can't live | bizkeçinalmasaqif we can't live | sizkeçinalmasağızif you all can't live | alakeçinalmasalaif they can't live |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menkeçinaldımI was able to live | senkeçinaldıŋyou were able to live | olkeçinaldıhe was able to live | bizkeçinaldıqwe were able to live | sizkeçinaldığızyou all were able to live | alakeçinaldılathey were able to live |
| Ability — simple past | menkeçinalmadımI could not live | senkeçinalmadıŋyou could not live | olkeçinalmadıhe could not live | bizkeçinalmadıqwe could not live | sizkeçinalmadığızyou all could not live | alakeçinalmadılathey could not live |
| Ability — simple past | menkeçinaldımmı?was I able to live? | senkeçinaldıŋmı?were you able to live? | olkeçinaldımı?was he able to live? | bizkeçinaldıqmı?were we able to live? | sizkeçinaldığızmı?were you all able to live? | alakeçinaldılamı?were they able to live? |
| Ability — simple past | menkeçinalmadımmı?couldn't I live? | senkeçinalmadıŋmı?couldn't you live? | olkeçinalmadımı?couldn't he live? | bizkeçinalmadıqmı?couldn't we live? | sizkeçinalmadığızmı?couldn't you all live? | alakeçinalmadılamı?couldn't they live? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menkeçinalğanmaI have been able to live | senkeçinalğansayou have been able to live | olkeçinalğandıhe has been able to live | bizkeçinalğanbızwe have been able to live | sizkeçinalğansızyou all have been able to live | alakeçinalğandılathey have been able to live |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menkeçinalmağanmaI haven't been able to live | senkeçinalmağansayou haven't been able to live | olkeçinalmağandıhe hasn't been able to live | bizkeçinalmağanbızwe haven't been able to live | sizkeçinalmağansızyou all haven't been able to live | alakeçinalmağandılathey haven't been able to live |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menkeçinalğanmamı? keçinalğanmıma?have I been able to live? | senkeçinalğanmısa?have you been able to live? | olkeçinalğanmıdı?has he been able to live? | bizkeçinalğanbızmı? keçinalğanmıbız?have we been able to live? | sizkeçinalğanmısız?have you all been able to live? | alakeçinalğanmıdıla?have they been able to live? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menkeçinalmağanmamı? keçinalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to live? | senkeçinalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to live? | olkeçinalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to live? | bizkeçinalmağanbızmı? keçinalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to live? | sizkeçinalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to live? | alakeçinalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to live? |
| Ability — past perfect | menkeçinalğan edimkeçinalğanemI had been able to live | senkeçinalğan ediŋkeçinalğaneŋyou had been able to live | olkeçinalğan edikeçinalğanedhe had been able to live | bizkeçinalğan edikkeçinalğanekwe had been able to live | sizkeçinalğan edigizkeçinalğanegizyou all had been able to live | alakeçinalğan edilekeçinalğanellethey had been able to live |
| Ability — past perfect | menkeçinalmağan edimkeçinalmağanemI hadn't been able to live | senkeçinalmağan ediŋkeçinalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to live | olkeçinalmağan edikeçinalmağanedhe hadn't been able to live | bizkeçinalmağan edikkeçinalmağanekwe hadn't been able to live | sizkeçinalmağan edigizkeçinalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to live | alakeçinalmağan edilekeçinalmağanellethey hadn't been able to live |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menkeçinala edimkeçinalaemI could live | senkeçinala ediŋkeçinalaeŋyou could live | olkeçinala edikeçinalaedhe could live | bizkeçinala edikkeçinalaekwe could live | sizkeçinala edigizkeçinalaegizyou all could live | alakeçinala edilekeçinalaellethey could live |
| Ability — past background | menkeçinalmay edimkeçinalmayemI could not live | senkeçinalmay ediŋkeçinalmayeŋyou could not live | olkeçinalmay edikeçinalmayedhe could not live | bizkeçinalmay edikkeçinalmayekwe could not live | sizkeçinalmay edigizkeçinalmayegizyou all could not live | alakeçinalmay edilekeçinalmayellethey could not live |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menkeçinalırmaI will be able to live | senkeçinalırsayou will be able to live | olkeçinalırhe will be able to live | bizkeçinalırbızwe will be able to live | sizkeçinalırsızyou all will be able to live | alakeçinalırlathey will be able to live |
| Ability — future I | menkeçinalmazmaI won't be able to live | senkeçinalmazsayou won't be able to live | olkeçinalmazhe won't be able to live | bizkeçinalmazbızwe won't be able to live | sizkeçinalmazsızyou all won't be able to live | alakeçinalmazlathey won't be able to live |
| Ability — future I | menkeçinalırmamı? keçinalırmıma?will I be able to live? | senkeçinalırmısa?will you be able to live? | olkeçinalırmı?will he be able to live? | bizkeçinalırbızmı? keçinalırmıbız?will we be able to live? | sizkeçinalırmısız?will you all be able to live? | alakeçinalırlamı? keçinalırmıla?will they be able to live? |
| Ability — future I | menkeçinalmazmamı? keçinalmazmıma?won't I be able to live? | senkeçinalmazmısa?won't you be able to live? | olkeçinalmazmı?won't he be able to live? | bizkeçinalmazbızmı? keçinalmazmıbız?won't we be able to live? | sizkeçinalmazmısız?won't you all be able to live? | alakeçinalmazlamı? keçinalmazmıla?won't they be able to live? |
| Ability — future II | menkeçinallıqmaI am going to be able to live | senkeçinallıqsayou are going to be able to live | olkeçinallıqdıhe is going to be able to live | bizkeçinallıqbızwe are going to be able to live | sizkeçinallıqsızyou all are going to be able to live | alakeçinallıqdılathey are going to be able to live |
| Ability — future II | menkeçinallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to live | senkeçinallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to live | olkeçinallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to live | bizkeçinallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to live | sizkeçinallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to live | alakeçinallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to live |
| Ability — future II | menkeçinallıqmamı? keçinallıqmıma?am I going to be able to live? | senkeçinallıqmısa?are you going to be able to live? | olkeçinallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to live? | bizkeçinallıqbızmı? keçinallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to live? | sizkeçinallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to live? | alakeçinallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to live? |
| Ability — future II | menkeçinallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to live? | senkeçinallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to live? | olkeçinallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to live? | bizkeçinallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to live? | sizkeçinallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to live? | alakeçinallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to live? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menkeçinalır edimkeçinalır emI would be able to live | senkeçinalır ediŋkeçinalır eŋyou would be able to live | olkeçinalır edikeçinalır edhe would be able to live | bizkeçinalır edikkeçinalır ekwe would be able to live | sizkeçinalır edigizkeçinalır egizyou all would be able to live | alakeçinalır edilekeçinalır ellethey would be able to live |
| Ability — would be able to… | menkeçinalmaz edimkeçinalmaz emI wouldn't be able to live | senkeçinalmaz ediŋkeçinalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to live | olkeçinalmaz edikeçinalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to live | bizkeçinalmaz edikkeçinalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to live | sizkeçinalmaz edigizkeçinalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to live | alakeçinalmaz edilekeçinalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to live |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senkeçinalğınkeçinalğımay you be able to live | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senkeçinalmağınkeçinalmağımay you not be able to live | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menkeçinirge izleymeI want to live | senkeçinirge izleyseyou want to live | olkeçinirge izleydihe wants to live | bizkeçinirge izleybizwe want to live | sizkeçinirge izleysizyou all want to live | alakeçinirge izleydilethey want to live |
| want to | menkeçinirge izlemeymeI do not want to live | senkeçinirge izlemeyseyou do not want to live | olkeçinirge izlemeydihe does not want to live | bizkeçinirge izlemeybizwe do not want to live | sizkeçinirge izlemeysizyou all do not want to live | alakeçinirge izlemeydilethey do not want to live |
| would like to | menkeçinirge süemeI would like to live | senkeçinirge süeseyou would like to live | olkeçinirge süedihe would like to live | bizkeçinirge süebizwe would like to live | sizkeçinirge süesizyou all would like to live | alakeçinirge süedilethey would like to live |
| would like to | menkeçinirge süymeymeI would not like to live | senkeçinirge süymeyseyou would not like to live | olkeçinirge süymeydihe would not like to live | bizkeçinirge süymeybizwe would not like to live | sizkeçinirge süymeysizyou all would not like to live | alakeçinirge süymeydilethey would not like to live |
| hope to | menkeçinirge umutlanamaI hope to live | senkeçinirge umutlanasayou hope to live | olkeçinirge umutlanadıhe hopes to live | bizkeçinirge umutlanabızwe hope to live | sizkeçinirge umutlanasızyou all hope to live | alakeçinirge umutlanadılathey hope to live |
| hope to | menkeçinirge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to live | senkeçinirge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to live | olkeçinirge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to live | bizkeçinirge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to live | sizkeçinirge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to live | alakeçinirge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to live |
| be about to | menkeçinirge deb turamaI am about to live | senkeçinirge deb turasayou are about to live | olkeçinirge deb turadıhe is about to live | bizkeçinirge deb turabızwe are about to live | sizkeçinirge deb turasızyou all are about to live | alakeçinirge deb turadılathey are about to live |
| be about to | menkeçinirge deb turmaymaI am not about to live | senkeçinirge deb turmaysayou are not about to live | olkeçinirge deb turmaydıhe is not about to live | bizkeçinirge deb turmaybızwe are not about to live | sizkeçinirge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to live | alakeçinirge deb turmaydılathey are not about to live |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menkeçinirge kerekmeI need to live | senkeçinirge kerekseyou need to live | olkeçinirge kerekdihe needs to live | bizkeçinirge kerekbizwe need to live | sizkeçinirge kereksizyou all need to live | alakeçinirge kerekdilethey need to live |
| need to | menkeçinirge kerek tülmeI do not need to live | senkeçinirge kerek tülseyou do not need to live | olkeçinirge kerek tüldühe does not need to live | bizkeçinirge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to live | sizkeçinirge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to live | alakeçinirge kerek tüldülethey do not need to live |
| have to | menmenŋe keçinirge tüşediI have to live | sensenŋe keçinirge tüşediyou have to live | olaŋa keçinirge tüşedihe has to live | bizbizge keçinirge tüşediwe have to live | sizsizge keçinirge tüşediyou all have to live | alaalağa keçinirge tüşedithey have to live |
| have to | menmenŋe keçinirge tüşmeydiI do not have to live | sensenŋe keçinirge tüşmeydiyou do not have to live | olaŋa keçinirge tüşmeydihe does not have to live | bizbizge keçinirge tüşmeydiwe do not have to live | sizsizge keçinirge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to live | alaalağa keçinirge tüşmeydithey do not have to live |
| be obliged to | menkeçinirge borçlumaI am obliged to live | senkeçinirge borçlusayou are obliged to live | olkeçinirge borçluduhe is obliged to live | bizkeçinirge borçlubuzwe are obliged to live | sizkeçinirge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to live | alakeçinirge borçludulathey are obliged to live |
| be obliged to | menkeçinirge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to live | senkeçinirge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to live | olkeçinirge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to live | bizkeçinirge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to live | sizkeçinirge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to live | alakeçinirge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to live |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menkeçinirge madarım bardıI have a way to live | senkeçinirge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to live | olkeçinirge madarı bardıhe has a way to live | bizkeçinirge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to live | sizkeçinirge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to live | alakeçinirge madarları bardıthey have a way to live |
| have a way to | menkeçinirge madarım joqduI have no way to live | senkeçinirge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to live | olkeçinirge madarı joqduhe has no way to live | bizkeçinirge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to live | sizkeçinirge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to live | alakeçinirge madarları joqduthey have no way to live |
| be free to | menkeçinirge erkinligim bardıI am free to live | senkeçinirge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to live | olkeçinirge erkinligi bardıhe is free to live | bizkeçinirge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to live | sizkeçinirge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to live | alakeçinirge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to live |
| be free to | menkeçinirge erkinligim joqduI am not free to live | senkeçinirge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to live | olkeçinirge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to live | bizkeçinirge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to live | sizkeçinirge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to live | alakeçinirge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to live |
| be possible to | menmenŋe keçinirge bolluqduit is possible for me to live | sensenŋe keçinirge bolluqduit is possible for you to live | olaŋa keçinirge bolluqduit is possible for him to live | bizbizge keçinirge bolluqduit is possible for us to live | sizsizge keçinirge bolluqduit is possible for you all to live | alaalağa keçinirge bolluqduit is possible for them to live |
| be possible to | menmenŋe keçinirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to live | sensenŋe keçinirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to live | olaŋa keçinirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to live | bizbizge keçinirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to live | sizsizge keçinirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to live | alaalağa keçinirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to live |
| be ready to | menkeçinirge hazırmaI am ready to live | senkeçinirge hazırsayou are ready to live | olkeçinirge hazırdıhe is ready to live | bizkeçinirge hazırbızwe are ready to live | sizkeçinirge hazırsızyou all are ready to live | alakeçinirge hazırdılathey are ready to live |
| be ready to | menkeçinirge hazır tülmeI am not ready to live | senkeçinirge hazır tülseyou are not ready to live | olkeçinirge hazır tüldühe is not ready to live | bizkeçinirge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to live | sizkeçinirge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to live | alakeçinirge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to live |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menkeçinirge küreşemeI am trying to live | senkeçinirge küreşeseyou are trying to live | olkeçinirge küreşedihe is trying to live | bizkeçinirge küreşebizwe are trying to live | sizkeçinirge küreşesizyou all are trying to live | alakeçinirge küreşedilethey are trying to live |
| try to | menkeçinirge küreşmeymeI am not trying to live | senkeçinirge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to live | olkeçinirge küreşmeydihe is not trying to live | bizkeçinirge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to live | sizkeçinirge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to live | alakeçinirge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to live |
| agree to | menkeçinirge unaymaI agree to live | senkeçinirge unaysayou agree to live | olkeçinirge unaydıhe agrees to live | bizkeçinirge unaybızwe agree to live | sizkeçinirge unaysızyou all agree to live | alakeçinirge unaydılathey agree to live |
| agree to | menkeçinirge unamaymaI refuse to live | senkeçinirge unamaysayou refuse to live | olkeçinirge unamaydıhe refuses to live | bizkeçinirge unamaybızwe refuse to live | sizkeçinirge unamaysızyou all refuse to live | alakeçinirge unamaydılathey refuse to live |
| hurry to | menkeçinirge aşığamaI am in a hurry to live | senkeçinirge aşığasayou are in a hurry to live | olkeçinirge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to live | bizkeçinirge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to live | sizkeçinirge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to live | alakeçinirge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to live |
| hurry to | menkeçinirge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to live | senkeçinirge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to live | olkeçinirge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to live | bizkeçinirge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to live | sizkeçinirge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to live | alakeçinirge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to live |
| be afraid to | menkeçinirge qorqamaI am afraid to live | senkeçinirge qorqasayou are afraid to live | olkeçinirge qorqadıhe is afraid to live | bizkeçinirge qorqabızwe are afraid to live | sizkeçinirge qorqasızyou all are afraid to live | alakeçinirge qorqadılathey are afraid to live |
| be afraid to | menkeçinirge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to live | senkeçinirge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to live | olkeçinirge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to live | bizkeçinirge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to live | sizkeçinirge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to live | alakeçinirge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to live |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menkeçine bolmazmaI can't be living | senkeçine bolmazsayou can't be living | olkeçine bolmazhe can't be living | bizkeçine bolmazbızwe can't be living | sizkeçine bolmazsızyou all can't be living | alakeçine bolmazlathey can't be living |
| Inference, present — double negation | menkeçinmey bolmazmaI must be living (emphatic) | senkeçinmey bolmazsayou must be living (emphatic) | olkeçinmey bolmazhe must be living (emphatic) | bizkeçinmey bolmazbızwe must be living (emphatic) | sizkeçinmey bolmazsızyou all must be living (emphatic) | alakeçinmey bolmazlathey must be living (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menkeçine turmasamif I don't keep living | senkeçine turmasaŋif you don't keep living | olkeçine turmasaif he doesn't keep living | bizkeçine turmasaqif we don't keep living | sizkeçine turmasağızif you all don't keep living | alakeçine turmasalaif they don't keep living |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menkeçine tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of living | senkeçine tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of living | olkeçine tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of living | bizkeçine tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of living | sizkeçine tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of living | alakeçine tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of living |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menkeçinmey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not living (emphatic) | senkeçinmey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not living (emphatic) | olkeçinmey tura bolmazhe must keep on not living (emphatic) | bizkeçinmey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not living (emphatic) | sizkeçinmey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not living (emphatic) | alakeçinmey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not living (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menkeçinmey turamaI keep on not living | senkeçinmey turasayou keep on not living | olkeçinmey turadıhe keeps on not living | bizkeçinmey turabızwe keep on not living | sizkeçinmey turasızyou all keep on not living | alakeçinmey turadılathey keep on not living |
| Progressive — double negation | menkeçinmey turmaymaI am not keeping on not living | senkeçinmey turmaysayou are not keeping on not living | olkeçinmey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not living | bizkeçinmey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not living | sizkeçinmey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not living | alakeçinmey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not living |
| Progressive — double negation | menkeçinmey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not living? | senkeçinmey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not living? | olkeçinmey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not living? | bizkeçinmey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not living? | sizkeçinmey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not living? | alakeçinmey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not living? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menkeçinŋen bolmazmaI can't have lived | senkeçinŋen bolmazsayou can't have lived | olkeçinŋen bolmazhe can't have lived | bizkeçinŋen bolmazbızwe can't have lived | sizkeçinŋen bolmazsızyou all can't have lived | alakeçinŋen bolmazlathey can't have lived |
| Inference — double negation | menkeçinmegen bolmazmaI must have lived (emphatic) | senkeçinmegen bolmazsayou must have lived (emphatic) | olkeçinmegen bolmazhe must have lived (emphatic) | bizkeçinmegen bolmazbızwe must have lived (emphatic) | sizkeçinmegen bolmazsızyou all must have lived (emphatic) | alakeçinmegen bolmazlathey must have lived (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menkeçinŋen bolmasamif it weren't that I had lived | senkeçinŋen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had lived | olkeçinŋen bolmasaif it weren't that he had lived | bizkeçinŋen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had lived | sizkeçinŋen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had lived | alakeçinŋen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had lived |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menkeçinmegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't lived | senkeçinmegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't lived | olkeçinmegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't lived | bizkeçinmegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't lived | sizkeçinmegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't lived | alakeçinmegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't lived |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menkeçinnik bolmazmaI can't be going to live | senkeçinnik bolmazsayou can't be going to live | olkeçinnik bolmazhe can't be going to live | bizkeçinnik bolmazbızwe can't be going to live | sizkeçinnik bolmazsızyou all can't be going to live | alakeçinnik bolmazlathey can't be going to live |
| Inference, future — double negation | menkeçinmezlik bolmazmaI must be going to live (emphatic) | senkeçinmezlik bolmazsayou must be going to live (emphatic) | olkeçinmezlik bolmazhe must be going to live (emphatic) | bizkeçinmezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to live (emphatic) | sizkeçinmezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to live (emphatic) | alakeçinmezlik bolmazlathey must be going to live (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menkeçinnik bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to live | senkeçinnik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to live | olkeçinnik bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to live | bizkeçinnik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to live | sizkeçinnik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to live | alakeçinnik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to live |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menkeçinmezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to live | senkeçinmezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to live | olkeçinmezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to live | bizkeçinmezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to live | sizkeçinmezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to live | alakeçinmezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to live |