asırarğa
/asɯrarʁa/
1. to keep, to store, to keep safe
- biçenni qışha asırarğa — to keep the hay for the winter
- ol kitabnı kübürde asırayma — I keep that book in the chest
- açhaŋı asırarğa berirge — to give your money in for safekeeping
- kiyimleni kübürde asıraybız — we keep the clothes in the chest
2. to put away, to stash, to hide away
- asırab qoyarğa — to stash something away
- artha asırarğa — to put something by for later
- asırab tururğa — to keep something put away
- açhanı asırab qoyğandı — he has stashed the money away
3. to feed, to raise, to bring up
- üç sabiy asırayma — I am bringing up three children
- üydegi asırarğa — to support a family
- öksüzle asırarğa — to bring up orphans
- emçek bla asırarğa — to feed at the breast
- süymeklik asırayma jüregimde — I cherish love in my heart
4. to fatten up — Said of livestock.
- qoy asırarğa — to fatten a sheep
- irkni asırarğa — to fatten the wether
- malnı asıraydıla — they are fattening the livestock
5. to bury, to inter
- ölgenni asırarğa barırğa — to go to bury the deceased
- ölüknü asırağınçı — until the body is buried
- asırağan edik anı — we buried him
Expressions
- qarının asırarğa — feed and support
Conjugation
Common forms
- asıraydıhe is keeping
- asıradıhe kept
- asırağandıhe has kept
- asırarhe will keep
- asırarıqdıhe is going to keep
- asıray edihe was keeping
- asırasaif he keeps
- asıra!keep!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menasıraymaI am keeping | senasıraysayou are keeping | olasıraydıhe is keeping | bizasıraybızwe are keeping | sizasıraysızyou all are keeping | alaasıraydılathey are keeping |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menasıramaymaI am not keeping | senasıramaysayou are not keeping | olasıramaydıhe is not keeping | bizasıramaybızwe are not keeping | sizasıramaysızyou all are not keeping | alaasıramaydılathey are not keeping |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menasıraymamı? asıraymıma?am I keeping? | senasıraymısa?are you keeping? | olasıraymıdı?is he keeping? | bizasıraybızmı? asıraymıbız?are we keeping? | sizasıraymısız?are you all keeping? | alaasıraymıdıla?are they keeping? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menasıramaymamı? asıramaymıma?aren't I keeping? | senasıramaymısa?aren't you keeping? | olasıramaymıdı?isn't he keeping? | bizasıramaybızmı? asıramaymıbız?aren't we keeping? | sizasıramaymısız?aren't you all keeping? | alaasıramaymıdıla?aren't they keeping? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menasırawçanmaI usually keep | senasırawçansayou usually keep | olasırawçandıhe usually keeps | bizasırawçanbızwe usually keep | sizasırawçansızyou all usually keep | alaasırawçandılathey usually keep |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menasırawçan tülmeI don't usually keep | senasırawçan tülseyou don't usually keep | olasırawçan tüldühe doesn't usually keep | bizasırawçan tülbüzwe don't usually keep | sizasırawçan tülsüzyou all don't usually keep | alaasırawçan tüldülethey don't usually keep |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menasırawçanmamı? asırawçanmıma?do I usually keep? | senasırawçanmısa?do you usually keep? | olasırawçanmıdı?does he usually keep? | bizasırawçanbızmı? asırawçanmıbız?do we usually keep? | sizasırawçanmısız?do you all usually keep? | alaasırawçanmıdıla?do they usually keep? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menasırawçan tülmüme?don't I usually keep? | senasırawçan tülmüse?don't you usually keep? | olasırawçan tülmüdü?doesn't he usually keep? | bizasırawçan tülmübüz?don't we usually keep? | sizasırawçan tülmüsüz?don't you all usually keep? | alaasırawçan tülmüdüle?don't they usually keep? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olasırabdıhe has kept and remains so | alaasırabdılathey have kept and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olasırabmıdı?has he kept? | alaasırabmıdıla?have they kept? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menasıray turamaI am in the middle of keeping | senasıray turasayou are in the middle of keeping | olasıray turadıhe is in the middle of keeping | bizasıray turabızwe are in the middle of keeping | sizasıray turasızyou all are in the middle of keeping | alaasıray turadılathey are in the middle of keeping |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menasıray turmaymaI am not in the middle of keeping | senasıray turmaysayou are not in the middle of keeping | olasıray turmaydıhe is not in the middle of keeping | bizasıray turmaybızwe are not in the middle of keeping | sizasıray turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of keeping | alaasıray turmaydılathey are not in the middle of keeping |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menasıray turamamı? asıray turamıma?am I in the middle of keeping? | senasıray turamısa?are you in the middle of keeping? | olasıray turamıdı?is he in the middle of keeping? | bizasıray turabızmı? asıray turamıbız?are we in the middle of keeping? | sizasıray turamısız?are you all in the middle of keeping? | alaasıray turamıdıla?are they in the middle of keeping? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menasıray turmaymamı? asıray turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of keeping? | senasıray turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of keeping? | olasıray turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of keeping? | bizasıray turmaybızmı? asıray turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of keeping? | sizasıray turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of keeping? | alaasıray turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of keeping? |
| Simple past (definite) | menasıradımI kept | senasıradıŋyou kept | olasıradıhe kept | bizasıradıqwe kept | sizasıradığızyou all kept | alaasıradılathey kept |
| Simple past (definite) | menasıramadımI didn't keep | senasıramadıŋyou didn't keep | olasıramadıhe didn't keep | bizasıramadıqwe didn't keep | sizasıramadığızyou all didn't keep | alaasıramadılathey didn't keep |
| Simple past (definite) | menasıradımmı?did I keep? | senasıradıŋmı?did you keep? | olasıradımı?did he keep? | bizasıradıqmı?did we keep? | sizasıradığızmı?did you all keep? | alaasıradılamı?did they keep? |
| Simple past (definite) | menasıramadımmı?didn't I keep? | senasıramadıŋmı?didn't you keep? | olasıramadımı?didn't he keep? | bizasıramadıqmı?didn't we keep? | sizasıramadığızmı?didn't you all keep? | alaasıramadılamı?didn't they keep? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menasırağanmaI have kept | senasırağansayou have kept | olasırağandıhe has kept | bizasırağanbızwe have kept | sizasırağansızyou all have kept | alaasırağandılathey have kept |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menasıramağanmaI haven't kept | senasıramağansayou haven't kept | olasıramağandıhe hasn't kept | bizasıramağanbızwe haven't kept | sizasıramağansızyou all haven't kept | alaasıramağandılathey haven't kept |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menasırağanmamı? asırağanmıma?have I kept? | senasırağanmısa?have you kept? | olasırağanmıdı?has he kept? | bizasırağanbızmı? asırağanmıbız?have we kept? | sizasırağanmısız?have you all kept? | alaasırağanmıdıla?have they kept? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menasıramağanmamı? asıramağanmıma?haven't I kept? | senasıramağanmısa?haven't you kept? | olasıramağanmıdı?hasn't he kept? | bizasıramağanbızmı? asıramağanmıbız?haven't we kept? | sizasıramağanmısız?haven't you all kept? | alaasıramağanmıdıla?haven't they kept? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menasırarmaI will keep | senasırarsayou will keep | olasırarhe will keep | bizasırarbızwe will keep | sizasırarsızyou all will keep | alaasırarlathey will keep |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menasıramazmaI won't keep | senasıramazsayou won't keep | olasıramazhe won't keep | bizasıramazbızwe won't keep | sizasıramazsızyou all won't keep | alaasıramazlathey won't keep |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menasırarmamı? asırarmıma?will I keep? | senasırarmısa?will you keep? | olasırarmı?will he keep? | bizasırarbızmı? asırarmıbız?will we keep? | sizasırarmısız?will you all keep? | alaasırarlamı? asırarmıla?will they keep? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menasıramazmamı? asıramazmıma?won't I keep? | senasıramazmısa?won't you keep? | olasıramazmı?won't he keep? | bizasıramazbızmı? asıramazmıbız?won't we keep? | sizasıramazmısız?won't you all keep? | alaasıramazlamı? asıramazmıla?won't they keep? |
| Definite future (future II) | menasırarıqmaI am going to keep | senasırarıqsayou are going to keep | olasırarıqdıhe is going to keep | bizasırarıqbızwe are going to keep | sizasırarıqsızyou all are going to keep | alaasırarıqdılathey are going to keep |
| Definite future (future II) | menasırarıq tülmeI am not going to keep | senasırarıq tülseyou are not going to keep | olasırarıq tüldühe is not going to keep | bizasırarıq tülbüzwe are not going to keep | sizasırarıq tülsüzyou all are not going to keep | alaasırarıq tüldülethey are not going to keep |
| Definite future (future II) | menasırarıqmamı? asırarıqmıma?am I going to keep? | senasırarıqmısa?are you going to keep? | olasırarıqmıdı?is he going to keep? | bizasırarıqbızmı? asırarıqmıbız?are we going to keep? | sizasırarıqmısız?are you all going to keep? | alaasırarıqmıdıla?are they going to keep? |
| Definite future (future II) | menasırarıq tülmüme?aren't I going to keep? | senasırarıq tülmüse?aren't you going to keep? | olasırarıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to keep? | bizasırarıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to keep? | sizasırarıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to keep? | alaasırarıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to keep? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menasırağan edimasırağanemI had kept | senasırağan ediŋasırağaneŋyou had kept | olasırağan ediasırağanedhe had kept | bizasırağan edikasırağanekwe had kept | sizasırağan edigizasırağanegizyou all had kept | alaasırağan edileasırağanellethey had kept |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menasıramağan edimasıramağanemI hadn't kept | senasıramağan ediŋasıramağaneŋyou hadn't kept | olasıramağan ediasıramağanedhe hadn't kept | bizasıramağan edikasıramağanekwe hadn't kept | sizasıramağan edigizasıramağanegizyou all hadn't kept | alaasıramağan edileasıramağanellethey hadn't kept |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menasıray edimasırayemI was keeping | senasıray ediŋasırayeŋyou were keeping | olasıray ediasırayedhe was keeping | bizasıray edikasırayekwe were keeping | sizasıray edigizasırayegizyou all were keeping | alaasıray edileasırayellethey were keeping |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menasıramay edimasıramayemI wasn't keeping | senasıramay ediŋasıramayeŋyou weren't keeping | olasıramay ediasıramayedhe wasn't keeping | bizasıramay edikasıramayekwe weren't keeping | sizasıramay edigizasıramayegizyou all weren't keeping | alaasıramay edileasıramayellethey weren't keeping |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menasırawçan edimasırawçanemI used to keep | senasırawçan ediŋasırawçaneŋyou used to keep | olasırawçan ediasırawçanedhe used to keep | bizasırawçan edikasırawçanekwe used to keep | sizasırawçan edigizasırawçanegizyou all used to keep | alaasırawçan edileasırawçanellethey used to keep |
| Habitual past (used to) | menasırawçan tül edimasırawçan tül emI didn't use to keep | senasırawçan tül ediŋasırawçan tül eŋyou didn't use to keep | olasırawçan tül ediasırawçan tül edhe didn't use to keep | bizasırawçan tül edikasırawçan tül ekwe didn't use to keep | sizasırawçan tül edigizasırawçan tül egizyou all didn't use to keep | alaasırawçan tül edileasırawçan tül ellethey didn't use to keep |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olasırab edihe had kept and remained so | alaasırab edilethey had kept and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olasırab tül edihe hadn't kept | alaasırab tül edilethey hadn't kept | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menasıray tura edimasıray turaemI was in the middle of keeping | senasıray tura ediŋasıray turaeŋyou were in the middle of keeping | olasıray tura ediasıray turaedhe was in the middle of keeping | bizasıray tura edikasıray turaekwe were in the middle of keeping | sizasıray tura edigizasıray turaegizyou all were in the middle of keeping | alaasıray tura edileasıray turaellethey were in the middle of keeping |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menasıray turmay edimasıray turmayemI wasn't in the middle of keeping | senasıray turmay ediŋasıray turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of keeping | olasıray turmay ediasıray turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of keeping | bizasıray turmay edikasıray turmayekwe weren't in the middle of keeping | sizasıray turmay edigizasıray turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of keeping | alaasıray turmay edileasıray turmayellethey weren't in the middle of keeping |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menasırar edimasırar emI would keep | senasırar ediŋasırar eŋyou would keep | olasırar ediasırar edhe would keep | bizasırar edikasırar ekwe would keep | sizasırar edigizasırar egizyou all would keep | alaasırar edileasırar ellethey would keep |
| Conditional result (would) | menasıramaz edimasıramaz emI wouldn't keep | senasıramaz ediŋasıramaz eŋyou wouldn't keep | olasıramaz ediasıramaz edhe wouldn't keep | bizasıramaz edikasıramaz ekwe wouldn't keep | sizasıramaz edigizasıramaz egizyou all wouldn't keep | alaasıramaz edileasıramaz ellethey wouldn't keep |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menasırarıq edimasırarıq emI would have kept | senasırarıq ediŋasırarıq eŋyou would have kept | olasırarıq ediasırarıq edhe would have kept | bizasırarıq edikasırarıq ekwe would have kept | sizasırarıq edigizasırarıq egizyou all would have kept | alaasırarıq edileasırarıq ellethey would have kept |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menasırarıq tül edimasırarıq tül emI wouldn't have kept | senasırarıq tül ediŋasırarıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have kept | olasırarıq tül ediasırarıq tül edhe wouldn't have kept | bizasırarıq tül edikasırarıq tül ekwe wouldn't have kept | sizasırarıq tül edigizasırarıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have kept | alaasırarıq tül edileasırarıq tül ellethey wouldn't have kept |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menasırasamif I keep | senasırasaŋif you keep | olasırasaif he keeps | bizasırasaqif we keep | sizasırasağızif you all keep | alaasırasalaif they keep |
| Conditional | menasıramasamif I don't keep | senasıramasaŋif you don't keep | olasıramasaif he doesn't keep | bizasıramasaqif we don't keep | sizasıramasağızif you all don't keep | alaasıramasalaif they don't keep |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menasıray esemif I am keeping | senasıray eseŋif you are keeping | olasıray eseif he is keeping | bizasıray esekif we are keeping | sizasıray esegizif you all are keeping | alaasıray eseleif they are keeping |
| Conditional, present real | menasıramay esemif I am not keeping | senasıramay eseŋif you are not keeping | olasıramay eseif he is not keeping | bizasıramay esekif we are not keeping | sizasıramay esegizif you all are not keeping | alaasıramay eseleif they are not keeping |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menasırasam ediasırasam edif only I kept | senasırasaŋ ediasırasaŋ edif only you kept | olasırasa ediasırasaedif only he kept | bizasırasaq ediasırasaq edif only we kept | sizasırasağız ediasırasağız edif only you all kept | alaasırasala ediasırasalaedif only they kept |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menasıramasam ediasıramasam edif only I didn't keep | senasıramasaŋ ediasıramasaŋ edif only you didn't keep | olasıramasa ediasıramasaedif only he didn't keep | bizasıramasaq ediasıramasaq edif only we didn't keep | sizasıramasağız ediasıramasağız edif only you all didn't keep | alaasıramasala ediasıramasalaedif only they didn't keep |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menasıray tursamif I keep keeping | senasıray tursaŋif you keep keeping | olasıray tursaif he keeps keeping | bizasıray tursaqif we keep keeping | sizasıray tursağızif you all keep keeping | alaasıray tursalaif they keep keeping |
| Progressive conditional | menasıramay tursamif I keep on not keeping | senasıramay tursaŋif you keep on not keeping | olasıramay tursaif he keeps on not keeping | bizasıramay tursaqif we keep on not keeping | sizasıramay tursağızif you all keep on not keeping | alaasıramay tursalaif they keep on not keeping |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menasıray tura esemif I am in the middle of keeping | senasıray tura eseŋif you are in the middle of keeping | olasıray tura eseif he is in the middle of keeping | bizasıray tura esekif we are in the middle of keeping | sizasıray tura esegizif you all are in the middle of keeping | alaasıray tura eseleif they are in the middle of keeping |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menasıramay tura esemif I keep on not keeping | senasıramay tura eseŋif you keep on not keeping | olasıramay tura eseif he keeps on not keeping | bizasıramay tura esekif we keep on not keeping | sizasıramay tura esegizif you all keep on not keeping | alaasıramay tura eseleif they keep on not keeping |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menasıradım esemif I kept | senasıradıŋ eseŋif you kept | olasıradı eseif he kept | bizasıradıq esekif we kept | sizasıradığız esegizif you all kept | alaasıradıla eseleif they kept |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menasıramadım esemif I didn't keep | senasıramadıŋ eseŋif you didn't keep | olasıramadı eseif he didn't keep | bizasıramadıq esekif we didn't keep | sizasıramadığız esegizif you all didn't keep | alaasıramadıla eseleif they didn't keep |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menasırağan esemif I did keep (indeed) | senasırağan eseŋif you did keep (indeed) | olasırağan eseif he did keep (indeed) | bizasırağan esekif we did keep (indeed) | sizasırağan esegizif you all did keep (indeed) | alaasırağan eseleif they did keep (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menasıramağan esemif I didn't keep (indeed) | senasıramağan eseŋif you didn't keep (indeed) | olasıramağan eseif he didn't keep (indeed) | bizasıramağan esekif we didn't keep (indeed) | sizasıramağan esegizif you all didn't keep (indeed) | alaasıramağan eseleif they didn't keep (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menasırağan bolsamif I had kept | senasırağan bolsaŋif you had kept | olasırağan bolsaif he had kept | bizasırağan bolsaqif we had kept | sizasırağan bolsağızif you all had kept | alaasırağan bolsalaif they had kept |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menasıramağan bolsamif I hadn't kept | senasıramağan bolsaŋif you hadn't kept | olasıramağan bolsaif he hadn't kept | bizasıramağan bolsaqif we hadn't kept | sizasıramağan bolsağızif you all hadn't kept | alaasıramağan bolsalaif they hadn't kept |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menasırağan bolsam ediasırağan bolsam edif only I had kept | senasırağan bolsaŋ ediasırağan bolsaŋ edif only you had kept | olasırağan bolsa ediasırağan bolsaedif only he had kept | bizasırağan bolsaq ediasırağan bolsaq edif only we had kept | sizasırağan bolsağız ediasırağan bolsağız edif only you all had kept | alaasırağan bolsala ediasırağan bolsalaedif only they had kept |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menasıramağan bolsam ediasıramağan bolsam edif only I hadn't kept | senasıramağan bolsaŋ ediasıramağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't kept | olasıramağan bolsa ediasıramağan bolsaedif only he hadn't kept | bizasıramağan bolsaq ediasıramağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't kept | sizasıramağan bolsağız ediasıramağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't kept | alaasıramağan bolsala ediasıramağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't kept |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menasırar esemif I will keep | senasırar eseŋif you will keep | olasırar eseif he will keep | bizasırar esekif we will keep | sizasırar esegizif you all will keep | alaasırar eseleif they will keep |
| Conditional, aorist | menasıramaz esemif I won't keep | senasıramaz eseŋif you won't keep | olasıramaz eseif he won't keep | bizasıramaz esekif we won't keep | sizasıramaz esegizif you all won't keep | alaasıramaz eseleif they won't keep |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menasırarıq esemif I am going to keep | senasırarıq eseŋif you are going to keep | olasırarıq eseif he is going to keep | bizasırarıq esekif we are going to keep | sizasırarıq esegizif you all are going to keep | alaasırarıq eseleif they are going to keep |
| Conditional, future | menasırarıq tül esemif I am not going to keep | senasırarıq tül eseŋif you are not going to keep | olasırarıq tül eseif he is not going to keep | bizasırarıq tül esekif we are not going to keep | sizasırarıq tül esegizif you all are not going to keep | alaasırarıq tül eseleif they are not going to keep |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menasırarıq bolsamif I were going to keep | senasırarıq bolsaŋif you were going to keep | olasırarıq bolsaif he were going to keep | bizasırarıq bolsaqif we were going to keep | sizasırarıq bolsağızif you all were going to keep | alaasırarıq bolsalaif they were going to keep |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menasıramazlıq bolsamif I were not going to keep | senasıramazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to keep | olasıramazlıq bolsaif he were not going to keep | bizasıramazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to keep | sizasıramazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to keep | alaasıramazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to keep |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso asıradıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menasıray bolurmaI must be keeping | senasıray bolursayou must be keeping | olasıray bolurhe must be keeping | bizasıray bolurbuzwe must be keeping | sizasıray bolursuzyou all must be keeping | alaasıray bolurlathey must be keeping |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menasıramay bolurmaI must not be keeping | senasıramay bolursayou must not be keeping | olasıramay bolurhe must not be keeping | bizasıramay bolurbuzwe must not be keeping | sizasıramay bolursuzyou all must not be keeping | alaasıramay bolurlathey must not be keeping |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menasıray tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of keeping | senasıray tura bolursayou must be in the middle of keeping | olasıray tura bolurhe must be in the middle of keeping | bizasıray tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of keeping | sizasıray tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of keeping | alaasıray tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of keeping |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menasıramay tura bolurmaI must keep on not keeping | senasıramay tura bolursayou must keep on not keeping | olasıramay tura bolurhe must keep on not keeping | bizasıramay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not keeping | sizasıramay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not keeping | alaasıramay tura bolurlathey must keep on not keeping |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menasırağan bolurmaI must have kept | senasırağan bolursayou must have kept | olasırağan bolurhe must have kept | bizasırağan bolurbuzwe must have kept | sizasırağan bolursuzyou all must have kept | alaasırağan bolurlathey must have kept |
| Inference (must have) | menasıramağan bolurmaI must not have kept | senasıramağan bolursayou must not have kept | olasıramağan bolurhe must not have kept | bizasıramağan bolurbuzwe must not have kept | sizasıramağan bolursuzyou all must not have kept | alaasıramağan bolurlathey must not have kept |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menasırarıq bolurmaI must be going to keep | senasırarıq bolursayou must be going to keep | olasırarıq bolurhe must be going to keep | bizasırarıq bolurbuzwe must be going to keep | sizasırarıq bolursuzyou all must be going to keep | alaasırarıq bolurlathey must be going to keep |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menasıramazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to keep | senasıramazlıq bolursayou must not be going to keep | olasıramazlıq bolurhe must not be going to keep | bizasıramazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to keep | sizasıramazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to keep | alaasıramazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to keep |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menasırayımlet me keep | senasıra!keep! | olasırasınlet him keep | bizasırayıqlet's keep | sizasırağız!keep, you all! | alaasırasınlalet them keep |
| Commands & suggestions | menasıramayımlet me not keep | senasırama!don't keep! | olasıramasınlet him not keep | bizasıramayıqlet's not keep | sizasıramağız!don't keep, you all! | alaasıramasınlalet them not keep |
| Commands & suggestions | menasırayımmı?shall I keep? | olasırasınmı?should he keep? | bizasırayıqmı?shall we keep? | alaasırasınlamı?should they keep? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menasıramayımmı?shall I not keep? | olasıramasınmı?should he not keep? | bizasıramayıqmı?shall we not keep? | alaasıramasınlamı?should they not keep? | ||
| Requests | senasıraçı2asıraçınplease keep | olasırasınçıdo let him keep | sizasıraçığızplease keep (plural/polite) | alaasırasınlaçıdo let them keep | ||
| Requests | senasıramaçı2asıramaçınplease don't keep | olasıramasınçıdo let him not keep | sizasıramaçığızplease don't keep (plural/polite) | alaasıramasınlaçıdo let them not keep | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senasırağınasırağımay you keep | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senasıramağınasıramağımay you not keep | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menasırağay edim asırağa edimwould that I kept | senasırağay ediŋ asırağa ediŋwould that you kept | olasırağay edi asırağa ediwould that he kept | bizasırağay edik asırağa edikwould that we kept | sizasırağay edigiz asırağa edigizwould that you all kept | alaasırağay edile asırağa edilewould that they kept |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menasıramağay edim asıramağa edimwould that I did not keep | senasıramağay ediŋ asıramağa ediŋwould that you did not keep | olasıramağay edi asıramağa ediwould that he did not keep | bizasıramağay edik asıramağa edikwould that we did not keep | sizasıramağay edigiz asıramağa edigizwould that you all did not keep | alaasıramağay edile asıramağa edilewould that they did not keep |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menasıramağa qoyayımasırama qoyayımlet me allow someone to keep | senasıramağa qoy!asırama qoy!let someone keep! | olasıramağa qoysunasırama qoysunlet him allow someone to keep | bizasıramağa qoyayıqasırama qoyayıqlet's allow someone to keep | sizasıramağa qoyuğuz!asırama qoyuğuz!let someone keep, you all! | alaasıramağa qoysunlaasırama qoysunlalet them allow someone to keep |
| Let someone… (commands) | menasıramağa qoymayımasırama qoymayımlet me not allow someone to keep | senasıramağa qoyma!asırama qoyma!don't let someone keep! | olasıramağa qoymasınasırama qoymasınlet him not allow someone to keep | bizasıramağa qoymayıqasırama qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to keep | sizasıramağa qoymağız!asırama qoymağız!don't let someone keep, you all! | alaasıramağa qoymasınlaasırama qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to keep |
| Let someone… (commands) | menasıramağa qoyayımmı?asırama qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to keep? | olasıramağa qoysunmu?asırama qoysunmu?should he allow someone to keep? | bizasıramağa qoyayıqmı?asırama qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to keep? | alaasıramağa qoysunlamı?asırama qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to keep? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menasıramağa qoymayımmı?asırama qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to keep? | olasıramağa qoymasınmı?asırama qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to keep? | bizasıramağa qoymayıqmı?asırama qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to keep? | alaasıramağa qoymasınlamı?asırama qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to keep? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menasıramağa qoyamaasırama qoyamaI allow someone to keep | senasıramağa qoyasaasırama qoyasayou allow someone to keep | olasıramağa qoyadıasırama qoyadıhe allows someone to keep | bizasıramağa qoyabızasırama qoyabızwe allow someone to keep | sizasıramağa qoyasızasırama qoyasızyou all allow someone to keep | alaasıramağa qoyadılaasırama qoyadılathey allow someone to keep |
| Let someone… (present) | menasıramağa qoymaymaasırama qoymaymaI don't allow someone to keep | senasıramağa qoymaysaasırama qoymaysayou don't allow someone to keep | olasıramağa qoymaydıasırama qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to keep | bizasıramağa qoymaybızasırama qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to keep | sizasıramağa qoymaysızasırama qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to keep | alaasıramağa qoymaydılaasırama qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to keep |
| Let someone… (present) | menasıramağa qoyamamı?asırama qoyamamı?do I allow someone to keep? | senasıramağa qoyamısa?asırama qoyamısa?do you allow someone to keep? | olasıramağa qoyamıdı?asırama qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to keep? | bizasıramağa qoyabızmı?asırama qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to keep? | sizasıramağa qoyamısız?asırama qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to keep? | alaasıramağa qoyamıdıla?asırama qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to keep? |
| Let someone… (present) | menasıramağa qoymaymamı?asırama qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to keep? | senasıramağa qoymaymısa?asırama qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to keep? | olasıramağa qoymaymıdı?asırama qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to keep? | bizasıramağa qoymaybızmı?asırama qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to keep? | sizasıramağa qoymaymısız?asırama qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to keep? | alaasıramağa qoymaymıdıla?asırama qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to keep? |
| Let someone… (past) | menasıramağa qoydumasırama qoydumI allowed someone to keep | senasıramağa qoyduŋasırama qoyduŋyou allowed someone to keep | olasıramağa qoyduasırama qoyduhe allowed someone to keep | bizasıramağa qoyduqasırama qoyduqwe allowed someone to keep | sizasıramağa qoyduğuzasırama qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to keep | alaasıramağa qoydulaasırama qoydulathey allowed someone to keep |
| Let someone… (past) | menasıramağa qoymadımasırama qoymadımI didn't allow someone to keep | senasıramağa qoymadıŋasırama qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to keep | olasıramağa qoymadıasırama qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to keep | bizasıramağa qoymadıqasırama qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to keep | sizasıramağa qoymadığızasırama qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to keep | alaasıramağa qoymadılaasırama qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to keep |
| Let someone… (past) | menasıramağa qoydummu?asırama qoydummu?did I allow someone to keep? | senasıramağa qoyduŋmu?asırama qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to keep? | olasıramağa qoydumu?asırama qoydumu?did he allow someone to keep? | bizasıramağa qoyduqmu?asırama qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to keep? | sizasıramağa qoyduğuzmu?asırama qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to keep? | alaasıramağa qoydulamı?asırama qoydulamı?did they allow someone to keep? |
| Let someone… (past) | menasıramağa qoymadımmı?asırama qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to keep? | senasıramağa qoymadıŋmı?asırama qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to keep? | olasıramağa qoymadımı?asırama qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to keep? | bizasıramağa qoymadıqmı?asırama qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to keep? | sizasıramağa qoymadığızmı?asırama qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to keep? | alaasıramağa qoymadılamı?asırama qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to keep? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menasırayalamaI can keep | senasırayalasayou can keep | olasırayaladıhe can keep | bizasırayalabızwe can keep | sizasırayalasızyou all can keep | alaasırayaladılathey can keep |
| Ability — present | menasırayalmaymaI can't keep | senasırayalmaysayou can't keep | olasırayalmaydıhe can't keep | bizasırayalmaybızwe can't keep | sizasırayalmaysızyou all can't keep | alaasırayalmaydılathey can't keep |
| Ability — present | menasırayalamamı? asırayalamıma?can I keep? | senasırayalamısa?can you keep? | olasırayalamıdı?can he keep? | bizasırayalabızmı? asırayalamıbız?can we keep? | sizasırayalamısız?can you all keep? | alaasırayalamıdıla?can they keep? |
| Ability — present | menasırayalmaymamı? asırayalmaymıma?can't I keep? | senasırayalmaymısa?can't you keep? | olasırayalmaymıdı?can't he keep? | bizasırayalmaybızmı? asırayalmaymıbız?can't we keep? | sizasırayalmaymısız?can't you all keep? | alaasırayalmaymıdıla?can't they keep? |
| Ability — if I can… | menasırayalsamif I can keep | senasırayalsaŋif you can keep | olasırayalsaif he can keep | bizasırayalsaqif we can keep | sizasırayalsağızif you all can keep | alaasırayalsalaif they can keep |
| Ability — if I can… | menasırayalmasamif I can't keep | senasırayalmasaŋif you can't keep | olasırayalmasaif he can't keep | bizasırayalmasaqif we can't keep | sizasırayalmasağızif you all can't keep | alaasırayalmasalaif they can't keep |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menasırayaldımI was able to keep | senasırayaldıŋyou were able to keep | olasırayaldıhe was able to keep | bizasırayaldıqwe were able to keep | sizasırayaldığızyou all were able to keep | alaasırayaldılathey were able to keep |
| Ability — simple past | menasırayalmadımI could not keep | senasırayalmadıŋyou could not keep | olasırayalmadıhe could not keep | bizasırayalmadıqwe could not keep | sizasırayalmadığızyou all could not keep | alaasırayalmadılathey could not keep |
| Ability — simple past | menasırayaldımmı?was I able to keep? | senasırayaldıŋmı?were you able to keep? | olasırayaldımı?was he able to keep? | bizasırayaldıqmı?were we able to keep? | sizasırayaldığızmı?were you all able to keep? | alaasırayaldılamı?were they able to keep? |
| Ability — simple past | menasırayalmadımmı?couldn't I keep? | senasırayalmadıŋmı?couldn't you keep? | olasırayalmadımı?couldn't he keep? | bizasırayalmadıqmı?couldn't we keep? | sizasırayalmadığızmı?couldn't you all keep? | alaasırayalmadılamı?couldn't they keep? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menasırayalğanmaI have been able to keep | senasırayalğansayou have been able to keep | olasırayalğandıhe has been able to keep | bizasırayalğanbızwe have been able to keep | sizasırayalğansızyou all have been able to keep | alaasırayalğandılathey have been able to keep |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menasırayalmağanmaI haven't been able to keep | senasırayalmağansayou haven't been able to keep | olasırayalmağandıhe hasn't been able to keep | bizasırayalmağanbızwe haven't been able to keep | sizasırayalmağansızyou all haven't been able to keep | alaasırayalmağandılathey haven't been able to keep |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menasırayalğanmamı? asırayalğanmıma?have I been able to keep? | senasırayalğanmısa?have you been able to keep? | olasırayalğanmıdı?has he been able to keep? | bizasırayalğanbızmı? asırayalğanmıbız?have we been able to keep? | sizasırayalğanmısız?have you all been able to keep? | alaasırayalğanmıdıla?have they been able to keep? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menasırayalmağanmamı? asırayalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to keep? | senasırayalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to keep? | olasırayalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to keep? | bizasırayalmağanbızmı? asırayalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to keep? | sizasırayalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to keep? | alaasırayalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to keep? |
| Ability — past perfect | menasırayalğan edimasırayalğanemI had been able to keep | senasırayalğan ediŋasırayalğaneŋyou had been able to keep | olasırayalğan ediasırayalğanedhe had been able to keep | bizasırayalğan edikasırayalğanekwe had been able to keep | sizasırayalğan edigizasırayalğanegizyou all had been able to keep | alaasırayalğan edileasırayalğanellethey had been able to keep |
| Ability — past perfect | menasırayalmağan edimasırayalmağanemI hadn't been able to keep | senasırayalmağan ediŋasırayalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to keep | olasırayalmağan ediasırayalmağanedhe hadn't been able to keep | bizasırayalmağan edikasırayalmağanekwe hadn't been able to keep | sizasırayalmağan edigizasırayalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to keep | alaasırayalmağan edileasırayalmağanellethey hadn't been able to keep |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menasırayala edimasırayalaemI could keep | senasırayala ediŋasırayalaeŋyou could keep | olasırayala ediasırayalaedhe could keep | bizasırayala edikasırayalaekwe could keep | sizasırayala edigizasırayalaegizyou all could keep | alaasırayala edileasırayalaellethey could keep |
| Ability — past background | menasırayalmay edimasırayalmayemI could not keep | senasırayalmay ediŋasırayalmayeŋyou could not keep | olasırayalmay ediasırayalmayedhe could not keep | bizasırayalmay edikasırayalmayekwe could not keep | sizasırayalmay edigizasırayalmayegizyou all could not keep | alaasırayalmay edileasırayalmayellethey could not keep |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menasırayalırmaI will be able to keep | senasırayalırsayou will be able to keep | olasırayalırhe will be able to keep | bizasırayalırbızwe will be able to keep | sizasırayalırsızyou all will be able to keep | alaasırayalırlathey will be able to keep |
| Ability — future I | menasırayalmazmaI won't be able to keep | senasırayalmazsayou won't be able to keep | olasırayalmazhe won't be able to keep | bizasırayalmazbızwe won't be able to keep | sizasırayalmazsızyou all won't be able to keep | alaasırayalmazlathey won't be able to keep |
| Ability — future I | menasırayalırmamı? asırayalırmıma?will I be able to keep? | senasırayalırmısa?will you be able to keep? | olasırayalırmı?will he be able to keep? | bizasırayalırbızmı? asırayalırmıbız?will we be able to keep? | sizasırayalırmısız?will you all be able to keep? | alaasırayalırlamı? asırayalırmıla?will they be able to keep? |
| Ability — future I | menasırayalmazmamı? asırayalmazmıma?won't I be able to keep? | senasırayalmazmısa?won't you be able to keep? | olasırayalmazmı?won't he be able to keep? | bizasırayalmazbızmı? asırayalmazmıbız?won't we be able to keep? | sizasırayalmazmısız?won't you all be able to keep? | alaasırayalmazlamı? asırayalmazmıla?won't they be able to keep? |
| Ability — future II | menasırayallıqmaI am going to be able to keep | senasırayallıqsayou are going to be able to keep | olasırayallıqdıhe is going to be able to keep | bizasırayallıqbızwe are going to be able to keep | sizasırayallıqsızyou all are going to be able to keep | alaasırayallıqdılathey are going to be able to keep |
| Ability — future II | menasırayallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to keep | senasırayallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to keep | olasırayallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to keep | bizasırayallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to keep | sizasırayallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to keep | alaasırayallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to keep |
| Ability — future II | menasırayallıqmamı? asırayallıqmıma?am I going to be able to keep? | senasırayallıqmısa?are you going to be able to keep? | olasırayallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to keep? | bizasırayallıqbızmı? asırayallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to keep? | sizasırayallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to keep? | alaasırayallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to keep? |
| Ability — future II | menasırayallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to keep? | senasırayallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to keep? | olasırayallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to keep? | bizasırayallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to keep? | sizasırayallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to keep? | alaasırayallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to keep? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menasırayalır edimasırayalır emI would be able to keep | senasırayalır ediŋasırayalır eŋyou would be able to keep | olasırayalır ediasırayalır edhe would be able to keep | bizasırayalır edikasırayalır ekwe would be able to keep | sizasırayalır edigizasırayalır egizyou all would be able to keep | alaasırayalır edileasırayalır ellethey would be able to keep |
| Ability — would be able to… | menasırayalmaz edimasırayalmaz emI wouldn't be able to keep | senasırayalmaz ediŋasırayalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to keep | olasırayalmaz ediasırayalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to keep | bizasırayalmaz edikasırayalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to keep | sizasırayalmaz edigizasırayalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to keep | alaasırayalmaz edileasırayalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to keep |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senasırayalğınasırayalğımay you be able to keep | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senasırayalmağınasırayalmağımay you not be able to keep | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menasırarğa izleymeI want to keep | senasırarğa izleyseyou want to keep | olasırarğa izleydihe wants to keep | bizasırarğa izleybizwe want to keep | sizasırarğa izleysizyou all want to keep | alaasırarğa izleydilethey want to keep |
| want to | menasırarğa izlemeymeI do not want to keep | senasırarğa izlemeyseyou do not want to keep | olasırarğa izlemeydihe does not want to keep | bizasırarğa izlemeybizwe do not want to keep | sizasırarğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to keep | alaasırarğa izlemeydilethey do not want to keep |
| would like to | menasırarğa süemeI would like to keep | senasırarğa süeseyou would like to keep | olasırarğa süedihe would like to keep | bizasırarğa süebizwe would like to keep | sizasırarğa süesizyou all would like to keep | alaasırarğa süedilethey would like to keep |
| would like to | menasırarğa süymeymeI would not like to keep | senasırarğa süymeyseyou would not like to keep | olasırarğa süymeydihe would not like to keep | bizasırarğa süymeybizwe would not like to keep | sizasırarğa süymeysizyou all would not like to keep | alaasırarğa süymeydilethey would not like to keep |
| hope to | menasırarğa umutlanamaI hope to keep | senasırarğa umutlanasayou hope to keep | olasırarğa umutlanadıhe hopes to keep | bizasırarğa umutlanabızwe hope to keep | sizasırarğa umutlanasızyou all hope to keep | alaasırarğa umutlanadılathey hope to keep |
| hope to | menasırarğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to keep | senasırarğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to keep | olasırarğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to keep | bizasırarğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to keep | sizasırarğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to keep | alaasırarğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to keep |
| be about to | menasırarğa deb turamaI am about to keep | senasırarğa deb turasayou are about to keep | olasırarğa deb turadıhe is about to keep | bizasırarğa deb turabızwe are about to keep | sizasırarğa deb turasızyou all are about to keep | alaasırarğa deb turadılathey are about to keep |
| be about to | menasırarğa deb turmaymaI am not about to keep | senasırarğa deb turmaysayou are not about to keep | olasırarğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to keep | bizasırarğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to keep | sizasırarğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to keep | alaasırarğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to keep |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menasırarğa kerekmeI need to keep | senasırarğa kerekseyou need to keep | olasırarğa kerekdihe needs to keep | bizasırarğa kerekbizwe need to keep | sizasırarğa kereksizyou all need to keep | alaasırarğa kerekdilethey need to keep |
| need to | menasırarğa kerek tülmeI do not need to keep | senasırarğa kerek tülseyou do not need to keep | olasırarğa kerek tüldühe does not need to keep | bizasırarğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to keep | sizasırarğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to keep | alaasırarğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to keep |
| have to | menmenŋe asırarğa tüşediI have to keep | sensenŋe asırarğa tüşediyou have to keep | olaŋa asırarğa tüşedihe has to keep | bizbizge asırarğa tüşediwe have to keep | sizsizge asırarğa tüşediyou all have to keep | alaalağa asırarğa tüşedithey have to keep |
| have to | menmenŋe asırarğa tüşmeydiI do not have to keep | sensenŋe asırarğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to keep | olaŋa asırarğa tüşmeydihe does not have to keep | bizbizge asırarğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to keep | sizsizge asırarğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to keep | alaalağa asırarğa tüşmeydithey do not have to keep |
| be obliged to | menasırarğa borçlumaI am obliged to keep | senasırarğa borçlusayou are obliged to keep | olasırarğa borçluduhe is obliged to keep | bizasırarğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to keep | sizasırarğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to keep | alaasırarğa borçludulathey are obliged to keep |
| be obliged to | menasırarğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to keep | senasırarğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to keep | olasırarğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to keep | bizasırarğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to keep | sizasırarğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to keep | alaasırarğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to keep |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menasırarğa madarım bardıI have a way to keep | senasırarğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to keep | olasırarğa madarı bardıhe has a way to keep | bizasırarğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to keep | sizasırarğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to keep | alaasırarğa madarları bardıthey have a way to keep |
| have a way to | menasırarğa madarım joqduI have no way to keep | senasırarğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to keep | olasırarğa madarı joqduhe has no way to keep | bizasırarğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to keep | sizasırarğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to keep | alaasırarğa madarları joqduthey have no way to keep |
| be free to | menasırarğa erkinligim bardıI am free to keep | senasırarğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to keep | olasırarğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to keep | bizasırarğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to keep | sizasırarğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to keep | alaasırarğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to keep |
| be free to | menasırarğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to keep | senasırarğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to keep | olasırarğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to keep | bizasırarğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to keep | sizasırarğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to keep | alaasırarğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to keep |
| be possible to | menmenŋe asırarğa bolluqduit is possible for me to keep | sensenŋe asırarğa bolluqduit is possible for you to keep | olaŋa asırarğa bolluqduit is possible for him to keep | bizbizge asırarğa bolluqduit is possible for us to keep | sizsizge asırarğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to keep | alaalağa asırarğa bolluqduit is possible for them to keep |
| be possible to | menmenŋe asırarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to keep | sensenŋe asırarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to keep | olaŋa asırarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to keep | bizbizge asırarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to keep | sizsizge asırarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to keep | alaalağa asırarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to keep |
| be ready to | menasırarğa hazırmaI am ready to keep | senasırarğa hazırsayou are ready to keep | olasırarğa hazırdıhe is ready to keep | bizasırarğa hazırbızwe are ready to keep | sizasırarğa hazırsızyou all are ready to keep | alaasırarğa hazırdılathey are ready to keep |
| be ready to | menasırarğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to keep | senasırarğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to keep | olasırarğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to keep | bizasırarğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to keep | sizasırarğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to keep | alaasırarğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to keep |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menasırarğa küreşemeI am trying to keep | senasırarğa küreşeseyou are trying to keep | olasırarğa küreşedihe is trying to keep | bizasırarğa küreşebizwe are trying to keep | sizasırarğa küreşesizyou all are trying to keep | alaasırarğa küreşedilethey are trying to keep |
| try to | menasırarğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to keep | senasırarğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to keep | olasırarğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to keep | bizasırarğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to keep | sizasırarğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to keep | alaasırarğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to keep |
| agree to | menasırarğa unaymaI agree to keep | senasırarğa unaysayou agree to keep | olasırarğa unaydıhe agrees to keep | bizasırarğa unaybızwe agree to keep | sizasırarğa unaysızyou all agree to keep | alaasırarğa unaydılathey agree to keep |
| agree to | menasırarğa unamaymaI refuse to keep | senasırarğa unamaysayou refuse to keep | olasırarğa unamaydıhe refuses to keep | bizasırarğa unamaybızwe refuse to keep | sizasırarğa unamaysızyou all refuse to keep | alaasırarğa unamaydılathey refuse to keep |
| hurry to | menasırarğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to keep | senasırarğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to keep | olasırarğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to keep | bizasırarğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to keep | sizasırarğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to keep | alaasırarğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to keep |
| hurry to | menasırarğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to keep | senasırarğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to keep | olasırarğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to keep | bizasırarğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to keep | sizasırarğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to keep | alaasırarğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to keep |
| be afraid to | menasırarğa qorqamaI am afraid to keep | senasırarğa qorqasayou are afraid to keep | olasırarğa qorqadıhe is afraid to keep | bizasırarğa qorqabızwe are afraid to keep | sizasırarğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to keep | alaasırarğa qorqadılathey are afraid to keep |
| be afraid to | menasırarğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to keep | senasırarğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to keep | olasırarğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to keep | bizasırarğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to keep | sizasırarğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to keep | alaasırarğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to keep |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menasıray bolmazmaI can't be keeping | senasıray bolmazsayou can't be keeping | olasıray bolmazhe can't be keeping | bizasıray bolmazbızwe can't be keeping | sizasıray bolmazsızyou all can't be keeping | alaasıray bolmazlathey can't be keeping |
| Inference, present — double negation | menasıramay bolmazmaI must be keeping (emphatic) | senasıramay bolmazsayou must be keeping (emphatic) | olasıramay bolmazhe must be keeping (emphatic) | bizasıramay bolmazbızwe must be keeping (emphatic) | sizasıramay bolmazsızyou all must be keeping (emphatic) | alaasıramay bolmazlathey must be keeping (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menasıray turmasamif I don't keep keeping | senasıray turmasaŋif you don't keep keeping | olasıray turmasaif he doesn't keep keeping | bizasıray turmasaqif we don't keep keeping | sizasıray turmasağızif you all don't keep keeping | alaasıray turmasalaif they don't keep keeping |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menasıray tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of keeping | senasıray tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of keeping | olasıray tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of keeping | bizasıray tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of keeping | sizasıray tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of keeping | alaasıray tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of keeping |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menasıramay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not keeping (emphatic) | senasıramay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not keeping (emphatic) | olasıramay tura bolmazhe must keep on not keeping (emphatic) | bizasıramay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not keeping (emphatic) | sizasıramay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not keeping (emphatic) | alaasıramay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not keeping (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menasıramay turamaI keep on not keeping | senasıramay turasayou keep on not keeping | olasıramay turadıhe keeps on not keeping | bizasıramay turabızwe keep on not keeping | sizasıramay turasızyou all keep on not keeping | alaasıramay turadılathey keep on not keeping |
| Progressive — double negation | menasıramay turmaymaI am not keeping on not keeping | senasıramay turmaysayou are not keeping on not keeping | olasıramay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not keeping | bizasıramay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not keeping | sizasıramay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not keeping | alaasıramay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not keeping |
| Progressive — double negation | menasıramay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not keeping? | senasıramay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not keeping? | olasıramay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not keeping? | bizasıramay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not keeping? | sizasıramay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not keeping? | alaasıramay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not keeping? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menasırağan bolmazmaI can't have kept | senasırağan bolmazsayou can't have kept | olasırağan bolmazhe can't have kept | bizasırağan bolmazbızwe can't have kept | sizasırağan bolmazsızyou all can't have kept | alaasırağan bolmazlathey can't have kept |
| Inference — double negation | menasıramağan bolmazmaI must have kept (emphatic) | senasıramağan bolmazsayou must have kept (emphatic) | olasıramağan bolmazhe must have kept (emphatic) | bizasıramağan bolmazbızwe must have kept (emphatic) | sizasıramağan bolmazsızyou all must have kept (emphatic) | alaasıramağan bolmazlathey must have kept (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menasırağan bolmasamif it weren't that I had kept | senasırağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had kept | olasırağan bolmasaif it weren't that he had kept | bizasırağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had kept | sizasırağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had kept | alaasırağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had kept |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menasıramağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't kept | senasıramağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't kept | olasıramağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't kept | bizasıramağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't kept | sizasıramağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't kept | alaasıramağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't kept |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menasırarıq bolmazmaI can't be going to keep | senasırarıq bolmazsayou can't be going to keep | olasırarıq bolmazhe can't be going to keep | bizasırarıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to keep | sizasırarıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to keep | alaasırarıq bolmazlathey can't be going to keep |
| Inference, future — double negation | menasıramazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to keep (emphatic) | senasıramazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to keep (emphatic) | olasıramazlıq bolmazhe must be going to keep (emphatic) | bizasıramazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to keep (emphatic) | sizasıramazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to keep (emphatic) | alaasıramazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to keep (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menasırarıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to keep | senasırarıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to keep | olasırarıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to keep | bizasırarıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to keep | sizasırarıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to keep | alaasırarıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to keep |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menasıramazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to keep | senasıramazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to keep | olasıramazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to keep | bizasıramazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to keep | sizasıramazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to keep | alaasıramazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to keep |