uwatırğa
/uwatɯrʁa/
1. break, smash, split
- terezeni uwatırğa — to break a window
- jel terezeni miyalasın uwatdı — the wind broke the window's glass
- sawutlanı uwatırğa — to smash the dishes
- terekni butaqların uwatırğa — to break the branches of the tree
- şekerni uwatırğa — to break up the sugar
- miyalanı uwatıb qoyarğa — to smash the glass to pieces
2. break someone, sap someone's strength
- awruw anı uwathandı — the illness has broken him
- jaşaw anı uwathandı — life has broken him
- bu iş anı uwatdı — this work sapped his strength
- meni bükmegendi, uwatıb atmağandı — it has not bent me, has not broken me
3. injure, hurt (a part of the body) — Said of a part of the body hurt in a fall or a fight. one source
- ayağın uwathandı — he has injured his leg
- qolun uwathandı — he has hurt his hand
- urub süekleriŋi uwatırma — I will strike you and break your bones
4. defeat, rout — Said of defeating an enemy or an army.
- askerni uwatırğa — to defeat an army
- jawnu uwatdıla — they defeated the enemy
- jawnu uwatırbız — we will defeat the enemy
- duşmannı uwat — defeat the enemy
5. crumble, crush fine, grind down
- taşnı uwatırğa — to crush the stone fine
- ol taşlanı uwatadı — he grinds the stones down
- taş uwathan maşina — a stone-crushing machine
- buznu uwatırğa — to break up the ice
6. destroy, overthrow — Said especially of an old order, customs or a regime.
- jawnu uwatırğa — to destroy the enemy
- eski adetleni uwatırğa — to destroy the old customs
- uwata eski çirigen duniyanı — destroying the old rotten world
- anı küçün uwatdıla — they destroyed his power
7. beat, flog, thrash
- igi aşhı uwatırğa — to beat someone soundly
- uruçunu uwatdıla — they beat the thief
- anı igi uwathandı — he thrashed him soundly
- anı igi aşhı uwat — beat him soundly
8. denounce, castigate one source
- anı jıyılıwda uwatdıla — they castigated him at the meeting
Expressions
- duniyanı uwatırğa — live it up
Conjugation
Common forms
- uwatadıhe is breaking
- uwatdıhe broke
- uwathandıhe has broken
- uwatırhe will break
- uwatırıqdıhe is going to break
- uwata edihe was breaking
- uwatsaif he breaks
- uwat!break!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menuwatamaI am breaking | senuwatasayou are breaking | oluwatadıhe is breaking | bizuwatabızwe are breaking | sizuwatasızyou all are breaking | alauwatadılathey are breaking |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menuwatmaymaI am not breaking | senuwatmaysayou are not breaking | oluwatmaydıhe is not breaking | bizuwatmaybızwe are not breaking | sizuwatmaysızyou all are not breaking | alauwatmaydılathey are not breaking |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menuwatamamı? uwatamıma?am I breaking? | senuwatamısa?are you breaking? | oluwatamıdı?is he breaking? | bizuwatabızmı? uwatamıbız?are we breaking? | sizuwatamısız?are you all breaking? | alauwatamıdıla?are they breaking? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menuwatmaymamı? uwatmaymıma?aren't I breaking? | senuwatmaymısa?aren't you breaking? | oluwatmaymıdı?isn't he breaking? | bizuwatmaybızmı? uwatmaymıbız?aren't we breaking? | sizuwatmaymısız?aren't you all breaking? | alauwatmaymıdıla?aren't they breaking? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menuwatıwçanmaI usually break | senuwatıwçansayou usually break | oluwatıwçandıhe usually breaks | bizuwatıwçanbızwe usually break | sizuwatıwçansızyou all usually break | alauwatıwçandılathey usually break |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menuwatmawçanmaI usually don't break | senuwatmawçansayou usually don't break | oluwatmawçandıhe usually doesn't break | bizuwatmawçanbızwe usually don't break | sizuwatmawçansızyou all usually don't break | alauwatmawçandılathey usually don't break |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menuwatıwçanmamı? uwatıwçanmıma?do I usually break? | senuwatıwçanmısa?do you usually break? | oluwatıwçanmıdı?does he usually break? | bizuwatıwçanbızmı? uwatıwçanmıbız?do we usually break? | sizuwatıwçanmısız?do you all usually break? | alauwatıwçanmıdıla?do they usually break? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menuwatmawçanmamı? uwatmawçanmıma?do I usually not break? | senuwatmawçanmısa?do you usually not break? | oluwatmawçanmıdı?does he usually not break? | bizuwatmawçanbızmı? uwatmawçanmıbız?do we usually not break? | sizuwatmawçanmısız?do you all usually not break? | alauwatmawçanmıdıla?do they usually not break? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oluwatıbdıhe has broken and remains so | alauwatıbdılathey have broken and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oluwatıbmıdı?has he broken? | alauwatıbmıdıla?have they broken? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menuwatıb turamaI keep breaking | senuwatıb turasayou keep breaking | oluwatıb turadıhe keeps breaking | bizuwatıb turabızwe keep breaking | sizuwatıb turasızyou all keep breaking | alauwatıb turadılathey keep breaking |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menuwatıb turmaymaI don't keep breaking | senuwatıb turmaysayou don't keep breaking | oluwatıb turmaydıhe doesn't keep breaking | bizuwatıb turmaybızwe don't keep breaking | sizuwatıb turmaysızyou all don't keep breaking | alauwatıb turmaydılathey don't keep breaking |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menuwatıb turamamı? uwatıb turamıma?do I keep breaking? | senuwatıb turamısa?do you keep breaking? | oluwatıb turamıdı?does he keep breaking? | bizuwatıb turabızmı? uwatıb turamıbız?do we keep breaking? | sizuwatıb turamısız?do you all keep breaking? | alauwatıb turamıdıla?do they keep breaking? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menuwatıb turmaymamı? uwatıb turmaymıma?don't I keep breaking? | senuwatıb turmaymısa?don't you keep breaking? | oluwatıb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep breaking? | bizuwatıb turmaybızmı? uwatıb turmaymıbız?don't we keep breaking? | sizuwatıb turmaymısız?don't you all keep breaking? | alauwatıb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep breaking? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menuwata turamaI am in the middle of breaking | senuwata turasayou are in the middle of breaking | oluwata turadıhe is in the middle of breaking | bizuwata turabızwe are in the middle of breaking | sizuwata turasızyou all are in the middle of breaking | alauwata turadılathey are in the middle of breaking |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menuwata turmaymaI am not in the middle of breaking | senuwata turmaysayou are not in the middle of breaking | oluwata turmaydıhe is not in the middle of breaking | bizuwata turmaybızwe are not in the middle of breaking | sizuwata turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of breaking | alauwata turmaydılathey are not in the middle of breaking |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menuwata turamamı? uwata turamıma?am I in the middle of breaking? | senuwata turamısa?are you in the middle of breaking? | oluwata turamıdı?is he in the middle of breaking? | bizuwata turabızmı? uwata turamıbız?are we in the middle of breaking? | sizuwata turamısız?are you all in the middle of breaking? | alauwata turamıdıla?are they in the middle of breaking? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menuwata turmaymamı? uwata turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of breaking? | senuwata turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of breaking? | oluwata turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of breaking? | bizuwata turmaybızmı? uwata turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of breaking? | sizuwata turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of breaking? | alauwata turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of breaking? |
| Simple past (definite) | menuwatdımI broke | senuwatdıŋyou broke | oluwatdıhe broke | bizuwatdıqwe broke | sizuwatdığızyou all broke | alauwatdılathey broke |
| Simple past (definite) | menuwatmadımI didn't break | senuwatmadıŋyou didn't break | oluwatmadıhe didn't break | bizuwatmadıqwe didn't break | sizuwatmadığızyou all didn't break | alauwatmadılathey didn't break |
| Simple past (definite) | menuwatdımmı?did I break? | senuwatdıŋmı?did you break? | oluwatdımı?did he break? | bizuwatdıqmı?did we break? | sizuwatdığızmı?did you all break? | alauwatdılamı?did they break? |
| Simple past (definite) | menuwatmadımmı?didn't I break? | senuwatmadıŋmı?didn't you break? | oluwatmadımı?didn't he break? | bizuwatmadıqmı?didn't we break? | sizuwatmadığızmı?didn't you all break? | alauwatmadılamı?didn't they break? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menuwathanmaI have broken | senuwathansayou have broken | oluwathandıhe has broken | bizuwathanbızwe have broken | sizuwathansızyou all have broken | alauwathandılathey have broken |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menuwatmağanmaI haven't broken | senuwatmağansayou haven't broken | oluwatmağandıhe hasn't broken | bizuwatmağanbızwe haven't broken | sizuwatmağansızyou all haven't broken | alauwatmağandılathey haven't broken |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menuwathanmamı? uwathanmıma?have I broken? | senuwathanmısa?have you broken? | oluwathanmıdı?has he broken? | bizuwathanbızmı? uwathanmıbız?have we broken? | sizuwathanmısız?have you all broken? | alauwathanmıdıla?have they broken? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menuwatmağanmamı? uwatmağanmıma?haven't I broken? | senuwatmağanmısa?haven't you broken? | oluwatmağanmıdı?hasn't he broken? | bizuwatmağanbızmı? uwatmağanmıbız?haven't we broken? | sizuwatmağanmısız?haven't you all broken? | alauwatmağanmıdıla?haven't they broken? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menuwatıb turdumI kept breaking | senuwatıb turduŋyou kept breaking | oluwatıb turduhe kept breaking | bizuwatıb turduqwe kept breaking | sizuwatıb turduğuzyou all kept breaking | alauwatıb turdulathey kept breaking |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menuwatıb turmadımI didn't keep breaking | senuwatıb turmadıŋyou didn't keep breaking | oluwatıb turmadıhe didn't keep breaking | bizuwatıb turmadıqwe didn't keep breaking | sizuwatıb turmadığızyou all didn't keep breaking | alauwatıb turmadılathey didn't keep breaking |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menuwatırmaI will break | senuwatırsayou will break | oluwatırhe will break | bizuwatırbızwe will break | sizuwatırsızyou all will break | alauwatırlathey will break |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menuwatmazmaI won't break | senuwatmazsayou won't break | oluwatmazhe won't break | bizuwatmazbızwe won't break | sizuwatmazsızyou all won't break | alauwatmazlathey won't break |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menuwatırmamı? uwatırmıma?will I break? | senuwatırmısa?will you break? | oluwatırmı?will he break? | bizuwatırbızmı? uwatırmıbız?will we break? | sizuwatırmısız?will you all break? | alauwatırlamı? uwatırmıla?will they break? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menuwatmazmamı? uwatmazmıma?won't I break? | senuwatmazmısa?won't you break? | oluwatmazmı?won't he break? | bizuwatmazbızmı? uwatmazmıbız?won't we break? | sizuwatmazmısız?won't you all break? | alauwatmazlamı? uwatmazmıla?won't they break? |
| Definite future (future II) | menuwatırıqmaI am going to break | senuwatırıqsayou are going to break | oluwatırıqdıhe is going to break | bizuwatırıqbızwe are going to break | sizuwatırıqsızyou all are going to break | alauwatırıqdılathey are going to break |
| Definite future (future II) | menuwatırıq tülmeI am not going to break | senuwatırıq tülseyou are not going to break | oluwatırıq tüldühe is not going to break | bizuwatırıq tülbüzwe are not going to break | sizuwatırıq tülsüzyou all are not going to break | alauwatırıq tüldülethey are not going to break |
| Definite future (future II) | menuwatırıqmamı? uwatırıqmıma?am I going to break? | senuwatırıqmısa?are you going to break? | oluwatırıqmıdı?is he going to break? | bizuwatırıqbızmı? uwatırıqmıbız?are we going to break? | sizuwatırıqmısız?are you all going to break? | alauwatırıqmıdıla?are they going to break? |
| Definite future (future II) | menuwatırıq tülmüme?aren't I going to break? | senuwatırıq tülmüse?aren't you going to break? | oluwatırıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to break? | bizuwatırıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to break? | sizuwatırıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to break? | alauwatırıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to break? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menuwathan edimuwathanemI had broken | senuwathan ediŋuwathaneŋyou had broken | oluwathan ediuwathanedhe had broken | bizuwathan edikuwathanekwe had broken | sizuwathan edigizuwathanegizyou all had broken | alauwathan edileuwathanellethey had broken |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menuwatmağan edimuwatmağanemI hadn't broken | senuwatmağan ediŋuwatmağaneŋyou hadn't broken | oluwatmağan ediuwatmağanedhe hadn't broken | bizuwatmağan edikuwatmağanekwe hadn't broken | sizuwatmağan edigizuwatmağanegizyou all hadn't broken | alauwatmağan edileuwatmağanellethey hadn't broken |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menuwata edimuwataemI was breaking | senuwata ediŋuwataeŋyou were breaking | oluwata ediuwataedhe was breaking | bizuwata edikuwataekwe were breaking | sizuwata edigizuwataegizyou all were breaking | alauwata edileuwataellethey were breaking |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menuwatmay edimuwatmayemI wasn't breaking | senuwatmay ediŋuwatmayeŋyou weren't breaking | oluwatmay ediuwatmayedhe wasn't breaking | bizuwatmay edikuwatmayekwe weren't breaking | sizuwatmay edigizuwatmayegizyou all weren't breaking | alauwatmay edileuwatmayellethey weren't breaking |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menuwatıwçan edimuwatıwçanemI used to break | senuwatıwçan ediŋuwatıwçaneŋyou used to break | oluwatıwçan ediuwatıwçanedhe used to break | bizuwatıwçan edikuwatıwçanekwe used to break | sizuwatıwçan edigizuwatıwçanegizyou all used to break | alauwatıwçan edileuwatıwçanellethey used to break |
| Habitual past (used to) | menuwatmawçan edimuwatmawçanemI didn't use to break | senuwatmawçan ediŋuwatmawçaneŋyou didn't use to break | oluwatmawçan ediuwatmawçanedhe didn't use to break | bizuwatmawçan edikuwatmawçanekwe didn't use to break | sizuwatmawçan edigizuwatmawçanegizyou all didn't use to break | alauwatmawçan edileuwatmawçanellethey didn't use to break |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oluwatıb edihe had broken and remained so | alauwatıb edilethey had broken and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oluwatıb tül edihe hadn't broken | alauwatıb tül edilethey hadn't broken | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menuwatıb tura edimuwatıb turaemI had kept breaking | senuwatıb tura ediŋuwatıb turaeŋyou had kept breaking | oluwatıb tura ediuwatıb turaedhe had kept breaking | bizuwatıb tura edikuwatıb turaekwe had kept breaking | sizuwatıb tura edigizuwatıb turaegizyou all had kept breaking | alauwatıb tura edileuwatıb turaellethey had kept breaking |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menuwatıb turmay edimuwatıb turmayemI hadn't kept breaking | senuwatıb turmay ediŋuwatıb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept breaking | oluwatıb turmay ediuwatıb turmayedhe hadn't kept breaking | bizuwatıb turmay edikuwatıb turmayekwe hadn't kept breaking | sizuwatıb turmay edigizuwatıb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept breaking | alauwatıb turmay edileuwatıb turmayellethey hadn't kept breaking |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menuwata tura edimuwata turaemI was in the middle of breaking | senuwata tura ediŋuwata turaeŋyou were in the middle of breaking | oluwata tura ediuwata turaedhe was in the middle of breaking | bizuwata tura edikuwata turaekwe were in the middle of breaking | sizuwata tura edigizuwata turaegizyou all were in the middle of breaking | alauwata tura edileuwata turaellethey were in the middle of breaking |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menuwata turmay edimuwata turmayemI wasn't in the middle of breaking | senuwata turmay ediŋuwata turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of breaking | oluwata turmay ediuwata turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of breaking | bizuwata turmay edikuwata turmayekwe weren't in the middle of breaking | sizuwata turmay edigizuwata turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of breaking | alauwata turmay edileuwata turmayellethey weren't in the middle of breaking |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menuwatır edimuwatır emI would break | senuwatır ediŋuwatır eŋyou would break | oluwatır ediuwatır edhe would break | bizuwatır edikuwatır ekwe would break | sizuwatır edigizuwatır egizyou all would break | alauwatır edileuwatır ellethey would break |
| Conditional result (would) | menuwatmaz edimuwatmaz emI wouldn't break | senuwatmaz ediŋuwatmaz eŋyou wouldn't break | oluwatmaz ediuwatmaz edhe wouldn't break | bizuwatmaz edikuwatmaz ekwe wouldn't break | sizuwatmaz edigizuwatmaz egizyou all wouldn't break | alauwatmaz edileuwatmaz ellethey wouldn't break |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menuwatırıq edimuwatırıq emI would have broken | senuwatırıq ediŋuwatırıq eŋyou would have broken | oluwatırıq ediuwatırıq edhe would have broken | bizuwatırıq edikuwatırıq ekwe would have broken | sizuwatırıq edigizuwatırıq egizyou all would have broken | alauwatırıq edileuwatırıq ellethey would have broken |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menuwatırıq tül edimuwatırıq tül emI wouldn't have broken | senuwatırıq tül ediŋuwatırıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have broken | oluwatırıq tül ediuwatırıq tül edhe wouldn't have broken | bizuwatırıq tül edikuwatırıq tül ekwe wouldn't have broken | sizuwatırıq tül edigizuwatırıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have broken | alauwatırıq tül edileuwatırıq tül ellethey wouldn't have broken |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menuwatsamif I break | senuwatsaŋif you break | oluwatsaif he breaks | bizuwatsaqif we break | sizuwatsağızif you all break | alauwatsalaif they break |
| Conditional | menuwatmasamif I don't break | senuwatmasaŋif you don't break | oluwatmasaif he doesn't break | bizuwatmasaqif we don't break | sizuwatmasağızif you all don't break | alauwatmasalaif they don't break |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menuwata esemif I am breaking | senuwata eseŋif you are breaking | oluwata eseif he is breaking | bizuwata esekif we are breaking | sizuwata esegizif you all are breaking | alauwata eseleif they are breaking |
| Conditional, present real | menuwatmay esemif I am not breaking | senuwatmay eseŋif you are not breaking | oluwatmay eseif he is not breaking | bizuwatmay esekif we are not breaking | sizuwatmay esegizif you all are not breaking | alauwatmay eseleif they are not breaking |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menuwatsam ediuwatsam edif only I broke | senuwatsaŋ ediuwatsaŋ edif only you broke | oluwatsa ediuwatsaedif only he broke | bizuwatsaq ediuwatsaq edif only we broke | sizuwatsağız ediuwatsağız edif only you all broke | alauwatsala ediuwatsalaedif only they broke |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menuwatmasam ediuwatmasam edif only I didn't break | senuwatmasaŋ ediuwatmasaŋ edif only you didn't break | oluwatmasa ediuwatmasaedif only he didn't break | bizuwatmasaq ediuwatmasaq edif only we didn't break | sizuwatmasağız ediuwatmasağız edif only you all didn't break | alauwatmasala ediuwatmasalaedif only they didn't break |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menuwatıb tursamif I carry on breaking | senuwatıb tursaŋif you carry on breaking | oluwatıb tursaif he carries on breaking | bizuwatıb tursaqif we carry on breaking | sizuwatıb tursağızif you all carry on breaking | alauwatıb tursalaif they carry on breaking |
| Durative conditional | menuwatıb turmasamif I don't carry on breaking | senuwatıb turmasaŋif you don't carry on breaking | oluwatıb turmasaif he doesn't carry on breaking | bizuwatıb turmasaqif we don't carry on breaking | sizuwatıb turmasağızif you all don't carry on breaking | alauwatıb turmasalaif they don't carry on breaking |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menuwatıb tura esemif I have kept breaking | senuwatıb tura eseŋif you have kept breaking | oluwatıb tura eseif he has kept breaking | bizuwatıb tura esekif we have kept breaking | sizuwatıb tura esegizif you all have kept breaking | alauwatıb tura eseleif they have kept breaking |
| Durative conditional, present real | menuwatıb turmay esemif I haven't kept breaking | senuwatıb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept breaking | oluwatıb turmay eseif he hasn't kept breaking | bizuwatıb turmay esekif we haven't kept breaking | sizuwatıb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept breaking | alauwatıb turmay eseleif they haven't kept breaking |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menuwata tursamif I keep breaking | senuwata tursaŋif you keep breaking | oluwata tursaif he keeps breaking | bizuwata tursaqif we keep breaking | sizuwata tursağızif you all keep breaking | alauwata tursalaif they keep breaking |
| Progressive conditional | menuwatmay tursamif I keep on not breaking | senuwatmay tursaŋif you keep on not breaking | oluwatmay tursaif he keeps on not breaking | bizuwatmay tursaqif we keep on not breaking | sizuwatmay tursağızif you all keep on not breaking | alauwatmay tursalaif they keep on not breaking |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menuwata tura esemif I am in the middle of breaking | senuwata tura eseŋif you are in the middle of breaking | oluwata tura eseif he is in the middle of breaking | bizuwata tura esekif we are in the middle of breaking | sizuwata tura esegizif you all are in the middle of breaking | alauwata tura eseleif they are in the middle of breaking |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menuwatmay tura esemif I keep on not breaking | senuwatmay tura eseŋif you keep on not breaking | oluwatmay tura eseif he keeps on not breaking | bizuwatmay tura esekif we keep on not breaking | sizuwatmay tura esegizif you all keep on not breaking | alauwatmay tura eseleif they keep on not breaking |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menuwatdım esemif I broke | senuwatdıŋ eseŋif you broke | oluwatdı eseif he broke | bizuwatdıq esekif we broke | sizuwatdığız esegizif you all broke | alauwatdıla eseleif they broke |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menuwatmadım esemif I didn't break | senuwatmadıŋ eseŋif you didn't break | oluwatmadı eseif he didn't break | bizuwatmadıq esekif we didn't break | sizuwatmadığız esegizif you all didn't break | alauwatmadıla eseleif they didn't break |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menuwathan esemif I did break (indeed) | senuwathan eseŋif you did break (indeed) | oluwathan eseif he did break (indeed) | bizuwathan esekif we did break (indeed) | sizuwathan esegizif you all did break (indeed) | alauwathan eseleif they did break (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menuwatmağan esemif I didn't break (indeed) | senuwatmağan eseŋif you didn't break (indeed) | oluwatmağan eseif he didn't break (indeed) | bizuwatmağan esekif we didn't break (indeed) | sizuwatmağan esegizif you all didn't break (indeed) | alauwatmağan eseleif they didn't break (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menuwathan bolsamif I had broken | senuwathan bolsaŋif you had broken | oluwathan bolsaif he had broken | bizuwathan bolsaqif we had broken | sizuwathan bolsağızif you all had broken | alauwathan bolsalaif they had broken |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menuwatmağan bolsamif I hadn't broken | senuwatmağan bolsaŋif you hadn't broken | oluwatmağan bolsaif he hadn't broken | bizuwatmağan bolsaqif we hadn't broken | sizuwatmağan bolsağızif you all hadn't broken | alauwatmağan bolsalaif they hadn't broken |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menuwathan bolsam ediuwathan bolsam edif only I had broken | senuwathan bolsaŋ ediuwathan bolsaŋ edif only you had broken | oluwathan bolsa ediuwathan bolsaedif only he had broken | bizuwathan bolsaq ediuwathan bolsaq edif only we had broken | sizuwathan bolsağız ediuwathan bolsağız edif only you all had broken | alauwathan bolsala ediuwathan bolsalaedif only they had broken |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menuwatmağan bolsam ediuwatmağan bolsam edif only I hadn't broken | senuwatmağan bolsaŋ ediuwatmağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't broken | oluwatmağan bolsa ediuwatmağan bolsaedif only he hadn't broken | bizuwatmağan bolsaq ediuwatmağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't broken | sizuwatmağan bolsağız ediuwatmağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't broken | alauwatmağan bolsala ediuwatmağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't broken |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menuwatır esemif I will break | senuwatır eseŋif you will break | oluwatır eseif he will break | bizuwatır esekif we will break | sizuwatır esegizif you all will break | alauwatır eseleif they will break |
| Conditional, aorist | menuwatmaz esemif I won't break | senuwatmaz eseŋif you won't break | oluwatmaz eseif he won't break | bizuwatmaz esekif we won't break | sizuwatmaz esegizif you all won't break | alauwatmaz eseleif they won't break |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menuwatırıq esemif I am going to break | senuwatırıq eseŋif you are going to break | oluwatırıq eseif he is going to break | bizuwatırıq esekif we are going to break | sizuwatırıq esegizif you all are going to break | alauwatırıq eseleif they are going to break |
| Conditional, future | menuwatırıq tül esemif I am not going to break | senuwatırıq tül eseŋif you are not going to break | oluwatırıq tül eseif he is not going to break | bizuwatırıq tül esekif we are not going to break | sizuwatırıq tül esegizif you all are not going to break | alauwatırıq tül eseleif they are not going to break |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menuwatırıq bolsamif I were going to break | senuwatırıq bolsaŋif you were going to break | oluwatırıq bolsaif he were going to break | bizuwatırıq bolsaqif we were going to break | sizuwatırıq bolsağızif you all were going to break | alauwatırıq bolsalaif they were going to break |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menuwatmazlıq bolsamif I were not going to break | senuwatmazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to break | oluwatmazlıq bolsaif he were not going to break | bizuwatmazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to break | sizuwatmazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to break | alauwatmazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to break |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso uwatdıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menuwata bolurmaI must be breaking | senuwata bolursayou must be breaking | oluwata bolurhe must be breaking | bizuwata bolurbuzwe must be breaking | sizuwata bolursuzyou all must be breaking | alauwata bolurlathey must be breaking |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menuwatmay bolurmaI must not be breaking | senuwatmay bolursayou must not be breaking | oluwatmay bolurhe must not be breaking | bizuwatmay bolurbuzwe must not be breaking | sizuwatmay bolursuzyou all must not be breaking | alauwatmay bolurlathey must not be breaking |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menuwata tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of breaking | senuwata tura bolursayou must be in the middle of breaking | oluwata tura bolurhe must be in the middle of breaking | bizuwata tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of breaking | sizuwata tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of breaking | alauwata tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of breaking |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menuwatmay tura bolurmaI must keep on not breaking | senuwatmay tura bolursayou must keep on not breaking | oluwatmay tura bolurhe must keep on not breaking | bizuwatmay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not breaking | sizuwatmay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not breaking | alauwatmay tura bolurlathey must keep on not breaking |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menuwathan bolurmaI must have broken | senuwathan bolursayou must have broken | oluwathan bolurhe must have broken | bizuwathan bolurbuzwe must have broken | sizuwathan bolursuzyou all must have broken | alauwathan bolurlathey must have broken |
| Inference (must have) | menuwatmağan bolurmaI must not have broken | senuwatmağan bolursayou must not have broken | oluwatmağan bolurhe must not have broken | bizuwatmağan bolurbuzwe must not have broken | sizuwatmağan bolursuzyou all must not have broken | alauwatmağan bolurlathey must not have broken |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menuwatırıq bolurmaI must be going to break | senuwatırıq bolursayou must be going to break | oluwatırıq bolurhe must be going to break | bizuwatırıq bolurbuzwe must be going to break | sizuwatırıq bolursuzyou all must be going to break | alauwatırıq bolurlathey must be going to break |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menuwatmazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to break | senuwatmazlıq bolursayou must not be going to break | oluwatmazlıq bolurhe must not be going to break | bizuwatmazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to break | sizuwatmazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to break | alauwatmazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to break |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menuwatayımlet me break | senuwat!break! | oluwatsınlet him break | bizuwatayıqlet's break | sizuwatığız!break, you all! | alauwatsınlalet them break |
| Commands & suggestions | menuwatmayımlet me not break | senuwatma!don't break! | oluwatmasınlet him not break | bizuwatmayıqlet's not break | sizuwatmağız!don't break, you all! | alauwatmasınlalet them not break |
| Commands & suggestions | menuwatayımmı?shall I break? | oluwatsınmı?should he break? | bizuwatayıqmı?shall we break? | alauwatsınlamı?should they break? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menuwatmayımmı?shall I not break? | oluwatmasınmı?should he not break? | bizuwatmayıqmı?shall we not break? | alauwatmasınlamı?should they not break? | ||
| Requests | senuwatçı2uwatçınplease break | oluwatsınçıdo let him break | sizuwatçığızplease break (plural/polite) | alauwatsınlaçıdo let them break | ||
| Requests | senuwatmaçı2uwatmaçınplease don't break | oluwatmasınçıdo let him not break | sizuwatmaçığızplease don't break (plural/polite) | alauwatmasınlaçıdo let them not break | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senuwathınuwathımay you break | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senuwatmağınuwatmağımay you not break | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menuwathay edim uwatha edimwould that I broke | senuwathay ediŋ uwatha ediŋwould that you broke | oluwathay edi uwatha ediwould that he broke | bizuwathay edik uwatha edikwould that we broke | sizuwathay edigiz uwatha edigizwould that you all broke | alauwathay edile uwatha edilewould that they broke |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menuwatmağay edim uwatmağa edimwould that I did not break | senuwatmağay ediŋ uwatmağa ediŋwould that you did not break | oluwatmağay edi uwatmağa ediwould that he did not break | bizuwatmağay edik uwatmağa edikwould that we did not break | sizuwatmağay edigiz uwatmağa edigizwould that you all did not break | alauwatmağay edile uwatmağa edilewould that they did not break |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menuwatmağa qoyayımuwatma qoyayımlet me allow someone to break | senuwatmağa qoy!uwatma qoy!let someone break! | oluwatmağa qoysunuwatma qoysunlet him allow someone to break | bizuwatmağa qoyayıquwatma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to break | sizuwatmağa qoyuğuz!uwatma qoyuğuz!let someone break, you all! | alauwatmağa qoysunlauwatma qoysunlalet them allow someone to break |
| Let someone… (commands) | menuwatmağa qoymayımuwatma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to break | senuwatmağa qoyma!uwatma qoyma!don't let someone break! | oluwatmağa qoymasınuwatma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to break | bizuwatmağa qoymayıquwatma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to break | sizuwatmağa qoymağız!uwatma qoymağız!don't let someone break, you all! | alauwatmağa qoymasınlauwatma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to break |
| Let someone… (commands) | menuwatmağa qoyayımmı?uwatma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to break? | oluwatmağa qoysunmu?uwatma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to break? | bizuwatmağa qoyayıqmı?uwatma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to break? | alauwatmağa qoysunlamı?uwatma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to break? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menuwatmağa qoymayımmı?uwatma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to break? | oluwatmağa qoymasınmı?uwatma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to break? | bizuwatmağa qoymayıqmı?uwatma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to break? | alauwatmağa qoymasınlamı?uwatma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to break? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menuwatmağa qoyamauwatma qoyamaI allow someone to break | senuwatmağa qoyasauwatma qoyasayou allow someone to break | oluwatmağa qoyadıuwatma qoyadıhe allows someone to break | bizuwatmağa qoyabızuwatma qoyabızwe allow someone to break | sizuwatmağa qoyasızuwatma qoyasızyou all allow someone to break | alauwatmağa qoyadılauwatma qoyadılathey allow someone to break |
| Let someone… (present) | menuwatmağa qoymaymauwatma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to break | senuwatmağa qoymaysauwatma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to break | oluwatmağa qoymaydıuwatma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to break | bizuwatmağa qoymaybızuwatma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to break | sizuwatmağa qoymaysızuwatma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to break | alauwatmağa qoymaydılauwatma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to break |
| Let someone… (present) | menuwatmağa qoyamamı?uwatma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to break? | senuwatmağa qoyamısa?uwatma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to break? | oluwatmağa qoyamıdı?uwatma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to break? | bizuwatmağa qoyabızmı?uwatma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to break? | sizuwatmağa qoyamısız?uwatma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to break? | alauwatmağa qoyamıdıla?uwatma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to break? |
| Let someone… (present) | menuwatmağa qoymaymamı?uwatma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to break? | senuwatmağa qoymaymısa?uwatma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to break? | oluwatmağa qoymaymıdı?uwatma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to break? | bizuwatmağa qoymaybızmı?uwatma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to break? | sizuwatmağa qoymaymısız?uwatma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to break? | alauwatmağa qoymaymıdıla?uwatma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to break? |
| Let someone… (past) | menuwatmağa qoydumuwatma qoydumI allowed someone to break | senuwatmağa qoyduŋuwatma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to break | oluwatmağa qoyduuwatma qoyduhe allowed someone to break | bizuwatmağa qoyduquwatma qoyduqwe allowed someone to break | sizuwatmağa qoyduğuzuwatma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to break | alauwatmağa qoydulauwatma qoydulathey allowed someone to break |
| Let someone… (past) | menuwatmağa qoymadımuwatma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to break | senuwatmağa qoymadıŋuwatma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to break | oluwatmağa qoymadıuwatma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to break | bizuwatmağa qoymadıquwatma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to break | sizuwatmağa qoymadığızuwatma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to break | alauwatmağa qoymadılauwatma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to break |
| Let someone… (past) | menuwatmağa qoydummu?uwatma qoydummu?did I allow someone to break? | senuwatmağa qoyduŋmu?uwatma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to break? | oluwatmağa qoydumu?uwatma qoydumu?did he allow someone to break? | bizuwatmağa qoyduqmu?uwatma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to break? | sizuwatmağa qoyduğuzmu?uwatma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to break? | alauwatmağa qoydulamı?uwatma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to break? |
| Let someone… (past) | menuwatmağa qoymadımmı?uwatma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to break? | senuwatmağa qoymadıŋmı?uwatma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to break? | oluwatmağa qoymadımı?uwatma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to break? | bizuwatmağa qoymadıqmı?uwatma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to break? | sizuwatmağa qoymadığızmı?uwatma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to break? | alauwatmağa qoymadılamı?uwatma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to break? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
uwatalırğa be able to break · uwatalmazğa be unable to break
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menuwatalamaI can break | senuwatalasayou can break | oluwataladıhe can break | bizuwatalabızwe can break | sizuwatalasızyou all can break | alauwataladılathey can break |
| Ability — present | menuwatalmaymaI can't break | senuwatalmaysayou can't break | oluwatalmaydıhe can't break | bizuwatalmaybızwe can't break | sizuwatalmaysızyou all can't break | alauwatalmaydılathey can't break |
| Ability — present | menuwatalamamı? uwatalamıma?can I break? | senuwatalamısa?can you break? | oluwatalamıdı?can he break? | bizuwatalabızmı? uwatalamıbız?can we break? | sizuwatalamısız?can you all break? | alauwatalamıdıla?can they break? |
| Ability — present | menuwatalmaymamı? uwatalmaymıma?can't I break? | senuwatalmaymısa?can't you break? | oluwatalmaymıdı?can't he break? | bizuwatalmaybızmı? uwatalmaymıbız?can't we break? | sizuwatalmaymısız?can't you all break? | alauwatalmaymıdıla?can't they break? |
| Ability — if I can… | menuwatalsamif I can break | senuwatalsaŋif you can break | oluwatalsaif he can break | bizuwatalsaqif we can break | sizuwatalsağızif you all can break | alauwatalsalaif they can break |
| Ability — if I can… | menuwatalmasamif I can't break | senuwatalmasaŋif you can't break | oluwatalmasaif he can't break | bizuwatalmasaqif we can't break | sizuwatalmasağızif you all can't break | alauwatalmasalaif they can't break |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menuwataldımI was able to break | senuwataldıŋyou were able to break | oluwataldıhe was able to break | bizuwataldıqwe were able to break | sizuwataldığızyou all were able to break | alauwataldılathey were able to break |
| Ability — simple past | menuwatalmadımI could not break | senuwatalmadıŋyou could not break | oluwatalmadıhe could not break | bizuwatalmadıqwe could not break | sizuwatalmadığızyou all could not break | alauwatalmadılathey could not break |
| Ability — simple past | menuwataldımmı?was I able to break? | senuwataldıŋmı?were you able to break? | oluwataldımı?was he able to break? | bizuwataldıqmı?were we able to break? | sizuwataldığızmı?were you all able to break? | alauwataldılamı?were they able to break? |
| Ability — simple past | menuwatalmadımmı?couldn't I break? | senuwatalmadıŋmı?couldn't you break? | oluwatalmadımı?couldn't he break? | bizuwatalmadıqmı?couldn't we break? | sizuwatalmadığızmı?couldn't you all break? | alauwatalmadılamı?couldn't they break? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menuwatalğanmaI have been able to break | senuwatalğansayou have been able to break | oluwatalğandıhe has been able to break | bizuwatalğanbızwe have been able to break | sizuwatalğansızyou all have been able to break | alauwatalğandılathey have been able to break |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menuwatalmağanmaI haven't been able to break | senuwatalmağansayou haven't been able to break | oluwatalmağandıhe hasn't been able to break | bizuwatalmağanbızwe haven't been able to break | sizuwatalmağansızyou all haven't been able to break | alauwatalmağandılathey haven't been able to break |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menuwatalğanmamı? uwatalğanmıma?have I been able to break? | senuwatalğanmısa?have you been able to break? | oluwatalğanmıdı?has he been able to break? | bizuwatalğanbızmı? uwatalğanmıbız?have we been able to break? | sizuwatalğanmısız?have you all been able to break? | alauwatalğanmıdıla?have they been able to break? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menuwatalmağanmamı? uwatalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to break? | senuwatalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to break? | oluwatalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to break? | bizuwatalmağanbızmı? uwatalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to break? | sizuwatalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to break? | alauwatalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to break? |
| Ability — past perfect | menuwatalğan edimuwatalğanemI had been able to break | senuwatalğan ediŋuwatalğaneŋyou had been able to break | oluwatalğan ediuwatalğanedhe had been able to break | bizuwatalğan edikuwatalğanekwe had been able to break | sizuwatalğan edigizuwatalğanegizyou all had been able to break | alauwatalğan edileuwatalğanellethey had been able to break |
| Ability — past perfect | menuwatalmağan edimuwatalmağanemI hadn't been able to break | senuwatalmağan ediŋuwatalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to break | oluwatalmağan ediuwatalmağanedhe hadn't been able to break | bizuwatalmağan edikuwatalmağanekwe hadn't been able to break | sizuwatalmağan edigizuwatalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to break | alauwatalmağan edileuwatalmağanellethey hadn't been able to break |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menuwatala edimuwatalaemI could break | senuwatala ediŋuwatalaeŋyou could break | oluwatala ediuwatalaedhe could break | bizuwatala edikuwatalaekwe could break | sizuwatala edigizuwatalaegizyou all could break | alauwatala edileuwatalaellethey could break |
| Ability — past background | menuwatalmay edimuwatalmayemI could not break | senuwatalmay ediŋuwatalmayeŋyou could not break | oluwatalmay ediuwatalmayedhe could not break | bizuwatalmay edikuwatalmayekwe could not break | sizuwatalmay edigizuwatalmayegizyou all could not break | alauwatalmay edileuwatalmayellethey could not break |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menuwatalırmaI will be able to break | senuwatalırsayou will be able to break | oluwatalırhe will be able to break | bizuwatalırbızwe will be able to break | sizuwatalırsızyou all will be able to break | alauwatalırlathey will be able to break |
| Ability — future I | menuwatalmazmaI won't be able to break | senuwatalmazsayou won't be able to break | oluwatalmazhe won't be able to break | bizuwatalmazbızwe won't be able to break | sizuwatalmazsızyou all won't be able to break | alauwatalmazlathey won't be able to break |
| Ability — future I | menuwatalırmamı? uwatalırmıma?will I be able to break? | senuwatalırmısa?will you be able to break? | oluwatalırmı?will he be able to break? | bizuwatalırbızmı? uwatalırmıbız?will we be able to break? | sizuwatalırmısız?will you all be able to break? | alauwatalırlamı? uwatalırmıla?will they be able to break? |
| Ability — future I | menuwatalmazmamı? uwatalmazmıma?won't I be able to break? | senuwatalmazmısa?won't you be able to break? | oluwatalmazmı?won't he be able to break? | bizuwatalmazbızmı? uwatalmazmıbız?won't we be able to break? | sizuwatalmazmısız?won't you all be able to break? | alauwatalmazlamı? uwatalmazmıla?won't they be able to break? |
| Ability — future II | menuwatallıqmaI am going to be able to break | senuwatallıqsayou are going to be able to break | oluwatallıqdıhe is going to be able to break | bizuwatallıqbızwe are going to be able to break | sizuwatallıqsızyou all are going to be able to break | alauwatallıqdılathey are going to be able to break |
| Ability — future II | menuwatallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to break | senuwatallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to break | oluwatallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to break | bizuwatallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to break | sizuwatallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to break | alauwatallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to break |
| Ability — future II | menuwatallıqmamı? uwatallıqmıma?am I going to be able to break? | senuwatallıqmısa?are you going to be able to break? | oluwatallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to break? | bizuwatallıqbızmı? uwatallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to break? | sizuwatallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to break? | alauwatallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to break? |
| Ability — future II | menuwatallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to break? | senuwatallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to break? | oluwatallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to break? | bizuwatallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to break? | sizuwatallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to break? | alauwatallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to break? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menuwatalır edimuwatalır emI would be able to break | senuwatalır ediŋuwatalır eŋyou would be able to break | oluwatalır ediuwatalır edhe would be able to break | bizuwatalır edikuwatalır ekwe would be able to break | sizuwatalır edigizuwatalır egizyou all would be able to break | alauwatalır edileuwatalır ellethey would be able to break |
| Ability — would be able to… | menuwatalmaz edimuwatalmaz emI wouldn't be able to break | senuwatalmaz ediŋuwatalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to break | oluwatalmaz ediuwatalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to break | bizuwatalmaz edikuwatalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to break | sizuwatalmaz edigizuwatalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to break | alauwatalmaz edileuwatalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to break |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senuwatalğınuwatalğımay you be able to break | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senuwatalmağınuwatalmağımay you not be able to break | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menuwatırğa izleymeI want to break | senuwatırğa izleyseyou want to break | oluwatırğa izleydihe wants to break | bizuwatırğa izleybizwe want to break | sizuwatırğa izleysizyou all want to break | alauwatırğa izleydilethey want to break |
| want to | menuwatırğa izlemeymeI do not want to break | senuwatırğa izlemeyseyou do not want to break | oluwatırğa izlemeydihe does not want to break | bizuwatırğa izlemeybizwe do not want to break | sizuwatırğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to break | alauwatırğa izlemeydilethey do not want to break |
| would like to | menuwatırğa süemeI would like to break | senuwatırğa süeseyou would like to break | oluwatırğa süedihe would like to break | bizuwatırğa süebizwe would like to break | sizuwatırğa süesizyou all would like to break | alauwatırğa süedilethey would like to break |
| would like to | menuwatırğa süymeymeI would not like to break | senuwatırğa süymeyseyou would not like to break | oluwatırğa süymeydihe would not like to break | bizuwatırğa süymeybizwe would not like to break | sizuwatırğa süymeysizyou all would not like to break | alauwatırğa süymeydilethey would not like to break |
| hope to | menuwatırğa umutlanamaI hope to break | senuwatırğa umutlanasayou hope to break | oluwatırğa umutlanadıhe hopes to break | bizuwatırğa umutlanabızwe hope to break | sizuwatırğa umutlanasızyou all hope to break | alauwatırğa umutlanadılathey hope to break |
| hope to | menuwatırğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to break | senuwatırğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to break | oluwatırğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to break | bizuwatırğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to break | sizuwatırğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to break | alauwatırğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to break |
| be about to | menuwatırğa deb turamaI am about to break | senuwatırğa deb turasayou are about to break | oluwatırğa deb turadıhe is about to break | bizuwatırğa deb turabızwe are about to break | sizuwatırğa deb turasızyou all are about to break | alauwatırğa deb turadılathey are about to break |
| be about to | menuwatırğa deb turmaymaI am not about to break | senuwatırğa deb turmaysayou are not about to break | oluwatırğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to break | bizuwatırğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to break | sizuwatırğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to break | alauwatırğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to break |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menuwatırğa kerekmeI need to break | senuwatırğa kerekseyou need to break | oluwatırğa kerekdihe needs to break | bizuwatırğa kerekbizwe need to break | sizuwatırğa kereksizyou all need to break | alauwatırğa kerekdilethey need to break |
| need to | menuwatırğa kerek tülmeI do not need to break | senuwatırğa kerek tülseyou do not need to break | oluwatırğa kerek tüldühe does not need to break | bizuwatırğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to break | sizuwatırğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to break | alauwatırğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to break |
| have to | menmenŋe uwatırğa tüşediI have to break | sensenŋe uwatırğa tüşediyou have to break | olaŋa uwatırğa tüşedihe has to break | bizbizge uwatırğa tüşediwe have to break | sizsizge uwatırğa tüşediyou all have to break | alaalağa uwatırğa tüşedithey have to break |
| have to | menmenŋe uwatırğa tüşmeydiI do not have to break | sensenŋe uwatırğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to break | olaŋa uwatırğa tüşmeydihe does not have to break | bizbizge uwatırğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to break | sizsizge uwatırğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to break | alaalağa uwatırğa tüşmeydithey do not have to break |
| be obliged to | menuwatırğa borçlumaI am obliged to break | senuwatırğa borçlusayou are obliged to break | oluwatırğa borçluduhe is obliged to break | bizuwatırğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to break | sizuwatırğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to break | alauwatırğa borçludulathey are obliged to break |
| be obliged to | menuwatırğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to break | senuwatırğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to break | oluwatırğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to break | bizuwatırğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to break | sizuwatırğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to break | alauwatırğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to break |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menuwatırğa madarım bardıI have a way to break | senuwatırğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to break | oluwatırğa madarı bardıhe has a way to break | bizuwatırğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to break | sizuwatırğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to break | alauwatırğa madarları bardıthey have a way to break |
| have a way to | menuwatırğa madarım joqduI have no way to break | senuwatırğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to break | oluwatırğa madarı joqduhe has no way to break | bizuwatırğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to break | sizuwatırğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to break | alauwatırğa madarları joqduthey have no way to break |
| be free to | menuwatırğa erkinligim bardıI am free to break | senuwatırğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to break | oluwatırğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to break | bizuwatırğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to break | sizuwatırğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to break | alauwatırğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to break |
| be free to | menuwatırğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to break | senuwatırğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to break | oluwatırğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to break | bizuwatırğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to break | sizuwatırğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to break | alauwatırğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to break |
| be possible to | menmenŋe uwatırğa bolluqduit is possible for me to break | sensenŋe uwatırğa bolluqduit is possible for you to break | olaŋa uwatırğa bolluqduit is possible for him to break | bizbizge uwatırğa bolluqduit is possible for us to break | sizsizge uwatırğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to break | alaalağa uwatırğa bolluqduit is possible for them to break |
| be possible to | menmenŋe uwatırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to break | sensenŋe uwatırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to break | olaŋa uwatırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to break | bizbizge uwatırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to break | sizsizge uwatırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to break | alaalağa uwatırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to break |
| be ready to | menuwatırğa hazırmaI am ready to break | senuwatırğa hazırsayou are ready to break | oluwatırğa hazırdıhe is ready to break | bizuwatırğa hazırbızwe are ready to break | sizuwatırğa hazırsızyou all are ready to break | alauwatırğa hazırdılathey are ready to break |
| be ready to | menuwatırğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to break | senuwatırğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to break | oluwatırğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to break | bizuwatırğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to break | sizuwatırğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to break | alauwatırğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to break |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menuwatırğa küreşemeI am trying to break | senuwatırğa küreşeseyou are trying to break | oluwatırğa küreşedihe is trying to break | bizuwatırğa küreşebizwe are trying to break | sizuwatırğa küreşesizyou all are trying to break | alauwatırğa küreşedilethey are trying to break |
| try to | menuwatırğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to break | senuwatırğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to break | oluwatırğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to break | bizuwatırğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to break | sizuwatırğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to break | alauwatırğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to break |
| agree to | menuwatırğa unaymaI agree to break | senuwatırğa unaysayou agree to break | oluwatırğa unaydıhe agrees to break | bizuwatırğa unaybızwe agree to break | sizuwatırğa unaysızyou all agree to break | alauwatırğa unaydılathey agree to break |
| agree to | menuwatırğa unamaymaI refuse to break | senuwatırğa unamaysayou refuse to break | oluwatırğa unamaydıhe refuses to break | bizuwatırğa unamaybızwe refuse to break | sizuwatırğa unamaysızyou all refuse to break | alauwatırğa unamaydılathey refuse to break |
| hurry to | menuwatırğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to break | senuwatırğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to break | oluwatırğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to break | bizuwatırğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to break | sizuwatırğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to break | alauwatırğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to break |
| hurry to | menuwatırğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to break | senuwatırğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to break | oluwatırğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to break | bizuwatırğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to break | sizuwatırğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to break | alauwatırğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to break |
| be afraid to | menuwatırğa qorqamaI am afraid to break | senuwatırğa qorqasayou are afraid to break | oluwatırğa qorqadıhe is afraid to break | bizuwatırğa qorqabızwe are afraid to break | sizuwatırğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to break | alauwatırğa qorqadılathey are afraid to break |
| be afraid to | menuwatırğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to break | senuwatırğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to break | oluwatırğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to break | bizuwatırğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to break | sizuwatırğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to break | alauwatırğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to break |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menuwata bolmazmaI can't be breaking | senuwata bolmazsayou can't be breaking | oluwata bolmazhe can't be breaking | bizuwata bolmazbızwe can't be breaking | sizuwata bolmazsızyou all can't be breaking | alauwata bolmazlathey can't be breaking |
| Inference, present — double negation | menuwatmay bolmazmaI must be breaking (emphatic) | senuwatmay bolmazsayou must be breaking (emphatic) | oluwatmay bolmazhe must be breaking (emphatic) | bizuwatmay bolmazbızwe must be breaking (emphatic) | sizuwatmay bolmazsızyou all must be breaking (emphatic) | alauwatmay bolmazlathey must be breaking (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menuwata turmasamif I don't keep breaking | senuwata turmasaŋif you don't keep breaking | oluwata turmasaif he doesn't keep breaking | bizuwata turmasaqif we don't keep breaking | sizuwata turmasağızif you all don't keep breaking | alauwata turmasalaif they don't keep breaking |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menuwata tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of breaking | senuwata tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of breaking | oluwata tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of breaking | bizuwata tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of breaking | sizuwata tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of breaking | alauwata tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of breaking |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menuwatmay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not breaking (emphatic) | senuwatmay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not breaking (emphatic) | oluwatmay tura bolmazhe must keep on not breaking (emphatic) | bizuwatmay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not breaking (emphatic) | sizuwatmay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not breaking (emphatic) | alauwatmay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not breaking (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menuwatmay turamaI keep on not breaking | senuwatmay turasayou keep on not breaking | oluwatmay turadıhe keeps on not breaking | bizuwatmay turabızwe keep on not breaking | sizuwatmay turasızyou all keep on not breaking | alauwatmay turadılathey keep on not breaking |
| Progressive — double negation | menuwatmay turmaymaI am not keeping on not breaking | senuwatmay turmaysayou are not keeping on not breaking | oluwatmay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not breaking | bizuwatmay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not breaking | sizuwatmay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not breaking | alauwatmay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not breaking |
| Progressive — double negation | menuwatmay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not breaking? | senuwatmay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not breaking? | oluwatmay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not breaking? | bizuwatmay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not breaking? | sizuwatmay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not breaking? | alauwatmay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not breaking? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menuwathan bolmazmaI can't have broken | senuwathan bolmazsayou can't have broken | oluwathan bolmazhe can't have broken | bizuwathan bolmazbızwe can't have broken | sizuwathan bolmazsızyou all can't have broken | alauwathan bolmazlathey can't have broken |
| Inference — double negation | menuwatmağan bolmazmaI must have broken (emphatic) | senuwatmağan bolmazsayou must have broken (emphatic) | oluwatmağan bolmazhe must have broken (emphatic) | bizuwatmağan bolmazbızwe must have broken (emphatic) | sizuwatmağan bolmazsızyou all must have broken (emphatic) | alauwatmağan bolmazlathey must have broken (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menuwathan bolmasamif it weren't that I had broken | senuwathan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had broken | oluwathan bolmasaif it weren't that he had broken | bizuwathan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had broken | sizuwathan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had broken | alauwathan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had broken |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menuwatmağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't broken | senuwatmağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't broken | oluwatmağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't broken | bizuwatmağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't broken | sizuwatmağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't broken | alauwatmağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't broken |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menuwatırıq bolmazmaI can't be going to break | senuwatırıq bolmazsayou can't be going to break | oluwatırıq bolmazhe can't be going to break | bizuwatırıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to break | sizuwatırıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to break | alauwatırıq bolmazlathey can't be going to break |
| Inference, future — double negation | menuwatmazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to break (emphatic) | senuwatmazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to break (emphatic) | oluwatmazlıq bolmazhe must be going to break (emphatic) | bizuwatmazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to break (emphatic) | sizuwatmazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to break (emphatic) | alauwatmazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to break (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menuwatırıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to break | senuwatırıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to break | oluwatırıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to break | bizuwatırıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to break | sizuwatırıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to break | alauwatırıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to break |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menuwatmazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to break | senuwatmazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to break | oluwatmazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to break | bizuwatmazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to break | sizuwatmazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to break | alauwatmazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to break |