tebrenirge
/tebrenirɡe/
1. shake, tremble, be shaken
- üy tebrenŋen etedi — the house is shaking
- ol jürüse üy tebrenedi — when he walks, the house shakes
- erni tebrene edi — his lip was trembling
- terekle tebrenedile — the trees are trembling
- jer tebrenŋen — an earthquake
2. shift, move from its place
- taş tebrenmedi — the stone did not budge
- tepsi ornundan küçden tebrendi — the table barely shifted from its place
- bir zat da tebrenmegendi — nothing had moved
3. begin, get under way — Used mostly of a conversation or an activity starting.
- uşaq tebrendi — the conversation got under way
- iş tebrenŋendi — the work had got under way
- söz uwçulanı üsünden tebrendi — the talk turned to the hunters
Conjugation
Common forms
- tebrenedihe is shaking
- tebrendihe shook
- tebrenŋendihe has shaken
- tebrenirhe will shake
- tebrennikdihe is going to shake
- tebrene edihe was shaking
- tebrenseif he shakes
- tebren!shake!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentebrenemeI am shaking | sentebreneseyou are shaking | oltebrenedihe is shaking | biztebrenebizwe are shaking | siztebrenesizyou all are shaking | alatebrenedilethey are shaking |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentebrenmeymeI am not shaking | sentebrenmeyseyou are not shaking | oltebrenmeydihe is not shaking | biztebrenmeybizwe are not shaking | siztebrenmeysizyou all are not shaking | alatebrenmeydilethey are not shaking |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentebrenememi? tebrenemime?am I shaking? | sentebrenemise?are you shaking? | oltebrenemidi?is he shaking? | biztebrenebizmi? tebrenemibiz?are we shaking? | siztebrenemisiz?are you all shaking? | alatebrenemidile?are they shaking? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentebrenmeymemi? tebrenmeymime?aren't I shaking? | sentebrenmeymise?aren't you shaking? | oltebrenmeymidi?isn't he shaking? | biztebrenmeybizmi? tebrenmeymibiz?aren't we shaking? | siztebrenmeymisiz?aren't you all shaking? | alatebrenmeymidile?aren't they shaking? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentebreniwçenmeI usually shake | sentebreniwçenseyou usually shake | oltebreniwçendihe usually shakes | biztebreniwçenbizwe usually shake | siztebreniwçensizyou all usually shake | alatebreniwçendilethey usually shake |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentebrenmewçenmeI usually don't shake | sentebrenmewçenseyou usually don't shake | oltebrenmewçendihe usually doesn't shake | biztebrenmewçenbizwe usually don't shake | siztebrenmewçensizyou all usually don't shake | alatebrenmewçendilethey usually don't shake |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentebreniwçenmemi? tebreniwçenmime?do I usually shake? | sentebreniwçenmise?do you usually shake? | oltebreniwçenmidi?does he usually shake? | biztebreniwçenbizmi? tebreniwçenmibiz?do we usually shake? | siztebreniwçenmisiz?do you all usually shake? | alatebreniwçenmidile?do they usually shake? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentebrenmewçenmemi? tebrenmewçenmime?do I usually not shake? | sentebrenmewçenmise?do you usually not shake? | oltebrenmewçenmidi?does he usually not shake? | biztebrenmewçenbizmi? tebrenmewçenmibiz?do we usually not shake? | siztebrenmewçenmisiz?do you all usually not shake? | alatebrenmewçenmidile?do they usually not shake? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oltebrenibdihe has shaken and remains so | alatebrenibdilethey have shaken and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oltebrenibmidi?has he shaken? | alatebrenibmidile?have they shaken? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentebrenib turamaI keep shaking | sentebrenib turasayou keep shaking | oltebrenib turadıhe keeps shaking | biztebrenib turabızwe keep shaking | siztebrenib turasızyou all keep shaking | alatebrenib turadılathey keep shaking |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentebrenib turmaymaI don't keep shaking | sentebrenib turmaysayou don't keep shaking | oltebrenib turmaydıhe doesn't keep shaking | biztebrenib turmaybızwe don't keep shaking | siztebrenib turmaysızyou all don't keep shaking | alatebrenib turmaydılathey don't keep shaking |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentebrenib turamamı? tebrenib turamıma?do I keep shaking? | sentebrenib turamısa?do you keep shaking? | oltebrenib turamıdı?does he keep shaking? | biztebrenib turabızmı? tebrenib turamıbız?do we keep shaking? | siztebrenib turamısız?do you all keep shaking? | alatebrenib turamıdıla?do they keep shaking? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentebrenib turmaymamı? tebrenib turmaymıma?don't I keep shaking? | sentebrenib turmaymısa?don't you keep shaking? | oltebrenib turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep shaking? | biztebrenib turmaybızmı? tebrenib turmaymıbız?don't we keep shaking? | siztebrenib turmaymısız?don't you all keep shaking? | alatebrenib turmaymıdıla?don't they keep shaking? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentebrene turamaI am in the middle of shaking | sentebrene turasayou are in the middle of shaking | oltebrene turadıhe is in the middle of shaking | biztebrene turabızwe are in the middle of shaking | siztebrene turasızyou all are in the middle of shaking | alatebrene turadılathey are in the middle of shaking |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentebrene turmaymaI am not in the middle of shaking | sentebrene turmaysayou are not in the middle of shaking | oltebrene turmaydıhe is not in the middle of shaking | biztebrene turmaybızwe are not in the middle of shaking | siztebrene turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of shaking | alatebrene turmaydılathey are not in the middle of shaking |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentebrene turamamı? tebrene turamıma?am I in the middle of shaking? | sentebrene turamısa?are you in the middle of shaking? | oltebrene turamıdı?is he in the middle of shaking? | biztebrene turabızmı? tebrene turamıbız?are we in the middle of shaking? | siztebrene turamısız?are you all in the middle of shaking? | alatebrene turamıdıla?are they in the middle of shaking? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentebrene turmaymamı? tebrene turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of shaking? | sentebrene turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of shaking? | oltebrene turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of shaking? | biztebrene turmaybızmı? tebrene turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of shaking? | siztebrene turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of shaking? | alatebrene turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of shaking? |
| Simple past (definite) | mentebrendimI shook | sentebrendiŋyou shook | oltebrendihe shook | biztebrendikwe shook | siztebrendigizyou all shook | alatebrendilethey shook |
| Simple past (definite) | mentebrenmedimI didn't shake | sentebrenmediŋyou didn't shake | oltebrenmedihe didn't shake | biztebrenmedikwe didn't shake | siztebrenmedigizyou all didn't shake | alatebrenmedilethey didn't shake |
| Simple past (definite) | mentebrendimmi?did I shake? | sentebrendiŋmi?did you shake? | oltebrendimi?did he shake? | biztebrendikmi?did we shake? | siztebrendigizmi?did you all shake? | alatebrendilemi?did they shake? |
| Simple past (definite) | mentebrenmedimmi?didn't I shake? | sentebrenmediŋmi?didn't you shake? | oltebrenmedimi?didn't he shake? | biztebrenmedikmi?didn't we shake? | siztebrenmedigizmi?didn't you all shake? | alatebrenmedilemi?didn't they shake? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentebrenŋenmeI have shaken | sentebrenŋenseyou have shaken | oltebrenŋendihe has shaken | biztebrenŋenbizwe have shaken | siztebrenŋensizyou all have shaken | alatebrenŋendilethey have shaken |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentebrenmegenmeI haven't shaken | sentebrenmegenseyou haven't shaken | oltebrenmegendihe hasn't shaken | biztebrenmegenbizwe haven't shaken | siztebrenmegensizyou all haven't shaken | alatebrenmegendilethey haven't shaken |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentebrenŋenmemi? tebrenŋenmime?have I shaken? | sentebrenŋenmise?have you shaken? | oltebrenŋenmidi?has he shaken? | biztebrenŋenbizmi? tebrenŋenmibiz?have we shaken? | siztebrenŋenmisiz?have you all shaken? | alatebrenŋenmidile?have they shaken? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentebrenmegenmemi? tebrenmegenmime?haven't I shaken? | sentebrenmegenmise?haven't you shaken? | oltebrenmegenmidi?hasn't he shaken? | biztebrenmegenbizmi? tebrenmegenmibiz?haven't we shaken? | siztebrenmegenmisiz?haven't you all shaken? | alatebrenmegenmidile?haven't they shaken? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mentebrenib turdumI kept shaking | sentebrenib turduŋyou kept shaking | oltebrenib turduhe kept shaking | biztebrenib turduqwe kept shaking | siztebrenib turduğuzyou all kept shaking | alatebrenib turdulathey kept shaking |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mentebrenib turmadımI didn't keep shaking | sentebrenib turmadıŋyou didn't keep shaking | oltebrenib turmadıhe didn't keep shaking | biztebrenib turmadıqwe didn't keep shaking | siztebrenib turmadığızyou all didn't keep shaking | alatebrenib turmadılathey didn't keep shaking |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentebrenirmeI will shake | sentebrenirseyou will shake | oltebrenirhe will shake | biztebrenirbizwe will shake | siztebrenirsizyou all will shake | alatebrenirlethey will shake |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentebrenmezmeI won't shake | sentebrenmezseyou won't shake | oltebrenmezhe won't shake | biztebrenmezbizwe won't shake | siztebrenmezsizyou all won't shake | alatebrenmezlethey won't shake |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentebrenirmemi? tebrenirmime?will I shake? | sentebrenirmise?will you shake? | oltebrenirmi?will he shake? | biztebrenirbizmi? tebrenirmibiz?will we shake? | siztebrenirmisiz?will you all shake? | alatebrenirlemi? tebrenirmile?will they shake? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentebrenmezmemi? tebrenmezmime?won't I shake? | sentebrenmezmise?won't you shake? | oltebrenmezmi?won't he shake? | biztebrenmezbizmi? tebrenmezmibiz?won't we shake? | siztebrenmezmisiz?won't you all shake? | alatebrenmezlemi? tebrenmezmile?won't they shake? |
| Definite future (future II) | mentebrennikme1tebrenirikmeI am going to shake | sentebrennikse1tebrenirikseyou are going to shake | oltebrennikdi1tebrenirikdihe is going to shake | biztebrennikbiz1tebrenirikbizwe are going to shake | siztebrenniksiz1tebreniriksizyou all are going to shake | alatebrennikdile1tebrenirikdilethey are going to shake |
| Definite future (future II) | mentebrennik tülme1tebrenirik tülmeI am not going to shake | sentebrennik tülse1tebrenirik tülseyou are not going to shake | oltebrennik tüldü1tebrenirik tüldühe is not going to shake | biztebrennik tülbüz1tebrenirik tülbüzwe are not going to shake | siztebrennik tülsüz1tebrenirik tülsüzyou all are not going to shake | alatebrennik tüldüle1tebrenirik tüldülethey are not going to shake |
| Definite future (future II) | mentebrennikmemi?1 tebrennikmime?tebrenirikmemi?am I going to shake? | sentebrennikmise?1tebrenirikmise?are you going to shake? | oltebrennikmidi?1tebrenirikmidi?is he going to shake? | biztebrennikbizmi?1 tebrennikmibiz?tebrenirikbizmi?are we going to shake? | siztebrennikmisiz?1tebrenirikmisiz?are you all going to shake? | alatebrennikmidile?1tebrenirikmidile?are they going to shake? |
| Definite future (future II) | mentebrennik tülmüme?1tebrenirik tülmüme?aren't I going to shake? | sentebrennik tülmüse?1tebrenirik tülmüse?aren't you going to shake? | oltebrennik tülmüdü?1tebrenirik tülmüdü?isn't he going to shake? | biztebrennik tülmübüz?1tebrenirik tülmübüz?aren't we going to shake? | siztebrennik tülmüsüz?1tebrenirik tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to shake? | alatebrennik tülmüdüle?1tebrenirik tülmüdüle?aren't they going to shake? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Definite future (future II)full form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so tebrenirikdi
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mentebrenŋen edimtebrenŋenemI had shaken | sentebrenŋen ediŋtebrenŋeneŋyou had shaken | oltebrenŋen editebrenŋenedhe had shaken | biztebrenŋen ediktebrenŋenekwe had shaken | siztebrenŋen edigiztebrenŋenegizyou all had shaken | alatebrenŋen ediletebrenŋenellethey had shaken |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mentebrenmegen edimtebrenmegenemI hadn't shaken | sentebrenmegen ediŋtebrenmegeneŋyou hadn't shaken | oltebrenmegen editebrenmegenedhe hadn't shaken | biztebrenmegen ediktebrenmegenekwe hadn't shaken | siztebrenmegen edigiztebrenmegenegizyou all hadn't shaken | alatebrenmegen ediletebrenmegenellethey hadn't shaken |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mentebrene edimtebrenemI was shaking | sentebrene ediŋtebreneŋyou were shaking | oltebrene editebrenedhe was shaking | biztebrene ediktebrenekwe were shaking | siztebrene edigiztebrenegizyou all were shaking | alatebrene ediletebrenellethey were shaking |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mentebrenmey edimtebrenmeyemI wasn't shaking | sentebrenmey ediŋtebrenmeyeŋyou weren't shaking | oltebrenmey editebrenmeyedhe wasn't shaking | biztebrenmey ediktebrenmeyekwe weren't shaking | siztebrenmey edigiztebrenmeyegizyou all weren't shaking | alatebrenmey ediletebrenmeyellethey weren't shaking |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | mentebreniwçen edimtebreniwçenemI used to shake | sentebreniwçen ediŋtebreniwçeneŋyou used to shake | oltebreniwçen editebreniwçenedhe used to shake | biztebreniwçen ediktebreniwçenekwe used to shake | siztebreniwçen edigiztebreniwçenegizyou all used to shake | alatebreniwçen ediletebreniwçenellethey used to shake |
| Habitual past (used to) | mentebrenmewçen edimtebrenmewçenemI didn't use to shake | sentebrenmewçen ediŋtebrenmewçeneŋyou didn't use to shake | oltebrenmewçen editebrenmewçenedhe didn't use to shake | biztebrenmewçen ediktebrenmewçenekwe didn't use to shake | siztebrenmewçen edigiztebrenmewçenegizyou all didn't use to shake | alatebrenmewçen ediletebrenmewçenellethey didn't use to shake |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oltebrenib edihe had shaken and remained so | alatebrenib edilethey had shaken and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oltebrenib tül edihe hadn't shaken | alatebrenib tül edilethey hadn't shaken | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mentebrenib tura edimtebrenib turaemI had kept shaking | sentebrenib tura ediŋtebrenib turaeŋyou had kept shaking | oltebrenib tura editebrenib turaedhe had kept shaking | biztebrenib tura ediktebrenib turaekwe had kept shaking | siztebrenib tura edigiztebrenib turaegizyou all had kept shaking | alatebrenib tura ediletebrenib turaellethey had kept shaking |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mentebrenib turmay edimtebrenib turmayemI hadn't kept shaking | sentebrenib turmay ediŋtebrenib turmayeŋyou hadn't kept shaking | oltebrenib turmay editebrenib turmayedhe hadn't kept shaking | biztebrenib turmay ediktebrenib turmayekwe hadn't kept shaking | siztebrenib turmay edigiztebrenib turmayegizyou all hadn't kept shaking | alatebrenib turmay ediletebrenib turmayellethey hadn't kept shaking |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mentebrene tura edimtebrene turaemI was in the middle of shaking | sentebrene tura ediŋtebrene turaeŋyou were in the middle of shaking | oltebrene tura editebrene turaedhe was in the middle of shaking | biztebrene tura ediktebrene turaekwe were in the middle of shaking | siztebrene tura edigiztebrene turaegizyou all were in the middle of shaking | alatebrene tura ediletebrene turaellethey were in the middle of shaking |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mentebrene turmay edimtebrene turmayemI wasn't in the middle of shaking | sentebrene turmay ediŋtebrene turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of shaking | oltebrene turmay editebrene turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of shaking | biztebrene turmay ediktebrene turmayekwe weren't in the middle of shaking | siztebrene turmay edigiztebrene turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of shaking | alatebrene turmay ediletebrene turmayellethey weren't in the middle of shaking |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | mentebrenir edimtebrenir emI would shake | sentebrenir ediŋtebrenir eŋyou would shake | oltebrenir editebrenir edhe would shake | biztebrenir ediktebrenir ekwe would shake | siztebrenir edigiztebrenir egizyou all would shake | alatebrenir ediletebrenir ellethey would shake |
| Conditional result (would) | mentebrenmez edimtebrenmez emI wouldn't shake | sentebrenmez ediŋtebrenmez eŋyou wouldn't shake | oltebrenmez editebrenmez edhe wouldn't shake | biztebrenmez ediktebrenmez ekwe wouldn't shake | siztebrenmez edigiztebrenmez egizyou all wouldn't shake | alatebrenmez ediletebrenmez ellethey wouldn't shake |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | mentebrennik edim2tebrennik emtebrenirik edimI would have shaken | sentebrennik ediŋ2tebrennik eŋtebrenirik ediŋyou would have shaken | oltebrennik edi2tebrennik edtebrenirik edihe would have shaken | biztebrennik edik2tebrennik ektebrenirik edikwe would have shaken | siztebrennik edigiz2tebrennik egiztebrenirik edigizyou all would have shaken | alatebrennik edile2tebrennik elletebrenirik edilethey would have shaken |
| Past conditional result (would have) | mentebrennik tül edim2tebrennik tül emtebrenirik tül edimI wouldn't have shaken | sentebrennik tül ediŋ2tebrennik tül eŋtebrenirik tül ediŋyou wouldn't have shaken | oltebrennik tül edi2tebrennik tül edtebrenirik tül edihe wouldn't have shaken | biztebrennik tül edik2tebrennik tül ektebrenirik tül edikwe wouldn't have shaken | siztebrennik tül edigiz2tebrennik tül egiztebrenirik tül edigizyou all wouldn't have shaken | alatebrennik tül edile2tebrennik tül elletebrenirik tül edilethey wouldn't have shaken |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
- Past conditional result (would have)full form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so tebrenirik edi
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | mentebrensemif I shake | sentebrenseŋif you shake | oltebrenseif he shakes | biztebrensekif we shake | siztebrensegizif you all shake | alatebrenseleif they shake |
| Conditional | mentebrenmesemif I don't shake | sentebrenmeseŋif you don't shake | oltebrenmeseif he doesn't shake | biztebrenmesekif we don't shake | siztebrenmesegizif you all don't shake | alatebrenmeseleif they don't shake |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | mentebrene esemif I am shaking | sentebrene eseŋif you are shaking | oltebrene eseif he is shaking | biztebrene esekif we are shaking | siztebrene esegizif you all are shaking | alatebrene eseleif they are shaking |
| Conditional, present real | mentebrenmey esemif I am not shaking | sentebrenmey eseŋif you are not shaking | oltebrenmey eseif he is not shaking | biztebrenmey esekif we are not shaking | siztebrenmey esegizif you all are not shaking | alatebrenmey eseleif they are not shaking |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mentebrensem editebrensem edif only I shook | sentebrenseŋ editebrenseŋ edif only you shook | oltebrense editebrensedif only he shook | biztebrensek editebrensek edif only we shook | siztebrensegiz editebrensegiz edif only you all shook | alatebrensele editebrenseledif only they shook |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mentebrenmesem editebrenmesem edif only I didn't shake | sentebrenmeseŋ editebrenmeseŋ edif only you didn't shake | oltebrenmese editebrenmesedif only he didn't shake | biztebrenmesek editebrenmesek edif only we didn't shake | siztebrenmesegiz editebrenmesegiz edif only you all didn't shake | alatebrenmesele editebrenmeseledif only they didn't shake |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | mentebrenib tursamif I carry on shaking | sentebrenib tursaŋif you carry on shaking | oltebrenib tursaif he carries on shaking | biztebrenib tursaqif we carry on shaking | siztebrenib tursağızif you all carry on shaking | alatebrenib tursalaif they carry on shaking |
| Durative conditional | mentebrenib turmasamif I don't carry on shaking | sentebrenib turmasaŋif you don't carry on shaking | oltebrenib turmasaif he doesn't carry on shaking | biztebrenib turmasaqif we don't carry on shaking | siztebrenib turmasağızif you all don't carry on shaking | alatebrenib turmasalaif they don't carry on shaking |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | mentebrenib tura esemif I have kept shaking | sentebrenib tura eseŋif you have kept shaking | oltebrenib tura eseif he has kept shaking | biztebrenib tura esekif we have kept shaking | siztebrenib tura esegizif you all have kept shaking | alatebrenib tura eseleif they have kept shaking |
| Durative conditional, present real | mentebrenib turmay esemif I haven't kept shaking | sentebrenib turmay eseŋif you haven't kept shaking | oltebrenib turmay eseif he hasn't kept shaking | biztebrenib turmay esekif we haven't kept shaking | siztebrenib turmay esegizif you all haven't kept shaking | alatebrenib turmay eseleif they haven't kept shaking |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | mentebrene tursamif I keep shaking | sentebrene tursaŋif you keep shaking | oltebrene tursaif he keeps shaking | biztebrene tursaqif we keep shaking | siztebrene tursağızif you all keep shaking | alatebrene tursalaif they keep shaking |
| Progressive conditional | mentebrenmey tursamif I keep on not shaking | sentebrenmey tursaŋif you keep on not shaking | oltebrenmey tursaif he keeps on not shaking | biztebrenmey tursaqif we keep on not shaking | siztebrenmey tursağızif you all keep on not shaking | alatebrenmey tursalaif they keep on not shaking |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | mentebrene tura esemif I am in the middle of shaking | sentebrene tura eseŋif you are in the middle of shaking | oltebrene tura eseif he is in the middle of shaking | biztebrene tura esekif we are in the middle of shaking | siztebrene tura esegizif you all are in the middle of shaking | alatebrene tura eseleif they are in the middle of shaking |
| Progressive conditional, present real | mentebrenmey tura esemif I keep on not shaking | sentebrenmey tura eseŋif you keep on not shaking | oltebrenmey tura eseif he keeps on not shaking | biztebrenmey tura esekif we keep on not shaking | siztebrenmey tura esegizif you all keep on not shaking | alatebrenmey tura eseleif they keep on not shaking |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past3 | mentebrendim esemif I shook | sentebrendiŋ eseŋif you shook | oltebrendi eseif he shook | biztebrendik esekif we shook | siztebrendigiz esegizif you all shook | alatebrendile eseleif they shook |
| Conditional, definite past3 | mentebrenmedim esemif I didn't shake | sentebrenmediŋ eseŋif you didn't shake | oltebrenmedi eseif he didn't shake | biztebrenmedik esekif we didn't shake | siztebrenmedigiz esegizif you all didn't shake | alatebrenmedile eseleif they didn't shake |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | mentebrenŋen esemif I did shake (indeed) | sentebrenŋen eseŋif you did shake (indeed) | oltebrenŋen eseif he did shake (indeed) | biztebrenŋen esekif we did shake (indeed) | siztebrenŋen esegizif you all did shake (indeed) | alatebrenŋen eseleif they did shake (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | mentebrenmegen esemif I didn't shake (indeed) | sentebrenmegen eseŋif you didn't shake (indeed) | oltebrenmegen eseif he didn't shake (indeed) | biztebrenmegen esekif we didn't shake (indeed) | siztebrenmegen esegizif you all didn't shake (indeed) | alatebrenmegen eseleif they didn't shake (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | mentebrenŋen bolsamif I had shaken | sentebrenŋen bolsaŋif you had shaken | oltebrenŋen bolsaif he had shaken | biztebrenŋen bolsaqif we had shaken | siztebrenŋen bolsağızif you all had shaken | alatebrenŋen bolsalaif they had shaken |
| Conditional, counterfactual | mentebrenmegen bolsamif I hadn't shaken | sentebrenmegen bolsaŋif you hadn't shaken | oltebrenmegen bolsaif he hadn't shaken | biztebrenmegen bolsaqif we hadn't shaken | siztebrenmegen bolsağızif you all hadn't shaken | alatebrenmegen bolsalaif they hadn't shaken |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mentebrenŋen bolsam editebrenŋen bolsam edif only I had shaken | sentebrenŋen bolsaŋ editebrenŋen bolsaŋ edif only you had shaken | oltebrenŋen bolsa editebrenŋen bolsaedif only he had shaken | biztebrenŋen bolsaq editebrenŋen bolsaq edif only we had shaken | siztebrenŋen bolsağız editebrenŋen bolsağız edif only you all had shaken | alatebrenŋen bolsala editebrenŋen bolsalaedif only they had shaken |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mentebrenmegen bolsam editebrenmegen bolsam edif only I hadn't shaken | sentebrenmegen bolsaŋ editebrenmegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't shaken | oltebrenmegen bolsa editebrenmegen bolsaedif only he hadn't shaken | biztebrenmegen bolsaq editebrenmegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't shaken | siztebrenmegen bolsağız editebrenmegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't shaken | alatebrenmegen bolsala editebrenmegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't shaken |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | mentebrenir esemif I will shake | sentebrenir eseŋif you will shake | oltebrenir eseif he will shake | biztebrenir esekif we will shake | siztebrenir esegizif you all will shake | alatebrenir eseleif they will shake |
| Conditional, aorist | mentebrenmez esemif I won't shake | sentebrenmez eseŋif you won't shake | oltebrenmez eseif he won't shake | biztebrenmez esekif we won't shake | siztebrenmez esegizif you all won't shake | alatebrenmez eseleif they won't shake |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | mentebrennik esem4tebrenirik esemif I am going to shake | sentebrennik eseŋ4tebrenirik eseŋif you are going to shake | oltebrennik ese4tebrenirik eseif he is going to shake | biztebrennik esek4tebrenirik esekif we are going to shake | siztebrennik esegiz4tebrenirik esegizif you all are going to shake | alatebrennik esele4tebrenirik eseleif they are going to shake |
| Conditional, future | mentebrennik tül esem4tebrenirik tül esemif I am not going to shake | sentebrennik tül eseŋ4tebrenirik tül eseŋif you are not going to shake | oltebrennik tül ese4tebrenirik tül eseif he is not going to shake | biztebrennik tül esek4tebrenirik tül esekif we are not going to shake | siztebrennik tül esegiz4tebrenirik tül esegizif you all are not going to shake | alatebrennik tül esele4tebrenirik tül eseleif they are not going to shake |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mentebrennik bolsam5tebrenirik bolsamif I were going to shake | sentebrennik bolsaŋ5tebrenirik bolsaŋif you were going to shake | oltebrennik bolsa5tebrenirik bolsaif he were going to shake | biztebrennik bolsaq5tebrenirik bolsaqif we were going to shake | siztebrennik bolsağız5tebrenirik bolsağızif you all were going to shake | alatebrennik bolsala5tebrenirik bolsalaif they were going to shake |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mentebrenmezlik bolsamif I were not going to shake | sentebrenmezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to shake | oltebrenmezlik bolsaif he were not going to shake | biztebrenmezlik bolsaqif we were not going to shake | siztebrenmezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to shake | alatebrenmezlik bolsalaif they were not going to shake |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso tebrendiŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
- Conditional, futurefull form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so tebrenirik ese
- Conditional, counterfactual futurefull form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so tebrenirik bolsa
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mentebrene bolurmaI must be shaking | sentebrene bolursayou must be shaking | oltebrene bolurhe must be shaking | biztebrene bolurbuzwe must be shaking | siztebrene bolursuzyou all must be shaking | alatebrene bolurlathey must be shaking |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mentebrenmey bolurmaI must not be shaking | sentebrenmey bolursayou must not be shaking | oltebrenmey bolurhe must not be shaking | biztebrenmey bolurbuzwe must not be shaking | siztebrenmey bolursuzyou all must not be shaking | alatebrenmey bolurlathey must not be shaking |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mentebrene tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of shaking | sentebrene tura bolursayou must be in the middle of shaking | oltebrene tura bolurhe must be in the middle of shaking | biztebrene tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of shaking | siztebrene tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of shaking | alatebrene tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of shaking |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mentebrenmey tura bolurmaI must keep on not shaking | sentebrenmey tura bolursayou must keep on not shaking | oltebrenmey tura bolurhe must keep on not shaking | biztebrenmey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not shaking | siztebrenmey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not shaking | alatebrenmey tura bolurlathey must keep on not shaking |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | mentebrenŋen bolurmaI must have shaken | sentebrenŋen bolursayou must have shaken | oltebrenŋen bolurhe must have shaken | biztebrenŋen bolurbuzwe must have shaken | siztebrenŋen bolursuzyou all must have shaken | alatebrenŋen bolurlathey must have shaken |
| Inference (must have) | mentebrenmegen bolurmaI must not have shaken | sentebrenmegen bolursayou must not have shaken | oltebrenmegen bolurhe must not have shaken | biztebrenmegen bolurbuzwe must not have shaken | siztebrenmegen bolursuzyou all must not have shaken | alatebrenmegen bolurlathey must not have shaken |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mentebrennik bolurma6tebrenirik bolurmaI must be going to shake | sentebrennik bolursa6tebrenirik bolursayou must be going to shake | oltebrennik bolur6tebrenirik bolurhe must be going to shake | biztebrennik bolurbuz6tebrenirik bolurbuzwe must be going to shake | siztebrennik bolursuz6tebrenirik bolursuzyou all must be going to shake | alatebrennik bolurla6tebrenirik bolurlathey must be going to shake |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mentebrenmezlik bolurmaI must not be going to shake | sentebrenmezlik bolursayou must not be going to shake | oltebrenmezlik bolurhe must not be going to shake | biztebrenmezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to shake | siztebrenmezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to shake | alatebrenmezlik bolurlathey must not be going to shake |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Inference, future (must be going to)full form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so tebrenirik bolur
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | mentebreneyimlet me shake | sentebren!shake! | oltebrensinlet him shake | biztebreneyiklet's shake | siztebrenigiz!shake, you all! | alatebrensinlelet them shake |
| Commands & suggestions | mentebrenmeyimlet me not shake | sentebrenme!don't shake! | oltebrenmesinlet him not shake | biztebrenmeyiklet's not shake | siztebrenmegiz!don't shake, you all! | alatebrenmesinlelet them not shake |
| Commands & suggestions | mentebreneyimmi?shall I shake? | oltebrensinmi?should he shake? | biztebreneyikmi?shall we shake? | alatebrensinlemi?should they shake? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | mentebrenmeyimmi?shall I not shake? | oltebrenmesinmi?should he not shake? | biztebrenmeyikmi?shall we not shake? | alatebrenmesinlemi?should they not shake? | ||
| Requests | sentebrençi7tebrençinplease shake | oltebrensinçido let him shake | siztebrençigizplease shake (plural/polite) | alatebrensinleçido let them shake | ||
| Requests | sentebrenmeçi7tebrenmeçinplease don't shake | oltebrenmesinçido let him not shake | siztebrenmeçigizplease don't shake (plural/polite) | alatebrenmesinleçido let them not shake | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sentebrenŋintebrenŋimay you shake | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sentebrenmegintebrenmegimay you not shake | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mentebrenŋey edim tebrenŋe edimwould that I shook | sentebrenŋey ediŋ tebrenŋe ediŋwould that you shook | oltebrenŋey edi tebrenŋe ediwould that he shook | biztebrenŋey edik tebrenŋe edikwould that we shook | siztebrenŋey edigiz tebrenŋe edigizwould that you all shook | alatebrenŋey edile tebrenŋe edilewould that they shook |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mentebrenmegey edim tebrenmege edimwould that I did not shake | sentebrenmegey ediŋ tebrenmege ediŋwould that you did not shake | oltebrenmegey edi tebrenmege ediwould that he did not shake | biztebrenmegey edik tebrenmege edikwould that we did not shake | siztebrenmegey edigiz tebrenmege edigizwould that you all did not shake | alatebrenmegey edile tebrenmege edilewould that they did not shake |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | mentebrenmege qoyayımtebrenme qoyayımlet me allow someone to shake | sentebrenmege qoy!tebrenme qoy!let someone shake! | oltebrenmege qoysuntebrenme qoysunlet him allow someone to shake | biztebrenmege qoyayıqtebrenme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to shake | siztebrenmege qoyuğuz!tebrenme qoyuğuz!let someone shake, you all! | alatebrenmege qoysunlatebrenme qoysunlalet them allow someone to shake |
| Let someone… (commands) | mentebrenmege qoymayımtebrenme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to shake | sentebrenmege qoyma!tebrenme qoyma!don't let someone shake! | oltebrenmege qoymasıntebrenme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to shake | biztebrenmege qoymayıqtebrenme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to shake | siztebrenmege qoymağız!tebrenme qoymağız!don't let someone shake, you all! | alatebrenmege qoymasınlatebrenme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to shake |
| Let someone… (commands) | mentebrenmege qoyayımmı?tebrenme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to shake? | oltebrenmege qoysunmu?tebrenme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to shake? | biztebrenmege qoyayıqmı?tebrenme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to shake? | alatebrenmege qoysunlamı?tebrenme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to shake? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | mentebrenmege qoymayımmı?tebrenme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to shake? | oltebrenmege qoymasınmı?tebrenme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to shake? | biztebrenmege qoymayıqmı?tebrenme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to shake? | alatebrenmege qoymasınlamı?tebrenme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to shake? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | mentebrenmege qoyamatebrenme qoyamaI allow someone to shake | sentebrenmege qoyasatebrenme qoyasayou allow someone to shake | oltebrenmege qoyadıtebrenme qoyadıhe allows someone to shake | biztebrenmege qoyabıztebrenme qoyabızwe allow someone to shake | siztebrenmege qoyasıztebrenme qoyasızyou all allow someone to shake | alatebrenmege qoyadılatebrenme qoyadılathey allow someone to shake |
| Let someone… (present) | mentebrenmege qoymaymatebrenme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to shake | sentebrenmege qoymaysatebrenme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to shake | oltebrenmege qoymaydıtebrenme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to shake | biztebrenmege qoymaybıztebrenme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to shake | siztebrenmege qoymaysıztebrenme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to shake | alatebrenmege qoymaydılatebrenme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to shake |
| Let someone… (present) | mentebrenmege qoyamamı?tebrenme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to shake? | sentebrenmege qoyamısa?tebrenme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to shake? | oltebrenmege qoyamıdı?tebrenme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to shake? | biztebrenmege qoyabızmı?tebrenme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to shake? | siztebrenmege qoyamısız?tebrenme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to shake? | alatebrenmege qoyamıdıla?tebrenme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to shake? |
| Let someone… (present) | mentebrenmege qoymaymamı?tebrenme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to shake? | sentebrenmege qoymaymısa?tebrenme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to shake? | oltebrenmege qoymaymıdı?tebrenme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to shake? | biztebrenmege qoymaybızmı?tebrenme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to shake? | siztebrenmege qoymaymısız?tebrenme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to shake? | alatebrenmege qoymaymıdıla?tebrenme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to shake? |
| Let someone… (past) | mentebrenmege qoydumtebrenme qoydumI allowed someone to shake | sentebrenmege qoyduŋtebrenme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to shake | oltebrenmege qoydutebrenme qoyduhe allowed someone to shake | biztebrenmege qoyduqtebrenme qoyduqwe allowed someone to shake | siztebrenmege qoyduğuztebrenme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to shake | alatebrenmege qoydulatebrenme qoydulathey allowed someone to shake |
| Let someone… (past) | mentebrenmege qoymadımtebrenme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to shake | sentebrenmege qoymadıŋtebrenme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to shake | oltebrenmege qoymadıtebrenme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to shake | biztebrenmege qoymadıqtebrenme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to shake | siztebrenmege qoymadığıztebrenme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to shake | alatebrenmege qoymadılatebrenme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to shake |
| Let someone… (past) | mentebrenmege qoydummu?tebrenme qoydummu?did I allow someone to shake? | sentebrenmege qoyduŋmu?tebrenme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to shake? | oltebrenmege qoydumu?tebrenme qoydumu?did he allow someone to shake? | biztebrenmege qoyduqmu?tebrenme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to shake? | siztebrenmege qoyduğuzmu?tebrenme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to shake? | alatebrenmege qoydulamı?tebrenme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to shake? |
| Let someone… (past) | mentebrenmege qoymadımmı?tebrenme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to shake? | sentebrenmege qoymadıŋmı?tebrenme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to shake? | oltebrenmege qoymadımı?tebrenme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to shake? | biztebrenmege qoymadıqmı?tebrenme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to shake? | siztebrenmege qoymadığızmı?tebrenme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to shake? | alatebrenmege qoymadılamı?tebrenme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to shake? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | mentebrenalamaI can shake | sentebrenalasayou can shake | oltebrenaladıhe can shake | biztebrenalabızwe can shake | siztebrenalasızyou all can shake | alatebrenaladılathey can shake |
| Ability — present | mentebrenalmaymaI can't shake | sentebrenalmaysayou can't shake | oltebrenalmaydıhe can't shake | biztebrenalmaybızwe can't shake | siztebrenalmaysızyou all can't shake | alatebrenalmaydılathey can't shake |
| Ability — present | mentebrenalamamı? tebrenalamıma?can I shake? | sentebrenalamısa?can you shake? | oltebrenalamıdı?can he shake? | biztebrenalabızmı? tebrenalamıbız?can we shake? | siztebrenalamısız?can you all shake? | alatebrenalamıdıla?can they shake? |
| Ability — present | mentebrenalmaymamı? tebrenalmaymıma?can't I shake? | sentebrenalmaymısa?can't you shake? | oltebrenalmaymıdı?can't he shake? | biztebrenalmaybızmı? tebrenalmaymıbız?can't we shake? | siztebrenalmaymısız?can't you all shake? | alatebrenalmaymıdıla?can't they shake? |
| Ability — if I can… | mentebrenalsamif I can shake | sentebrenalsaŋif you can shake | oltebrenalsaif he can shake | biztebrenalsaqif we can shake | siztebrenalsağızif you all can shake | alatebrenalsalaif they can shake |
| Ability — if I can… | mentebrenalmasamif I can't shake | sentebrenalmasaŋif you can't shake | oltebrenalmasaif he can't shake | biztebrenalmasaqif we can't shake | siztebrenalmasağızif you all can't shake | alatebrenalmasalaif they can't shake |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | mentebrenaldımI was able to shake | sentebrenaldıŋyou were able to shake | oltebrenaldıhe was able to shake | biztebrenaldıqwe were able to shake | siztebrenaldığızyou all were able to shake | alatebrenaldılathey were able to shake |
| Ability — simple past | mentebrenalmadımI could not shake | sentebrenalmadıŋyou could not shake | oltebrenalmadıhe could not shake | biztebrenalmadıqwe could not shake | siztebrenalmadığızyou all could not shake | alatebrenalmadılathey could not shake |
| Ability — simple past | mentebrenaldımmı?was I able to shake? | sentebrenaldıŋmı?were you able to shake? | oltebrenaldımı?was he able to shake? | biztebrenaldıqmı?were we able to shake? | siztebrenaldığızmı?were you all able to shake? | alatebrenaldılamı?were they able to shake? |
| Ability — simple past | mentebrenalmadımmı?couldn't I shake? | sentebrenalmadıŋmı?couldn't you shake? | oltebrenalmadımı?couldn't he shake? | biztebrenalmadıqmı?couldn't we shake? | siztebrenalmadığızmı?couldn't you all shake? | alatebrenalmadılamı?couldn't they shake? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentebrenalğanmaI have been able to shake | sentebrenalğansayou have been able to shake | oltebrenalğandıhe has been able to shake | biztebrenalğanbızwe have been able to shake | siztebrenalğansızyou all have been able to shake | alatebrenalğandılathey have been able to shake |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentebrenalmağanmaI haven't been able to shake | sentebrenalmağansayou haven't been able to shake | oltebrenalmağandıhe hasn't been able to shake | biztebrenalmağanbızwe haven't been able to shake | siztebrenalmağansızyou all haven't been able to shake | alatebrenalmağandılathey haven't been able to shake |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentebrenalğanmamı? tebrenalğanmıma?have I been able to shake? | sentebrenalğanmısa?have you been able to shake? | oltebrenalğanmıdı?has he been able to shake? | biztebrenalğanbızmı? tebrenalğanmıbız?have we been able to shake? | siztebrenalğanmısız?have you all been able to shake? | alatebrenalğanmıdıla?have they been able to shake? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentebrenalmağanmamı? tebrenalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to shake? | sentebrenalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to shake? | oltebrenalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to shake? | biztebrenalmağanbızmı? tebrenalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to shake? | siztebrenalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to shake? | alatebrenalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to shake? |
| Ability — past perfect | mentebrenalğan edimtebrenalğanemI had been able to shake | sentebrenalğan ediŋtebrenalğaneŋyou had been able to shake | oltebrenalğan editebrenalğanedhe had been able to shake | biztebrenalğan ediktebrenalğanekwe had been able to shake | siztebrenalğan edigiztebrenalğanegizyou all had been able to shake | alatebrenalğan ediletebrenalğanellethey had been able to shake |
| Ability — past perfect | mentebrenalmağan edimtebrenalmağanemI hadn't been able to shake | sentebrenalmağan ediŋtebrenalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to shake | oltebrenalmağan editebrenalmağanedhe hadn't been able to shake | biztebrenalmağan ediktebrenalmağanekwe hadn't been able to shake | siztebrenalmağan edigiztebrenalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to shake | alatebrenalmağan ediletebrenalmağanellethey hadn't been able to shake |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | mentebrenala edimtebrenalaemI could shake | sentebrenala ediŋtebrenalaeŋyou could shake | oltebrenala editebrenalaedhe could shake | biztebrenala ediktebrenalaekwe could shake | siztebrenala edigiztebrenalaegizyou all could shake | alatebrenala ediletebrenalaellethey could shake |
| Ability — past background | mentebrenalmay edimtebrenalmayemI could not shake | sentebrenalmay ediŋtebrenalmayeŋyou could not shake | oltebrenalmay editebrenalmayedhe could not shake | biztebrenalmay ediktebrenalmayekwe could not shake | siztebrenalmay edigiztebrenalmayegizyou all could not shake | alatebrenalmay ediletebrenalmayellethey could not shake |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | mentebrenalırmaI will be able to shake | sentebrenalırsayou will be able to shake | oltebrenalırhe will be able to shake | biztebrenalırbızwe will be able to shake | siztebrenalırsızyou all will be able to shake | alatebrenalırlathey will be able to shake |
| Ability — future I | mentebrenalmazmaI won't be able to shake | sentebrenalmazsayou won't be able to shake | oltebrenalmazhe won't be able to shake | biztebrenalmazbızwe won't be able to shake | siztebrenalmazsızyou all won't be able to shake | alatebrenalmazlathey won't be able to shake |
| Ability — future I | mentebrenalırmamı? tebrenalırmıma?will I be able to shake? | sentebrenalırmısa?will you be able to shake? | oltebrenalırmı?will he be able to shake? | biztebrenalırbızmı? tebrenalırmıbız?will we be able to shake? | siztebrenalırmısız?will you all be able to shake? | alatebrenalırlamı? tebrenalırmıla?will they be able to shake? |
| Ability — future I | mentebrenalmazmamı? tebrenalmazmıma?won't I be able to shake? | sentebrenalmazmısa?won't you be able to shake? | oltebrenalmazmı?won't he be able to shake? | biztebrenalmazbızmı? tebrenalmazmıbız?won't we be able to shake? | siztebrenalmazmısız?won't you all be able to shake? | alatebrenalmazlamı? tebrenalmazmıla?won't they be able to shake? |
| Ability — future II | mentebrenallıqmaI am going to be able to shake | sentebrenallıqsayou are going to be able to shake | oltebrenallıqdıhe is going to be able to shake | biztebrenallıqbızwe are going to be able to shake | siztebrenallıqsızyou all are going to be able to shake | alatebrenallıqdılathey are going to be able to shake |
| Ability — future II | mentebrenallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to shake | sentebrenallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to shake | oltebrenallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to shake | biztebrenallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to shake | siztebrenallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to shake | alatebrenallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to shake |
| Ability — future II | mentebrenallıqmamı? tebrenallıqmıma?am I going to be able to shake? | sentebrenallıqmısa?are you going to be able to shake? | oltebrenallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to shake? | biztebrenallıqbızmı? tebrenallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to shake? | siztebrenallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to shake? | alatebrenallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to shake? |
| Ability — future II | mentebrenallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to shake? | sentebrenallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to shake? | oltebrenallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to shake? | biztebrenallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to shake? | siztebrenallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to shake? | alatebrenallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to shake? |
| Ability — would be able to… | mentebrenalır edimtebrenalır emI would be able to shake | sentebrenalır ediŋtebrenalır eŋyou would be able to shake | oltebrenalır editebrenalır edhe would be able to shake | biztebrenalır ediktebrenalır ekwe would be able to shake | siztebrenalır edigiztebrenalır egizyou all would be able to shake | alatebrenalır ediletebrenalır ellethey would be able to shake |
| Ability — would be able to… | mentebrenalmaz edimtebrenalmaz emI wouldn't be able to shake | sentebrenalmaz ediŋtebrenalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to shake | oltebrenalmaz editebrenalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to shake | biztebrenalmaz ediktebrenalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to shake | siztebrenalmaz edigiztebrenalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to shake | alatebrenalmaz ediletebrenalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to shake |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sentebrenalğıntebrenalğımay you be able to shake | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sentebrenalmağıntebrenalmağımay you not be able to shake | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | mentebrenirge izleymeI want to shake | sentebrenirge izleyseyou want to shake | oltebrenirge izleydihe wants to shake | biztebrenirge izleybizwe want to shake | siztebrenirge izleysizyou all want to shake | alatebrenirge izleydilethey want to shake |
| want to | mentebrenirge izlemeymeI do not want to shake | sentebrenirge izlemeyseyou do not want to shake | oltebrenirge izlemeydihe does not want to shake | biztebrenirge izlemeybizwe do not want to shake | siztebrenirge izlemeysizyou all do not want to shake | alatebrenirge izlemeydilethey do not want to shake |
| would like to | mentebrenirge süemeI would like to shake | sentebrenirge süeseyou would like to shake | oltebrenirge süedihe would like to shake | biztebrenirge süebizwe would like to shake | siztebrenirge süesizyou all would like to shake | alatebrenirge süedilethey would like to shake |
| would like to | mentebrenirge süymeymeI would not like to shake | sentebrenirge süymeyseyou would not like to shake | oltebrenirge süymeydihe would not like to shake | biztebrenirge süymeybizwe would not like to shake | siztebrenirge süymeysizyou all would not like to shake | alatebrenirge süymeydilethey would not like to shake |
| hope to | mentebrenirge umutlanamaI hope to shake | sentebrenirge umutlanasayou hope to shake | oltebrenirge umutlanadıhe hopes to shake | biztebrenirge umutlanabızwe hope to shake | siztebrenirge umutlanasızyou all hope to shake | alatebrenirge umutlanadılathey hope to shake |
| hope to | mentebrenirge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to shake | sentebrenirge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to shake | oltebrenirge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to shake | biztebrenirge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to shake | siztebrenirge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to shake | alatebrenirge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to shake |
| be about to | mentebrenirge deb turamaI am about to shake | sentebrenirge deb turasayou are about to shake | oltebrenirge deb turadıhe is about to shake | biztebrenirge deb turabızwe are about to shake | siztebrenirge deb turasızyou all are about to shake | alatebrenirge deb turadılathey are about to shake |
| be about to | mentebrenirge deb turmaymaI am not about to shake | sentebrenirge deb turmaysayou are not about to shake | oltebrenirge deb turmaydıhe is not about to shake | biztebrenirge deb turmaybızwe are not about to shake | siztebrenirge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to shake | alatebrenirge deb turmaydılathey are not about to shake |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | mentebrenirge kerekmeI need to shake | sentebrenirge kerekseyou need to shake | oltebrenirge kerekdihe needs to shake | biztebrenirge kerekbizwe need to shake | siztebrenirge kereksizyou all need to shake | alatebrenirge kerekdilethey need to shake |
| need to | mentebrenirge kerek tülmeI do not need to shake | sentebrenirge kerek tülseyou do not need to shake | oltebrenirge kerek tüldühe does not need to shake | biztebrenirge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to shake | siztebrenirge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to shake | alatebrenirge kerek tüldülethey do not need to shake |
| have to | menmenŋe tebrenirge tüşediI have to shake | sensenŋe tebrenirge tüşediyou have to shake | olaŋa tebrenirge tüşedihe has to shake | bizbizge tebrenirge tüşediwe have to shake | sizsizge tebrenirge tüşediyou all have to shake | alaalağa tebrenirge tüşedithey have to shake |
| have to | menmenŋe tebrenirge tüşmeydiI do not have to shake | sensenŋe tebrenirge tüşmeydiyou do not have to shake | olaŋa tebrenirge tüşmeydihe does not have to shake | bizbizge tebrenirge tüşmeydiwe do not have to shake | sizsizge tebrenirge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to shake | alaalağa tebrenirge tüşmeydithey do not have to shake |
| be obliged to | mentebrenirge borçlumaI am obliged to shake | sentebrenirge borçlusayou are obliged to shake | oltebrenirge borçluduhe is obliged to shake | biztebrenirge borçlubuzwe are obliged to shake | siztebrenirge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to shake | alatebrenirge borçludulathey are obliged to shake |
| be obliged to | mentebrenirge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to shake | sentebrenirge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to shake | oltebrenirge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to shake | biztebrenirge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to shake | siztebrenirge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to shake | alatebrenirge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to shake |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | mentebrenirge madarım bardıI have a way to shake | sentebrenirge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to shake | oltebrenirge madarı bardıhe has a way to shake | biztebrenirge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to shake | siztebrenirge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to shake | alatebrenirge madarları bardıthey have a way to shake |
| have a way to | mentebrenirge madarım joqduI have no way to shake | sentebrenirge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to shake | oltebrenirge madarı joqduhe has no way to shake | biztebrenirge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to shake | siztebrenirge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to shake | alatebrenirge madarları joqduthey have no way to shake |
| be free to | mentebrenirge erkinligim bardıI am free to shake | sentebrenirge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to shake | oltebrenirge erkinligi bardıhe is free to shake | biztebrenirge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to shake | siztebrenirge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to shake | alatebrenirge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to shake |
| be free to | mentebrenirge erkinligim joqduI am not free to shake | sentebrenirge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to shake | oltebrenirge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to shake | biztebrenirge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to shake | siztebrenirge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to shake | alatebrenirge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to shake |
| be possible to | menmenŋe tebrenirge bolluqduit is possible for me to shake | sensenŋe tebrenirge bolluqduit is possible for you to shake | olaŋa tebrenirge bolluqduit is possible for him to shake | bizbizge tebrenirge bolluqduit is possible for us to shake | sizsizge tebrenirge bolluqduit is possible for you all to shake | alaalağa tebrenirge bolluqduit is possible for them to shake |
| be possible to | menmenŋe tebrenirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to shake | sensenŋe tebrenirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to shake | olaŋa tebrenirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to shake | bizbizge tebrenirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to shake | sizsizge tebrenirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to shake | alaalağa tebrenirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to shake |
| be ready to | mentebrenirge hazırmaI am ready to shake | sentebrenirge hazırsayou are ready to shake | oltebrenirge hazırdıhe is ready to shake | biztebrenirge hazırbızwe are ready to shake | siztebrenirge hazırsızyou all are ready to shake | alatebrenirge hazırdılathey are ready to shake |
| be ready to | mentebrenirge hazır tülmeI am not ready to shake | sentebrenirge hazır tülseyou are not ready to shake | oltebrenirge hazır tüldühe is not ready to shake | biztebrenirge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to shake | siztebrenirge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to shake | alatebrenirge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to shake |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | mentebrenirge küreşemeI am trying to shake | sentebrenirge küreşeseyou are trying to shake | oltebrenirge küreşedihe is trying to shake | biztebrenirge küreşebizwe are trying to shake | siztebrenirge küreşesizyou all are trying to shake | alatebrenirge küreşedilethey are trying to shake |
| try to | mentebrenirge küreşmeymeI am not trying to shake | sentebrenirge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to shake | oltebrenirge küreşmeydihe is not trying to shake | biztebrenirge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to shake | siztebrenirge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to shake | alatebrenirge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to shake |
| agree to | mentebrenirge unaymaI agree to shake | sentebrenirge unaysayou agree to shake | oltebrenirge unaydıhe agrees to shake | biztebrenirge unaybızwe agree to shake | siztebrenirge unaysızyou all agree to shake | alatebrenirge unaydılathey agree to shake |
| agree to | mentebrenirge unamaymaI refuse to shake | sentebrenirge unamaysayou refuse to shake | oltebrenirge unamaydıhe refuses to shake | biztebrenirge unamaybızwe refuse to shake | siztebrenirge unamaysızyou all refuse to shake | alatebrenirge unamaydılathey refuse to shake |
| hurry to | mentebrenirge aşığamaI am in a hurry to shake | sentebrenirge aşığasayou are in a hurry to shake | oltebrenirge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to shake | biztebrenirge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to shake | siztebrenirge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to shake | alatebrenirge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to shake |
| hurry to | mentebrenirge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to shake | sentebrenirge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to shake | oltebrenirge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to shake | biztebrenirge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to shake | siztebrenirge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to shake | alatebrenirge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to shake |
| be afraid to | mentebrenirge qorqamaI am afraid to shake | sentebrenirge qorqasayou are afraid to shake | oltebrenirge qorqadıhe is afraid to shake | biztebrenirge qorqabızwe are afraid to shake | siztebrenirge qorqasızyou all are afraid to shake | alatebrenirge qorqadılathey are afraid to shake |
| be afraid to | mentebrenirge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to shake | sentebrenirge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to shake | oltebrenirge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to shake | biztebrenirge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to shake | siztebrenirge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to shake | alatebrenirge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to shake |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | mentebrene bolmazmaI can't be shaking | sentebrene bolmazsayou can't be shaking | oltebrene bolmazhe can't be shaking | biztebrene bolmazbızwe can't be shaking | siztebrene bolmazsızyou all can't be shaking | alatebrene bolmazlathey can't be shaking |
| Inference, present — double negation | mentebrenmey bolmazmaI must be shaking (emphatic) | sentebrenmey bolmazsayou must be shaking (emphatic) | oltebrenmey bolmazhe must be shaking (emphatic) | biztebrenmey bolmazbızwe must be shaking (emphatic) | siztebrenmey bolmazsızyou all must be shaking (emphatic) | alatebrenmey bolmazlathey must be shaking (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | mentebrene turmasamif I don't keep shaking | sentebrene turmasaŋif you don't keep shaking | oltebrene turmasaif he doesn't keep shaking | biztebrene turmasaqif we don't keep shaking | siztebrene turmasağızif you all don't keep shaking | alatebrene turmasalaif they don't keep shaking |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | mentebrene tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of shaking | sentebrene tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of shaking | oltebrene tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of shaking | biztebrene tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of shaking | siztebrene tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of shaking | alatebrene tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of shaking |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | mentebrenmey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not shaking (emphatic) | sentebrenmey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not shaking (emphatic) | oltebrenmey tura bolmazhe must keep on not shaking (emphatic) | biztebrenmey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not shaking (emphatic) | siztebrenmey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not shaking (emphatic) | alatebrenmey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not shaking (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | mentebrenmey turamaI keep on not shaking | sentebrenmey turasayou keep on not shaking | oltebrenmey turadıhe keeps on not shaking | biztebrenmey turabızwe keep on not shaking | siztebrenmey turasızyou all keep on not shaking | alatebrenmey turadılathey keep on not shaking |
| Progressive — double negation | mentebrenmey turmaymaI am not keeping on not shaking | sentebrenmey turmaysayou are not keeping on not shaking | oltebrenmey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not shaking | biztebrenmey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not shaking | siztebrenmey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not shaking | alatebrenmey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not shaking |
| Progressive — double negation | mentebrenmey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not shaking? | sentebrenmey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not shaking? | oltebrenmey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not shaking? | biztebrenmey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not shaking? | siztebrenmey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not shaking? | alatebrenmey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not shaking? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | mentebrenŋen bolmazmaI can't have shaken | sentebrenŋen bolmazsayou can't have shaken | oltebrenŋen bolmazhe can't have shaken | biztebrenŋen bolmazbızwe can't have shaken | siztebrenŋen bolmazsızyou all can't have shaken | alatebrenŋen bolmazlathey can't have shaken |
| Inference — double negation | mentebrenmegen bolmazmaI must have shaken (emphatic) | sentebrenmegen bolmazsayou must have shaken (emphatic) | oltebrenmegen bolmazhe must have shaken (emphatic) | biztebrenmegen bolmazbızwe must have shaken (emphatic) | siztebrenmegen bolmazsızyou all must have shaken (emphatic) | alatebrenmegen bolmazlathey must have shaken (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | mentebrenŋen bolmasamif it weren't that I had shaken | sentebrenŋen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had shaken | oltebrenŋen bolmasaif it weren't that he had shaken | biztebrenŋen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had shaken | siztebrenŋen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had shaken | alatebrenŋen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had shaken |
| Counterfactual — double negation | mentebrenmegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't shaken | sentebrenmegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't shaken | oltebrenmegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't shaken | biztebrenmegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't shaken | siztebrenmegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't shaken | alatebrenmegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't shaken |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | mentebrennik bolmazmaI can't be going to shake | sentebrennik bolmazsayou can't be going to shake | oltebrennik bolmazhe can't be going to shake | biztebrennik bolmazbızwe can't be going to shake | siztebrennik bolmazsızyou all can't be going to shake | alatebrennik bolmazlathey can't be going to shake |
| Inference, future — double negation | mentebrenmezlik bolmazmaI must be going to shake (emphatic) | sentebrenmezlik bolmazsayou must be going to shake (emphatic) | oltebrenmezlik bolmazhe must be going to shake (emphatic) | biztebrenmezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to shake (emphatic) | siztebrenmezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to shake (emphatic) | alatebrenmezlik bolmazlathey must be going to shake (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | mentebrennik bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to shake | sentebrennik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to shake | oltebrennik bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to shake | biztebrennik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to shake | siztebrennik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to shake | alatebrennik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to shake |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | mentebrenmezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to shake | sentebrenmezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to shake | oltebrenmezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to shake | biztebrenmezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to shake | siztebrenmezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to shake | alatebrenmezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to shake |