qaltırarğa
/qaltɯrarʁa/
1. tremble, shake, shiver, quake, shudder, vibrate — Used of people trembling from cold or fear, of the body and limbs, and of things such as a bridge, a floor or the ground shaking.
- suwuqdan qaltırarğa — to shiver with cold
- qorqub qaltırarğa — to tremble with fear
- butlarım qaltıraydıla — my legs are shaking
- köpür qaltıraydı — the bridge shakes
- qaltırağanı tohtadı — he stopped trembling
- sabiyle suwuqdan qaltıraydıla — the children are shivering with cold
- bezgek tuthança qaltırarğa — to shake as if gripped by fever
2. flicker, twinkle (of a light or flame) one source
- çıraq qaltıraydı — the lamp flickers
- ot qaltıraydı — the flame flickers
- jarıq qaltıradı — the light flickered
- otnu jarığı qaltıraydı — the firelight flickers
3. quaver, sound broken and uneven (of a voice or sound) one source
- awazı qaltıraydı — his voice quavers
- qaltırağan awaz bla aytdı — he said it in a quavering voice
- jırçını awazı qaltıradı — the singer's voice quavered
4. flutter, beat fast (of the heart)
- jüregim qaltıraydı — my heart flutters
- qız jüregim qaltıraydı — my maiden heart flutters
- jüregi qaltırab turadı — his heart is beating fast
- quwançdan jüregim qaltıradı — my heart fluttered with joy
5. fear for, worry about, be afraid — The person or thing feared for is in the dative (bu jaŋız sabiyge qaltıraybız, we tremble over our only child). What one is afraid of can be in the ablative (Sen andan nek qaltıraysa, why are you afraid of him?).
- bu sabiyge qaltıraybız — we fear for this child
- anası sabiyine qaltıraydı — the mother worries about her child
- atam menŋe qaltıraydı — my father worries about me
- sen andan nek qaltıraysa — why are you afraid of him
Expressions
- arqa jikleri qaltırarğa — be terrified
- qolu qaltırarğa — to waver
- sırtı qaltırarğa — be terrified
Conjugation
Common forms
- qaltıraydıhe is trembling
- qaltıradıhe trembled
- qaltırağandıhe has trembled
- qaltırarhe will tremble
- qaltırarıqdıhe is going to tremble
- qaltıray edihe was trembling
- qaltırasaif he trembles
- qaltıra!tremble!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menqaltıraymaI am trembling | senqaltıraysayou are trembling | olqaltıraydıhe is trembling | bizqaltıraybızwe are trembling | sizqaltıraysızyou all are trembling | alaqaltıraydılathey are trembling |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menqaltıramaymaI am not trembling | senqaltıramaysayou are not trembling | olqaltıramaydıhe is not trembling | bizqaltıramaybızwe are not trembling | sizqaltıramaysızyou all are not trembling | alaqaltıramaydılathey are not trembling |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menqaltıraymamı? qaltıraymıma?am I trembling? | senqaltıraymısa?are you trembling? | olqaltıraymıdı?is he trembling? | bizqaltıraybızmı? qaltıraymıbız?are we trembling? | sizqaltıraymısız?are you all trembling? | alaqaltıraymıdıla?are they trembling? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menqaltıramaymamı? qaltıramaymıma?aren't I trembling? | senqaltıramaymısa?aren't you trembling? | olqaltıramaymıdı?isn't he trembling? | bizqaltıramaybızmı? qaltıramaymıbız?aren't we trembling? | sizqaltıramaymısız?aren't you all trembling? | alaqaltıramaymıdıla?aren't they trembling? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menqaltırawçanmaI usually tremble | senqaltırawçansayou usually tremble | olqaltırawçandıhe usually trembles | bizqaltırawçanbızwe usually tremble | sizqaltırawçansızyou all usually tremble | alaqaltırawçandılathey usually tremble |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menqaltıramawçanmaI usually don't tremble | senqaltıramawçansayou usually don't tremble | olqaltıramawçandıhe usually doesn't tremble | bizqaltıramawçanbızwe usually don't tremble | sizqaltıramawçansızyou all usually don't tremble | alaqaltıramawçandılathey usually don't tremble |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menqaltırawçanmamı? qaltırawçanmıma?do I usually tremble? | senqaltırawçanmısa?do you usually tremble? | olqaltırawçanmıdı?does he usually tremble? | bizqaltırawçanbızmı? qaltırawçanmıbız?do we usually tremble? | sizqaltırawçanmısız?do you all usually tremble? | alaqaltırawçanmıdıla?do they usually tremble? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menqaltıramawçanmamı? qaltıramawçanmıma?do I usually not tremble? | senqaltıramawçanmısa?do you usually not tremble? | olqaltıramawçanmıdı?does he usually not tremble? | bizqaltıramawçanbızmı? qaltıramawçanmıbız?do we usually not tremble? | sizqaltıramawçanmısız?do you all usually not tremble? | alaqaltıramawçanmıdıla?do they usually not tremble? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olqaltırabdıhe has trembled and remains so | alaqaltırabdılathey have trembled and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olqaltırabmıdı?has he trembled? | alaqaltırabmıdıla?have they trembled? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menqaltırab turamaI keep trembling | senqaltırab turasayou keep trembling | olqaltırab turadıhe keeps trembling | bizqaltırab turabızwe keep trembling | sizqaltırab turasızyou all keep trembling | alaqaltırab turadılathey keep trembling |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menqaltırab turmaymaI don't keep trembling | senqaltırab turmaysayou don't keep trembling | olqaltırab turmaydıhe doesn't keep trembling | bizqaltırab turmaybızwe don't keep trembling | sizqaltırab turmaysızyou all don't keep trembling | alaqaltırab turmaydılathey don't keep trembling |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menqaltırab turamamı? qaltırab turamıma?do I keep trembling? | senqaltırab turamısa?do you keep trembling? | olqaltırab turamıdı?does he keep trembling? | bizqaltırab turabızmı? qaltırab turamıbız?do we keep trembling? | sizqaltırab turamısız?do you all keep trembling? | alaqaltırab turamıdıla?do they keep trembling? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menqaltırab turmaymamı? qaltırab turmaymıma?don't I keep trembling? | senqaltırab turmaymısa?don't you keep trembling? | olqaltırab turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep trembling? | bizqaltırab turmaybızmı? qaltırab turmaymıbız?don't we keep trembling? | sizqaltırab turmaymısız?don't you all keep trembling? | alaqaltırab turmaymıdıla?don't they keep trembling? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menqaltıray turamaI am in the middle of trembling | senqaltıray turasayou are in the middle of trembling | olqaltıray turadıhe is in the middle of trembling | bizqaltıray turabızwe are in the middle of trembling | sizqaltıray turasızyou all are in the middle of trembling | alaqaltıray turadılathey are in the middle of trembling |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menqaltıray turmaymaI am not in the middle of trembling | senqaltıray turmaysayou are not in the middle of trembling | olqaltıray turmaydıhe is not in the middle of trembling | bizqaltıray turmaybızwe are not in the middle of trembling | sizqaltıray turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of trembling | alaqaltıray turmaydılathey are not in the middle of trembling |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menqaltıray turamamı? qaltıray turamıma?am I in the middle of trembling? | senqaltıray turamısa?are you in the middle of trembling? | olqaltıray turamıdı?is he in the middle of trembling? | bizqaltıray turabızmı? qaltıray turamıbız?are we in the middle of trembling? | sizqaltıray turamısız?are you all in the middle of trembling? | alaqaltıray turamıdıla?are they in the middle of trembling? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menqaltıray turmaymamı? qaltıray turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of trembling? | senqaltıray turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of trembling? | olqaltıray turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of trembling? | bizqaltıray turmaybızmı? qaltıray turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of trembling? | sizqaltıray turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of trembling? | alaqaltıray turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of trembling? |
| Simple past (definite) | menqaltıradımI trembled | senqaltıradıŋyou trembled | olqaltıradıhe trembled | bizqaltıradıqwe trembled | sizqaltıradığızyou all trembled | alaqaltıradılathey trembled |
| Simple past (definite) | menqaltıramadımI didn't tremble | senqaltıramadıŋyou didn't tremble | olqaltıramadıhe didn't tremble | bizqaltıramadıqwe didn't tremble | sizqaltıramadığızyou all didn't tremble | alaqaltıramadılathey didn't tremble |
| Simple past (definite) | menqaltıradımmı?did I tremble? | senqaltıradıŋmı?did you tremble? | olqaltıradımı?did he tremble? | bizqaltıradıqmı?did we tremble? | sizqaltıradığızmı?did you all tremble? | alaqaltıradılamı?did they tremble? |
| Simple past (definite) | menqaltıramadımmı?didn't I tremble? | senqaltıramadıŋmı?didn't you tremble? | olqaltıramadımı?didn't he tremble? | bizqaltıramadıqmı?didn't we tremble? | sizqaltıramadığızmı?didn't you all tremble? | alaqaltıramadılamı?didn't they tremble? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menqaltırağanmaI have trembled | senqaltırağansayou have trembled | olqaltırağandıhe has trembled | bizqaltırağanbızwe have trembled | sizqaltırağansızyou all have trembled | alaqaltırağandılathey have trembled |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menqaltıramağanmaI haven't trembled | senqaltıramağansayou haven't trembled | olqaltıramağandıhe hasn't trembled | bizqaltıramağanbızwe haven't trembled | sizqaltıramağansızyou all haven't trembled | alaqaltıramağandılathey haven't trembled |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menqaltırağanmamı? qaltırağanmıma?have I trembled? | senqaltırağanmısa?have you trembled? | olqaltırağanmıdı?has he trembled? | bizqaltırağanbızmı? qaltırağanmıbız?have we trembled? | sizqaltırağanmısız?have you all trembled? | alaqaltırağanmıdıla?have they trembled? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menqaltıramağanmamı? qaltıramağanmıma?haven't I trembled? | senqaltıramağanmısa?haven't you trembled? | olqaltıramağanmıdı?hasn't he trembled? | bizqaltıramağanbızmı? qaltıramağanmıbız?haven't we trembled? | sizqaltıramağanmısız?haven't you all trembled? | alaqaltıramağanmıdıla?haven't they trembled? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menqaltırab turdumI kept trembling | senqaltırab turduŋyou kept trembling | olqaltırab turduhe kept trembling | bizqaltırab turduqwe kept trembling | sizqaltırab turduğuzyou all kept trembling | alaqaltırab turdulathey kept trembling |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menqaltırab turmadımI didn't keep trembling | senqaltırab turmadıŋyou didn't keep trembling | olqaltırab turmadıhe didn't keep trembling | bizqaltırab turmadıqwe didn't keep trembling | sizqaltırab turmadığızyou all didn't keep trembling | alaqaltırab turmadılathey didn't keep trembling |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menqaltırarmaI will tremble | senqaltırarsayou will tremble | olqaltırarhe will tremble | bizqaltırarbızwe will tremble | sizqaltırarsızyou all will tremble | alaqaltırarlathey will tremble |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menqaltıramazmaI won't tremble | senqaltıramazsayou won't tremble | olqaltıramazhe won't tremble | bizqaltıramazbızwe won't tremble | sizqaltıramazsızyou all won't tremble | alaqaltıramazlathey won't tremble |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menqaltırarmamı? qaltırarmıma?will I tremble? | senqaltırarmısa?will you tremble? | olqaltırarmı?will he tremble? | bizqaltırarbızmı? qaltırarmıbız?will we tremble? | sizqaltırarmısız?will you all tremble? | alaqaltırarlamı? qaltırarmıla?will they tremble? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menqaltıramazmamı? qaltıramazmıma?won't I tremble? | senqaltıramazmısa?won't you tremble? | olqaltıramazmı?won't he tremble? | bizqaltıramazbızmı? qaltıramazmıbız?won't we tremble? | sizqaltıramazmısız?won't you all tremble? | alaqaltıramazlamı? qaltıramazmıla?won't they tremble? |
| Definite future (future II) | menqaltırarıqmaI am going to tremble | senqaltırarıqsayou are going to tremble | olqaltırarıqdıhe is going to tremble | bizqaltırarıqbızwe are going to tremble | sizqaltırarıqsızyou all are going to tremble | alaqaltırarıqdılathey are going to tremble |
| Definite future (future II) | menqaltırarıq tülmeI am not going to tremble | senqaltırarıq tülseyou are not going to tremble | olqaltırarıq tüldühe is not going to tremble | bizqaltırarıq tülbüzwe are not going to tremble | sizqaltırarıq tülsüzyou all are not going to tremble | alaqaltırarıq tüldülethey are not going to tremble |
| Definite future (future II) | menqaltırarıqmamı? qaltırarıqmıma?am I going to tremble? | senqaltırarıqmısa?are you going to tremble? | olqaltırarıqmıdı?is he going to tremble? | bizqaltırarıqbızmı? qaltırarıqmıbız?are we going to tremble? | sizqaltırarıqmısız?are you all going to tremble? | alaqaltırarıqmıdıla?are they going to tremble? |
| Definite future (future II) | menqaltırarıq tülmüme?aren't I going to tremble? | senqaltırarıq tülmüse?aren't you going to tremble? | olqaltırarıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to tremble? | bizqaltırarıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to tremble? | sizqaltırarıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to tremble? | alaqaltırarıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to tremble? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menqaltırağan edimqaltırağanemI had trembled | senqaltırağan ediŋqaltırağaneŋyou had trembled | olqaltırağan ediqaltırağanedhe had trembled | bizqaltırağan edikqaltırağanekwe had trembled | sizqaltırağan edigizqaltırağanegizyou all had trembled | alaqaltırağan edileqaltırağanellethey had trembled |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menqaltıramağan edimqaltıramağanemI hadn't trembled | senqaltıramağan ediŋqaltıramağaneŋyou hadn't trembled | olqaltıramağan ediqaltıramağanedhe hadn't trembled | bizqaltıramağan edikqaltıramağanekwe hadn't trembled | sizqaltıramağan edigizqaltıramağanegizyou all hadn't trembled | alaqaltıramağan edileqaltıramağanellethey hadn't trembled |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menqaltıray edimqaltırayemI was trembling | senqaltıray ediŋqaltırayeŋyou were trembling | olqaltıray ediqaltırayedhe was trembling | bizqaltıray edikqaltırayekwe were trembling | sizqaltıray edigizqaltırayegizyou all were trembling | alaqaltıray edileqaltırayellethey were trembling |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menqaltıramay edimqaltıramayemI wasn't trembling | senqaltıramay ediŋqaltıramayeŋyou weren't trembling | olqaltıramay ediqaltıramayedhe wasn't trembling | bizqaltıramay edikqaltıramayekwe weren't trembling | sizqaltıramay edigizqaltıramayegizyou all weren't trembling | alaqaltıramay edileqaltıramayellethey weren't trembling |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menqaltırawçan edimqaltırawçanemI used to tremble | senqaltırawçan ediŋqaltırawçaneŋyou used to tremble | olqaltırawçan ediqaltırawçanedhe used to tremble | bizqaltırawçan edikqaltırawçanekwe used to tremble | sizqaltırawçan edigizqaltırawçanegizyou all used to tremble | alaqaltırawçan edileqaltırawçanellethey used to tremble |
| Habitual past (used to) | menqaltıramawçan edimqaltıramawçanemI didn't use to tremble | senqaltıramawçan ediŋqaltıramawçaneŋyou didn't use to tremble | olqaltıramawçan ediqaltıramawçanedhe didn't use to tremble | bizqaltıramawçan edikqaltıramawçanekwe didn't use to tremble | sizqaltıramawçan edigizqaltıramawçanegizyou all didn't use to tremble | alaqaltıramawçan edileqaltıramawçanellethey didn't use to tremble |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olqaltırab edihe had trembled and remained so | alaqaltırab edilethey had trembled and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olqaltırab tül edihe hadn't trembled | alaqaltırab tül edilethey hadn't trembled | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menqaltırab tura edimqaltırab turaemI had kept trembling | senqaltırab tura ediŋqaltırab turaeŋyou had kept trembling | olqaltırab tura ediqaltırab turaedhe had kept trembling | bizqaltırab tura edikqaltırab turaekwe had kept trembling | sizqaltırab tura edigizqaltırab turaegizyou all had kept trembling | alaqaltırab tura edileqaltırab turaellethey had kept trembling |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menqaltırab turmay edimqaltırab turmayemI hadn't kept trembling | senqaltırab turmay ediŋqaltırab turmayeŋyou hadn't kept trembling | olqaltırab turmay ediqaltırab turmayedhe hadn't kept trembling | bizqaltırab turmay edikqaltırab turmayekwe hadn't kept trembling | sizqaltırab turmay edigizqaltırab turmayegizyou all hadn't kept trembling | alaqaltırab turmay edileqaltırab turmayellethey hadn't kept trembling |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menqaltıray tura edimqaltıray turaemI was in the middle of trembling | senqaltıray tura ediŋqaltıray turaeŋyou were in the middle of trembling | olqaltıray tura ediqaltıray turaedhe was in the middle of trembling | bizqaltıray tura edikqaltıray turaekwe were in the middle of trembling | sizqaltıray tura edigizqaltıray turaegizyou all were in the middle of trembling | alaqaltıray tura edileqaltıray turaellethey were in the middle of trembling |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menqaltıray turmay edimqaltıray turmayemI wasn't in the middle of trembling | senqaltıray turmay ediŋqaltıray turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of trembling | olqaltıray turmay ediqaltıray turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of trembling | bizqaltıray turmay edikqaltıray turmayekwe weren't in the middle of trembling | sizqaltıray turmay edigizqaltıray turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of trembling | alaqaltıray turmay edileqaltıray turmayellethey weren't in the middle of trembling |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menqaltırar edimqaltırar emI would tremble | senqaltırar ediŋqaltırar eŋyou would tremble | olqaltırar ediqaltırar edhe would tremble | bizqaltırar edikqaltırar ekwe would tremble | sizqaltırar edigizqaltırar egizyou all would tremble | alaqaltırar edileqaltırar ellethey would tremble |
| Conditional result (would) | menqaltıramaz edimqaltıramaz emI wouldn't tremble | senqaltıramaz ediŋqaltıramaz eŋyou wouldn't tremble | olqaltıramaz ediqaltıramaz edhe wouldn't tremble | bizqaltıramaz edikqaltıramaz ekwe wouldn't tremble | sizqaltıramaz edigizqaltıramaz egizyou all wouldn't tremble | alaqaltıramaz edileqaltıramaz ellethey wouldn't tremble |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menqaltırarıq edimqaltırarıq emI would have trembled | senqaltırarıq ediŋqaltırarıq eŋyou would have trembled | olqaltırarıq ediqaltırarıq edhe would have trembled | bizqaltırarıq edikqaltırarıq ekwe would have trembled | sizqaltırarıq edigizqaltırarıq egizyou all would have trembled | alaqaltırarıq edileqaltırarıq ellethey would have trembled |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menqaltırarıq tül edimqaltırarıq tül emI wouldn't have trembled | senqaltırarıq tül ediŋqaltırarıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have trembled | olqaltırarıq tül ediqaltırarıq tül edhe wouldn't have trembled | bizqaltırarıq tül edikqaltırarıq tül ekwe wouldn't have trembled | sizqaltırarıq tül edigizqaltırarıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have trembled | alaqaltırarıq tül edileqaltırarıq tül ellethey wouldn't have trembled |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menqaltırasamif I tremble | senqaltırasaŋif you tremble | olqaltırasaif he trembles | bizqaltırasaqif we tremble | sizqaltırasağızif you all tremble | alaqaltırasalaif they tremble |
| Conditional | menqaltıramasamif I don't tremble | senqaltıramasaŋif you don't tremble | olqaltıramasaif he doesn't tremble | bizqaltıramasaqif we don't tremble | sizqaltıramasağızif you all don't tremble | alaqaltıramasalaif they don't tremble |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menqaltıray esemif I am trembling | senqaltıray eseŋif you are trembling | olqaltıray eseif he is trembling | bizqaltıray esekif we are trembling | sizqaltıray esegizif you all are trembling | alaqaltıray eseleif they are trembling |
| Conditional, present real | menqaltıramay esemif I am not trembling | senqaltıramay eseŋif you are not trembling | olqaltıramay eseif he is not trembling | bizqaltıramay esekif we are not trembling | sizqaltıramay esegizif you all are not trembling | alaqaltıramay eseleif they are not trembling |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menqaltırasam ediqaltırasam edif only I trembled | senqaltırasaŋ ediqaltırasaŋ edif only you trembled | olqaltırasa ediqaltırasaedif only he trembled | bizqaltırasaq ediqaltırasaq edif only we trembled | sizqaltırasağız ediqaltırasağız edif only you all trembled | alaqaltırasala ediqaltırasalaedif only they trembled |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menqaltıramasam ediqaltıramasam edif only I didn't tremble | senqaltıramasaŋ ediqaltıramasaŋ edif only you didn't tremble | olqaltıramasa ediqaltıramasaedif only he didn't tremble | bizqaltıramasaq ediqaltıramasaq edif only we didn't tremble | sizqaltıramasağız ediqaltıramasağız edif only you all didn't tremble | alaqaltıramasala ediqaltıramasalaedif only they didn't tremble |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menqaltırab tursamif I carry on trembling | senqaltırab tursaŋif you carry on trembling | olqaltırab tursaif he carries on trembling | bizqaltırab tursaqif we carry on trembling | sizqaltırab tursağızif you all carry on trembling | alaqaltırab tursalaif they carry on trembling |
| Durative conditional | menqaltırab turmasamif I don't carry on trembling | senqaltırab turmasaŋif you don't carry on trembling | olqaltırab turmasaif he doesn't carry on trembling | bizqaltırab turmasaqif we don't carry on trembling | sizqaltırab turmasağızif you all don't carry on trembling | alaqaltırab turmasalaif they don't carry on trembling |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menqaltırab tura esemif I have kept trembling | senqaltırab tura eseŋif you have kept trembling | olqaltırab tura eseif he has kept trembling | bizqaltırab tura esekif we have kept trembling | sizqaltırab tura esegizif you all have kept trembling | alaqaltırab tura eseleif they have kept trembling |
| Durative conditional, present real | menqaltırab turmay esemif I haven't kept trembling | senqaltırab turmay eseŋif you haven't kept trembling | olqaltırab turmay eseif he hasn't kept trembling | bizqaltırab turmay esekif we haven't kept trembling | sizqaltırab turmay esegizif you all haven't kept trembling | alaqaltırab turmay eseleif they haven't kept trembling |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menqaltıray tursamif I keep trembling | senqaltıray tursaŋif you keep trembling | olqaltıray tursaif he keeps trembling | bizqaltıray tursaqif we keep trembling | sizqaltıray tursağızif you all keep trembling | alaqaltıray tursalaif they keep trembling |
| Progressive conditional | menqaltıramay tursamif I keep on not trembling | senqaltıramay tursaŋif you keep on not trembling | olqaltıramay tursaif he keeps on not trembling | bizqaltıramay tursaqif we keep on not trembling | sizqaltıramay tursağızif you all keep on not trembling | alaqaltıramay tursalaif they keep on not trembling |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menqaltıray tura esemif I am in the middle of trembling | senqaltıray tura eseŋif you are in the middle of trembling | olqaltıray tura eseif he is in the middle of trembling | bizqaltıray tura esekif we are in the middle of trembling | sizqaltıray tura esegizif you all are in the middle of trembling | alaqaltıray tura eseleif they are in the middle of trembling |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menqaltıramay tura esemif I keep on not trembling | senqaltıramay tura eseŋif you keep on not trembling | olqaltıramay tura eseif he keeps on not trembling | bizqaltıramay tura esekif we keep on not trembling | sizqaltıramay tura esegizif you all keep on not trembling | alaqaltıramay tura eseleif they keep on not trembling |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menqaltıradım esemif I trembled | senqaltıradıŋ eseŋif you trembled | olqaltıradı eseif he trembled | bizqaltıradıq esekif we trembled | sizqaltıradığız esegizif you all trembled | alaqaltıradıla eseleif they trembled |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menqaltıramadım esemif I didn't tremble | senqaltıramadıŋ eseŋif you didn't tremble | olqaltıramadı eseif he didn't tremble | bizqaltıramadıq esekif we didn't tremble | sizqaltıramadığız esegizif you all didn't tremble | alaqaltıramadıla eseleif they didn't tremble |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menqaltırağan esemif I did tremble (indeed) | senqaltırağan eseŋif you did tremble (indeed) | olqaltırağan eseif he did tremble (indeed) | bizqaltırağan esekif we did tremble (indeed) | sizqaltırağan esegizif you all did tremble (indeed) | alaqaltırağan eseleif they did tremble (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menqaltıramağan esemif I didn't tremble (indeed) | senqaltıramağan eseŋif you didn't tremble (indeed) | olqaltıramağan eseif he didn't tremble (indeed) | bizqaltıramağan esekif we didn't tremble (indeed) | sizqaltıramağan esegizif you all didn't tremble (indeed) | alaqaltıramağan eseleif they didn't tremble (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menqaltırağan bolsamif I had trembled | senqaltırağan bolsaŋif you had trembled | olqaltırağan bolsaif he had trembled | bizqaltırağan bolsaqif we had trembled | sizqaltırağan bolsağızif you all had trembled | alaqaltırağan bolsalaif they had trembled |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menqaltıramağan bolsamif I hadn't trembled | senqaltıramağan bolsaŋif you hadn't trembled | olqaltıramağan bolsaif he hadn't trembled | bizqaltıramağan bolsaqif we hadn't trembled | sizqaltıramağan bolsağızif you all hadn't trembled | alaqaltıramağan bolsalaif they hadn't trembled |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menqaltırağan bolsam ediqaltırağan bolsam edif only I had trembled | senqaltırağan bolsaŋ ediqaltırağan bolsaŋ edif only you had trembled | olqaltırağan bolsa ediqaltırağan bolsaedif only he had trembled | bizqaltırağan bolsaq ediqaltırağan bolsaq edif only we had trembled | sizqaltırağan bolsağız ediqaltırağan bolsağız edif only you all had trembled | alaqaltırağan bolsala ediqaltırağan bolsalaedif only they had trembled |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menqaltıramağan bolsam ediqaltıramağan bolsam edif only I hadn't trembled | senqaltıramağan bolsaŋ ediqaltıramağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't trembled | olqaltıramağan bolsa ediqaltıramağan bolsaedif only he hadn't trembled | bizqaltıramağan bolsaq ediqaltıramağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't trembled | sizqaltıramağan bolsağız ediqaltıramağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't trembled | alaqaltıramağan bolsala ediqaltıramağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't trembled |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menqaltırar esemif I will tremble | senqaltırar eseŋif you will tremble | olqaltırar eseif he will tremble | bizqaltırar esekif we will tremble | sizqaltırar esegizif you all will tremble | alaqaltırar eseleif they will tremble |
| Conditional, aorist | menqaltıramaz esemif I won't tremble | senqaltıramaz eseŋif you won't tremble | olqaltıramaz eseif he won't tremble | bizqaltıramaz esekif we won't tremble | sizqaltıramaz esegizif you all won't tremble | alaqaltıramaz eseleif they won't tremble |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menqaltırarıq esemif I am going to tremble | senqaltırarıq eseŋif you are going to tremble | olqaltırarıq eseif he is going to tremble | bizqaltırarıq esekif we are going to tremble | sizqaltırarıq esegizif you all are going to tremble | alaqaltırarıq eseleif they are going to tremble |
| Conditional, future | menqaltırarıq tül esemif I am not going to tremble | senqaltırarıq tül eseŋif you are not going to tremble | olqaltırarıq tül eseif he is not going to tremble | bizqaltırarıq tül esekif we are not going to tremble | sizqaltırarıq tül esegizif you all are not going to tremble | alaqaltırarıq tül eseleif they are not going to tremble |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menqaltırarıq bolsamif I were going to tremble | senqaltırarıq bolsaŋif you were going to tremble | olqaltırarıq bolsaif he were going to tremble | bizqaltırarıq bolsaqif we were going to tremble | sizqaltırarıq bolsağızif you all were going to tremble | alaqaltırarıq bolsalaif they were going to tremble |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menqaltıramazlıq bolsamif I were not going to tremble | senqaltıramazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to tremble | olqaltıramazlıq bolsaif he were not going to tremble | bizqaltıramazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to tremble | sizqaltıramazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to tremble | alaqaltıramazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to tremble |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso qaltıradıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menqaltıray bolurmaI must be trembling | senqaltıray bolursayou must be trembling | olqaltıray bolurhe must be trembling | bizqaltıray bolurbuzwe must be trembling | sizqaltıray bolursuzyou all must be trembling | alaqaltıray bolurlathey must be trembling |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menqaltıramay bolurmaI must not be trembling | senqaltıramay bolursayou must not be trembling | olqaltıramay bolurhe must not be trembling | bizqaltıramay bolurbuzwe must not be trembling | sizqaltıramay bolursuzyou all must not be trembling | alaqaltıramay bolurlathey must not be trembling |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menqaltıray tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of trembling | senqaltıray tura bolursayou must be in the middle of trembling | olqaltıray tura bolurhe must be in the middle of trembling | bizqaltıray tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of trembling | sizqaltıray tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of trembling | alaqaltıray tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of trembling |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menqaltıramay tura bolurmaI must keep on not trembling | senqaltıramay tura bolursayou must keep on not trembling | olqaltıramay tura bolurhe must keep on not trembling | bizqaltıramay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not trembling | sizqaltıramay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not trembling | alaqaltıramay tura bolurlathey must keep on not trembling |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menqaltırağan bolurmaI must have trembled | senqaltırağan bolursayou must have trembled | olqaltırağan bolurhe must have trembled | bizqaltırağan bolurbuzwe must have trembled | sizqaltırağan bolursuzyou all must have trembled | alaqaltırağan bolurlathey must have trembled |
| Inference (must have) | menqaltıramağan bolurmaI must not have trembled | senqaltıramağan bolursayou must not have trembled | olqaltıramağan bolurhe must not have trembled | bizqaltıramağan bolurbuzwe must not have trembled | sizqaltıramağan bolursuzyou all must not have trembled | alaqaltıramağan bolurlathey must not have trembled |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menqaltırarıq bolurmaI must be going to tremble | senqaltırarıq bolursayou must be going to tremble | olqaltırarıq bolurhe must be going to tremble | bizqaltırarıq bolurbuzwe must be going to tremble | sizqaltırarıq bolursuzyou all must be going to tremble | alaqaltırarıq bolurlathey must be going to tremble |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menqaltıramazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to tremble | senqaltıramazlıq bolursayou must not be going to tremble | olqaltıramazlıq bolurhe must not be going to tremble | bizqaltıramazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to tremble | sizqaltıramazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to tremble | alaqaltıramazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to tremble |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menqaltırayımlet me tremble | senqaltıra!tremble! | olqaltırasınlet him tremble | bizqaltırayıqlet's tremble | sizqaltırağız!tremble, you all! | alaqaltırasınlalet them tremble |
| Commands & suggestions | menqaltıramayımlet me not tremble | senqaltırama!don't tremble! | olqaltıramasınlet him not tremble | bizqaltıramayıqlet's not tremble | sizqaltıramağız!don't tremble, you all! | alaqaltıramasınlalet them not tremble |
| Commands & suggestions | menqaltırayımmı?shall I tremble? | olqaltırasınmı?should he tremble? | bizqaltırayıqmı?shall we tremble? | alaqaltırasınlamı?should they tremble? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menqaltıramayımmı?shall I not tremble? | olqaltıramasınmı?should he not tremble? | bizqaltıramayıqmı?shall we not tremble? | alaqaltıramasınlamı?should they not tremble? | ||
| Requests | senqaltıraçı2qaltıraçınplease tremble | olqaltırasınçıdo let him tremble | sizqaltıraçığızplease tremble (plural/polite) | alaqaltırasınlaçıdo let them tremble | ||
| Requests | senqaltıramaçı2qaltıramaçınplease don't tremble | olqaltıramasınçıdo let him not tremble | sizqaltıramaçığızplease don't tremble (plural/polite) | alaqaltıramasınlaçıdo let them not tremble | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senqaltırağınqaltırağımay you tremble | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senqaltıramağınqaltıramağımay you not tremble | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menqaltırağay edim qaltırağa edimwould that I trembled | senqaltırağay ediŋ qaltırağa ediŋwould that you trembled | olqaltırağay edi qaltırağa ediwould that he trembled | bizqaltırağay edik qaltırağa edikwould that we trembled | sizqaltırağay edigiz qaltırağa edigizwould that you all trembled | alaqaltırağay edile qaltırağa edilewould that they trembled |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menqaltıramağay edim qaltıramağa edimwould that I did not tremble | senqaltıramağay ediŋ qaltıramağa ediŋwould that you did not tremble | olqaltıramağay edi qaltıramağa ediwould that he did not tremble | bizqaltıramağay edik qaltıramağa edikwould that we did not tremble | sizqaltıramağay edigiz qaltıramağa edigizwould that you all did not tremble | alaqaltıramağay edile qaltıramağa edilewould that they did not tremble |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menqaltıramağa qoyayımqaltırama qoyayımlet me allow someone to tremble | senqaltıramağa qoy!qaltırama qoy!let someone tremble! | olqaltıramağa qoysunqaltırama qoysunlet him allow someone to tremble | bizqaltıramağa qoyayıqqaltırama qoyayıqlet's allow someone to tremble | sizqaltıramağa qoyuğuz!qaltırama qoyuğuz!let someone tremble, you all! | alaqaltıramağa qoysunlaqaltırama qoysunlalet them allow someone to tremble |
| Let someone… (commands) | menqaltıramağa qoymayımqaltırama qoymayımlet me not allow someone to tremble | senqaltıramağa qoyma!qaltırama qoyma!don't let someone tremble! | olqaltıramağa qoymasınqaltırama qoymasınlet him not allow someone to tremble | bizqaltıramağa qoymayıqqaltırama qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to tremble | sizqaltıramağa qoymağız!qaltırama qoymağız!don't let someone tremble, you all! | alaqaltıramağa qoymasınlaqaltırama qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to tremble |
| Let someone… (commands) | menqaltıramağa qoyayımmı?qaltırama qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to tremble? | olqaltıramağa qoysunmu?qaltırama qoysunmu?should he allow someone to tremble? | bizqaltıramağa qoyayıqmı?qaltırama qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to tremble? | alaqaltıramağa qoysunlamı?qaltırama qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to tremble? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menqaltıramağa qoymayımmı?qaltırama qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to tremble? | olqaltıramağa qoymasınmı?qaltırama qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to tremble? | bizqaltıramağa qoymayıqmı?qaltırama qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to tremble? | alaqaltıramağa qoymasınlamı?qaltırama qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to tremble? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menqaltıramağa qoyamaqaltırama qoyamaI allow someone to tremble | senqaltıramağa qoyasaqaltırama qoyasayou allow someone to tremble | olqaltıramağa qoyadıqaltırama qoyadıhe allows someone to tremble | bizqaltıramağa qoyabızqaltırama qoyabızwe allow someone to tremble | sizqaltıramağa qoyasızqaltırama qoyasızyou all allow someone to tremble | alaqaltıramağa qoyadılaqaltırama qoyadılathey allow someone to tremble |
| Let someone… (present) | menqaltıramağa qoymaymaqaltırama qoymaymaI don't allow someone to tremble | senqaltıramağa qoymaysaqaltırama qoymaysayou don't allow someone to tremble | olqaltıramağa qoymaydıqaltırama qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to tremble | bizqaltıramağa qoymaybızqaltırama qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to tremble | sizqaltıramağa qoymaysızqaltırama qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to tremble | alaqaltıramağa qoymaydılaqaltırama qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to tremble |
| Let someone… (present) | menqaltıramağa qoyamamı?qaltırama qoyamamı?do I allow someone to tremble? | senqaltıramağa qoyamısa?qaltırama qoyamısa?do you allow someone to tremble? | olqaltıramağa qoyamıdı?qaltırama qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to tremble? | bizqaltıramağa qoyabızmı?qaltırama qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to tremble? | sizqaltıramağa qoyamısız?qaltırama qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to tremble? | alaqaltıramağa qoyamıdıla?qaltırama qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to tremble? |
| Let someone… (present) | menqaltıramağa qoymaymamı?qaltırama qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to tremble? | senqaltıramağa qoymaymısa?qaltırama qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to tremble? | olqaltıramağa qoymaymıdı?qaltırama qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to tremble? | bizqaltıramağa qoymaybızmı?qaltırama qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to tremble? | sizqaltıramağa qoymaymısız?qaltırama qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to tremble? | alaqaltıramağa qoymaymıdıla?qaltırama qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to tremble? |
| Let someone… (past) | menqaltıramağa qoydumqaltırama qoydumI allowed someone to tremble | senqaltıramağa qoyduŋqaltırama qoyduŋyou allowed someone to tremble | olqaltıramağa qoyduqaltırama qoyduhe allowed someone to tremble | bizqaltıramağa qoyduqqaltırama qoyduqwe allowed someone to tremble | sizqaltıramağa qoyduğuzqaltırama qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to tremble | alaqaltıramağa qoydulaqaltırama qoydulathey allowed someone to tremble |
| Let someone… (past) | menqaltıramağa qoymadımqaltırama qoymadımI didn't allow someone to tremble | senqaltıramağa qoymadıŋqaltırama qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to tremble | olqaltıramağa qoymadıqaltırama qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to tremble | bizqaltıramağa qoymadıqqaltırama qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to tremble | sizqaltıramağa qoymadığızqaltırama qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to tremble | alaqaltıramağa qoymadılaqaltırama qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to tremble |
| Let someone… (past) | menqaltıramağa qoydummu?qaltırama qoydummu?did I allow someone to tremble? | senqaltıramağa qoyduŋmu?qaltırama qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to tremble? | olqaltıramağa qoydumu?qaltırama qoydumu?did he allow someone to tremble? | bizqaltıramağa qoyduqmu?qaltırama qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to tremble? | sizqaltıramağa qoyduğuzmu?qaltırama qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to tremble? | alaqaltıramağa qoydulamı?qaltırama qoydulamı?did they allow someone to tremble? |
| Let someone… (past) | menqaltıramağa qoymadımmı?qaltırama qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to tremble? | senqaltıramağa qoymadıŋmı?qaltırama qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to tremble? | olqaltıramağa qoymadımı?qaltırama qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to tremble? | bizqaltıramağa qoymadıqmı?qaltırama qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to tremble? | sizqaltıramağa qoymadığızmı?qaltırama qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to tremble? | alaqaltıramağa qoymadılamı?qaltırama qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to tremble? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
qaltırayalırğa be able to tremble · qaltırayalmazğa be unable to tremble
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menqaltırayalamaI can tremble | senqaltırayalasayou can tremble | olqaltırayaladıhe can tremble | bizqaltırayalabızwe can tremble | sizqaltırayalasızyou all can tremble | alaqaltırayaladılathey can tremble |
| Ability — present | menqaltırayalmaymaI can't tremble | senqaltırayalmaysayou can't tremble | olqaltırayalmaydıhe can't tremble | bizqaltırayalmaybızwe can't tremble | sizqaltırayalmaysızyou all can't tremble | alaqaltırayalmaydılathey can't tremble |
| Ability — present | menqaltırayalamamı? qaltırayalamıma?can I tremble? | senqaltırayalamısa?can you tremble? | olqaltırayalamıdı?can he tremble? | bizqaltırayalabızmı? qaltırayalamıbız?can we tremble? | sizqaltırayalamısız?can you all tremble? | alaqaltırayalamıdıla?can they tremble? |
| Ability — present | menqaltırayalmaymamı? qaltırayalmaymıma?can't I tremble? | senqaltırayalmaymısa?can't you tremble? | olqaltırayalmaymıdı?can't he tremble? | bizqaltırayalmaybızmı? qaltırayalmaymıbız?can't we tremble? | sizqaltırayalmaymısız?can't you all tremble? | alaqaltırayalmaymıdıla?can't they tremble? |
| Ability — if I can… | menqaltırayalsamif I can tremble | senqaltırayalsaŋif you can tremble | olqaltırayalsaif he can tremble | bizqaltırayalsaqif we can tremble | sizqaltırayalsağızif you all can tremble | alaqaltırayalsalaif they can tremble |
| Ability — if I can… | menqaltırayalmasamif I can't tremble | senqaltırayalmasaŋif you can't tremble | olqaltırayalmasaif he can't tremble | bizqaltırayalmasaqif we can't tremble | sizqaltırayalmasağızif you all can't tremble | alaqaltırayalmasalaif they can't tremble |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menqaltırayaldımI was able to tremble | senqaltırayaldıŋyou were able to tremble | olqaltırayaldıhe was able to tremble | bizqaltırayaldıqwe were able to tremble | sizqaltırayaldığızyou all were able to tremble | alaqaltırayaldılathey were able to tremble |
| Ability — simple past | menqaltırayalmadımI could not tremble | senqaltırayalmadıŋyou could not tremble | olqaltırayalmadıhe could not tremble | bizqaltırayalmadıqwe could not tremble | sizqaltırayalmadığızyou all could not tremble | alaqaltırayalmadılathey could not tremble |
| Ability — simple past | menqaltırayaldımmı?was I able to tremble? | senqaltırayaldıŋmı?were you able to tremble? | olqaltırayaldımı?was he able to tremble? | bizqaltırayaldıqmı?were we able to tremble? | sizqaltırayaldığızmı?were you all able to tremble? | alaqaltırayaldılamı?were they able to tremble? |
| Ability — simple past | menqaltırayalmadımmı?couldn't I tremble? | senqaltırayalmadıŋmı?couldn't you tremble? | olqaltırayalmadımı?couldn't he tremble? | bizqaltırayalmadıqmı?couldn't we tremble? | sizqaltırayalmadığızmı?couldn't you all tremble? | alaqaltırayalmadılamı?couldn't they tremble? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menqaltırayalğanmaI have been able to tremble | senqaltırayalğansayou have been able to tremble | olqaltırayalğandıhe has been able to tremble | bizqaltırayalğanbızwe have been able to tremble | sizqaltırayalğansızyou all have been able to tremble | alaqaltırayalğandılathey have been able to tremble |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menqaltırayalmağanmaI haven't been able to tremble | senqaltırayalmağansayou haven't been able to tremble | olqaltırayalmağandıhe hasn't been able to tremble | bizqaltırayalmağanbızwe haven't been able to tremble | sizqaltırayalmağansızyou all haven't been able to tremble | alaqaltırayalmağandılathey haven't been able to tremble |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menqaltırayalğanmamı? qaltırayalğanmıma?have I been able to tremble? | senqaltırayalğanmısa?have you been able to tremble? | olqaltırayalğanmıdı?has he been able to tremble? | bizqaltırayalğanbızmı? qaltırayalğanmıbız?have we been able to tremble? | sizqaltırayalğanmısız?have you all been able to tremble? | alaqaltırayalğanmıdıla?have they been able to tremble? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menqaltırayalmağanmamı? qaltırayalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to tremble? | senqaltırayalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to tremble? | olqaltırayalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to tremble? | bizqaltırayalmağanbızmı? qaltırayalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to tremble? | sizqaltırayalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to tremble? | alaqaltırayalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to tremble? |
| Ability — past perfect | menqaltırayalğan edimqaltırayalğanemI had been able to tremble | senqaltırayalğan ediŋqaltırayalğaneŋyou had been able to tremble | olqaltırayalğan ediqaltırayalğanedhe had been able to tremble | bizqaltırayalğan edikqaltırayalğanekwe had been able to tremble | sizqaltırayalğan edigizqaltırayalğanegizyou all had been able to tremble | alaqaltırayalğan edileqaltırayalğanellethey had been able to tremble |
| Ability — past perfect | menqaltırayalmağan edimqaltırayalmağanemI hadn't been able to tremble | senqaltırayalmağan ediŋqaltırayalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to tremble | olqaltırayalmağan ediqaltırayalmağanedhe hadn't been able to tremble | bizqaltırayalmağan edikqaltırayalmağanekwe hadn't been able to tremble | sizqaltırayalmağan edigizqaltırayalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to tremble | alaqaltırayalmağan edileqaltırayalmağanellethey hadn't been able to tremble |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menqaltırayala edimqaltırayalaemI could tremble | senqaltırayala ediŋqaltırayalaeŋyou could tremble | olqaltırayala ediqaltırayalaedhe could tremble | bizqaltırayala edikqaltırayalaekwe could tremble | sizqaltırayala edigizqaltırayalaegizyou all could tremble | alaqaltırayala edileqaltırayalaellethey could tremble |
| Ability — past background | menqaltırayalmay edimqaltırayalmayemI could not tremble | senqaltırayalmay ediŋqaltırayalmayeŋyou could not tremble | olqaltırayalmay ediqaltırayalmayedhe could not tremble | bizqaltırayalmay edikqaltırayalmayekwe could not tremble | sizqaltırayalmay edigizqaltırayalmayegizyou all could not tremble | alaqaltırayalmay edileqaltırayalmayellethey could not tremble |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menqaltırayalırmaI will be able to tremble | senqaltırayalırsayou will be able to tremble | olqaltırayalırhe will be able to tremble | bizqaltırayalırbızwe will be able to tremble | sizqaltırayalırsızyou all will be able to tremble | alaqaltırayalırlathey will be able to tremble |
| Ability — future I | menqaltırayalmazmaI won't be able to tremble | senqaltırayalmazsayou won't be able to tremble | olqaltırayalmazhe won't be able to tremble | bizqaltırayalmazbızwe won't be able to tremble | sizqaltırayalmazsızyou all won't be able to tremble | alaqaltırayalmazlathey won't be able to tremble |
| Ability — future I | menqaltırayalırmamı? qaltırayalırmıma?will I be able to tremble? | senqaltırayalırmısa?will you be able to tremble? | olqaltırayalırmı?will he be able to tremble? | bizqaltırayalırbızmı? qaltırayalırmıbız?will we be able to tremble? | sizqaltırayalırmısız?will you all be able to tremble? | alaqaltırayalırlamı? qaltırayalırmıla?will they be able to tremble? |
| Ability — future I | menqaltırayalmazmamı? qaltırayalmazmıma?won't I be able to tremble? | senqaltırayalmazmısa?won't you be able to tremble? | olqaltırayalmazmı?won't he be able to tremble? | bizqaltırayalmazbızmı? qaltırayalmazmıbız?won't we be able to tremble? | sizqaltırayalmazmısız?won't you all be able to tremble? | alaqaltırayalmazlamı? qaltırayalmazmıla?won't they be able to tremble? |
| Ability — future II | menqaltırayallıqmaI am going to be able to tremble | senqaltırayallıqsayou are going to be able to tremble | olqaltırayallıqdıhe is going to be able to tremble | bizqaltırayallıqbızwe are going to be able to tremble | sizqaltırayallıqsızyou all are going to be able to tremble | alaqaltırayallıqdılathey are going to be able to tremble |
| Ability — future II | menqaltırayallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to tremble | senqaltırayallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to tremble | olqaltırayallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to tremble | bizqaltırayallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to tremble | sizqaltırayallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to tremble | alaqaltırayallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to tremble |
| Ability — future II | menqaltırayallıqmamı? qaltırayallıqmıma?am I going to be able to tremble? | senqaltırayallıqmısa?are you going to be able to tremble? | olqaltırayallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to tremble? | bizqaltırayallıqbızmı? qaltırayallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to tremble? | sizqaltırayallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to tremble? | alaqaltırayallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to tremble? |
| Ability — future II | menqaltırayallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to tremble? | senqaltırayallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to tremble? | olqaltırayallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to tremble? | bizqaltırayallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to tremble? | sizqaltırayallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to tremble? | alaqaltırayallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to tremble? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menqaltırayalır edimqaltırayalır emI would be able to tremble | senqaltırayalır ediŋqaltırayalır eŋyou would be able to tremble | olqaltırayalır ediqaltırayalır edhe would be able to tremble | bizqaltırayalır edikqaltırayalır ekwe would be able to tremble | sizqaltırayalır edigizqaltırayalır egizyou all would be able to tremble | alaqaltırayalır edileqaltırayalır ellethey would be able to tremble |
| Ability — would be able to… | menqaltırayalmaz edimqaltırayalmaz emI wouldn't be able to tremble | senqaltırayalmaz ediŋqaltırayalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to tremble | olqaltırayalmaz ediqaltırayalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to tremble | bizqaltırayalmaz edikqaltırayalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to tremble | sizqaltırayalmaz edigizqaltırayalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to tremble | alaqaltırayalmaz edileqaltırayalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to tremble |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senqaltırayalğınqaltırayalğımay you be able to tremble | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senqaltırayalmağınqaltırayalmağımay you not be able to tremble | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menqaltırarğa izleymeI want to tremble | senqaltırarğa izleyseyou want to tremble | olqaltırarğa izleydihe wants to tremble | bizqaltırarğa izleybizwe want to tremble | sizqaltırarğa izleysizyou all want to tremble | alaqaltırarğa izleydilethey want to tremble |
| want to | menqaltırarğa izlemeymeI do not want to tremble | senqaltırarğa izlemeyseyou do not want to tremble | olqaltırarğa izlemeydihe does not want to tremble | bizqaltırarğa izlemeybizwe do not want to tremble | sizqaltırarğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to tremble | alaqaltırarğa izlemeydilethey do not want to tremble |
| would like to | menqaltırarğa süemeI would like to tremble | senqaltırarğa süeseyou would like to tremble | olqaltırarğa süedihe would like to tremble | bizqaltırarğa süebizwe would like to tremble | sizqaltırarğa süesizyou all would like to tremble | alaqaltırarğa süedilethey would like to tremble |
| would like to | menqaltırarğa süymeymeI would not like to tremble | senqaltırarğa süymeyseyou would not like to tremble | olqaltırarğa süymeydihe would not like to tremble | bizqaltırarğa süymeybizwe would not like to tremble | sizqaltırarğa süymeysizyou all would not like to tremble | alaqaltırarğa süymeydilethey would not like to tremble |
| hope to | menqaltırarğa umutlanamaI hope to tremble | senqaltırarğa umutlanasayou hope to tremble | olqaltırarğa umutlanadıhe hopes to tremble | bizqaltırarğa umutlanabızwe hope to tremble | sizqaltırarğa umutlanasızyou all hope to tremble | alaqaltırarğa umutlanadılathey hope to tremble |
| hope to | menqaltırarğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to tremble | senqaltırarğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to tremble | olqaltırarğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to tremble | bizqaltırarğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to tremble | sizqaltırarğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to tremble | alaqaltırarğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to tremble |
| be about to | menqaltırarğa deb turamaI am about to tremble | senqaltırarğa deb turasayou are about to tremble | olqaltırarğa deb turadıhe is about to tremble | bizqaltırarğa deb turabızwe are about to tremble | sizqaltırarğa deb turasızyou all are about to tremble | alaqaltırarğa deb turadılathey are about to tremble |
| be about to | menqaltırarğa deb turmaymaI am not about to tremble | senqaltırarğa deb turmaysayou are not about to tremble | olqaltırarğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to tremble | bizqaltırarğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to tremble | sizqaltırarğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to tremble | alaqaltırarğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to tremble |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menqaltırarğa kerekmeI need to tremble | senqaltırarğa kerekseyou need to tremble | olqaltırarğa kerekdihe needs to tremble | bizqaltırarğa kerekbizwe need to tremble | sizqaltırarğa kereksizyou all need to tremble | alaqaltırarğa kerekdilethey need to tremble |
| need to | menqaltırarğa kerek tülmeI do not need to tremble | senqaltırarğa kerek tülseyou do not need to tremble | olqaltırarğa kerek tüldühe does not need to tremble | bizqaltırarğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to tremble | sizqaltırarğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to tremble | alaqaltırarğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to tremble |
| have to | menmenŋe qaltırarğa tüşediI have to tremble | sensenŋe qaltırarğa tüşediyou have to tremble | olaŋa qaltırarğa tüşedihe has to tremble | bizbizge qaltırarğa tüşediwe have to tremble | sizsizge qaltırarğa tüşediyou all have to tremble | alaalağa qaltırarğa tüşedithey have to tremble |
| have to | menmenŋe qaltırarğa tüşmeydiI do not have to tremble | sensenŋe qaltırarğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to tremble | olaŋa qaltırarğa tüşmeydihe does not have to tremble | bizbizge qaltırarğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to tremble | sizsizge qaltırarğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to tremble | alaalağa qaltırarğa tüşmeydithey do not have to tremble |
| be obliged to | menqaltırarğa borçlumaI am obliged to tremble | senqaltırarğa borçlusayou are obliged to tremble | olqaltırarğa borçluduhe is obliged to tremble | bizqaltırarğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to tremble | sizqaltırarğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to tremble | alaqaltırarğa borçludulathey are obliged to tremble |
| be obliged to | menqaltırarğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to tremble | senqaltırarğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to tremble | olqaltırarğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to tremble | bizqaltırarğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to tremble | sizqaltırarğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to tremble | alaqaltırarğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to tremble |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menqaltırarğa madarım bardıI have a way to tremble | senqaltırarğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to tremble | olqaltırarğa madarı bardıhe has a way to tremble | bizqaltırarğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to tremble | sizqaltırarğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to tremble | alaqaltırarğa madarları bardıthey have a way to tremble |
| have a way to | menqaltırarğa madarım joqduI have no way to tremble | senqaltırarğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to tremble | olqaltırarğa madarı joqduhe has no way to tremble | bizqaltırarğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to tremble | sizqaltırarğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to tremble | alaqaltırarğa madarları joqduthey have no way to tremble |
| be free to | menqaltırarğa erkinligim bardıI am free to tremble | senqaltırarğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to tremble | olqaltırarğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to tremble | bizqaltırarğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to tremble | sizqaltırarğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to tremble | alaqaltırarğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to tremble |
| be free to | menqaltırarğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to tremble | senqaltırarğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to tremble | olqaltırarğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to tremble | bizqaltırarğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to tremble | sizqaltırarğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to tremble | alaqaltırarğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to tremble |
| be possible to | menmenŋe qaltırarğa bolluqduit is possible for me to tremble | sensenŋe qaltırarğa bolluqduit is possible for you to tremble | olaŋa qaltırarğa bolluqduit is possible for him to tremble | bizbizge qaltırarğa bolluqduit is possible for us to tremble | sizsizge qaltırarğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to tremble | alaalağa qaltırarğa bolluqduit is possible for them to tremble |
| be possible to | menmenŋe qaltırarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to tremble | sensenŋe qaltırarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to tremble | olaŋa qaltırarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to tremble | bizbizge qaltırarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to tremble | sizsizge qaltırarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to tremble | alaalağa qaltırarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to tremble |
| be ready to | menqaltırarğa hazırmaI am ready to tremble | senqaltırarğa hazırsayou are ready to tremble | olqaltırarğa hazırdıhe is ready to tremble | bizqaltırarğa hazırbızwe are ready to tremble | sizqaltırarğa hazırsızyou all are ready to tremble | alaqaltırarğa hazırdılathey are ready to tremble |
| be ready to | menqaltırarğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to tremble | senqaltırarğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to tremble | olqaltırarğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to tremble | bizqaltırarğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to tremble | sizqaltırarğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to tremble | alaqaltırarğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to tremble |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menqaltırarğa küreşemeI am trying to tremble | senqaltırarğa küreşeseyou are trying to tremble | olqaltırarğa küreşedihe is trying to tremble | bizqaltırarğa küreşebizwe are trying to tremble | sizqaltırarğa küreşesizyou all are trying to tremble | alaqaltırarğa küreşedilethey are trying to tremble |
| try to | menqaltırarğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to tremble | senqaltırarğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to tremble | olqaltırarğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to tremble | bizqaltırarğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to tremble | sizqaltırarğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to tremble | alaqaltırarğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to tremble |
| agree to | menqaltırarğa unaymaI agree to tremble | senqaltırarğa unaysayou agree to tremble | olqaltırarğa unaydıhe agrees to tremble | bizqaltırarğa unaybızwe agree to tremble | sizqaltırarğa unaysızyou all agree to tremble | alaqaltırarğa unaydılathey agree to tremble |
| agree to | menqaltırarğa unamaymaI refuse to tremble | senqaltırarğa unamaysayou refuse to tremble | olqaltırarğa unamaydıhe refuses to tremble | bizqaltırarğa unamaybızwe refuse to tremble | sizqaltırarğa unamaysızyou all refuse to tremble | alaqaltırarğa unamaydılathey refuse to tremble |
| hurry to | menqaltırarğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to tremble | senqaltırarğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to tremble | olqaltırarğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to tremble | bizqaltırarğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to tremble | sizqaltırarğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to tremble | alaqaltırarğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to tremble |
| hurry to | menqaltırarğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to tremble | senqaltırarğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to tremble | olqaltırarğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to tremble | bizqaltırarğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to tremble | sizqaltırarğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to tremble | alaqaltırarğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to tremble |
| be afraid to | menqaltırarğa qorqamaI am afraid to tremble | senqaltırarğa qorqasayou are afraid to tremble | olqaltırarğa qorqadıhe is afraid to tremble | bizqaltırarğa qorqabızwe are afraid to tremble | sizqaltırarğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to tremble | alaqaltırarğa qorqadılathey are afraid to tremble |
| be afraid to | menqaltırarğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to tremble | senqaltırarğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to tremble | olqaltırarğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to tremble | bizqaltırarğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to tremble | sizqaltırarğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to tremble | alaqaltırarğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to tremble |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menqaltıray bolmazmaI can't be trembling | senqaltıray bolmazsayou can't be trembling | olqaltıray bolmazhe can't be trembling | bizqaltıray bolmazbızwe can't be trembling | sizqaltıray bolmazsızyou all can't be trembling | alaqaltıray bolmazlathey can't be trembling |
| Inference, present — double negation | menqaltıramay bolmazmaI must be trembling (emphatic) | senqaltıramay bolmazsayou must be trembling (emphatic) | olqaltıramay bolmazhe must be trembling (emphatic) | bizqaltıramay bolmazbızwe must be trembling (emphatic) | sizqaltıramay bolmazsızyou all must be trembling (emphatic) | alaqaltıramay bolmazlathey must be trembling (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menqaltıray turmasamif I don't keep trembling | senqaltıray turmasaŋif you don't keep trembling | olqaltıray turmasaif he doesn't keep trembling | bizqaltıray turmasaqif we don't keep trembling | sizqaltıray turmasağızif you all don't keep trembling | alaqaltıray turmasalaif they don't keep trembling |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menqaltıray tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of trembling | senqaltıray tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of trembling | olqaltıray tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of trembling | bizqaltıray tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of trembling | sizqaltıray tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of trembling | alaqaltıray tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of trembling |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menqaltıramay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not trembling (emphatic) | senqaltıramay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not trembling (emphatic) | olqaltıramay tura bolmazhe must keep on not trembling (emphatic) | bizqaltıramay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not trembling (emphatic) | sizqaltıramay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not trembling (emphatic) | alaqaltıramay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not trembling (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menqaltıramay turamaI keep on not trembling | senqaltıramay turasayou keep on not trembling | olqaltıramay turadıhe keeps on not trembling | bizqaltıramay turabızwe keep on not trembling | sizqaltıramay turasızyou all keep on not trembling | alaqaltıramay turadılathey keep on not trembling |
| Progressive — double negation | menqaltıramay turmaymaI am not keeping on not trembling | senqaltıramay turmaysayou are not keeping on not trembling | olqaltıramay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not trembling | bizqaltıramay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not trembling | sizqaltıramay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not trembling | alaqaltıramay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not trembling |
| Progressive — double negation | menqaltıramay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not trembling? | senqaltıramay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not trembling? | olqaltıramay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not trembling? | bizqaltıramay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not trembling? | sizqaltıramay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not trembling? | alaqaltıramay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not trembling? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menqaltırağan bolmazmaI can't have trembled | senqaltırağan bolmazsayou can't have trembled | olqaltırağan bolmazhe can't have trembled | bizqaltırağan bolmazbızwe can't have trembled | sizqaltırağan bolmazsızyou all can't have trembled | alaqaltırağan bolmazlathey can't have trembled |
| Inference — double negation | menqaltıramağan bolmazmaI must have trembled (emphatic) | senqaltıramağan bolmazsayou must have trembled (emphatic) | olqaltıramağan bolmazhe must have trembled (emphatic) | bizqaltıramağan bolmazbızwe must have trembled (emphatic) | sizqaltıramağan bolmazsızyou all must have trembled (emphatic) | alaqaltıramağan bolmazlathey must have trembled (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menqaltırağan bolmasamif it weren't that I had trembled | senqaltırağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had trembled | olqaltırağan bolmasaif it weren't that he had trembled | bizqaltırağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had trembled | sizqaltırağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had trembled | alaqaltırağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had trembled |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menqaltıramağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't trembled | senqaltıramağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't trembled | olqaltıramağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't trembled | bizqaltıramağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't trembled | sizqaltıramağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't trembled | alaqaltıramağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't trembled |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menqaltırarıq bolmazmaI can't be going to tremble | senqaltırarıq bolmazsayou can't be going to tremble | olqaltırarıq bolmazhe can't be going to tremble | bizqaltırarıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to tremble | sizqaltırarıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to tremble | alaqaltırarıq bolmazlathey can't be going to tremble |
| Inference, future — double negation | menqaltıramazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to tremble (emphatic) | senqaltıramazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to tremble (emphatic) | olqaltıramazlıq bolmazhe must be going to tremble (emphatic) | bizqaltıramazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to tremble (emphatic) | sizqaltıramazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to tremble (emphatic) | alaqaltıramazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to tremble (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menqaltırarıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to tremble | senqaltırarıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to tremble | olqaltırarıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to tremble | bizqaltırarıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to tremble | sizqaltırarıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to tremble | alaqaltırarıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to tremble |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menqaltıramazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to tremble | senqaltıramazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to tremble | olqaltıramazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to tremble | bizqaltıramazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to tremble | sizqaltıramazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to tremble | alaqaltıramazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to tremble |