tögerge
/tøɡerɡe/
1. pour, spill, pour out — Used mainly of liquids: emptying a basin, draining water from a machine or a boat, pouring off the water after boiling rice.
- suwnu jerge tökdüm — I poured the water onto the ground
- kir suwnu tök — pour out the dirty water
- jaşçıq qolunda çayın tökdü — the little boy spilled the tea in his hand
- taznı tögerge — to empty out the basin
- maşinanı suwun tögerge — to drain the water from the machine
- polğa tögerge — to spill on the floor
- jerge tögerge — to spill on the ground
2. tip out, empty out, spill, shed, drop — Used of grain, rubbish, leaves and other loose or solid things. It can also mean scattering things about or dumping them in one place.
- aşlıqnı tökme — do not spill the grain
- qabdan unnu tökdük — we tipped the flour out of the sack
- baguşnu tögerge — to tip out the rubbish
- terek çapıraqların tögedi — the tree is shedding its leaves
3. shed, radiate (light or warmth) — Used of the sun, a lamp or shining eyes: kün üyge jarığın tökdü means the sun flooded the room with light. one source
- kün jarığın tögedi — the sun pours down its light
- kün jılıwun tögedi — the sun pours out its warmth
4. pour out (feelings), burst out — Used of letting out strong feelings or saying everything on one's mind: kölüŋdegin tök means say what is in your heart.
- açıwun aŋa tökdü — he poured out his anger on him
- jürek tarığıwların tökdüle — they poured out their heartfelt complaints
5. talk a great deal, pour out words one source
- bıllay haparla tökdü — he poured out such stories
- iyneça, çançılğan sözleni tökdü — poured out words that stung like a needle
6. lavish money or goods on someone
- jaşına köb açha tökdü — he lavished much money on his son
- qonaqğa köb ırıshı tökdüle — they lavished much wealth on the guest
- ala köb ırıshı tökdüle — they lavished a great deal of goods
Expressions
- ariw suwnu kişi eşikge tökmeydi — keep the best home
- esirgenin tögerge — run riot
- için tögerge — pour out one's heart
- köz jaş tögerge — to weep
Conjugation
Common forms
- tögedihe is pouring
- tökdühe poured
- tökgendihe has poured
- tögerhe will pour
- tögerikdihe is going to pour
- töge edihe was pouring
- tökseif he pours
- tök!pour!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentögemeI am pouring | sentögeseyou are pouring | oltögedihe is pouring | biztögebizwe are pouring | siztögesizyou all are pouring | alatögedilethey are pouring |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentökmeymeI am not pouring | sentökmeyseyou are not pouring | oltökmeydihe is not pouring | biztökmeybizwe are not pouring | siztökmeysizyou all are not pouring | alatökmeydilethey are not pouring |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentögememi? tögemime?am I pouring? | sentögemise?are you pouring? | oltögemidi?is he pouring? | biztögebizmi? tögemibiz?are we pouring? | siztögemisiz?are you all pouring? | alatögemidile?are they pouring? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentökmeymemi? tökmeymime?aren't I pouring? | sentökmeymise?aren't you pouring? | oltökmeymidi?isn't he pouring? | biztökmeybizmi? tökmeymibiz?aren't we pouring? | siztökmeymisiz?aren't you all pouring? | alatökmeymidile?aren't they pouring? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentögüwçenmeI usually pour | sentögüwçenseyou usually pour | oltögüwçendihe usually pours | biztögüwçenbizwe usually pour | siztögüwçensizyou all usually pour | alatögüwçendilethey usually pour |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentökmewçenmeI usually don't pour | sentökmewçenseyou usually don't pour | oltökmewçendihe usually doesn't pour | biztökmewçenbizwe usually don't pour | siztökmewçensizyou all usually don't pour | alatökmewçendilethey usually don't pour |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentögüwçenmemi? tögüwçenmime?do I usually pour? | sentögüwçenmise?do you usually pour? | oltögüwçenmidi?does he usually pour? | biztögüwçenbizmi? tögüwçenmibiz?do we usually pour? | siztögüwçenmisiz?do you all usually pour? | alatögüwçenmidile?do they usually pour? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentökmewçenmemi? tökmewçenmime?do I usually not pour? | sentökmewçenmise?do you usually not pour? | oltökmewçenmidi?does he usually not pour? | biztökmewçenbizmi? tökmewçenmibiz?do we usually not pour? | siztökmewçenmisiz?do you all usually not pour? | alatökmewçenmidile?do they usually not pour? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oltögübdühe has poured and remains so | alatögübdülethey have poured and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oltögübmüdü?has he poured? | alatögübmüdüle?have they poured? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentögüb turamaI keep pouring | sentögüb turasayou keep pouring | oltögüb turadıhe keeps pouring | biztögüb turabızwe keep pouring | siztögüb turasızyou all keep pouring | alatögüb turadılathey keep pouring |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentögüb turmaymaI don't keep pouring | sentögüb turmaysayou don't keep pouring | oltögüb turmaydıhe doesn't keep pouring | biztögüb turmaybızwe don't keep pouring | siztögüb turmaysızyou all don't keep pouring | alatögüb turmaydılathey don't keep pouring |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentögüb turamamı? tögüb turamıma?do I keep pouring? | sentögüb turamısa?do you keep pouring? | oltögüb turamıdı?does he keep pouring? | biztögüb turabızmı? tögüb turamıbız?do we keep pouring? | siztögüb turamısız?do you all keep pouring? | alatögüb turamıdıla?do they keep pouring? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentögüb turmaymamı? tögüb turmaymıma?don't I keep pouring? | sentögüb turmaymısa?don't you keep pouring? | oltögüb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep pouring? | biztögüb turmaybızmı? tögüb turmaymıbız?don't we keep pouring? | siztögüb turmaymısız?don't you all keep pouring? | alatögüb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep pouring? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentöge turamaI am in the middle of pouring | sentöge turasayou are in the middle of pouring | oltöge turadıhe is in the middle of pouring | biztöge turabızwe are in the middle of pouring | siztöge turasızyou all are in the middle of pouring | alatöge turadılathey are in the middle of pouring |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentöge turmaymaI am not in the middle of pouring | sentöge turmaysayou are not in the middle of pouring | oltöge turmaydıhe is not in the middle of pouring | biztöge turmaybızwe are not in the middle of pouring | siztöge turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of pouring | alatöge turmaydılathey are not in the middle of pouring |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentöge turamamı? töge turamıma?am I in the middle of pouring? | sentöge turamısa?are you in the middle of pouring? | oltöge turamıdı?is he in the middle of pouring? | biztöge turabızmı? töge turamıbız?are we in the middle of pouring? | siztöge turamısız?are you all in the middle of pouring? | alatöge turamıdıla?are they in the middle of pouring? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentöge turmaymamı? töge turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of pouring? | sentöge turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of pouring? | oltöge turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of pouring? | biztöge turmaybızmı? töge turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of pouring? | siztöge turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of pouring? | alatöge turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of pouring? |
| Simple past (definite) | mentökdümI poured | sentökdüŋyou poured | oltökdühe poured | biztökdükwe poured | siztökdügüzyou all poured | alatökdülethey poured |
| Simple past (definite) | mentökmedimI didn't pour | sentökmediŋyou didn't pour | oltökmedihe didn't pour | biztökmedikwe didn't pour | siztökmedigizyou all didn't pour | alatökmedilethey didn't pour |
| Simple past (definite) | mentökdümmü?did I pour? | sentökdüŋmü?did you pour? | oltökdümü?did he pour? | biztökdükmü?did we pour? | siztökdügüzmü?did you all pour? | alatökdülemi?did they pour? |
| Simple past (definite) | mentökmedimmi?didn't I pour? | sentökmediŋmi?didn't you pour? | oltökmedimi?didn't he pour? | biztökmedikmi?didn't we pour? | siztökmedigizmi?didn't you all pour? | alatökmedilemi?didn't they pour? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentökgenmeI have poured | sentökgenseyou have poured | oltökgendihe has poured | biztökgenbizwe have poured | siztökgensizyou all have poured | alatökgendilethey have poured |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentökmegenmeI haven't poured | sentökmegenseyou haven't poured | oltökmegendihe hasn't poured | biztökmegenbizwe haven't poured | siztökmegensizyou all haven't poured | alatökmegendilethey haven't poured |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentökgenmemi? tökgenmime?have I poured? | sentökgenmise?have you poured? | oltökgenmidi?has he poured? | biztökgenbizmi? tökgenmibiz?have we poured? | siztökgenmisiz?have you all poured? | alatökgenmidile?have they poured? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentökmegenmemi? tökmegenmime?haven't I poured? | sentökmegenmise?haven't you poured? | oltökmegenmidi?hasn't he poured? | biztökmegenbizmi? tökmegenmibiz?haven't we poured? | siztökmegenmisiz?haven't you all poured? | alatökmegenmidile?haven't they poured? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mentögüb turdumI kept pouring | sentögüb turduŋyou kept pouring | oltögüb turduhe kept pouring | biztögüb turduqwe kept pouring | siztögüb turduğuzyou all kept pouring | alatögüb turdulathey kept pouring |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mentögüb turmadımI didn't keep pouring | sentögüb turmadıŋyou didn't keep pouring | oltögüb turmadıhe didn't keep pouring | biztögüb turmadıqwe didn't keep pouring | siztögüb turmadığızyou all didn't keep pouring | alatögüb turmadılathey didn't keep pouring |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentögermeI will pour | sentögerseyou will pour | oltögerhe will pour | biztögerbizwe will pour | siztögersizyou all will pour | alatögerlethey will pour |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentökmezmeI won't pour | sentökmezseyou won't pour | oltökmezhe won't pour | biztökmezbizwe won't pour | siztökmezsizyou all won't pour | alatökmezlethey won't pour |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentögermemi? tögermime?will I pour? | sentögermise?will you pour? | oltögermi?will he pour? | biztögerbizmi? tögermibiz?will we pour? | siztögermisiz?will you all pour? | alatögerlemi? tögermile?will they pour? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentökmezmemi? tökmezmime?won't I pour? | sentökmezmise?won't you pour? | oltökmezmi?won't he pour? | biztökmezbizmi? tökmezmibiz?won't we pour? | siztökmezmisiz?won't you all pour? | alatökmezlemi? tökmezmile?won't they pour? |
| Definite future (future II) | mentögerikmeI am going to pour | sentögerikseyou are going to pour | oltögerikdihe is going to pour | biztögerikbizwe are going to pour | siztögeriksizyou all are going to pour | alatögerikdilethey are going to pour |
| Definite future (future II) | mentögerik tülmeI am not going to pour | sentögerik tülseyou are not going to pour | oltögerik tüldühe is not going to pour | biztögerik tülbüzwe are not going to pour | siztögerik tülsüzyou all are not going to pour | alatögerik tüldülethey are not going to pour |
| Definite future (future II) | mentögerikmemi? tögerikmime?am I going to pour? | sentögerikmise?are you going to pour? | oltögerikmidi?is he going to pour? | biztögerikbizmi? tögerikmibiz?are we going to pour? | siztögerikmisiz?are you all going to pour? | alatögerikmidile?are they going to pour? |
| Definite future (future II) | mentögerik tülmüme?aren't I going to pour? | sentögerik tülmüse?aren't you going to pour? | oltögerik tülmüdü?isn't he going to pour? | biztögerik tülmübüz?aren't we going to pour? | siztögerik tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to pour? | alatögerik tülmüdüle?aren't they going to pour? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mentökgen edimtökgenemI had poured | sentökgen ediŋtökgeneŋyou had poured | oltökgen editökgenedhe had poured | biztökgen ediktökgenekwe had poured | siztökgen edigiztökgenegizyou all had poured | alatökgen ediletökgenellethey had poured |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mentökmegen edimtökmegenemI hadn't poured | sentökmegen ediŋtökmegeneŋyou hadn't poured | oltökmegen editökmegenedhe hadn't poured | biztökmegen ediktökmegenekwe hadn't poured | siztökmegen edigiztökmegenegizyou all hadn't poured | alatökmegen ediletökmegenellethey hadn't poured |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mentöge edimtögemI was pouring | sentöge ediŋtögeŋyou were pouring | oltöge editögedhe was pouring | biztöge ediktögekwe were pouring | siztöge edigiztögegizyou all were pouring | alatöge ediletögellethey were pouring |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mentökmey edimtökmeyemI wasn't pouring | sentökmey ediŋtökmeyeŋyou weren't pouring | oltökmey editökmeyedhe wasn't pouring | biztökmey ediktökmeyekwe weren't pouring | siztökmey edigiztökmeyegizyou all weren't pouring | alatökmey ediletökmeyellethey weren't pouring |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | mentögüwçen edimtögüwçenemI used to pour | sentögüwçen ediŋtögüwçeneŋyou used to pour | oltögüwçen editögüwçenedhe used to pour | biztögüwçen ediktögüwçenekwe used to pour | siztögüwçen edigiztögüwçenegizyou all used to pour | alatögüwçen ediletögüwçenellethey used to pour |
| Habitual past (used to) | mentökmewçen edimtökmewçenemI didn't use to pour | sentökmewçen ediŋtökmewçeneŋyou didn't use to pour | oltökmewçen editökmewçenedhe didn't use to pour | biztökmewçen ediktökmewçenekwe didn't use to pour | siztökmewçen edigiztökmewçenegizyou all didn't use to pour | alatökmewçen ediletökmewçenellethey didn't use to pour |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oltögüb edihe had poured and remained so | alatögüb edilethey had poured and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oltögüb tül edihe hadn't poured | alatögüb tül edilethey hadn't poured | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mentögüb tura edimtögüb turaemI had kept pouring | sentögüb tura ediŋtögüb turaeŋyou had kept pouring | oltögüb tura editögüb turaedhe had kept pouring | biztögüb tura ediktögüb turaekwe had kept pouring | siztögüb tura edigiztögüb turaegizyou all had kept pouring | alatögüb tura ediletögüb turaellethey had kept pouring |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mentögüb turmay edimtögüb turmayemI hadn't kept pouring | sentögüb turmay ediŋtögüb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept pouring | oltögüb turmay editögüb turmayedhe hadn't kept pouring | biztögüb turmay ediktögüb turmayekwe hadn't kept pouring | siztögüb turmay edigiztögüb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept pouring | alatögüb turmay ediletögüb turmayellethey hadn't kept pouring |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mentöge tura edimtöge turaemI was in the middle of pouring | sentöge tura ediŋtöge turaeŋyou were in the middle of pouring | oltöge tura editöge turaedhe was in the middle of pouring | biztöge tura ediktöge turaekwe were in the middle of pouring | siztöge tura edigiztöge turaegizyou all were in the middle of pouring | alatöge tura ediletöge turaellethey were in the middle of pouring |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mentöge turmay edimtöge turmayemI wasn't in the middle of pouring | sentöge turmay ediŋtöge turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of pouring | oltöge turmay editöge turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of pouring | biztöge turmay ediktöge turmayekwe weren't in the middle of pouring | siztöge turmay edigiztöge turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of pouring | alatöge turmay ediletöge turmayellethey weren't in the middle of pouring |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | mentöger edimtöger emI would pour | sentöger ediŋtöger eŋyou would pour | oltöger editöger edhe would pour | biztöger ediktöger ekwe would pour | siztöger edigiztöger egizyou all would pour | alatöger ediletöger ellethey would pour |
| Conditional result (would) | mentökmez edimtökmez emI wouldn't pour | sentökmez ediŋtökmez eŋyou wouldn't pour | oltökmez editökmez edhe wouldn't pour | biztökmez ediktökmez ekwe wouldn't pour | siztökmez edigiztökmez egizyou all wouldn't pour | alatökmez ediletökmez ellethey wouldn't pour |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | mentögerik edimtögerik emI would have poured | sentögerik ediŋtögerik eŋyou would have poured | oltögerik editögerik edhe would have poured | biztögerik ediktögerik ekwe would have poured | siztögerik edigiztögerik egizyou all would have poured | alatögerik ediletögerik ellethey would have poured |
| Past conditional result (would have) | mentögerik tül edimtögerik tül emI wouldn't have poured | sentögerik tül ediŋtögerik tül eŋyou wouldn't have poured | oltögerik tül editögerik tül edhe wouldn't have poured | biztögerik tül ediktögerik tül ekwe wouldn't have poured | siztögerik tül edigiztögerik tül egizyou all wouldn't have poured | alatögerik tül ediletögerik tül ellethey wouldn't have poured |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | mentöksemif I pour | sentökseŋif you pour | oltökseif he pours | biztöksekif we pour | siztöksegizif you all pour | alatökseleif they pour |
| Conditional | mentökmesemif I don't pour | sentökmeseŋif you don't pour | oltökmeseif he doesn't pour | biztökmesekif we don't pour | siztökmesegizif you all don't pour | alatökmeseleif they don't pour |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | mentöge esemif I am pouring | sentöge eseŋif you are pouring | oltöge eseif he is pouring | biztöge esekif we are pouring | siztöge esegizif you all are pouring | alatöge eseleif they are pouring |
| Conditional, present real | mentökmey esemif I am not pouring | sentökmey eseŋif you are not pouring | oltökmey eseif he is not pouring | biztökmey esekif we are not pouring | siztökmey esegizif you all are not pouring | alatökmey eseleif they are not pouring |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mentöksem editöksem edif only I poured | sentökseŋ editökseŋ edif only you poured | oltökse editöksedif only he poured | biztöksek editöksek edif only we poured | siztöksegiz editöksegiz edif only you all poured | alatöksele editökseledif only they poured |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mentökmesem editökmesem edif only I didn't pour | sentökmeseŋ editökmeseŋ edif only you didn't pour | oltökmese editökmesedif only he didn't pour | biztökmesek editökmesek edif only we didn't pour | siztökmesegiz editökmesegiz edif only you all didn't pour | alatökmesele editökmeseledif only they didn't pour |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | mentögüb tursamif I carry on pouring | sentögüb tursaŋif you carry on pouring | oltögüb tursaif he carries on pouring | biztögüb tursaqif we carry on pouring | siztögüb tursağızif you all carry on pouring | alatögüb tursalaif they carry on pouring |
| Durative conditional | mentögüb turmasamif I don't carry on pouring | sentögüb turmasaŋif you don't carry on pouring | oltögüb turmasaif he doesn't carry on pouring | biztögüb turmasaqif we don't carry on pouring | siztögüb turmasağızif you all don't carry on pouring | alatögüb turmasalaif they don't carry on pouring |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | mentögüb tura esemif I have kept pouring | sentögüb tura eseŋif you have kept pouring | oltögüb tura eseif he has kept pouring | biztögüb tura esekif we have kept pouring | siztögüb tura esegizif you all have kept pouring | alatögüb tura eseleif they have kept pouring |
| Durative conditional, present real | mentögüb turmay esemif I haven't kept pouring | sentögüb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept pouring | oltögüb turmay eseif he hasn't kept pouring | biztögüb turmay esekif we haven't kept pouring | siztögüb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept pouring | alatögüb turmay eseleif they haven't kept pouring |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | mentöge tursamif I keep pouring | sentöge tursaŋif you keep pouring | oltöge tursaif he keeps pouring | biztöge tursaqif we keep pouring | siztöge tursağızif you all keep pouring | alatöge tursalaif they keep pouring |
| Progressive conditional | mentökmey tursamif I keep on not pouring | sentökmey tursaŋif you keep on not pouring | oltökmey tursaif he keeps on not pouring | biztökmey tursaqif we keep on not pouring | siztökmey tursağızif you all keep on not pouring | alatökmey tursalaif they keep on not pouring |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | mentöge tura esemif I am in the middle of pouring | sentöge tura eseŋif you are in the middle of pouring | oltöge tura eseif he is in the middle of pouring | biztöge tura esekif we are in the middle of pouring | siztöge tura esegizif you all are in the middle of pouring | alatöge tura eseleif they are in the middle of pouring |
| Progressive conditional, present real | mentökmey tura esemif I keep on not pouring | sentökmey tura eseŋif you keep on not pouring | oltökmey tura eseif he keeps on not pouring | biztökmey tura esekif we keep on not pouring | siztökmey tura esegizif you all keep on not pouring | alatökmey tura eseleif they keep on not pouring |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | mentökdüm esemif I poured | sentökdüŋ eseŋif you poured | oltökdü eseif he poured | biztökdük esekif we poured | siztökdügüz esegizif you all poured | alatökdüle eseleif they poured |
| Conditional, definite past1 | mentökmedim esemif I didn't pour | sentökmediŋ eseŋif you didn't pour | oltökmedi eseif he didn't pour | biztökmedik esekif we didn't pour | siztökmedigiz esegizif you all didn't pour | alatökmedile eseleif they didn't pour |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | mentökgen esemif I did pour (indeed) | sentökgen eseŋif you did pour (indeed) | oltökgen eseif he did pour (indeed) | biztökgen esekif we did pour (indeed) | siztökgen esegizif you all did pour (indeed) | alatökgen eseleif they did pour (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | mentökmegen esemif I didn't pour (indeed) | sentökmegen eseŋif you didn't pour (indeed) | oltökmegen eseif he didn't pour (indeed) | biztökmegen esekif we didn't pour (indeed) | siztökmegen esegizif you all didn't pour (indeed) | alatökmegen eseleif they didn't pour (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | mentökgen bolsamif I had poured | sentökgen bolsaŋif you had poured | oltökgen bolsaif he had poured | biztökgen bolsaqif we had poured | siztökgen bolsağızif you all had poured | alatökgen bolsalaif they had poured |
| Conditional, counterfactual | mentökmegen bolsamif I hadn't poured | sentökmegen bolsaŋif you hadn't poured | oltökmegen bolsaif he hadn't poured | biztökmegen bolsaqif we hadn't poured | siztökmegen bolsağızif you all hadn't poured | alatökmegen bolsalaif they hadn't poured |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mentökgen bolsam editökgen bolsam edif only I had poured | sentökgen bolsaŋ editökgen bolsaŋ edif only you had poured | oltökgen bolsa editökgen bolsaedif only he had poured | biztökgen bolsaq editökgen bolsaq edif only we had poured | siztökgen bolsağız editökgen bolsağız edif only you all had poured | alatökgen bolsala editökgen bolsalaedif only they had poured |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mentökmegen bolsam editökmegen bolsam edif only I hadn't poured | sentökmegen bolsaŋ editökmegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't poured | oltökmegen bolsa editökmegen bolsaedif only he hadn't poured | biztökmegen bolsaq editökmegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't poured | siztökmegen bolsağız editökmegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't poured | alatökmegen bolsala editökmegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't poured |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | mentöger esemif I will pour | sentöger eseŋif you will pour | oltöger eseif he will pour | biztöger esekif we will pour | siztöger esegizif you all will pour | alatöger eseleif they will pour |
| Conditional, aorist | mentökmez esemif I won't pour | sentökmez eseŋif you won't pour | oltökmez eseif he won't pour | biztökmez esekif we won't pour | siztökmez esegizif you all won't pour | alatökmez eseleif they won't pour |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | mentögerik esemif I am going to pour | sentögerik eseŋif you are going to pour | oltögerik eseif he is going to pour | biztögerik esekif we are going to pour | siztögerik esegizif you all are going to pour | alatögerik eseleif they are going to pour |
| Conditional, future | mentögerik tül esemif I am not going to pour | sentögerik tül eseŋif you are not going to pour | oltögerik tül eseif he is not going to pour | biztögerik tül esekif we are not going to pour | siztögerik tül esegizif you all are not going to pour | alatögerik tül eseleif they are not going to pour |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mentögerik bolsamif I were going to pour | sentögerik bolsaŋif you were going to pour | oltögerik bolsaif he were going to pour | biztögerik bolsaqif we were going to pour | siztögerik bolsağızif you all were going to pour | alatögerik bolsalaif they were going to pour |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mentökmezlik bolsamif I were not going to pour | sentökmezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to pour | oltökmezlik bolsaif he were not going to pour | biztökmezlik bolsaqif we were not going to pour | siztökmezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to pour | alatökmezlik bolsalaif they were not going to pour |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso tökdüŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mentöge bolurmaI must be pouring | sentöge bolursayou must be pouring | oltöge bolurhe must be pouring | biztöge bolurbuzwe must be pouring | siztöge bolursuzyou all must be pouring | alatöge bolurlathey must be pouring |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mentökmey bolurmaI must not be pouring | sentökmey bolursayou must not be pouring | oltökmey bolurhe must not be pouring | biztökmey bolurbuzwe must not be pouring | siztökmey bolursuzyou all must not be pouring | alatökmey bolurlathey must not be pouring |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mentöge tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of pouring | sentöge tura bolursayou must be in the middle of pouring | oltöge tura bolurhe must be in the middle of pouring | biztöge tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of pouring | siztöge tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of pouring | alatöge tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of pouring |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mentökmey tura bolurmaI must keep on not pouring | sentökmey tura bolursayou must keep on not pouring | oltökmey tura bolurhe must keep on not pouring | biztökmey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not pouring | siztökmey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not pouring | alatökmey tura bolurlathey must keep on not pouring |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | mentökgen bolurmaI must have poured | sentökgen bolursayou must have poured | oltökgen bolurhe must have poured | biztökgen bolurbuzwe must have poured | siztökgen bolursuzyou all must have poured | alatökgen bolurlathey must have poured |
| Inference (must have) | mentökmegen bolurmaI must not have poured | sentökmegen bolursayou must not have poured | oltökmegen bolurhe must not have poured | biztökmegen bolurbuzwe must not have poured | siztökmegen bolursuzyou all must not have poured | alatökmegen bolurlathey must not have poured |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mentögerik bolurmaI must be going to pour | sentögerik bolursayou must be going to pour | oltögerik bolurhe must be going to pour | biztögerik bolurbuzwe must be going to pour | siztögerik bolursuzyou all must be going to pour | alatögerik bolurlathey must be going to pour |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mentökmezlik bolurmaI must not be going to pour | sentökmezlik bolursayou must not be going to pour | oltökmezlik bolurhe must not be going to pour | biztökmezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to pour | siztökmezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to pour | alatökmezlik bolurlathey must not be going to pour |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | mentögeyimlet me pour | sentök!pour! | oltöksünlet him pour | biztögeyiklet's pour | siztögügüz!pour, you all! | alatöksünlelet them pour |
| Commands & suggestions | mentökmeyimlet me not pour | sentökme!don't pour! | oltökmesinlet him not pour | biztökmeyiklet's not pour | siztökmegiz!don't pour, you all! | alatökmesinlelet them not pour |
| Commands & suggestions | mentögeyimmi?shall I pour? | oltöksünmü?should he pour? | biztögeyikmi?shall we pour? | alatöksünlemi?should they pour? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | mentökmeyimmi?shall I not pour? | oltökmesinmi?should he not pour? | biztökmeyikmi?shall we not pour? | alatökmesinlemi?should they not pour? | ||
| Requests | sentökçü2tökçünplease pour | oltöksünçüdo let him pour | siztökçügüzplease pour (plural/polite) | alatöksünleçido let them pour | ||
| Requests | sentökmeçi2tökmeçinplease don't pour | oltökmesinçido let him not pour | siztökmeçigizplease don't pour (plural/polite) | alatökmesinleçido let them not pour | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sentökgüntökgümay you pour | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sentökmegintökmegimay you not pour | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mentökgey edim tökge edimwould that I poured | sentökgey ediŋ tökge ediŋwould that you poured | oltökgey edi tökge ediwould that he poured | biztökgey edik tökge edikwould that we poured | siztökgey edigiz tökge edigizwould that you all poured | alatökgey edile tökge edilewould that they poured |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mentökmegey edim tökmege edimwould that I did not pour | sentökmegey ediŋ tökmege ediŋwould that you did not pour | oltökmegey edi tökmege ediwould that he did not pour | biztökmegey edik tökmege edikwould that we did not pour | siztökmegey edigiz tökmege edigizwould that you all did not pour | alatökmegey edile tökmege edilewould that they did not pour |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | mentökmege qoyayımtökme qoyayımlet me allow someone to pour | sentökmege qoy!tökme qoy!let someone pour! | oltökmege qoysuntökme qoysunlet him allow someone to pour | biztökmege qoyayıqtökme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to pour | siztökmege qoyuğuz!tökme qoyuğuz!let someone pour, you all! | alatökmege qoysunlatökme qoysunlalet them allow someone to pour |
| Let someone… (commands) | mentökmege qoymayımtökme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to pour | sentökmege qoyma!tökme qoyma!don't let someone pour! | oltökmege qoymasıntökme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to pour | biztökmege qoymayıqtökme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to pour | siztökmege qoymağız!tökme qoymağız!don't let someone pour, you all! | alatökmege qoymasınlatökme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to pour |
| Let someone… (commands) | mentökmege qoyayımmı?tökme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to pour? | oltökmege qoysunmu?tökme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to pour? | biztökmege qoyayıqmı?tökme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to pour? | alatökmege qoysunlamı?tökme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to pour? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | mentökmege qoymayımmı?tökme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to pour? | oltökmege qoymasınmı?tökme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to pour? | biztökmege qoymayıqmı?tökme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to pour? | alatökmege qoymasınlamı?tökme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to pour? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | mentökmege qoyamatökme qoyamaI allow someone to pour | sentökmege qoyasatökme qoyasayou allow someone to pour | oltökmege qoyadıtökme qoyadıhe allows someone to pour | biztökmege qoyabıztökme qoyabızwe allow someone to pour | siztökmege qoyasıztökme qoyasızyou all allow someone to pour | alatökmege qoyadılatökme qoyadılathey allow someone to pour |
| Let someone… (present) | mentökmege qoymaymatökme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to pour | sentökmege qoymaysatökme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to pour | oltökmege qoymaydıtökme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to pour | biztökmege qoymaybıztökme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to pour | siztökmege qoymaysıztökme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to pour | alatökmege qoymaydılatökme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to pour |
| Let someone… (present) | mentökmege qoyamamı?tökme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to pour? | sentökmege qoyamısa?tökme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to pour? | oltökmege qoyamıdı?tökme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to pour? | biztökmege qoyabızmı?tökme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to pour? | siztökmege qoyamısız?tökme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to pour? | alatökmege qoyamıdıla?tökme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to pour? |
| Let someone… (present) | mentökmege qoymaymamı?tökme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to pour? | sentökmege qoymaymısa?tökme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to pour? | oltökmege qoymaymıdı?tökme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to pour? | biztökmege qoymaybızmı?tökme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to pour? | siztökmege qoymaymısız?tökme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to pour? | alatökmege qoymaymıdıla?tökme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to pour? |
| Let someone… (past) | mentökmege qoydumtökme qoydumI allowed someone to pour | sentökmege qoyduŋtökme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to pour | oltökmege qoydutökme qoyduhe allowed someone to pour | biztökmege qoyduqtökme qoyduqwe allowed someone to pour | siztökmege qoyduğuztökme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to pour | alatökmege qoydulatökme qoydulathey allowed someone to pour |
| Let someone… (past) | mentökmege qoymadımtökme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to pour | sentökmege qoymadıŋtökme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to pour | oltökmege qoymadıtökme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to pour | biztökmege qoymadıqtökme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to pour | siztökmege qoymadığıztökme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to pour | alatökmege qoymadılatökme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to pour |
| Let someone… (past) | mentökmege qoydummu?tökme qoydummu?did I allow someone to pour? | sentökmege qoyduŋmu?tökme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to pour? | oltökmege qoydumu?tökme qoydumu?did he allow someone to pour? | biztökmege qoyduqmu?tökme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to pour? | siztökmege qoyduğuzmu?tökme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to pour? | alatökmege qoydulamı?tökme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to pour? |
| Let someone… (past) | mentökmege qoymadımmı?tökme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to pour? | sentökmege qoymadıŋmı?tökme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to pour? | oltökmege qoymadımı?tökme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to pour? | biztökmege qoymadıqmı?tökme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to pour? | siztökmege qoymadığızmı?tökme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to pour? | alatökmege qoymadılamı?tökme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to pour? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
tögalırğa be able to pour · tögalmazğa be unable to pour
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | mentögalamaI can pour | sentögalasayou can pour | oltögaladıhe can pour | biztögalabızwe can pour | siztögalasızyou all can pour | alatögaladılathey can pour |
| Ability — present | mentögalmaymaI can't pour | sentögalmaysayou can't pour | oltögalmaydıhe can't pour | biztögalmaybızwe can't pour | siztögalmaysızyou all can't pour | alatögalmaydılathey can't pour |
| Ability — present | mentögalamamı? tögalamıma?can I pour? | sentögalamısa?can you pour? | oltögalamıdı?can he pour? | biztögalabızmı? tögalamıbız?can we pour? | siztögalamısız?can you all pour? | alatögalamıdıla?can they pour? |
| Ability — present | mentögalmaymamı? tögalmaymıma?can't I pour? | sentögalmaymısa?can't you pour? | oltögalmaymıdı?can't he pour? | biztögalmaybızmı? tögalmaymıbız?can't we pour? | siztögalmaymısız?can't you all pour? | alatögalmaymıdıla?can't they pour? |
| Ability — if I can… | mentögalsamif I can pour | sentögalsaŋif you can pour | oltögalsaif he can pour | biztögalsaqif we can pour | siztögalsağızif you all can pour | alatögalsalaif they can pour |
| Ability — if I can… | mentögalmasamif I can't pour | sentögalmasaŋif you can't pour | oltögalmasaif he can't pour | biztögalmasaqif we can't pour | siztögalmasağızif you all can't pour | alatögalmasalaif they can't pour |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | mentögaldımI was able to pour | sentögaldıŋyou were able to pour | oltögaldıhe was able to pour | biztögaldıqwe were able to pour | siztögaldığızyou all were able to pour | alatögaldılathey were able to pour |
| Ability — simple past | mentögalmadımI could not pour | sentögalmadıŋyou could not pour | oltögalmadıhe could not pour | biztögalmadıqwe could not pour | siztögalmadığızyou all could not pour | alatögalmadılathey could not pour |
| Ability — simple past | mentögaldımmı?was I able to pour? | sentögaldıŋmı?were you able to pour? | oltögaldımı?was he able to pour? | biztögaldıqmı?were we able to pour? | siztögaldığızmı?were you all able to pour? | alatögaldılamı?were they able to pour? |
| Ability — simple past | mentögalmadımmı?couldn't I pour? | sentögalmadıŋmı?couldn't you pour? | oltögalmadımı?couldn't he pour? | biztögalmadıqmı?couldn't we pour? | siztögalmadığızmı?couldn't you all pour? | alatögalmadılamı?couldn't they pour? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentögalğanmaI have been able to pour | sentögalğansayou have been able to pour | oltögalğandıhe has been able to pour | biztögalğanbızwe have been able to pour | siztögalğansızyou all have been able to pour | alatögalğandılathey have been able to pour |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentögalmağanmaI haven't been able to pour | sentögalmağansayou haven't been able to pour | oltögalmağandıhe hasn't been able to pour | biztögalmağanbızwe haven't been able to pour | siztögalmağansızyou all haven't been able to pour | alatögalmağandılathey haven't been able to pour |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentögalğanmamı? tögalğanmıma?have I been able to pour? | sentögalğanmısa?have you been able to pour? | oltögalğanmıdı?has he been able to pour? | biztögalğanbızmı? tögalğanmıbız?have we been able to pour? | siztögalğanmısız?have you all been able to pour? | alatögalğanmıdıla?have they been able to pour? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentögalmağanmamı? tögalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to pour? | sentögalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to pour? | oltögalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to pour? | biztögalmağanbızmı? tögalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to pour? | siztögalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to pour? | alatögalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to pour? |
| Ability — past perfect | mentögalğan edimtögalğanemI had been able to pour | sentögalğan ediŋtögalğaneŋyou had been able to pour | oltögalğan editögalğanedhe had been able to pour | biztögalğan ediktögalğanekwe had been able to pour | siztögalğan edigiztögalğanegizyou all had been able to pour | alatögalğan ediletögalğanellethey had been able to pour |
| Ability — past perfect | mentögalmağan edimtögalmağanemI hadn't been able to pour | sentögalmağan ediŋtögalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to pour | oltögalmağan editögalmağanedhe hadn't been able to pour | biztögalmağan ediktögalmağanekwe hadn't been able to pour | siztögalmağan edigiztögalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to pour | alatögalmağan ediletögalmağanellethey hadn't been able to pour |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | mentögala edimtögalaemI could pour | sentögala ediŋtögalaeŋyou could pour | oltögala editögalaedhe could pour | biztögala ediktögalaekwe could pour | siztögala edigiztögalaegizyou all could pour | alatögala ediletögalaellethey could pour |
| Ability — past background | mentögalmay edimtögalmayemI could not pour | sentögalmay ediŋtögalmayeŋyou could not pour | oltögalmay editögalmayedhe could not pour | biztögalmay ediktögalmayekwe could not pour | siztögalmay edigiztögalmayegizyou all could not pour | alatögalmay ediletögalmayellethey could not pour |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | mentögalırmaI will be able to pour | sentögalırsayou will be able to pour | oltögalırhe will be able to pour | biztögalırbızwe will be able to pour | siztögalırsızyou all will be able to pour | alatögalırlathey will be able to pour |
| Ability — future I | mentögalmazmaI won't be able to pour | sentögalmazsayou won't be able to pour | oltögalmazhe won't be able to pour | biztögalmazbızwe won't be able to pour | siztögalmazsızyou all won't be able to pour | alatögalmazlathey won't be able to pour |
| Ability — future I | mentögalırmamı? tögalırmıma?will I be able to pour? | sentögalırmısa?will you be able to pour? | oltögalırmı?will he be able to pour? | biztögalırbızmı? tögalırmıbız?will we be able to pour? | siztögalırmısız?will you all be able to pour? | alatögalırlamı? tögalırmıla?will they be able to pour? |
| Ability — future I | mentögalmazmamı? tögalmazmıma?won't I be able to pour? | sentögalmazmısa?won't you be able to pour? | oltögalmazmı?won't he be able to pour? | biztögalmazbızmı? tögalmazmıbız?won't we be able to pour? | siztögalmazmısız?won't you all be able to pour? | alatögalmazlamı? tögalmazmıla?won't they be able to pour? |
| Ability — future II | mentögallıqmaI am going to be able to pour | sentögallıqsayou are going to be able to pour | oltögallıqdıhe is going to be able to pour | biztögallıqbızwe are going to be able to pour | siztögallıqsızyou all are going to be able to pour | alatögallıqdılathey are going to be able to pour |
| Ability — future II | mentögallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to pour | sentögallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to pour | oltögallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to pour | biztögallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to pour | siztögallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to pour | alatögallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to pour |
| Ability — future II | mentögallıqmamı? tögallıqmıma?am I going to be able to pour? | sentögallıqmısa?are you going to be able to pour? | oltögallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to pour? | biztögallıqbızmı? tögallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to pour? | siztögallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to pour? | alatögallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to pour? |
| Ability — future II | mentögallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to pour? | sentögallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to pour? | oltögallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to pour? | biztögallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to pour? | siztögallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to pour? | alatögallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to pour? |
| Ability — would be able to… | mentögalır edimtögalır emI would be able to pour | sentögalır ediŋtögalır eŋyou would be able to pour | oltögalır editögalır edhe would be able to pour | biztögalır ediktögalır ekwe would be able to pour | siztögalır edigiztögalır egizyou all would be able to pour | alatögalır ediletögalır ellethey would be able to pour |
| Ability — would be able to… | mentögalmaz edimtögalmaz emI wouldn't be able to pour | sentögalmaz ediŋtögalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to pour | oltögalmaz editögalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to pour | biztögalmaz ediktögalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to pour | siztögalmaz edigiztögalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to pour | alatögalmaz ediletögalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to pour |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sentögalğıntögalğımay you be able to pour | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sentögalmağıntögalmağımay you not be able to pour | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | mentögerge izleymeI want to pour | sentögerge izleyseyou want to pour | oltögerge izleydihe wants to pour | biztögerge izleybizwe want to pour | siztögerge izleysizyou all want to pour | alatögerge izleydilethey want to pour |
| want to | mentögerge izlemeymeI do not want to pour | sentögerge izlemeyseyou do not want to pour | oltögerge izlemeydihe does not want to pour | biztögerge izlemeybizwe do not want to pour | siztögerge izlemeysizyou all do not want to pour | alatögerge izlemeydilethey do not want to pour |
| would like to | mentögerge süemeI would like to pour | sentögerge süeseyou would like to pour | oltögerge süedihe would like to pour | biztögerge süebizwe would like to pour | siztögerge süesizyou all would like to pour | alatögerge süedilethey would like to pour |
| would like to | mentögerge süymeymeI would not like to pour | sentögerge süymeyseyou would not like to pour | oltögerge süymeydihe would not like to pour | biztögerge süymeybizwe would not like to pour | siztögerge süymeysizyou all would not like to pour | alatögerge süymeydilethey would not like to pour |
| hope to | mentögerge umutlanamaI hope to pour | sentögerge umutlanasayou hope to pour | oltögerge umutlanadıhe hopes to pour | biztögerge umutlanabızwe hope to pour | siztögerge umutlanasızyou all hope to pour | alatögerge umutlanadılathey hope to pour |
| hope to | mentögerge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to pour | sentögerge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to pour | oltögerge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to pour | biztögerge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to pour | siztögerge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to pour | alatögerge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to pour |
| be about to | mentögerge deb turamaI am about to pour | sentögerge deb turasayou are about to pour | oltögerge deb turadıhe is about to pour | biztögerge deb turabızwe are about to pour | siztögerge deb turasızyou all are about to pour | alatögerge deb turadılathey are about to pour |
| be about to | mentögerge deb turmaymaI am not about to pour | sentögerge deb turmaysayou are not about to pour | oltögerge deb turmaydıhe is not about to pour | biztögerge deb turmaybızwe are not about to pour | siztögerge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to pour | alatögerge deb turmaydılathey are not about to pour |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | mentögerge kerekmeI need to pour | sentögerge kerekseyou need to pour | oltögerge kerekdihe needs to pour | biztögerge kerekbizwe need to pour | siztögerge kereksizyou all need to pour | alatögerge kerekdilethey need to pour |
| need to | mentögerge kerek tülmeI do not need to pour | sentögerge kerek tülseyou do not need to pour | oltögerge kerek tüldühe does not need to pour | biztögerge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to pour | siztögerge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to pour | alatögerge kerek tüldülethey do not need to pour |
| have to | menmenŋe tögerge tüşediI have to pour | sensenŋe tögerge tüşediyou have to pour | olaŋa tögerge tüşedihe has to pour | bizbizge tögerge tüşediwe have to pour | sizsizge tögerge tüşediyou all have to pour | alaalağa tögerge tüşedithey have to pour |
| have to | menmenŋe tögerge tüşmeydiI do not have to pour | sensenŋe tögerge tüşmeydiyou do not have to pour | olaŋa tögerge tüşmeydihe does not have to pour | bizbizge tögerge tüşmeydiwe do not have to pour | sizsizge tögerge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to pour | alaalağa tögerge tüşmeydithey do not have to pour |
| be obliged to | mentögerge borçlumaI am obliged to pour | sentögerge borçlusayou are obliged to pour | oltögerge borçluduhe is obliged to pour | biztögerge borçlubuzwe are obliged to pour | siztögerge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to pour | alatögerge borçludulathey are obliged to pour |
| be obliged to | mentögerge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to pour | sentögerge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to pour | oltögerge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to pour | biztögerge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to pour | siztögerge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to pour | alatögerge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to pour |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | mentögerge madarım bardıI have a way to pour | sentögerge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to pour | oltögerge madarı bardıhe has a way to pour | biztögerge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to pour | siztögerge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to pour | alatögerge madarları bardıthey have a way to pour |
| have a way to | mentögerge madarım joqduI have no way to pour | sentögerge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to pour | oltögerge madarı joqduhe has no way to pour | biztögerge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to pour | siztögerge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to pour | alatögerge madarları joqduthey have no way to pour |
| be free to | mentögerge erkinligim bardıI am free to pour | sentögerge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to pour | oltögerge erkinligi bardıhe is free to pour | biztögerge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to pour | siztögerge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to pour | alatögerge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to pour |
| be free to | mentögerge erkinligim joqduI am not free to pour | sentögerge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to pour | oltögerge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to pour | biztögerge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to pour | siztögerge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to pour | alatögerge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to pour |
| be possible to | menmenŋe tögerge bolluqduit is possible for me to pour | sensenŋe tögerge bolluqduit is possible for you to pour | olaŋa tögerge bolluqduit is possible for him to pour | bizbizge tögerge bolluqduit is possible for us to pour | sizsizge tögerge bolluqduit is possible for you all to pour | alaalağa tögerge bolluqduit is possible for them to pour |
| be possible to | menmenŋe tögerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to pour | sensenŋe tögerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to pour | olaŋa tögerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to pour | bizbizge tögerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to pour | sizsizge tögerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to pour | alaalağa tögerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to pour |
| be ready to | mentögerge hazırmaI am ready to pour | sentögerge hazırsayou are ready to pour | oltögerge hazırdıhe is ready to pour | biztögerge hazırbızwe are ready to pour | siztögerge hazırsızyou all are ready to pour | alatögerge hazırdılathey are ready to pour |
| be ready to | mentögerge hazır tülmeI am not ready to pour | sentögerge hazır tülseyou are not ready to pour | oltögerge hazır tüldühe is not ready to pour | biztögerge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to pour | siztögerge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to pour | alatögerge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to pour |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | mentögerge küreşemeI am trying to pour | sentögerge küreşeseyou are trying to pour | oltögerge küreşedihe is trying to pour | biztögerge küreşebizwe are trying to pour | siztögerge küreşesizyou all are trying to pour | alatögerge küreşedilethey are trying to pour |
| try to | mentögerge küreşmeymeI am not trying to pour | sentögerge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to pour | oltögerge küreşmeydihe is not trying to pour | biztögerge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to pour | siztögerge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to pour | alatögerge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to pour |
| agree to | mentögerge unaymaI agree to pour | sentögerge unaysayou agree to pour | oltögerge unaydıhe agrees to pour | biztögerge unaybızwe agree to pour | siztögerge unaysızyou all agree to pour | alatögerge unaydılathey agree to pour |
| agree to | mentögerge unamaymaI refuse to pour | sentögerge unamaysayou refuse to pour | oltögerge unamaydıhe refuses to pour | biztögerge unamaybızwe refuse to pour | siztögerge unamaysızyou all refuse to pour | alatögerge unamaydılathey refuse to pour |
| hurry to | mentögerge aşığamaI am in a hurry to pour | sentögerge aşığasayou are in a hurry to pour | oltögerge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to pour | biztögerge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to pour | siztögerge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to pour | alatögerge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to pour |
| hurry to | mentögerge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to pour | sentögerge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to pour | oltögerge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to pour | biztögerge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to pour | siztögerge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to pour | alatögerge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to pour |
| be afraid to | mentögerge qorqamaI am afraid to pour | sentögerge qorqasayou are afraid to pour | oltögerge qorqadıhe is afraid to pour | biztögerge qorqabızwe are afraid to pour | siztögerge qorqasızyou all are afraid to pour | alatögerge qorqadılathey are afraid to pour |
| be afraid to | mentögerge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to pour | sentögerge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to pour | oltögerge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to pour | biztögerge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to pour | siztögerge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to pour | alatögerge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to pour |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | mentöge bolmazmaI can't be pouring | sentöge bolmazsayou can't be pouring | oltöge bolmazhe can't be pouring | biztöge bolmazbızwe can't be pouring | siztöge bolmazsızyou all can't be pouring | alatöge bolmazlathey can't be pouring |
| Inference, present — double negation | mentökmey bolmazmaI must be pouring (emphatic) | sentökmey bolmazsayou must be pouring (emphatic) | oltökmey bolmazhe must be pouring (emphatic) | biztökmey bolmazbızwe must be pouring (emphatic) | siztökmey bolmazsızyou all must be pouring (emphatic) | alatökmey bolmazlathey must be pouring (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | mentöge turmasamif I don't keep pouring | sentöge turmasaŋif you don't keep pouring | oltöge turmasaif he doesn't keep pouring | biztöge turmasaqif we don't keep pouring | siztöge turmasağızif you all don't keep pouring | alatöge turmasalaif they don't keep pouring |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | mentöge tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of pouring | sentöge tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of pouring | oltöge tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of pouring | biztöge tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of pouring | siztöge tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of pouring | alatöge tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of pouring |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | mentökmey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not pouring (emphatic) | sentökmey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not pouring (emphatic) | oltökmey tura bolmazhe must keep on not pouring (emphatic) | biztökmey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not pouring (emphatic) | siztökmey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not pouring (emphatic) | alatökmey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not pouring (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | mentökmey turamaI keep on not pouring | sentökmey turasayou keep on not pouring | oltökmey turadıhe keeps on not pouring | biztökmey turabızwe keep on not pouring | siztökmey turasızyou all keep on not pouring | alatökmey turadılathey keep on not pouring |
| Progressive — double negation | mentökmey turmaymaI am not keeping on not pouring | sentökmey turmaysayou are not keeping on not pouring | oltökmey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not pouring | biztökmey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not pouring | siztökmey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not pouring | alatökmey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not pouring |
| Progressive — double negation | mentökmey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not pouring? | sentökmey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not pouring? | oltökmey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not pouring? | biztökmey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not pouring? | siztökmey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not pouring? | alatökmey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not pouring? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | mentökgen bolmazmaI can't have poured | sentökgen bolmazsayou can't have poured | oltökgen bolmazhe can't have poured | biztökgen bolmazbızwe can't have poured | siztökgen bolmazsızyou all can't have poured | alatökgen bolmazlathey can't have poured |
| Inference — double negation | mentökmegen bolmazmaI must have poured (emphatic) | sentökmegen bolmazsayou must have poured (emphatic) | oltökmegen bolmazhe must have poured (emphatic) | biztökmegen bolmazbızwe must have poured (emphatic) | siztökmegen bolmazsızyou all must have poured (emphatic) | alatökmegen bolmazlathey must have poured (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | mentökgen bolmasamif it weren't that I had poured | sentökgen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had poured | oltökgen bolmasaif it weren't that he had poured | biztökgen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had poured | siztökgen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had poured | alatökgen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had poured |
| Counterfactual — double negation | mentökmegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't poured | sentökmegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't poured | oltökmegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't poured | biztökmegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't poured | siztökmegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't poured | alatökmegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't poured |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | mentögerik bolmazmaI can't be going to pour | sentögerik bolmazsayou can't be going to pour | oltögerik bolmazhe can't be going to pour | biztögerik bolmazbızwe can't be going to pour | siztögerik bolmazsızyou all can't be going to pour | alatögerik bolmazlathey can't be going to pour |
| Inference, future — double negation | mentökmezlik bolmazmaI must be going to pour (emphatic) | sentökmezlik bolmazsayou must be going to pour (emphatic) | oltökmezlik bolmazhe must be going to pour (emphatic) | biztökmezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to pour (emphatic) | siztökmezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to pour (emphatic) | alatökmezlik bolmazlathey must be going to pour (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | mentögerik bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to pour | sentögerik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to pour | oltögerik bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to pour | biztögerik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to pour | siztögerik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to pour | alatögerik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to pour |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | mentökmezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to pour | sentökmezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to pour | oltökmezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to pour | biztökmezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to pour | siztökmezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to pour | alatökmezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to pour |