ağızırğa
/aʁɯzɯrʁa/
1. spill, let fall, drop, scatter
- terekle çapıraqların ağızadıla — the trees drop their leaves
- budaynı jolda ağızıb kelgendi — he scattered wheat along the road as he came
- jerge suw ağızma — do not spill water on the ground
- arpa, buday ağızadıla ındırğa — they scatter barley and wheat onto the threshing floor
- suwnu ağızma — do not spill the water
2. drip a liquid, let drip, spill drops on
- stolğa suw ağızma — do not drip water on the table
- hıçınnı jawun ağızmay aşa — eat the khychin without dripping its butter
- jaşçıq harbıznı suwun kölegine ağızdı — the little boy dripped the watermelon juice on his shirt
- ağızıb toltururğa — to fill something drop by drop
- jaw ağızdı — he dripped butter
3. shake off, knock down, beat down (fruit, snow from a tree)
- terekni kertmelerin ağızdıla — they knocked down the tree's pears
- terekni şaptalların ağızdıq — we shook down the tree's apricots
- sabiyle almalanı ağızıb qoyğandıla — the children have shaken all the apples down
- terekni qarın ağızırğa — to shake the snow off the tree
- almalanı ağızırğa — to shake the apples down
4. overthrow, bring down, topple, depose; remove from office
- patçahnı ağızğandıla — they overthrew the tsar
- direktornu ağızdıla — they removed the director
- qulluğundan ağız — remove him from his post
- anı ağızırğa bolmadı — it was not possible to topple him
5. kill, shoot dead
- börünü ağızdıla — they killed the wolf
- marawçu eki faşistni ağızdı — the sniper killed two fascists
- ol quşnu ağızdı — he shot the eagle down
- bir janıwarnı da ağızmadı — he did not bring down a single beast
6. shoot down (an aircraft)
- samolötnu tob atıb ağızdıla — they shot down the plane with a cannon
7. sift out, winnow out, weed out (by selection) — Tenishev and Suyunchev 1989 marks this meaning as Karachay usage.
- igi oqumağan oquwçulanı ağızırğa — to sift out the pupils who study badly
- qarıwsuzlanı ağızdıla — they sifted out the weak ones
- bir kişini da ağızmadıla — they sifted no one out
8. drink a glass of alcohol, drink down
- Çomur çağırnı ağızadı — Chomur downs the wine
Expressions
- çıgır başdan qurt ağızğan — scorching hot
- hıkkilerin ağızırğa — snivel, whimper
- zıqısın ağızırğa — expose cowardice
Conjugation
Common forms
- ağızadıhe is spilling
- ağızdıhe spilled
- ağızğandıhe has spilled
- ağızırhe will spill
- ağızırıqdıhe is going to spill
- ağıza edihe was spilling
- ağızsaif he spills
- ağız!spill!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menağızamaI am spilling | senağızasayou are spilling | olağızadıhe is spilling | bizağızabızwe are spilling | sizağızasızyou all are spilling | alaağızadılathey are spilling |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menağızmaymaI am not spilling | senağızmaysayou are not spilling | olağızmaydıhe is not spilling | bizağızmaybızwe are not spilling | sizağızmaysızyou all are not spilling | alaağızmaydılathey are not spilling |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menağızamamı? ağızamıma?am I spilling? | senağızamısa?are you spilling? | olağızamıdı?is he spilling? | bizağızabızmı? ağızamıbız?are we spilling? | sizağızamısız?are you all spilling? | alaağızamıdıla?are they spilling? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menağızmaymamı? ağızmaymıma?aren't I spilling? | senağızmaymısa?aren't you spilling? | olağızmaymıdı?isn't he spilling? | bizağızmaybızmı? ağızmaymıbız?aren't we spilling? | sizağızmaymısız?aren't you all spilling? | alaağızmaymıdıla?aren't they spilling? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menağızıwçanmaI usually spill | senağızıwçansayou usually spill | olağızıwçandıhe usually spills | bizağızıwçanbızwe usually spill | sizağızıwçansızyou all usually spill | alaağızıwçandılathey usually spill |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menağızmawçanmaI usually don't spill | senağızmawçansayou usually don't spill | olağızmawçandıhe usually doesn't spill | bizağızmawçanbızwe usually don't spill | sizağızmawçansızyou all usually don't spill | alaağızmawçandılathey usually don't spill |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menağızıwçanmamı? ağızıwçanmıma?do I usually spill? | senağızıwçanmısa?do you usually spill? | olağızıwçanmıdı?does he usually spill? | bizağızıwçanbızmı? ağızıwçanmıbız?do we usually spill? | sizağızıwçanmısız?do you all usually spill? | alaağızıwçanmıdıla?do they usually spill? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menağızmawçanmamı? ağızmawçanmıma?do I usually not spill? | senağızmawçanmısa?do you usually not spill? | olağızmawçanmıdı?does he usually not spill? | bizağızmawçanbızmı? ağızmawçanmıbız?do we usually not spill? | sizağızmawçanmısız?do you all usually not spill? | alaağızmawçanmıdıla?do they usually not spill? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olağızıbdıhe has spilled and remains so | alaağızıbdılathey have spilled and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olağızıbmıdı?has he spilled? | alaağızıbmıdıla?have they spilled? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menağızıb turamaI keep spilling | senağızıb turasayou keep spilling | olağızıb turadıhe keeps spilling | bizağızıb turabızwe keep spilling | sizağızıb turasızyou all keep spilling | alaağızıb turadılathey keep spilling |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menağızıb turmaymaI don't keep spilling | senağızıb turmaysayou don't keep spilling | olağızıb turmaydıhe doesn't keep spilling | bizağızıb turmaybızwe don't keep spilling | sizağızıb turmaysızyou all don't keep spilling | alaağızıb turmaydılathey don't keep spilling |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menağızıb turamamı? ağızıb turamıma?do I keep spilling? | senağızıb turamısa?do you keep spilling? | olağızıb turamıdı?does he keep spilling? | bizağızıb turabızmı? ağızıb turamıbız?do we keep spilling? | sizağızıb turamısız?do you all keep spilling? | alaağızıb turamıdıla?do they keep spilling? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menağızıb turmaymamı? ağızıb turmaymıma?don't I keep spilling? | senağızıb turmaymısa?don't you keep spilling? | olağızıb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep spilling? | bizağızıb turmaybızmı? ağızıb turmaymıbız?don't we keep spilling? | sizağızıb turmaymısız?don't you all keep spilling? | alaağızıb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep spilling? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menağıza turamaI am in the middle of spilling | senağıza turasayou are in the middle of spilling | olağıza turadıhe is in the middle of spilling | bizağıza turabızwe are in the middle of spilling | sizağıza turasızyou all are in the middle of spilling | alaağıza turadılathey are in the middle of spilling |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menağıza turmaymaI am not in the middle of spilling | senağıza turmaysayou are not in the middle of spilling | olağıza turmaydıhe is not in the middle of spilling | bizağıza turmaybızwe are not in the middle of spilling | sizağıza turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of spilling | alaağıza turmaydılathey are not in the middle of spilling |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menağıza turamamı? ağıza turamıma?am I in the middle of spilling? | senağıza turamısa?are you in the middle of spilling? | olağıza turamıdı?is he in the middle of spilling? | bizağıza turabızmı? ağıza turamıbız?are we in the middle of spilling? | sizağıza turamısız?are you all in the middle of spilling? | alaağıza turamıdıla?are they in the middle of spilling? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menağıza turmaymamı? ağıza turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of spilling? | senağıza turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of spilling? | olağıza turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of spilling? | bizağıza turmaybızmı? ağıza turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of spilling? | sizağıza turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of spilling? | alaağıza turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of spilling? |
| Simple past (definite) | menağızdımI spilled | senağızdıŋyou spilled | olağızdıhe spilled | bizağızdıqwe spilled | sizağızdığızyou all spilled | alaağızdılathey spilled |
| Simple past (definite) | menağızmadımI didn't spill | senağızmadıŋyou didn't spill | olağızmadıhe didn't spill | bizağızmadıqwe didn't spill | sizağızmadığızyou all didn't spill | alaağızmadılathey didn't spill |
| Simple past (definite) | menağızdımmı?did I spill? | senağızdıŋmı?did you spill? | olağızdımı?did he spill? | bizağızdıqmı?did we spill? | sizağızdığızmı?did you all spill? | alaağızdılamı?did they spill? |
| Simple past (definite) | menağızmadımmı?didn't I spill? | senağızmadıŋmı?didn't you spill? | olağızmadımı?didn't he spill? | bizağızmadıqmı?didn't we spill? | sizağızmadığızmı?didn't you all spill? | alaağızmadılamı?didn't they spill? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menağızğanmaI have spilled | senağızğansayou have spilled | olağızğandıhe has spilled | bizağızğanbızwe have spilled | sizağızğansızyou all have spilled | alaağızğandılathey have spilled |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menağızmağanmaI haven't spilled | senağızmağansayou haven't spilled | olağızmağandıhe hasn't spilled | bizağızmağanbızwe haven't spilled | sizağızmağansızyou all haven't spilled | alaağızmağandılathey haven't spilled |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menağızğanmamı? ağızğanmıma?have I spilled? | senağızğanmısa?have you spilled? | olağızğanmıdı?has he spilled? | bizağızğanbızmı? ağızğanmıbız?have we spilled? | sizağızğanmısız?have you all spilled? | alaağızğanmıdıla?have they spilled? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menağızmağanmamı? ağızmağanmıma?haven't I spilled? | senağızmağanmısa?haven't you spilled? | olağızmağanmıdı?hasn't he spilled? | bizağızmağanbızmı? ağızmağanmıbız?haven't we spilled? | sizağızmağanmısız?haven't you all spilled? | alaağızmağanmıdıla?haven't they spilled? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menağızıb turdumI kept spilling | senağızıb turduŋyou kept spilling | olağızıb turduhe kept spilling | bizağızıb turduqwe kept spilling | sizağızıb turduğuzyou all kept spilling | alaağızıb turdulathey kept spilling |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menağızıb turmadımI didn't keep spilling | senağızıb turmadıŋyou didn't keep spilling | olağızıb turmadıhe didn't keep spilling | bizağızıb turmadıqwe didn't keep spilling | sizağızıb turmadığızyou all didn't keep spilling | alaağızıb turmadılathey didn't keep spilling |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menağızırmaI will spill | senağızırsayou will spill | olağızırhe will spill | bizağızırbızwe will spill | sizağızırsızyou all will spill | alaağızırlathey will spill |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menağızmazmaI won't spill | senağızmazsayou won't spill | olağızmazhe won't spill | bizağızmazbızwe won't spill | sizağızmazsızyou all won't spill | alaağızmazlathey won't spill |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menağızırmamı? ağızırmıma?will I spill? | senağızırmısa?will you spill? | olağızırmı?will he spill? | bizağızırbızmı? ağızırmıbız?will we spill? | sizağızırmısız?will you all spill? | alaağızırlamı? ağızırmıla?will they spill? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menağızmazmamı? ağızmazmıma?won't I spill? | senağızmazmısa?won't you spill? | olağızmazmı?won't he spill? | bizağızmazbızmı? ağızmazmıbız?won't we spill? | sizağızmazmısız?won't you all spill? | alaağızmazlamı? ağızmazmıla?won't they spill? |
| Definite future (future II) | menağızırıqmaI am going to spill | senağızırıqsayou are going to spill | olağızırıqdıhe is going to spill | bizağızırıqbızwe are going to spill | sizağızırıqsızyou all are going to spill | alaağızırıqdılathey are going to spill |
| Definite future (future II) | menağızırıq tülmeI am not going to spill | senağızırıq tülseyou are not going to spill | olağızırıq tüldühe is not going to spill | bizağızırıq tülbüzwe are not going to spill | sizağızırıq tülsüzyou all are not going to spill | alaağızırıq tüldülethey are not going to spill |
| Definite future (future II) | menağızırıqmamı? ağızırıqmıma?am I going to spill? | senağızırıqmısa?are you going to spill? | olağızırıqmıdı?is he going to spill? | bizağızırıqbızmı? ağızırıqmıbız?are we going to spill? | sizağızırıqmısız?are you all going to spill? | alaağızırıqmıdıla?are they going to spill? |
| Definite future (future II) | menağızırıq tülmüme?aren't I going to spill? | senağızırıq tülmüse?aren't you going to spill? | olağızırıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to spill? | bizağızırıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to spill? | sizağızırıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to spill? | alaağızırıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to spill? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menağızğan edimağızğanemI had spilled | senağızğan ediŋağızğaneŋyou had spilled | olağızğan ediağızğanedhe had spilled | bizağızğan edikağızğanekwe had spilled | sizağızğan edigizağızğanegizyou all had spilled | alaağızğan edileağızğanellethey had spilled |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menağızmağan edimağızmağanemI hadn't spilled | senağızmağan ediŋağızmağaneŋyou hadn't spilled | olağızmağan ediağızmağanedhe hadn't spilled | bizağızmağan edikağızmağanekwe hadn't spilled | sizağızmağan edigizağızmağanegizyou all hadn't spilled | alaağızmağan edileağızmağanellethey hadn't spilled |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menağıza edimağızaemI was spilling | senağıza ediŋağızaeŋyou were spilling | olağıza ediağızaedhe was spilling | bizağıza edikağızaekwe were spilling | sizağıza edigizağızaegizyou all were spilling | alaağıza edileağızaellethey were spilling |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menağızmay edimağızmayemI wasn't spilling | senağızmay ediŋağızmayeŋyou weren't spilling | olağızmay ediağızmayedhe wasn't spilling | bizağızmay edikağızmayekwe weren't spilling | sizağızmay edigizağızmayegizyou all weren't spilling | alaağızmay edileağızmayellethey weren't spilling |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menağızıwçan edimağızıwçanemI used to spill | senağızıwçan ediŋağızıwçaneŋyou used to spill | olağızıwçan ediağızıwçanedhe used to spill | bizağızıwçan edikağızıwçanekwe used to spill | sizağızıwçan edigizağızıwçanegizyou all used to spill | alaağızıwçan edileağızıwçanellethey used to spill |
| Habitual past (used to) | menağızmawçan edimağızmawçanemI didn't use to spill | senağızmawçan ediŋağızmawçaneŋyou didn't use to spill | olağızmawçan ediağızmawçanedhe didn't use to spill | bizağızmawçan edikağızmawçanekwe didn't use to spill | sizağızmawçan edigizağızmawçanegizyou all didn't use to spill | alaağızmawçan edileağızmawçanellethey didn't use to spill |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olağızıb edihe had spilled and remained so | alaağızıb edilethey had spilled and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olağızıb tül edihe hadn't spilled | alaağızıb tül edilethey hadn't spilled | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menağızıb tura edimağızıb turaemI had kept spilling | senağızıb tura ediŋağızıb turaeŋyou had kept spilling | olağızıb tura ediağızıb turaedhe had kept spilling | bizağızıb tura edikağızıb turaekwe had kept spilling | sizağızıb tura edigizağızıb turaegizyou all had kept spilling | alaağızıb tura edileağızıb turaellethey had kept spilling |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menağızıb turmay edimağızıb turmayemI hadn't kept spilling | senağızıb turmay ediŋağızıb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept spilling | olağızıb turmay ediağızıb turmayedhe hadn't kept spilling | bizağızıb turmay edikağızıb turmayekwe hadn't kept spilling | sizağızıb turmay edigizağızıb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept spilling | alaağızıb turmay edileağızıb turmayellethey hadn't kept spilling |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menağıza tura edimağıza turaemI was in the middle of spilling | senağıza tura ediŋağıza turaeŋyou were in the middle of spilling | olağıza tura ediağıza turaedhe was in the middle of spilling | bizağıza tura edikağıza turaekwe were in the middle of spilling | sizağıza tura edigizağıza turaegizyou all were in the middle of spilling | alaağıza tura edileağıza turaellethey were in the middle of spilling |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menağıza turmay edimağıza turmayemI wasn't in the middle of spilling | senağıza turmay ediŋağıza turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of spilling | olağıza turmay ediağıza turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of spilling | bizağıza turmay edikağıza turmayekwe weren't in the middle of spilling | sizağıza turmay edigizağıza turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of spilling | alaağıza turmay edileağıza turmayellethey weren't in the middle of spilling |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menağızır edimağızır emI would spill | senağızır ediŋağızır eŋyou would spill | olağızır ediağızır edhe would spill | bizağızır edikağızır ekwe would spill | sizağızır edigizağızır egizyou all would spill | alaağızır edileağızır ellethey would spill |
| Conditional result (would) | menağızmaz edimağızmaz emI wouldn't spill | senağızmaz ediŋağızmaz eŋyou wouldn't spill | olağızmaz ediağızmaz edhe wouldn't spill | bizağızmaz edikağızmaz ekwe wouldn't spill | sizağızmaz edigizağızmaz egizyou all wouldn't spill | alaağızmaz edileağızmaz ellethey wouldn't spill |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menağızırıq edimağızırıq emI would have spilled | senağızırıq ediŋağızırıq eŋyou would have spilled | olağızırıq ediağızırıq edhe would have spilled | bizağızırıq edikağızırıq ekwe would have spilled | sizağızırıq edigizağızırıq egizyou all would have spilled | alaağızırıq edileağızırıq ellethey would have spilled |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menağızırıq tül edimağızırıq tül emI wouldn't have spilled | senağızırıq tül ediŋağızırıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have spilled | olağızırıq tül ediağızırıq tül edhe wouldn't have spilled | bizağızırıq tül edikağızırıq tül ekwe wouldn't have spilled | sizağızırıq tül edigizağızırıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have spilled | alaağızırıq tül edileağızırıq tül ellethey wouldn't have spilled |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menağızsamif I spill | senağızsaŋif you spill | olağızsaif he spills | bizağızsaqif we spill | sizağızsağızif you all spill | alaağızsalaif they spill |
| Conditional | menağızmasamif I don't spill | senağızmasaŋif you don't spill | olağızmasaif he doesn't spill | bizağızmasaqif we don't spill | sizağızmasağızif you all don't spill | alaağızmasalaif they don't spill |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menağıza esemif I am spilling | senağıza eseŋif you are spilling | olağıza eseif he is spilling | bizağıza esekif we are spilling | sizağıza esegizif you all are spilling | alaağıza eseleif they are spilling |
| Conditional, present real | menağızmay esemif I am not spilling | senağızmay eseŋif you are not spilling | olağızmay eseif he is not spilling | bizağızmay esekif we are not spilling | sizağızmay esegizif you all are not spilling | alaağızmay eseleif they are not spilling |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menağızsam ediağızsam edif only I spilled | senağızsaŋ ediağızsaŋ edif only you spilled | olağızsa ediağızsaedif only he spilled | bizağızsaq ediağızsaq edif only we spilled | sizağızsağız ediağızsağız edif only you all spilled | alaağızsala ediağızsalaedif only they spilled |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menağızmasam ediağızmasam edif only I didn't spill | senağızmasaŋ ediağızmasaŋ edif only you didn't spill | olağızmasa ediağızmasaedif only he didn't spill | bizağızmasaq ediağızmasaq edif only we didn't spill | sizağızmasağız ediağızmasağız edif only you all didn't spill | alaağızmasala ediağızmasalaedif only they didn't spill |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menağızıb tursamif I carry on spilling | senağızıb tursaŋif you carry on spilling | olağızıb tursaif he carries on spilling | bizağızıb tursaqif we carry on spilling | sizağızıb tursağızif you all carry on spilling | alaağızıb tursalaif they carry on spilling |
| Durative conditional | menağızıb turmasamif I don't carry on spilling | senağızıb turmasaŋif you don't carry on spilling | olağızıb turmasaif he doesn't carry on spilling | bizağızıb turmasaqif we don't carry on spilling | sizağızıb turmasağızif you all don't carry on spilling | alaağızıb turmasalaif they don't carry on spilling |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menağızıb tura esemif I have kept spilling | senağızıb tura eseŋif you have kept spilling | olağızıb tura eseif he has kept spilling | bizağızıb tura esekif we have kept spilling | sizağızıb tura esegizif you all have kept spilling | alaağızıb tura eseleif they have kept spilling |
| Durative conditional, present real | menağızıb turmay esemif I haven't kept spilling | senağızıb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept spilling | olağızıb turmay eseif he hasn't kept spilling | bizağızıb turmay esekif we haven't kept spilling | sizağızıb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept spilling | alaağızıb turmay eseleif they haven't kept spilling |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menağıza tursamif I keep spilling | senağıza tursaŋif you keep spilling | olağıza tursaif he keeps spilling | bizağıza tursaqif we keep spilling | sizağıza tursağızif you all keep spilling | alaağıza tursalaif they keep spilling |
| Progressive conditional | menağızmay tursamif I keep on not spilling | senağızmay tursaŋif you keep on not spilling | olağızmay tursaif he keeps on not spilling | bizağızmay tursaqif we keep on not spilling | sizağızmay tursağızif you all keep on not spilling | alaağızmay tursalaif they keep on not spilling |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menağıza tura esemif I am in the middle of spilling | senağıza tura eseŋif you are in the middle of spilling | olağıza tura eseif he is in the middle of spilling | bizağıza tura esekif we are in the middle of spilling | sizağıza tura esegizif you all are in the middle of spilling | alaağıza tura eseleif they are in the middle of spilling |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menağızmay tura esemif I keep on not spilling | senağızmay tura eseŋif you keep on not spilling | olağızmay tura eseif he keeps on not spilling | bizağızmay tura esekif we keep on not spilling | sizağızmay tura esegizif you all keep on not spilling | alaağızmay tura eseleif they keep on not spilling |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menağızdım esemif I spilled | senağızdıŋ eseŋif you spilled | olağızdı eseif he spilled | bizağızdıq esekif we spilled | sizağızdığız esegizif you all spilled | alaağızdıla eseleif they spilled |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menağızmadım esemif I didn't spill | senağızmadıŋ eseŋif you didn't spill | olağızmadı eseif he didn't spill | bizağızmadıq esekif we didn't spill | sizağızmadığız esegizif you all didn't spill | alaağızmadıla eseleif they didn't spill |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menağızğan esemif I did spill (indeed) | senağızğan eseŋif you did spill (indeed) | olağızğan eseif he did spill (indeed) | bizağızğan esekif we did spill (indeed) | sizağızğan esegizif you all did spill (indeed) | alaağızğan eseleif they did spill (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menağızmağan esemif I didn't spill (indeed) | senağızmağan eseŋif you didn't spill (indeed) | olağızmağan eseif he didn't spill (indeed) | bizağızmağan esekif we didn't spill (indeed) | sizağızmağan esegizif you all didn't spill (indeed) | alaağızmağan eseleif they didn't spill (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menağızğan bolsamif I had spilled | senağızğan bolsaŋif you had spilled | olağızğan bolsaif he had spilled | bizağızğan bolsaqif we had spilled | sizağızğan bolsağızif you all had spilled | alaağızğan bolsalaif they had spilled |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menağızmağan bolsamif I hadn't spilled | senağızmağan bolsaŋif you hadn't spilled | olağızmağan bolsaif he hadn't spilled | bizağızmağan bolsaqif we hadn't spilled | sizağızmağan bolsağızif you all hadn't spilled | alaağızmağan bolsalaif they hadn't spilled |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menağızğan bolsam ediağızğan bolsam edif only I had spilled | senağızğan bolsaŋ ediağızğan bolsaŋ edif only you had spilled | olağızğan bolsa ediağızğan bolsaedif only he had spilled | bizağızğan bolsaq ediağızğan bolsaq edif only we had spilled | sizağızğan bolsağız ediağızğan bolsağız edif only you all had spilled | alaağızğan bolsala ediağızğan bolsalaedif only they had spilled |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menağızmağan bolsam ediağızmağan bolsam edif only I hadn't spilled | senağızmağan bolsaŋ ediağızmağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't spilled | olağızmağan bolsa ediağızmağan bolsaedif only he hadn't spilled | bizağızmağan bolsaq ediağızmağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't spilled | sizağızmağan bolsağız ediağızmağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't spilled | alaağızmağan bolsala ediağızmağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't spilled |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menağızır esemif I will spill | senağızır eseŋif you will spill | olağızır eseif he will spill | bizağızır esekif we will spill | sizağızır esegizif you all will spill | alaağızır eseleif they will spill |
| Conditional, aorist | menağızmaz esemif I won't spill | senağızmaz eseŋif you won't spill | olağızmaz eseif he won't spill | bizağızmaz esekif we won't spill | sizağızmaz esegizif you all won't spill | alaağızmaz eseleif they won't spill |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menağızırıq esemif I am going to spill | senağızırıq eseŋif you are going to spill | olağızırıq eseif he is going to spill | bizağızırıq esekif we are going to spill | sizağızırıq esegizif you all are going to spill | alaağızırıq eseleif they are going to spill |
| Conditional, future | menağızırıq tül esemif I am not going to spill | senağızırıq tül eseŋif you are not going to spill | olağızırıq tül eseif he is not going to spill | bizağızırıq tül esekif we are not going to spill | sizağızırıq tül esegizif you all are not going to spill | alaağızırıq tül eseleif they are not going to spill |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menağızırıq bolsamif I were going to spill | senağızırıq bolsaŋif you were going to spill | olağızırıq bolsaif he were going to spill | bizağızırıq bolsaqif we were going to spill | sizağızırıq bolsağızif you all were going to spill | alaağızırıq bolsalaif they were going to spill |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menağızmazlıq bolsamif I were not going to spill | senağızmazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to spill | olağızmazlıq bolsaif he were not going to spill | bizağızmazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to spill | sizağızmazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to spill | alaağızmazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to spill |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso ağızdıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menağıza bolurmaI must be spilling | senağıza bolursayou must be spilling | olağıza bolurhe must be spilling | bizağıza bolurbuzwe must be spilling | sizağıza bolursuzyou all must be spilling | alaağıza bolurlathey must be spilling |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menağızmay bolurmaI must not be spilling | senağızmay bolursayou must not be spilling | olağızmay bolurhe must not be spilling | bizağızmay bolurbuzwe must not be spilling | sizağızmay bolursuzyou all must not be spilling | alaağızmay bolurlathey must not be spilling |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menağıza tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of spilling | senağıza tura bolursayou must be in the middle of spilling | olağıza tura bolurhe must be in the middle of spilling | bizağıza tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of spilling | sizağıza tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of spilling | alaağıza tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of spilling |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menağızmay tura bolurmaI must keep on not spilling | senağızmay tura bolursayou must keep on not spilling | olağızmay tura bolurhe must keep on not spilling | bizağızmay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not spilling | sizağızmay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not spilling | alaağızmay tura bolurlathey must keep on not spilling |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menağızğan bolurmaI must have spilled | senağızğan bolursayou must have spilled | olağızğan bolurhe must have spilled | bizağızğan bolurbuzwe must have spilled | sizağızğan bolursuzyou all must have spilled | alaağızğan bolurlathey must have spilled |
| Inference (must have) | menağızmağan bolurmaI must not have spilled | senağızmağan bolursayou must not have spilled | olağızmağan bolurhe must not have spilled | bizağızmağan bolurbuzwe must not have spilled | sizağızmağan bolursuzyou all must not have spilled | alaağızmağan bolurlathey must not have spilled |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menağızırıq bolurmaI must be going to spill | senağızırıq bolursayou must be going to spill | olağızırıq bolurhe must be going to spill | bizağızırıq bolurbuzwe must be going to spill | sizağızırıq bolursuzyou all must be going to spill | alaağızırıq bolurlathey must be going to spill |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menağızmazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to spill | senağızmazlıq bolursayou must not be going to spill | olağızmazlıq bolurhe must not be going to spill | bizağızmazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to spill | sizağızmazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to spill | alaağızmazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to spill |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menağızayımlet me spill | senağız!spill! | olağızsınlet him spill | bizağızayıqlet's spill | sizağızığız!spill, you all! | alaağızsınlalet them spill |
| Commands & suggestions | menağızmayımlet me not spill | senağızma!don't spill! | olağızmasınlet him not spill | bizağızmayıqlet's not spill | sizağızmağız!don't spill, you all! | alaağızmasınlalet them not spill |
| Commands & suggestions | menağızayımmı?shall I spill? | olağızsınmı?should he spill? | bizağızayıqmı?shall we spill? | alaağızsınlamı?should they spill? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menağızmayımmı?shall I not spill? | olağızmasınmı?should he not spill? | bizağızmayıqmı?shall we not spill? | alaağızmasınlamı?should they not spill? | ||
| Requests | senağızçı2ağızçınplease spill | olağızsınçıdo let him spill | sizağızçığızplease spill (plural/polite) | alaağızsınlaçıdo let them spill | ||
| Requests | senağızmaçı2ağızmaçınplease don't spill | olağızmasınçıdo let him not spill | sizağızmaçığızplease don't spill (plural/polite) | alaağızmasınlaçıdo let them not spill | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senağızğınağızğımay you spill | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senağızmağınağızmağımay you not spill | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menağızğay edim ağızğa edimwould that I spilled | senağızğay ediŋ ağızğa ediŋwould that you spilled | olağızğay edi ağızğa ediwould that he spilled | bizağızğay edik ağızğa edikwould that we spilled | sizağızğay edigiz ağızğa edigizwould that you all spilled | alaağızğay edile ağızğa edilewould that they spilled |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menağızmağay edim ağızmağa edimwould that I did not spill | senağızmağay ediŋ ağızmağa ediŋwould that you did not spill | olağızmağay edi ağızmağa ediwould that he did not spill | bizağızmağay edik ağızmağa edikwould that we did not spill | sizağızmağay edigiz ağızmağa edigizwould that you all did not spill | alaağızmağay edile ağızmağa edilewould that they did not spill |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menağızmağa qoyayımağızma qoyayımlet me allow someone to spill | senağızmağa qoy!ağızma qoy!let someone spill! | olağızmağa qoysunağızma qoysunlet him allow someone to spill | bizağızmağa qoyayıqağızma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to spill | sizağızmağa qoyuğuz!ağızma qoyuğuz!let someone spill, you all! | alaağızmağa qoysunlaağızma qoysunlalet them allow someone to spill |
| Let someone… (commands) | menağızmağa qoymayımağızma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to spill | senağızmağa qoyma!ağızma qoyma!don't let someone spill! | olağızmağa qoymasınağızma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to spill | bizağızmağa qoymayıqağızma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to spill | sizağızmağa qoymağız!ağızma qoymağız!don't let someone spill, you all! | alaağızmağa qoymasınlaağızma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to spill |
| Let someone… (commands) | menağızmağa qoyayımmı?ağızma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to spill? | olağızmağa qoysunmu?ağızma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to spill? | bizağızmağa qoyayıqmı?ağızma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to spill? | alaağızmağa qoysunlamı?ağızma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to spill? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menağızmağa qoymayımmı?ağızma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to spill? | olağızmağa qoymasınmı?ağızma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to spill? | bizağızmağa qoymayıqmı?ağızma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to spill? | alaağızmağa qoymasınlamı?ağızma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to spill? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menağızmağa qoyamaağızma qoyamaI allow someone to spill | senağızmağa qoyasaağızma qoyasayou allow someone to spill | olağızmağa qoyadıağızma qoyadıhe allows someone to spill | bizağızmağa qoyabızağızma qoyabızwe allow someone to spill | sizağızmağa qoyasızağızma qoyasızyou all allow someone to spill | alaağızmağa qoyadılaağızma qoyadılathey allow someone to spill |
| Let someone… (present) | menağızmağa qoymaymaağızma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to spill | senağızmağa qoymaysaağızma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to spill | olağızmağa qoymaydıağızma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to spill | bizağızmağa qoymaybızağızma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to spill | sizağızmağa qoymaysızağızma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to spill | alaağızmağa qoymaydılaağızma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to spill |
| Let someone… (present) | menağızmağa qoyamamı?ağızma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to spill? | senağızmağa qoyamısa?ağızma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to spill? | olağızmağa qoyamıdı?ağızma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to spill? | bizağızmağa qoyabızmı?ağızma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to spill? | sizağızmağa qoyamısız?ağızma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to spill? | alaağızmağa qoyamıdıla?ağızma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to spill? |
| Let someone… (present) | menağızmağa qoymaymamı?ağızma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to spill? | senağızmağa qoymaymısa?ağızma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to spill? | olağızmağa qoymaymıdı?ağızma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to spill? | bizağızmağa qoymaybızmı?ağızma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to spill? | sizağızmağa qoymaymısız?ağızma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to spill? | alaağızmağa qoymaymıdıla?ağızma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to spill? |
| Let someone… (past) | menağızmağa qoydumağızma qoydumI allowed someone to spill | senağızmağa qoyduŋağızma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to spill | olağızmağa qoyduağızma qoyduhe allowed someone to spill | bizağızmağa qoyduqağızma qoyduqwe allowed someone to spill | sizağızmağa qoyduğuzağızma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to spill | alaağızmağa qoydulaağızma qoydulathey allowed someone to spill |
| Let someone… (past) | menağızmağa qoymadımağızma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to spill | senağızmağa qoymadıŋağızma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to spill | olağızmağa qoymadıağızma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to spill | bizağızmağa qoymadıqağızma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to spill | sizağızmağa qoymadığızağızma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to spill | alaağızmağa qoymadılaağızma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to spill |
| Let someone… (past) | menağızmağa qoydummu?ağızma qoydummu?did I allow someone to spill? | senağızmağa qoyduŋmu?ağızma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to spill? | olağızmağa qoydumu?ağızma qoydumu?did he allow someone to spill? | bizağızmağa qoyduqmu?ağızma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to spill? | sizağızmağa qoyduğuzmu?ağızma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to spill? | alaağızmağa qoydulamı?ağızma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to spill? |
| Let someone… (past) | menağızmağa qoymadımmı?ağızma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to spill? | senağızmağa qoymadıŋmı?ağızma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to spill? | olağızmağa qoymadımı?ağızma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to spill? | bizağızmağa qoymadıqmı?ağızma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to spill? | sizağızmağa qoymadığızmı?ağızma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to spill? | alaağızmağa qoymadılamı?ağızma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to spill? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
ağızalırğa be able to spill · ağızalmazğa be unable to spill
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menağızalamaI can spill | senağızalasayou can spill | olağızaladıhe can spill | bizağızalabızwe can spill | sizağızalasızyou all can spill | alaağızaladılathey can spill |
| Ability — present | menağızalmaymaI can't spill | senağızalmaysayou can't spill | olağızalmaydıhe can't spill | bizağızalmaybızwe can't spill | sizağızalmaysızyou all can't spill | alaağızalmaydılathey can't spill |
| Ability — present | menağızalamamı? ağızalamıma?can I spill? | senağızalamısa?can you spill? | olağızalamıdı?can he spill? | bizağızalabızmı? ağızalamıbız?can we spill? | sizağızalamısız?can you all spill? | alaağızalamıdıla?can they spill? |
| Ability — present | menağızalmaymamı? ağızalmaymıma?can't I spill? | senağızalmaymısa?can't you spill? | olağızalmaymıdı?can't he spill? | bizağızalmaybızmı? ağızalmaymıbız?can't we spill? | sizağızalmaymısız?can't you all spill? | alaağızalmaymıdıla?can't they spill? |
| Ability — if I can… | menağızalsamif I can spill | senağızalsaŋif you can spill | olağızalsaif he can spill | bizağızalsaqif we can spill | sizağızalsağızif you all can spill | alaağızalsalaif they can spill |
| Ability — if I can… | menağızalmasamif I can't spill | senağızalmasaŋif you can't spill | olağızalmasaif he can't spill | bizağızalmasaqif we can't spill | sizağızalmasağızif you all can't spill | alaağızalmasalaif they can't spill |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menağızaldımI was able to spill | senağızaldıŋyou were able to spill | olağızaldıhe was able to spill | bizağızaldıqwe were able to spill | sizağızaldığızyou all were able to spill | alaağızaldılathey were able to spill |
| Ability — simple past | menağızalmadımI could not spill | senağızalmadıŋyou could not spill | olağızalmadıhe could not spill | bizağızalmadıqwe could not spill | sizağızalmadığızyou all could not spill | alaağızalmadılathey could not spill |
| Ability — simple past | menağızaldımmı?was I able to spill? | senağızaldıŋmı?were you able to spill? | olağızaldımı?was he able to spill? | bizağızaldıqmı?were we able to spill? | sizağızaldığızmı?were you all able to spill? | alaağızaldılamı?were they able to spill? |
| Ability — simple past | menağızalmadımmı?couldn't I spill? | senağızalmadıŋmı?couldn't you spill? | olağızalmadımı?couldn't he spill? | bizağızalmadıqmı?couldn't we spill? | sizağızalmadığızmı?couldn't you all spill? | alaağızalmadılamı?couldn't they spill? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menağızalğanmaI have been able to spill | senağızalğansayou have been able to spill | olağızalğandıhe has been able to spill | bizağızalğanbızwe have been able to spill | sizağızalğansızyou all have been able to spill | alaağızalğandılathey have been able to spill |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menağızalmağanmaI haven't been able to spill | senağızalmağansayou haven't been able to spill | olağızalmağandıhe hasn't been able to spill | bizağızalmağanbızwe haven't been able to spill | sizağızalmağansızyou all haven't been able to spill | alaağızalmağandılathey haven't been able to spill |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menağızalğanmamı? ağızalğanmıma?have I been able to spill? | senağızalğanmısa?have you been able to spill? | olağızalğanmıdı?has he been able to spill? | bizağızalğanbızmı? ağızalğanmıbız?have we been able to spill? | sizağızalğanmısız?have you all been able to spill? | alaağızalğanmıdıla?have they been able to spill? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menağızalmağanmamı? ağızalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to spill? | senağızalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to spill? | olağızalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to spill? | bizağızalmağanbızmı? ağızalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to spill? | sizağızalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to spill? | alaağızalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to spill? |
| Ability — past perfect | menağızalğan edimağızalğanemI had been able to spill | senağızalğan ediŋağızalğaneŋyou had been able to spill | olağızalğan ediağızalğanedhe had been able to spill | bizağızalğan edikağızalğanekwe had been able to spill | sizağızalğan edigizağızalğanegizyou all had been able to spill | alaağızalğan edileağızalğanellethey had been able to spill |
| Ability — past perfect | menağızalmağan edimağızalmağanemI hadn't been able to spill | senağızalmağan ediŋağızalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to spill | olağızalmağan ediağızalmağanedhe hadn't been able to spill | bizağızalmağan edikağızalmağanekwe hadn't been able to spill | sizağızalmağan edigizağızalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to spill | alaağızalmağan edileağızalmağanellethey hadn't been able to spill |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menağızala edimağızalaemI could spill | senağızala ediŋağızalaeŋyou could spill | olağızala ediağızalaedhe could spill | bizağızala edikağızalaekwe could spill | sizağızala edigizağızalaegizyou all could spill | alaağızala edileağızalaellethey could spill |
| Ability — past background | menağızalmay edimağızalmayemI could not spill | senağızalmay ediŋağızalmayeŋyou could not spill | olağızalmay ediağızalmayedhe could not spill | bizağızalmay edikağızalmayekwe could not spill | sizağızalmay edigizağızalmayegizyou all could not spill | alaağızalmay edileağızalmayellethey could not spill |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menağızalırmaI will be able to spill | senağızalırsayou will be able to spill | olağızalırhe will be able to spill | bizağızalırbızwe will be able to spill | sizağızalırsızyou all will be able to spill | alaağızalırlathey will be able to spill |
| Ability — future I | menağızalmazmaI won't be able to spill | senağızalmazsayou won't be able to spill | olağızalmazhe won't be able to spill | bizağızalmazbızwe won't be able to spill | sizağızalmazsızyou all won't be able to spill | alaağızalmazlathey won't be able to spill |
| Ability — future I | menağızalırmamı? ağızalırmıma?will I be able to spill? | senağızalırmısa?will you be able to spill? | olağızalırmı?will he be able to spill? | bizağızalırbızmı? ağızalırmıbız?will we be able to spill? | sizağızalırmısız?will you all be able to spill? | alaağızalırlamı? ağızalırmıla?will they be able to spill? |
| Ability — future I | menağızalmazmamı? ağızalmazmıma?won't I be able to spill? | senağızalmazmısa?won't you be able to spill? | olağızalmazmı?won't he be able to spill? | bizağızalmazbızmı? ağızalmazmıbız?won't we be able to spill? | sizağızalmazmısız?won't you all be able to spill? | alaağızalmazlamı? ağızalmazmıla?won't they be able to spill? |
| Ability — future II | menağızallıqmaI am going to be able to spill | senağızallıqsayou are going to be able to spill | olağızallıqdıhe is going to be able to spill | bizağızallıqbızwe are going to be able to spill | sizağızallıqsızyou all are going to be able to spill | alaağızallıqdılathey are going to be able to spill |
| Ability — future II | menağızallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to spill | senağızallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to spill | olağızallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to spill | bizağızallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to spill | sizağızallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to spill | alaağızallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to spill |
| Ability — future II | menağızallıqmamı? ağızallıqmıma?am I going to be able to spill? | senağızallıqmısa?are you going to be able to spill? | olağızallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to spill? | bizağızallıqbızmı? ağızallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to spill? | sizağızallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to spill? | alaağızallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to spill? |
| Ability — future II | menağızallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to spill? | senağızallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to spill? | olağızallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to spill? | bizağızallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to spill? | sizağızallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to spill? | alaağızallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to spill? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menağızalır edimağızalır emI would be able to spill | senağızalır ediŋağızalır eŋyou would be able to spill | olağızalır ediağızalır edhe would be able to spill | bizağızalır edikağızalır ekwe would be able to spill | sizağızalır edigizağızalır egizyou all would be able to spill | alaağızalır edileağızalır ellethey would be able to spill |
| Ability — would be able to… | menağızalmaz edimağızalmaz emI wouldn't be able to spill | senağızalmaz ediŋağızalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to spill | olağızalmaz ediağızalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to spill | bizağızalmaz edikağızalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to spill | sizağızalmaz edigizağızalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to spill | alaağızalmaz edileağızalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to spill |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senağızalğınağızalğımay you be able to spill | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senağızalmağınağızalmağımay you not be able to spill | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menağızırğa izleymeI want to spill | senağızırğa izleyseyou want to spill | olağızırğa izleydihe wants to spill | bizağızırğa izleybizwe want to spill | sizağızırğa izleysizyou all want to spill | alaağızırğa izleydilethey want to spill |
| want to | menağızırğa izlemeymeI do not want to spill | senağızırğa izlemeyseyou do not want to spill | olağızırğa izlemeydihe does not want to spill | bizağızırğa izlemeybizwe do not want to spill | sizağızırğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to spill | alaağızırğa izlemeydilethey do not want to spill |
| would like to | menağızırğa süemeI would like to spill | senağızırğa süeseyou would like to spill | olağızırğa süedihe would like to spill | bizağızırğa süebizwe would like to spill | sizağızırğa süesizyou all would like to spill | alaağızırğa süedilethey would like to spill |
| would like to | menağızırğa süymeymeI would not like to spill | senağızırğa süymeyseyou would not like to spill | olağızırğa süymeydihe would not like to spill | bizağızırğa süymeybizwe would not like to spill | sizağızırğa süymeysizyou all would not like to spill | alaağızırğa süymeydilethey would not like to spill |
| hope to | menağızırğa umutlanamaI hope to spill | senağızırğa umutlanasayou hope to spill | olağızırğa umutlanadıhe hopes to spill | bizağızırğa umutlanabızwe hope to spill | sizağızırğa umutlanasızyou all hope to spill | alaağızırğa umutlanadılathey hope to spill |
| hope to | menağızırğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to spill | senağızırğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to spill | olağızırğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to spill | bizağızırğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to spill | sizağızırğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to spill | alaağızırğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to spill |
| be about to | menağızırğa deb turamaI am about to spill | senağızırğa deb turasayou are about to spill | olağızırğa deb turadıhe is about to spill | bizağızırğa deb turabızwe are about to spill | sizağızırğa deb turasızyou all are about to spill | alaağızırğa deb turadılathey are about to spill |
| be about to | menağızırğa deb turmaymaI am not about to spill | senağızırğa deb turmaysayou are not about to spill | olağızırğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to spill | bizağızırğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to spill | sizağızırğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to spill | alaağızırğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to spill |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menağızırğa kerekmeI need to spill | senağızırğa kerekseyou need to spill | olağızırğa kerekdihe needs to spill | bizağızırğa kerekbizwe need to spill | sizağızırğa kereksizyou all need to spill | alaağızırğa kerekdilethey need to spill |
| need to | menağızırğa kerek tülmeI do not need to spill | senağızırğa kerek tülseyou do not need to spill | olağızırğa kerek tüldühe does not need to spill | bizağızırğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to spill | sizağızırğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to spill | alaağızırğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to spill |
| have to | menmenŋe ağızırğa tüşediI have to spill | sensenŋe ağızırğa tüşediyou have to spill | olaŋa ağızırğa tüşedihe has to spill | bizbizge ağızırğa tüşediwe have to spill | sizsizge ağızırğa tüşediyou all have to spill | alaalağa ağızırğa tüşedithey have to spill |
| have to | menmenŋe ağızırğa tüşmeydiI do not have to spill | sensenŋe ağızırğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to spill | olaŋa ağızırğa tüşmeydihe does not have to spill | bizbizge ağızırğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to spill | sizsizge ağızırğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to spill | alaalağa ağızırğa tüşmeydithey do not have to spill |
| be obliged to | menağızırğa borçlumaI am obliged to spill | senağızırğa borçlusayou are obliged to spill | olağızırğa borçluduhe is obliged to spill | bizağızırğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to spill | sizağızırğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to spill | alaağızırğa borçludulathey are obliged to spill |
| be obliged to | menağızırğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to spill | senağızırğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to spill | olağızırğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to spill | bizağızırğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to spill | sizağızırğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to spill | alaağızırğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to spill |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menağızırğa madarım bardıI have a way to spill | senağızırğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to spill | olağızırğa madarı bardıhe has a way to spill | bizağızırğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to spill | sizağızırğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to spill | alaağızırğa madarları bardıthey have a way to spill |
| have a way to | menağızırğa madarım joqduI have no way to spill | senağızırğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to spill | olağızırğa madarı joqduhe has no way to spill | bizağızırğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to spill | sizağızırğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to spill | alaağızırğa madarları joqduthey have no way to spill |
| be free to | menağızırğa erkinligim bardıI am free to spill | senağızırğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to spill | olağızırğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to spill | bizağızırğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to spill | sizağızırğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to spill | alaağızırğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to spill |
| be free to | menağızırğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to spill | senağızırğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to spill | olağızırğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to spill | bizağızırğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to spill | sizağızırğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to spill | alaağızırğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to spill |
| be possible to | menmenŋe ağızırğa bolluqduit is possible for me to spill | sensenŋe ağızırğa bolluqduit is possible for you to spill | olaŋa ağızırğa bolluqduit is possible for him to spill | bizbizge ağızırğa bolluqduit is possible for us to spill | sizsizge ağızırğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to spill | alaalağa ağızırğa bolluqduit is possible for them to spill |
| be possible to | menmenŋe ağızırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to spill | sensenŋe ağızırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to spill | olaŋa ağızırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to spill | bizbizge ağızırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to spill | sizsizge ağızırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to spill | alaalağa ağızırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to spill |
| be ready to | menağızırğa hazırmaI am ready to spill | senağızırğa hazırsayou are ready to spill | olağızırğa hazırdıhe is ready to spill | bizağızırğa hazırbızwe are ready to spill | sizağızırğa hazırsızyou all are ready to spill | alaağızırğa hazırdılathey are ready to spill |
| be ready to | menağızırğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to spill | senağızırğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to spill | olağızırğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to spill | bizağızırğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to spill | sizağızırğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to spill | alaağızırğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to spill |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menağızırğa küreşemeI am trying to spill | senağızırğa küreşeseyou are trying to spill | olağızırğa küreşedihe is trying to spill | bizağızırğa küreşebizwe are trying to spill | sizağızırğa küreşesizyou all are trying to spill | alaağızırğa küreşedilethey are trying to spill |
| try to | menağızırğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to spill | senağızırğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to spill | olağızırğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to spill | bizağızırğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to spill | sizağızırğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to spill | alaağızırğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to spill |
| agree to | menağızırğa unaymaI agree to spill | senağızırğa unaysayou agree to spill | olağızırğa unaydıhe agrees to spill | bizağızırğa unaybızwe agree to spill | sizağızırğa unaysızyou all agree to spill | alaağızırğa unaydılathey agree to spill |
| agree to | menağızırğa unamaymaI refuse to spill | senağızırğa unamaysayou refuse to spill | olağızırğa unamaydıhe refuses to spill | bizağızırğa unamaybızwe refuse to spill | sizağızırğa unamaysızyou all refuse to spill | alaağızırğa unamaydılathey refuse to spill |
| hurry to | menağızırğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to spill | senağızırğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to spill | olağızırğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to spill | bizağızırğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to spill | sizağızırğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to spill | alaağızırğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to spill |
| hurry to | menağızırğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to spill | senağızırğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to spill | olağızırğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to spill | bizağızırğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to spill | sizağızırğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to spill | alaağızırğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to spill |
| be afraid to | menağızırğa qorqamaI am afraid to spill | senağızırğa qorqasayou are afraid to spill | olağızırğa qorqadıhe is afraid to spill | bizağızırğa qorqabızwe are afraid to spill | sizağızırğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to spill | alaağızırğa qorqadılathey are afraid to spill |
| be afraid to | menağızırğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to spill | senağızırğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to spill | olağızırğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to spill | bizağızırğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to spill | sizağızırğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to spill | alaağızırğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to spill |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menağıza bolmazmaI can't be spilling | senağıza bolmazsayou can't be spilling | olağıza bolmazhe can't be spilling | bizağıza bolmazbızwe can't be spilling | sizağıza bolmazsızyou all can't be spilling | alaağıza bolmazlathey can't be spilling |
| Inference, present — double negation | menağızmay bolmazmaI must be spilling (emphatic) | senağızmay bolmazsayou must be spilling (emphatic) | olağızmay bolmazhe must be spilling (emphatic) | bizağızmay bolmazbızwe must be spilling (emphatic) | sizağızmay bolmazsızyou all must be spilling (emphatic) | alaağızmay bolmazlathey must be spilling (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menağıza turmasamif I don't keep spilling | senağıza turmasaŋif you don't keep spilling | olağıza turmasaif he doesn't keep spilling | bizağıza turmasaqif we don't keep spilling | sizağıza turmasağızif you all don't keep spilling | alaağıza turmasalaif they don't keep spilling |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menağıza tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of spilling | senağıza tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of spilling | olağıza tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of spilling | bizağıza tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of spilling | sizağıza tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of spilling | alaağıza tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of spilling |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menağızmay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not spilling (emphatic) | senağızmay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not spilling (emphatic) | olağızmay tura bolmazhe must keep on not spilling (emphatic) | bizağızmay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not spilling (emphatic) | sizağızmay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not spilling (emphatic) | alaağızmay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not spilling (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menağızmay turamaI keep on not spilling | senağızmay turasayou keep on not spilling | olağızmay turadıhe keeps on not spilling | bizağızmay turabızwe keep on not spilling | sizağızmay turasızyou all keep on not spilling | alaağızmay turadılathey keep on not spilling |
| Progressive — double negation | menağızmay turmaymaI am not keeping on not spilling | senağızmay turmaysayou are not keeping on not spilling | olağızmay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not spilling | bizağızmay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not spilling | sizağızmay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not spilling | alaağızmay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not spilling |
| Progressive — double negation | menağızmay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not spilling? | senağızmay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not spilling? | olağızmay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not spilling? | bizağızmay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not spilling? | sizağızmay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not spilling? | alaağızmay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not spilling? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menağızğan bolmazmaI can't have spilled | senağızğan bolmazsayou can't have spilled | olağızğan bolmazhe can't have spilled | bizağızğan bolmazbızwe can't have spilled | sizağızğan bolmazsızyou all can't have spilled | alaağızğan bolmazlathey can't have spilled |
| Inference — double negation | menağızmağan bolmazmaI must have spilled (emphatic) | senağızmağan bolmazsayou must have spilled (emphatic) | olağızmağan bolmazhe must have spilled (emphatic) | bizağızmağan bolmazbızwe must have spilled (emphatic) | sizağızmağan bolmazsızyou all must have spilled (emphatic) | alaağızmağan bolmazlathey must have spilled (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menağızğan bolmasamif it weren't that I had spilled | senağızğan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had spilled | olağızğan bolmasaif it weren't that he had spilled | bizağızğan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had spilled | sizağızğan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had spilled | alaağızğan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had spilled |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menağızmağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't spilled | senağızmağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't spilled | olağızmağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't spilled | bizağızmağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't spilled | sizağızmağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't spilled | alaağızmağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't spilled |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menağızırıq bolmazmaI can't be going to spill | senağızırıq bolmazsayou can't be going to spill | olağızırıq bolmazhe can't be going to spill | bizağızırıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to spill | sizağızırıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to spill | alaağızırıq bolmazlathey can't be going to spill |
| Inference, future — double negation | menağızmazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to spill (emphatic) | senağızmazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to spill (emphatic) | olağızmazlıq bolmazhe must be going to spill (emphatic) | bizağızmazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to spill (emphatic) | sizağızmazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to spill (emphatic) | alaağızmazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to spill (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menağızırıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to spill | senağızırıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to spill | olağızırıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to spill | bizağızırıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to spill | sizağızırıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to spill | alaağızırıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to spill |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menağızmazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to spill | senağızmazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to spill | olağızmazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to spill | bizağızmazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to spill | sizağızmazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to spill | alaağızmazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to spill |