quyarğa
/qujarʁa/
1. pour, pour out, strew, tip out — Used of water and other liquids, and also of grain, flour, sand and other dry things.
- suw quyçu — pour some water
- çelekge suw quy — pour water into the bucket
- otha suw quy — pour water on the fire
- qoluma suw quyçu — pour some water over my hands
- men suw quyama — I am pouring water
- aŋa suw quydum — I poured him water
- ol sütnü quydu — he poured the milk
- benzin quyarğa — to fill up with gasoline
- unnu gürbege quyarğa — to pour the flour into the bin
- jolğa qum quyarğa — to strew sand on the road
- jolğa qum quydula — they strewed sand on the road
- artıq quyarğa — to pour in too much
2. pour down, come down heavily — Said of rain and snow.
- jaŋur quyadı — the rain is pouring down
- qar quyadı — the snow is coming down heavily
- jaŋur quydu — the rain poured down
- jaŋur quyub tebredi — the rain began to pour
3. bring in, gather, herd in — Said of driving people or livestock into a place. one source
- mallanı özenŋe quydula — they herded the cattle into the valley
- mallanı tawdan özenŋe quyarğa — to bring the cattle down from the mountain to the valley
- adamlanı beri nek quyğansa — why have you brought all these people here
- türmege quyarğa — to throw into prison
4. cast, smelt metal — Also used of striking coins.
- çoyun quyarğa — to cast pig iron
- temirni quyarğa — to cast the iron
- ustala çoyun quyadıla — the craftsmen cast pig iron
- eki tonna çoyun quyarğa — to smelt two tons of pig iron
- tob quyarğa — to cast cannons
- köb quyarğa — to cast a great many
5. tip over, overturn, sweep away one source
- arbanı quyarğa — to overturn the cart
- jel terekni suwğa quydu — the wind tipped the tree into the river
- jaŋur ırhı arbanı suwğa quydu — the rain flood swept the cart into the river
6. shower, heap on, produce in great quantity
- açhanı quyarğa — to make a lot of money
- qarğışnı quyarğa — to heap up curses
- bazarğa zatlanı quyarğa — to flood the market with goods
Expressions
- açı jarasına tuz quyarğa — rub salt in
- çelekden quyğanlay jawarğa — pour down
- duniyanı quyarğa — scold harshly
- janŋan otha jaw quyarğa — inflame a quarrel
Conjugation
Common forms
- quyadıhe is pouring
- quyduhe poured
- quyğandıhe has poured
- quyarhe will pour
- quyarıqdıhe is going to pour
- quya edihe was pouring
- quysaif he pours
- quy!pour!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menquyamaI am pouring | senquyasayou are pouring | olquyadıhe is pouring | bizquyabızwe are pouring | sizquyasızyou all are pouring | alaquyadılathey are pouring |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menquymaymaI am not pouring | senquymaysayou are not pouring | olquymaydıhe is not pouring | bizquymaybızwe are not pouring | sizquymaysızyou all are not pouring | alaquymaydılathey are not pouring |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menquyamamı? quyamıma?am I pouring? | senquyamısa?are you pouring? | olquyamıdı?is he pouring? | bizquyabızmı? quyamıbız?are we pouring? | sizquyamısız?are you all pouring? | alaquyamıdıla?are they pouring? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menquymaymamı? quymaymıma?aren't I pouring? | senquymaymısa?aren't you pouring? | olquymaymıdı?isn't he pouring? | bizquymaybızmı? quymaymıbız?aren't we pouring? | sizquymaymısız?aren't you all pouring? | alaquymaymıdıla?aren't they pouring? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menquyuwçanmaI usually pour | senquyuwçansayou usually pour | olquyuwçandıhe usually pours | bizquyuwçanbızwe usually pour | sizquyuwçansızyou all usually pour | alaquyuwçandılathey usually pour |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menquymawçanmaI usually don't pour | senquymawçansayou usually don't pour | olquymawçandıhe usually doesn't pour | bizquymawçanbızwe usually don't pour | sizquymawçansızyou all usually don't pour | alaquymawçandılathey usually don't pour |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menquyuwçanmamı? quyuwçanmıma?do I usually pour? | senquyuwçanmısa?do you usually pour? | olquyuwçanmıdı?does he usually pour? | bizquyuwçanbızmı? quyuwçanmıbız?do we usually pour? | sizquyuwçanmısız?do you all usually pour? | alaquyuwçanmıdıla?do they usually pour? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menquymawçanmamı? quymawçanmıma?do I usually not pour? | senquymawçanmısa?do you usually not pour? | olquymawçanmıdı?does he usually not pour? | bizquymawçanbızmı? quymawçanmıbız?do we usually not pour? | sizquymawçanmısız?do you all usually not pour? | alaquymawçanmıdıla?do they usually not pour? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olquyubduhe has poured and remains so | alaquyubdulathey have poured and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olquyubmudu?has he poured? | alaquyubmudula?have they poured? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menquyub turamaI keep pouring | senquyub turasayou keep pouring | olquyub turadıhe keeps pouring | bizquyub turabızwe keep pouring | sizquyub turasızyou all keep pouring | alaquyub turadılathey keep pouring |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menquyub turmaymaI don't keep pouring | senquyub turmaysayou don't keep pouring | olquyub turmaydıhe doesn't keep pouring | bizquyub turmaybızwe don't keep pouring | sizquyub turmaysızyou all don't keep pouring | alaquyub turmaydılathey don't keep pouring |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menquyub turamamı? quyub turamıma?do I keep pouring? | senquyub turamısa?do you keep pouring? | olquyub turamıdı?does he keep pouring? | bizquyub turabızmı? quyub turamıbız?do we keep pouring? | sizquyub turamısız?do you all keep pouring? | alaquyub turamıdıla?do they keep pouring? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menquyub turmaymamı? quyub turmaymıma?don't I keep pouring? | senquyub turmaymısa?don't you keep pouring? | olquyub turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep pouring? | bizquyub turmaybızmı? quyub turmaymıbız?don't we keep pouring? | sizquyub turmaymısız?don't you all keep pouring? | alaquyub turmaymıdıla?don't they keep pouring? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menquya turamaI am in the middle of pouring | senquya turasayou are in the middle of pouring | olquya turadıhe is in the middle of pouring | bizquya turabızwe are in the middle of pouring | sizquya turasızyou all are in the middle of pouring | alaquya turadılathey are in the middle of pouring |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menquya turmaymaI am not in the middle of pouring | senquya turmaysayou are not in the middle of pouring | olquya turmaydıhe is not in the middle of pouring | bizquya turmaybızwe are not in the middle of pouring | sizquya turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of pouring | alaquya turmaydılathey are not in the middle of pouring |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menquya turamamı? quya turamıma?am I in the middle of pouring? | senquya turamısa?are you in the middle of pouring? | olquya turamıdı?is he in the middle of pouring? | bizquya turabızmı? quya turamıbız?are we in the middle of pouring? | sizquya turamısız?are you all in the middle of pouring? | alaquya turamıdıla?are they in the middle of pouring? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menquya turmaymamı? quya turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of pouring? | senquya turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of pouring? | olquya turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of pouring? | bizquya turmaybızmı? quya turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of pouring? | sizquya turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of pouring? | alaquya turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of pouring? |
| Simple past (definite) | menquydumI poured | senquyduŋyou poured | olquyduhe poured | bizquyduqwe poured | sizquyduğuzyou all poured | alaquydulathey poured |
| Simple past (definite) | menquymadımI didn't pour | senquymadıŋyou didn't pour | olquymadıhe didn't pour | bizquymadıqwe didn't pour | sizquymadığızyou all didn't pour | alaquymadılathey didn't pour |
| Simple past (definite) | menquydummu?did I pour? | senquyduŋmu?did you pour? | olquydumu?did he pour? | bizquyduqmu?did we pour? | sizquyduğuzmu?did you all pour? | alaquydulamı?did they pour? |
| Simple past (definite) | menquymadımmı?didn't I pour? | senquymadıŋmı?didn't you pour? | olquymadımı?didn't he pour? | bizquymadıqmı?didn't we pour? | sizquymadığızmı?didn't you all pour? | alaquymadılamı?didn't they pour? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menquyğanmaI have poured | senquyğansayou have poured | olquyğandıhe has poured | bizquyğanbızwe have poured | sizquyğansızyou all have poured | alaquyğandılathey have poured |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menquymağanmaI haven't poured | senquymağansayou haven't poured | olquymağandıhe hasn't poured | bizquymağanbızwe haven't poured | sizquymağansızyou all haven't poured | alaquymağandılathey haven't poured |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menquyğanmamı? quyğanmıma?have I poured? | senquyğanmısa?have you poured? | olquyğanmıdı?has he poured? | bizquyğanbızmı? quyğanmıbız?have we poured? | sizquyğanmısız?have you all poured? | alaquyğanmıdıla?have they poured? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menquymağanmamı? quymağanmıma?haven't I poured? | senquymağanmısa?haven't you poured? | olquymağanmıdı?hasn't he poured? | bizquymağanbızmı? quymağanmıbız?haven't we poured? | sizquymağanmısız?haven't you all poured? | alaquymağanmıdıla?haven't they poured? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menquyub turdumI kept pouring | senquyub turduŋyou kept pouring | olquyub turduhe kept pouring | bizquyub turduqwe kept pouring | sizquyub turduğuzyou all kept pouring | alaquyub turdulathey kept pouring |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menquyub turmadımI didn't keep pouring | senquyub turmadıŋyou didn't keep pouring | olquyub turmadıhe didn't keep pouring | bizquyub turmadıqwe didn't keep pouring | sizquyub turmadığızyou all didn't keep pouring | alaquyub turmadılathey didn't keep pouring |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menquyarmaI will pour | senquyarsayou will pour | olquyarhe will pour | bizquyarbızwe will pour | sizquyarsızyou all will pour | alaquyarlathey will pour |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menquymazmaI won't pour | senquymazsayou won't pour | olquymazhe won't pour | bizquymazbızwe won't pour | sizquymazsızyou all won't pour | alaquymazlathey won't pour |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menquyarmamı? quyarmıma?will I pour? | senquyarmısa?will you pour? | olquyarmı?will he pour? | bizquyarbızmı? quyarmıbız?will we pour? | sizquyarmısız?will you all pour? | alaquyarlamı? quyarmıla?will they pour? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menquymazmamı? quymazmıma?won't I pour? | senquymazmısa?won't you pour? | olquymazmı?won't he pour? | bizquymazbızmı? quymazmıbız?won't we pour? | sizquymazmısız?won't you all pour? | alaquymazlamı? quymazmıla?won't they pour? |
| Definite future (future II) | menquyarıqmaI am going to pour | senquyarıqsayou are going to pour | olquyarıqdıhe is going to pour | bizquyarıqbızwe are going to pour | sizquyarıqsızyou all are going to pour | alaquyarıqdılathey are going to pour |
| Definite future (future II) | menquyarıq tülmeI am not going to pour | senquyarıq tülseyou are not going to pour | olquyarıq tüldühe is not going to pour | bizquyarıq tülbüzwe are not going to pour | sizquyarıq tülsüzyou all are not going to pour | alaquyarıq tüldülethey are not going to pour |
| Definite future (future II) | menquyarıqmamı? quyarıqmıma?am I going to pour? | senquyarıqmısa?are you going to pour? | olquyarıqmıdı?is he going to pour? | bizquyarıqbızmı? quyarıqmıbız?are we going to pour? | sizquyarıqmısız?are you all going to pour? | alaquyarıqmıdıla?are they going to pour? |
| Definite future (future II) | menquyarıq tülmüme?aren't I going to pour? | senquyarıq tülmüse?aren't you going to pour? | olquyarıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to pour? | bizquyarıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to pour? | sizquyarıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to pour? | alaquyarıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to pour? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menquyğan edimquyğanemI had poured | senquyğan ediŋquyğaneŋyou had poured | olquyğan ediquyğanedhe had poured | bizquyğan edikquyğanekwe had poured | sizquyğan edigizquyğanegizyou all had poured | alaquyğan edilequyğanellethey had poured |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menquymağan edimquymağanemI hadn't poured | senquymağan ediŋquymağaneŋyou hadn't poured | olquymağan ediquymağanedhe hadn't poured | bizquymağan edikquymağanekwe hadn't poured | sizquymağan edigizquymağanegizyou all hadn't poured | alaquymağan edilequymağanellethey hadn't poured |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menquya edimquyaemI was pouring | senquya ediŋquyaeŋyou were pouring | olquya ediquyaedhe was pouring | bizquya edikquyaekwe were pouring | sizquya edigizquyaegizyou all were pouring | alaquya edilequyaellethey were pouring |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menquymay edimquymayemI wasn't pouring | senquymay ediŋquymayeŋyou weren't pouring | olquymay ediquymayedhe wasn't pouring | bizquymay edikquymayekwe weren't pouring | sizquymay edigizquymayegizyou all weren't pouring | alaquymay edilequymayellethey weren't pouring |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menquyuwçan edimquyuwçanemI used to pour | senquyuwçan ediŋquyuwçaneŋyou used to pour | olquyuwçan ediquyuwçanedhe used to pour | bizquyuwçan edikquyuwçanekwe used to pour | sizquyuwçan edigizquyuwçanegizyou all used to pour | alaquyuwçan edilequyuwçanellethey used to pour |
| Habitual past (used to) | menquymawçan edimquymawçanemI didn't use to pour | senquymawçan ediŋquymawçaneŋyou didn't use to pour | olquymawçan ediquymawçanedhe didn't use to pour | bizquymawçan edikquymawçanekwe didn't use to pour | sizquymawçan edigizquymawçanegizyou all didn't use to pour | alaquymawçan edilequymawçanellethey didn't use to pour |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olquyub edihe had poured and remained so | alaquyub edilethey had poured and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olquyub tül edihe hadn't poured | alaquyub tül edilethey hadn't poured | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menquyub tura edimquyub turaemI had kept pouring | senquyub tura ediŋquyub turaeŋyou had kept pouring | olquyub tura ediquyub turaedhe had kept pouring | bizquyub tura edikquyub turaekwe had kept pouring | sizquyub tura edigizquyub turaegizyou all had kept pouring | alaquyub tura edilequyub turaellethey had kept pouring |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menquyub turmay edimquyub turmayemI hadn't kept pouring | senquyub turmay ediŋquyub turmayeŋyou hadn't kept pouring | olquyub turmay ediquyub turmayedhe hadn't kept pouring | bizquyub turmay edikquyub turmayekwe hadn't kept pouring | sizquyub turmay edigizquyub turmayegizyou all hadn't kept pouring | alaquyub turmay edilequyub turmayellethey hadn't kept pouring |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menquya tura edimquya turaemI was in the middle of pouring | senquya tura ediŋquya turaeŋyou were in the middle of pouring | olquya tura ediquya turaedhe was in the middle of pouring | bizquya tura edikquya turaekwe were in the middle of pouring | sizquya tura edigizquya turaegizyou all were in the middle of pouring | alaquya tura edilequya turaellethey were in the middle of pouring |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menquya turmay edimquya turmayemI wasn't in the middle of pouring | senquya turmay ediŋquya turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of pouring | olquya turmay ediquya turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of pouring | bizquya turmay edikquya turmayekwe weren't in the middle of pouring | sizquya turmay edigizquya turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of pouring | alaquya turmay edilequya turmayellethey weren't in the middle of pouring |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menquyar edimquyar emI would pour | senquyar ediŋquyar eŋyou would pour | olquyar ediquyar edhe would pour | bizquyar edikquyar ekwe would pour | sizquyar edigizquyar egizyou all would pour | alaquyar edilequyar ellethey would pour |
| Conditional result (would) | menquymaz edimquymaz emI wouldn't pour | senquymaz ediŋquymaz eŋyou wouldn't pour | olquymaz ediquymaz edhe wouldn't pour | bizquymaz edikquymaz ekwe wouldn't pour | sizquymaz edigizquymaz egizyou all wouldn't pour | alaquymaz edilequymaz ellethey wouldn't pour |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menquyarıq edimquyarıq emI would have poured | senquyarıq ediŋquyarıq eŋyou would have poured | olquyarıq ediquyarıq edhe would have poured | bizquyarıq edikquyarıq ekwe would have poured | sizquyarıq edigizquyarıq egizyou all would have poured | alaquyarıq edilequyarıq ellethey would have poured |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menquyarıq tül edimquyarıq tül emI wouldn't have poured | senquyarıq tül ediŋquyarıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have poured | olquyarıq tül ediquyarıq tül edhe wouldn't have poured | bizquyarıq tül edikquyarıq tül ekwe wouldn't have poured | sizquyarıq tül edigizquyarıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have poured | alaquyarıq tül edilequyarıq tül ellethey wouldn't have poured |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menquysamif I pour | senquysaŋif you pour | olquysaif he pours | bizquysaqif we pour | sizquysağızif you all pour | alaquysalaif they pour |
| Conditional | menquymasamif I don't pour | senquymasaŋif you don't pour | olquymasaif he doesn't pour | bizquymasaqif we don't pour | sizquymasağızif you all don't pour | alaquymasalaif they don't pour |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menquya esemif I am pouring | senquya eseŋif you are pouring | olquya eseif he is pouring | bizquya esekif we are pouring | sizquya esegizif you all are pouring | alaquya eseleif they are pouring |
| Conditional, present real | menquymay esemif I am not pouring | senquymay eseŋif you are not pouring | olquymay eseif he is not pouring | bizquymay esekif we are not pouring | sizquymay esegizif you all are not pouring | alaquymay eseleif they are not pouring |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menquysam ediquysam edif only I poured | senquysaŋ ediquysaŋ edif only you poured | olquysa ediquysaedif only he poured | bizquysaq ediquysaq edif only we poured | sizquysağız ediquysağız edif only you all poured | alaquysala ediquysalaedif only they poured |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menquymasam ediquymasam edif only I didn't pour | senquymasaŋ ediquymasaŋ edif only you didn't pour | olquymasa ediquymasaedif only he didn't pour | bizquymasaq ediquymasaq edif only we didn't pour | sizquymasağız ediquymasağız edif only you all didn't pour | alaquymasala ediquymasalaedif only they didn't pour |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menquyub tursamif I carry on pouring | senquyub tursaŋif you carry on pouring | olquyub tursaif he carries on pouring | bizquyub tursaqif we carry on pouring | sizquyub tursağızif you all carry on pouring | alaquyub tursalaif they carry on pouring |
| Durative conditional | menquyub turmasamif I don't carry on pouring | senquyub turmasaŋif you don't carry on pouring | olquyub turmasaif he doesn't carry on pouring | bizquyub turmasaqif we don't carry on pouring | sizquyub turmasağızif you all don't carry on pouring | alaquyub turmasalaif they don't carry on pouring |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menquyub tura esemif I have kept pouring | senquyub tura eseŋif you have kept pouring | olquyub tura eseif he has kept pouring | bizquyub tura esekif we have kept pouring | sizquyub tura esegizif you all have kept pouring | alaquyub tura eseleif they have kept pouring |
| Durative conditional, present real | menquyub turmay esemif I haven't kept pouring | senquyub turmay eseŋif you haven't kept pouring | olquyub turmay eseif he hasn't kept pouring | bizquyub turmay esekif we haven't kept pouring | sizquyub turmay esegizif you all haven't kept pouring | alaquyub turmay eseleif they haven't kept pouring |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menquya tursamif I keep pouring | senquya tursaŋif you keep pouring | olquya tursaif he keeps pouring | bizquya tursaqif we keep pouring | sizquya tursağızif you all keep pouring | alaquya tursalaif they keep pouring |
| Progressive conditional | menquymay tursamif I keep on not pouring | senquymay tursaŋif you keep on not pouring | olquymay tursaif he keeps on not pouring | bizquymay tursaqif we keep on not pouring | sizquymay tursağızif you all keep on not pouring | alaquymay tursalaif they keep on not pouring |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menquya tura esemif I am in the middle of pouring | senquya tura eseŋif you are in the middle of pouring | olquya tura eseif he is in the middle of pouring | bizquya tura esekif we are in the middle of pouring | sizquya tura esegizif you all are in the middle of pouring | alaquya tura eseleif they are in the middle of pouring |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menquymay tura esemif I keep on not pouring | senquymay tura eseŋif you keep on not pouring | olquymay tura eseif he keeps on not pouring | bizquymay tura esekif we keep on not pouring | sizquymay tura esegizif you all keep on not pouring | alaquymay tura eseleif they keep on not pouring |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menquydum esemif I poured | senquyduŋ eseŋif you poured | olquydu eseif he poured | bizquyduq esekif we poured | sizquyduğuz esegizif you all poured | alaquydula eseleif they poured |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menquymadım esemif I didn't pour | senquymadıŋ eseŋif you didn't pour | olquymadı eseif he didn't pour | bizquymadıq esekif we didn't pour | sizquymadığız esegizif you all didn't pour | alaquymadıla eseleif they didn't pour |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menquyğan esemif I did pour (indeed) | senquyğan eseŋif you did pour (indeed) | olquyğan eseif he did pour (indeed) | bizquyğan esekif we did pour (indeed) | sizquyğan esegizif you all did pour (indeed) | alaquyğan eseleif they did pour (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menquymağan esemif I didn't pour (indeed) | senquymağan eseŋif you didn't pour (indeed) | olquymağan eseif he didn't pour (indeed) | bizquymağan esekif we didn't pour (indeed) | sizquymağan esegizif you all didn't pour (indeed) | alaquymağan eseleif they didn't pour (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menquyğan bolsamif I had poured | senquyğan bolsaŋif you had poured | olquyğan bolsaif he had poured | bizquyğan bolsaqif we had poured | sizquyğan bolsağızif you all had poured | alaquyğan bolsalaif they had poured |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menquymağan bolsamif I hadn't poured | senquymağan bolsaŋif you hadn't poured | olquymağan bolsaif he hadn't poured | bizquymağan bolsaqif we hadn't poured | sizquymağan bolsağızif you all hadn't poured | alaquymağan bolsalaif they hadn't poured |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menquyğan bolsam ediquyğan bolsam edif only I had poured | senquyğan bolsaŋ ediquyğan bolsaŋ edif only you had poured | olquyğan bolsa ediquyğan bolsaedif only he had poured | bizquyğan bolsaq ediquyğan bolsaq edif only we had poured | sizquyğan bolsağız ediquyğan bolsağız edif only you all had poured | alaquyğan bolsala ediquyğan bolsalaedif only they had poured |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menquymağan bolsam ediquymağan bolsam edif only I hadn't poured | senquymağan bolsaŋ ediquymağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't poured | olquymağan bolsa ediquymağan bolsaedif only he hadn't poured | bizquymağan bolsaq ediquymağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't poured | sizquymağan bolsağız ediquymağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't poured | alaquymağan bolsala ediquymağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't poured |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menquyar esemif I will pour | senquyar eseŋif you will pour | olquyar eseif he will pour | bizquyar esekif we will pour | sizquyar esegizif you all will pour | alaquyar eseleif they will pour |
| Conditional, aorist | menquymaz esemif I won't pour | senquymaz eseŋif you won't pour | olquymaz eseif he won't pour | bizquymaz esekif we won't pour | sizquymaz esegizif you all won't pour | alaquymaz eseleif they won't pour |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menquyarıq esemif I am going to pour | senquyarıq eseŋif you are going to pour | olquyarıq eseif he is going to pour | bizquyarıq esekif we are going to pour | sizquyarıq esegizif you all are going to pour | alaquyarıq eseleif they are going to pour |
| Conditional, future | menquyarıq tül esemif I am not going to pour | senquyarıq tül eseŋif you are not going to pour | olquyarıq tül eseif he is not going to pour | bizquyarıq tül esekif we are not going to pour | sizquyarıq tül esegizif you all are not going to pour | alaquyarıq tül eseleif they are not going to pour |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menquyarıq bolsamif I were going to pour | senquyarıq bolsaŋif you were going to pour | olquyarıq bolsaif he were going to pour | bizquyarıq bolsaqif we were going to pour | sizquyarıq bolsağızif you all were going to pour | alaquyarıq bolsalaif they were going to pour |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menquymazlıq bolsamif I were not going to pour | senquymazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to pour | olquymazlıq bolsaif he were not going to pour | bizquymazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to pour | sizquymazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to pour | alaquymazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to pour |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso quyduŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menquya bolurmaI must be pouring | senquya bolursayou must be pouring | olquya bolurhe must be pouring | bizquya bolurbuzwe must be pouring | sizquya bolursuzyou all must be pouring | alaquya bolurlathey must be pouring |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menquymay bolurmaI must not be pouring | senquymay bolursayou must not be pouring | olquymay bolurhe must not be pouring | bizquymay bolurbuzwe must not be pouring | sizquymay bolursuzyou all must not be pouring | alaquymay bolurlathey must not be pouring |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menquya tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of pouring | senquya tura bolursayou must be in the middle of pouring | olquya tura bolurhe must be in the middle of pouring | bizquya tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of pouring | sizquya tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of pouring | alaquya tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of pouring |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menquymay tura bolurmaI must keep on not pouring | senquymay tura bolursayou must keep on not pouring | olquymay tura bolurhe must keep on not pouring | bizquymay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not pouring | sizquymay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not pouring | alaquymay tura bolurlathey must keep on not pouring |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menquyğan bolurmaI must have poured | senquyğan bolursayou must have poured | olquyğan bolurhe must have poured | bizquyğan bolurbuzwe must have poured | sizquyğan bolursuzyou all must have poured | alaquyğan bolurlathey must have poured |
| Inference (must have) | menquymağan bolurmaI must not have poured | senquymağan bolursayou must not have poured | olquymağan bolurhe must not have poured | bizquymağan bolurbuzwe must not have poured | sizquymağan bolursuzyou all must not have poured | alaquymağan bolurlathey must not have poured |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menquyarıq bolurmaI must be going to pour | senquyarıq bolursayou must be going to pour | olquyarıq bolurhe must be going to pour | bizquyarıq bolurbuzwe must be going to pour | sizquyarıq bolursuzyou all must be going to pour | alaquyarıq bolurlathey must be going to pour |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menquymazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to pour | senquymazlıq bolursayou must not be going to pour | olquymazlıq bolurhe must not be going to pour | bizquymazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to pour | sizquymazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to pour | alaquymazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to pour |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menquyayımlet me pour | senquy!pour! | olquysunlet him pour | bizquyayıqlet's pour | sizquyuğuz!pour, you all! | alaquysunlalet them pour |
| Commands & suggestions | menquymayımlet me not pour | senquyma!don't pour! | olquymasınlet him not pour | bizquymayıqlet's not pour | sizquymağız!don't pour, you all! | alaquymasınlalet them not pour |
| Commands & suggestions | menquyayımmı?shall I pour? | olquysunmu?should he pour? | bizquyayıqmı?shall we pour? | alaquysunlamı?should they pour? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menquymayımmı?shall I not pour? | olquymasınmı?should he not pour? | bizquymayıqmı?shall we not pour? | alaquymasınlamı?should they not pour? | ||
| Requests | senquyçu2quyçunplease pour | olquysunçudo let him pour | sizquyçuğuzplease pour (plural/polite) | alaquysunlaçıdo let them pour | ||
| Requests | senquymaçı2quymaçınplease don't pour | olquymasınçıdo let him not pour | sizquymaçığızplease don't pour (plural/polite) | alaquymasınlaçıdo let them not pour | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senquyğunquyğumay you pour | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senquymağınquymağımay you not pour | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menquyğay edim quyğa edimwould that I poured | senquyğay ediŋ quyğa ediŋwould that you poured | olquyğay edi quyğa ediwould that he poured | bizquyğay edik quyğa edikwould that we poured | sizquyğay edigiz quyğa edigizwould that you all poured | alaquyğay edile quyğa edilewould that they poured |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menquymağay edim quymağa edimwould that I did not pour | senquymağay ediŋ quymağa ediŋwould that you did not pour | olquymağay edi quymağa ediwould that he did not pour | bizquymağay edik quymağa edikwould that we did not pour | sizquymağay edigiz quymağa edigizwould that you all did not pour | alaquymağay edile quymağa edilewould that they did not pour |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menquymağa qoyayımquyma qoyayımlet me allow someone to pour | senquymağa qoy!quyma qoy!let someone pour! | olquymağa qoysunquyma qoysunlet him allow someone to pour | bizquymağa qoyayıqquyma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to pour | sizquymağa qoyuğuz!quyma qoyuğuz!let someone pour, you all! | alaquymağa qoysunlaquyma qoysunlalet them allow someone to pour |
| Let someone… (commands) | menquymağa qoymayımquyma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to pour | senquymağa qoyma!quyma qoyma!don't let someone pour! | olquymağa qoymasınquyma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to pour | bizquymağa qoymayıqquyma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to pour | sizquymağa qoymağız!quyma qoymağız!don't let someone pour, you all! | alaquymağa qoymasınlaquyma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to pour |
| Let someone… (commands) | menquymağa qoyayımmı?quyma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to pour? | olquymağa qoysunmu?quyma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to pour? | bizquymağa qoyayıqmı?quyma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to pour? | alaquymağa qoysunlamı?quyma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to pour? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menquymağa qoymayımmı?quyma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to pour? | olquymağa qoymasınmı?quyma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to pour? | bizquymağa qoymayıqmı?quyma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to pour? | alaquymağa qoymasınlamı?quyma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to pour? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menquymağa qoyamaquyma qoyamaI allow someone to pour | senquymağa qoyasaquyma qoyasayou allow someone to pour | olquymağa qoyadıquyma qoyadıhe allows someone to pour | bizquymağa qoyabızquyma qoyabızwe allow someone to pour | sizquymağa qoyasızquyma qoyasızyou all allow someone to pour | alaquymağa qoyadılaquyma qoyadılathey allow someone to pour |
| Let someone… (present) | menquymağa qoymaymaquyma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to pour | senquymağa qoymaysaquyma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to pour | olquymağa qoymaydıquyma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to pour | bizquymağa qoymaybızquyma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to pour | sizquymağa qoymaysızquyma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to pour | alaquymağa qoymaydılaquyma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to pour |
| Let someone… (present) | menquymağa qoyamamı?quyma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to pour? | senquymağa qoyamısa?quyma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to pour? | olquymağa qoyamıdı?quyma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to pour? | bizquymağa qoyabızmı?quyma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to pour? | sizquymağa qoyamısız?quyma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to pour? | alaquymağa qoyamıdıla?quyma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to pour? |
| Let someone… (present) | menquymağa qoymaymamı?quyma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to pour? | senquymağa qoymaymısa?quyma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to pour? | olquymağa qoymaymıdı?quyma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to pour? | bizquymağa qoymaybızmı?quyma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to pour? | sizquymağa qoymaymısız?quyma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to pour? | alaquymağa qoymaymıdıla?quyma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to pour? |
| Let someone… (past) | menquymağa qoydumquyma qoydumI allowed someone to pour | senquymağa qoyduŋquyma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to pour | olquymağa qoyduquyma qoyduhe allowed someone to pour | bizquymağa qoyduqquyma qoyduqwe allowed someone to pour | sizquymağa qoyduğuzquyma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to pour | alaquymağa qoydulaquyma qoydulathey allowed someone to pour |
| Let someone… (past) | menquymağa qoymadımquyma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to pour | senquymağa qoymadıŋquyma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to pour | olquymağa qoymadıquyma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to pour | bizquymağa qoymadıqquyma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to pour | sizquymağa qoymadığızquyma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to pour | alaquymağa qoymadılaquyma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to pour |
| Let someone… (past) | menquymağa qoydummu?quyma qoydummu?did I allow someone to pour? | senquymağa qoyduŋmu?quyma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to pour? | olquymağa qoydumu?quyma qoydumu?did he allow someone to pour? | bizquymağa qoyduqmu?quyma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to pour? | sizquymağa qoyduğuzmu?quyma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to pour? | alaquymağa qoydulamı?quyma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to pour? |
| Let someone… (past) | menquymağa qoymadımmı?quyma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to pour? | senquymağa qoymadıŋmı?quyma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to pour? | olquymağa qoymadımı?quyma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to pour? | bizquymağa qoymadıqmı?quyma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to pour? | sizquymağa qoymadığızmı?quyma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to pour? | alaquymağa qoymadılamı?quyma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to pour? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
quyalırğa be able to pour · quyalmazğa be unable to pour
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menquyalamaI can pour | senquyalasayou can pour | olquyaladıhe can pour | bizquyalabızwe can pour | sizquyalasızyou all can pour | alaquyaladılathey can pour |
| Ability — present | menquyalmaymaI can't pour | senquyalmaysayou can't pour | olquyalmaydıhe can't pour | bizquyalmaybızwe can't pour | sizquyalmaysızyou all can't pour | alaquyalmaydılathey can't pour |
| Ability — present | menquyalamamı? quyalamıma?can I pour? | senquyalamısa?can you pour? | olquyalamıdı?can he pour? | bizquyalabızmı? quyalamıbız?can we pour? | sizquyalamısız?can you all pour? | alaquyalamıdıla?can they pour? |
| Ability — present | menquyalmaymamı? quyalmaymıma?can't I pour? | senquyalmaymısa?can't you pour? | olquyalmaymıdı?can't he pour? | bizquyalmaybızmı? quyalmaymıbız?can't we pour? | sizquyalmaymısız?can't you all pour? | alaquyalmaymıdıla?can't they pour? |
| Ability — if I can… | menquyalsamif I can pour | senquyalsaŋif you can pour | olquyalsaif he can pour | bizquyalsaqif we can pour | sizquyalsağızif you all can pour | alaquyalsalaif they can pour |
| Ability — if I can… | menquyalmasamif I can't pour | senquyalmasaŋif you can't pour | olquyalmasaif he can't pour | bizquyalmasaqif we can't pour | sizquyalmasağızif you all can't pour | alaquyalmasalaif they can't pour |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menquyaldımI was able to pour | senquyaldıŋyou were able to pour | olquyaldıhe was able to pour | bizquyaldıqwe were able to pour | sizquyaldığızyou all were able to pour | alaquyaldılathey were able to pour |
| Ability — simple past | menquyalmadımI could not pour | senquyalmadıŋyou could not pour | olquyalmadıhe could not pour | bizquyalmadıqwe could not pour | sizquyalmadığızyou all could not pour | alaquyalmadılathey could not pour |
| Ability — simple past | menquyaldımmı?was I able to pour? | senquyaldıŋmı?were you able to pour? | olquyaldımı?was he able to pour? | bizquyaldıqmı?were we able to pour? | sizquyaldığızmı?were you all able to pour? | alaquyaldılamı?were they able to pour? |
| Ability — simple past | menquyalmadımmı?couldn't I pour? | senquyalmadıŋmı?couldn't you pour? | olquyalmadımı?couldn't he pour? | bizquyalmadıqmı?couldn't we pour? | sizquyalmadığızmı?couldn't you all pour? | alaquyalmadılamı?couldn't they pour? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menquyalğanmaI have been able to pour | senquyalğansayou have been able to pour | olquyalğandıhe has been able to pour | bizquyalğanbızwe have been able to pour | sizquyalğansızyou all have been able to pour | alaquyalğandılathey have been able to pour |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menquyalmağanmaI haven't been able to pour | senquyalmağansayou haven't been able to pour | olquyalmağandıhe hasn't been able to pour | bizquyalmağanbızwe haven't been able to pour | sizquyalmağansızyou all haven't been able to pour | alaquyalmağandılathey haven't been able to pour |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menquyalğanmamı? quyalğanmıma?have I been able to pour? | senquyalğanmısa?have you been able to pour? | olquyalğanmıdı?has he been able to pour? | bizquyalğanbızmı? quyalğanmıbız?have we been able to pour? | sizquyalğanmısız?have you all been able to pour? | alaquyalğanmıdıla?have they been able to pour? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menquyalmağanmamı? quyalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to pour? | senquyalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to pour? | olquyalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to pour? | bizquyalmağanbızmı? quyalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to pour? | sizquyalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to pour? | alaquyalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to pour? |
| Ability — past perfect | menquyalğan edimquyalğanemI had been able to pour | senquyalğan ediŋquyalğaneŋyou had been able to pour | olquyalğan ediquyalğanedhe had been able to pour | bizquyalğan edikquyalğanekwe had been able to pour | sizquyalğan edigizquyalğanegizyou all had been able to pour | alaquyalğan edilequyalğanellethey had been able to pour |
| Ability — past perfect | menquyalmağan edimquyalmağanemI hadn't been able to pour | senquyalmağan ediŋquyalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to pour | olquyalmağan ediquyalmağanedhe hadn't been able to pour | bizquyalmağan edikquyalmağanekwe hadn't been able to pour | sizquyalmağan edigizquyalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to pour | alaquyalmağan edilequyalmağanellethey hadn't been able to pour |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menquyala edimquyalaemI could pour | senquyala ediŋquyalaeŋyou could pour | olquyala ediquyalaedhe could pour | bizquyala edikquyalaekwe could pour | sizquyala edigizquyalaegizyou all could pour | alaquyala edilequyalaellethey could pour |
| Ability — past background | menquyalmay edimquyalmayemI could not pour | senquyalmay ediŋquyalmayeŋyou could not pour | olquyalmay ediquyalmayedhe could not pour | bizquyalmay edikquyalmayekwe could not pour | sizquyalmay edigizquyalmayegizyou all could not pour | alaquyalmay edilequyalmayellethey could not pour |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menquyalırmaI will be able to pour | senquyalırsayou will be able to pour | olquyalırhe will be able to pour | bizquyalırbızwe will be able to pour | sizquyalırsızyou all will be able to pour | alaquyalırlathey will be able to pour |
| Ability — future I | menquyalmazmaI won't be able to pour | senquyalmazsayou won't be able to pour | olquyalmazhe won't be able to pour | bizquyalmazbızwe won't be able to pour | sizquyalmazsızyou all won't be able to pour | alaquyalmazlathey won't be able to pour |
| Ability — future I | menquyalırmamı? quyalırmıma?will I be able to pour? | senquyalırmısa?will you be able to pour? | olquyalırmı?will he be able to pour? | bizquyalırbızmı? quyalırmıbız?will we be able to pour? | sizquyalırmısız?will you all be able to pour? | alaquyalırlamı? quyalırmıla?will they be able to pour? |
| Ability — future I | menquyalmazmamı? quyalmazmıma?won't I be able to pour? | senquyalmazmısa?won't you be able to pour? | olquyalmazmı?won't he be able to pour? | bizquyalmazbızmı? quyalmazmıbız?won't we be able to pour? | sizquyalmazmısız?won't you all be able to pour? | alaquyalmazlamı? quyalmazmıla?won't they be able to pour? |
| Ability — future II | menquyallıqmaI am going to be able to pour | senquyallıqsayou are going to be able to pour | olquyallıqdıhe is going to be able to pour | bizquyallıqbızwe are going to be able to pour | sizquyallıqsızyou all are going to be able to pour | alaquyallıqdılathey are going to be able to pour |
| Ability — future II | menquyallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to pour | senquyallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to pour | olquyallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to pour | bizquyallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to pour | sizquyallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to pour | alaquyallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to pour |
| Ability — future II | menquyallıqmamı? quyallıqmıma?am I going to be able to pour? | senquyallıqmısa?are you going to be able to pour? | olquyallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to pour? | bizquyallıqbızmı? quyallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to pour? | sizquyallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to pour? | alaquyallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to pour? |
| Ability — future II | menquyallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to pour? | senquyallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to pour? | olquyallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to pour? | bizquyallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to pour? | sizquyallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to pour? | alaquyallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to pour? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menquyalır edimquyalır emI would be able to pour | senquyalır ediŋquyalır eŋyou would be able to pour | olquyalır ediquyalır edhe would be able to pour | bizquyalır edikquyalır ekwe would be able to pour | sizquyalır edigizquyalır egizyou all would be able to pour | alaquyalır edilequyalır ellethey would be able to pour |
| Ability — would be able to… | menquyalmaz edimquyalmaz emI wouldn't be able to pour | senquyalmaz ediŋquyalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to pour | olquyalmaz ediquyalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to pour | bizquyalmaz edikquyalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to pour | sizquyalmaz edigizquyalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to pour | alaquyalmaz edilequyalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to pour |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senquyalğınquyalğımay you be able to pour | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senquyalmağınquyalmağımay you not be able to pour | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menquyarğa izleymeI want to pour | senquyarğa izleyseyou want to pour | olquyarğa izleydihe wants to pour | bizquyarğa izleybizwe want to pour | sizquyarğa izleysizyou all want to pour | alaquyarğa izleydilethey want to pour |
| want to | menquyarğa izlemeymeI do not want to pour | senquyarğa izlemeyseyou do not want to pour | olquyarğa izlemeydihe does not want to pour | bizquyarğa izlemeybizwe do not want to pour | sizquyarğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to pour | alaquyarğa izlemeydilethey do not want to pour |
| would like to | menquyarğa süemeI would like to pour | senquyarğa süeseyou would like to pour | olquyarğa süedihe would like to pour | bizquyarğa süebizwe would like to pour | sizquyarğa süesizyou all would like to pour | alaquyarğa süedilethey would like to pour |
| would like to | menquyarğa süymeymeI would not like to pour | senquyarğa süymeyseyou would not like to pour | olquyarğa süymeydihe would not like to pour | bizquyarğa süymeybizwe would not like to pour | sizquyarğa süymeysizyou all would not like to pour | alaquyarğa süymeydilethey would not like to pour |
| hope to | menquyarğa umutlanamaI hope to pour | senquyarğa umutlanasayou hope to pour | olquyarğa umutlanadıhe hopes to pour | bizquyarğa umutlanabızwe hope to pour | sizquyarğa umutlanasızyou all hope to pour | alaquyarğa umutlanadılathey hope to pour |
| hope to | menquyarğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to pour | senquyarğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to pour | olquyarğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to pour | bizquyarğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to pour | sizquyarğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to pour | alaquyarğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to pour |
| be about to | menquyarğa deb turamaI am about to pour | senquyarğa deb turasayou are about to pour | olquyarğa deb turadıhe is about to pour | bizquyarğa deb turabızwe are about to pour | sizquyarğa deb turasızyou all are about to pour | alaquyarğa deb turadılathey are about to pour |
| be about to | menquyarğa deb turmaymaI am not about to pour | senquyarğa deb turmaysayou are not about to pour | olquyarğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to pour | bizquyarğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to pour | sizquyarğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to pour | alaquyarğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to pour |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menquyarğa kerekmeI need to pour | senquyarğa kerekseyou need to pour | olquyarğa kerekdihe needs to pour | bizquyarğa kerekbizwe need to pour | sizquyarğa kereksizyou all need to pour | alaquyarğa kerekdilethey need to pour |
| need to | menquyarğa kerek tülmeI do not need to pour | senquyarğa kerek tülseyou do not need to pour | olquyarğa kerek tüldühe does not need to pour | bizquyarğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to pour | sizquyarğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to pour | alaquyarğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to pour |
| have to | menmenŋe quyarğa tüşediI have to pour | sensenŋe quyarğa tüşediyou have to pour | olaŋa quyarğa tüşedihe has to pour | bizbizge quyarğa tüşediwe have to pour | sizsizge quyarğa tüşediyou all have to pour | alaalağa quyarğa tüşedithey have to pour |
| have to | menmenŋe quyarğa tüşmeydiI do not have to pour | sensenŋe quyarğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to pour | olaŋa quyarğa tüşmeydihe does not have to pour | bizbizge quyarğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to pour | sizsizge quyarğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to pour | alaalağa quyarğa tüşmeydithey do not have to pour |
| be obliged to | menquyarğa borçlumaI am obliged to pour | senquyarğa borçlusayou are obliged to pour | olquyarğa borçluduhe is obliged to pour | bizquyarğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to pour | sizquyarğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to pour | alaquyarğa borçludulathey are obliged to pour |
| be obliged to | menquyarğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to pour | senquyarğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to pour | olquyarğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to pour | bizquyarğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to pour | sizquyarğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to pour | alaquyarğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to pour |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menquyarğa madarım bardıI have a way to pour | senquyarğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to pour | olquyarğa madarı bardıhe has a way to pour | bizquyarğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to pour | sizquyarğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to pour | alaquyarğa madarları bardıthey have a way to pour |
| have a way to | menquyarğa madarım joqduI have no way to pour | senquyarğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to pour | olquyarğa madarı joqduhe has no way to pour | bizquyarğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to pour | sizquyarğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to pour | alaquyarğa madarları joqduthey have no way to pour |
| be free to | menquyarğa erkinligim bardıI am free to pour | senquyarğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to pour | olquyarğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to pour | bizquyarğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to pour | sizquyarğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to pour | alaquyarğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to pour |
| be free to | menquyarğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to pour | senquyarğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to pour | olquyarğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to pour | bizquyarğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to pour | sizquyarğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to pour | alaquyarğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to pour |
| be possible to | menmenŋe quyarğa bolluqduit is possible for me to pour | sensenŋe quyarğa bolluqduit is possible for you to pour | olaŋa quyarğa bolluqduit is possible for him to pour | bizbizge quyarğa bolluqduit is possible for us to pour | sizsizge quyarğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to pour | alaalağa quyarğa bolluqduit is possible for them to pour |
| be possible to | menmenŋe quyarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to pour | sensenŋe quyarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to pour | olaŋa quyarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to pour | bizbizge quyarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to pour | sizsizge quyarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to pour | alaalağa quyarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to pour |
| be ready to | menquyarğa hazırmaI am ready to pour | senquyarğa hazırsayou are ready to pour | olquyarğa hazırdıhe is ready to pour | bizquyarğa hazırbızwe are ready to pour | sizquyarğa hazırsızyou all are ready to pour | alaquyarğa hazırdılathey are ready to pour |
| be ready to | menquyarğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to pour | senquyarğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to pour | olquyarğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to pour | bizquyarğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to pour | sizquyarğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to pour | alaquyarğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to pour |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menquyarğa küreşemeI am trying to pour | senquyarğa küreşeseyou are trying to pour | olquyarğa küreşedihe is trying to pour | bizquyarğa küreşebizwe are trying to pour | sizquyarğa küreşesizyou all are trying to pour | alaquyarğa küreşedilethey are trying to pour |
| try to | menquyarğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to pour | senquyarğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to pour | olquyarğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to pour | bizquyarğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to pour | sizquyarğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to pour | alaquyarğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to pour |
| agree to | menquyarğa unaymaI agree to pour | senquyarğa unaysayou agree to pour | olquyarğa unaydıhe agrees to pour | bizquyarğa unaybızwe agree to pour | sizquyarğa unaysızyou all agree to pour | alaquyarğa unaydılathey agree to pour |
| agree to | menquyarğa unamaymaI refuse to pour | senquyarğa unamaysayou refuse to pour | olquyarğa unamaydıhe refuses to pour | bizquyarğa unamaybızwe refuse to pour | sizquyarğa unamaysızyou all refuse to pour | alaquyarğa unamaydılathey refuse to pour |
| hurry to | menquyarğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to pour | senquyarğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to pour | olquyarğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to pour | bizquyarğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to pour | sizquyarğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to pour | alaquyarğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to pour |
| hurry to | menquyarğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to pour | senquyarğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to pour | olquyarğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to pour | bizquyarğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to pour | sizquyarğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to pour | alaquyarğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to pour |
| be afraid to | menquyarğa qorqamaI am afraid to pour | senquyarğa qorqasayou are afraid to pour | olquyarğa qorqadıhe is afraid to pour | bizquyarğa qorqabızwe are afraid to pour | sizquyarğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to pour | alaquyarğa qorqadılathey are afraid to pour |
| be afraid to | menquyarğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to pour | senquyarğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to pour | olquyarğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to pour | bizquyarğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to pour | sizquyarğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to pour | alaquyarğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to pour |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menquya bolmazmaI can't be pouring | senquya bolmazsayou can't be pouring | olquya bolmazhe can't be pouring | bizquya bolmazbızwe can't be pouring | sizquya bolmazsızyou all can't be pouring | alaquya bolmazlathey can't be pouring |
| Inference, present — double negation | menquymay bolmazmaI must be pouring (emphatic) | senquymay bolmazsayou must be pouring (emphatic) | olquymay bolmazhe must be pouring (emphatic) | bizquymay bolmazbızwe must be pouring (emphatic) | sizquymay bolmazsızyou all must be pouring (emphatic) | alaquymay bolmazlathey must be pouring (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menquya turmasamif I don't keep pouring | senquya turmasaŋif you don't keep pouring | olquya turmasaif he doesn't keep pouring | bizquya turmasaqif we don't keep pouring | sizquya turmasağızif you all don't keep pouring | alaquya turmasalaif they don't keep pouring |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menquya tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of pouring | senquya tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of pouring | olquya tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of pouring | bizquya tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of pouring | sizquya tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of pouring | alaquya tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of pouring |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menquymay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not pouring (emphatic) | senquymay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not pouring (emphatic) | olquymay tura bolmazhe must keep on not pouring (emphatic) | bizquymay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not pouring (emphatic) | sizquymay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not pouring (emphatic) | alaquymay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not pouring (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menquymay turamaI keep on not pouring | senquymay turasayou keep on not pouring | olquymay turadıhe keeps on not pouring | bizquymay turabızwe keep on not pouring | sizquymay turasızyou all keep on not pouring | alaquymay turadılathey keep on not pouring |
| Progressive — double negation | menquymay turmaymaI am not keeping on not pouring | senquymay turmaysayou are not keeping on not pouring | olquymay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not pouring | bizquymay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not pouring | sizquymay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not pouring | alaquymay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not pouring |
| Progressive — double negation | menquymay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not pouring? | senquymay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not pouring? | olquymay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not pouring? | bizquymay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not pouring? | sizquymay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not pouring? | alaquymay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not pouring? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menquyğan bolmazmaI can't have poured | senquyğan bolmazsayou can't have poured | olquyğan bolmazhe can't have poured | bizquyğan bolmazbızwe can't have poured | sizquyğan bolmazsızyou all can't have poured | alaquyğan bolmazlathey can't have poured |
| Inference — double negation | menquymağan bolmazmaI must have poured (emphatic) | senquymağan bolmazsayou must have poured (emphatic) | olquymağan bolmazhe must have poured (emphatic) | bizquymağan bolmazbızwe must have poured (emphatic) | sizquymağan bolmazsızyou all must have poured (emphatic) | alaquymağan bolmazlathey must have poured (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menquyğan bolmasamif it weren't that I had poured | senquyğan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had poured | olquyğan bolmasaif it weren't that he had poured | bizquyğan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had poured | sizquyğan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had poured | alaquyğan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had poured |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menquymağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't poured | senquymağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't poured | olquymağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't poured | bizquymağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't poured | sizquymağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't poured | alaquymağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't poured |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menquyarıq bolmazmaI can't be going to pour | senquyarıq bolmazsayou can't be going to pour | olquyarıq bolmazhe can't be going to pour | bizquyarıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to pour | sizquyarıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to pour | alaquyarıq bolmazlathey can't be going to pour |
| Inference, future — double negation | menquymazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to pour (emphatic) | senquymazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to pour (emphatic) | olquymazlıq bolmazhe must be going to pour (emphatic) | bizquymazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to pour (emphatic) | sizquymazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to pour (emphatic) | alaquymazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to pour (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menquyarıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to pour | senquyarıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to pour | olquyarıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to pour | bizquyarıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to pour | sizquyarıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to pour | alaquyarıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to pour |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menquymazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to pour | senquymazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to pour | olquymazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to pour | bizquymazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to pour | sizquymazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to pour | alaquymazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to pour |