suwuturğa
/suwuturʁa/
1. cool, chill, let something cool down
- sütnü suwuturğa — to cool the milk
- çaynı suwutub içdi — he cooled the tea and drank it
- suwutub içerge — to cool it and drink it
- suwutub aşarğa — to eat something chilled
- şorpaların da suwuthandıla — they had even let their soups cool
2. push away, alienate, repel
- kesiŋden suwuturğa — to push someone away from yourself
- eski teŋni suwutma — don't push away an old friend
- sabiyleni kesiŋden suwutma — don't push the children away from yourself
- sözü meni suwutdu — his words pushed me away
- ol nögerlerin kesinden suwutdu — he pushed his friends away from himself
3. disenchant, disappoint, make someone lose interest — The thing a person is put off takes the ablative case.
- işden suwuturğa — to make someone lose interest in work
- anı oquwdan suwutdula — they made him lose interest in studying
- adamlanı işden suwutmağız — don't put people off work
- süymekligin suwuturğa — to cool someone's love
- qıznı jaşha süymekligin suwutdu — cooled the girl's love for the boy
4. cool someone's anger, calm someone down no dictionary source
- anı açıwun suwutdum — I cooled his anger
- açıwun suwuturğa küreşdi — she tried to cool his anger
Expressions
- suwutmay jetdirirge — tell tales promptly
- adam suwutur qanı joqdu — kindly, well-liked
- jüregin suwuturğa — calm someone down
- oq suwuturğa — die by gunshot
Conjugation
Common forms
- suwutadıhe is cooling
- suwutduhe cooled
- suwuthandıhe has cooled
- suwuturhe will cool
- suwuturuqduhe is going to cool
- suwuta edihe was cooling
- suwutsaif he cools
- suwut!cool!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensuwutamaI am cooling | sensuwutasayou are cooling | olsuwutadıhe is cooling | bizsuwutabızwe are cooling | sizsuwutasızyou all are cooling | alasuwutadılathey are cooling |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensuwutmaymaI am not cooling | sensuwutmaysayou are not cooling | olsuwutmaydıhe is not cooling | bizsuwutmaybızwe are not cooling | sizsuwutmaysızyou all are not cooling | alasuwutmaydılathey are not cooling |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensuwutamamı? suwutamıma?am I cooling? | sensuwutamısa?are you cooling? | olsuwutamıdı?is he cooling? | bizsuwutabızmı? suwutamıbız?are we cooling? | sizsuwutamısız?are you all cooling? | alasuwutamıdıla?are they cooling? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensuwutmaymamı? suwutmaymıma?aren't I cooling? | sensuwutmaymısa?aren't you cooling? | olsuwutmaymıdı?isn't he cooling? | bizsuwutmaybızmı? suwutmaymıbız?aren't we cooling? | sizsuwutmaymısız?aren't you all cooling? | alasuwutmaymıdıla?aren't they cooling? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensuwutuwçanmaI usually cool | sensuwutuwçansayou usually cool | olsuwutuwçandıhe usually cools | bizsuwutuwçanbızwe usually cool | sizsuwutuwçansızyou all usually cool | alasuwutuwçandılathey usually cool |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensuwutmawçanmaI usually don't cool | sensuwutmawçansayou usually don't cool | olsuwutmawçandıhe usually doesn't cool | bizsuwutmawçanbızwe usually don't cool | sizsuwutmawçansızyou all usually don't cool | alasuwutmawçandılathey usually don't cool |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensuwutuwçanmamı? suwutuwçanmıma?do I usually cool? | sensuwutuwçanmısa?do you usually cool? | olsuwutuwçanmıdı?does he usually cool? | bizsuwutuwçanbızmı? suwutuwçanmıbız?do we usually cool? | sizsuwutuwçanmısız?do you all usually cool? | alasuwutuwçanmıdıla?do they usually cool? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensuwutmawçanmamı? suwutmawçanmıma?do I usually not cool? | sensuwutmawçanmısa?do you usually not cool? | olsuwutmawçanmıdı?does he usually not cool? | bizsuwutmawçanbızmı? suwutmawçanmıbız?do we usually not cool? | sizsuwutmawçanmısız?do you all usually not cool? | alasuwutmawçanmıdıla?do they usually not cool? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olsuwutubduhe has cooled and remains so | alasuwutubdulathey have cooled and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olsuwutubmudu?has he cooled? | alasuwutubmudula?have they cooled? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensuwutub turamaI keep cooling | sensuwutub turasayou keep cooling | olsuwutub turadıhe keeps cooling | bizsuwutub turabızwe keep cooling | sizsuwutub turasızyou all keep cooling | alasuwutub turadılathey keep cooling |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensuwutub turmaymaI don't keep cooling | sensuwutub turmaysayou don't keep cooling | olsuwutub turmaydıhe doesn't keep cooling | bizsuwutub turmaybızwe don't keep cooling | sizsuwutub turmaysızyou all don't keep cooling | alasuwutub turmaydılathey don't keep cooling |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensuwutub turamamı? suwutub turamıma?do I keep cooling? | sensuwutub turamısa?do you keep cooling? | olsuwutub turamıdı?does he keep cooling? | bizsuwutub turabızmı? suwutub turamıbız?do we keep cooling? | sizsuwutub turamısız?do you all keep cooling? | alasuwutub turamıdıla?do they keep cooling? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensuwutub turmaymamı? suwutub turmaymıma?don't I keep cooling? | sensuwutub turmaymısa?don't you keep cooling? | olsuwutub turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep cooling? | bizsuwutub turmaybızmı? suwutub turmaymıbız?don't we keep cooling? | sizsuwutub turmaymısız?don't you all keep cooling? | alasuwutub turmaymıdıla?don't they keep cooling? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensuwuta turamaI am in the middle of cooling | sensuwuta turasayou are in the middle of cooling | olsuwuta turadıhe is in the middle of cooling | bizsuwuta turabızwe are in the middle of cooling | sizsuwuta turasızyou all are in the middle of cooling | alasuwuta turadılathey are in the middle of cooling |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensuwuta turmaymaI am not in the middle of cooling | sensuwuta turmaysayou are not in the middle of cooling | olsuwuta turmaydıhe is not in the middle of cooling | bizsuwuta turmaybızwe are not in the middle of cooling | sizsuwuta turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of cooling | alasuwuta turmaydılathey are not in the middle of cooling |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensuwuta turamamı? suwuta turamıma?am I in the middle of cooling? | sensuwuta turamısa?are you in the middle of cooling? | olsuwuta turamıdı?is he in the middle of cooling? | bizsuwuta turabızmı? suwuta turamıbız?are we in the middle of cooling? | sizsuwuta turamısız?are you all in the middle of cooling? | alasuwuta turamıdıla?are they in the middle of cooling? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensuwuta turmaymamı? suwuta turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of cooling? | sensuwuta turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of cooling? | olsuwuta turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of cooling? | bizsuwuta turmaybızmı? suwuta turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of cooling? | sizsuwuta turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of cooling? | alasuwuta turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of cooling? |
| Simple past (definite) | mensuwutdumI cooled | sensuwutduŋyou cooled | olsuwutduhe cooled | bizsuwutduqwe cooled | sizsuwutduğuzyou all cooled | alasuwutdulathey cooled |
| Simple past (definite) | mensuwutmadımI didn't cool | sensuwutmadıŋyou didn't cool | olsuwutmadıhe didn't cool | bizsuwutmadıqwe didn't cool | sizsuwutmadığızyou all didn't cool | alasuwutmadılathey didn't cool |
| Simple past (definite) | mensuwutdummu?did I cool? | sensuwutduŋmu?did you cool? | olsuwutdumu?did he cool? | bizsuwutduqmu?did we cool? | sizsuwutduğuzmu?did you all cool? | alasuwutdulamı?did they cool? |
| Simple past (definite) | mensuwutmadımmı?didn't I cool? | sensuwutmadıŋmı?didn't you cool? | olsuwutmadımı?didn't he cool? | bizsuwutmadıqmı?didn't we cool? | sizsuwutmadığızmı?didn't you all cool? | alasuwutmadılamı?didn't they cool? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensuwuthanmaI have cooled | sensuwuthansayou have cooled | olsuwuthandıhe has cooled | bizsuwuthanbızwe have cooled | sizsuwuthansızyou all have cooled | alasuwuthandılathey have cooled |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensuwutmağanmaI haven't cooled | sensuwutmağansayou haven't cooled | olsuwutmağandıhe hasn't cooled | bizsuwutmağanbızwe haven't cooled | sizsuwutmağansızyou all haven't cooled | alasuwutmağandılathey haven't cooled |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensuwuthanmamı? suwuthanmıma?have I cooled? | sensuwuthanmısa?have you cooled? | olsuwuthanmıdı?has he cooled? | bizsuwuthanbızmı? suwuthanmıbız?have we cooled? | sizsuwuthanmısız?have you all cooled? | alasuwuthanmıdıla?have they cooled? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensuwutmağanmamı? suwutmağanmıma?haven't I cooled? | sensuwutmağanmısa?haven't you cooled? | olsuwutmağanmıdı?hasn't he cooled? | bizsuwutmağanbızmı? suwutmağanmıbız?haven't we cooled? | sizsuwutmağanmısız?haven't you all cooled? | alasuwutmağanmıdıla?haven't they cooled? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mensuwutub turdumI kept cooling | sensuwutub turduŋyou kept cooling | olsuwutub turduhe kept cooling | bizsuwutub turduqwe kept cooling | sizsuwutub turduğuzyou all kept cooling | alasuwutub turdulathey kept cooling |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mensuwutub turmadımI didn't keep cooling | sensuwutub turmadıŋyou didn't keep cooling | olsuwutub turmadıhe didn't keep cooling | bizsuwutub turmadıqwe didn't keep cooling | sizsuwutub turmadığızyou all didn't keep cooling | alasuwutub turmadılathey didn't keep cooling |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensuwuturmaI will cool | sensuwutursayou will cool | olsuwuturhe will cool | bizsuwuturbuzwe will cool | sizsuwutursuzyou all will cool | alasuwuturlathey will cool |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensuwutmazmaI won't cool | sensuwutmazsayou won't cool | olsuwutmazhe won't cool | bizsuwutmazbızwe won't cool | sizsuwutmazsızyou all won't cool | alasuwutmazlathey won't cool |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensuwuturmamı? suwuturmuma?will I cool? | sensuwuturmusa?will you cool? | olsuwuturmu?will he cool? | bizsuwuturbuzmu? suwuturmubuz?will we cool? | sizsuwuturmusuz?will you all cool? | alasuwuturlamı? suwuturmula?will they cool? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensuwutmazmamı? suwutmazmıma?won't I cool? | sensuwutmazmısa?won't you cool? | olsuwutmazmı?won't he cool? | bizsuwutmazbızmı? suwutmazmıbız?won't we cool? | sizsuwutmazmısız?won't you all cool? | alasuwutmazlamı? suwutmazmıla?won't they cool? |
| Definite future (future II) | mensuwuturuqmaI am going to cool | sensuwuturuqsayou are going to cool | olsuwuturuqduhe is going to cool | bizsuwuturuqbuzwe are going to cool | sizsuwuturuqsuzyou all are going to cool | alasuwuturuqdulathey are going to cool |
| Definite future (future II) | mensuwuturuq tülmeI am not going to cool | sensuwuturuq tülseyou are not going to cool | olsuwuturuq tüldühe is not going to cool | bizsuwuturuq tülbüzwe are not going to cool | sizsuwuturuq tülsüzyou all are not going to cool | alasuwuturuq tüldülethey are not going to cool |
| Definite future (future II) | mensuwuturuqmamı? suwuturuqmuma?am I going to cool? | sensuwuturuqmusa?are you going to cool? | olsuwuturuqmudu?is he going to cool? | bizsuwuturuqbuzmu? suwuturuqmubuz?are we going to cool? | sizsuwuturuqmusuz?are you all going to cool? | alasuwuturuqmudula?are they going to cool? |
| Definite future (future II) | mensuwuturuq tülmüme?aren't I going to cool? | sensuwuturuq tülmüse?aren't you going to cool? | olsuwuturuq tülmüdü?isn't he going to cool? | bizsuwuturuq tülmübüz?aren't we going to cool? | sizsuwuturuq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to cool? | alasuwuturuq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to cool? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mensuwuthan edimsuwuthanemI had cooled | sensuwuthan ediŋsuwuthaneŋyou had cooled | olsuwuthan edisuwuthanedhe had cooled | bizsuwuthan ediksuwuthanekwe had cooled | sizsuwuthan edigizsuwuthanegizyou all had cooled | alasuwuthan edilesuwuthanellethey had cooled |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mensuwutmağan edimsuwutmağanemI hadn't cooled | sensuwutmağan ediŋsuwutmağaneŋyou hadn't cooled | olsuwutmağan edisuwutmağanedhe hadn't cooled | bizsuwutmağan ediksuwutmağanekwe hadn't cooled | sizsuwutmağan edigizsuwutmağanegizyou all hadn't cooled | alasuwutmağan edilesuwutmağanellethey hadn't cooled |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mensuwuta edimsuwutaemI was cooling | sensuwuta ediŋsuwutaeŋyou were cooling | olsuwuta edisuwutaedhe was cooling | bizsuwuta ediksuwutaekwe were cooling | sizsuwuta edigizsuwutaegizyou all were cooling | alasuwuta edilesuwutaellethey were cooling |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mensuwutmay edimsuwutmayemI wasn't cooling | sensuwutmay ediŋsuwutmayeŋyou weren't cooling | olsuwutmay edisuwutmayedhe wasn't cooling | bizsuwutmay ediksuwutmayekwe weren't cooling | sizsuwutmay edigizsuwutmayegizyou all weren't cooling | alasuwutmay edilesuwutmayellethey weren't cooling |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | mensuwutuwçan edimsuwutuwçanemI used to cool | sensuwutuwçan ediŋsuwutuwçaneŋyou used to cool | olsuwutuwçan edisuwutuwçanedhe used to cool | bizsuwutuwçan ediksuwutuwçanekwe used to cool | sizsuwutuwçan edigizsuwutuwçanegizyou all used to cool | alasuwutuwçan edilesuwutuwçanellethey used to cool |
| Habitual past (used to) | mensuwutmawçan edimsuwutmawçanemI didn't use to cool | sensuwutmawçan ediŋsuwutmawçaneŋyou didn't use to cool | olsuwutmawçan edisuwutmawçanedhe didn't use to cool | bizsuwutmawçan ediksuwutmawçanekwe didn't use to cool | sizsuwutmawçan edigizsuwutmawçanegizyou all didn't use to cool | alasuwutmawçan edilesuwutmawçanellethey didn't use to cool |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olsuwutub edihe had cooled and remained so | alasuwutub edilethey had cooled and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olsuwutub tül edihe hadn't cooled | alasuwutub tül edilethey hadn't cooled | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mensuwutub tura edimsuwutub turaemI had kept cooling | sensuwutub tura ediŋsuwutub turaeŋyou had kept cooling | olsuwutub tura edisuwutub turaedhe had kept cooling | bizsuwutub tura ediksuwutub turaekwe had kept cooling | sizsuwutub tura edigizsuwutub turaegizyou all had kept cooling | alasuwutub tura edilesuwutub turaellethey had kept cooling |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mensuwutub turmay edimsuwutub turmayemI hadn't kept cooling | sensuwutub turmay ediŋsuwutub turmayeŋyou hadn't kept cooling | olsuwutub turmay edisuwutub turmayedhe hadn't kept cooling | bizsuwutub turmay ediksuwutub turmayekwe hadn't kept cooling | sizsuwutub turmay edigizsuwutub turmayegizyou all hadn't kept cooling | alasuwutub turmay edilesuwutub turmayellethey hadn't kept cooling |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mensuwuta tura edimsuwuta turaemI was in the middle of cooling | sensuwuta tura ediŋsuwuta turaeŋyou were in the middle of cooling | olsuwuta tura edisuwuta turaedhe was in the middle of cooling | bizsuwuta tura ediksuwuta turaekwe were in the middle of cooling | sizsuwuta tura edigizsuwuta turaegizyou all were in the middle of cooling | alasuwuta tura edilesuwuta turaellethey were in the middle of cooling |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mensuwuta turmay edimsuwuta turmayemI wasn't in the middle of cooling | sensuwuta turmay ediŋsuwuta turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of cooling | olsuwuta turmay edisuwuta turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of cooling | bizsuwuta turmay ediksuwuta turmayekwe weren't in the middle of cooling | sizsuwuta turmay edigizsuwuta turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of cooling | alasuwuta turmay edilesuwuta turmayellethey weren't in the middle of cooling |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | mensuwutur edimsuwutur emI would cool | sensuwutur ediŋsuwutur eŋyou would cool | olsuwutur edisuwutur edhe would cool | bizsuwutur ediksuwutur ekwe would cool | sizsuwutur edigizsuwutur egizyou all would cool | alasuwutur edilesuwutur ellethey would cool |
| Conditional result (would) | mensuwutmaz edimsuwutmaz emI wouldn't cool | sensuwutmaz ediŋsuwutmaz eŋyou wouldn't cool | olsuwutmaz edisuwutmaz edhe wouldn't cool | bizsuwutmaz ediksuwutmaz ekwe wouldn't cool | sizsuwutmaz edigizsuwutmaz egizyou all wouldn't cool | alasuwutmaz edilesuwutmaz ellethey wouldn't cool |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | mensuwuturuq edimsuwuturuq emI would have cooled | sensuwuturuq ediŋsuwuturuq eŋyou would have cooled | olsuwuturuq edisuwuturuq edhe would have cooled | bizsuwuturuq ediksuwuturuq ekwe would have cooled | sizsuwuturuq edigizsuwuturuq egizyou all would have cooled | alasuwuturuq edilesuwuturuq ellethey would have cooled |
| Past conditional result (would have) | mensuwuturuq tül edimsuwuturuq tül emI wouldn't have cooled | sensuwuturuq tül ediŋsuwuturuq tül eŋyou wouldn't have cooled | olsuwuturuq tül edisuwuturuq tül edhe wouldn't have cooled | bizsuwuturuq tül ediksuwuturuq tül ekwe wouldn't have cooled | sizsuwuturuq tül edigizsuwuturuq tül egizyou all wouldn't have cooled | alasuwuturuq tül edilesuwuturuq tül ellethey wouldn't have cooled |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | mensuwutsamif I cool | sensuwutsaŋif you cool | olsuwutsaif he cools | bizsuwutsaqif we cool | sizsuwutsağızif you all cool | alasuwutsalaif they cool |
| Conditional | mensuwutmasamif I don't cool | sensuwutmasaŋif you don't cool | olsuwutmasaif he doesn't cool | bizsuwutmasaqif we don't cool | sizsuwutmasağızif you all don't cool | alasuwutmasalaif they don't cool |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | mensuwuta esemif I am cooling | sensuwuta eseŋif you are cooling | olsuwuta eseif he is cooling | bizsuwuta esekif we are cooling | sizsuwuta esegizif you all are cooling | alasuwuta eseleif they are cooling |
| Conditional, present real | mensuwutmay esemif I am not cooling | sensuwutmay eseŋif you are not cooling | olsuwutmay eseif he is not cooling | bizsuwutmay esekif we are not cooling | sizsuwutmay esegizif you all are not cooling | alasuwutmay eseleif they are not cooling |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mensuwutsam edisuwutsam edif only I cooled | sensuwutsaŋ edisuwutsaŋ edif only you cooled | olsuwutsa edisuwutsaedif only he cooled | bizsuwutsaq edisuwutsaq edif only we cooled | sizsuwutsağız edisuwutsağız edif only you all cooled | alasuwutsala edisuwutsalaedif only they cooled |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mensuwutmasam edisuwutmasam edif only I didn't cool | sensuwutmasaŋ edisuwutmasaŋ edif only you didn't cool | olsuwutmasa edisuwutmasaedif only he didn't cool | bizsuwutmasaq edisuwutmasaq edif only we didn't cool | sizsuwutmasağız edisuwutmasağız edif only you all didn't cool | alasuwutmasala edisuwutmasalaedif only they didn't cool |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | mensuwutub tursamif I carry on cooling | sensuwutub tursaŋif you carry on cooling | olsuwutub tursaif he carries on cooling | bizsuwutub tursaqif we carry on cooling | sizsuwutub tursağızif you all carry on cooling | alasuwutub tursalaif they carry on cooling |
| Durative conditional | mensuwutub turmasamif I don't carry on cooling | sensuwutub turmasaŋif you don't carry on cooling | olsuwutub turmasaif he doesn't carry on cooling | bizsuwutub turmasaqif we don't carry on cooling | sizsuwutub turmasağızif you all don't carry on cooling | alasuwutub turmasalaif they don't carry on cooling |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | mensuwutub tura esemif I have kept cooling | sensuwutub tura eseŋif you have kept cooling | olsuwutub tura eseif he has kept cooling | bizsuwutub tura esekif we have kept cooling | sizsuwutub tura esegizif you all have kept cooling | alasuwutub tura eseleif they have kept cooling |
| Durative conditional, present real | mensuwutub turmay esemif I haven't kept cooling | sensuwutub turmay eseŋif you haven't kept cooling | olsuwutub turmay eseif he hasn't kept cooling | bizsuwutub turmay esekif we haven't kept cooling | sizsuwutub turmay esegizif you all haven't kept cooling | alasuwutub turmay eseleif they haven't kept cooling |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | mensuwuta tursamif I keep cooling | sensuwuta tursaŋif you keep cooling | olsuwuta tursaif he keeps cooling | bizsuwuta tursaqif we keep cooling | sizsuwuta tursağızif you all keep cooling | alasuwuta tursalaif they keep cooling |
| Progressive conditional | mensuwutmay tursamif I keep on not cooling | sensuwutmay tursaŋif you keep on not cooling | olsuwutmay tursaif he keeps on not cooling | bizsuwutmay tursaqif we keep on not cooling | sizsuwutmay tursağızif you all keep on not cooling | alasuwutmay tursalaif they keep on not cooling |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | mensuwuta tura esemif I am in the middle of cooling | sensuwuta tura eseŋif you are in the middle of cooling | olsuwuta tura eseif he is in the middle of cooling | bizsuwuta tura esekif we are in the middle of cooling | sizsuwuta tura esegizif you all are in the middle of cooling | alasuwuta tura eseleif they are in the middle of cooling |
| Progressive conditional, present real | mensuwutmay tura esemif I keep on not cooling | sensuwutmay tura eseŋif you keep on not cooling | olsuwutmay tura eseif he keeps on not cooling | bizsuwutmay tura esekif we keep on not cooling | sizsuwutmay tura esegizif you all keep on not cooling | alasuwutmay tura eseleif they keep on not cooling |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | mensuwutdum esemif I cooled | sensuwutduŋ eseŋif you cooled | olsuwutdu eseif he cooled | bizsuwutduq esekif we cooled | sizsuwutduğuz esegizif you all cooled | alasuwutdula eseleif they cooled |
| Conditional, definite past1 | mensuwutmadım esemif I didn't cool | sensuwutmadıŋ eseŋif you didn't cool | olsuwutmadı eseif he didn't cool | bizsuwutmadıq esekif we didn't cool | sizsuwutmadığız esegizif you all didn't cool | alasuwutmadıla eseleif they didn't cool |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | mensuwuthan esemif I did cool (indeed) | sensuwuthan eseŋif you did cool (indeed) | olsuwuthan eseif he did cool (indeed) | bizsuwuthan esekif we did cool (indeed) | sizsuwuthan esegizif you all did cool (indeed) | alasuwuthan eseleif they did cool (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | mensuwutmağan esemif I didn't cool (indeed) | sensuwutmağan eseŋif you didn't cool (indeed) | olsuwutmağan eseif he didn't cool (indeed) | bizsuwutmağan esekif we didn't cool (indeed) | sizsuwutmağan esegizif you all didn't cool (indeed) | alasuwutmağan eseleif they didn't cool (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | mensuwuthan bolsamif I had cooled | sensuwuthan bolsaŋif you had cooled | olsuwuthan bolsaif he had cooled | bizsuwuthan bolsaqif we had cooled | sizsuwuthan bolsağızif you all had cooled | alasuwuthan bolsalaif they had cooled |
| Conditional, counterfactual | mensuwutmağan bolsamif I hadn't cooled | sensuwutmağan bolsaŋif you hadn't cooled | olsuwutmağan bolsaif he hadn't cooled | bizsuwutmağan bolsaqif we hadn't cooled | sizsuwutmağan bolsağızif you all hadn't cooled | alasuwutmağan bolsalaif they hadn't cooled |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mensuwuthan bolsam edisuwuthan bolsam edif only I had cooled | sensuwuthan bolsaŋ edisuwuthan bolsaŋ edif only you had cooled | olsuwuthan bolsa edisuwuthan bolsaedif only he had cooled | bizsuwuthan bolsaq edisuwuthan bolsaq edif only we had cooled | sizsuwuthan bolsağız edisuwuthan bolsağız edif only you all had cooled | alasuwuthan bolsala edisuwuthan bolsalaedif only they had cooled |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mensuwutmağan bolsam edisuwutmağan bolsam edif only I hadn't cooled | sensuwutmağan bolsaŋ edisuwutmağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't cooled | olsuwutmağan bolsa edisuwutmağan bolsaedif only he hadn't cooled | bizsuwutmağan bolsaq edisuwutmağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't cooled | sizsuwutmağan bolsağız edisuwutmağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't cooled | alasuwutmağan bolsala edisuwutmağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't cooled |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | mensuwutur esemif I will cool | sensuwutur eseŋif you will cool | olsuwutur eseif he will cool | bizsuwutur esekif we will cool | sizsuwutur esegizif you all will cool | alasuwutur eseleif they will cool |
| Conditional, aorist | mensuwutmaz esemif I won't cool | sensuwutmaz eseŋif you won't cool | olsuwutmaz eseif he won't cool | bizsuwutmaz esekif we won't cool | sizsuwutmaz esegizif you all won't cool | alasuwutmaz eseleif they won't cool |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | mensuwuturuq esemif I am going to cool | sensuwuturuq eseŋif you are going to cool | olsuwuturuq eseif he is going to cool | bizsuwuturuq esekif we are going to cool | sizsuwuturuq esegizif you all are going to cool | alasuwuturuq eseleif they are going to cool |
| Conditional, future | mensuwuturuq tül esemif I am not going to cool | sensuwuturuq tül eseŋif you are not going to cool | olsuwuturuq tül eseif he is not going to cool | bizsuwuturuq tül esekif we are not going to cool | sizsuwuturuq tül esegizif you all are not going to cool | alasuwuturuq tül eseleif they are not going to cool |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mensuwuturuq bolsamif I were going to cool | sensuwuturuq bolsaŋif you were going to cool | olsuwuturuq bolsaif he were going to cool | bizsuwuturuq bolsaqif we were going to cool | sizsuwuturuq bolsağızif you all were going to cool | alasuwuturuq bolsalaif they were going to cool |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mensuwutmazlıq bolsamif I were not going to cool | sensuwutmazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to cool | olsuwutmazlıq bolsaif he were not going to cool | bizsuwutmazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to cool | sizsuwutmazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to cool | alasuwutmazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to cool |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso suwutduŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mensuwuta bolurmaI must be cooling | sensuwuta bolursayou must be cooling | olsuwuta bolurhe must be cooling | bizsuwuta bolurbuzwe must be cooling | sizsuwuta bolursuzyou all must be cooling | alasuwuta bolurlathey must be cooling |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mensuwutmay bolurmaI must not be cooling | sensuwutmay bolursayou must not be cooling | olsuwutmay bolurhe must not be cooling | bizsuwutmay bolurbuzwe must not be cooling | sizsuwutmay bolursuzyou all must not be cooling | alasuwutmay bolurlathey must not be cooling |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mensuwuta tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of cooling | sensuwuta tura bolursayou must be in the middle of cooling | olsuwuta tura bolurhe must be in the middle of cooling | bizsuwuta tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of cooling | sizsuwuta tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of cooling | alasuwuta tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of cooling |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mensuwutmay tura bolurmaI must keep on not cooling | sensuwutmay tura bolursayou must keep on not cooling | olsuwutmay tura bolurhe must keep on not cooling | bizsuwutmay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not cooling | sizsuwutmay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not cooling | alasuwutmay tura bolurlathey must keep on not cooling |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | mensuwuthan bolurmaI must have cooled | sensuwuthan bolursayou must have cooled | olsuwuthan bolurhe must have cooled | bizsuwuthan bolurbuzwe must have cooled | sizsuwuthan bolursuzyou all must have cooled | alasuwuthan bolurlathey must have cooled |
| Inference (must have) | mensuwutmağan bolurmaI must not have cooled | sensuwutmağan bolursayou must not have cooled | olsuwutmağan bolurhe must not have cooled | bizsuwutmağan bolurbuzwe must not have cooled | sizsuwutmağan bolursuzyou all must not have cooled | alasuwutmağan bolurlathey must not have cooled |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mensuwuturuq bolurmaI must be going to cool | sensuwuturuq bolursayou must be going to cool | olsuwuturuq bolurhe must be going to cool | bizsuwuturuq bolurbuzwe must be going to cool | sizsuwuturuq bolursuzyou all must be going to cool | alasuwuturuq bolurlathey must be going to cool |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mensuwutmazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to cool | sensuwutmazlıq bolursayou must not be going to cool | olsuwutmazlıq bolurhe must not be going to cool | bizsuwutmazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to cool | sizsuwutmazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to cool | alasuwutmazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to cool |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | mensuwutayımlet me cool | sensuwut!cool! | olsuwutsunlet him cool | bizsuwutayıqlet's cool | sizsuwutuğuz!cool, you all! | alasuwutsunlalet them cool |
| Commands & suggestions | mensuwutmayımlet me not cool | sensuwutma!don't cool! | olsuwutmasınlet him not cool | bizsuwutmayıqlet's not cool | sizsuwutmağız!don't cool, you all! | alasuwutmasınlalet them not cool |
| Commands & suggestions | mensuwutayımmı?shall I cool? | olsuwutsunmu?should he cool? | bizsuwutayıqmı?shall we cool? | alasuwutsunlamı?should they cool? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | mensuwutmayımmı?shall I not cool? | olsuwutmasınmı?should he not cool? | bizsuwutmayıqmı?shall we not cool? | alasuwutmasınlamı?should they not cool? | ||
| Requests | sensuwutçu2suwutçunplease cool | olsuwutsunçudo let him cool | sizsuwutçuğuzplease cool (plural/polite) | alasuwutsunlaçıdo let them cool | ||
| Requests | sensuwutmaçı2suwutmaçınplease don't cool | olsuwutmasınçıdo let him not cool | sizsuwutmaçığızplease don't cool (plural/polite) | alasuwutmasınlaçıdo let them not cool | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sensuwuthunsuwuthumay you cool | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sensuwutmağınsuwutmağımay you not cool | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mensuwuthay edim suwutha edimwould that I cooled | sensuwuthay ediŋ suwutha ediŋwould that you cooled | olsuwuthay edi suwutha ediwould that he cooled | bizsuwuthay edik suwutha edikwould that we cooled | sizsuwuthay edigiz suwutha edigizwould that you all cooled | alasuwuthay edile suwutha edilewould that they cooled |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mensuwutmağay edim suwutmağa edimwould that I did not cool | sensuwutmağay ediŋ suwutmağa ediŋwould that you did not cool | olsuwutmağay edi suwutmağa ediwould that he did not cool | bizsuwutmağay edik suwutmağa edikwould that we did not cool | sizsuwutmağay edigiz suwutmağa edigizwould that you all did not cool | alasuwutmağay edile suwutmağa edilewould that they did not cool |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | mensuwutmağa qoyayımsuwutma qoyayımlet me allow someone to cool | sensuwutmağa qoy!suwutma qoy!let someone cool! | olsuwutmağa qoysunsuwutma qoysunlet him allow someone to cool | bizsuwutmağa qoyayıqsuwutma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to cool | sizsuwutmağa qoyuğuz!suwutma qoyuğuz!let someone cool, you all! | alasuwutmağa qoysunlasuwutma qoysunlalet them allow someone to cool |
| Let someone… (commands) | mensuwutmağa qoymayımsuwutma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to cool | sensuwutmağa qoyma!suwutma qoyma!don't let someone cool! | olsuwutmağa qoymasınsuwutma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to cool | bizsuwutmağa qoymayıqsuwutma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to cool | sizsuwutmağa qoymağız!suwutma qoymağız!don't let someone cool, you all! | alasuwutmağa qoymasınlasuwutma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to cool |
| Let someone… (commands) | mensuwutmağa qoyayımmı?suwutma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to cool? | olsuwutmağa qoysunmu?suwutma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to cool? | bizsuwutmağa qoyayıqmı?suwutma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to cool? | alasuwutmağa qoysunlamı?suwutma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to cool? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | mensuwutmağa qoymayımmı?suwutma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to cool? | olsuwutmağa qoymasınmı?suwutma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to cool? | bizsuwutmağa qoymayıqmı?suwutma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to cool? | alasuwutmağa qoymasınlamı?suwutma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to cool? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | mensuwutmağa qoyamasuwutma qoyamaI allow someone to cool | sensuwutmağa qoyasasuwutma qoyasayou allow someone to cool | olsuwutmağa qoyadısuwutma qoyadıhe allows someone to cool | bizsuwutmağa qoyabızsuwutma qoyabızwe allow someone to cool | sizsuwutmağa qoyasızsuwutma qoyasızyou all allow someone to cool | alasuwutmağa qoyadılasuwutma qoyadılathey allow someone to cool |
| Let someone… (present) | mensuwutmağa qoymaymasuwutma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to cool | sensuwutmağa qoymaysasuwutma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to cool | olsuwutmağa qoymaydısuwutma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to cool | bizsuwutmağa qoymaybızsuwutma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to cool | sizsuwutmağa qoymaysızsuwutma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to cool | alasuwutmağa qoymaydılasuwutma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to cool |
| Let someone… (present) | mensuwutmağa qoyamamı?suwutma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to cool? | sensuwutmağa qoyamısa?suwutma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to cool? | olsuwutmağa qoyamıdı?suwutma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to cool? | bizsuwutmağa qoyabızmı?suwutma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to cool? | sizsuwutmağa qoyamısız?suwutma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to cool? | alasuwutmağa qoyamıdıla?suwutma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to cool? |
| Let someone… (present) | mensuwutmağa qoymaymamı?suwutma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to cool? | sensuwutmağa qoymaymısa?suwutma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to cool? | olsuwutmağa qoymaymıdı?suwutma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to cool? | bizsuwutmağa qoymaybızmı?suwutma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to cool? | sizsuwutmağa qoymaymısız?suwutma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to cool? | alasuwutmağa qoymaymıdıla?suwutma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to cool? |
| Let someone… (past) | mensuwutmağa qoydumsuwutma qoydumI allowed someone to cool | sensuwutmağa qoyduŋsuwutma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to cool | olsuwutmağa qoydusuwutma qoyduhe allowed someone to cool | bizsuwutmağa qoyduqsuwutma qoyduqwe allowed someone to cool | sizsuwutmağa qoyduğuzsuwutma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to cool | alasuwutmağa qoydulasuwutma qoydulathey allowed someone to cool |
| Let someone… (past) | mensuwutmağa qoymadımsuwutma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to cool | sensuwutmağa qoymadıŋsuwutma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to cool | olsuwutmağa qoymadısuwutma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to cool | bizsuwutmağa qoymadıqsuwutma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to cool | sizsuwutmağa qoymadığızsuwutma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to cool | alasuwutmağa qoymadılasuwutma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to cool |
| Let someone… (past) | mensuwutmağa qoydummu?suwutma qoydummu?did I allow someone to cool? | sensuwutmağa qoyduŋmu?suwutma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to cool? | olsuwutmağa qoydumu?suwutma qoydumu?did he allow someone to cool? | bizsuwutmağa qoyduqmu?suwutma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to cool? | sizsuwutmağa qoyduğuzmu?suwutma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to cool? | alasuwutmağa qoydulamı?suwutma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to cool? |
| Let someone… (past) | mensuwutmağa qoymadımmı?suwutma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to cool? | sensuwutmağa qoymadıŋmı?suwutma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to cool? | olsuwutmağa qoymadımı?suwutma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to cool? | bizsuwutmağa qoymadıqmı?suwutma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to cool? | sizsuwutmağa qoymadığızmı?suwutma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to cool? | alasuwutmağa qoymadılamı?suwutma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to cool? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
suwutalırğa be able to cool · suwutalmazğa be unable to cool
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | mensuwutalamaI can cool | sensuwutalasayou can cool | olsuwutaladıhe can cool | bizsuwutalabızwe can cool | sizsuwutalasızyou all can cool | alasuwutaladılathey can cool |
| Ability — present | mensuwutalmaymaI can't cool | sensuwutalmaysayou can't cool | olsuwutalmaydıhe can't cool | bizsuwutalmaybızwe can't cool | sizsuwutalmaysızyou all can't cool | alasuwutalmaydılathey can't cool |
| Ability — present | mensuwutalamamı? suwutalamıma?can I cool? | sensuwutalamısa?can you cool? | olsuwutalamıdı?can he cool? | bizsuwutalabızmı? suwutalamıbız?can we cool? | sizsuwutalamısız?can you all cool? | alasuwutalamıdıla?can they cool? |
| Ability — present | mensuwutalmaymamı? suwutalmaymıma?can't I cool? | sensuwutalmaymısa?can't you cool? | olsuwutalmaymıdı?can't he cool? | bizsuwutalmaybızmı? suwutalmaymıbız?can't we cool? | sizsuwutalmaymısız?can't you all cool? | alasuwutalmaymıdıla?can't they cool? |
| Ability — if I can… | mensuwutalsamif I can cool | sensuwutalsaŋif you can cool | olsuwutalsaif he can cool | bizsuwutalsaqif we can cool | sizsuwutalsağızif you all can cool | alasuwutalsalaif they can cool |
| Ability — if I can… | mensuwutalmasamif I can't cool | sensuwutalmasaŋif you can't cool | olsuwutalmasaif he can't cool | bizsuwutalmasaqif we can't cool | sizsuwutalmasağızif you all can't cool | alasuwutalmasalaif they can't cool |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | mensuwutaldımI was able to cool | sensuwutaldıŋyou were able to cool | olsuwutaldıhe was able to cool | bizsuwutaldıqwe were able to cool | sizsuwutaldığızyou all were able to cool | alasuwutaldılathey were able to cool |
| Ability — simple past | mensuwutalmadımI could not cool | sensuwutalmadıŋyou could not cool | olsuwutalmadıhe could not cool | bizsuwutalmadıqwe could not cool | sizsuwutalmadığızyou all could not cool | alasuwutalmadılathey could not cool |
| Ability — simple past | mensuwutaldımmı?was I able to cool? | sensuwutaldıŋmı?were you able to cool? | olsuwutaldımı?was he able to cool? | bizsuwutaldıqmı?were we able to cool? | sizsuwutaldığızmı?were you all able to cool? | alasuwutaldılamı?were they able to cool? |
| Ability — simple past | mensuwutalmadımmı?couldn't I cool? | sensuwutalmadıŋmı?couldn't you cool? | olsuwutalmadımı?couldn't he cool? | bizsuwutalmadıqmı?couldn't we cool? | sizsuwutalmadığızmı?couldn't you all cool? | alasuwutalmadılamı?couldn't they cool? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensuwutalğanmaI have been able to cool | sensuwutalğansayou have been able to cool | olsuwutalğandıhe has been able to cool | bizsuwutalğanbızwe have been able to cool | sizsuwutalğansızyou all have been able to cool | alasuwutalğandılathey have been able to cool |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensuwutalmağanmaI haven't been able to cool | sensuwutalmağansayou haven't been able to cool | olsuwutalmağandıhe hasn't been able to cool | bizsuwutalmağanbızwe haven't been able to cool | sizsuwutalmağansızyou all haven't been able to cool | alasuwutalmağandılathey haven't been able to cool |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensuwutalğanmamı? suwutalğanmıma?have I been able to cool? | sensuwutalğanmısa?have you been able to cool? | olsuwutalğanmıdı?has he been able to cool? | bizsuwutalğanbızmı? suwutalğanmıbız?have we been able to cool? | sizsuwutalğanmısız?have you all been able to cool? | alasuwutalğanmıdıla?have they been able to cool? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensuwutalmağanmamı? suwutalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to cool? | sensuwutalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to cool? | olsuwutalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to cool? | bizsuwutalmağanbızmı? suwutalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to cool? | sizsuwutalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to cool? | alasuwutalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to cool? |
| Ability — past perfect | mensuwutalğan edimsuwutalğanemI had been able to cool | sensuwutalğan ediŋsuwutalğaneŋyou had been able to cool | olsuwutalğan edisuwutalğanedhe had been able to cool | bizsuwutalğan ediksuwutalğanekwe had been able to cool | sizsuwutalğan edigizsuwutalğanegizyou all had been able to cool | alasuwutalğan edilesuwutalğanellethey had been able to cool |
| Ability — past perfect | mensuwutalmağan edimsuwutalmağanemI hadn't been able to cool | sensuwutalmağan ediŋsuwutalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to cool | olsuwutalmağan edisuwutalmağanedhe hadn't been able to cool | bizsuwutalmağan ediksuwutalmağanekwe hadn't been able to cool | sizsuwutalmağan edigizsuwutalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to cool | alasuwutalmağan edilesuwutalmağanellethey hadn't been able to cool |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | mensuwutala edimsuwutalaemI could cool | sensuwutala ediŋsuwutalaeŋyou could cool | olsuwutala edisuwutalaedhe could cool | bizsuwutala ediksuwutalaekwe could cool | sizsuwutala edigizsuwutalaegizyou all could cool | alasuwutala edilesuwutalaellethey could cool |
| Ability — past background | mensuwutalmay edimsuwutalmayemI could not cool | sensuwutalmay ediŋsuwutalmayeŋyou could not cool | olsuwutalmay edisuwutalmayedhe could not cool | bizsuwutalmay ediksuwutalmayekwe could not cool | sizsuwutalmay edigizsuwutalmayegizyou all could not cool | alasuwutalmay edilesuwutalmayellethey could not cool |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | mensuwutalırmaI will be able to cool | sensuwutalırsayou will be able to cool | olsuwutalırhe will be able to cool | bizsuwutalırbızwe will be able to cool | sizsuwutalırsızyou all will be able to cool | alasuwutalırlathey will be able to cool |
| Ability — future I | mensuwutalmazmaI won't be able to cool | sensuwutalmazsayou won't be able to cool | olsuwutalmazhe won't be able to cool | bizsuwutalmazbızwe won't be able to cool | sizsuwutalmazsızyou all won't be able to cool | alasuwutalmazlathey won't be able to cool |
| Ability — future I | mensuwutalırmamı? suwutalırmıma?will I be able to cool? | sensuwutalırmısa?will you be able to cool? | olsuwutalırmı?will he be able to cool? | bizsuwutalırbızmı? suwutalırmıbız?will we be able to cool? | sizsuwutalırmısız?will you all be able to cool? | alasuwutalırlamı? suwutalırmıla?will they be able to cool? |
| Ability — future I | mensuwutalmazmamı? suwutalmazmıma?won't I be able to cool? | sensuwutalmazmısa?won't you be able to cool? | olsuwutalmazmı?won't he be able to cool? | bizsuwutalmazbızmı? suwutalmazmıbız?won't we be able to cool? | sizsuwutalmazmısız?won't you all be able to cool? | alasuwutalmazlamı? suwutalmazmıla?won't they be able to cool? |
| Ability — future II | mensuwutallıqmaI am going to be able to cool | sensuwutallıqsayou are going to be able to cool | olsuwutallıqdıhe is going to be able to cool | bizsuwutallıqbızwe are going to be able to cool | sizsuwutallıqsızyou all are going to be able to cool | alasuwutallıqdılathey are going to be able to cool |
| Ability — future II | mensuwutallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to cool | sensuwutallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to cool | olsuwutallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to cool | bizsuwutallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to cool | sizsuwutallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to cool | alasuwutallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to cool |
| Ability — future II | mensuwutallıqmamı? suwutallıqmıma?am I going to be able to cool? | sensuwutallıqmısa?are you going to be able to cool? | olsuwutallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to cool? | bizsuwutallıqbızmı? suwutallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to cool? | sizsuwutallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to cool? | alasuwutallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to cool? |
| Ability — future II | mensuwutallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to cool? | sensuwutallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to cool? | olsuwutallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to cool? | bizsuwutallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to cool? | sizsuwutallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to cool? | alasuwutallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to cool? |
| Ability — would be able to… | mensuwutalır edimsuwutalır emI would be able to cool | sensuwutalır ediŋsuwutalır eŋyou would be able to cool | olsuwutalır edisuwutalır edhe would be able to cool | bizsuwutalır ediksuwutalır ekwe would be able to cool | sizsuwutalır edigizsuwutalır egizyou all would be able to cool | alasuwutalır edilesuwutalır ellethey would be able to cool |
| Ability — would be able to… | mensuwutalmaz edimsuwutalmaz emI wouldn't be able to cool | sensuwutalmaz ediŋsuwutalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to cool | olsuwutalmaz edisuwutalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to cool | bizsuwutalmaz ediksuwutalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to cool | sizsuwutalmaz edigizsuwutalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to cool | alasuwutalmaz edilesuwutalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to cool |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sensuwutalğınsuwutalğımay you be able to cool | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sensuwutalmağınsuwutalmağımay you not be able to cool | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | mensuwuturğa izleymeI want to cool | sensuwuturğa izleyseyou want to cool | olsuwuturğa izleydihe wants to cool | bizsuwuturğa izleybizwe want to cool | sizsuwuturğa izleysizyou all want to cool | alasuwuturğa izleydilethey want to cool |
| want to | mensuwuturğa izlemeymeI do not want to cool | sensuwuturğa izlemeyseyou do not want to cool | olsuwuturğa izlemeydihe does not want to cool | bizsuwuturğa izlemeybizwe do not want to cool | sizsuwuturğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to cool | alasuwuturğa izlemeydilethey do not want to cool |
| would like to | mensuwuturğa süemeI would like to cool | sensuwuturğa süeseyou would like to cool | olsuwuturğa süedihe would like to cool | bizsuwuturğa süebizwe would like to cool | sizsuwuturğa süesizyou all would like to cool | alasuwuturğa süedilethey would like to cool |
| would like to | mensuwuturğa süymeymeI would not like to cool | sensuwuturğa süymeyseyou would not like to cool | olsuwuturğa süymeydihe would not like to cool | bizsuwuturğa süymeybizwe would not like to cool | sizsuwuturğa süymeysizyou all would not like to cool | alasuwuturğa süymeydilethey would not like to cool |
| hope to | mensuwuturğa umutlanamaI hope to cool | sensuwuturğa umutlanasayou hope to cool | olsuwuturğa umutlanadıhe hopes to cool | bizsuwuturğa umutlanabızwe hope to cool | sizsuwuturğa umutlanasızyou all hope to cool | alasuwuturğa umutlanadılathey hope to cool |
| hope to | mensuwuturğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to cool | sensuwuturğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to cool | olsuwuturğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to cool | bizsuwuturğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to cool | sizsuwuturğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to cool | alasuwuturğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to cool |
| be about to | mensuwuturğa deb turamaI am about to cool | sensuwuturğa deb turasayou are about to cool | olsuwuturğa deb turadıhe is about to cool | bizsuwuturğa deb turabızwe are about to cool | sizsuwuturğa deb turasızyou all are about to cool | alasuwuturğa deb turadılathey are about to cool |
| be about to | mensuwuturğa deb turmaymaI am not about to cool | sensuwuturğa deb turmaysayou are not about to cool | olsuwuturğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to cool | bizsuwuturğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to cool | sizsuwuturğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to cool | alasuwuturğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to cool |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | mensuwuturğa kerekmeI need to cool | sensuwuturğa kerekseyou need to cool | olsuwuturğa kerekdihe needs to cool | bizsuwuturğa kerekbizwe need to cool | sizsuwuturğa kereksizyou all need to cool | alasuwuturğa kerekdilethey need to cool |
| need to | mensuwuturğa kerek tülmeI do not need to cool | sensuwuturğa kerek tülseyou do not need to cool | olsuwuturğa kerek tüldühe does not need to cool | bizsuwuturğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to cool | sizsuwuturğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to cool | alasuwuturğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to cool |
| have to | menmenŋe suwuturğa tüşediI have to cool | sensenŋe suwuturğa tüşediyou have to cool | olaŋa suwuturğa tüşedihe has to cool | bizbizge suwuturğa tüşediwe have to cool | sizsizge suwuturğa tüşediyou all have to cool | alaalağa suwuturğa tüşedithey have to cool |
| have to | menmenŋe suwuturğa tüşmeydiI do not have to cool | sensenŋe suwuturğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to cool | olaŋa suwuturğa tüşmeydihe does not have to cool | bizbizge suwuturğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to cool | sizsizge suwuturğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to cool | alaalağa suwuturğa tüşmeydithey do not have to cool |
| be obliged to | mensuwuturğa borçlumaI am obliged to cool | sensuwuturğa borçlusayou are obliged to cool | olsuwuturğa borçluduhe is obliged to cool | bizsuwuturğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to cool | sizsuwuturğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to cool | alasuwuturğa borçludulathey are obliged to cool |
| be obliged to | mensuwuturğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to cool | sensuwuturğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to cool | olsuwuturğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to cool | bizsuwuturğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to cool | sizsuwuturğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to cool | alasuwuturğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to cool |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | mensuwuturğa madarım bardıI have a way to cool | sensuwuturğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to cool | olsuwuturğa madarı bardıhe has a way to cool | bizsuwuturğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to cool | sizsuwuturğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to cool | alasuwuturğa madarları bardıthey have a way to cool |
| have a way to | mensuwuturğa madarım joqduI have no way to cool | sensuwuturğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to cool | olsuwuturğa madarı joqduhe has no way to cool | bizsuwuturğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to cool | sizsuwuturğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to cool | alasuwuturğa madarları joqduthey have no way to cool |
| be free to | mensuwuturğa erkinligim bardıI am free to cool | sensuwuturğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to cool | olsuwuturğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to cool | bizsuwuturğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to cool | sizsuwuturğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to cool | alasuwuturğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to cool |
| be free to | mensuwuturğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to cool | sensuwuturğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to cool | olsuwuturğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to cool | bizsuwuturğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to cool | sizsuwuturğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to cool | alasuwuturğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to cool |
| be possible to | menmenŋe suwuturğa bolluqduit is possible for me to cool | sensenŋe suwuturğa bolluqduit is possible for you to cool | olaŋa suwuturğa bolluqduit is possible for him to cool | bizbizge suwuturğa bolluqduit is possible for us to cool | sizsizge suwuturğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to cool | alaalağa suwuturğa bolluqduit is possible for them to cool |
| be possible to | menmenŋe suwuturğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to cool | sensenŋe suwuturğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to cool | olaŋa suwuturğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to cool | bizbizge suwuturğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to cool | sizsizge suwuturğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to cool | alaalağa suwuturğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to cool |
| be ready to | mensuwuturğa hazırmaI am ready to cool | sensuwuturğa hazırsayou are ready to cool | olsuwuturğa hazırdıhe is ready to cool | bizsuwuturğa hazırbızwe are ready to cool | sizsuwuturğa hazırsızyou all are ready to cool | alasuwuturğa hazırdılathey are ready to cool |
| be ready to | mensuwuturğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to cool | sensuwuturğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to cool | olsuwuturğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to cool | bizsuwuturğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to cool | sizsuwuturğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to cool | alasuwuturğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to cool |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | mensuwuturğa küreşemeI am trying to cool | sensuwuturğa küreşeseyou are trying to cool | olsuwuturğa küreşedihe is trying to cool | bizsuwuturğa küreşebizwe are trying to cool | sizsuwuturğa küreşesizyou all are trying to cool | alasuwuturğa küreşedilethey are trying to cool |
| try to | mensuwuturğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to cool | sensuwuturğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to cool | olsuwuturğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to cool | bizsuwuturğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to cool | sizsuwuturğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to cool | alasuwuturğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to cool |
| agree to | mensuwuturğa unaymaI agree to cool | sensuwuturğa unaysayou agree to cool | olsuwuturğa unaydıhe agrees to cool | bizsuwuturğa unaybızwe agree to cool | sizsuwuturğa unaysızyou all agree to cool | alasuwuturğa unaydılathey agree to cool |
| agree to | mensuwuturğa unamaymaI refuse to cool | sensuwuturğa unamaysayou refuse to cool | olsuwuturğa unamaydıhe refuses to cool | bizsuwuturğa unamaybızwe refuse to cool | sizsuwuturğa unamaysızyou all refuse to cool | alasuwuturğa unamaydılathey refuse to cool |
| hurry to | mensuwuturğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to cool | sensuwuturğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to cool | olsuwuturğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to cool | bizsuwuturğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to cool | sizsuwuturğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to cool | alasuwuturğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to cool |
| hurry to | mensuwuturğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to cool | sensuwuturğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to cool | olsuwuturğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to cool | bizsuwuturğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to cool | sizsuwuturğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to cool | alasuwuturğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to cool |
| be afraid to | mensuwuturğa qorqamaI am afraid to cool | sensuwuturğa qorqasayou are afraid to cool | olsuwuturğa qorqadıhe is afraid to cool | bizsuwuturğa qorqabızwe are afraid to cool | sizsuwuturğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to cool | alasuwuturğa qorqadılathey are afraid to cool |
| be afraid to | mensuwuturğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to cool | sensuwuturğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to cool | olsuwuturğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to cool | bizsuwuturğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to cool | sizsuwuturğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to cool | alasuwuturğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to cool |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | mensuwuta bolmazmaI can't be cooling | sensuwuta bolmazsayou can't be cooling | olsuwuta bolmazhe can't be cooling | bizsuwuta bolmazbızwe can't be cooling | sizsuwuta bolmazsızyou all can't be cooling | alasuwuta bolmazlathey can't be cooling |
| Inference, present — double negation | mensuwutmay bolmazmaI must be cooling (emphatic) | sensuwutmay bolmazsayou must be cooling (emphatic) | olsuwutmay bolmazhe must be cooling (emphatic) | bizsuwutmay bolmazbızwe must be cooling (emphatic) | sizsuwutmay bolmazsızyou all must be cooling (emphatic) | alasuwutmay bolmazlathey must be cooling (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | mensuwuta turmasamif I don't keep cooling | sensuwuta turmasaŋif you don't keep cooling | olsuwuta turmasaif he doesn't keep cooling | bizsuwuta turmasaqif we don't keep cooling | sizsuwuta turmasağızif you all don't keep cooling | alasuwuta turmasalaif they don't keep cooling |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | mensuwuta tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of cooling | sensuwuta tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of cooling | olsuwuta tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of cooling | bizsuwuta tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of cooling | sizsuwuta tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of cooling | alasuwuta tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of cooling |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | mensuwutmay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not cooling (emphatic) | sensuwutmay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not cooling (emphatic) | olsuwutmay tura bolmazhe must keep on not cooling (emphatic) | bizsuwutmay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not cooling (emphatic) | sizsuwutmay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not cooling (emphatic) | alasuwutmay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not cooling (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | mensuwutmay turamaI keep on not cooling | sensuwutmay turasayou keep on not cooling | olsuwutmay turadıhe keeps on not cooling | bizsuwutmay turabızwe keep on not cooling | sizsuwutmay turasızyou all keep on not cooling | alasuwutmay turadılathey keep on not cooling |
| Progressive — double negation | mensuwutmay turmaymaI am not keeping on not cooling | sensuwutmay turmaysayou are not keeping on not cooling | olsuwutmay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not cooling | bizsuwutmay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not cooling | sizsuwutmay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not cooling | alasuwutmay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not cooling |
| Progressive — double negation | mensuwutmay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not cooling? | sensuwutmay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not cooling? | olsuwutmay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not cooling? | bizsuwutmay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not cooling? | sizsuwutmay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not cooling? | alasuwutmay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not cooling? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | mensuwuthan bolmazmaI can't have cooled | sensuwuthan bolmazsayou can't have cooled | olsuwuthan bolmazhe can't have cooled | bizsuwuthan bolmazbızwe can't have cooled | sizsuwuthan bolmazsızyou all can't have cooled | alasuwuthan bolmazlathey can't have cooled |
| Inference — double negation | mensuwutmağan bolmazmaI must have cooled (emphatic) | sensuwutmağan bolmazsayou must have cooled (emphatic) | olsuwutmağan bolmazhe must have cooled (emphatic) | bizsuwutmağan bolmazbızwe must have cooled (emphatic) | sizsuwutmağan bolmazsızyou all must have cooled (emphatic) | alasuwutmağan bolmazlathey must have cooled (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | mensuwuthan bolmasamif it weren't that I had cooled | sensuwuthan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had cooled | olsuwuthan bolmasaif it weren't that he had cooled | bizsuwuthan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had cooled | sizsuwuthan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had cooled | alasuwuthan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had cooled |
| Counterfactual — double negation | mensuwutmağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't cooled | sensuwutmağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't cooled | olsuwutmağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't cooled | bizsuwutmağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't cooled | sizsuwutmağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't cooled | alasuwutmağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't cooled |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | mensuwuturuq bolmazmaI can't be going to cool | sensuwuturuq bolmazsayou can't be going to cool | olsuwuturuq bolmazhe can't be going to cool | bizsuwuturuq bolmazbızwe can't be going to cool | sizsuwuturuq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to cool | alasuwuturuq bolmazlathey can't be going to cool |
| Inference, future — double negation | mensuwutmazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to cool (emphatic) | sensuwutmazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to cool (emphatic) | olsuwutmazlıq bolmazhe must be going to cool (emphatic) | bizsuwutmazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to cool (emphatic) | sizsuwutmazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to cool (emphatic) | alasuwutmazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to cool (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | mensuwuturuq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to cool | sensuwuturuq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to cool | olsuwuturuq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to cool | bizsuwuturuq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to cool | sizsuwuturuq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to cool | alasuwuturuq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to cool |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | mensuwutmazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to cool | sensuwutmazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to cool | olsuwutmazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to cool | bizsuwutmazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to cool | sizsuwutmazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to cool | alasuwutmazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to cool |