qutharırğa
/qutxarɯrʁa/
1. save, rescue, deliver
- ölümden qutharırğa — to save from death
- qarıwsuz malların buzdan qutharırğa çabadıla — they run to save their weak livestock from the ice
- halqnı qıyınlıqdan qalay qutharayıq? — how shall we save the people from trouble?
- sabiyni suwdan quthardıla — they saved the child from the water
- atam anı qutharğandı — my father saved him
- kesiŋi qutharırğa — to save yourself
- meni nasıbım quthardı — my luck saved me
2. free, release, set free
- türmeden qutharırğa — to free someone from prison
- tutmaqlanı qutharırğa — to free the prisoners
- ol üçügüznü da qutharadı — he frees all three of you
- qıyınlıqdan qutharırğa — to free someone from trouble
3. let slip, let get away, let escape one source
- uwçu, uralmay, börünü quthardı — the hunter, failing to hit it, let the wolf get away
- ol çabaqnı quthardı — he let the fish get away
- jawnu qutharırğa — to let the enemy get away
- qaçhannı qutharırğa — to let the runaway slip
4. steal, make off with — Used in this meaning only in some dialects. one source
- çuruqlanı kim ese da quthardı — somebody made off with the boots
- açhanı qutharğandı — he stole the money
- kitabnı qutharğandıla — they stole the book
Expressions
- başın qutharırğa — save oneself
Conjugation
Common forms
- qutharadıhe is saving
- quthardıhe saved
- qutharğandıhe has saved
- qutharırhe will save
- qutharlıqdıhe is going to save
- quthara edihe was saving
- qutharsaif he saves
- quthar!save!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menqutharamaI am saving | senqutharasayou are saving | olqutharadıhe is saving | bizqutharabızwe are saving | sizqutharasızyou all are saving | alaqutharadılathey are saving |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menqutharmaymaI am not saving | senqutharmaysayou are not saving | olqutharmaydıhe is not saving | bizqutharmaybızwe are not saving | sizqutharmaysızyou all are not saving | alaqutharmaydılathey are not saving |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menqutharamamı? qutharamıma?am I saving? | senqutharamısa?are you saving? | olqutharamıdı?is he saving? | bizqutharabızmı? qutharamıbız?are we saving? | sizqutharamısız?are you all saving? | alaqutharamıdıla?are they saving? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menqutharmaymamı? qutharmaymıma?aren't I saving? | senqutharmaymısa?aren't you saving? | olqutharmaymıdı?isn't he saving? | bizqutharmaybızmı? qutharmaymıbız?aren't we saving? | sizqutharmaymısız?aren't you all saving? | alaqutharmaymıdıla?aren't they saving? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menqutharıwçanmaI usually save | senqutharıwçansayou usually save | olqutharıwçandıhe usually saves | bizqutharıwçanbızwe usually save | sizqutharıwçansızyou all usually save | alaqutharıwçandılathey usually save |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menqutharmawçanmaI usually don't save | senqutharmawçansayou usually don't save | olqutharmawçandıhe usually doesn't save | bizqutharmawçanbızwe usually don't save | sizqutharmawçansızyou all usually don't save | alaqutharmawçandılathey usually don't save |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menqutharıwçanmamı? qutharıwçanmıma?do I usually save? | senqutharıwçanmısa?do you usually save? | olqutharıwçanmıdı?does he usually save? | bizqutharıwçanbızmı? qutharıwçanmıbız?do we usually save? | sizqutharıwçanmısız?do you all usually save? | alaqutharıwçanmıdıla?do they usually save? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menqutharmawçanmamı? qutharmawçanmıma?do I usually not save? | senqutharmawçanmısa?do you usually not save? | olqutharmawçanmıdı?does he usually not save? | bizqutharmawçanbızmı? qutharmawçanmıbız?do we usually not save? | sizqutharmawçanmısız?do you all usually not save? | alaqutharmawçanmıdıla?do they usually not save? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olqutharıbdıhe has saved and remains so | alaqutharıbdılathey have saved and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olqutharıbmıdı?has he saved? | alaqutharıbmıdıla?have they saved? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menqutharıb turamaI keep saving | senqutharıb turasayou keep saving | olqutharıb turadıhe keeps saving | bizqutharıb turabızwe keep saving | sizqutharıb turasızyou all keep saving | alaqutharıb turadılathey keep saving |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menqutharıb turmaymaI don't keep saving | senqutharıb turmaysayou don't keep saving | olqutharıb turmaydıhe doesn't keep saving | bizqutharıb turmaybızwe don't keep saving | sizqutharıb turmaysızyou all don't keep saving | alaqutharıb turmaydılathey don't keep saving |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menqutharıb turamamı? qutharıb turamıma?do I keep saving? | senqutharıb turamısa?do you keep saving? | olqutharıb turamıdı?does he keep saving? | bizqutharıb turabızmı? qutharıb turamıbız?do we keep saving? | sizqutharıb turamısız?do you all keep saving? | alaqutharıb turamıdıla?do they keep saving? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menqutharıb turmaymamı? qutharıb turmaymıma?don't I keep saving? | senqutharıb turmaymısa?don't you keep saving? | olqutharıb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep saving? | bizqutharıb turmaybızmı? qutharıb turmaymıbız?don't we keep saving? | sizqutharıb turmaymısız?don't you all keep saving? | alaqutharıb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep saving? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menquthara turamaI am in the middle of saving | senquthara turasayou are in the middle of saving | olquthara turadıhe is in the middle of saving | bizquthara turabızwe are in the middle of saving | sizquthara turasızyou all are in the middle of saving | alaquthara turadılathey are in the middle of saving |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menquthara turmaymaI am not in the middle of saving | senquthara turmaysayou are not in the middle of saving | olquthara turmaydıhe is not in the middle of saving | bizquthara turmaybızwe are not in the middle of saving | sizquthara turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of saving | alaquthara turmaydılathey are not in the middle of saving |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menquthara turamamı? quthara turamıma?am I in the middle of saving? | senquthara turamısa?are you in the middle of saving? | olquthara turamıdı?is he in the middle of saving? | bizquthara turabızmı? quthara turamıbız?are we in the middle of saving? | sizquthara turamısız?are you all in the middle of saving? | alaquthara turamıdıla?are they in the middle of saving? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menquthara turmaymamı? quthara turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of saving? | senquthara turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of saving? | olquthara turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of saving? | bizquthara turmaybızmı? quthara turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of saving? | sizquthara turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of saving? | alaquthara turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of saving? |
| Simple past (definite) | menquthardımI saved | senquthardıŋyou saved | olquthardıhe saved | bizquthardıqwe saved | sizquthardığızyou all saved | alaquthardılathey saved |
| Simple past (definite) | menqutharmadımI didn't save | senqutharmadıŋyou didn't save | olqutharmadıhe didn't save | bizqutharmadıqwe didn't save | sizqutharmadığızyou all didn't save | alaqutharmadılathey didn't save |
| Simple past (definite) | menquthardımmı?did I save? | senquthardıŋmı?did you save? | olquthardımı?did he save? | bizquthardıqmı?did we save? | sizquthardığızmı?did you all save? | alaquthardılamı?did they save? |
| Simple past (definite) | menqutharmadımmı?didn't I save? | senqutharmadıŋmı?didn't you save? | olqutharmadımı?didn't he save? | bizqutharmadıqmı?didn't we save? | sizqutharmadığızmı?didn't you all save? | alaqutharmadılamı?didn't they save? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menqutharğanmaI have saved | senqutharğansayou have saved | olqutharğandıhe has saved | bizqutharğanbızwe have saved | sizqutharğansızyou all have saved | alaqutharğandılathey have saved |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menqutharmağanmaI haven't saved | senqutharmağansayou haven't saved | olqutharmağandıhe hasn't saved | bizqutharmağanbızwe haven't saved | sizqutharmağansızyou all haven't saved | alaqutharmağandılathey haven't saved |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menqutharğanmamı? qutharğanmıma?have I saved? | senqutharğanmısa?have you saved? | olqutharğanmıdı?has he saved? | bizqutharğanbızmı? qutharğanmıbız?have we saved? | sizqutharğanmısız?have you all saved? | alaqutharğanmıdıla?have they saved? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menqutharmağanmamı? qutharmağanmıma?haven't I saved? | senqutharmağanmısa?haven't you saved? | olqutharmağanmıdı?hasn't he saved? | bizqutharmağanbızmı? qutharmağanmıbız?haven't we saved? | sizqutharmağanmısız?haven't you all saved? | alaqutharmağanmıdıla?haven't they saved? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menqutharıb turdumI kept saving | senqutharıb turduŋyou kept saving | olqutharıb turduhe kept saving | bizqutharıb turduqwe kept saving | sizqutharıb turduğuzyou all kept saving | alaqutharıb turdulathey kept saving |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menqutharıb turmadımI didn't keep saving | senqutharıb turmadıŋyou didn't keep saving | olqutharıb turmadıhe didn't keep saving | bizqutharıb turmadıqwe didn't keep saving | sizqutharıb turmadığızyou all didn't keep saving | alaqutharıb turmadılathey didn't keep saving |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menqutharırmaI will save | senqutharırsayou will save | olqutharırhe will save | bizqutharırbızwe will save | sizqutharırsızyou all will save | alaqutharırlathey will save |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menqutharmazmaI won't save | senqutharmazsayou won't save | olqutharmazhe won't save | bizqutharmazbızwe won't save | sizqutharmazsızyou all won't save | alaqutharmazlathey won't save |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menqutharırmamı? qutharırmıma?will I save? | senqutharırmısa?will you save? | olqutharırmı?will he save? | bizqutharırbızmı? qutharırmıbız?will we save? | sizqutharırmısız?will you all save? | alaqutharırlamı? qutharırmıla?will they save? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menqutharmazmamı? qutharmazmıma?won't I save? | senqutharmazmısa?won't you save? | olqutharmazmı?won't he save? | bizqutharmazbızmı? qutharmazmıbız?won't we save? | sizqutharmazmısız?won't you all save? | alaqutharmazlamı? qutharmazmıla?won't they save? |
| Definite future (future II) | menqutharlıqma1qutharrıqmaI am going to save | senqutharlıqsa1qutharrıqsayou are going to save | olqutharlıqdı1qutharrıqdıhe is going to save | bizqutharlıqbız1qutharrıqbızwe are going to save | sizqutharlıqsız1qutharrıqsızyou all are going to save | alaqutharlıqdıla1qutharrıqdılathey are going to save |
| Definite future (future II) | menqutharlıq tülme1qutharrıq tülmeI am not going to save | senqutharlıq tülse1qutharrıq tülseyou are not going to save | olqutharlıq tüldü1qutharrıq tüldühe is not going to save | bizqutharlıq tülbüz1qutharrıq tülbüzwe are not going to save | sizqutharlıq tülsüz1qutharrıq tülsüzyou all are not going to save | alaqutharlıq tüldüle1qutharrıq tüldülethey are not going to save |
| Definite future (future II) | menqutharlıqmamı?1 qutharlıqmıma?qutharrıqmamı?am I going to save? | senqutharlıqmısa?1qutharrıqmısa?are you going to save? | olqutharlıqmıdı?1qutharrıqmıdı?is he going to save? | bizqutharlıqbızmı?1 qutharlıqmıbız?qutharrıqbızmı?are we going to save? | sizqutharlıqmısız?1qutharrıqmısız?are you all going to save? | alaqutharlıqmıdıla?1qutharrıqmıdıla?are they going to save? |
| Definite future (future II) | menqutharlıq tülmüme?1qutharrıq tülmüme?aren't I going to save? | senqutharlıq tülmüse?1qutharrıq tülmüse?aren't you going to save? | olqutharlıq tülmüdü?1qutharrıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to save? | bizqutharlıq tülmübüz?1qutharrıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to save? | sizqutharlıq tülmüsüz?1qutharrıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to save? | alaqutharlıq tülmüdüle?1qutharrıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to save? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Definite future (future II)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so qutharrıqdı
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menqutharğan edimqutharğanemI had saved | senqutharğan ediŋqutharğaneŋyou had saved | olqutharğan ediqutharğanedhe had saved | bizqutharğan edikqutharğanekwe had saved | sizqutharğan edigizqutharğanegizyou all had saved | alaqutharğan edilequtharğanellethey had saved |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menqutharmağan edimqutharmağanemI hadn't saved | senqutharmağan ediŋqutharmağaneŋyou hadn't saved | olqutharmağan ediqutharmağanedhe hadn't saved | bizqutharmağan edikqutharmağanekwe hadn't saved | sizqutharmağan edigizqutharmağanegizyou all hadn't saved | alaqutharmağan edilequtharmağanellethey hadn't saved |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menquthara edimqutharaemI was saving | senquthara ediŋqutharaeŋyou were saving | olquthara ediqutharaedhe was saving | bizquthara edikqutharaekwe were saving | sizquthara edigizqutharaegizyou all were saving | alaquthara edilequtharaellethey were saving |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menqutharmay edimqutharmayemI wasn't saving | senqutharmay ediŋqutharmayeŋyou weren't saving | olqutharmay ediqutharmayedhe wasn't saving | bizqutharmay edikqutharmayekwe weren't saving | sizqutharmay edigizqutharmayegizyou all weren't saving | alaqutharmay edilequtharmayellethey weren't saving |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menqutharıwçan edimqutharıwçanemI used to save | senqutharıwçan ediŋqutharıwçaneŋyou used to save | olqutharıwçan ediqutharıwçanedhe used to save | bizqutharıwçan edikqutharıwçanekwe used to save | sizqutharıwçan edigizqutharıwçanegizyou all used to save | alaqutharıwçan edilequtharıwçanellethey used to save |
| Habitual past (used to) | menqutharmawçan edimqutharmawçanemI didn't use to save | senqutharmawçan ediŋqutharmawçaneŋyou didn't use to save | olqutharmawçan ediqutharmawçanedhe didn't use to save | bizqutharmawçan edikqutharmawçanekwe didn't use to save | sizqutharmawçan edigizqutharmawçanegizyou all didn't use to save | alaqutharmawçan edilequtharmawçanellethey didn't use to save |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olqutharıb edihe had saved and remained so | alaqutharıb edilethey had saved and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olqutharıb tül edihe hadn't saved | alaqutharıb tül edilethey hadn't saved | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menqutharıb tura edimqutharıb turaemI had kept saving | senqutharıb tura ediŋqutharıb turaeŋyou had kept saving | olqutharıb tura ediqutharıb turaedhe had kept saving | bizqutharıb tura edikqutharıb turaekwe had kept saving | sizqutharıb tura edigizqutharıb turaegizyou all had kept saving | alaqutharıb tura edilequtharıb turaellethey had kept saving |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menqutharıb turmay edimqutharıb turmayemI hadn't kept saving | senqutharıb turmay ediŋqutharıb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept saving | olqutharıb turmay ediqutharıb turmayedhe hadn't kept saving | bizqutharıb turmay edikqutharıb turmayekwe hadn't kept saving | sizqutharıb turmay edigizqutharıb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept saving | alaqutharıb turmay edilequtharıb turmayellethey hadn't kept saving |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menquthara tura edimquthara turaemI was in the middle of saving | senquthara tura ediŋquthara turaeŋyou were in the middle of saving | olquthara tura ediquthara turaedhe was in the middle of saving | bizquthara tura edikquthara turaekwe were in the middle of saving | sizquthara tura edigizquthara turaegizyou all were in the middle of saving | alaquthara tura edilequthara turaellethey were in the middle of saving |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menquthara turmay edimquthara turmayemI wasn't in the middle of saving | senquthara turmay ediŋquthara turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of saving | olquthara turmay ediquthara turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of saving | bizquthara turmay edikquthara turmayekwe weren't in the middle of saving | sizquthara turmay edigizquthara turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of saving | alaquthara turmay edilequthara turmayellethey weren't in the middle of saving |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menqutharır edimqutharır emI would save | senqutharır ediŋqutharır eŋyou would save | olqutharır ediqutharır edhe would save | bizqutharır edikqutharır ekwe would save | sizqutharır edigizqutharır egizyou all would save | alaqutharır edilequtharır ellethey would save |
| Conditional result (would) | menqutharmaz edimqutharmaz emI wouldn't save | senqutharmaz ediŋqutharmaz eŋyou wouldn't save | olqutharmaz ediqutharmaz edhe wouldn't save | bizqutharmaz edikqutharmaz ekwe wouldn't save | sizqutharmaz edigizqutharmaz egizyou all wouldn't save | alaqutharmaz edilequtharmaz ellethey wouldn't save |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menqutharlıq edim2qutharlıq emqutharrıq edimI would have saved | senqutharlıq ediŋ2qutharlıq eŋqutharrıq ediŋyou would have saved | olqutharlıq edi2qutharlıq edqutharrıq edihe would have saved | bizqutharlıq edik2qutharlıq ekqutharrıq edikwe would have saved | sizqutharlıq edigiz2qutharlıq egizqutharrıq edigizyou all would have saved | alaqutharlıq edile2qutharlıq ellequtharrıq edilethey would have saved |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menqutharlıq tül edim2qutharlıq tül emqutharrıq tül edimI wouldn't have saved | senqutharlıq tül ediŋ2qutharlıq tül eŋqutharrıq tül ediŋyou wouldn't have saved | olqutharlıq tül edi2qutharlıq tül edqutharrıq tül edihe wouldn't have saved | bizqutharlıq tül edik2qutharlıq tül ekqutharrıq tül edikwe wouldn't have saved | sizqutharlıq tül edigiz2qutharlıq tül egizqutharrıq tül edigizyou all wouldn't have saved | alaqutharlıq tül edile2qutharlıq tül ellequtharrıq tül edilethey wouldn't have saved |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
- Past conditional result (would have)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so qutharrıq edi
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menqutharsamif I save | senqutharsaŋif you save | olqutharsaif he saves | bizqutharsaqif we save | sizqutharsağızif you all save | alaqutharsalaif they save |
| Conditional | menqutharmasamif I don't save | senqutharmasaŋif you don't save | olqutharmasaif he doesn't save | bizqutharmasaqif we don't save | sizqutharmasağızif you all don't save | alaqutharmasalaif they don't save |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menquthara esemif I am saving | senquthara eseŋif you are saving | olquthara eseif he is saving | bizquthara esekif we are saving | sizquthara esegizif you all are saving | alaquthara eseleif they are saving |
| Conditional, present real | menqutharmay esemif I am not saving | senqutharmay eseŋif you are not saving | olqutharmay eseif he is not saving | bizqutharmay esekif we are not saving | sizqutharmay esegizif you all are not saving | alaqutharmay eseleif they are not saving |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menqutharsam ediqutharsam edif only I saved | senqutharsaŋ ediqutharsaŋ edif only you saved | olqutharsa ediqutharsaedif only he saved | bizqutharsaq ediqutharsaq edif only we saved | sizqutharsağız ediqutharsağız edif only you all saved | alaqutharsala ediqutharsalaedif only they saved |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menqutharmasam ediqutharmasam edif only I didn't save | senqutharmasaŋ ediqutharmasaŋ edif only you didn't save | olqutharmasa ediqutharmasaedif only he didn't save | bizqutharmasaq ediqutharmasaq edif only we didn't save | sizqutharmasağız ediqutharmasağız edif only you all didn't save | alaqutharmasala ediqutharmasalaedif only they didn't save |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menqutharıb tursamif I carry on saving | senqutharıb tursaŋif you carry on saving | olqutharıb tursaif he carries on saving | bizqutharıb tursaqif we carry on saving | sizqutharıb tursağızif you all carry on saving | alaqutharıb tursalaif they carry on saving |
| Durative conditional | menqutharıb turmasamif I don't carry on saving | senqutharıb turmasaŋif you don't carry on saving | olqutharıb turmasaif he doesn't carry on saving | bizqutharıb turmasaqif we don't carry on saving | sizqutharıb turmasağızif you all don't carry on saving | alaqutharıb turmasalaif they don't carry on saving |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menqutharıb tura esemif I have kept saving | senqutharıb tura eseŋif you have kept saving | olqutharıb tura eseif he has kept saving | bizqutharıb tura esekif we have kept saving | sizqutharıb tura esegizif you all have kept saving | alaqutharıb tura eseleif they have kept saving |
| Durative conditional, present real | menqutharıb turmay esemif I haven't kept saving | senqutharıb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept saving | olqutharıb turmay eseif he hasn't kept saving | bizqutharıb turmay esekif we haven't kept saving | sizqutharıb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept saving | alaqutharıb turmay eseleif they haven't kept saving |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menquthara tursamif I keep saving | senquthara tursaŋif you keep saving | olquthara tursaif he keeps saving | bizquthara tursaqif we keep saving | sizquthara tursağızif you all keep saving | alaquthara tursalaif they keep saving |
| Progressive conditional | menqutharmay tursamif I keep on not saving | senqutharmay tursaŋif you keep on not saving | olqutharmay tursaif he keeps on not saving | bizqutharmay tursaqif we keep on not saving | sizqutharmay tursağızif you all keep on not saving | alaqutharmay tursalaif they keep on not saving |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menquthara tura esemif I am in the middle of saving | senquthara tura eseŋif you are in the middle of saving | olquthara tura eseif he is in the middle of saving | bizquthara tura esekif we are in the middle of saving | sizquthara tura esegizif you all are in the middle of saving | alaquthara tura eseleif they are in the middle of saving |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menqutharmay tura esemif I keep on not saving | senqutharmay tura eseŋif you keep on not saving | olqutharmay tura eseif he keeps on not saving | bizqutharmay tura esekif we keep on not saving | sizqutharmay tura esegizif you all keep on not saving | alaqutharmay tura eseleif they keep on not saving |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past3 | menquthardım esemif I saved | senquthardıŋ eseŋif you saved | olquthardı eseif he saved | bizquthardıq esekif we saved | sizquthardığız esegizif you all saved | alaquthardıla eseleif they saved |
| Conditional, definite past3 | menqutharmadım esemif I didn't save | senqutharmadıŋ eseŋif you didn't save | olqutharmadı eseif he didn't save | bizqutharmadıq esekif we didn't save | sizqutharmadığız esegizif you all didn't save | alaqutharmadıla eseleif they didn't save |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menqutharğan esemif I did save (indeed) | senqutharğan eseŋif you did save (indeed) | olqutharğan eseif he did save (indeed) | bizqutharğan esekif we did save (indeed) | sizqutharğan esegizif you all did save (indeed) | alaqutharğan eseleif they did save (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menqutharmağan esemif I didn't save (indeed) | senqutharmağan eseŋif you didn't save (indeed) | olqutharmağan eseif he didn't save (indeed) | bizqutharmağan esekif we didn't save (indeed) | sizqutharmağan esegizif you all didn't save (indeed) | alaqutharmağan eseleif they didn't save (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menqutharğan bolsamif I had saved | senqutharğan bolsaŋif you had saved | olqutharğan bolsaif he had saved | bizqutharğan bolsaqif we had saved | sizqutharğan bolsağızif you all had saved | alaqutharğan bolsalaif they had saved |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menqutharmağan bolsamif I hadn't saved | senqutharmağan bolsaŋif you hadn't saved | olqutharmağan bolsaif he hadn't saved | bizqutharmağan bolsaqif we hadn't saved | sizqutharmağan bolsağızif you all hadn't saved | alaqutharmağan bolsalaif they hadn't saved |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menqutharğan bolsam ediqutharğan bolsam edif only I had saved | senqutharğan bolsaŋ ediqutharğan bolsaŋ edif only you had saved | olqutharğan bolsa ediqutharğan bolsaedif only he had saved | bizqutharğan bolsaq ediqutharğan bolsaq edif only we had saved | sizqutharğan bolsağız ediqutharğan bolsağız edif only you all had saved | alaqutharğan bolsala ediqutharğan bolsalaedif only they had saved |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menqutharmağan bolsam ediqutharmağan bolsam edif only I hadn't saved | senqutharmağan bolsaŋ ediqutharmağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't saved | olqutharmağan bolsa ediqutharmağan bolsaedif only he hadn't saved | bizqutharmağan bolsaq ediqutharmağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't saved | sizqutharmağan bolsağız ediqutharmağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't saved | alaqutharmağan bolsala ediqutharmağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't saved |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menqutharır esemif I will save | senqutharır eseŋif you will save | olqutharır eseif he will save | bizqutharır esekif we will save | sizqutharır esegizif you all will save | alaqutharır eseleif they will save |
| Conditional, aorist | menqutharmaz esemif I won't save | senqutharmaz eseŋif you won't save | olqutharmaz eseif he won't save | bizqutharmaz esekif we won't save | sizqutharmaz esegizif you all won't save | alaqutharmaz eseleif they won't save |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menqutharlıq esem4qutharrıq esemif I am going to save | senqutharlıq eseŋ4qutharrıq eseŋif you are going to save | olqutharlıq ese4qutharrıq eseif he is going to save | bizqutharlıq esek4qutharrıq esekif we are going to save | sizqutharlıq esegiz4qutharrıq esegizif you all are going to save | alaqutharlıq esele4qutharrıq eseleif they are going to save |
| Conditional, future | menqutharlıq tül esem4qutharrıq tül esemif I am not going to save | senqutharlıq tül eseŋ4qutharrıq tül eseŋif you are not going to save | olqutharlıq tül ese4qutharrıq tül eseif he is not going to save | bizqutharlıq tül esek4qutharrıq tül esekif we are not going to save | sizqutharlıq tül esegiz4qutharrıq tül esegizif you all are not going to save | alaqutharlıq tül esele4qutharrıq tül eseleif they are not going to save |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menqutharlıq bolsam5qutharrıq bolsamif I were going to save | senqutharlıq bolsaŋ5qutharrıq bolsaŋif you were going to save | olqutharlıq bolsa5qutharrıq bolsaif he were going to save | bizqutharlıq bolsaq5qutharrıq bolsaqif we were going to save | sizqutharlıq bolsağız5qutharrıq bolsağızif you all were going to save | alaqutharlıq bolsala5qutharrıq bolsalaif they were going to save |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menqutharmazlıq bolsamif I were not going to save | senqutharmazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to save | olqutharmazlıq bolsaif he were not going to save | bizqutharmazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to save | sizqutharmazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to save | alaqutharmazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to save |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso quthardıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
- Conditional, futurespoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so qutharrıq ese
- Conditional, counterfactual futurespoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so qutharrıq bolsa
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menquthara bolurmaI must be saving | senquthara bolursayou must be saving | olquthara bolurhe must be saving | bizquthara bolurbuzwe must be saving | sizquthara bolursuzyou all must be saving | alaquthara bolurlathey must be saving |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menqutharmay bolurmaI must not be saving | senqutharmay bolursayou must not be saving | olqutharmay bolurhe must not be saving | bizqutharmay bolurbuzwe must not be saving | sizqutharmay bolursuzyou all must not be saving | alaqutharmay bolurlathey must not be saving |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menquthara tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of saving | senquthara tura bolursayou must be in the middle of saving | olquthara tura bolurhe must be in the middle of saving | bizquthara tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of saving | sizquthara tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of saving | alaquthara tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of saving |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menqutharmay tura bolurmaI must keep on not saving | senqutharmay tura bolursayou must keep on not saving | olqutharmay tura bolurhe must keep on not saving | bizqutharmay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not saving | sizqutharmay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not saving | alaqutharmay tura bolurlathey must keep on not saving |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menqutharğan bolurmaI must have saved | senqutharğan bolursayou must have saved | olqutharğan bolurhe must have saved | bizqutharğan bolurbuzwe must have saved | sizqutharğan bolursuzyou all must have saved | alaqutharğan bolurlathey must have saved |
| Inference (must have) | menqutharmağan bolurmaI must not have saved | senqutharmağan bolursayou must not have saved | olqutharmağan bolurhe must not have saved | bizqutharmağan bolurbuzwe must not have saved | sizqutharmağan bolursuzyou all must not have saved | alaqutharmağan bolurlathey must not have saved |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menqutharlıq bolurma6qutharrıq bolurmaI must be going to save | senqutharlıq bolursa6qutharrıq bolursayou must be going to save | olqutharlıq bolur6qutharrıq bolurhe must be going to save | bizqutharlıq bolurbuz6qutharrıq bolurbuzwe must be going to save | sizqutharlıq bolursuz6qutharrıq bolursuzyou all must be going to save | alaqutharlıq bolurla6qutharrıq bolurlathey must be going to save |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menqutharmazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to save | senqutharmazlıq bolursayou must not be going to save | olqutharmazlıq bolurhe must not be going to save | bizqutharmazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to save | sizqutharmazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to save | alaqutharmazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to save |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Inference, future (must be going to)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so qutharrıq bolur
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menqutharayımlet me save | senquthar!save! | olqutharsınlet him save | bizqutharayıqlet's save | sizqutharığız!save, you all! | alaqutharsınlalet them save |
| Commands & suggestions | menqutharmayımlet me not save | senqutharma!don't save! | olqutharmasınlet him not save | bizqutharmayıqlet's not save | sizqutharmağız!don't save, you all! | alaqutharmasınlalet them not save |
| Commands & suggestions | menqutharayımmı?shall I save? | olqutharsınmı?should he save? | bizqutharayıqmı?shall we save? | alaqutharsınlamı?should they save? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menqutharmayımmı?shall I not save? | olqutharmasınmı?should he not save? | bizqutharmayıqmı?shall we not save? | alaqutharmasınlamı?should they not save? | ||
| Requests | senqutharçı7qutharçınplease save | olqutharsınçıdo let him save | sizqutharçığızplease save (plural/polite) | alaqutharsınlaçıdo let them save | ||
| Requests | senqutharmaçı7qutharmaçınplease don't save | olqutharmasınçıdo let him not save | sizqutharmaçığızplease don't save (plural/polite) | alaqutharmasınlaçıdo let them not save | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senqutharğınqutharğımay you save | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senqutharmağınqutharmağımay you not save | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menqutharğay edim qutharğa edimwould that I saved | senqutharğay ediŋ qutharğa ediŋwould that you saved | olqutharğay edi qutharğa ediwould that he saved | bizqutharğay edik qutharğa edikwould that we saved | sizqutharğay edigiz qutharğa edigizwould that you all saved | alaqutharğay edile qutharğa edilewould that they saved |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menqutharmağay edim qutharmağa edimwould that I did not save | senqutharmağay ediŋ qutharmağa ediŋwould that you did not save | olqutharmağay edi qutharmağa ediwould that he did not save | bizqutharmağay edik qutharmağa edikwould that we did not save | sizqutharmağay edigiz qutharmağa edigizwould that you all did not save | alaqutharmağay edile qutharmağa edilewould that they did not save |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menqutharmağa qoyayımqutharma qoyayımlet me allow someone to save | senqutharmağa qoy!qutharma qoy!let someone save! | olqutharmağa qoysunqutharma qoysunlet him allow someone to save | bizqutharmağa qoyayıqqutharma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to save | sizqutharmağa qoyuğuz!qutharma qoyuğuz!let someone save, you all! | alaqutharmağa qoysunlaqutharma qoysunlalet them allow someone to save |
| Let someone… (commands) | menqutharmağa qoymayımqutharma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to save | senqutharmağa qoyma!qutharma qoyma!don't let someone save! | olqutharmağa qoymasınqutharma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to save | bizqutharmağa qoymayıqqutharma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to save | sizqutharmağa qoymağız!qutharma qoymağız!don't let someone save, you all! | alaqutharmağa qoymasınlaqutharma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to save |
| Let someone… (commands) | menqutharmağa qoyayımmı?qutharma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to save? | olqutharmağa qoysunmu?qutharma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to save? | bizqutharmağa qoyayıqmı?qutharma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to save? | alaqutharmağa qoysunlamı?qutharma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to save? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menqutharmağa qoymayımmı?qutharma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to save? | olqutharmağa qoymasınmı?qutharma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to save? | bizqutharmağa qoymayıqmı?qutharma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to save? | alaqutharmağa qoymasınlamı?qutharma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to save? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menqutharmağa qoyamaqutharma qoyamaI allow someone to save | senqutharmağa qoyasaqutharma qoyasayou allow someone to save | olqutharmağa qoyadıqutharma qoyadıhe allows someone to save | bizqutharmağa qoyabızqutharma qoyabızwe allow someone to save | sizqutharmağa qoyasızqutharma qoyasızyou all allow someone to save | alaqutharmağa qoyadılaqutharma qoyadılathey allow someone to save |
| Let someone… (present) | menqutharmağa qoymaymaqutharma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to save | senqutharmağa qoymaysaqutharma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to save | olqutharmağa qoymaydıqutharma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to save | bizqutharmağa qoymaybızqutharma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to save | sizqutharmağa qoymaysızqutharma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to save | alaqutharmağa qoymaydılaqutharma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to save |
| Let someone… (present) | menqutharmağa qoyamamı?qutharma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to save? | senqutharmağa qoyamısa?qutharma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to save? | olqutharmağa qoyamıdı?qutharma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to save? | bizqutharmağa qoyabızmı?qutharma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to save? | sizqutharmağa qoyamısız?qutharma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to save? | alaqutharmağa qoyamıdıla?qutharma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to save? |
| Let someone… (present) | menqutharmağa qoymaymamı?qutharma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to save? | senqutharmağa qoymaymısa?qutharma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to save? | olqutharmağa qoymaymıdı?qutharma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to save? | bizqutharmağa qoymaybızmı?qutharma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to save? | sizqutharmağa qoymaymısız?qutharma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to save? | alaqutharmağa qoymaymıdıla?qutharma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to save? |
| Let someone… (past) | menqutharmağa qoydumqutharma qoydumI allowed someone to save | senqutharmağa qoyduŋqutharma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to save | olqutharmağa qoyduqutharma qoyduhe allowed someone to save | bizqutharmağa qoyduqqutharma qoyduqwe allowed someone to save | sizqutharmağa qoyduğuzqutharma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to save | alaqutharmağa qoydulaqutharma qoydulathey allowed someone to save |
| Let someone… (past) | menqutharmağa qoymadımqutharma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to save | senqutharmağa qoymadıŋqutharma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to save | olqutharmağa qoymadıqutharma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to save | bizqutharmağa qoymadıqqutharma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to save | sizqutharmağa qoymadığızqutharma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to save | alaqutharmağa qoymadılaqutharma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to save |
| Let someone… (past) | menqutharmağa qoydummu?qutharma qoydummu?did I allow someone to save? | senqutharmağa qoyduŋmu?qutharma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to save? | olqutharmağa qoydumu?qutharma qoydumu?did he allow someone to save? | bizqutharmağa qoyduqmu?qutharma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to save? | sizqutharmağa qoyduğuzmu?qutharma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to save? | alaqutharmağa qoydulamı?qutharma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to save? |
| Let someone… (past) | menqutharmağa qoymadımmı?qutharma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to save? | senqutharmağa qoymadıŋmı?qutharma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to save? | olqutharmağa qoymadımı?qutharma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to save? | bizqutharmağa qoymadıqmı?qutharma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to save? | sizqutharmağa qoymadığızmı?qutharma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to save? | alaqutharmağa qoymadılamı?qutharma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to save? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
qutharalırğa be able to save · qutharalmazğa be unable to save
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menqutharalamaI can save | senqutharalasayou can save | olqutharaladıhe can save | bizqutharalabızwe can save | sizqutharalasızyou all can save | alaqutharaladılathey can save |
| Ability — present | menqutharalmaymaI can't save | senqutharalmaysayou can't save | olqutharalmaydıhe can't save | bizqutharalmaybızwe can't save | sizqutharalmaysızyou all can't save | alaqutharalmaydılathey can't save |
| Ability — present | menqutharalamamı? qutharalamıma?can I save? | senqutharalamısa?can you save? | olqutharalamıdı?can he save? | bizqutharalabızmı? qutharalamıbız?can we save? | sizqutharalamısız?can you all save? | alaqutharalamıdıla?can they save? |
| Ability — present | menqutharalmaymamı? qutharalmaymıma?can't I save? | senqutharalmaymısa?can't you save? | olqutharalmaymıdı?can't he save? | bizqutharalmaybızmı? qutharalmaymıbız?can't we save? | sizqutharalmaymısız?can't you all save? | alaqutharalmaymıdıla?can't they save? |
| Ability — if I can… | menqutharalsamif I can save | senqutharalsaŋif you can save | olqutharalsaif he can save | bizqutharalsaqif we can save | sizqutharalsağızif you all can save | alaqutharalsalaif they can save |
| Ability — if I can… | menqutharalmasamif I can't save | senqutharalmasaŋif you can't save | olqutharalmasaif he can't save | bizqutharalmasaqif we can't save | sizqutharalmasağızif you all can't save | alaqutharalmasalaif they can't save |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menqutharaldımI was able to save | senqutharaldıŋyou were able to save | olqutharaldıhe was able to save | bizqutharaldıqwe were able to save | sizqutharaldığızyou all were able to save | alaqutharaldılathey were able to save |
| Ability — simple past | menqutharalmadımI could not save | senqutharalmadıŋyou could not save | olqutharalmadıhe could not save | bizqutharalmadıqwe could not save | sizqutharalmadığızyou all could not save | alaqutharalmadılathey could not save |
| Ability — simple past | menqutharaldımmı?was I able to save? | senqutharaldıŋmı?were you able to save? | olqutharaldımı?was he able to save? | bizqutharaldıqmı?were we able to save? | sizqutharaldığızmı?were you all able to save? | alaqutharaldılamı?were they able to save? |
| Ability — simple past | menqutharalmadımmı?couldn't I save? | senqutharalmadıŋmı?couldn't you save? | olqutharalmadımı?couldn't he save? | bizqutharalmadıqmı?couldn't we save? | sizqutharalmadığızmı?couldn't you all save? | alaqutharalmadılamı?couldn't they save? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menqutharalğanmaI have been able to save | senqutharalğansayou have been able to save | olqutharalğandıhe has been able to save | bizqutharalğanbızwe have been able to save | sizqutharalğansızyou all have been able to save | alaqutharalğandılathey have been able to save |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menqutharalmağanmaI haven't been able to save | senqutharalmağansayou haven't been able to save | olqutharalmağandıhe hasn't been able to save | bizqutharalmağanbızwe haven't been able to save | sizqutharalmağansızyou all haven't been able to save | alaqutharalmağandılathey haven't been able to save |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menqutharalğanmamı? qutharalğanmıma?have I been able to save? | senqutharalğanmısa?have you been able to save? | olqutharalğanmıdı?has he been able to save? | bizqutharalğanbızmı? qutharalğanmıbız?have we been able to save? | sizqutharalğanmısız?have you all been able to save? | alaqutharalğanmıdıla?have they been able to save? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menqutharalmağanmamı? qutharalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to save? | senqutharalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to save? | olqutharalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to save? | bizqutharalmağanbızmı? qutharalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to save? | sizqutharalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to save? | alaqutharalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to save? |
| Ability — past perfect | menqutharalğan edimqutharalğanemI had been able to save | senqutharalğan ediŋqutharalğaneŋyou had been able to save | olqutharalğan ediqutharalğanedhe had been able to save | bizqutharalğan edikqutharalğanekwe had been able to save | sizqutharalğan edigizqutharalğanegizyou all had been able to save | alaqutharalğan edilequtharalğanellethey had been able to save |
| Ability — past perfect | menqutharalmağan edimqutharalmağanemI hadn't been able to save | senqutharalmağan ediŋqutharalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to save | olqutharalmağan ediqutharalmağanedhe hadn't been able to save | bizqutharalmağan edikqutharalmağanekwe hadn't been able to save | sizqutharalmağan edigizqutharalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to save | alaqutharalmağan edilequtharalmağanellethey hadn't been able to save |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menqutharala edimqutharalaemI could save | senqutharala ediŋqutharalaeŋyou could save | olqutharala ediqutharalaedhe could save | bizqutharala edikqutharalaekwe could save | sizqutharala edigizqutharalaegizyou all could save | alaqutharala edilequtharalaellethey could save |
| Ability — past background | menqutharalmay edimqutharalmayemI could not save | senqutharalmay ediŋqutharalmayeŋyou could not save | olqutharalmay ediqutharalmayedhe could not save | bizqutharalmay edikqutharalmayekwe could not save | sizqutharalmay edigizqutharalmayegizyou all could not save | alaqutharalmay edilequtharalmayellethey could not save |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menqutharalırmaI will be able to save | senqutharalırsayou will be able to save | olqutharalırhe will be able to save | bizqutharalırbızwe will be able to save | sizqutharalırsızyou all will be able to save | alaqutharalırlathey will be able to save |
| Ability — future I | menqutharalmazmaI won't be able to save | senqutharalmazsayou won't be able to save | olqutharalmazhe won't be able to save | bizqutharalmazbızwe won't be able to save | sizqutharalmazsızyou all won't be able to save | alaqutharalmazlathey won't be able to save |
| Ability — future I | menqutharalırmamı? qutharalırmıma?will I be able to save? | senqutharalırmısa?will you be able to save? | olqutharalırmı?will he be able to save? | bizqutharalırbızmı? qutharalırmıbız?will we be able to save? | sizqutharalırmısız?will you all be able to save? | alaqutharalırlamı? qutharalırmıla?will they be able to save? |
| Ability — future I | menqutharalmazmamı? qutharalmazmıma?won't I be able to save? | senqutharalmazmısa?won't you be able to save? | olqutharalmazmı?won't he be able to save? | bizqutharalmazbızmı? qutharalmazmıbız?won't we be able to save? | sizqutharalmazmısız?won't you all be able to save? | alaqutharalmazlamı? qutharalmazmıla?won't they be able to save? |
| Ability — future II | menqutharallıqmaI am going to be able to save | senqutharallıqsayou are going to be able to save | olqutharallıqdıhe is going to be able to save | bizqutharallıqbızwe are going to be able to save | sizqutharallıqsızyou all are going to be able to save | alaqutharallıqdılathey are going to be able to save |
| Ability — future II | menqutharallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to save | senqutharallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to save | olqutharallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to save | bizqutharallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to save | sizqutharallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to save | alaqutharallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to save |
| Ability — future II | menqutharallıqmamı? qutharallıqmıma?am I going to be able to save? | senqutharallıqmısa?are you going to be able to save? | olqutharallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to save? | bizqutharallıqbızmı? qutharallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to save? | sizqutharallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to save? | alaqutharallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to save? |
| Ability — future II | menqutharallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to save? | senqutharallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to save? | olqutharallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to save? | bizqutharallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to save? | sizqutharallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to save? | alaqutharallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to save? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menqutharalır edimqutharalır emI would be able to save | senqutharalır ediŋqutharalır eŋyou would be able to save | olqutharalır ediqutharalır edhe would be able to save | bizqutharalır edikqutharalır ekwe would be able to save | sizqutharalır edigizqutharalır egizyou all would be able to save | alaqutharalır edilequtharalır ellethey would be able to save |
| Ability — would be able to… | menqutharalmaz edimqutharalmaz emI wouldn't be able to save | senqutharalmaz ediŋqutharalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to save | olqutharalmaz ediqutharalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to save | bizqutharalmaz edikqutharalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to save | sizqutharalmaz edigizqutharalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to save | alaqutharalmaz edilequtharalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to save |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senqutharalğınqutharalğımay you be able to save | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senqutharalmağınqutharalmağımay you not be able to save | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menqutharırğa izleymeI want to save | senqutharırğa izleyseyou want to save | olqutharırğa izleydihe wants to save | bizqutharırğa izleybizwe want to save | sizqutharırğa izleysizyou all want to save | alaqutharırğa izleydilethey want to save |
| want to | menqutharırğa izlemeymeI do not want to save | senqutharırğa izlemeyseyou do not want to save | olqutharırğa izlemeydihe does not want to save | bizqutharırğa izlemeybizwe do not want to save | sizqutharırğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to save | alaqutharırğa izlemeydilethey do not want to save |
| would like to | menqutharırğa süemeI would like to save | senqutharırğa süeseyou would like to save | olqutharırğa süedihe would like to save | bizqutharırğa süebizwe would like to save | sizqutharırğa süesizyou all would like to save | alaqutharırğa süedilethey would like to save |
| would like to | menqutharırğa süymeymeI would not like to save | senqutharırğa süymeyseyou would not like to save | olqutharırğa süymeydihe would not like to save | bizqutharırğa süymeybizwe would not like to save | sizqutharırğa süymeysizyou all would not like to save | alaqutharırğa süymeydilethey would not like to save |
| hope to | menqutharırğa umutlanamaI hope to save | senqutharırğa umutlanasayou hope to save | olqutharırğa umutlanadıhe hopes to save | bizqutharırğa umutlanabızwe hope to save | sizqutharırğa umutlanasızyou all hope to save | alaqutharırğa umutlanadılathey hope to save |
| hope to | menqutharırğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to save | senqutharırğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to save | olqutharırğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to save | bizqutharırğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to save | sizqutharırğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to save | alaqutharırğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to save |
| be about to | menqutharırğa deb turamaI am about to save | senqutharırğa deb turasayou are about to save | olqutharırğa deb turadıhe is about to save | bizqutharırğa deb turabızwe are about to save | sizqutharırğa deb turasızyou all are about to save | alaqutharırğa deb turadılathey are about to save |
| be about to | menqutharırğa deb turmaymaI am not about to save | senqutharırğa deb turmaysayou are not about to save | olqutharırğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to save | bizqutharırğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to save | sizqutharırğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to save | alaqutharırğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to save |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menqutharırğa kerekmeI need to save | senqutharırğa kerekseyou need to save | olqutharırğa kerekdihe needs to save | bizqutharırğa kerekbizwe need to save | sizqutharırğa kereksizyou all need to save | alaqutharırğa kerekdilethey need to save |
| need to | menqutharırğa kerek tülmeI do not need to save | senqutharırğa kerek tülseyou do not need to save | olqutharırğa kerek tüldühe does not need to save | bizqutharırğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to save | sizqutharırğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to save | alaqutharırğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to save |
| have to | menmenŋe qutharırğa tüşediI have to save | sensenŋe qutharırğa tüşediyou have to save | olaŋa qutharırğa tüşedihe has to save | bizbizge qutharırğa tüşediwe have to save | sizsizge qutharırğa tüşediyou all have to save | alaalağa qutharırğa tüşedithey have to save |
| have to | menmenŋe qutharırğa tüşmeydiI do not have to save | sensenŋe qutharırğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to save | olaŋa qutharırğa tüşmeydihe does not have to save | bizbizge qutharırğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to save | sizsizge qutharırğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to save | alaalağa qutharırğa tüşmeydithey do not have to save |
| be obliged to | menqutharırğa borçlumaI am obliged to save | senqutharırğa borçlusayou are obliged to save | olqutharırğa borçluduhe is obliged to save | bizqutharırğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to save | sizqutharırğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to save | alaqutharırğa borçludulathey are obliged to save |
| be obliged to | menqutharırğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to save | senqutharırğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to save | olqutharırğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to save | bizqutharırğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to save | sizqutharırğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to save | alaqutharırğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to save |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menqutharırğa madarım bardıI have a way to save | senqutharırğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to save | olqutharırğa madarı bardıhe has a way to save | bizqutharırğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to save | sizqutharırğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to save | alaqutharırğa madarları bardıthey have a way to save |
| have a way to | menqutharırğa madarım joqduI have no way to save | senqutharırğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to save | olqutharırğa madarı joqduhe has no way to save | bizqutharırğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to save | sizqutharırğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to save | alaqutharırğa madarları joqduthey have no way to save |
| be free to | menqutharırğa erkinligim bardıI am free to save | senqutharırğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to save | olqutharırğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to save | bizqutharırğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to save | sizqutharırğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to save | alaqutharırğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to save |
| be free to | menqutharırğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to save | senqutharırğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to save | olqutharırğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to save | bizqutharırğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to save | sizqutharırğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to save | alaqutharırğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to save |
| be possible to | menmenŋe qutharırğa bolluqduit is possible for me to save | sensenŋe qutharırğa bolluqduit is possible for you to save | olaŋa qutharırğa bolluqduit is possible for him to save | bizbizge qutharırğa bolluqduit is possible for us to save | sizsizge qutharırğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to save | alaalağa qutharırğa bolluqduit is possible for them to save |
| be possible to | menmenŋe qutharırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to save | sensenŋe qutharırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to save | olaŋa qutharırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to save | bizbizge qutharırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to save | sizsizge qutharırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to save | alaalağa qutharırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to save |
| be ready to | menqutharırğa hazırmaI am ready to save | senqutharırğa hazırsayou are ready to save | olqutharırğa hazırdıhe is ready to save | bizqutharırğa hazırbızwe are ready to save | sizqutharırğa hazırsızyou all are ready to save | alaqutharırğa hazırdılathey are ready to save |
| be ready to | menqutharırğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to save | senqutharırğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to save | olqutharırğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to save | bizqutharırğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to save | sizqutharırğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to save | alaqutharırğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to save |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menqutharırğa küreşemeI am trying to save | senqutharırğa küreşeseyou are trying to save | olqutharırğa küreşedihe is trying to save | bizqutharırğa küreşebizwe are trying to save | sizqutharırğa küreşesizyou all are trying to save | alaqutharırğa küreşedilethey are trying to save |
| try to | menqutharırğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to save | senqutharırğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to save | olqutharırğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to save | bizqutharırğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to save | sizqutharırğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to save | alaqutharırğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to save |
| agree to | menqutharırğa unaymaI agree to save | senqutharırğa unaysayou agree to save | olqutharırğa unaydıhe agrees to save | bizqutharırğa unaybızwe agree to save | sizqutharırğa unaysızyou all agree to save | alaqutharırğa unaydılathey agree to save |
| agree to | menqutharırğa unamaymaI refuse to save | senqutharırğa unamaysayou refuse to save | olqutharırğa unamaydıhe refuses to save | bizqutharırğa unamaybızwe refuse to save | sizqutharırğa unamaysızyou all refuse to save | alaqutharırğa unamaydılathey refuse to save |
| hurry to | menqutharırğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to save | senqutharırğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to save | olqutharırğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to save | bizqutharırğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to save | sizqutharırğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to save | alaqutharırğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to save |
| hurry to | menqutharırğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to save | senqutharırğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to save | olqutharırğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to save | bizqutharırğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to save | sizqutharırğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to save | alaqutharırğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to save |
| be afraid to | menqutharırğa qorqamaI am afraid to save | senqutharırğa qorqasayou are afraid to save | olqutharırğa qorqadıhe is afraid to save | bizqutharırğa qorqabızwe are afraid to save | sizqutharırğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to save | alaqutharırğa qorqadılathey are afraid to save |
| be afraid to | menqutharırğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to save | senqutharırğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to save | olqutharırğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to save | bizqutharırğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to save | sizqutharırğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to save | alaqutharırğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to save |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menquthara bolmazmaI can't be saving | senquthara bolmazsayou can't be saving | olquthara bolmazhe can't be saving | bizquthara bolmazbızwe can't be saving | sizquthara bolmazsızyou all can't be saving | alaquthara bolmazlathey can't be saving |
| Inference, present — double negation | menqutharmay bolmazmaI must be saving (emphatic) | senqutharmay bolmazsayou must be saving (emphatic) | olqutharmay bolmazhe must be saving (emphatic) | bizqutharmay bolmazbızwe must be saving (emphatic) | sizqutharmay bolmazsızyou all must be saving (emphatic) | alaqutharmay bolmazlathey must be saving (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menquthara turmasamif I don't keep saving | senquthara turmasaŋif you don't keep saving | olquthara turmasaif he doesn't keep saving | bizquthara turmasaqif we don't keep saving | sizquthara turmasağızif you all don't keep saving | alaquthara turmasalaif they don't keep saving |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menquthara tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of saving | senquthara tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of saving | olquthara tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of saving | bizquthara tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of saving | sizquthara tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of saving | alaquthara tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of saving |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menqutharmay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not saving (emphatic) | senqutharmay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not saving (emphatic) | olqutharmay tura bolmazhe must keep on not saving (emphatic) | bizqutharmay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not saving (emphatic) | sizqutharmay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not saving (emphatic) | alaqutharmay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not saving (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menqutharmay turamaI keep on not saving | senqutharmay turasayou keep on not saving | olqutharmay turadıhe keeps on not saving | bizqutharmay turabızwe keep on not saving | sizqutharmay turasızyou all keep on not saving | alaqutharmay turadılathey keep on not saving |
| Progressive — double negation | menqutharmay turmaymaI am not keeping on not saving | senqutharmay turmaysayou are not keeping on not saving | olqutharmay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not saving | bizqutharmay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not saving | sizqutharmay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not saving | alaqutharmay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not saving |
| Progressive — double negation | menqutharmay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not saving? | senqutharmay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not saving? | olqutharmay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not saving? | bizqutharmay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not saving? | sizqutharmay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not saving? | alaqutharmay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not saving? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menqutharğan bolmazmaI can't have saved | senqutharğan bolmazsayou can't have saved | olqutharğan bolmazhe can't have saved | bizqutharğan bolmazbızwe can't have saved | sizqutharğan bolmazsızyou all can't have saved | alaqutharğan bolmazlathey can't have saved |
| Inference — double negation | menqutharmağan bolmazmaI must have saved (emphatic) | senqutharmağan bolmazsayou must have saved (emphatic) | olqutharmağan bolmazhe must have saved (emphatic) | bizqutharmağan bolmazbızwe must have saved (emphatic) | sizqutharmağan bolmazsızyou all must have saved (emphatic) | alaqutharmağan bolmazlathey must have saved (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menqutharğan bolmasamif it weren't that I had saved | senqutharğan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had saved | olqutharğan bolmasaif it weren't that he had saved | bizqutharğan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had saved | sizqutharğan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had saved | alaqutharğan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had saved |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menqutharmağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't saved | senqutharmağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't saved | olqutharmağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't saved | bizqutharmağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't saved | sizqutharmağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't saved | alaqutharmağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't saved |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menqutharlıq bolmazmaI can't be going to save | senqutharlıq bolmazsayou can't be going to save | olqutharlıq bolmazhe can't be going to save | bizqutharlıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to save | sizqutharlıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to save | alaqutharlıq bolmazlathey can't be going to save |
| Inference, future — double negation | menqutharmazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to save (emphatic) | senqutharmazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to save (emphatic) | olqutharmazlıq bolmazhe must be going to save (emphatic) | bizqutharmazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to save (emphatic) | sizqutharmazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to save (emphatic) | alaqutharmazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to save (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menqutharlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to save | senqutharlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to save | olqutharlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to save | bizqutharlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to save | sizqutharlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to save | alaqutharlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to save |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menqutharmazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to save | senqutharmazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to save | olqutharmazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to save | bizqutharmazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to save | sizqutharmazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to save | alaqutharmazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to save |