qampayırğa
/qampajɯrʁa/
1. topple over, overturn, fall down
- çoyun qampayıb turadı — the pot is lying overturned
- ayağım tayıb qampaydım — I slipped and fell
- abınıb jerge qampaydım — I tripped and fell to the ground
- maşina qampaydı — the car overturned
- arba qampaydı — the cart tipped over
2. die, be killed
- awruğan qampayırıqdı — the sick man will die
- awruğan kart qampayırğa jarawlu körünedi — the sick old man looks about to die
- ol qampayıb qaldı — he dropped dead
- eki künden qampaydı — he died two days later
- duşman qampaydı — the enemy was killed
3. land in difficulty, be left stuck
- çırağıbız juqlanıb qampayıb qalğanbız — our light went out and we were left in the dark
- işibiz qampaydı — our business came to a standstill
- qampayıb qaldıq — we ended up stuck
Conjugation
Common forms
- qampayadıhe is toppling over
- qampaydıhe toppled over
- qampayğandıhe has toppled over
- qampayırhe will topple over
- qampayırıqdıhe is going to topple over
- qampaya edihe was toppling over
- qampaysaif he topples over
- qampay!topple over!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menqampayamaI am toppling over | senqampayasayou are toppling over | olqampayadıhe is toppling over | bizqampayabızwe are toppling over | sizqampayasızyou all are toppling over | alaqampayadılathey are toppling over |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menqampaymaymaI am not toppling over | senqampaymaysayou are not toppling over | olqampaymaydıhe is not toppling over | bizqampaymaybızwe are not toppling over | sizqampaymaysızyou all are not toppling over | alaqampaymaydılathey are not toppling over |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menqampayamamı? qampayamıma?am I toppling over? | senqampayamısa?are you toppling over? | olqampayamıdı?is he toppling over? | bizqampayabızmı? qampayamıbız?are we toppling over? | sizqampayamısız?are you all toppling over? | alaqampayamıdıla?are they toppling over? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menqampaymaymamı? qampaymaymıma?aren't I toppling over? | senqampaymaymısa?aren't you toppling over? | olqampaymaymıdı?isn't he toppling over? | bizqampaymaybızmı? qampaymaymıbız?aren't we toppling over? | sizqampaymaymısız?aren't you all toppling over? | alaqampaymaymıdıla?aren't they toppling over? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menqampayıwçanmaI usually topple over | senqampayıwçansayou usually topple over | olqampayıwçandıhe usually topples over | bizqampayıwçanbızwe usually topple over | sizqampayıwçansızyou all usually topple over | alaqampayıwçandılathey usually topple over |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menqampaymawçanmaI usually don't topple over | senqampaymawçansayou usually don't topple over | olqampaymawçandıhe usually doesn't topple over | bizqampaymawçanbızwe usually don't topple over | sizqampaymawçansızyou all usually don't topple over | alaqampaymawçandılathey usually don't topple over |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menqampayıwçanmamı? qampayıwçanmıma?do I usually topple over? | senqampayıwçanmısa?do you usually topple over? | olqampayıwçanmıdı?does he usually topple over? | bizqampayıwçanbızmı? qampayıwçanmıbız?do we usually topple over? | sizqampayıwçanmısız?do you all usually topple over? | alaqampayıwçanmıdıla?do they usually topple over? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menqampaymawçanmamı? qampaymawçanmıma?do I usually not topple over? | senqampaymawçanmısa?do you usually not topple over? | olqampaymawçanmıdı?does he usually not topple over? | bizqampaymawçanbızmı? qampaymawçanmıbız?do we usually not topple over? | sizqampaymawçanmısız?do you all usually not topple over? | alaqampaymawçanmıdıla?do they usually not topple over? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olqampayıbdıhe has toppled over and remains so | alaqampayıbdılathey have toppled over and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olqampayıbmıdı?has he toppled over? | alaqampayıbmıdıla?have they toppled over? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menqampayıb turamaI keep toppling over | senqampayıb turasayou keep toppling over | olqampayıb turadıhe keeps toppling over | bizqampayıb turabızwe keep toppling over | sizqampayıb turasızyou all keep toppling over | alaqampayıb turadılathey keep toppling over |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menqampayıb turmaymaI don't keep toppling over | senqampayıb turmaysayou don't keep toppling over | olqampayıb turmaydıhe doesn't keep toppling over | bizqampayıb turmaybızwe don't keep toppling over | sizqampayıb turmaysızyou all don't keep toppling over | alaqampayıb turmaydılathey don't keep toppling over |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menqampayıb turamamı? qampayıb turamıma?do I keep toppling over? | senqampayıb turamısa?do you keep toppling over? | olqampayıb turamıdı?does he keep toppling over? | bizqampayıb turabızmı? qampayıb turamıbız?do we keep toppling over? | sizqampayıb turamısız?do you all keep toppling over? | alaqampayıb turamıdıla?do they keep toppling over? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menqampayıb turmaymamı? qampayıb turmaymıma?don't I keep toppling over? | senqampayıb turmaymısa?don't you keep toppling over? | olqampayıb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep toppling over? | bizqampayıb turmaybızmı? qampayıb turmaymıbız?don't we keep toppling over? | sizqampayıb turmaymısız?don't you all keep toppling over? | alaqampayıb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep toppling over? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menqampaya turamaI am in the middle of toppling over | senqampaya turasayou are in the middle of toppling over | olqampaya turadıhe is in the middle of toppling over | bizqampaya turabızwe are in the middle of toppling over | sizqampaya turasızyou all are in the middle of toppling over | alaqampaya turadılathey are in the middle of toppling over |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menqampaya turmaymaI am not in the middle of toppling over | senqampaya turmaysayou are not in the middle of toppling over | olqampaya turmaydıhe is not in the middle of toppling over | bizqampaya turmaybızwe are not in the middle of toppling over | sizqampaya turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of toppling over | alaqampaya turmaydılathey are not in the middle of toppling over |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menqampaya turamamı? qampaya turamıma?am I in the middle of toppling over? | senqampaya turamısa?are you in the middle of toppling over? | olqampaya turamıdı?is he in the middle of toppling over? | bizqampaya turabızmı? qampaya turamıbız?are we in the middle of toppling over? | sizqampaya turamısız?are you all in the middle of toppling over? | alaqampaya turamıdıla?are they in the middle of toppling over? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menqampaya turmaymamı? qampaya turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of toppling over? | senqampaya turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of toppling over? | olqampaya turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of toppling over? | bizqampaya turmaybızmı? qampaya turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of toppling over? | sizqampaya turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of toppling over? | alaqampaya turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of toppling over? |
| Simple past (definite) | menqampaydımI toppled over | senqampaydıŋyou toppled over | olqampaydıhe toppled over | bizqampaydıqwe toppled over | sizqampaydığızyou all toppled over | alaqampaydılathey toppled over |
| Simple past (definite) | menqampaymadımI didn't topple over | senqampaymadıŋyou didn't topple over | olqampaymadıhe didn't topple over | bizqampaymadıqwe didn't topple over | sizqampaymadığızyou all didn't topple over | alaqampaymadılathey didn't topple over |
| Simple past (definite) | menqampaydımmı?did I topple over? | senqampaydıŋmı?did you topple over? | olqampaydımı?did he topple over? | bizqampaydıqmı?did we topple over? | sizqampaydığızmı?did you all topple over? | alaqampaydılamı?did they topple over? |
| Simple past (definite) | menqampaymadımmı?didn't I topple over? | senqampaymadıŋmı?didn't you topple over? | olqampaymadımı?didn't he topple over? | bizqampaymadıqmı?didn't we topple over? | sizqampaymadığızmı?didn't you all topple over? | alaqampaymadılamı?didn't they topple over? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menqampayğanmaI have toppled over | senqampayğansayou have toppled over | olqampayğandıhe has toppled over | bizqampayğanbızwe have toppled over | sizqampayğansızyou all have toppled over | alaqampayğandılathey have toppled over |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menqampaymağanmaI haven't toppled over | senqampaymağansayou haven't toppled over | olqampaymağandıhe hasn't toppled over | bizqampaymağanbızwe haven't toppled over | sizqampaymağansızyou all haven't toppled over | alaqampaymağandılathey haven't toppled over |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menqampayğanmamı? qampayğanmıma?have I toppled over? | senqampayğanmısa?have you toppled over? | olqampayğanmıdı?has he toppled over? | bizqampayğanbızmı? qampayğanmıbız?have we toppled over? | sizqampayğanmısız?have you all toppled over? | alaqampayğanmıdıla?have they toppled over? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menqampaymağanmamı? qampaymağanmıma?haven't I toppled over? | senqampaymağanmısa?haven't you toppled over? | olqampaymağanmıdı?hasn't he toppled over? | bizqampaymağanbızmı? qampaymağanmıbız?haven't we toppled over? | sizqampaymağanmısız?haven't you all toppled over? | alaqampaymağanmıdıla?haven't they toppled over? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menqampayıb turdumI kept toppling over | senqampayıb turduŋyou kept toppling over | olqampayıb turduhe kept toppling over | bizqampayıb turduqwe kept toppling over | sizqampayıb turduğuzyou all kept toppling over | alaqampayıb turdulathey kept toppling over |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menqampayıb turmadımI didn't keep toppling over | senqampayıb turmadıŋyou didn't keep toppling over | olqampayıb turmadıhe didn't keep toppling over | bizqampayıb turmadıqwe didn't keep toppling over | sizqampayıb turmadığızyou all didn't keep toppling over | alaqampayıb turmadılathey didn't keep toppling over |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menqampayırmaI will topple over | senqampayırsayou will topple over | olqampayırhe will topple over | bizqampayırbızwe will topple over | sizqampayırsızyou all will topple over | alaqampayırlathey will topple over |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menqampaymazmaI won't topple over | senqampaymazsayou won't topple over | olqampaymazhe won't topple over | bizqampaymazbızwe won't topple over | sizqampaymazsızyou all won't topple over | alaqampaymazlathey won't topple over |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menqampayırmamı? qampayırmıma?will I topple over? | senqampayırmısa?will you topple over? | olqampayırmı?will he topple over? | bizqampayırbızmı? qampayırmıbız?will we topple over? | sizqampayırmısız?will you all topple over? | alaqampayırlamı? qampayırmıla?will they topple over? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menqampaymazmamı? qampaymazmıma?won't I topple over? | senqampaymazmısa?won't you topple over? | olqampaymazmı?won't he topple over? | bizqampaymazbızmı? qampaymazmıbız?won't we topple over? | sizqampaymazmısız?won't you all topple over? | alaqampaymazlamı? qampaymazmıla?won't they topple over? |
| Definite future (future II) | menqampayırıqmaI am going to topple over | senqampayırıqsayou are going to topple over | olqampayırıqdıhe is going to topple over | bizqampayırıqbızwe are going to topple over | sizqampayırıqsızyou all are going to topple over | alaqampayırıqdılathey are going to topple over |
| Definite future (future II) | menqampayırıq tülmeI am not going to topple over | senqampayırıq tülseyou are not going to topple over | olqampayırıq tüldühe is not going to topple over | bizqampayırıq tülbüzwe are not going to topple over | sizqampayırıq tülsüzyou all are not going to topple over | alaqampayırıq tüldülethey are not going to topple over |
| Definite future (future II) | menqampayırıqmamı? qampayırıqmıma?am I going to topple over? | senqampayırıqmısa?are you going to topple over? | olqampayırıqmıdı?is he going to topple over? | bizqampayırıqbızmı? qampayırıqmıbız?are we going to topple over? | sizqampayırıqmısız?are you all going to topple over? | alaqampayırıqmıdıla?are they going to topple over? |
| Definite future (future II) | menqampayırıq tülmüme?aren't I going to topple over? | senqampayırıq tülmüse?aren't you going to topple over? | olqampayırıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to topple over? | bizqampayırıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to topple over? | sizqampayırıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to topple over? | alaqampayırıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to topple over? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menqampayğan edimqampayğanemI had toppled over | senqampayğan ediŋqampayğaneŋyou had toppled over | olqampayğan ediqampayğanedhe had toppled over | bizqampayğan edikqampayğanekwe had toppled over | sizqampayğan edigizqampayğanegizyou all had toppled over | alaqampayğan edileqampayğanellethey had toppled over |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menqampaymağan edimqampaymağanemI hadn't toppled over | senqampaymağan ediŋqampaymağaneŋyou hadn't toppled over | olqampaymağan ediqampaymağanedhe hadn't toppled over | bizqampaymağan edikqampaymağanekwe hadn't toppled over | sizqampaymağan edigizqampaymağanegizyou all hadn't toppled over | alaqampaymağan edileqampaymağanellethey hadn't toppled over |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menqampaya edimqampayaemI was toppling over | senqampaya ediŋqampayaeŋyou were toppling over | olqampaya ediqampayaedhe was toppling over | bizqampaya edikqampayaekwe were toppling over | sizqampaya edigizqampayaegizyou all were toppling over | alaqampaya edileqampayaellethey were toppling over |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menqampaymay edimqampaymayemI wasn't toppling over | senqampaymay ediŋqampaymayeŋyou weren't toppling over | olqampaymay ediqampaymayedhe wasn't toppling over | bizqampaymay edikqampaymayekwe weren't toppling over | sizqampaymay edigizqampaymayegizyou all weren't toppling over | alaqampaymay edileqampaymayellethey weren't toppling over |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menqampayıwçan edimqampayıwçanemI used to topple over | senqampayıwçan ediŋqampayıwçaneŋyou used to topple over | olqampayıwçan ediqampayıwçanedhe used to topple over | bizqampayıwçan edikqampayıwçanekwe used to topple over | sizqampayıwçan edigizqampayıwçanegizyou all used to topple over | alaqampayıwçan edileqampayıwçanellethey used to topple over |
| Habitual past (used to) | menqampaymawçan edimqampaymawçanemI didn't use to topple over | senqampaymawçan ediŋqampaymawçaneŋyou didn't use to topple over | olqampaymawçan ediqampaymawçanedhe didn't use to topple over | bizqampaymawçan edikqampaymawçanekwe didn't use to topple over | sizqampaymawçan edigizqampaymawçanegizyou all didn't use to topple over | alaqampaymawçan edileqampaymawçanellethey didn't use to topple over |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olqampayıb edihe had toppled over and remained so | alaqampayıb edilethey had toppled over and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olqampayıb tül edihe hadn't toppled over | alaqampayıb tül edilethey hadn't toppled over | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menqampayıb tura edimqampayıb turaemI had kept toppling over | senqampayıb tura ediŋqampayıb turaeŋyou had kept toppling over | olqampayıb tura ediqampayıb turaedhe had kept toppling over | bizqampayıb tura edikqampayıb turaekwe had kept toppling over | sizqampayıb tura edigizqampayıb turaegizyou all had kept toppling over | alaqampayıb tura edileqampayıb turaellethey had kept toppling over |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menqampayıb turmay edimqampayıb turmayemI hadn't kept toppling over | senqampayıb turmay ediŋqampayıb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept toppling over | olqampayıb turmay ediqampayıb turmayedhe hadn't kept toppling over | bizqampayıb turmay edikqampayıb turmayekwe hadn't kept toppling over | sizqampayıb turmay edigizqampayıb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept toppling over | alaqampayıb turmay edileqampayıb turmayellethey hadn't kept toppling over |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menqampaya tura edimqampaya turaemI was in the middle of toppling over | senqampaya tura ediŋqampaya turaeŋyou were in the middle of toppling over | olqampaya tura ediqampaya turaedhe was in the middle of toppling over | bizqampaya tura edikqampaya turaekwe were in the middle of toppling over | sizqampaya tura edigizqampaya turaegizyou all were in the middle of toppling over | alaqampaya tura edileqampaya turaellethey were in the middle of toppling over |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menqampaya turmay edimqampaya turmayemI wasn't in the middle of toppling over | senqampaya turmay ediŋqampaya turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of toppling over | olqampaya turmay ediqampaya turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of toppling over | bizqampaya turmay edikqampaya turmayekwe weren't in the middle of toppling over | sizqampaya turmay edigizqampaya turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of toppling over | alaqampaya turmay edileqampaya turmayellethey weren't in the middle of toppling over |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menqampayır edimqampayır emI would topple over | senqampayır ediŋqampayır eŋyou would topple over | olqampayır ediqampayır edhe would topple over | bizqampayır edikqampayır ekwe would topple over | sizqampayır edigizqampayır egizyou all would topple over | alaqampayır edileqampayır ellethey would topple over |
| Conditional result (would) | menqampaymaz edimqampaymaz emI wouldn't topple over | senqampaymaz ediŋqampaymaz eŋyou wouldn't topple over | olqampaymaz ediqampaymaz edhe wouldn't topple over | bizqampaymaz edikqampaymaz ekwe wouldn't topple over | sizqampaymaz edigizqampaymaz egizyou all wouldn't topple over | alaqampaymaz edileqampaymaz ellethey wouldn't topple over |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menqampayırıq edimqampayırıq emI would have toppled over | senqampayırıq ediŋqampayırıq eŋyou would have toppled over | olqampayırıq ediqampayırıq edhe would have toppled over | bizqampayırıq edikqampayırıq ekwe would have toppled over | sizqampayırıq edigizqampayırıq egizyou all would have toppled over | alaqampayırıq edileqampayırıq ellethey would have toppled over |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menqampayırıq tül edimqampayırıq tül emI wouldn't have toppled over | senqampayırıq tül ediŋqampayırıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have toppled over | olqampayırıq tül ediqampayırıq tül edhe wouldn't have toppled over | bizqampayırıq tül edikqampayırıq tül ekwe wouldn't have toppled over | sizqampayırıq tül edigizqampayırıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have toppled over | alaqampayırıq tül edileqampayırıq tül ellethey wouldn't have toppled over |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menqampaysamif I topple over | senqampaysaŋif you topple over | olqampaysaif he topples over | bizqampaysaqif we topple over | sizqampaysağızif you all topple over | alaqampaysalaif they topple over |
| Conditional | menqampaymasamif I don't topple over | senqampaymasaŋif you don't topple over | olqampaymasaif he doesn't topple over | bizqampaymasaqif we don't topple over | sizqampaymasağızif you all don't topple over | alaqampaymasalaif they don't topple over |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menqampaya esemif I am toppling over | senqampaya eseŋif you are toppling over | olqampaya eseif he is toppling over | bizqampaya esekif we are toppling over | sizqampaya esegizif you all are toppling over | alaqampaya eseleif they are toppling over |
| Conditional, present real | menqampaymay esemif I am not toppling over | senqampaymay eseŋif you are not toppling over | olqampaymay eseif he is not toppling over | bizqampaymay esekif we are not toppling over | sizqampaymay esegizif you all are not toppling over | alaqampaymay eseleif they are not toppling over |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menqampaysam ediqampaysam edif only I toppled over | senqampaysaŋ ediqampaysaŋ edif only you toppled over | olqampaysa ediqampaysaedif only he toppled over | bizqampaysaq ediqampaysaq edif only we toppled over | sizqampaysağız ediqampaysağız edif only you all toppled over | alaqampaysala ediqampaysalaedif only they toppled over |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menqampaymasam ediqampaymasam edif only I didn't topple over | senqampaymasaŋ ediqampaymasaŋ edif only you didn't topple over | olqampaymasa ediqampaymasaedif only he didn't topple over | bizqampaymasaq ediqampaymasaq edif only we didn't topple over | sizqampaymasağız ediqampaymasağız edif only you all didn't topple over | alaqampaymasala ediqampaymasalaedif only they didn't topple over |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menqampayıb tursamif I carry on toppling over | senqampayıb tursaŋif you carry on toppling over | olqampayıb tursaif he carries on toppling over | bizqampayıb tursaqif we carry on toppling over | sizqampayıb tursağızif you all carry on toppling over | alaqampayıb tursalaif they carry on toppling over |
| Durative conditional | menqampayıb turmasamif I don't carry on toppling over | senqampayıb turmasaŋif you don't carry on toppling over | olqampayıb turmasaif he doesn't carry on toppling over | bizqampayıb turmasaqif we don't carry on toppling over | sizqampayıb turmasağızif you all don't carry on toppling over | alaqampayıb turmasalaif they don't carry on toppling over |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menqampayıb tura esemif I have kept toppling over | senqampayıb tura eseŋif you have kept toppling over | olqampayıb tura eseif he has kept toppling over | bizqampayıb tura esekif we have kept toppling over | sizqampayıb tura esegizif you all have kept toppling over | alaqampayıb tura eseleif they have kept toppling over |
| Durative conditional, present real | menqampayıb turmay esemif I haven't kept toppling over | senqampayıb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept toppling over | olqampayıb turmay eseif he hasn't kept toppling over | bizqampayıb turmay esekif we haven't kept toppling over | sizqampayıb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept toppling over | alaqampayıb turmay eseleif they haven't kept toppling over |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menqampaya tursamif I keep toppling over | senqampaya tursaŋif you keep toppling over | olqampaya tursaif he keeps toppling over | bizqampaya tursaqif we keep toppling over | sizqampaya tursağızif you all keep toppling over | alaqampaya tursalaif they keep toppling over |
| Progressive conditional | menqampaymay tursamif I keep on not toppling over | senqampaymay tursaŋif you keep on not toppling over | olqampaymay tursaif he keeps on not toppling over | bizqampaymay tursaqif we keep on not toppling over | sizqampaymay tursağızif you all keep on not toppling over | alaqampaymay tursalaif they keep on not toppling over |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menqampaya tura esemif I am in the middle of toppling over | senqampaya tura eseŋif you are in the middle of toppling over | olqampaya tura eseif he is in the middle of toppling over | bizqampaya tura esekif we are in the middle of toppling over | sizqampaya tura esegizif you all are in the middle of toppling over | alaqampaya tura eseleif they are in the middle of toppling over |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menqampaymay tura esemif I keep on not toppling over | senqampaymay tura eseŋif you keep on not toppling over | olqampaymay tura eseif he keeps on not toppling over | bizqampaymay tura esekif we keep on not toppling over | sizqampaymay tura esegizif you all keep on not toppling over | alaqampaymay tura eseleif they keep on not toppling over |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menqampaydım esemif I toppled over | senqampaydıŋ eseŋif you toppled over | olqampaydı eseif he toppled over | bizqampaydıq esekif we toppled over | sizqampaydığız esegizif you all toppled over | alaqampaydıla eseleif they toppled over |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menqampaymadım esemif I didn't topple over | senqampaymadıŋ eseŋif you didn't topple over | olqampaymadı eseif he didn't topple over | bizqampaymadıq esekif we didn't topple over | sizqampaymadığız esegizif you all didn't topple over | alaqampaymadıla eseleif they didn't topple over |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menqampayğan esemif I did topple over (indeed) | senqampayğan eseŋif you did topple over (indeed) | olqampayğan eseif he did topple over (indeed) | bizqampayğan esekif we did topple over (indeed) | sizqampayğan esegizif you all did topple over (indeed) | alaqampayğan eseleif they did topple over (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menqampaymağan esemif I didn't topple over (indeed) | senqampaymağan eseŋif you didn't topple over (indeed) | olqampaymağan eseif he didn't topple over (indeed) | bizqampaymağan esekif we didn't topple over (indeed) | sizqampaymağan esegizif you all didn't topple over (indeed) | alaqampaymağan eseleif they didn't topple over (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menqampayğan bolsamif I had toppled over | senqampayğan bolsaŋif you had toppled over | olqampayğan bolsaif he had toppled over | bizqampayğan bolsaqif we had toppled over | sizqampayğan bolsağızif you all had toppled over | alaqampayğan bolsalaif they had toppled over |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menqampaymağan bolsamif I hadn't toppled over | senqampaymağan bolsaŋif you hadn't toppled over | olqampaymağan bolsaif he hadn't toppled over | bizqampaymağan bolsaqif we hadn't toppled over | sizqampaymağan bolsağızif you all hadn't toppled over | alaqampaymağan bolsalaif they hadn't toppled over |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menqampayğan bolsam ediqampayğan bolsam edif only I had toppled over | senqampayğan bolsaŋ ediqampayğan bolsaŋ edif only you had toppled over | olqampayğan bolsa ediqampayğan bolsaedif only he had toppled over | bizqampayğan bolsaq ediqampayğan bolsaq edif only we had toppled over | sizqampayğan bolsağız ediqampayğan bolsağız edif only you all had toppled over | alaqampayğan bolsala ediqampayğan bolsalaedif only they had toppled over |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menqampaymağan bolsam ediqampaymağan bolsam edif only I hadn't toppled over | senqampaymağan bolsaŋ ediqampaymağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't toppled over | olqampaymağan bolsa ediqampaymağan bolsaedif only he hadn't toppled over | bizqampaymağan bolsaq ediqampaymağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't toppled over | sizqampaymağan bolsağız ediqampaymağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't toppled over | alaqampaymağan bolsala ediqampaymağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't toppled over |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menqampayır esemif I will topple over | senqampayır eseŋif you will topple over | olqampayır eseif he will topple over | bizqampayır esekif we will topple over | sizqampayır esegizif you all will topple over | alaqampayır eseleif they will topple over |
| Conditional, aorist | menqampaymaz esemif I won't topple over | senqampaymaz eseŋif you won't topple over | olqampaymaz eseif he won't topple over | bizqampaymaz esekif we won't topple over | sizqampaymaz esegizif you all won't topple over | alaqampaymaz eseleif they won't topple over |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menqampayırıq esemif I am going to topple over | senqampayırıq eseŋif you are going to topple over | olqampayırıq eseif he is going to topple over | bizqampayırıq esekif we are going to topple over | sizqampayırıq esegizif you all are going to topple over | alaqampayırıq eseleif they are going to topple over |
| Conditional, future | menqampayırıq tül esemif I am not going to topple over | senqampayırıq tül eseŋif you are not going to topple over | olqampayırıq tül eseif he is not going to topple over | bizqampayırıq tül esekif we are not going to topple over | sizqampayırıq tül esegizif you all are not going to topple over | alaqampayırıq tül eseleif they are not going to topple over |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menqampayırıq bolsamif I were going to topple over | senqampayırıq bolsaŋif you were going to topple over | olqampayırıq bolsaif he were going to topple over | bizqampayırıq bolsaqif we were going to topple over | sizqampayırıq bolsağızif you all were going to topple over | alaqampayırıq bolsalaif they were going to topple over |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menqampaymazlıq bolsamif I were not going to topple over | senqampaymazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to topple over | olqampaymazlıq bolsaif he were not going to topple over | bizqampaymazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to topple over | sizqampaymazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to topple over | alaqampaymazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to topple over |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso qampaydıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menqampaya bolurmaI must be toppling over | senqampaya bolursayou must be toppling over | olqampaya bolurhe must be toppling over | bizqampaya bolurbuzwe must be toppling over | sizqampaya bolursuzyou all must be toppling over | alaqampaya bolurlathey must be toppling over |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menqampaymay bolurmaI must not be toppling over | senqampaymay bolursayou must not be toppling over | olqampaymay bolurhe must not be toppling over | bizqampaymay bolurbuzwe must not be toppling over | sizqampaymay bolursuzyou all must not be toppling over | alaqampaymay bolurlathey must not be toppling over |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menqampaya tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of toppling over | senqampaya tura bolursayou must be in the middle of toppling over | olqampaya tura bolurhe must be in the middle of toppling over | bizqampaya tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of toppling over | sizqampaya tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of toppling over | alaqampaya tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of toppling over |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menqampaymay tura bolurmaI must keep on not toppling over | senqampaymay tura bolursayou must keep on not toppling over | olqampaymay tura bolurhe must keep on not toppling over | bizqampaymay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not toppling over | sizqampaymay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not toppling over | alaqampaymay tura bolurlathey must keep on not toppling over |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menqampayğan bolurmaI must have toppled over | senqampayğan bolursayou must have toppled over | olqampayğan bolurhe must have toppled over | bizqampayğan bolurbuzwe must have toppled over | sizqampayğan bolursuzyou all must have toppled over | alaqampayğan bolurlathey must have toppled over |
| Inference (must have) | menqampaymağan bolurmaI must not have toppled over | senqampaymağan bolursayou must not have toppled over | olqampaymağan bolurhe must not have toppled over | bizqampaymağan bolurbuzwe must not have toppled over | sizqampaymağan bolursuzyou all must not have toppled over | alaqampaymağan bolurlathey must not have toppled over |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menqampayırıq bolurmaI must be going to topple over | senqampayırıq bolursayou must be going to topple over | olqampayırıq bolurhe must be going to topple over | bizqampayırıq bolurbuzwe must be going to topple over | sizqampayırıq bolursuzyou all must be going to topple over | alaqampayırıq bolurlathey must be going to topple over |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menqampaymazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to topple over | senqampaymazlıq bolursayou must not be going to topple over | olqampaymazlıq bolurhe must not be going to topple over | bizqampaymazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to topple over | sizqampaymazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to topple over | alaqampaymazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to topple over |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menqampayayımlet me topple over | senqampay!topple over! | olqampaysınlet him topple over | bizqampayayıqlet's topple over | sizqampayığız!topple over, you all! | alaqampaysınlalet them topple over |
| Commands & suggestions | menqampaymayımlet me not topple over | senqampayma!don't topple over! | olqampaymasınlet him not topple over | bizqampaymayıqlet's not topple over | sizqampaymağız!don't topple over, you all! | alaqampaymasınlalet them not topple over |
| Commands & suggestions | menqampayayımmı?shall I topple over? | olqampaysınmı?should he topple over? | bizqampayayıqmı?shall we topple over? | alaqampaysınlamı?should they topple over? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menqampaymayımmı?shall I not topple over? | olqampaymasınmı?should he not topple over? | bizqampaymayıqmı?shall we not topple over? | alaqampaymasınlamı?should they not topple over? | ||
| Requests | senqampayçı2qampayçınplease topple over | olqampaysınçıdo let him topple over | sizqampayçığızplease topple over (plural/polite) | alaqampaysınlaçıdo let them topple over | ||
| Requests | senqampaymaçı2qampaymaçınplease don't topple over | olqampaymasınçıdo let him not topple over | sizqampaymaçığızplease don't topple over (plural/polite) | alaqampaymasınlaçıdo let them not topple over | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senqampayğınqampayğımay you topple over | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senqampaymağınqampaymağımay you not topple over | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menqampayğay edim qampayğa edimwould that I toppled over | senqampayğay ediŋ qampayğa ediŋwould that you toppled over | olqampayğay edi qampayğa ediwould that he toppled over | bizqampayğay edik qampayğa edikwould that we toppled over | sizqampayğay edigiz qampayğa edigizwould that you all toppled over | alaqampayğay edile qampayğa edilewould that they toppled over |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menqampaymağay edim qampaymağa edimwould that I did not topple over | senqampaymağay ediŋ qampaymağa ediŋwould that you did not topple over | olqampaymağay edi qampaymağa ediwould that he did not topple over | bizqampaymağay edik qampaymağa edikwould that we did not topple over | sizqampaymağay edigiz qampaymağa edigizwould that you all did not topple over | alaqampaymağay edile qampaymağa edilewould that they did not topple over |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menqampaymağa qoyayımqampayma qoyayımlet me allow someone to topple over | senqampaymağa qoy!qampayma qoy!let someone topple over! | olqampaymağa qoysunqampayma qoysunlet him allow someone to topple over | bizqampaymağa qoyayıqqampayma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to topple over | sizqampaymağa qoyuğuz!qampayma qoyuğuz!let someone topple over, you all! | alaqampaymağa qoysunlaqampayma qoysunlalet them allow someone to topple over |
| Let someone… (commands) | menqampaymağa qoymayımqampayma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to topple over | senqampaymağa qoyma!qampayma qoyma!don't let someone topple over! | olqampaymağa qoymasınqampayma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to topple over | bizqampaymağa qoymayıqqampayma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to topple over | sizqampaymağa qoymağız!qampayma qoymağız!don't let someone topple over, you all! | alaqampaymağa qoymasınlaqampayma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to topple over |
| Let someone… (commands) | menqampaymağa qoyayımmı?qampayma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to topple over? | olqampaymağa qoysunmu?qampayma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to topple over? | bizqampaymağa qoyayıqmı?qampayma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to topple over? | alaqampaymağa qoysunlamı?qampayma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to topple over? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menqampaymağa qoymayımmı?qampayma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to topple over? | olqampaymağa qoymasınmı?qampayma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to topple over? | bizqampaymağa qoymayıqmı?qampayma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to topple over? | alaqampaymağa qoymasınlamı?qampayma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to topple over? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menqampaymağa qoyamaqampayma qoyamaI allow someone to topple over | senqampaymağa qoyasaqampayma qoyasayou allow someone to topple over | olqampaymağa qoyadıqampayma qoyadıhe allows someone to topple over | bizqampaymağa qoyabızqampayma qoyabızwe allow someone to topple over | sizqampaymağa qoyasızqampayma qoyasızyou all allow someone to topple over | alaqampaymağa qoyadılaqampayma qoyadılathey allow someone to topple over |
| Let someone… (present) | menqampaymağa qoymaymaqampayma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to topple over | senqampaymağa qoymaysaqampayma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to topple over | olqampaymağa qoymaydıqampayma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to topple over | bizqampaymağa qoymaybızqampayma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to topple over | sizqampaymağa qoymaysızqampayma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to topple over | alaqampaymağa qoymaydılaqampayma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to topple over |
| Let someone… (present) | menqampaymağa qoyamamı?qampayma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to topple over? | senqampaymağa qoyamısa?qampayma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to topple over? | olqampaymağa qoyamıdı?qampayma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to topple over? | bizqampaymağa qoyabızmı?qampayma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to topple over? | sizqampaymağa qoyamısız?qampayma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to topple over? | alaqampaymağa qoyamıdıla?qampayma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to topple over? |
| Let someone… (present) | menqampaymağa qoymaymamı?qampayma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to topple over? | senqampaymağa qoymaymısa?qampayma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to topple over? | olqampaymağa qoymaymıdı?qampayma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to topple over? | bizqampaymağa qoymaybızmı?qampayma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to topple over? | sizqampaymağa qoymaymısız?qampayma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to topple over? | alaqampaymağa qoymaymıdıla?qampayma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to topple over? |
| Let someone… (past) | menqampaymağa qoydumqampayma qoydumI allowed someone to topple over | senqampaymağa qoyduŋqampayma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to topple over | olqampaymağa qoyduqampayma qoyduhe allowed someone to topple over | bizqampaymağa qoyduqqampayma qoyduqwe allowed someone to topple over | sizqampaymağa qoyduğuzqampayma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to topple over | alaqampaymağa qoydulaqampayma qoydulathey allowed someone to topple over |
| Let someone… (past) | menqampaymağa qoymadımqampayma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to topple over | senqampaymağa qoymadıŋqampayma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to topple over | olqampaymağa qoymadıqampayma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to topple over | bizqampaymağa qoymadıqqampayma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to topple over | sizqampaymağa qoymadığızqampayma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to topple over | alaqampaymağa qoymadılaqampayma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to topple over |
| Let someone… (past) | menqampaymağa qoydummu?qampayma qoydummu?did I allow someone to topple over? | senqampaymağa qoyduŋmu?qampayma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to topple over? | olqampaymağa qoydumu?qampayma qoydumu?did he allow someone to topple over? | bizqampaymağa qoyduqmu?qampayma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to topple over? | sizqampaymağa qoyduğuzmu?qampayma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to topple over? | alaqampaymağa qoydulamı?qampayma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to topple over? |
| Let someone… (past) | menqampaymağa qoymadımmı?qampayma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to topple over? | senqampaymağa qoymadıŋmı?qampayma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to topple over? | olqampaymağa qoymadımı?qampayma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to topple over? | bizqampaymağa qoymadıqmı?qampayma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to topple over? | sizqampaymağa qoymadığızmı?qampayma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to topple over? | alaqampaymağa qoymadılamı?qampayma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to topple over? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
qampayalırğa be able to topple over · qampayalmazğa be unable to topple over
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menqampayalamaI can topple over | senqampayalasayou can topple over | olqampayaladıhe can topple over | bizqampayalabızwe can topple over | sizqampayalasızyou all can topple over | alaqampayaladılathey can topple over |
| Ability — present | menqampayalmaymaI can't topple over | senqampayalmaysayou can't topple over | olqampayalmaydıhe can't topple over | bizqampayalmaybızwe can't topple over | sizqampayalmaysızyou all can't topple over | alaqampayalmaydılathey can't topple over |
| Ability — present | menqampayalamamı? qampayalamıma?can I topple over? | senqampayalamısa?can you topple over? | olqampayalamıdı?can he topple over? | bizqampayalabızmı? qampayalamıbız?can we topple over? | sizqampayalamısız?can you all topple over? | alaqampayalamıdıla?can they topple over? |
| Ability — present | menqampayalmaymamı? qampayalmaymıma?can't I topple over? | senqampayalmaymısa?can't you topple over? | olqampayalmaymıdı?can't he topple over? | bizqampayalmaybızmı? qampayalmaymıbız?can't we topple over? | sizqampayalmaymısız?can't you all topple over? | alaqampayalmaymıdıla?can't they topple over? |
| Ability — if I can… | menqampayalsamif I can topple over | senqampayalsaŋif you can topple over | olqampayalsaif he can topple over | bizqampayalsaqif we can topple over | sizqampayalsağızif you all can topple over | alaqampayalsalaif they can topple over |
| Ability — if I can… | menqampayalmasamif I can't topple over | senqampayalmasaŋif you can't topple over | olqampayalmasaif he can't topple over | bizqampayalmasaqif we can't topple over | sizqampayalmasağızif you all can't topple over | alaqampayalmasalaif they can't topple over |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menqampayaldımI was able to topple over | senqampayaldıŋyou were able to topple over | olqampayaldıhe was able to topple over | bizqampayaldıqwe were able to topple over | sizqampayaldığızyou all were able to topple over | alaqampayaldılathey were able to topple over |
| Ability — simple past | menqampayalmadımI could not topple over | senqampayalmadıŋyou could not topple over | olqampayalmadıhe could not topple over | bizqampayalmadıqwe could not topple over | sizqampayalmadığızyou all could not topple over | alaqampayalmadılathey could not topple over |
| Ability — simple past | menqampayaldımmı?was I able to topple over? | senqampayaldıŋmı?were you able to topple over? | olqampayaldımı?was he able to topple over? | bizqampayaldıqmı?were we able to topple over? | sizqampayaldığızmı?were you all able to topple over? | alaqampayaldılamı?were they able to topple over? |
| Ability — simple past | menqampayalmadımmı?couldn't I topple over? | senqampayalmadıŋmı?couldn't you topple over? | olqampayalmadımı?couldn't he topple over? | bizqampayalmadıqmı?couldn't we topple over? | sizqampayalmadığızmı?couldn't you all topple over? | alaqampayalmadılamı?couldn't they topple over? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menqampayalğanmaI have been able to topple over | senqampayalğansayou have been able to topple over | olqampayalğandıhe has been able to topple over | bizqampayalğanbızwe have been able to topple over | sizqampayalğansızyou all have been able to topple over | alaqampayalğandılathey have been able to topple over |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menqampayalmağanmaI haven't been able to topple over | senqampayalmağansayou haven't been able to topple over | olqampayalmağandıhe hasn't been able to topple over | bizqampayalmağanbızwe haven't been able to topple over | sizqampayalmağansızyou all haven't been able to topple over | alaqampayalmağandılathey haven't been able to topple over |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menqampayalğanmamı? qampayalğanmıma?have I been able to topple over? | senqampayalğanmısa?have you been able to topple over? | olqampayalğanmıdı?has he been able to topple over? | bizqampayalğanbızmı? qampayalğanmıbız?have we been able to topple over? | sizqampayalğanmısız?have you all been able to topple over? | alaqampayalğanmıdıla?have they been able to topple over? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menqampayalmağanmamı? qampayalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to topple over? | senqampayalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to topple over? | olqampayalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to topple over? | bizqampayalmağanbızmı? qampayalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to topple over? | sizqampayalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to topple over? | alaqampayalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to topple over? |
| Ability — past perfect | menqampayalğan edimqampayalğanemI had been able to topple over | senqampayalğan ediŋqampayalğaneŋyou had been able to topple over | olqampayalğan ediqampayalğanedhe had been able to topple over | bizqampayalğan edikqampayalğanekwe had been able to topple over | sizqampayalğan edigizqampayalğanegizyou all had been able to topple over | alaqampayalğan edileqampayalğanellethey had been able to topple over |
| Ability — past perfect | menqampayalmağan edimqampayalmağanemI hadn't been able to topple over | senqampayalmağan ediŋqampayalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to topple over | olqampayalmağan ediqampayalmağanedhe hadn't been able to topple over | bizqampayalmağan edikqampayalmağanekwe hadn't been able to topple over | sizqampayalmağan edigizqampayalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to topple over | alaqampayalmağan edileqampayalmağanellethey hadn't been able to topple over |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menqampayala edimqampayalaemI could topple over | senqampayala ediŋqampayalaeŋyou could topple over | olqampayala ediqampayalaedhe could topple over | bizqampayala edikqampayalaekwe could topple over | sizqampayala edigizqampayalaegizyou all could topple over | alaqampayala edileqampayalaellethey could topple over |
| Ability — past background | menqampayalmay edimqampayalmayemI could not topple over | senqampayalmay ediŋqampayalmayeŋyou could not topple over | olqampayalmay ediqampayalmayedhe could not topple over | bizqampayalmay edikqampayalmayekwe could not topple over | sizqampayalmay edigizqampayalmayegizyou all could not topple over | alaqampayalmay edileqampayalmayellethey could not topple over |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menqampayalırmaI will be able to topple over | senqampayalırsayou will be able to topple over | olqampayalırhe will be able to topple over | bizqampayalırbızwe will be able to topple over | sizqampayalırsızyou all will be able to topple over | alaqampayalırlathey will be able to topple over |
| Ability — future I | menqampayalmazmaI won't be able to topple over | senqampayalmazsayou won't be able to topple over | olqampayalmazhe won't be able to topple over | bizqampayalmazbızwe won't be able to topple over | sizqampayalmazsızyou all won't be able to topple over | alaqampayalmazlathey won't be able to topple over |
| Ability — future I | menqampayalırmamı? qampayalırmıma?will I be able to topple over? | senqampayalırmısa?will you be able to topple over? | olqampayalırmı?will he be able to topple over? | bizqampayalırbızmı? qampayalırmıbız?will we be able to topple over? | sizqampayalırmısız?will you all be able to topple over? | alaqampayalırlamı? qampayalırmıla?will they be able to topple over? |
| Ability — future I | menqampayalmazmamı? qampayalmazmıma?won't I be able to topple over? | senqampayalmazmısa?won't you be able to topple over? | olqampayalmazmı?won't he be able to topple over? | bizqampayalmazbızmı? qampayalmazmıbız?won't we be able to topple over? | sizqampayalmazmısız?won't you all be able to topple over? | alaqampayalmazlamı? qampayalmazmıla?won't they be able to topple over? |
| Ability — future II | menqampayallıqmaI am going to be able to topple over | senqampayallıqsayou are going to be able to topple over | olqampayallıqdıhe is going to be able to topple over | bizqampayallıqbızwe are going to be able to topple over | sizqampayallıqsızyou all are going to be able to topple over | alaqampayallıqdılathey are going to be able to topple over |
| Ability — future II | menqampayallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to topple over | senqampayallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to topple over | olqampayallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to topple over | bizqampayallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to topple over | sizqampayallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to topple over | alaqampayallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to topple over |
| Ability — future II | menqampayallıqmamı? qampayallıqmıma?am I going to be able to topple over? | senqampayallıqmısa?are you going to be able to topple over? | olqampayallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to topple over? | bizqampayallıqbızmı? qampayallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to topple over? | sizqampayallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to topple over? | alaqampayallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to topple over? |
| Ability — future II | menqampayallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to topple over? | senqampayallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to topple over? | olqampayallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to topple over? | bizqampayallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to topple over? | sizqampayallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to topple over? | alaqampayallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to topple over? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menqampayalır edimqampayalır emI would be able to topple over | senqampayalır ediŋqampayalır eŋyou would be able to topple over | olqampayalır ediqampayalır edhe would be able to topple over | bizqampayalır edikqampayalır ekwe would be able to topple over | sizqampayalır edigizqampayalır egizyou all would be able to topple over | alaqampayalır edileqampayalır ellethey would be able to topple over |
| Ability — would be able to… | menqampayalmaz edimqampayalmaz emI wouldn't be able to topple over | senqampayalmaz ediŋqampayalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to topple over | olqampayalmaz ediqampayalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to topple over | bizqampayalmaz edikqampayalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to topple over | sizqampayalmaz edigizqampayalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to topple over | alaqampayalmaz edileqampayalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to topple over |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senqampayalğınqampayalğımay you be able to topple over | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senqampayalmağınqampayalmağımay you not be able to topple over | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menqampayırğa izleymeI want to topple over | senqampayırğa izleyseyou want to topple over | olqampayırğa izleydihe wants to topple over | bizqampayırğa izleybizwe want to topple over | sizqampayırğa izleysizyou all want to topple over | alaqampayırğa izleydilethey want to topple over |
| want to | menqampayırğa izlemeymeI do not want to topple over | senqampayırğa izlemeyseyou do not want to topple over | olqampayırğa izlemeydihe does not want to topple over | bizqampayırğa izlemeybizwe do not want to topple over | sizqampayırğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to topple over | alaqampayırğa izlemeydilethey do not want to topple over |
| would like to | menqampayırğa süemeI would like to topple over | senqampayırğa süeseyou would like to topple over | olqampayırğa süedihe would like to topple over | bizqampayırğa süebizwe would like to topple over | sizqampayırğa süesizyou all would like to topple over | alaqampayırğa süedilethey would like to topple over |
| would like to | menqampayırğa süymeymeI would not like to topple over | senqampayırğa süymeyseyou would not like to topple over | olqampayırğa süymeydihe would not like to topple over | bizqampayırğa süymeybizwe would not like to topple over | sizqampayırğa süymeysizyou all would not like to topple over | alaqampayırğa süymeydilethey would not like to topple over |
| hope to | menqampayırğa umutlanamaI hope to topple over | senqampayırğa umutlanasayou hope to topple over | olqampayırğa umutlanadıhe hopes to topple over | bizqampayırğa umutlanabızwe hope to topple over | sizqampayırğa umutlanasızyou all hope to topple over | alaqampayırğa umutlanadılathey hope to topple over |
| hope to | menqampayırğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to topple over | senqampayırğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to topple over | olqampayırğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to topple over | bizqampayırğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to topple over | sizqampayırğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to topple over | alaqampayırğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to topple over |
| be about to | menqampayırğa deb turamaI am about to topple over | senqampayırğa deb turasayou are about to topple over | olqampayırğa deb turadıhe is about to topple over | bizqampayırğa deb turabızwe are about to topple over | sizqampayırğa deb turasızyou all are about to topple over | alaqampayırğa deb turadılathey are about to topple over |
| be about to | menqampayırğa deb turmaymaI am not about to topple over | senqampayırğa deb turmaysayou are not about to topple over | olqampayırğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to topple over | bizqampayırğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to topple over | sizqampayırğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to topple over | alaqampayırğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to topple over |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menqampayırğa kerekmeI need to topple over | senqampayırğa kerekseyou need to topple over | olqampayırğa kerekdihe needs to topple over | bizqampayırğa kerekbizwe need to topple over | sizqampayırğa kereksizyou all need to topple over | alaqampayırğa kerekdilethey need to topple over |
| need to | menqampayırğa kerek tülmeI do not need to topple over | senqampayırğa kerek tülseyou do not need to topple over | olqampayırğa kerek tüldühe does not need to topple over | bizqampayırğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to topple over | sizqampayırğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to topple over | alaqampayırğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to topple over |
| have to | menmenŋe qampayırğa tüşediI have to topple over | sensenŋe qampayırğa tüşediyou have to topple over | olaŋa qampayırğa tüşedihe has to topple over | bizbizge qampayırğa tüşediwe have to topple over | sizsizge qampayırğa tüşediyou all have to topple over | alaalağa qampayırğa tüşedithey have to topple over |
| have to | menmenŋe qampayırğa tüşmeydiI do not have to topple over | sensenŋe qampayırğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to topple over | olaŋa qampayırğa tüşmeydihe does not have to topple over | bizbizge qampayırğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to topple over | sizsizge qampayırğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to topple over | alaalağa qampayırğa tüşmeydithey do not have to topple over |
| be obliged to | menqampayırğa borçlumaI am obliged to topple over | senqampayırğa borçlusayou are obliged to topple over | olqampayırğa borçluduhe is obliged to topple over | bizqampayırğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to topple over | sizqampayırğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to topple over | alaqampayırğa borçludulathey are obliged to topple over |
| be obliged to | menqampayırğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to topple over | senqampayırğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to topple over | olqampayırğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to topple over | bizqampayırğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to topple over | sizqampayırğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to topple over | alaqampayırğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to topple over |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menqampayırğa madarım bardıI have a way to topple over | senqampayırğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to topple over | olqampayırğa madarı bardıhe has a way to topple over | bizqampayırğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to topple over | sizqampayırğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to topple over | alaqampayırğa madarları bardıthey have a way to topple over |
| have a way to | menqampayırğa madarım joqduI have no way to topple over | senqampayırğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to topple over | olqampayırğa madarı joqduhe has no way to topple over | bizqampayırğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to topple over | sizqampayırğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to topple over | alaqampayırğa madarları joqduthey have no way to topple over |
| be free to | menqampayırğa erkinligim bardıI am free to topple over | senqampayırğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to topple over | olqampayırğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to topple over | bizqampayırğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to topple over | sizqampayırğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to topple over | alaqampayırğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to topple over |
| be free to | menqampayırğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to topple over | senqampayırğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to topple over | olqampayırğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to topple over | bizqampayırğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to topple over | sizqampayırğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to topple over | alaqampayırğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to topple over |
| be possible to | menmenŋe qampayırğa bolluqduit is possible for me to topple over | sensenŋe qampayırğa bolluqduit is possible for you to topple over | olaŋa qampayırğa bolluqduit is possible for him to topple over | bizbizge qampayırğa bolluqduit is possible for us to topple over | sizsizge qampayırğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to topple over | alaalağa qampayırğa bolluqduit is possible for them to topple over |
| be possible to | menmenŋe qampayırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to topple over | sensenŋe qampayırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to topple over | olaŋa qampayırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to topple over | bizbizge qampayırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to topple over | sizsizge qampayırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to topple over | alaalağa qampayırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to topple over |
| be ready to | menqampayırğa hazırmaI am ready to topple over | senqampayırğa hazırsayou are ready to topple over | olqampayırğa hazırdıhe is ready to topple over | bizqampayırğa hazırbızwe are ready to topple over | sizqampayırğa hazırsızyou all are ready to topple over | alaqampayırğa hazırdılathey are ready to topple over |
| be ready to | menqampayırğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to topple over | senqampayırğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to topple over | olqampayırğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to topple over | bizqampayırğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to topple over | sizqampayırğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to topple over | alaqampayırğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to topple over |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menqampayırğa küreşemeI am trying to topple over | senqampayırğa küreşeseyou are trying to topple over | olqampayırğa küreşedihe is trying to topple over | bizqampayırğa küreşebizwe are trying to topple over | sizqampayırğa küreşesizyou all are trying to topple over | alaqampayırğa küreşedilethey are trying to topple over |
| try to | menqampayırğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to topple over | senqampayırğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to topple over | olqampayırğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to topple over | bizqampayırğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to topple over | sizqampayırğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to topple over | alaqampayırğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to topple over |
| agree to | menqampayırğa unaymaI agree to topple over | senqampayırğa unaysayou agree to topple over | olqampayırğa unaydıhe agrees to topple over | bizqampayırğa unaybızwe agree to topple over | sizqampayırğa unaysızyou all agree to topple over | alaqampayırğa unaydılathey agree to topple over |
| agree to | menqampayırğa unamaymaI refuse to topple over | senqampayırğa unamaysayou refuse to topple over | olqampayırğa unamaydıhe refuses to topple over | bizqampayırğa unamaybızwe refuse to topple over | sizqampayırğa unamaysızyou all refuse to topple over | alaqampayırğa unamaydılathey refuse to topple over |
| hurry to | menqampayırğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to topple over | senqampayırğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to topple over | olqampayırğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to topple over | bizqampayırğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to topple over | sizqampayırğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to topple over | alaqampayırğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to topple over |
| hurry to | menqampayırğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to topple over | senqampayırğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to topple over | olqampayırğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to topple over | bizqampayırğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to topple over | sizqampayırğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to topple over | alaqampayırğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to topple over |
| be afraid to | menqampayırğa qorqamaI am afraid to topple over | senqampayırğa qorqasayou are afraid to topple over | olqampayırğa qorqadıhe is afraid to topple over | bizqampayırğa qorqabızwe are afraid to topple over | sizqampayırğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to topple over | alaqampayırğa qorqadılathey are afraid to topple over |
| be afraid to | menqampayırğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to topple over | senqampayırğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to topple over | olqampayırğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to topple over | bizqampayırğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to topple over | sizqampayırğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to topple over | alaqampayırğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to topple over |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menqampaya bolmazmaI can't be toppling over | senqampaya bolmazsayou can't be toppling over | olqampaya bolmazhe can't be toppling over | bizqampaya bolmazbızwe can't be toppling over | sizqampaya bolmazsızyou all can't be toppling over | alaqampaya bolmazlathey can't be toppling over |
| Inference, present — double negation | menqampaymay bolmazmaI must be toppling over (emphatic) | senqampaymay bolmazsayou must be toppling over (emphatic) | olqampaymay bolmazhe must be toppling over (emphatic) | bizqampaymay bolmazbızwe must be toppling over (emphatic) | sizqampaymay bolmazsızyou all must be toppling over (emphatic) | alaqampaymay bolmazlathey must be toppling over (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menqampaya turmasamif I don't keep toppling over | senqampaya turmasaŋif you don't keep toppling over | olqampaya turmasaif he doesn't keep toppling over | bizqampaya turmasaqif we don't keep toppling over | sizqampaya turmasağızif you all don't keep toppling over | alaqampaya turmasalaif they don't keep toppling over |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menqampaya tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of toppling over | senqampaya tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of toppling over | olqampaya tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of toppling over | bizqampaya tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of toppling over | sizqampaya tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of toppling over | alaqampaya tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of toppling over |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menqampaymay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not toppling over (emphatic) | senqampaymay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not toppling over (emphatic) | olqampaymay tura bolmazhe must keep on not toppling over (emphatic) | bizqampaymay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not toppling over (emphatic) | sizqampaymay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not toppling over (emphatic) | alaqampaymay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not toppling over (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menqampaymay turamaI keep on not toppling over | senqampaymay turasayou keep on not toppling over | olqampaymay turadıhe keeps on not toppling over | bizqampaymay turabızwe keep on not toppling over | sizqampaymay turasızyou all keep on not toppling over | alaqampaymay turadılathey keep on not toppling over |
| Progressive — double negation | menqampaymay turmaymaI am not keeping on not toppling over | senqampaymay turmaysayou are not keeping on not toppling over | olqampaymay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not toppling over | bizqampaymay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not toppling over | sizqampaymay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not toppling over | alaqampaymay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not toppling over |
| Progressive — double negation | menqampaymay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not toppling over? | senqampaymay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not toppling over? | olqampaymay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not toppling over? | bizqampaymay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not toppling over? | sizqampaymay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not toppling over? | alaqampaymay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not toppling over? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menqampayğan bolmazmaI can't have toppled over | senqampayğan bolmazsayou can't have toppled over | olqampayğan bolmazhe can't have toppled over | bizqampayğan bolmazbızwe can't have toppled over | sizqampayğan bolmazsızyou all can't have toppled over | alaqampayğan bolmazlathey can't have toppled over |
| Inference — double negation | menqampaymağan bolmazmaI must have toppled over (emphatic) | senqampaymağan bolmazsayou must have toppled over (emphatic) | olqampaymağan bolmazhe must have toppled over (emphatic) | bizqampaymağan bolmazbızwe must have toppled over (emphatic) | sizqampaymağan bolmazsızyou all must have toppled over (emphatic) | alaqampaymağan bolmazlathey must have toppled over (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menqampayğan bolmasamif it weren't that I had toppled over | senqampayğan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had toppled over | olqampayğan bolmasaif it weren't that he had toppled over | bizqampayğan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had toppled over | sizqampayğan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had toppled over | alaqampayğan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had toppled over |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menqampaymağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't toppled over | senqampaymağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't toppled over | olqampaymağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't toppled over | bizqampaymağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't toppled over | sizqampaymağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't toppled over | alaqampaymağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't toppled over |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menqampayırıq bolmazmaI can't be going to topple over | senqampayırıq bolmazsayou can't be going to topple over | olqampayırıq bolmazhe can't be going to topple over | bizqampayırıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to topple over | sizqampayırıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to topple over | alaqampayırıq bolmazlathey can't be going to topple over |
| Inference, future — double negation | menqampaymazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to topple over (emphatic) | senqampaymazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to topple over (emphatic) | olqampaymazlıq bolmazhe must be going to topple over (emphatic) | bizqampaymazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to topple over (emphatic) | sizqampaymazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to topple over (emphatic) | alaqampaymazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to topple over (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menqampayırıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to topple over | senqampayırıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to topple over | olqampayırıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to topple over | bizqampayırıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to topple over | sizqampayırıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to topple over | alaqampayırıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to topple over |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menqampaymazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to topple over | senqampaymazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to topple over | olqampaymazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to topple over | bizqampaymazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to topple over | sizqampaymazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to topple over | alaqampaymazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to topple over |