seŋkilderge
/seŋkilderɡe/
1. sway, rock; spring, give under weight (of a bed or its net)
- orunduq seŋkildegen etedi — the bed springs
- tayançaqda seŋkilderge — to rock in an armchair
- küçlü seŋkildeb — swaying strongly
2. flutter, quiver (of the heart)
- jüregim seŋkildeydi — my heart is fluttering
- qorqğandan jüregi seŋkildedi — his heart quivered with fright
- jüregi seŋkildeb başladı — her heart began to flutter
3. quiver, twitch, shake (of the body or shoulders) — Marked as Karachay usage; compare seŋilde.
- jılağanda imbaşları seŋkildedi — when she cried, her shoulders shook
- imbaşlarım seŋkildey edile — my shoulders were quivering
Conjugation
Common forms
- seŋkildeydihe is swaying
- seŋkildedihe swayed
- seŋkildegendihe has swayed
- seŋkilderhe will sway
- seŋkilderikdihe is going to sway
- seŋkildey edihe was swaying
- seŋkildeseif he sways
- seŋkilde!sway!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menseŋkildeymeI am swaying | senseŋkildeyseyou are swaying | olseŋkildeydihe is swaying | bizseŋkildeybizwe are swaying | sizseŋkildeysizyou all are swaying | alaseŋkildeydilethey are swaying |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menseŋkildemeymeI am not swaying | senseŋkildemeyseyou are not swaying | olseŋkildemeydihe is not swaying | bizseŋkildemeybizwe are not swaying | sizseŋkildemeysizyou all are not swaying | alaseŋkildemeydilethey are not swaying |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menseŋkildeymemi? seŋkildeymime?am I swaying? | senseŋkildeymise?are you swaying? | olseŋkildeymidi?is he swaying? | bizseŋkildeybizmi? seŋkildeymibiz?are we swaying? | sizseŋkildeymisiz?are you all swaying? | alaseŋkildeymidile?are they swaying? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menseŋkildemeymemi? seŋkildemeymime?aren't I swaying? | senseŋkildemeymise?aren't you swaying? | olseŋkildemeymidi?isn't he swaying? | bizseŋkildemeybizmi? seŋkildemeymibiz?aren't we swaying? | sizseŋkildemeymisiz?aren't you all swaying? | alaseŋkildemeymidile?aren't they swaying? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menseŋkildewçenmeI usually sway | senseŋkildewçenseyou usually sway | olseŋkildewçendihe usually sways | bizseŋkildewçenbizwe usually sway | sizseŋkildewçensizyou all usually sway | alaseŋkildewçendilethey usually sway |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menseŋkildemewçenmeI usually don't sway | senseŋkildemewçenseyou usually don't sway | olseŋkildemewçendihe usually doesn't sway | bizseŋkildemewçenbizwe usually don't sway | sizseŋkildemewçensizyou all usually don't sway | alaseŋkildemewçendilethey usually don't sway |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menseŋkildewçenmemi? seŋkildewçenmime?do I usually sway? | senseŋkildewçenmise?do you usually sway? | olseŋkildewçenmidi?does he usually sway? | bizseŋkildewçenbizmi? seŋkildewçenmibiz?do we usually sway? | sizseŋkildewçenmisiz?do you all usually sway? | alaseŋkildewçenmidile?do they usually sway? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menseŋkildemewçenmemi? seŋkildemewçenmime?do I usually not sway? | senseŋkildemewçenmise?do you usually not sway? | olseŋkildemewçenmidi?does he usually not sway? | bizseŋkildemewçenbizmi? seŋkildemewçenmibiz?do we usually not sway? | sizseŋkildemewçenmisiz?do you all usually not sway? | alaseŋkildemewçenmidile?do they usually not sway? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olseŋkildebdihe has swayed and remains so | alaseŋkildebdilethey have swayed and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olseŋkildebmidi?has he swayed? | alaseŋkildebmidile?have they swayed? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menseŋkildeb turamaI keep swaying | senseŋkildeb turasayou keep swaying | olseŋkildeb turadıhe keeps swaying | bizseŋkildeb turabızwe keep swaying | sizseŋkildeb turasızyou all keep swaying | alaseŋkildeb turadılathey keep swaying |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menseŋkildeb turmaymaI don't keep swaying | senseŋkildeb turmaysayou don't keep swaying | olseŋkildeb turmaydıhe doesn't keep swaying | bizseŋkildeb turmaybızwe don't keep swaying | sizseŋkildeb turmaysızyou all don't keep swaying | alaseŋkildeb turmaydılathey don't keep swaying |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menseŋkildeb turamamı? seŋkildeb turamıma?do I keep swaying? | senseŋkildeb turamısa?do you keep swaying? | olseŋkildeb turamıdı?does he keep swaying? | bizseŋkildeb turabızmı? seŋkildeb turamıbız?do we keep swaying? | sizseŋkildeb turamısız?do you all keep swaying? | alaseŋkildeb turamıdıla?do they keep swaying? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menseŋkildeb turmaymamı? seŋkildeb turmaymıma?don't I keep swaying? | senseŋkildeb turmaymısa?don't you keep swaying? | olseŋkildeb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep swaying? | bizseŋkildeb turmaybızmı? seŋkildeb turmaymıbız?don't we keep swaying? | sizseŋkildeb turmaymısız?don't you all keep swaying? | alaseŋkildeb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep swaying? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menseŋkildey turamaI am in the middle of swaying | senseŋkildey turasayou are in the middle of swaying | olseŋkildey turadıhe is in the middle of swaying | bizseŋkildey turabızwe are in the middle of swaying | sizseŋkildey turasızyou all are in the middle of swaying | alaseŋkildey turadılathey are in the middle of swaying |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menseŋkildey turmaymaI am not in the middle of swaying | senseŋkildey turmaysayou are not in the middle of swaying | olseŋkildey turmaydıhe is not in the middle of swaying | bizseŋkildey turmaybızwe are not in the middle of swaying | sizseŋkildey turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of swaying | alaseŋkildey turmaydılathey are not in the middle of swaying |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menseŋkildey turamamı? seŋkildey turamıma?am I in the middle of swaying? | senseŋkildey turamısa?are you in the middle of swaying? | olseŋkildey turamıdı?is he in the middle of swaying? | bizseŋkildey turabızmı? seŋkildey turamıbız?are we in the middle of swaying? | sizseŋkildey turamısız?are you all in the middle of swaying? | alaseŋkildey turamıdıla?are they in the middle of swaying? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menseŋkildey turmaymamı? seŋkildey turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of swaying? | senseŋkildey turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of swaying? | olseŋkildey turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of swaying? | bizseŋkildey turmaybızmı? seŋkildey turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of swaying? | sizseŋkildey turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of swaying? | alaseŋkildey turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of swaying? |
| Simple past (definite) | menseŋkildedimI swayed | senseŋkildediŋyou swayed | olseŋkildedihe swayed | bizseŋkildedikwe swayed | sizseŋkildedigizyou all swayed | alaseŋkildedilethey swayed |
| Simple past (definite) | menseŋkildemedimI didn't sway | senseŋkildemediŋyou didn't sway | olseŋkildemedihe didn't sway | bizseŋkildemedikwe didn't sway | sizseŋkildemedigizyou all didn't sway | alaseŋkildemedilethey didn't sway |
| Simple past (definite) | menseŋkildedimmi?did I sway? | senseŋkildediŋmi?did you sway? | olseŋkildedimi?did he sway? | bizseŋkildedikmi?did we sway? | sizseŋkildedigizmi?did you all sway? | alaseŋkildedilemi?did they sway? |
| Simple past (definite) | menseŋkildemedimmi?didn't I sway? | senseŋkildemediŋmi?didn't you sway? | olseŋkildemedimi?didn't he sway? | bizseŋkildemedikmi?didn't we sway? | sizseŋkildemedigizmi?didn't you all sway? | alaseŋkildemedilemi?didn't they sway? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menseŋkildegenmeI have swayed | senseŋkildegenseyou have swayed | olseŋkildegendihe has swayed | bizseŋkildegenbizwe have swayed | sizseŋkildegensizyou all have swayed | alaseŋkildegendilethey have swayed |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menseŋkildemegenmeI haven't swayed | senseŋkildemegenseyou haven't swayed | olseŋkildemegendihe hasn't swayed | bizseŋkildemegenbizwe haven't swayed | sizseŋkildemegensizyou all haven't swayed | alaseŋkildemegendilethey haven't swayed |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menseŋkildegenmemi? seŋkildegenmime?have I swayed? | senseŋkildegenmise?have you swayed? | olseŋkildegenmidi?has he swayed? | bizseŋkildegenbizmi? seŋkildegenmibiz?have we swayed? | sizseŋkildegenmisiz?have you all swayed? | alaseŋkildegenmidile?have they swayed? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menseŋkildemegenmemi? seŋkildemegenmime?haven't I swayed? | senseŋkildemegenmise?haven't you swayed? | olseŋkildemegenmidi?hasn't he swayed? | bizseŋkildemegenbizmi? seŋkildemegenmibiz?haven't we swayed? | sizseŋkildemegenmisiz?haven't you all swayed? | alaseŋkildemegenmidile?haven't they swayed? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menseŋkildeb turdumI kept swaying | senseŋkildeb turduŋyou kept swaying | olseŋkildeb turduhe kept swaying | bizseŋkildeb turduqwe kept swaying | sizseŋkildeb turduğuzyou all kept swaying | alaseŋkildeb turdulathey kept swaying |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menseŋkildeb turmadımI didn't keep swaying | senseŋkildeb turmadıŋyou didn't keep swaying | olseŋkildeb turmadıhe didn't keep swaying | bizseŋkildeb turmadıqwe didn't keep swaying | sizseŋkildeb turmadığızyou all didn't keep swaying | alaseŋkildeb turmadılathey didn't keep swaying |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menseŋkildermeI will sway | senseŋkilderseyou will sway | olseŋkilderhe will sway | bizseŋkilderbizwe will sway | sizseŋkildersizyou all will sway | alaseŋkilderlethey will sway |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menseŋkildemezmeI won't sway | senseŋkildemezseyou won't sway | olseŋkildemezhe won't sway | bizseŋkildemezbizwe won't sway | sizseŋkildemezsizyou all won't sway | alaseŋkildemezlethey won't sway |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menseŋkildermemi? seŋkildermime?will I sway? | senseŋkildermise?will you sway? | olseŋkildermi?will he sway? | bizseŋkilderbizmi? seŋkildermibiz?will we sway? | sizseŋkildermisiz?will you all sway? | alaseŋkilderlemi? seŋkildermile?will they sway? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menseŋkildemezmemi? seŋkildemezmime?won't I sway? | senseŋkildemezmise?won't you sway? | olseŋkildemezmi?won't he sway? | bizseŋkildemezbizmi? seŋkildemezmibiz?won't we sway? | sizseŋkildemezmisiz?won't you all sway? | alaseŋkildemezlemi? seŋkildemezmile?won't they sway? |
| Definite future (future II) | menseŋkilderikmeI am going to sway | senseŋkilderikseyou are going to sway | olseŋkilderikdihe is going to sway | bizseŋkilderikbizwe are going to sway | sizseŋkilderiksizyou all are going to sway | alaseŋkilderikdilethey are going to sway |
| Definite future (future II) | menseŋkilderik tülmeI am not going to sway | senseŋkilderik tülseyou are not going to sway | olseŋkilderik tüldühe is not going to sway | bizseŋkilderik tülbüzwe are not going to sway | sizseŋkilderik tülsüzyou all are not going to sway | alaseŋkilderik tüldülethey are not going to sway |
| Definite future (future II) | menseŋkilderikmemi? seŋkilderikmime?am I going to sway? | senseŋkilderikmise?are you going to sway? | olseŋkilderikmidi?is he going to sway? | bizseŋkilderikbizmi? seŋkilderikmibiz?are we going to sway? | sizseŋkilderikmisiz?are you all going to sway? | alaseŋkilderikmidile?are they going to sway? |
| Definite future (future II) | menseŋkilderik tülmüme?aren't I going to sway? | senseŋkilderik tülmüse?aren't you going to sway? | olseŋkilderik tülmüdü?isn't he going to sway? | bizseŋkilderik tülmübüz?aren't we going to sway? | sizseŋkilderik tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to sway? | alaseŋkilderik tülmüdüle?aren't they going to sway? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menseŋkildegen edimseŋkildegenemI had swayed | senseŋkildegen ediŋseŋkildegeneŋyou had swayed | olseŋkildegen ediseŋkildegenedhe had swayed | bizseŋkildegen edikseŋkildegenekwe had swayed | sizseŋkildegen edigizseŋkildegenegizyou all had swayed | alaseŋkildegen edileseŋkildegenellethey had swayed |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menseŋkildemegen edimseŋkildemegenemI hadn't swayed | senseŋkildemegen ediŋseŋkildemegeneŋyou hadn't swayed | olseŋkildemegen ediseŋkildemegenedhe hadn't swayed | bizseŋkildemegen edikseŋkildemegenekwe hadn't swayed | sizseŋkildemegen edigizseŋkildemegenegizyou all hadn't swayed | alaseŋkildemegen edileseŋkildemegenellethey hadn't swayed |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menseŋkildey edimseŋkildeyemI was swaying | senseŋkildey ediŋseŋkildeyeŋyou were swaying | olseŋkildey ediseŋkildeyedhe was swaying | bizseŋkildey edikseŋkildeyekwe were swaying | sizseŋkildey edigizseŋkildeyegizyou all were swaying | alaseŋkildey edileseŋkildeyellethey were swaying |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menseŋkildemey edimseŋkildemeyemI wasn't swaying | senseŋkildemey ediŋseŋkildemeyeŋyou weren't swaying | olseŋkildemey ediseŋkildemeyedhe wasn't swaying | bizseŋkildemey edikseŋkildemeyekwe weren't swaying | sizseŋkildemey edigizseŋkildemeyegizyou all weren't swaying | alaseŋkildemey edileseŋkildemeyellethey weren't swaying |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menseŋkildewçen edimseŋkildewçenemI used to sway | senseŋkildewçen ediŋseŋkildewçeneŋyou used to sway | olseŋkildewçen ediseŋkildewçenedhe used to sway | bizseŋkildewçen edikseŋkildewçenekwe used to sway | sizseŋkildewçen edigizseŋkildewçenegizyou all used to sway | alaseŋkildewçen edileseŋkildewçenellethey used to sway |
| Habitual past (used to) | menseŋkildemewçen edimseŋkildemewçenemI didn't use to sway | senseŋkildemewçen ediŋseŋkildemewçeneŋyou didn't use to sway | olseŋkildemewçen ediseŋkildemewçenedhe didn't use to sway | bizseŋkildemewçen edikseŋkildemewçenekwe didn't use to sway | sizseŋkildemewçen edigizseŋkildemewçenegizyou all didn't use to sway | alaseŋkildemewçen edileseŋkildemewçenellethey didn't use to sway |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olseŋkildeb edihe had swayed and remained so | alaseŋkildeb edilethey had swayed and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olseŋkildeb tül edihe hadn't swayed | alaseŋkildeb tül edilethey hadn't swayed | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menseŋkildeb tura edimseŋkildeb turaemI had kept swaying | senseŋkildeb tura ediŋseŋkildeb turaeŋyou had kept swaying | olseŋkildeb tura ediseŋkildeb turaedhe had kept swaying | bizseŋkildeb tura edikseŋkildeb turaekwe had kept swaying | sizseŋkildeb tura edigizseŋkildeb turaegizyou all had kept swaying | alaseŋkildeb tura edileseŋkildeb turaellethey had kept swaying |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menseŋkildeb turmay edimseŋkildeb turmayemI hadn't kept swaying | senseŋkildeb turmay ediŋseŋkildeb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept swaying | olseŋkildeb turmay ediseŋkildeb turmayedhe hadn't kept swaying | bizseŋkildeb turmay edikseŋkildeb turmayekwe hadn't kept swaying | sizseŋkildeb turmay edigizseŋkildeb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept swaying | alaseŋkildeb turmay edileseŋkildeb turmayellethey hadn't kept swaying |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menseŋkildey tura edimseŋkildey turaemI was in the middle of swaying | senseŋkildey tura ediŋseŋkildey turaeŋyou were in the middle of swaying | olseŋkildey tura ediseŋkildey turaedhe was in the middle of swaying | bizseŋkildey tura edikseŋkildey turaekwe were in the middle of swaying | sizseŋkildey tura edigizseŋkildey turaegizyou all were in the middle of swaying | alaseŋkildey tura edileseŋkildey turaellethey were in the middle of swaying |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menseŋkildey turmay edimseŋkildey turmayemI wasn't in the middle of swaying | senseŋkildey turmay ediŋseŋkildey turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of swaying | olseŋkildey turmay ediseŋkildey turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of swaying | bizseŋkildey turmay edikseŋkildey turmayekwe weren't in the middle of swaying | sizseŋkildey turmay edigizseŋkildey turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of swaying | alaseŋkildey turmay edileseŋkildey turmayellethey weren't in the middle of swaying |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menseŋkilder edimseŋkilder emI would sway | senseŋkilder ediŋseŋkilder eŋyou would sway | olseŋkilder ediseŋkilder edhe would sway | bizseŋkilder edikseŋkilder ekwe would sway | sizseŋkilder edigizseŋkilder egizyou all would sway | alaseŋkilder edileseŋkilder ellethey would sway |
| Conditional result (would) | menseŋkildemez edimseŋkildemez emI wouldn't sway | senseŋkildemez ediŋseŋkildemez eŋyou wouldn't sway | olseŋkildemez ediseŋkildemez edhe wouldn't sway | bizseŋkildemez edikseŋkildemez ekwe wouldn't sway | sizseŋkildemez edigizseŋkildemez egizyou all wouldn't sway | alaseŋkildemez edileseŋkildemez ellethey wouldn't sway |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menseŋkilderik edimseŋkilderik emI would have swayed | senseŋkilderik ediŋseŋkilderik eŋyou would have swayed | olseŋkilderik ediseŋkilderik edhe would have swayed | bizseŋkilderik edikseŋkilderik ekwe would have swayed | sizseŋkilderik edigizseŋkilderik egizyou all would have swayed | alaseŋkilderik edileseŋkilderik ellethey would have swayed |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menseŋkilderik tül edimseŋkilderik tül emI wouldn't have swayed | senseŋkilderik tül ediŋseŋkilderik tül eŋyou wouldn't have swayed | olseŋkilderik tül ediseŋkilderik tül edhe wouldn't have swayed | bizseŋkilderik tül edikseŋkilderik tül ekwe wouldn't have swayed | sizseŋkilderik tül edigizseŋkilderik tül egizyou all wouldn't have swayed | alaseŋkilderik tül edileseŋkilderik tül ellethey wouldn't have swayed |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menseŋkildesemif I sway | senseŋkildeseŋif you sway | olseŋkildeseif he sways | bizseŋkildesekif we sway | sizseŋkildesegizif you all sway | alaseŋkildeseleif they sway |
| Conditional | menseŋkildemesemif I don't sway | senseŋkildemeseŋif you don't sway | olseŋkildemeseif he doesn't sway | bizseŋkildemesekif we don't sway | sizseŋkildemesegizif you all don't sway | alaseŋkildemeseleif they don't sway |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menseŋkildey esemif I am swaying | senseŋkildey eseŋif you are swaying | olseŋkildey eseif he is swaying | bizseŋkildey esekif we are swaying | sizseŋkildey esegizif you all are swaying | alaseŋkildey eseleif they are swaying |
| Conditional, present real | menseŋkildemey esemif I am not swaying | senseŋkildemey eseŋif you are not swaying | olseŋkildemey eseif he is not swaying | bizseŋkildemey esekif we are not swaying | sizseŋkildemey esegizif you all are not swaying | alaseŋkildemey eseleif they are not swaying |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menseŋkildesem ediseŋkildesem edif only I swayed | senseŋkildeseŋ ediseŋkildeseŋ edif only you swayed | olseŋkildese ediseŋkildesedif only he swayed | bizseŋkildesek ediseŋkildesek edif only we swayed | sizseŋkildesegiz ediseŋkildesegiz edif only you all swayed | alaseŋkildesele ediseŋkildeseledif only they swayed |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menseŋkildemesem ediseŋkildemesem edif only I didn't sway | senseŋkildemeseŋ ediseŋkildemeseŋ edif only you didn't sway | olseŋkildemese ediseŋkildemesedif only he didn't sway | bizseŋkildemesek ediseŋkildemesek edif only we didn't sway | sizseŋkildemesegiz ediseŋkildemesegiz edif only you all didn't sway | alaseŋkildemesele ediseŋkildemeseledif only they didn't sway |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menseŋkildeb tursamif I carry on swaying | senseŋkildeb tursaŋif you carry on swaying | olseŋkildeb tursaif he carries on swaying | bizseŋkildeb tursaqif we carry on swaying | sizseŋkildeb tursağızif you all carry on swaying | alaseŋkildeb tursalaif they carry on swaying |
| Durative conditional | menseŋkildeb turmasamif I don't carry on swaying | senseŋkildeb turmasaŋif you don't carry on swaying | olseŋkildeb turmasaif he doesn't carry on swaying | bizseŋkildeb turmasaqif we don't carry on swaying | sizseŋkildeb turmasağızif you all don't carry on swaying | alaseŋkildeb turmasalaif they don't carry on swaying |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menseŋkildeb tura esemif I have kept swaying | senseŋkildeb tura eseŋif you have kept swaying | olseŋkildeb tura eseif he has kept swaying | bizseŋkildeb tura esekif we have kept swaying | sizseŋkildeb tura esegizif you all have kept swaying | alaseŋkildeb tura eseleif they have kept swaying |
| Durative conditional, present real | menseŋkildeb turmay esemif I haven't kept swaying | senseŋkildeb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept swaying | olseŋkildeb turmay eseif he hasn't kept swaying | bizseŋkildeb turmay esekif we haven't kept swaying | sizseŋkildeb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept swaying | alaseŋkildeb turmay eseleif they haven't kept swaying |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menseŋkildey tursamif I keep swaying | senseŋkildey tursaŋif you keep swaying | olseŋkildey tursaif he keeps swaying | bizseŋkildey tursaqif we keep swaying | sizseŋkildey tursağızif you all keep swaying | alaseŋkildey tursalaif they keep swaying |
| Progressive conditional | menseŋkildemey tursamif I keep on not swaying | senseŋkildemey tursaŋif you keep on not swaying | olseŋkildemey tursaif he keeps on not swaying | bizseŋkildemey tursaqif we keep on not swaying | sizseŋkildemey tursağızif you all keep on not swaying | alaseŋkildemey tursalaif they keep on not swaying |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menseŋkildey tura esemif I am in the middle of swaying | senseŋkildey tura eseŋif you are in the middle of swaying | olseŋkildey tura eseif he is in the middle of swaying | bizseŋkildey tura esekif we are in the middle of swaying | sizseŋkildey tura esegizif you all are in the middle of swaying | alaseŋkildey tura eseleif they are in the middle of swaying |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menseŋkildemey tura esemif I keep on not swaying | senseŋkildemey tura eseŋif you keep on not swaying | olseŋkildemey tura eseif he keeps on not swaying | bizseŋkildemey tura esekif we keep on not swaying | sizseŋkildemey tura esegizif you all keep on not swaying | alaseŋkildemey tura eseleif they keep on not swaying |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menseŋkildedim esemif I swayed | senseŋkildediŋ eseŋif you swayed | olseŋkildedi eseif he swayed | bizseŋkildedik esekif we swayed | sizseŋkildedigiz esegizif you all swayed | alaseŋkildedile eseleif they swayed |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menseŋkildemedim esemif I didn't sway | senseŋkildemediŋ eseŋif you didn't sway | olseŋkildemedi eseif he didn't sway | bizseŋkildemedik esekif we didn't sway | sizseŋkildemedigiz esegizif you all didn't sway | alaseŋkildemedile eseleif they didn't sway |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menseŋkildegen esemif I did sway (indeed) | senseŋkildegen eseŋif you did sway (indeed) | olseŋkildegen eseif he did sway (indeed) | bizseŋkildegen esekif we did sway (indeed) | sizseŋkildegen esegizif you all did sway (indeed) | alaseŋkildegen eseleif they did sway (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menseŋkildemegen esemif I didn't sway (indeed) | senseŋkildemegen eseŋif you didn't sway (indeed) | olseŋkildemegen eseif he didn't sway (indeed) | bizseŋkildemegen esekif we didn't sway (indeed) | sizseŋkildemegen esegizif you all didn't sway (indeed) | alaseŋkildemegen eseleif they didn't sway (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menseŋkildegen bolsamif I had swayed | senseŋkildegen bolsaŋif you had swayed | olseŋkildegen bolsaif he had swayed | bizseŋkildegen bolsaqif we had swayed | sizseŋkildegen bolsağızif you all had swayed | alaseŋkildegen bolsalaif they had swayed |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menseŋkildemegen bolsamif I hadn't swayed | senseŋkildemegen bolsaŋif you hadn't swayed | olseŋkildemegen bolsaif he hadn't swayed | bizseŋkildemegen bolsaqif we hadn't swayed | sizseŋkildemegen bolsağızif you all hadn't swayed | alaseŋkildemegen bolsalaif they hadn't swayed |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menseŋkildegen bolsam ediseŋkildegen bolsam edif only I had swayed | senseŋkildegen bolsaŋ ediseŋkildegen bolsaŋ edif only you had swayed | olseŋkildegen bolsa ediseŋkildegen bolsaedif only he had swayed | bizseŋkildegen bolsaq ediseŋkildegen bolsaq edif only we had swayed | sizseŋkildegen bolsağız ediseŋkildegen bolsağız edif only you all had swayed | alaseŋkildegen bolsala ediseŋkildegen bolsalaedif only they had swayed |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menseŋkildemegen bolsam ediseŋkildemegen bolsam edif only I hadn't swayed | senseŋkildemegen bolsaŋ ediseŋkildemegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't swayed | olseŋkildemegen bolsa ediseŋkildemegen bolsaedif only he hadn't swayed | bizseŋkildemegen bolsaq ediseŋkildemegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't swayed | sizseŋkildemegen bolsağız ediseŋkildemegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't swayed | alaseŋkildemegen bolsala ediseŋkildemegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't swayed |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menseŋkilder esemif I will sway | senseŋkilder eseŋif you will sway | olseŋkilder eseif he will sway | bizseŋkilder esekif we will sway | sizseŋkilder esegizif you all will sway | alaseŋkilder eseleif they will sway |
| Conditional, aorist | menseŋkildemez esemif I won't sway | senseŋkildemez eseŋif you won't sway | olseŋkildemez eseif he won't sway | bizseŋkildemez esekif we won't sway | sizseŋkildemez esegizif you all won't sway | alaseŋkildemez eseleif they won't sway |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menseŋkilderik esemif I am going to sway | senseŋkilderik eseŋif you are going to sway | olseŋkilderik eseif he is going to sway | bizseŋkilderik esekif we are going to sway | sizseŋkilderik esegizif you all are going to sway | alaseŋkilderik eseleif they are going to sway |
| Conditional, future | menseŋkilderik tül esemif I am not going to sway | senseŋkilderik tül eseŋif you are not going to sway | olseŋkilderik tül eseif he is not going to sway | bizseŋkilderik tül esekif we are not going to sway | sizseŋkilderik tül esegizif you all are not going to sway | alaseŋkilderik tül eseleif they are not going to sway |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menseŋkilderik bolsamif I were going to sway | senseŋkilderik bolsaŋif you were going to sway | olseŋkilderik bolsaif he were going to sway | bizseŋkilderik bolsaqif we were going to sway | sizseŋkilderik bolsağızif you all were going to sway | alaseŋkilderik bolsalaif they were going to sway |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menseŋkildemezlik bolsamif I were not going to sway | senseŋkildemezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to sway | olseŋkildemezlik bolsaif he were not going to sway | bizseŋkildemezlik bolsaqif we were not going to sway | sizseŋkildemezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to sway | alaseŋkildemezlik bolsalaif they were not going to sway |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso seŋkildediŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menseŋkildey bolurmaI must be swaying | senseŋkildey bolursayou must be swaying | olseŋkildey bolurhe must be swaying | bizseŋkildey bolurbuzwe must be swaying | sizseŋkildey bolursuzyou all must be swaying | alaseŋkildey bolurlathey must be swaying |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menseŋkildemey bolurmaI must not be swaying | senseŋkildemey bolursayou must not be swaying | olseŋkildemey bolurhe must not be swaying | bizseŋkildemey bolurbuzwe must not be swaying | sizseŋkildemey bolursuzyou all must not be swaying | alaseŋkildemey bolurlathey must not be swaying |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menseŋkildey tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of swaying | senseŋkildey tura bolursayou must be in the middle of swaying | olseŋkildey tura bolurhe must be in the middle of swaying | bizseŋkildey tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of swaying | sizseŋkildey tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of swaying | alaseŋkildey tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of swaying |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menseŋkildemey tura bolurmaI must keep on not swaying | senseŋkildemey tura bolursayou must keep on not swaying | olseŋkildemey tura bolurhe must keep on not swaying | bizseŋkildemey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not swaying | sizseŋkildemey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not swaying | alaseŋkildemey tura bolurlathey must keep on not swaying |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menseŋkildegen bolurmaI must have swayed | senseŋkildegen bolursayou must have swayed | olseŋkildegen bolurhe must have swayed | bizseŋkildegen bolurbuzwe must have swayed | sizseŋkildegen bolursuzyou all must have swayed | alaseŋkildegen bolurlathey must have swayed |
| Inference (must have) | menseŋkildemegen bolurmaI must not have swayed | senseŋkildemegen bolursayou must not have swayed | olseŋkildemegen bolurhe must not have swayed | bizseŋkildemegen bolurbuzwe must not have swayed | sizseŋkildemegen bolursuzyou all must not have swayed | alaseŋkildemegen bolurlathey must not have swayed |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menseŋkilderik bolurmaI must be going to sway | senseŋkilderik bolursayou must be going to sway | olseŋkilderik bolurhe must be going to sway | bizseŋkilderik bolurbuzwe must be going to sway | sizseŋkilderik bolursuzyou all must be going to sway | alaseŋkilderik bolurlathey must be going to sway |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menseŋkildemezlik bolurmaI must not be going to sway | senseŋkildemezlik bolursayou must not be going to sway | olseŋkildemezlik bolurhe must not be going to sway | bizseŋkildemezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to sway | sizseŋkildemezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to sway | alaseŋkildemezlik bolurlathey must not be going to sway |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menseŋkildeyimlet me sway | senseŋkilde!sway! | olseŋkildesinlet him sway | bizseŋkildeyiklet's sway | sizseŋkildegiz!sway, you all! | alaseŋkildesinlelet them sway |
| Commands & suggestions | menseŋkildemeyimlet me not sway | senseŋkildeme!don't sway! | olseŋkildemesinlet him not sway | bizseŋkildemeyiklet's not sway | sizseŋkildemegiz!don't sway, you all! | alaseŋkildemesinlelet them not sway |
| Commands & suggestions | menseŋkildeyimmi?shall I sway? | olseŋkildesinmi?should he sway? | bizseŋkildeyikmi?shall we sway? | alaseŋkildesinlemi?should they sway? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menseŋkildemeyimmi?shall I not sway? | olseŋkildemesinmi?should he not sway? | bizseŋkildemeyikmi?shall we not sway? | alaseŋkildemesinlemi?should they not sway? | ||
| Requests | senseŋkildeçi2seŋkildeçinplease sway | olseŋkildesinçido let him sway | sizseŋkildeçigizplease sway (plural/polite) | alaseŋkildesinleçido let them sway | ||
| Requests | senseŋkildemeçi2seŋkildemeçinplease don't sway | olseŋkildemesinçido let him not sway | sizseŋkildemeçigizplease don't sway (plural/polite) | alaseŋkildemesinleçido let them not sway | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senseŋkildeginseŋkildegimay you sway | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senseŋkildemeginseŋkildemegimay you not sway | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menseŋkildegey edim seŋkildege edimwould that I swayed | senseŋkildegey ediŋ seŋkildege ediŋwould that you swayed | olseŋkildegey edi seŋkildege ediwould that he swayed | bizseŋkildegey edik seŋkildege edikwould that we swayed | sizseŋkildegey edigiz seŋkildege edigizwould that you all swayed | alaseŋkildegey edile seŋkildege edilewould that they swayed |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menseŋkildemegey edim seŋkildemege edimwould that I did not sway | senseŋkildemegey ediŋ seŋkildemege ediŋwould that you did not sway | olseŋkildemegey edi seŋkildemege ediwould that he did not sway | bizseŋkildemegey edik seŋkildemege edikwould that we did not sway | sizseŋkildemegey edigiz seŋkildemege edigizwould that you all did not sway | alaseŋkildemegey edile seŋkildemege edilewould that they did not sway |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menseŋkildemege qoyayımseŋkildeme qoyayımlet me allow someone to sway | senseŋkildemege qoy!seŋkildeme qoy!let someone sway! | olseŋkildemege qoysunseŋkildeme qoysunlet him allow someone to sway | bizseŋkildemege qoyayıqseŋkildeme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to sway | sizseŋkildemege qoyuğuz!seŋkildeme qoyuğuz!let someone sway, you all! | alaseŋkildemege qoysunlaseŋkildeme qoysunlalet them allow someone to sway |
| Let someone… (commands) | menseŋkildemege qoymayımseŋkildeme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to sway | senseŋkildemege qoyma!seŋkildeme qoyma!don't let someone sway! | olseŋkildemege qoymasınseŋkildeme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to sway | bizseŋkildemege qoymayıqseŋkildeme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to sway | sizseŋkildemege qoymağız!seŋkildeme qoymağız!don't let someone sway, you all! | alaseŋkildemege qoymasınlaseŋkildeme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to sway |
| Let someone… (commands) | menseŋkildemege qoyayımmı?seŋkildeme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to sway? | olseŋkildemege qoysunmu?seŋkildeme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to sway? | bizseŋkildemege qoyayıqmı?seŋkildeme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to sway? | alaseŋkildemege qoysunlamı?seŋkildeme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to sway? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menseŋkildemege qoymayımmı?seŋkildeme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to sway? | olseŋkildemege qoymasınmı?seŋkildeme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to sway? | bizseŋkildemege qoymayıqmı?seŋkildeme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to sway? | alaseŋkildemege qoymasınlamı?seŋkildeme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to sway? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menseŋkildemege qoyamaseŋkildeme qoyamaI allow someone to sway | senseŋkildemege qoyasaseŋkildeme qoyasayou allow someone to sway | olseŋkildemege qoyadıseŋkildeme qoyadıhe allows someone to sway | bizseŋkildemege qoyabızseŋkildeme qoyabızwe allow someone to sway | sizseŋkildemege qoyasızseŋkildeme qoyasızyou all allow someone to sway | alaseŋkildemege qoyadılaseŋkildeme qoyadılathey allow someone to sway |
| Let someone… (present) | menseŋkildemege qoymaymaseŋkildeme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to sway | senseŋkildemege qoymaysaseŋkildeme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to sway | olseŋkildemege qoymaydıseŋkildeme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to sway | bizseŋkildemege qoymaybızseŋkildeme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to sway | sizseŋkildemege qoymaysızseŋkildeme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to sway | alaseŋkildemege qoymaydılaseŋkildeme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to sway |
| Let someone… (present) | menseŋkildemege qoyamamı?seŋkildeme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to sway? | senseŋkildemege qoyamısa?seŋkildeme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to sway? | olseŋkildemege qoyamıdı?seŋkildeme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to sway? | bizseŋkildemege qoyabızmı?seŋkildeme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to sway? | sizseŋkildemege qoyamısız?seŋkildeme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to sway? | alaseŋkildemege qoyamıdıla?seŋkildeme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to sway? |
| Let someone… (present) | menseŋkildemege qoymaymamı?seŋkildeme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to sway? | senseŋkildemege qoymaymısa?seŋkildeme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to sway? | olseŋkildemege qoymaymıdı?seŋkildeme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to sway? | bizseŋkildemege qoymaybızmı?seŋkildeme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to sway? | sizseŋkildemege qoymaymısız?seŋkildeme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to sway? | alaseŋkildemege qoymaymıdıla?seŋkildeme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to sway? |
| Let someone… (past) | menseŋkildemege qoydumseŋkildeme qoydumI allowed someone to sway | senseŋkildemege qoyduŋseŋkildeme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to sway | olseŋkildemege qoyduseŋkildeme qoyduhe allowed someone to sway | bizseŋkildemege qoyduqseŋkildeme qoyduqwe allowed someone to sway | sizseŋkildemege qoyduğuzseŋkildeme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to sway | alaseŋkildemege qoydulaseŋkildeme qoydulathey allowed someone to sway |
| Let someone… (past) | menseŋkildemege qoymadımseŋkildeme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to sway | senseŋkildemege qoymadıŋseŋkildeme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to sway | olseŋkildemege qoymadıseŋkildeme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to sway | bizseŋkildemege qoymadıqseŋkildeme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to sway | sizseŋkildemege qoymadığızseŋkildeme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to sway | alaseŋkildemege qoymadılaseŋkildeme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to sway |
| Let someone… (past) | menseŋkildemege qoydummu?seŋkildeme qoydummu?did I allow someone to sway? | senseŋkildemege qoyduŋmu?seŋkildeme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to sway? | olseŋkildemege qoydumu?seŋkildeme qoydumu?did he allow someone to sway? | bizseŋkildemege qoyduqmu?seŋkildeme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to sway? | sizseŋkildemege qoyduğuzmu?seŋkildeme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to sway? | alaseŋkildemege qoydulamı?seŋkildeme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to sway? |
| Let someone… (past) | menseŋkildemege qoymadımmı?seŋkildeme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to sway? | senseŋkildemege qoymadıŋmı?seŋkildeme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to sway? | olseŋkildemege qoymadımı?seŋkildeme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to sway? | bizseŋkildemege qoymadıqmı?seŋkildeme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to sway? | sizseŋkildemege qoymadığızmı?seŋkildeme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to sway? | alaseŋkildemege qoymadılamı?seŋkildeme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to sway? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menseŋkildeyalamaI can sway | senseŋkildeyalasayou can sway | olseŋkildeyaladıhe can sway | bizseŋkildeyalabızwe can sway | sizseŋkildeyalasızyou all can sway | alaseŋkildeyaladılathey can sway |
| Ability — present | menseŋkildeyalmaymaI can't sway | senseŋkildeyalmaysayou can't sway | olseŋkildeyalmaydıhe can't sway | bizseŋkildeyalmaybızwe can't sway | sizseŋkildeyalmaysızyou all can't sway | alaseŋkildeyalmaydılathey can't sway |
| Ability — present | menseŋkildeyalamamı? seŋkildeyalamıma?can I sway? | senseŋkildeyalamısa?can you sway? | olseŋkildeyalamıdı?can he sway? | bizseŋkildeyalabızmı? seŋkildeyalamıbız?can we sway? | sizseŋkildeyalamısız?can you all sway? | alaseŋkildeyalamıdıla?can they sway? |
| Ability — present | menseŋkildeyalmaymamı? seŋkildeyalmaymıma?can't I sway? | senseŋkildeyalmaymısa?can't you sway? | olseŋkildeyalmaymıdı?can't he sway? | bizseŋkildeyalmaybızmı? seŋkildeyalmaymıbız?can't we sway? | sizseŋkildeyalmaymısız?can't you all sway? | alaseŋkildeyalmaymıdıla?can't they sway? |
| Ability — if I can… | menseŋkildeyalsamif I can sway | senseŋkildeyalsaŋif you can sway | olseŋkildeyalsaif he can sway | bizseŋkildeyalsaqif we can sway | sizseŋkildeyalsağızif you all can sway | alaseŋkildeyalsalaif they can sway |
| Ability — if I can… | menseŋkildeyalmasamif I can't sway | senseŋkildeyalmasaŋif you can't sway | olseŋkildeyalmasaif he can't sway | bizseŋkildeyalmasaqif we can't sway | sizseŋkildeyalmasağızif you all can't sway | alaseŋkildeyalmasalaif they can't sway |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menseŋkildeyaldımI was able to sway | senseŋkildeyaldıŋyou were able to sway | olseŋkildeyaldıhe was able to sway | bizseŋkildeyaldıqwe were able to sway | sizseŋkildeyaldığızyou all were able to sway | alaseŋkildeyaldılathey were able to sway |
| Ability — simple past | menseŋkildeyalmadımI could not sway | senseŋkildeyalmadıŋyou could not sway | olseŋkildeyalmadıhe could not sway | bizseŋkildeyalmadıqwe could not sway | sizseŋkildeyalmadığızyou all could not sway | alaseŋkildeyalmadılathey could not sway |
| Ability — simple past | menseŋkildeyaldımmı?was I able to sway? | senseŋkildeyaldıŋmı?were you able to sway? | olseŋkildeyaldımı?was he able to sway? | bizseŋkildeyaldıqmı?were we able to sway? | sizseŋkildeyaldığızmı?were you all able to sway? | alaseŋkildeyaldılamı?were they able to sway? |
| Ability — simple past | menseŋkildeyalmadımmı?couldn't I sway? | senseŋkildeyalmadıŋmı?couldn't you sway? | olseŋkildeyalmadımı?couldn't he sway? | bizseŋkildeyalmadıqmı?couldn't we sway? | sizseŋkildeyalmadığızmı?couldn't you all sway? | alaseŋkildeyalmadılamı?couldn't they sway? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menseŋkildeyalğanmaI have been able to sway | senseŋkildeyalğansayou have been able to sway | olseŋkildeyalğandıhe has been able to sway | bizseŋkildeyalğanbızwe have been able to sway | sizseŋkildeyalğansızyou all have been able to sway | alaseŋkildeyalğandılathey have been able to sway |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menseŋkildeyalmağanmaI haven't been able to sway | senseŋkildeyalmağansayou haven't been able to sway | olseŋkildeyalmağandıhe hasn't been able to sway | bizseŋkildeyalmağanbızwe haven't been able to sway | sizseŋkildeyalmağansızyou all haven't been able to sway | alaseŋkildeyalmağandılathey haven't been able to sway |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menseŋkildeyalğanmamı? seŋkildeyalğanmıma?have I been able to sway? | senseŋkildeyalğanmısa?have you been able to sway? | olseŋkildeyalğanmıdı?has he been able to sway? | bizseŋkildeyalğanbızmı? seŋkildeyalğanmıbız?have we been able to sway? | sizseŋkildeyalğanmısız?have you all been able to sway? | alaseŋkildeyalğanmıdıla?have they been able to sway? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menseŋkildeyalmağanmamı? seŋkildeyalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to sway? | senseŋkildeyalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to sway? | olseŋkildeyalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to sway? | bizseŋkildeyalmağanbızmı? seŋkildeyalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to sway? | sizseŋkildeyalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to sway? | alaseŋkildeyalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to sway? |
| Ability — past perfect | menseŋkildeyalğan edimseŋkildeyalğanemI had been able to sway | senseŋkildeyalğan ediŋseŋkildeyalğaneŋyou had been able to sway | olseŋkildeyalğan ediseŋkildeyalğanedhe had been able to sway | bizseŋkildeyalğan edikseŋkildeyalğanekwe had been able to sway | sizseŋkildeyalğan edigizseŋkildeyalğanegizyou all had been able to sway | alaseŋkildeyalğan edileseŋkildeyalğanellethey had been able to sway |
| Ability — past perfect | menseŋkildeyalmağan edimseŋkildeyalmağanemI hadn't been able to sway | senseŋkildeyalmağan ediŋseŋkildeyalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to sway | olseŋkildeyalmağan ediseŋkildeyalmağanedhe hadn't been able to sway | bizseŋkildeyalmağan edikseŋkildeyalmağanekwe hadn't been able to sway | sizseŋkildeyalmağan edigizseŋkildeyalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to sway | alaseŋkildeyalmağan edileseŋkildeyalmağanellethey hadn't been able to sway |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menseŋkildeyala edimseŋkildeyalaemI could sway | senseŋkildeyala ediŋseŋkildeyalaeŋyou could sway | olseŋkildeyala ediseŋkildeyalaedhe could sway | bizseŋkildeyala edikseŋkildeyalaekwe could sway | sizseŋkildeyala edigizseŋkildeyalaegizyou all could sway | alaseŋkildeyala edileseŋkildeyalaellethey could sway |
| Ability — past background | menseŋkildeyalmay edimseŋkildeyalmayemI could not sway | senseŋkildeyalmay ediŋseŋkildeyalmayeŋyou could not sway | olseŋkildeyalmay ediseŋkildeyalmayedhe could not sway | bizseŋkildeyalmay edikseŋkildeyalmayekwe could not sway | sizseŋkildeyalmay edigizseŋkildeyalmayegizyou all could not sway | alaseŋkildeyalmay edileseŋkildeyalmayellethey could not sway |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menseŋkildeyalırmaI will be able to sway | senseŋkildeyalırsayou will be able to sway | olseŋkildeyalırhe will be able to sway | bizseŋkildeyalırbızwe will be able to sway | sizseŋkildeyalırsızyou all will be able to sway | alaseŋkildeyalırlathey will be able to sway |
| Ability — future I | menseŋkildeyalmazmaI won't be able to sway | senseŋkildeyalmazsayou won't be able to sway | olseŋkildeyalmazhe won't be able to sway | bizseŋkildeyalmazbızwe won't be able to sway | sizseŋkildeyalmazsızyou all won't be able to sway | alaseŋkildeyalmazlathey won't be able to sway |
| Ability — future I | menseŋkildeyalırmamı? seŋkildeyalırmıma?will I be able to sway? | senseŋkildeyalırmısa?will you be able to sway? | olseŋkildeyalırmı?will he be able to sway? | bizseŋkildeyalırbızmı? seŋkildeyalırmıbız?will we be able to sway? | sizseŋkildeyalırmısız?will you all be able to sway? | alaseŋkildeyalırlamı? seŋkildeyalırmıla?will they be able to sway? |
| Ability — future I | menseŋkildeyalmazmamı? seŋkildeyalmazmıma?won't I be able to sway? | senseŋkildeyalmazmısa?won't you be able to sway? | olseŋkildeyalmazmı?won't he be able to sway? | bizseŋkildeyalmazbızmı? seŋkildeyalmazmıbız?won't we be able to sway? | sizseŋkildeyalmazmısız?won't you all be able to sway? | alaseŋkildeyalmazlamı? seŋkildeyalmazmıla?won't they be able to sway? |
| Ability — future II | menseŋkildeyallıqmaI am going to be able to sway | senseŋkildeyallıqsayou are going to be able to sway | olseŋkildeyallıqdıhe is going to be able to sway | bizseŋkildeyallıqbızwe are going to be able to sway | sizseŋkildeyallıqsızyou all are going to be able to sway | alaseŋkildeyallıqdılathey are going to be able to sway |
| Ability — future II | menseŋkildeyallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to sway | senseŋkildeyallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to sway | olseŋkildeyallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to sway | bizseŋkildeyallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to sway | sizseŋkildeyallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to sway | alaseŋkildeyallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to sway |
| Ability — future II | menseŋkildeyallıqmamı? seŋkildeyallıqmıma?am I going to be able to sway? | senseŋkildeyallıqmısa?are you going to be able to sway? | olseŋkildeyallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to sway? | bizseŋkildeyallıqbızmı? seŋkildeyallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to sway? | sizseŋkildeyallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to sway? | alaseŋkildeyallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to sway? |
| Ability — future II | menseŋkildeyallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to sway? | senseŋkildeyallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to sway? | olseŋkildeyallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to sway? | bizseŋkildeyallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to sway? | sizseŋkildeyallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to sway? | alaseŋkildeyallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to sway? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menseŋkildeyalır edimseŋkildeyalır emI would be able to sway | senseŋkildeyalır ediŋseŋkildeyalır eŋyou would be able to sway | olseŋkildeyalır ediseŋkildeyalır edhe would be able to sway | bizseŋkildeyalır edikseŋkildeyalır ekwe would be able to sway | sizseŋkildeyalır edigizseŋkildeyalır egizyou all would be able to sway | alaseŋkildeyalır edileseŋkildeyalır ellethey would be able to sway |
| Ability — would be able to… | menseŋkildeyalmaz edimseŋkildeyalmaz emI wouldn't be able to sway | senseŋkildeyalmaz ediŋseŋkildeyalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to sway | olseŋkildeyalmaz ediseŋkildeyalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to sway | bizseŋkildeyalmaz edikseŋkildeyalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to sway | sizseŋkildeyalmaz edigizseŋkildeyalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to sway | alaseŋkildeyalmaz edileseŋkildeyalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to sway |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senseŋkildeyalğınseŋkildeyalğımay you be able to sway | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senseŋkildeyalmağınseŋkildeyalmağımay you not be able to sway | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menseŋkilderge izleymeI want to sway | senseŋkilderge izleyseyou want to sway | olseŋkilderge izleydihe wants to sway | bizseŋkilderge izleybizwe want to sway | sizseŋkilderge izleysizyou all want to sway | alaseŋkilderge izleydilethey want to sway |
| want to | menseŋkilderge izlemeymeI do not want to sway | senseŋkilderge izlemeyseyou do not want to sway | olseŋkilderge izlemeydihe does not want to sway | bizseŋkilderge izlemeybizwe do not want to sway | sizseŋkilderge izlemeysizyou all do not want to sway | alaseŋkilderge izlemeydilethey do not want to sway |
| would like to | menseŋkilderge süemeI would like to sway | senseŋkilderge süeseyou would like to sway | olseŋkilderge süedihe would like to sway | bizseŋkilderge süebizwe would like to sway | sizseŋkilderge süesizyou all would like to sway | alaseŋkilderge süedilethey would like to sway |
| would like to | menseŋkilderge süymeymeI would not like to sway | senseŋkilderge süymeyseyou would not like to sway | olseŋkilderge süymeydihe would not like to sway | bizseŋkilderge süymeybizwe would not like to sway | sizseŋkilderge süymeysizyou all would not like to sway | alaseŋkilderge süymeydilethey would not like to sway |
| hope to | menseŋkilderge umutlanamaI hope to sway | senseŋkilderge umutlanasayou hope to sway | olseŋkilderge umutlanadıhe hopes to sway | bizseŋkilderge umutlanabızwe hope to sway | sizseŋkilderge umutlanasızyou all hope to sway | alaseŋkilderge umutlanadılathey hope to sway |
| hope to | menseŋkilderge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to sway | senseŋkilderge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to sway | olseŋkilderge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to sway | bizseŋkilderge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to sway | sizseŋkilderge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to sway | alaseŋkilderge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to sway |
| be about to | menseŋkilderge deb turamaI am about to sway | senseŋkilderge deb turasayou are about to sway | olseŋkilderge deb turadıhe is about to sway | bizseŋkilderge deb turabızwe are about to sway | sizseŋkilderge deb turasızyou all are about to sway | alaseŋkilderge deb turadılathey are about to sway |
| be about to | menseŋkilderge deb turmaymaI am not about to sway | senseŋkilderge deb turmaysayou are not about to sway | olseŋkilderge deb turmaydıhe is not about to sway | bizseŋkilderge deb turmaybızwe are not about to sway | sizseŋkilderge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to sway | alaseŋkilderge deb turmaydılathey are not about to sway |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menseŋkilderge kerekmeI need to sway | senseŋkilderge kerekseyou need to sway | olseŋkilderge kerekdihe needs to sway | bizseŋkilderge kerekbizwe need to sway | sizseŋkilderge kereksizyou all need to sway | alaseŋkilderge kerekdilethey need to sway |
| need to | menseŋkilderge kerek tülmeI do not need to sway | senseŋkilderge kerek tülseyou do not need to sway | olseŋkilderge kerek tüldühe does not need to sway | bizseŋkilderge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to sway | sizseŋkilderge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to sway | alaseŋkilderge kerek tüldülethey do not need to sway |
| have to | menmenŋe seŋkilderge tüşediI have to sway | sensenŋe seŋkilderge tüşediyou have to sway | olaŋa seŋkilderge tüşedihe has to sway | bizbizge seŋkilderge tüşediwe have to sway | sizsizge seŋkilderge tüşediyou all have to sway | alaalağa seŋkilderge tüşedithey have to sway |
| have to | menmenŋe seŋkilderge tüşmeydiI do not have to sway | sensenŋe seŋkilderge tüşmeydiyou do not have to sway | olaŋa seŋkilderge tüşmeydihe does not have to sway | bizbizge seŋkilderge tüşmeydiwe do not have to sway | sizsizge seŋkilderge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to sway | alaalağa seŋkilderge tüşmeydithey do not have to sway |
| be obliged to | menseŋkilderge borçlumaI am obliged to sway | senseŋkilderge borçlusayou are obliged to sway | olseŋkilderge borçluduhe is obliged to sway | bizseŋkilderge borçlubuzwe are obliged to sway | sizseŋkilderge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to sway | alaseŋkilderge borçludulathey are obliged to sway |
| be obliged to | menseŋkilderge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to sway | senseŋkilderge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to sway | olseŋkilderge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to sway | bizseŋkilderge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to sway | sizseŋkilderge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to sway | alaseŋkilderge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to sway |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menseŋkilderge madarım bardıI have a way to sway | senseŋkilderge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to sway | olseŋkilderge madarı bardıhe has a way to sway | bizseŋkilderge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to sway | sizseŋkilderge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to sway | alaseŋkilderge madarları bardıthey have a way to sway |
| have a way to | menseŋkilderge madarım joqduI have no way to sway | senseŋkilderge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to sway | olseŋkilderge madarı joqduhe has no way to sway | bizseŋkilderge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to sway | sizseŋkilderge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to sway | alaseŋkilderge madarları joqduthey have no way to sway |
| be free to | menseŋkilderge erkinligim bardıI am free to sway | senseŋkilderge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to sway | olseŋkilderge erkinligi bardıhe is free to sway | bizseŋkilderge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to sway | sizseŋkilderge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to sway | alaseŋkilderge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to sway |
| be free to | menseŋkilderge erkinligim joqduI am not free to sway | senseŋkilderge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to sway | olseŋkilderge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to sway | bizseŋkilderge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to sway | sizseŋkilderge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to sway | alaseŋkilderge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to sway |
| be possible to | menmenŋe seŋkilderge bolluqduit is possible for me to sway | sensenŋe seŋkilderge bolluqduit is possible for you to sway | olaŋa seŋkilderge bolluqduit is possible for him to sway | bizbizge seŋkilderge bolluqduit is possible for us to sway | sizsizge seŋkilderge bolluqduit is possible for you all to sway | alaalağa seŋkilderge bolluqduit is possible for them to sway |
| be possible to | menmenŋe seŋkilderge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to sway | sensenŋe seŋkilderge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to sway | olaŋa seŋkilderge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to sway | bizbizge seŋkilderge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to sway | sizsizge seŋkilderge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to sway | alaalağa seŋkilderge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to sway |
| be ready to | menseŋkilderge hazırmaI am ready to sway | senseŋkilderge hazırsayou are ready to sway | olseŋkilderge hazırdıhe is ready to sway | bizseŋkilderge hazırbızwe are ready to sway | sizseŋkilderge hazırsızyou all are ready to sway | alaseŋkilderge hazırdılathey are ready to sway |
| be ready to | menseŋkilderge hazır tülmeI am not ready to sway | senseŋkilderge hazır tülseyou are not ready to sway | olseŋkilderge hazır tüldühe is not ready to sway | bizseŋkilderge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to sway | sizseŋkilderge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to sway | alaseŋkilderge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to sway |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menseŋkilderge küreşemeI am trying to sway | senseŋkilderge küreşeseyou are trying to sway | olseŋkilderge küreşedihe is trying to sway | bizseŋkilderge küreşebizwe are trying to sway | sizseŋkilderge küreşesizyou all are trying to sway | alaseŋkilderge küreşedilethey are trying to sway |
| try to | menseŋkilderge küreşmeymeI am not trying to sway | senseŋkilderge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to sway | olseŋkilderge küreşmeydihe is not trying to sway | bizseŋkilderge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to sway | sizseŋkilderge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to sway | alaseŋkilderge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to sway |
| agree to | menseŋkilderge unaymaI agree to sway | senseŋkilderge unaysayou agree to sway | olseŋkilderge unaydıhe agrees to sway | bizseŋkilderge unaybızwe agree to sway | sizseŋkilderge unaysızyou all agree to sway | alaseŋkilderge unaydılathey agree to sway |
| agree to | menseŋkilderge unamaymaI refuse to sway | senseŋkilderge unamaysayou refuse to sway | olseŋkilderge unamaydıhe refuses to sway | bizseŋkilderge unamaybızwe refuse to sway | sizseŋkilderge unamaysızyou all refuse to sway | alaseŋkilderge unamaydılathey refuse to sway |
| hurry to | menseŋkilderge aşığamaI am in a hurry to sway | senseŋkilderge aşığasayou are in a hurry to sway | olseŋkilderge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to sway | bizseŋkilderge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to sway | sizseŋkilderge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to sway | alaseŋkilderge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to sway |
| hurry to | menseŋkilderge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to sway | senseŋkilderge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to sway | olseŋkilderge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to sway | bizseŋkilderge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to sway | sizseŋkilderge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to sway | alaseŋkilderge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to sway |
| be afraid to | menseŋkilderge qorqamaI am afraid to sway | senseŋkilderge qorqasayou are afraid to sway | olseŋkilderge qorqadıhe is afraid to sway | bizseŋkilderge qorqabızwe are afraid to sway | sizseŋkilderge qorqasızyou all are afraid to sway | alaseŋkilderge qorqadılathey are afraid to sway |
| be afraid to | menseŋkilderge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to sway | senseŋkilderge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to sway | olseŋkilderge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to sway | bizseŋkilderge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to sway | sizseŋkilderge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to sway | alaseŋkilderge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to sway |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menseŋkildey bolmazmaI can't be swaying | senseŋkildey bolmazsayou can't be swaying | olseŋkildey bolmazhe can't be swaying | bizseŋkildey bolmazbızwe can't be swaying | sizseŋkildey bolmazsızyou all can't be swaying | alaseŋkildey bolmazlathey can't be swaying |
| Inference, present — double negation | menseŋkildemey bolmazmaI must be swaying (emphatic) | senseŋkildemey bolmazsayou must be swaying (emphatic) | olseŋkildemey bolmazhe must be swaying (emphatic) | bizseŋkildemey bolmazbızwe must be swaying (emphatic) | sizseŋkildemey bolmazsızyou all must be swaying (emphatic) | alaseŋkildemey bolmazlathey must be swaying (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menseŋkildey turmasamif I don't keep swaying | senseŋkildey turmasaŋif you don't keep swaying | olseŋkildey turmasaif he doesn't keep swaying | bizseŋkildey turmasaqif we don't keep swaying | sizseŋkildey turmasağızif you all don't keep swaying | alaseŋkildey turmasalaif they don't keep swaying |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menseŋkildey tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of swaying | senseŋkildey tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of swaying | olseŋkildey tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of swaying | bizseŋkildey tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of swaying | sizseŋkildey tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of swaying | alaseŋkildey tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of swaying |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menseŋkildemey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not swaying (emphatic) | senseŋkildemey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not swaying (emphatic) | olseŋkildemey tura bolmazhe must keep on not swaying (emphatic) | bizseŋkildemey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not swaying (emphatic) | sizseŋkildemey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not swaying (emphatic) | alaseŋkildemey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not swaying (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menseŋkildemey turamaI keep on not swaying | senseŋkildemey turasayou keep on not swaying | olseŋkildemey turadıhe keeps on not swaying | bizseŋkildemey turabızwe keep on not swaying | sizseŋkildemey turasızyou all keep on not swaying | alaseŋkildemey turadılathey keep on not swaying |
| Progressive — double negation | menseŋkildemey turmaymaI am not keeping on not swaying | senseŋkildemey turmaysayou are not keeping on not swaying | olseŋkildemey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not swaying | bizseŋkildemey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not swaying | sizseŋkildemey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not swaying | alaseŋkildemey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not swaying |
| Progressive — double negation | menseŋkildemey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not swaying? | senseŋkildemey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not swaying? | olseŋkildemey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not swaying? | bizseŋkildemey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not swaying? | sizseŋkildemey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not swaying? | alaseŋkildemey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not swaying? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menseŋkildegen bolmazmaI can't have swayed | senseŋkildegen bolmazsayou can't have swayed | olseŋkildegen bolmazhe can't have swayed | bizseŋkildegen bolmazbızwe can't have swayed | sizseŋkildegen bolmazsızyou all can't have swayed | alaseŋkildegen bolmazlathey can't have swayed |
| Inference — double negation | menseŋkildemegen bolmazmaI must have swayed (emphatic) | senseŋkildemegen bolmazsayou must have swayed (emphatic) | olseŋkildemegen bolmazhe must have swayed (emphatic) | bizseŋkildemegen bolmazbızwe must have swayed (emphatic) | sizseŋkildemegen bolmazsızyou all must have swayed (emphatic) | alaseŋkildemegen bolmazlathey must have swayed (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menseŋkildegen bolmasamif it weren't that I had swayed | senseŋkildegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had swayed | olseŋkildegen bolmasaif it weren't that he had swayed | bizseŋkildegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had swayed | sizseŋkildegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had swayed | alaseŋkildegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had swayed |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menseŋkildemegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't swayed | senseŋkildemegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't swayed | olseŋkildemegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't swayed | bizseŋkildemegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't swayed | sizseŋkildemegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't swayed | alaseŋkildemegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't swayed |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menseŋkilderik bolmazmaI can't be going to sway | senseŋkilderik bolmazsayou can't be going to sway | olseŋkilderik bolmazhe can't be going to sway | bizseŋkilderik bolmazbızwe can't be going to sway | sizseŋkilderik bolmazsızyou all can't be going to sway | alaseŋkilderik bolmazlathey can't be going to sway |
| Inference, future — double negation | menseŋkildemezlik bolmazmaI must be going to sway (emphatic) | senseŋkildemezlik bolmazsayou must be going to sway (emphatic) | olseŋkildemezlik bolmazhe must be going to sway (emphatic) | bizseŋkildemezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to sway (emphatic) | sizseŋkildemezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to sway (emphatic) | alaseŋkildemezlik bolmazlathey must be going to sway (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menseŋkilderik bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to sway | senseŋkilderik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to sway | olseŋkilderik bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to sway | bizseŋkilderik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to sway | sizseŋkilderik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to sway | alaseŋkilderik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to sway |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menseŋkildemezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to sway | senseŋkildemezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to sway | olseŋkildemezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to sway | bizseŋkildemezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to sway | sizseŋkildemezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to sway | alaseŋkildemezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to sway |