körünürge
/kørynyrɡe/
1. be visible, be seen, show
- kökde ay köründü — the moon appeared in the sky
- künnü közü köründü — the sun came out
- körünüb tururğa — to stay visible
- küzgüde körünürge — to be reflected in the mirror
- açıq körünmegen — barely visible
- körüne da taşaya tururğa — to keep appearing and vanishing
2. appear, show up, make an appearance
- közüme körünme — do not show yourself before my eyes
- köbden beri körünmeyse — you haven't shown up for a long time
- körünmeymise? — where have you been keeping yourself?
- adamlağa körünmezge — not to show oneself to people
- körünüb keterge — to show up and go away again
3. seem, look, strike one as
- ullu körünürge — to look big
- ol menden jaş körünedi — he looks younger than me
- alay körünedi — it seems so
- ol kelgença körünedi — he seems to have arrived
- ol seni közüŋe körünŋendi — that was something you imagined
4. be observed, be noticed, become evident
- birge ırazı bolmağan halları körünedi — their displeasure with each other is evident
- qıyınlıqlağa tüberge da hazırlıqları körünedi — their readiness to face even hardships is evident
- halq işi üçün küreşgenden körünedi — it is evident from its fighting for the people's cause
- körünmezça eterge — to make it impossible to notice
5. present oneself to, be seen by (a doctor)
- doktorğa körünürge — to see a doctor
- köz doktorğa köründü — he was seen by the eye doctor
- ataŋa körün — present yourself to your father
6. be about, be seen in public, go out (to events, around the neighborhood) — For example toylada körün, show up at weddings.
- oramda terk-terk körünedi — she is often seen in the street
- bizni tiyrede körünmedi — he was not seen in our neighborhood
- şaharnı oramında körünürge jaramaw — not being allowed to be seen on the city's streets
7. be found, occur (of animals in an area) one source
- bu jerlede ayü körünmeydi — bears are not found in these parts
- mında çıçhan körünmeydi — no mice are to be found here
- andan beri ayü körünmegendi — since then no bear has been seen
8. be introduced to one's in-laws as a wedding custom; be presented to the bride's kin at the wedding visit (of a groom) — A wedding custom: the groom goes to meet his wife's relatives, and the bride is presented to her husband's family.
- küew körünürge baradı — the bridegroom is going to meet the bride's family
- kelin qayınlarına köründü — the bride was presented to her in-laws
- küew köründü — the bridegroom was presented
- küew körünüb keldi — the bridegroom was presented and came back
Expressions
- awuzun açsa, öpkeleri körüne — skin and bones
- başı-ayağı körünmegen — endless, unending
- jaŋı ay bla körün — long time no see
- közge körünmezge — fly by
Conjugation
Common forms
- körünedihe is being visible
- köründühe was visible
- körünŋendihe has been visible
- körünürhe will be visible
- körünnükdühe is going to be visible
- körüne edihe was being visible
- körünseif he is visible
- körün!be visible!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkörünemeI am being visible | senkörüneseyou are being visible | olkörünedihe is being visible | bizkörünebizwe are being visible | sizkörünesizyou all are being visible | alakörünedilethey are being visible |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkörünmeymeI am not being visible | senkörünmeyseyou are not being visible | olkörünmeydihe is not being visible | bizkörünmeybizwe are not being visible | sizkörünmeysizyou all are not being visible | alakörünmeydilethey are not being visible |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkörünememi? körünemime?am I being visible? | senkörünemise?are you being visible? | olkörünemidi?is he being visible? | bizkörünebizmi? körünemibiz?are we being visible? | sizkörünemisiz?are you all being visible? | alakörünemidile?are they being visible? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkörünmeymemi? körünmeymime?aren't I being visible? | senkörünmeymise?aren't you being visible? | olkörünmeymidi?isn't he being visible? | bizkörünmeybizmi? körünmeymibiz?aren't we being visible? | sizkörünmeymisiz?aren't you all being visible? | alakörünmeymidile?aren't they being visible? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkörünüwçenmeI am usually visible | senkörünüwçenseyou are usually visible | olkörünüwçendihe is usually visible | bizkörünüwçenbizwe are usually visible | sizkörünüwçensizyou all are usually visible | alakörünüwçendilethey are usually visible |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkörünmewçenmeI am usually not visible | senkörünmewçenseyou are usually not visible | olkörünmewçendihe is usually not visible | bizkörünmewçenbizwe are usually not visible | sizkörünmewçensizyou all are usually not visible | alakörünmewçendilethey are usually not visible |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkörünüwçenmemi? körünüwçenmime?am I usually visible? | senkörünüwçenmise?are you usually visible? | olkörünüwçenmidi?is he usually visible? | bizkörünüwçenbizmi? körünüwçenmibiz?are we usually visible? | sizkörünüwçenmisiz?are you all usually visible? | alakörünüwçenmidile?are they usually visible? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkörünmewçenmemi? körünmewçenmime?am I usually not visible? | senkörünmewçenmise?are you usually not visible? | olkörünmewçenmidi?is he usually not visible? | bizkörünmewçenbizmi? körünmewçenmibiz?are we usually not visible? | sizkörünmewçenmisiz?are you all usually not visible? | alakörünmewçenmidile?are they usually not visible? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olkörünübdühe has been visible and remains so | alakörünübdülethey have been visible and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olkörünübmüdü?has he been visible? | alakörünübmüdüle?have they been visible? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkörünüb turamaI remain visible | senkörünüb turasayou remain visible | olkörünüb turadıhe remains visible | bizkörünüb turabızwe remain visible | sizkörünüb turasızyou all remain visible | alakörünüb turadılathey remain visible |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkörünüb turmaymaI don't remain visible | senkörünüb turmaysayou don't remain visible | olkörünüb turmaydıhe doesn't remain visible | bizkörünüb turmaybızwe don't remain visible | sizkörünüb turmaysızyou all don't remain visible | alakörünüb turmaydılathey don't remain visible |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkörünüb turamamı? körünüb turamıma?do I remain visible? | senkörünüb turamısa?do you remain visible? | olkörünüb turamıdı?does he remain visible? | bizkörünüb turabızmı? körünüb turamıbız?do we remain visible? | sizkörünüb turamısız?do you all remain visible? | alakörünüb turamıdıla?do they remain visible? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkörünüb turmaymamı? körünüb turmaymıma?don't I remain visible? | senkörünüb turmaymısa?don't you remain visible? | olkörünüb turmaymıdı?doesn't he remain visible? | bizkörünüb turmaybızmı? körünüb turmaymıbız?don't we remain visible? | sizkörünüb turmaymısız?don't you all remain visible? | alakörünüb turmaymıdıla?don't they remain visible? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menkörüne turamaI am in the middle of being visible | senkörüne turasayou are in the middle of being visible | olkörüne turadıhe is in the middle of being visible | bizkörüne turabızwe are in the middle of being visible | sizkörüne turasızyou all are in the middle of being visible | alakörüne turadılathey are in the middle of being visible |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menkörüne turmaymaI am not in the middle of being visible | senkörüne turmaysayou are not in the middle of being visible | olkörüne turmaydıhe is not in the middle of being visible | bizkörüne turmaybızwe are not in the middle of being visible | sizkörüne turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of being visible | alakörüne turmaydılathey are not in the middle of being visible |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menkörüne turamamı? körüne turamıma?am I in the middle of being visible? | senkörüne turamısa?are you in the middle of being visible? | olkörüne turamıdı?is he in the middle of being visible? | bizkörüne turabızmı? körüne turamıbız?are we in the middle of being visible? | sizkörüne turamısız?are you all in the middle of being visible? | alakörüne turamıdıla?are they in the middle of being visible? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menkörüne turmaymamı? körüne turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of being visible? | senkörüne turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of being visible? | olkörüne turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of being visible? | bizkörüne turmaybızmı? körüne turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of being visible? | sizkörüne turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of being visible? | alakörüne turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of being visible? |
| Simple past (definite) | menköründümI was visible | senköründüŋyou were visible | olköründühe was visible | bizköründükwe were visible | sizköründügüzyou all were visible | alaköründülethey were visible |
| Simple past (definite) | menkörünmedimI wasn't visible | senkörünmediŋyou weren't visible | olkörünmedihe wasn't visible | bizkörünmedikwe weren't visible | sizkörünmedigizyou all weren't visible | alakörünmedilethey weren't visible |
| Simple past (definite) | menköründümmü?was I visible? | senköründüŋmü?were you visible? | olköründümü?was he visible? | bizköründükmü?were we visible? | sizköründügüzmü?were you all visible? | alaköründülemi?were they visible? |
| Simple past (definite) | menkörünmedimmi?wasn't I visible? | senkörünmediŋmi?weren't you visible? | olkörünmedimi?wasn't he visible? | bizkörünmedikmi?weren't we visible? | sizkörünmedigizmi?weren't you all visible? | alakörünmedilemi?weren't they visible? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkörünŋenmeI have been visible | senkörünŋenseyou have been visible | olkörünŋendihe has been visible | bizkörünŋenbizwe have been visible | sizkörünŋensizyou all have been visible | alakörünŋendilethey have been visible |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkörünmegenmeI haven't been visible | senkörünmegenseyou haven't been visible | olkörünmegendihe hasn't been visible | bizkörünmegenbizwe haven't been visible | sizkörünmegensizyou all haven't been visible | alakörünmegendilethey haven't been visible |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkörünŋenmemi? körünŋenmime?have I been visible? | senkörünŋenmise?have you been visible? | olkörünŋenmidi?has he been visible? | bizkörünŋenbizmi? körünŋenmibiz?have we been visible? | sizkörünŋenmisiz?have you all been visible? | alakörünŋenmidile?have they been visible? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkörünmegenmemi? körünmegenmime?haven't I been visible? | senkörünmegenmise?haven't you been visible? | olkörünmegenmidi?hasn't he been visible? | bizkörünmegenbizmi? körünmegenmibiz?haven't we been visible? | sizkörünmegenmisiz?haven't you all been visible? | alakörünmegenmidile?haven't they been visible? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menkörünüb turdumI remained visible | senkörünüb turduŋyou remained visible | olkörünüb turduhe remained visible | bizkörünüb turduqwe remained visible | sizkörünüb turduğuzyou all remained visible | alakörünüb turdulathey remained visible |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menkörünüb turmadımI didn't remain visible | senkörünüb turmadıŋyou didn't remain visible | olkörünüb turmadıhe didn't remain visible | bizkörünüb turmadıqwe didn't remain visible | sizkörünüb turmadığızyou all didn't remain visible | alakörünüb turmadılathey didn't remain visible |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkörünürmeI will be visible | senkörünürseyou will be visible | olkörünürhe will be visible | bizkörünürbüzwe will be visible | sizkörünürsüzyou all will be visible | alakörünürlethey will be visible |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkörünmezmeI won't be visible | senkörünmezseyou won't be visible | olkörünmezhe won't be visible | bizkörünmezbizwe won't be visible | sizkörünmezsizyou all won't be visible | alakörünmezlethey won't be visible |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkörünürmemi? körünürmüme?will I be visible? | senkörünürmüse?will you be visible? | olkörünürmü?will he be visible? | bizkörünürbüzmü? körünürmübüz?will we be visible? | sizkörünürmüsüz?will you all be visible? | alakörünürlemi? körünürmüle?will they be visible? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkörünmezmemi? körünmezmime?won't I be visible? | senkörünmezmise?won't you be visible? | olkörünmezmi?won't he be visible? | bizkörünmezbizmi? körünmezmibiz?won't we be visible? | sizkörünmezmisiz?won't you all be visible? | alakörünmezlemi? körünmezmile?won't they be visible? |
| Definite future (future II) | menkörünnükme1körünürükmeI am going to be visible | senkörünnükse1körünürükseyou are going to be visible | olkörünnükdü1körünürükdühe is going to be visible | bizkörünnükbüz1körünürükbüzwe are going to be visible | sizkörünnüksüz1körünürüksüzyou all are going to be visible | alakörünnükdüle1körünürükdülethey are going to be visible |
| Definite future (future II) | menkörünnük tülme1körünürük tülmeI am not going to be visible | senkörünnük tülse1körünürük tülseyou are not going to be visible | olkörünnük tüldü1körünürük tüldühe is not going to be visible | bizkörünnük tülbüz1körünürük tülbüzwe are not going to be visible | sizkörünnük tülsüz1körünürük tülsüzyou all are not going to be visible | alakörünnük tüldüle1körünürük tüldülethey are not going to be visible |
| Definite future (future II) | menkörünnükmemi?1 körünnükmüme?körünürükmemi?am I going to be visible? | senkörünnükmüse?1körünürükmüse?are you going to be visible? | olkörünnükmüdü?1körünürükmüdü?is he going to be visible? | bizkörünnükbüzmü?1 körünnükmübüz?körünürükbüzmü?are we going to be visible? | sizkörünnükmüsüz?1körünürükmüsüz?are you all going to be visible? | alakörünnükmüdüle?1körünürükmüdüle?are they going to be visible? |
| Definite future (future II) | menkörünnük tülmüme?1körünürük tülmüme?aren't I going to be visible? | senkörünnük tülmüse?1körünürük tülmüse?aren't you going to be visible? | olkörünnük tülmüdü?1körünürük tülmüdü?isn't he going to be visible? | bizkörünnük tülmübüz?1körünürük tülmübüz?aren't we going to be visible? | sizkörünnük tülmüsüz?1körünürük tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be visible? | alakörünnük tülmüdüle?1körünürük tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be visible? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Definite future (future II)full form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so körünürükdü
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menkörünŋen edimkörünŋenemI had been visible | senkörünŋen ediŋkörünŋeneŋyou had been visible | olkörünŋen edikörünŋenedhe had been visible | bizkörünŋen edikkörünŋenekwe had been visible | sizkörünŋen edigizkörünŋenegizyou all had been visible | alakörünŋen edilekörünŋenellethey had been visible |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menkörünmegen edimkörünmegenemI hadn't been visible | senkörünmegen ediŋkörünmegeneŋyou hadn't been visible | olkörünmegen edikörünmegenedhe hadn't been visible | bizkörünmegen edikkörünmegenekwe hadn't been visible | sizkörünmegen edigizkörünmegenegizyou all hadn't been visible | alakörünmegen edilekörünmegenellethey hadn't been visible |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menkörüne edimkörünemI was being visible | senkörüne ediŋkörüneŋyou were being visible | olkörüne edikörünedhe was being visible | bizkörüne edikkörünekwe were being visible | sizkörüne edigizkörünegizyou all were being visible | alakörüne edilekörünellethey were being visible |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menkörünmey edimkörünmeyemI wasn't being visible | senkörünmey ediŋkörünmeyeŋyou weren't being visible | olkörünmey edikörünmeyedhe wasn't being visible | bizkörünmey edikkörünmeyekwe weren't being visible | sizkörünmey edigizkörünmeyegizyou all weren't being visible | alakörünmey edilekörünmeyellethey weren't being visible |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menkörünüwçen edimkörünüwçenemI used to be visible | senkörünüwçen ediŋkörünüwçeneŋyou used to be visible | olkörünüwçen edikörünüwçenedhe used to be visible | bizkörünüwçen edikkörünüwçenekwe used to be visible | sizkörünüwçen edigizkörünüwçenegizyou all used to be visible | alakörünüwçen edilekörünüwçenellethey used to be visible |
| Habitual past (used to) | menkörünmewçen edimkörünmewçenemI didn't use to be visible | senkörünmewçen ediŋkörünmewçeneŋyou didn't use to be visible | olkörünmewçen edikörünmewçenedhe didn't use to be visible | bizkörünmewçen edikkörünmewçenekwe didn't use to be visible | sizkörünmewçen edigizkörünmewçenegizyou all didn't use to be visible | alakörünmewçen edilekörünmewçenellethey didn't use to be visible |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olkörünüb edihe had been visible and remained so | alakörünüb edilethey had been visible and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olkörünüb tül edihe hadn't been visible | alakörünüb tül edilethey hadn't been visible | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menkörünüb tura edimkörünüb turaemI had remained visible | senkörünüb tura ediŋkörünüb turaeŋyou had remained visible | olkörünüb tura edikörünüb turaedhe had remained visible | bizkörünüb tura edikkörünüb turaekwe had remained visible | sizkörünüb tura edigizkörünüb turaegizyou all had remained visible | alakörünüb tura edilekörünüb turaellethey had remained visible |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menkörünüb turmay edimkörünüb turmayemI hadn't remained visible | senkörünüb turmay ediŋkörünüb turmayeŋyou hadn't remained visible | olkörünüb turmay edikörünüb turmayedhe hadn't remained visible | bizkörünüb turmay edikkörünüb turmayekwe hadn't remained visible | sizkörünüb turmay edigizkörünüb turmayegizyou all hadn't remained visible | alakörünüb turmay edilekörünüb turmayellethey hadn't remained visible |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menkörüne tura edimkörüne turaemI was in the middle of being visible | senkörüne tura ediŋkörüne turaeŋyou were in the middle of being visible | olkörüne tura edikörüne turaedhe was in the middle of being visible | bizkörüne tura edikkörüne turaekwe were in the middle of being visible | sizkörüne tura edigizkörüne turaegizyou all were in the middle of being visible | alakörüne tura edilekörüne turaellethey were in the middle of being visible |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menkörüne turmay edimkörüne turmayemI wasn't in the middle of being visible | senkörüne turmay ediŋkörüne turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of being visible | olkörüne turmay edikörüne turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of being visible | bizkörüne turmay edikkörüne turmayekwe weren't in the middle of being visible | sizkörüne turmay edigizkörüne turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of being visible | alakörüne turmay edilekörüne turmayellethey weren't in the middle of being visible |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menkörünür edimkörünür emI would be visible | senkörünür ediŋkörünür eŋyou would be visible | olkörünür edikörünür edhe would be visible | bizkörünür edikkörünür ekwe would be visible | sizkörünür edigizkörünür egizyou all would be visible | alakörünür edilekörünür ellethey would be visible |
| Conditional result (would) | menkörünmez edimkörünmez emI wouldn't be visible | senkörünmez ediŋkörünmez eŋyou wouldn't be visible | olkörünmez edikörünmez edhe wouldn't be visible | bizkörünmez edikkörünmez ekwe wouldn't be visible | sizkörünmez edigizkörünmez egizyou all wouldn't be visible | alakörünmez edilekörünmez ellethey wouldn't be visible |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menkörünnük edim2körünnük emkörünürük edimI would have been visible | senkörünnük ediŋ2körünnük eŋkörünürük ediŋyou would have been visible | olkörünnük edi2körünnük edkörünürük edihe would have been visible | bizkörünnük edik2körünnük ekkörünürük edikwe would have been visible | sizkörünnük edigiz2körünnük egizkörünürük edigizyou all would have been visible | alakörünnük edile2körünnük ellekörünürük edilethey would have been visible |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menkörünnük tül edim2körünnük tül emkörünürük tül edimI wouldn't have been visible | senkörünnük tül ediŋ2körünnük tül eŋkörünürük tül ediŋyou wouldn't have been visible | olkörünnük tül edi2körünnük tül edkörünürük tül edihe wouldn't have been visible | bizkörünnük tül edik2körünnük tül ekkörünürük tül edikwe wouldn't have been visible | sizkörünnük tül edigiz2körünnük tül egizkörünürük tül edigizyou all wouldn't have been visible | alakörünnük tül edile2körünnük tül ellekörünürük tül edilethey wouldn't have been visible |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
- Past conditional result (would have)full form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so körünürük edi
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menkörünsemif I am visible | senkörünseŋif you are visible | olkörünseif he is visible | bizkörünsekif we are visible | sizkörünsegizif you all are visible | alakörünseleif they are visible |
| Conditional | menkörünmesemif I am not visible | senkörünmeseŋif you are not visible | olkörünmeseif he is not visible | bizkörünmesekif we are not visible | sizkörünmesegizif you all are not visible | alakörünmeseleif they are not visible |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menkörüne esemif I am being visible | senkörüne eseŋif you are being visible | olkörüne eseif he is being visible | bizkörüne esekif we are being visible | sizkörüne esegizif you all are being visible | alakörüne eseleif they are being visible |
| Conditional, present real | menkörünmey esemif I am not being visible | senkörünmey eseŋif you are not being visible | olkörünmey eseif he is not being visible | bizkörünmey esekif we are not being visible | sizkörünmey esegizif you all are not being visible | alakörünmey eseleif they are not being visible |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menkörünsem edikörünsem edif only I was visible | senkörünseŋ edikörünseŋ edif only you was visible | olkörünse edikörünsedif only he was visible | bizkörünsek edikörünsek edif only we was visible | sizkörünsegiz edikörünsegiz edif only you all was visible | alakörünsele edikörünseledif only they was visible |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menkörünmesem edikörünmesem edif only I didn't be visible | senkörünmeseŋ edikörünmeseŋ edif only you didn't be visible | olkörünmese edikörünmesedif only he didn't be visible | bizkörünmesek edikörünmesek edif only we didn't be visible | sizkörünmesegiz edikörünmesegiz edif only you all didn't be visible | alakörünmesele edikörünmeseledif only they didn't be visible |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menkörünüb tursamif I remain visible | senkörünüb tursaŋif you remain visible | olkörünüb tursaif he remains visible | bizkörünüb tursaqif we remain visible | sizkörünüb tursağızif you all remain visible | alakörünüb tursalaif they remain visible |
| Durative conditional | menkörünüb turmasamif I don't remain visible | senkörünüb turmasaŋif you don't remain visible | olkörünüb turmasaif he doesn't remain visible | bizkörünüb turmasaqif we don't remain visible | sizkörünüb turmasağızif you all don't remain visible | alakörünüb turmasalaif they don't remain visible |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menkörünüb tura esemif I have remained visible | senkörünüb tura eseŋif you have remained visible | olkörünüb tura eseif he has remained visible | bizkörünüb tura esekif we have remained visible | sizkörünüb tura esegizif you all have remained visible | alakörünüb tura eseleif they have remained visible |
| Durative conditional, present real | menkörünüb turmay esemif I haven't remained visible | senkörünüb turmay eseŋif you haven't remained visible | olkörünüb turmay eseif he hasn't remained visible | bizkörünüb turmay esekif we haven't remained visible | sizkörünüb turmay esegizif you all haven't remained visible | alakörünüb turmay eseleif they haven't remained visible |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menkörüne tursamif I keep being visible | senkörüne tursaŋif you keep being visible | olkörüne tursaif he keeps being visible | bizkörüne tursaqif we keep being visible | sizkörüne tursağızif you all keep being visible | alakörüne tursalaif they keep being visible |
| Progressive conditional | menkörünmey tursamif I keep on not being visible | senkörünmey tursaŋif you keep on not being visible | olkörünmey tursaif he keeps on not being visible | bizkörünmey tursaqif we keep on not being visible | sizkörünmey tursağızif you all keep on not being visible | alakörünmey tursalaif they keep on not being visible |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menkörüne tura esemif I am in the middle of being visible | senkörüne tura eseŋif you are in the middle of being visible | olkörüne tura eseif he is in the middle of being visible | bizkörüne tura esekif we are in the middle of being visible | sizkörüne tura esegizif you all are in the middle of being visible | alakörüne tura eseleif they are in the middle of being visible |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menkörünmey tura esemif I keep on not being visible | senkörünmey tura eseŋif you keep on not being visible | olkörünmey tura eseif he keeps on not being visible | bizkörünmey tura esekif we keep on not being visible | sizkörünmey tura esegizif you all keep on not being visible | alakörünmey tura eseleif they keep on not being visible |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past3 | menköründüm esemif I was visible | senköründüŋ eseŋif you were visible | olköründü eseif he was visible | bizköründük esekif we were visible | sizköründügüz esegizif you all were visible | alaköründüle eseleif they were visible |
| Conditional, definite past3 | menkörünmedim esemif I wasn't visible | senkörünmediŋ eseŋif you weren't visible | olkörünmedi eseif he wasn't visible | bizkörünmedik esekif we weren't visible | sizkörünmedigiz esegizif you all weren't visible | alakörünmedile eseleif they weren't visible |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menkörünŋen esemif I was visible (indeed) | senkörünŋen eseŋif you were visible (indeed) | olkörünŋen eseif he was visible (indeed) | bizkörünŋen esekif we were visible (indeed) | sizkörünŋen esegizif you all were visible (indeed) | alakörünŋen eseleif they were visible (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menkörünmegen esemif I wasn't visible (indeed) | senkörünmegen eseŋif you weren't visible (indeed) | olkörünmegen eseif he wasn't visible (indeed) | bizkörünmegen esekif we weren't visible (indeed) | sizkörünmegen esegizif you all weren't visible (indeed) | alakörünmegen eseleif they weren't visible (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menkörünŋen bolsamif I had been visible | senkörünŋen bolsaŋif you had been visible | olkörünŋen bolsaif he had been visible | bizkörünŋen bolsaqif we had been visible | sizkörünŋen bolsağızif you all had been visible | alakörünŋen bolsalaif they had been visible |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menkörünmegen bolsamif I hadn't been visible | senkörünmegen bolsaŋif you hadn't been visible | olkörünmegen bolsaif he hadn't been visible | bizkörünmegen bolsaqif we hadn't been visible | sizkörünmegen bolsağızif you all hadn't been visible | alakörünmegen bolsalaif they hadn't been visible |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menkörünŋen bolsam edikörünŋen bolsam edif only I had been visible | senkörünŋen bolsaŋ edikörünŋen bolsaŋ edif only you had been visible | olkörünŋen bolsa edikörünŋen bolsaedif only he had been visible | bizkörünŋen bolsaq edikörünŋen bolsaq edif only we had been visible | sizkörünŋen bolsağız edikörünŋen bolsağız edif only you all had been visible | alakörünŋen bolsala edikörünŋen bolsalaedif only they had been visible |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menkörünmegen bolsam edikörünmegen bolsam edif only I hadn't been visible | senkörünmegen bolsaŋ edikörünmegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't been visible | olkörünmegen bolsa edikörünmegen bolsaedif only he hadn't been visible | bizkörünmegen bolsaq edikörünmegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't been visible | sizkörünmegen bolsağız edikörünmegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't been visible | alakörünmegen bolsala edikörünmegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't been visible |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menkörünür esemif I will be visible | senkörünür eseŋif you will be visible | olkörünür eseif he will be visible | bizkörünür esekif we will be visible | sizkörünür esegizif you all will be visible | alakörünür eseleif they will be visible |
| Conditional, aorist | menkörünmez esemif I won't be visible | senkörünmez eseŋif you won't be visible | olkörünmez eseif he won't be visible | bizkörünmez esekif we won't be visible | sizkörünmez esegizif you all won't be visible | alakörünmez eseleif they won't be visible |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menkörünnük esem4körünürük esemif I am going to be visible | senkörünnük eseŋ4körünürük eseŋif you are going to be visible | olkörünnük ese4körünürük eseif he is going to be visible | bizkörünnük esek4körünürük esekif we are going to be visible | sizkörünnük esegiz4körünürük esegizif you all are going to be visible | alakörünnük esele4körünürük eseleif they are going to be visible |
| Conditional, future | menkörünnük tül esem4körünürük tül esemif I am not going to be visible | senkörünnük tül eseŋ4körünürük tül eseŋif you are not going to be visible | olkörünnük tül ese4körünürük tül eseif he is not going to be visible | bizkörünnük tül esek4körünürük tül esekif we are not going to be visible | sizkörünnük tül esegiz4körünürük tül esegizif you all are not going to be visible | alakörünnük tül esele4körünürük tül eseleif they are not going to be visible |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menkörünnük bolsam5körünürük bolsamif I were going to be visible | senkörünnük bolsaŋ5körünürük bolsaŋif you were going to be visible | olkörünnük bolsa5körünürük bolsaif he were going to be visible | bizkörünnük bolsaq5körünürük bolsaqif we were going to be visible | sizkörünnük bolsağız5körünürük bolsağızif you all were going to be visible | alakörünnük bolsala5körünürük bolsalaif they were going to be visible |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menkörünmezlik bolsamif I were not going to be visible | senkörünmezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to be visible | olkörünmezlik bolsaif he were not going to be visible | bizkörünmezlik bolsaqif we were not going to be visible | sizkörünmezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to be visible | alakörünmezlik bolsalaif they were not going to be visible |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso köründüŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
- Conditional, futurefull form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so körünürük ese
- Conditional, counterfactual futurefull form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so körünürük bolsa
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menkörüne bolurmaI must be being visible | senkörüne bolursayou must be being visible | olkörüne bolurhe must be being visible | bizkörüne bolurbuzwe must be being visible | sizkörüne bolursuzyou all must be being visible | alakörüne bolurlathey must be being visible |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menkörünmey bolurmaI must not be being visible | senkörünmey bolursayou must not be being visible | olkörünmey bolurhe must not be being visible | bizkörünmey bolurbuzwe must not be being visible | sizkörünmey bolursuzyou all must not be being visible | alakörünmey bolurlathey must not be being visible |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menkörüne tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of being visible | senkörüne tura bolursayou must be in the middle of being visible | olkörüne tura bolurhe must be in the middle of being visible | bizkörüne tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of being visible | sizkörüne tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of being visible | alakörüne tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of being visible |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menkörünmey tura bolurmaI must keep on not being visible | senkörünmey tura bolursayou must keep on not being visible | olkörünmey tura bolurhe must keep on not being visible | bizkörünmey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not being visible | sizkörünmey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not being visible | alakörünmey tura bolurlathey must keep on not being visible |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menkörünŋen bolurmaI must have been visible | senkörünŋen bolursayou must have been visible | olkörünŋen bolurhe must have been visible | bizkörünŋen bolurbuzwe must have been visible | sizkörünŋen bolursuzyou all must have been visible | alakörünŋen bolurlathey must have been visible |
| Inference (must have) | menkörünmegen bolurmaI must not have been visible | senkörünmegen bolursayou must not have been visible | olkörünmegen bolurhe must not have been visible | bizkörünmegen bolurbuzwe must not have been visible | sizkörünmegen bolursuzyou all must not have been visible | alakörünmegen bolurlathey must not have been visible |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menkörünnük bolurma6körünürük bolurmaI must be going to be visible | senkörünnük bolursa6körünürük bolursayou must be going to be visible | olkörünnük bolur6körünürük bolurhe must be going to be visible | bizkörünnük bolurbuz6körünürük bolurbuzwe must be going to be visible | sizkörünnük bolursuz6körünürük bolursuzyou all must be going to be visible | alakörünnük bolurla6körünürük bolurlathey must be going to be visible |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menkörünmezlik bolurmaI must not be going to be visible | senkörünmezlik bolursayou must not be going to be visible | olkörünmezlik bolurhe must not be going to be visible | bizkörünmezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to be visible | sizkörünmezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to be visible | alakörünmezlik bolurlathey must not be going to be visible |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Inference, future (must be going to)full form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so körünürük bolur
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menkörüneyimlet me be visible | senkörün!be visible! | olkörünsünlet him be visible | bizkörüneyiklet's be visible | sizkörünügüz!be visible, you all! | alakörünsünlelet them be visible |
| Commands & suggestions | menkörünmeyimlet me not be visible | senkörünme!don't be visible! | olkörünmesinlet him not be visible | bizkörünmeyiklet's not be visible | sizkörünmegiz!don't be visible, you all! | alakörünmesinlelet them not be visible |
| Commands & suggestions | menkörüneyimmi?shall I be visible? | olkörünsünmü?should he be visible? | bizkörüneyikmi?shall we be visible? | alakörünsünlemi?should they be visible? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menkörünmeyimmi?shall I not be visible? | olkörünmesinmi?should he not be visible? | bizkörünmeyikmi?shall we not be visible? | alakörünmesinlemi?should they not be visible? | ||
| Requests | senkörünçü7körünçünplease be visible | olkörünsünçüdo let him be visible | sizkörünçügüzplease be visible (plural/polite) | alakörünsünleçido let them be visible | ||
| Requests | senkörünmeçi7körünmeçinplease don't be visible | olkörünmesinçido let him not be visible | sizkörünmeçigizplease don't be visible (plural/polite) | alakörünmesinleçido let them not be visible | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senkörünŋünkörünŋümay you be visible | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senkörünmeginkörünmegimay you not be visible | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menkörünŋey edim körünŋe edimwould that I were visible | senkörünŋey ediŋ körünŋe ediŋwould that you were visible | olkörünŋey edi körünŋe ediwould that he were visible | bizkörünŋey edik körünŋe edikwould that we were visible | sizkörünŋey edigiz körünŋe edigizwould that you all were visible | alakörünŋey edile körünŋe edilewould that they were visible |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menkörünmegey edim körünmege edimwould that I were not visible | senkörünmegey ediŋ körünmege ediŋwould that you were not visible | olkörünmegey edi körünmege ediwould that he were not visible | bizkörünmegey edik körünmege edikwould that we were not visible | sizkörünmegey edigiz körünmege edigizwould that you all were not visible | alakörünmegey edile körünmege edilewould that they were not visible |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menkörünmege qoyayımkörünme qoyayımlet me allow someone to be visible | senkörünmege qoy!körünme qoy!let someone be visible! | olkörünmege qoysunkörünme qoysunlet him allow someone to be visible | bizkörünmege qoyayıqkörünme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to be visible | sizkörünmege qoyuğuz!körünme qoyuğuz!let someone be visible, you all! | alakörünmege qoysunlakörünme qoysunlalet them allow someone to be visible |
| Let someone… (commands) | menkörünmege qoymayımkörünme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to be visible | senkörünmege qoyma!körünme qoyma!don't let someone be visible! | olkörünmege qoymasınkörünme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to be visible | bizkörünmege qoymayıqkörünme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to be visible | sizkörünmege qoymağız!körünme qoymağız!don't let someone be visible, you all! | alakörünmege qoymasınlakörünme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to be visible |
| Let someone… (commands) | menkörünmege qoyayımmı?körünme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to be visible? | olkörünmege qoysunmu?körünme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to be visible? | bizkörünmege qoyayıqmı?körünme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to be visible? | alakörünmege qoysunlamı?körünme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to be visible? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menkörünmege qoymayımmı?körünme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to be visible? | olkörünmege qoymasınmı?körünme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to be visible? | bizkörünmege qoymayıqmı?körünme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to be visible? | alakörünmege qoymasınlamı?körünme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to be visible? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menkörünmege qoyamakörünme qoyamaI allow someone to be visible | senkörünmege qoyasakörünme qoyasayou allow someone to be visible | olkörünmege qoyadıkörünme qoyadıhe allows someone to be visible | bizkörünmege qoyabızkörünme qoyabızwe allow someone to be visible | sizkörünmege qoyasızkörünme qoyasızyou all allow someone to be visible | alakörünmege qoyadılakörünme qoyadılathey allow someone to be visible |
| Let someone… (present) | menkörünmege qoymaymakörünme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to be visible | senkörünmege qoymaysakörünme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to be visible | olkörünmege qoymaydıkörünme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to be visible | bizkörünmege qoymaybızkörünme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to be visible | sizkörünmege qoymaysızkörünme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to be visible | alakörünmege qoymaydılakörünme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to be visible |
| Let someone… (present) | menkörünmege qoyamamı?körünme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to be visible? | senkörünmege qoyamısa?körünme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to be visible? | olkörünmege qoyamıdı?körünme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to be visible? | bizkörünmege qoyabızmı?körünme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to be visible? | sizkörünmege qoyamısız?körünme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to be visible? | alakörünmege qoyamıdıla?körünme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to be visible? |
| Let someone… (present) | menkörünmege qoymaymamı?körünme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to be visible? | senkörünmege qoymaymısa?körünme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to be visible? | olkörünmege qoymaymıdı?körünme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to be visible? | bizkörünmege qoymaybızmı?körünme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to be visible? | sizkörünmege qoymaymısız?körünme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to be visible? | alakörünmege qoymaymıdıla?körünme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to be visible? |
| Let someone… (past) | menkörünmege qoydumkörünme qoydumI allowed someone to be visible | senkörünmege qoyduŋkörünme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to be visible | olkörünmege qoydukörünme qoyduhe allowed someone to be visible | bizkörünmege qoyduqkörünme qoyduqwe allowed someone to be visible | sizkörünmege qoyduğuzkörünme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to be visible | alakörünmege qoydulakörünme qoydulathey allowed someone to be visible |
| Let someone… (past) | menkörünmege qoymadımkörünme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to be visible | senkörünmege qoymadıŋkörünme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to be visible | olkörünmege qoymadıkörünme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to be visible | bizkörünmege qoymadıqkörünme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to be visible | sizkörünmege qoymadığızkörünme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to be visible | alakörünmege qoymadılakörünme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to be visible |
| Let someone… (past) | menkörünmege qoydummu?körünme qoydummu?did I allow someone to be visible? | senkörünmege qoyduŋmu?körünme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to be visible? | olkörünmege qoydumu?körünme qoydumu?did he allow someone to be visible? | bizkörünmege qoyduqmu?körünme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to be visible? | sizkörünmege qoyduğuzmu?körünme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to be visible? | alakörünmege qoydulamı?körünme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to be visible? |
| Let someone… (past) | menkörünmege qoymadımmı?körünme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to be visible? | senkörünmege qoymadıŋmı?körünme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to be visible? | olkörünmege qoymadımı?körünme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to be visible? | bizkörünmege qoymadıqmı?körünme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to be visible? | sizkörünmege qoymadığızmı?körünme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to be visible? | alakörünmege qoymadılamı?körünme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to be visible? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
körünalırğa be able to be visible · körünalmazğa be unable to be visible
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menkörünalamaI can be visible | senkörünalasayou can be visible | olkörünaladıhe can be visible | bizkörünalabızwe can be visible | sizkörünalasızyou all can be visible | alakörünaladılathey can be visible |
| Ability — present | menkörünalmaymaI can't be visible | senkörünalmaysayou can't be visible | olkörünalmaydıhe can't be visible | bizkörünalmaybızwe can't be visible | sizkörünalmaysızyou all can't be visible | alakörünalmaydılathey can't be visible |
| Ability — present | menkörünalamamı? körünalamıma?can I be visible? | senkörünalamısa?can you be visible? | olkörünalamıdı?can he be visible? | bizkörünalabızmı? körünalamıbız?can we be visible? | sizkörünalamısız?can you all be visible? | alakörünalamıdıla?can they be visible? |
| Ability — present | menkörünalmaymamı? körünalmaymıma?can't I be visible? | senkörünalmaymısa?can't you be visible? | olkörünalmaymıdı?can't he be visible? | bizkörünalmaybızmı? körünalmaymıbız?can't we be visible? | sizkörünalmaymısız?can't you all be visible? | alakörünalmaymıdıla?can't they be visible? |
| Ability — if I can… | menkörünalsamif I can be visible | senkörünalsaŋif you can be visible | olkörünalsaif he can be visible | bizkörünalsaqif we can be visible | sizkörünalsağızif you all can be visible | alakörünalsalaif they can be visible |
| Ability — if I can… | menkörünalmasamif I can't be visible | senkörünalmasaŋif you can't be visible | olkörünalmasaif he can't be visible | bizkörünalmasaqif we can't be visible | sizkörünalmasağızif you all can't be visible | alakörünalmasalaif they can't be visible |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menkörünaldımI was able to be visible | senkörünaldıŋyou were able to be visible | olkörünaldıhe was able to be visible | bizkörünaldıqwe were able to be visible | sizkörünaldığızyou all were able to be visible | alakörünaldılathey were able to be visible |
| Ability — simple past | menkörünalmadımI could not be visible | senkörünalmadıŋyou could not be visible | olkörünalmadıhe could not be visible | bizkörünalmadıqwe could not be visible | sizkörünalmadığızyou all could not be visible | alakörünalmadılathey could not be visible |
| Ability — simple past | menkörünaldımmı?was I able to be visible? | senkörünaldıŋmı?were you able to be visible? | olkörünaldımı?was he able to be visible? | bizkörünaldıqmı?were we able to be visible? | sizkörünaldığızmı?were you all able to be visible? | alakörünaldılamı?were they able to be visible? |
| Ability — simple past | menkörünalmadımmı?couldn't I be visible? | senkörünalmadıŋmı?couldn't you be visible? | olkörünalmadımı?couldn't he be visible? | bizkörünalmadıqmı?couldn't we be visible? | sizkörünalmadığızmı?couldn't you all be visible? | alakörünalmadılamı?couldn't they be visible? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menkörünalğanmaI have been able to be visible | senkörünalğansayou have been able to be visible | olkörünalğandıhe has been able to be visible | bizkörünalğanbızwe have been able to be visible | sizkörünalğansızyou all have been able to be visible | alakörünalğandılathey have been able to be visible |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menkörünalmağanmaI haven't been able to be visible | senkörünalmağansayou haven't been able to be visible | olkörünalmağandıhe hasn't been able to be visible | bizkörünalmağanbızwe haven't been able to be visible | sizkörünalmağansızyou all haven't been able to be visible | alakörünalmağandılathey haven't been able to be visible |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menkörünalğanmamı? körünalğanmıma?have I been able to be visible? | senkörünalğanmısa?have you been able to be visible? | olkörünalğanmıdı?has he been able to be visible? | bizkörünalğanbızmı? körünalğanmıbız?have we been able to be visible? | sizkörünalğanmısız?have you all been able to be visible? | alakörünalğanmıdıla?have they been able to be visible? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menkörünalmağanmamı? körünalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to be visible? | senkörünalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to be visible? | olkörünalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to be visible? | bizkörünalmağanbızmı? körünalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to be visible? | sizkörünalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to be visible? | alakörünalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to be visible? |
| Ability — past perfect | menkörünalğan edimkörünalğanemI had been able to be visible | senkörünalğan ediŋkörünalğaneŋyou had been able to be visible | olkörünalğan edikörünalğanedhe had been able to be visible | bizkörünalğan edikkörünalğanekwe had been able to be visible | sizkörünalğan edigizkörünalğanegizyou all had been able to be visible | alakörünalğan edilekörünalğanellethey had been able to be visible |
| Ability — past perfect | menkörünalmağan edimkörünalmağanemI hadn't been able to be visible | senkörünalmağan ediŋkörünalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to be visible | olkörünalmağan edikörünalmağanedhe hadn't been able to be visible | bizkörünalmağan edikkörünalmağanekwe hadn't been able to be visible | sizkörünalmağan edigizkörünalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to be visible | alakörünalmağan edilekörünalmağanellethey hadn't been able to be visible |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menkörünala edimkörünalaemI could be visible | senkörünala ediŋkörünalaeŋyou could be visible | olkörünala edikörünalaedhe could be visible | bizkörünala edikkörünalaekwe could be visible | sizkörünala edigizkörünalaegizyou all could be visible | alakörünala edilekörünalaellethey could be visible |
| Ability — past background | menkörünalmay edimkörünalmayemI could not be visible | senkörünalmay ediŋkörünalmayeŋyou could not be visible | olkörünalmay edikörünalmayedhe could not be visible | bizkörünalmay edikkörünalmayekwe could not be visible | sizkörünalmay edigizkörünalmayegizyou all could not be visible | alakörünalmay edilekörünalmayellethey could not be visible |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menkörünalırmaI will be able to be visible | senkörünalırsayou will be able to be visible | olkörünalırhe will be able to be visible | bizkörünalırbızwe will be able to be visible | sizkörünalırsızyou all will be able to be visible | alakörünalırlathey will be able to be visible |
| Ability — future I | menkörünalmazmaI won't be able to be visible | senkörünalmazsayou won't be able to be visible | olkörünalmazhe won't be able to be visible | bizkörünalmazbızwe won't be able to be visible | sizkörünalmazsızyou all won't be able to be visible | alakörünalmazlathey won't be able to be visible |
| Ability — future I | menkörünalırmamı? körünalırmıma?will I be able to be visible? | senkörünalırmısa?will you be able to be visible? | olkörünalırmı?will he be able to be visible? | bizkörünalırbızmı? körünalırmıbız?will we be able to be visible? | sizkörünalırmısız?will you all be able to be visible? | alakörünalırlamı? körünalırmıla?will they be able to be visible? |
| Ability — future I | menkörünalmazmamı? körünalmazmıma?won't I be able to be visible? | senkörünalmazmısa?won't you be able to be visible? | olkörünalmazmı?won't he be able to be visible? | bizkörünalmazbızmı? körünalmazmıbız?won't we be able to be visible? | sizkörünalmazmısız?won't you all be able to be visible? | alakörünalmazlamı? körünalmazmıla?won't they be able to be visible? |
| Ability — future II | menkörünallıqmaI am going to be able to be visible | senkörünallıqsayou are going to be able to be visible | olkörünallıqdıhe is going to be able to be visible | bizkörünallıqbızwe are going to be able to be visible | sizkörünallıqsızyou all are going to be able to be visible | alakörünallıqdılathey are going to be able to be visible |
| Ability — future II | menkörünallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to be visible | senkörünallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to be visible | olkörünallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to be visible | bizkörünallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to be visible | sizkörünallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to be visible | alakörünallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to be visible |
| Ability — future II | menkörünallıqmamı? körünallıqmıma?am I going to be able to be visible? | senkörünallıqmısa?are you going to be able to be visible? | olkörünallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to be visible? | bizkörünallıqbızmı? körünallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to be visible? | sizkörünallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to be visible? | alakörünallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to be visible? |
| Ability — future II | menkörünallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to be visible? | senkörünallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to be visible? | olkörünallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to be visible? | bizkörünallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to be visible? | sizkörünallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to be visible? | alakörünallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to be visible? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menkörünalır edimkörünalır emI would be able to be visible | senkörünalır ediŋkörünalır eŋyou would be able to be visible | olkörünalır edikörünalır edhe would be able to be visible | bizkörünalır edikkörünalır ekwe would be able to be visible | sizkörünalır edigizkörünalır egizyou all would be able to be visible | alakörünalır edilekörünalır ellethey would be able to be visible |
| Ability — would be able to… | menkörünalmaz edimkörünalmaz emI wouldn't be able to be visible | senkörünalmaz ediŋkörünalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to be visible | olkörünalmaz edikörünalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to be visible | bizkörünalmaz edikkörünalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to be visible | sizkörünalmaz edigizkörünalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to be visible | alakörünalmaz edilekörünalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to be visible |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senkörünalğınkörünalğımay you be able to be visible | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senkörünalmağınkörünalmağımay you not be able to be visible | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menkörünürge izleymeI want to be visible | senkörünürge izleyseyou want to be visible | olkörünürge izleydihe wants to be visible | bizkörünürge izleybizwe want to be visible | sizkörünürge izleysizyou all want to be visible | alakörünürge izleydilethey want to be visible |
| want to | menkörünürge izlemeymeI do not want to be visible | senkörünürge izlemeyseyou do not want to be visible | olkörünürge izlemeydihe does not want to be visible | bizkörünürge izlemeybizwe do not want to be visible | sizkörünürge izlemeysizyou all do not want to be visible | alakörünürge izlemeydilethey do not want to be visible |
| would like to | menkörünürge süemeI would like to be visible | senkörünürge süeseyou would like to be visible | olkörünürge süedihe would like to be visible | bizkörünürge süebizwe would like to be visible | sizkörünürge süesizyou all would like to be visible | alakörünürge süedilethey would like to be visible |
| would like to | menkörünürge süymeymeI would not like to be visible | senkörünürge süymeyseyou would not like to be visible | olkörünürge süymeydihe would not like to be visible | bizkörünürge süymeybizwe would not like to be visible | sizkörünürge süymeysizyou all would not like to be visible | alakörünürge süymeydilethey would not like to be visible |
| hope to | menkörünürge umutlanamaI hope to be visible | senkörünürge umutlanasayou hope to be visible | olkörünürge umutlanadıhe hopes to be visible | bizkörünürge umutlanabızwe hope to be visible | sizkörünürge umutlanasızyou all hope to be visible | alakörünürge umutlanadılathey hope to be visible |
| hope to | menkörünürge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to be visible | senkörünürge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to be visible | olkörünürge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to be visible | bizkörünürge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to be visible | sizkörünürge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to be visible | alakörünürge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to be visible |
| be about to | menkörünürge deb turamaI am about to be visible | senkörünürge deb turasayou are about to be visible | olkörünürge deb turadıhe is about to be visible | bizkörünürge deb turabızwe are about to be visible | sizkörünürge deb turasızyou all are about to be visible | alakörünürge deb turadılathey are about to be visible |
| be about to | menkörünürge deb turmaymaI am not about to be visible | senkörünürge deb turmaysayou are not about to be visible | olkörünürge deb turmaydıhe is not about to be visible | bizkörünürge deb turmaybızwe are not about to be visible | sizkörünürge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to be visible | alakörünürge deb turmaydılathey are not about to be visible |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menkörünürge kerekmeI need to be visible | senkörünürge kerekseyou need to be visible | olkörünürge kerekdihe needs to be visible | bizkörünürge kerekbizwe need to be visible | sizkörünürge kereksizyou all need to be visible | alakörünürge kerekdilethey need to be visible |
| need to | menkörünürge kerek tülmeI do not need to be visible | senkörünürge kerek tülseyou do not need to be visible | olkörünürge kerek tüldühe does not need to be visible | bizkörünürge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to be visible | sizkörünürge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to be visible | alakörünürge kerek tüldülethey do not need to be visible |
| have to | menmenŋe körünürge tüşediI have to be visible | sensenŋe körünürge tüşediyou have to be visible | olaŋa körünürge tüşedihe has to be visible | bizbizge körünürge tüşediwe have to be visible | sizsizge körünürge tüşediyou all have to be visible | alaalağa körünürge tüşedithey have to be visible |
| have to | menmenŋe körünürge tüşmeydiI do not have to be visible | sensenŋe körünürge tüşmeydiyou do not have to be visible | olaŋa körünürge tüşmeydihe does not have to be visible | bizbizge körünürge tüşmeydiwe do not have to be visible | sizsizge körünürge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to be visible | alaalağa körünürge tüşmeydithey do not have to be visible |
| be obliged to | menkörünürge borçlumaI am obliged to be visible | senkörünürge borçlusayou are obliged to be visible | olkörünürge borçluduhe is obliged to be visible | bizkörünürge borçlubuzwe are obliged to be visible | sizkörünürge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to be visible | alakörünürge borçludulathey are obliged to be visible |
| be obliged to | menkörünürge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to be visible | senkörünürge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to be visible | olkörünürge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to be visible | bizkörünürge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to be visible | sizkörünürge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to be visible | alakörünürge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to be visible |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menkörünürge madarım bardıI have a way to be visible | senkörünürge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to be visible | olkörünürge madarı bardıhe has a way to be visible | bizkörünürge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to be visible | sizkörünürge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to be visible | alakörünürge madarları bardıthey have a way to be visible |
| have a way to | menkörünürge madarım joqduI have no way to be visible | senkörünürge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to be visible | olkörünürge madarı joqduhe has no way to be visible | bizkörünürge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to be visible | sizkörünürge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to be visible | alakörünürge madarları joqduthey have no way to be visible |
| be free to | menkörünürge erkinligim bardıI am free to be visible | senkörünürge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to be visible | olkörünürge erkinligi bardıhe is free to be visible | bizkörünürge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to be visible | sizkörünürge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to be visible | alakörünürge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to be visible |
| be free to | menkörünürge erkinligim joqduI am not free to be visible | senkörünürge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to be visible | olkörünürge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to be visible | bizkörünürge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to be visible | sizkörünürge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to be visible | alakörünürge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to be visible |
| be possible to | menmenŋe körünürge bolluqduit is possible for me to be visible | sensenŋe körünürge bolluqduit is possible for you to be visible | olaŋa körünürge bolluqduit is possible for him to be visible | bizbizge körünürge bolluqduit is possible for us to be visible | sizsizge körünürge bolluqduit is possible for you all to be visible | alaalağa körünürge bolluqduit is possible for them to be visible |
| be possible to | menmenŋe körünürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to be visible | sensenŋe körünürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to be visible | olaŋa körünürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to be visible | bizbizge körünürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to be visible | sizsizge körünürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to be visible | alaalağa körünürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to be visible |
| be ready to | menkörünürge hazırmaI am ready to be visible | senkörünürge hazırsayou are ready to be visible | olkörünürge hazırdıhe is ready to be visible | bizkörünürge hazırbızwe are ready to be visible | sizkörünürge hazırsızyou all are ready to be visible | alakörünürge hazırdılathey are ready to be visible |
| be ready to | menkörünürge hazır tülmeI am not ready to be visible | senkörünürge hazır tülseyou are not ready to be visible | olkörünürge hazır tüldühe is not ready to be visible | bizkörünürge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to be visible | sizkörünürge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to be visible | alakörünürge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to be visible |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menkörünürge küreşemeI am trying to be visible | senkörünürge küreşeseyou are trying to be visible | olkörünürge küreşedihe is trying to be visible | bizkörünürge küreşebizwe are trying to be visible | sizkörünürge küreşesizyou all are trying to be visible | alakörünürge küreşedilethey are trying to be visible |
| try to | menkörünürge küreşmeymeI am not trying to be visible | senkörünürge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to be visible | olkörünürge küreşmeydihe is not trying to be visible | bizkörünürge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to be visible | sizkörünürge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to be visible | alakörünürge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to be visible |
| agree to | menkörünürge unaymaI agree to be visible | senkörünürge unaysayou agree to be visible | olkörünürge unaydıhe agrees to be visible | bizkörünürge unaybızwe agree to be visible | sizkörünürge unaysızyou all agree to be visible | alakörünürge unaydılathey agree to be visible |
| agree to | menkörünürge unamaymaI refuse to be visible | senkörünürge unamaysayou refuse to be visible | olkörünürge unamaydıhe refuses to be visible | bizkörünürge unamaybızwe refuse to be visible | sizkörünürge unamaysızyou all refuse to be visible | alakörünürge unamaydılathey refuse to be visible |
| hurry to | menkörünürge aşığamaI am in a hurry to be visible | senkörünürge aşığasayou are in a hurry to be visible | olkörünürge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to be visible | bizkörünürge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to be visible | sizkörünürge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to be visible | alakörünürge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to be visible |
| hurry to | menkörünürge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to be visible | senkörünürge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to be visible | olkörünürge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to be visible | bizkörünürge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to be visible | sizkörünürge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to be visible | alakörünürge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to be visible |
| be afraid to | menkörünürge qorqamaI am afraid to be visible | senkörünürge qorqasayou are afraid to be visible | olkörünürge qorqadıhe is afraid to be visible | bizkörünürge qorqabızwe are afraid to be visible | sizkörünürge qorqasızyou all are afraid to be visible | alakörünürge qorqadılathey are afraid to be visible |
| be afraid to | menkörünürge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to be visible | senkörünürge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to be visible | olkörünürge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to be visible | bizkörünürge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to be visible | sizkörünürge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to be visible | alakörünürge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to be visible |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menkörüne bolmazmaI can't be being visible | senkörüne bolmazsayou can't be being visible | olkörüne bolmazhe can't be being visible | bizkörüne bolmazbızwe can't be being visible | sizkörüne bolmazsızyou all can't be being visible | alakörüne bolmazlathey can't be being visible |
| Inference, present — double negation | menkörünmey bolmazmaI must be being visible (emphatic) | senkörünmey bolmazsayou must be being visible (emphatic) | olkörünmey bolmazhe must be being visible (emphatic) | bizkörünmey bolmazbızwe must be being visible (emphatic) | sizkörünmey bolmazsızyou all must be being visible (emphatic) | alakörünmey bolmazlathey must be being visible (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menkörüne turmasamif I don't keep being visible | senkörüne turmasaŋif you don't keep being visible | olkörüne turmasaif he doesn't keep being visible | bizkörüne turmasaqif we don't keep being visible | sizkörüne turmasağızif you all don't keep being visible | alakörüne turmasalaif they don't keep being visible |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menkörüne tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of being visible | senkörüne tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of being visible | olkörüne tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of being visible | bizkörüne tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of being visible | sizkörüne tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of being visible | alakörüne tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of being visible |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menkörünmey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not being visible (emphatic) | senkörünmey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not being visible (emphatic) | olkörünmey tura bolmazhe must keep on not being visible (emphatic) | bizkörünmey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not being visible (emphatic) | sizkörünmey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not being visible (emphatic) | alakörünmey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not being visible (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menkörünmey turamaI keep on not being visible | senkörünmey turasayou keep on not being visible | olkörünmey turadıhe keeps on not being visible | bizkörünmey turabızwe keep on not being visible | sizkörünmey turasızyou all keep on not being visible | alakörünmey turadılathey keep on not being visible |
| Progressive — double negation | menkörünmey turmaymaI am not keeping on not being visible | senkörünmey turmaysayou are not keeping on not being visible | olkörünmey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not being visible | bizkörünmey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not being visible | sizkörünmey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not being visible | alakörünmey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not being visible |
| Progressive — double negation | menkörünmey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not being visible? | senkörünmey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not being visible? | olkörünmey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not being visible? | bizkörünmey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not being visible? | sizkörünmey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not being visible? | alakörünmey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not being visible? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menkörünŋen bolmazmaI can't have been visible | senkörünŋen bolmazsayou can't have been visible | olkörünŋen bolmazhe can't have been visible | bizkörünŋen bolmazbızwe can't have been visible | sizkörünŋen bolmazsızyou all can't have been visible | alakörünŋen bolmazlathey can't have been visible |
| Inference — double negation | menkörünmegen bolmazmaI must have been visible (emphatic) | senkörünmegen bolmazsayou must have been visible (emphatic) | olkörünmegen bolmazhe must have been visible (emphatic) | bizkörünmegen bolmazbızwe must have been visible (emphatic) | sizkörünmegen bolmazsızyou all must have been visible (emphatic) | alakörünmegen bolmazlathey must have been visible (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menkörünŋen bolmasamif it weren't that I had been visible | senkörünŋen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had been visible | olkörünŋen bolmasaif it weren't that he had been visible | bizkörünŋen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had been visible | sizkörünŋen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had been visible | alakörünŋen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had been visible |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menkörünmegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't been visible | senkörünmegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't been visible | olkörünmegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't been visible | bizkörünmegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't been visible | sizkörünmegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't been visible | alakörünmegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't been visible |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menkörünnük bolmazmaI can't be going to be visible | senkörünnük bolmazsayou can't be going to be visible | olkörünnük bolmazhe can't be going to be visible | bizkörünnük bolmazbızwe can't be going to be visible | sizkörünnük bolmazsızyou all can't be going to be visible | alakörünnük bolmazlathey can't be going to be visible |
| Inference, future — double negation | menkörünmezlik bolmazmaI must be going to be visible (emphatic) | senkörünmezlik bolmazsayou must be going to be visible (emphatic) | olkörünmezlik bolmazhe must be going to be visible (emphatic) | bizkörünmezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to be visible (emphatic) | sizkörünmezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to be visible (emphatic) | alakörünmezlik bolmazlathey must be going to be visible (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menkörünnük bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to be visible | senkörünnük bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to be visible | olkörünnük bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to be visible | bizkörünnük bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to be visible | sizkörünnük bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to be visible | alakörünnük bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to be visible |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menkörünmezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to be visible | senkörünmezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to be visible | olkörünmezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to be visible | bizkörünmezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to be visible | sizkörünmezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to be visible | alakörünmezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to be visible |