joyarğa
/dʒojarʁa/
1. spend, lay out (money, means, time); invest (money in something)
- açhanı joyarğa — to spend the money
- ayab joyarğa — to spend sparingly
- zıraf joyarğa — to squander
- joyub boşarğa — to spend it all
- ol künnü joydu — he wasted the day
2. lose something, forfeit one's good name
- qazawatda üydegisin joyğandı — he lost his family in the war
- betni joyma — do not lose your good name
- namısıŋı joyma — do not lose your honor
- atanı sıyın joymayıq — let us not forfeit our father's honor
3. corrupt, deprave, demoralize; spoil (a child), let someone go to the bad
- sabiyni joyma — do not spoil the child
- erkelete erkelete sabiyni joyarğa tebregensiz — pampering and pampering, you have begun to spoil the child
- jaşığıznı joyub qoyarğa tebregensiz — you have begun to let your son go to the bad
- ol kesin joyğandı — he has let himself go to the bad
4. kill, destroy, do away with (someone) — jerni başından joyarğa means 'wipe someone off the face of the earth'.
- jawnu joyarğa — to destroy the enemy
- jerni başından joyarğa — to wipe someone off the face of the earth
- anı joyarğa izlegendile — they meant to do away with him
5. sell off, part with (something) — atımı joydum means 'I sold my horse'. one source
- atımı joydum — I sold my horse
- malların joyğandı — he has sold off his cattle
- rıshısın joyarğa — to part with his property
6. have someone convicted, get someone sentenced (put away) — anı zakonsuz joydula means 'they convicted him unlawfully'. one source
- anı zakonsuz joydula — they had him convicted unlawfully
- birewnü joyarğa — to get somebody sentenced
- joydula da türmege saldıla — they had him convicted and put him in prison
Expressions
- bet joyarğa — disgrace oneself
- betin joymazğa — keep one's honor
- namısın joyarğa — lose one's honor
Conjugation
Common forms
- joyadıhe is spending
- joyduhe spent
- joyğandıhe has spent
- joyarhe will spend
- joyarıqdıhe is going to spend
- joya edihe was spending
- joysaif he spends
- joy!spend!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjoyamaI am spending | senjoyasayou are spending | oljoyadıhe is spending | bizjoyabızwe are spending | sizjoyasızyou all are spending | alajoyadılathey are spending |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjoymaymaI am not spending | senjoymaysayou are not spending | oljoymaydıhe is not spending | bizjoymaybızwe are not spending | sizjoymaysızyou all are not spending | alajoymaydılathey are not spending |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjoyamamı? joyamıma?am I spending? | senjoyamısa?are you spending? | oljoyamıdı?is he spending? | bizjoyabızmı? joyamıbız?are we spending? | sizjoyamısız?are you all spending? | alajoyamıdıla?are they spending? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjoymaymamı? joymaymıma?aren't I spending? | senjoymaymısa?aren't you spending? | oljoymaymıdı?isn't he spending? | bizjoymaybızmı? joymaymıbız?aren't we spending? | sizjoymaymısız?aren't you all spending? | alajoymaymıdıla?aren't they spending? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjoyuwçanmaI usually spend | senjoyuwçansayou usually spend | oljoyuwçandıhe usually spends | bizjoyuwçanbızwe usually spend | sizjoyuwçansızyou all usually spend | alajoyuwçandılathey usually spend |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjoymawçanmaI usually don't spend | senjoymawçansayou usually don't spend | oljoymawçandıhe usually doesn't spend | bizjoymawçanbızwe usually don't spend | sizjoymawçansızyou all usually don't spend | alajoymawçandılathey usually don't spend |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjoyuwçanmamı? joyuwçanmıma?do I usually spend? | senjoyuwçanmısa?do you usually spend? | oljoyuwçanmıdı?does he usually spend? | bizjoyuwçanbızmı? joyuwçanmıbız?do we usually spend? | sizjoyuwçanmısız?do you all usually spend? | alajoyuwçanmıdıla?do they usually spend? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjoymawçanmamı? joymawçanmıma?do I usually not spend? | senjoymawçanmısa?do you usually not spend? | oljoymawçanmıdı?does he usually not spend? | bizjoymawçanbızmı? joymawçanmıbız?do we usually not spend? | sizjoymawçanmısız?do you all usually not spend? | alajoymawçanmıdıla?do they usually not spend? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oljoyubduhe has spent and remains so | alajoyubdulathey have spent and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oljoyubmudu?has he spent? | alajoyubmudula?have they spent? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjoyub turamaI keep spending | senjoyub turasayou keep spending | oljoyub turadıhe keeps spending | bizjoyub turabızwe keep spending | sizjoyub turasızyou all keep spending | alajoyub turadılathey keep spending |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjoyub turmaymaI don't keep spending | senjoyub turmaysayou don't keep spending | oljoyub turmaydıhe doesn't keep spending | bizjoyub turmaybızwe don't keep spending | sizjoyub turmaysızyou all don't keep spending | alajoyub turmaydılathey don't keep spending |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjoyub turamamı? joyub turamıma?do I keep spending? | senjoyub turamısa?do you keep spending? | oljoyub turamıdı?does he keep spending? | bizjoyub turabızmı? joyub turamıbız?do we keep spending? | sizjoyub turamısız?do you all keep spending? | alajoyub turamıdıla?do they keep spending? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjoyub turmaymamı? joyub turmaymıma?don't I keep spending? | senjoyub turmaymısa?don't you keep spending? | oljoyub turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep spending? | bizjoyub turmaybızmı? joyub turmaymıbız?don't we keep spending? | sizjoyub turmaymısız?don't you all keep spending? | alajoyub turmaymıdıla?don't they keep spending? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjoya turamaI am in the middle of spending | senjoya turasayou are in the middle of spending | oljoya turadıhe is in the middle of spending | bizjoya turabızwe are in the middle of spending | sizjoya turasızyou all are in the middle of spending | alajoya turadılathey are in the middle of spending |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjoya turmaymaI am not in the middle of spending | senjoya turmaysayou are not in the middle of spending | oljoya turmaydıhe is not in the middle of spending | bizjoya turmaybızwe are not in the middle of spending | sizjoya turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of spending | alajoya turmaydılathey are not in the middle of spending |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjoya turamamı? joya turamıma?am I in the middle of spending? | senjoya turamısa?are you in the middle of spending? | oljoya turamıdı?is he in the middle of spending? | bizjoya turabızmı? joya turamıbız?are we in the middle of spending? | sizjoya turamısız?are you all in the middle of spending? | alajoya turamıdıla?are they in the middle of spending? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjoya turmaymamı? joya turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of spending? | senjoya turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of spending? | oljoya turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of spending? | bizjoya turmaybızmı? joya turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of spending? | sizjoya turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of spending? | alajoya turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of spending? |
| Simple past (definite) | menjoydumI spent | senjoyduŋyou spent | oljoyduhe spent | bizjoyduqwe spent | sizjoyduğuzyou all spent | alajoydulathey spent |
| Simple past (definite) | menjoymadımI didn't spend | senjoymadıŋyou didn't spend | oljoymadıhe didn't spend | bizjoymadıqwe didn't spend | sizjoymadığızyou all didn't spend | alajoymadılathey didn't spend |
| Simple past (definite) | menjoydummu?did I spend? | senjoyduŋmu?did you spend? | oljoydumu?did he spend? | bizjoyduqmu?did we spend? | sizjoyduğuzmu?did you all spend? | alajoydulamı?did they spend? |
| Simple past (definite) | menjoymadımmı?didn't I spend? | senjoymadıŋmı?didn't you spend? | oljoymadımı?didn't he spend? | bizjoymadıqmı?didn't we spend? | sizjoymadığızmı?didn't you all spend? | alajoymadılamı?didn't they spend? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjoyğanmaI have spent | senjoyğansayou have spent | oljoyğandıhe has spent | bizjoyğanbızwe have spent | sizjoyğansızyou all have spent | alajoyğandılathey have spent |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjoymağanmaI haven't spent | senjoymağansayou haven't spent | oljoymağandıhe hasn't spent | bizjoymağanbızwe haven't spent | sizjoymağansızyou all haven't spent | alajoymağandılathey haven't spent |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjoyğanmamı? joyğanmıma?have I spent? | senjoyğanmısa?have you spent? | oljoyğanmıdı?has he spent? | bizjoyğanbızmı? joyğanmıbız?have we spent? | sizjoyğanmısız?have you all spent? | alajoyğanmıdıla?have they spent? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjoymağanmamı? joymağanmıma?haven't I spent? | senjoymağanmısa?haven't you spent? | oljoymağanmıdı?hasn't he spent? | bizjoymağanbızmı? joymağanmıbız?haven't we spent? | sizjoymağanmısız?haven't you all spent? | alajoymağanmıdıla?haven't they spent? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menjoyub turdumI kept spending | senjoyub turduŋyou kept spending | oljoyub turduhe kept spending | bizjoyub turduqwe kept spending | sizjoyub turduğuzyou all kept spending | alajoyub turdulathey kept spending |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menjoyub turmadımI didn't keep spending | senjoyub turmadıŋyou didn't keep spending | oljoyub turmadıhe didn't keep spending | bizjoyub turmadıqwe didn't keep spending | sizjoyub turmadığızyou all didn't keep spending | alajoyub turmadılathey didn't keep spending |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjoyarmaI will spend | senjoyarsayou will spend | oljoyarhe will spend | bizjoyarbızwe will spend | sizjoyarsızyou all will spend | alajoyarlathey will spend |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjoymazmaI won't spend | senjoymazsayou won't spend | oljoymazhe won't spend | bizjoymazbızwe won't spend | sizjoymazsızyou all won't spend | alajoymazlathey won't spend |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjoyarmamı? joyarmıma?will I spend? | senjoyarmısa?will you spend? | oljoyarmı?will he spend? | bizjoyarbızmı? joyarmıbız?will we spend? | sizjoyarmısız?will you all spend? | alajoyarlamı? joyarmıla?will they spend? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjoymazmamı? joymazmıma?won't I spend? | senjoymazmısa?won't you spend? | oljoymazmı?won't he spend? | bizjoymazbızmı? joymazmıbız?won't we spend? | sizjoymazmısız?won't you all spend? | alajoymazlamı? joymazmıla?won't they spend? |
| Definite future (future II) | menjoyarıqmaI am going to spend | senjoyarıqsayou are going to spend | oljoyarıqdıhe is going to spend | bizjoyarıqbızwe are going to spend | sizjoyarıqsızyou all are going to spend | alajoyarıqdılathey are going to spend |
| Definite future (future II) | menjoyarıq tülmeI am not going to spend | senjoyarıq tülseyou are not going to spend | oljoyarıq tüldühe is not going to spend | bizjoyarıq tülbüzwe are not going to spend | sizjoyarıq tülsüzyou all are not going to spend | alajoyarıq tüldülethey are not going to spend |
| Definite future (future II) | menjoyarıqmamı? joyarıqmıma?am I going to spend? | senjoyarıqmısa?are you going to spend? | oljoyarıqmıdı?is he going to spend? | bizjoyarıqbızmı? joyarıqmıbız?are we going to spend? | sizjoyarıqmısız?are you all going to spend? | alajoyarıqmıdıla?are they going to spend? |
| Definite future (future II) | menjoyarıq tülmüme?aren't I going to spend? | senjoyarıq tülmüse?aren't you going to spend? | oljoyarıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to spend? | bizjoyarıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to spend? | sizjoyarıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to spend? | alajoyarıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to spend? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menjoyğan edimjoyğanemI had spent | senjoyğan ediŋjoyğaneŋyou had spent | oljoyğan edijoyğanedhe had spent | bizjoyğan edikjoyğanekwe had spent | sizjoyğan edigizjoyğanegizyou all had spent | alajoyğan edilejoyğanellethey had spent |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menjoymağan edimjoymağanemI hadn't spent | senjoymağan ediŋjoymağaneŋyou hadn't spent | oljoymağan edijoymağanedhe hadn't spent | bizjoymağan edikjoymağanekwe hadn't spent | sizjoymağan edigizjoymağanegizyou all hadn't spent | alajoymağan edilejoymağanellethey hadn't spent |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menjoya edimjoyaemI was spending | senjoya ediŋjoyaeŋyou were spending | oljoya edijoyaedhe was spending | bizjoya edikjoyaekwe were spending | sizjoya edigizjoyaegizyou all were spending | alajoya edilejoyaellethey were spending |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menjoymay edimjoymayemI wasn't spending | senjoymay ediŋjoymayeŋyou weren't spending | oljoymay edijoymayedhe wasn't spending | bizjoymay edikjoymayekwe weren't spending | sizjoymay edigizjoymayegizyou all weren't spending | alajoymay edilejoymayellethey weren't spending |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menjoyuwçan edimjoyuwçanemI used to spend | senjoyuwçan ediŋjoyuwçaneŋyou used to spend | oljoyuwçan edijoyuwçanedhe used to spend | bizjoyuwçan edikjoyuwçanekwe used to spend | sizjoyuwçan edigizjoyuwçanegizyou all used to spend | alajoyuwçan edilejoyuwçanellethey used to spend |
| Habitual past (used to) | menjoymawçan edimjoymawçanemI didn't use to spend | senjoymawçan ediŋjoymawçaneŋyou didn't use to spend | oljoymawçan edijoymawçanedhe didn't use to spend | bizjoymawçan edikjoymawçanekwe didn't use to spend | sizjoymawçan edigizjoymawçanegizyou all didn't use to spend | alajoymawçan edilejoymawçanellethey didn't use to spend |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oljoyub edihe had spent and remained so | alajoyub edilethey had spent and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oljoyub tül edihe hadn't spent | alajoyub tül edilethey hadn't spent | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menjoyub tura edimjoyub turaemI had kept spending | senjoyub tura ediŋjoyub turaeŋyou had kept spending | oljoyub tura edijoyub turaedhe had kept spending | bizjoyub tura edikjoyub turaekwe had kept spending | sizjoyub tura edigizjoyub turaegizyou all had kept spending | alajoyub tura edilejoyub turaellethey had kept spending |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menjoyub turmay edimjoyub turmayemI hadn't kept spending | senjoyub turmay ediŋjoyub turmayeŋyou hadn't kept spending | oljoyub turmay edijoyub turmayedhe hadn't kept spending | bizjoyub turmay edikjoyub turmayekwe hadn't kept spending | sizjoyub turmay edigizjoyub turmayegizyou all hadn't kept spending | alajoyub turmay edilejoyub turmayellethey hadn't kept spending |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menjoya tura edimjoya turaemI was in the middle of spending | senjoya tura ediŋjoya turaeŋyou were in the middle of spending | oljoya tura edijoya turaedhe was in the middle of spending | bizjoya tura edikjoya turaekwe were in the middle of spending | sizjoya tura edigizjoya turaegizyou all were in the middle of spending | alajoya tura edilejoya turaellethey were in the middle of spending |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menjoya turmay edimjoya turmayemI wasn't in the middle of spending | senjoya turmay ediŋjoya turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of spending | oljoya turmay edijoya turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of spending | bizjoya turmay edikjoya turmayekwe weren't in the middle of spending | sizjoya turmay edigizjoya turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of spending | alajoya turmay edilejoya turmayellethey weren't in the middle of spending |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menjoyar edimjoyar emI would spend | senjoyar ediŋjoyar eŋyou would spend | oljoyar edijoyar edhe would spend | bizjoyar edikjoyar ekwe would spend | sizjoyar edigizjoyar egizyou all would spend | alajoyar edilejoyar ellethey would spend |
| Conditional result (would) | menjoymaz edimjoymaz emI wouldn't spend | senjoymaz ediŋjoymaz eŋyou wouldn't spend | oljoymaz edijoymaz edhe wouldn't spend | bizjoymaz edikjoymaz ekwe wouldn't spend | sizjoymaz edigizjoymaz egizyou all wouldn't spend | alajoymaz edilejoymaz ellethey wouldn't spend |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menjoyarıq edimjoyarıq emI would have spent | senjoyarıq ediŋjoyarıq eŋyou would have spent | oljoyarıq edijoyarıq edhe would have spent | bizjoyarıq edikjoyarıq ekwe would have spent | sizjoyarıq edigizjoyarıq egizyou all would have spent | alajoyarıq edilejoyarıq ellethey would have spent |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menjoyarıq tül edimjoyarıq tül emI wouldn't have spent | senjoyarıq tül ediŋjoyarıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have spent | oljoyarıq tül edijoyarıq tül edhe wouldn't have spent | bizjoyarıq tül edikjoyarıq tül ekwe wouldn't have spent | sizjoyarıq tül edigizjoyarıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have spent | alajoyarıq tül edilejoyarıq tül ellethey wouldn't have spent |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menjoysamif I spend | senjoysaŋif you spend | oljoysaif he spends | bizjoysaqif we spend | sizjoysağızif you all spend | alajoysalaif they spend |
| Conditional | menjoymasamif I don't spend | senjoymasaŋif you don't spend | oljoymasaif he doesn't spend | bizjoymasaqif we don't spend | sizjoymasağızif you all don't spend | alajoymasalaif they don't spend |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menjoya esemif I am spending | senjoya eseŋif you are spending | oljoya eseif he is spending | bizjoya esekif we are spending | sizjoya esegizif you all are spending | alajoya eseleif they are spending |
| Conditional, present real | menjoymay esemif I am not spending | senjoymay eseŋif you are not spending | oljoymay eseif he is not spending | bizjoymay esekif we are not spending | sizjoymay esegizif you all are not spending | alajoymay eseleif they are not spending |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menjoysam edijoysam edif only I spent | senjoysaŋ edijoysaŋ edif only you spent | oljoysa edijoysaedif only he spent | bizjoysaq edijoysaq edif only we spent | sizjoysağız edijoysağız edif only you all spent | alajoysala edijoysalaedif only they spent |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menjoymasam edijoymasam edif only I didn't spend | senjoymasaŋ edijoymasaŋ edif only you didn't spend | oljoymasa edijoymasaedif only he didn't spend | bizjoymasaq edijoymasaq edif only we didn't spend | sizjoymasağız edijoymasağız edif only you all didn't spend | alajoymasala edijoymasalaedif only they didn't spend |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menjoyub tursamif I carry on spending | senjoyub tursaŋif you carry on spending | oljoyub tursaif he carries on spending | bizjoyub tursaqif we carry on spending | sizjoyub tursağızif you all carry on spending | alajoyub tursalaif they carry on spending |
| Durative conditional | menjoyub turmasamif I don't carry on spending | senjoyub turmasaŋif you don't carry on spending | oljoyub turmasaif he doesn't carry on spending | bizjoyub turmasaqif we don't carry on spending | sizjoyub turmasağızif you all don't carry on spending | alajoyub turmasalaif they don't carry on spending |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menjoyub tura esemif I have kept spending | senjoyub tura eseŋif you have kept spending | oljoyub tura eseif he has kept spending | bizjoyub tura esekif we have kept spending | sizjoyub tura esegizif you all have kept spending | alajoyub tura eseleif they have kept spending |
| Durative conditional, present real | menjoyub turmay esemif I haven't kept spending | senjoyub turmay eseŋif you haven't kept spending | oljoyub turmay eseif he hasn't kept spending | bizjoyub turmay esekif we haven't kept spending | sizjoyub turmay esegizif you all haven't kept spending | alajoyub turmay eseleif they haven't kept spending |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menjoya tursamif I keep spending | senjoya tursaŋif you keep spending | oljoya tursaif he keeps spending | bizjoya tursaqif we keep spending | sizjoya tursağızif you all keep spending | alajoya tursalaif they keep spending |
| Progressive conditional | menjoymay tursamif I keep on not spending | senjoymay tursaŋif you keep on not spending | oljoymay tursaif he keeps on not spending | bizjoymay tursaqif we keep on not spending | sizjoymay tursağızif you all keep on not spending | alajoymay tursalaif they keep on not spending |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menjoya tura esemif I am in the middle of spending | senjoya tura eseŋif you are in the middle of spending | oljoya tura eseif he is in the middle of spending | bizjoya tura esekif we are in the middle of spending | sizjoya tura esegizif you all are in the middle of spending | alajoya tura eseleif they are in the middle of spending |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menjoymay tura esemif I keep on not spending | senjoymay tura eseŋif you keep on not spending | oljoymay tura eseif he keeps on not spending | bizjoymay tura esekif we keep on not spending | sizjoymay tura esegizif you all keep on not spending | alajoymay tura eseleif they keep on not spending |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menjoydum esemif I spent | senjoyduŋ eseŋif you spent | oljoydu eseif he spent | bizjoyduq esekif we spent | sizjoyduğuz esegizif you all spent | alajoydula eseleif they spent |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menjoymadım esemif I didn't spend | senjoymadıŋ eseŋif you didn't spend | oljoymadı eseif he didn't spend | bizjoymadıq esekif we didn't spend | sizjoymadığız esegizif you all didn't spend | alajoymadıla eseleif they didn't spend |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menjoyğan esemif I did spend (indeed) | senjoyğan eseŋif you did spend (indeed) | oljoyğan eseif he did spend (indeed) | bizjoyğan esekif we did spend (indeed) | sizjoyğan esegizif you all did spend (indeed) | alajoyğan eseleif they did spend (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menjoymağan esemif I didn't spend (indeed) | senjoymağan eseŋif you didn't spend (indeed) | oljoymağan eseif he didn't spend (indeed) | bizjoymağan esekif we didn't spend (indeed) | sizjoymağan esegizif you all didn't spend (indeed) | alajoymağan eseleif they didn't spend (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menjoyğan bolsamif I had spent | senjoyğan bolsaŋif you had spent | oljoyğan bolsaif he had spent | bizjoyğan bolsaqif we had spent | sizjoyğan bolsağızif you all had spent | alajoyğan bolsalaif they had spent |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menjoymağan bolsamif I hadn't spent | senjoymağan bolsaŋif you hadn't spent | oljoymağan bolsaif he hadn't spent | bizjoymağan bolsaqif we hadn't spent | sizjoymağan bolsağızif you all hadn't spent | alajoymağan bolsalaif they hadn't spent |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menjoyğan bolsam edijoyğan bolsam edif only I had spent | senjoyğan bolsaŋ edijoyğan bolsaŋ edif only you had spent | oljoyğan bolsa edijoyğan bolsaedif only he had spent | bizjoyğan bolsaq edijoyğan bolsaq edif only we had spent | sizjoyğan bolsağız edijoyğan bolsağız edif only you all had spent | alajoyğan bolsala edijoyğan bolsalaedif only they had spent |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menjoymağan bolsam edijoymağan bolsam edif only I hadn't spent | senjoymağan bolsaŋ edijoymağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't spent | oljoymağan bolsa edijoymağan bolsaedif only he hadn't spent | bizjoymağan bolsaq edijoymağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't spent | sizjoymağan bolsağız edijoymağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't spent | alajoymağan bolsala edijoymağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't spent |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menjoyar esemif I will spend | senjoyar eseŋif you will spend | oljoyar eseif he will spend | bizjoyar esekif we will spend | sizjoyar esegizif you all will spend | alajoyar eseleif they will spend |
| Conditional, aorist | menjoymaz esemif I won't spend | senjoymaz eseŋif you won't spend | oljoymaz eseif he won't spend | bizjoymaz esekif we won't spend | sizjoymaz esegizif you all won't spend | alajoymaz eseleif they won't spend |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menjoyarıq esemif I am going to spend | senjoyarıq eseŋif you are going to spend | oljoyarıq eseif he is going to spend | bizjoyarıq esekif we are going to spend | sizjoyarıq esegizif you all are going to spend | alajoyarıq eseleif they are going to spend |
| Conditional, future | menjoyarıq tül esemif I am not going to spend | senjoyarıq tül eseŋif you are not going to spend | oljoyarıq tül eseif he is not going to spend | bizjoyarıq tül esekif we are not going to spend | sizjoyarıq tül esegizif you all are not going to spend | alajoyarıq tül eseleif they are not going to spend |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menjoyarıq bolsamif I were going to spend | senjoyarıq bolsaŋif you were going to spend | oljoyarıq bolsaif he were going to spend | bizjoyarıq bolsaqif we were going to spend | sizjoyarıq bolsağızif you all were going to spend | alajoyarıq bolsalaif they were going to spend |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menjoymazlıq bolsamif I were not going to spend | senjoymazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to spend | oljoymazlıq bolsaif he were not going to spend | bizjoymazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to spend | sizjoymazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to spend | alajoymazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to spend |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso joyduŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menjoya bolurmaI must be spending | senjoya bolursayou must be spending | oljoya bolurhe must be spending | bizjoya bolurbuzwe must be spending | sizjoya bolursuzyou all must be spending | alajoya bolurlathey must be spending |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menjoymay bolurmaI must not be spending | senjoymay bolursayou must not be spending | oljoymay bolurhe must not be spending | bizjoymay bolurbuzwe must not be spending | sizjoymay bolursuzyou all must not be spending | alajoymay bolurlathey must not be spending |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menjoya tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of spending | senjoya tura bolursayou must be in the middle of spending | oljoya tura bolurhe must be in the middle of spending | bizjoya tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of spending | sizjoya tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of spending | alajoya tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of spending |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menjoymay tura bolurmaI must keep on not spending | senjoymay tura bolursayou must keep on not spending | oljoymay tura bolurhe must keep on not spending | bizjoymay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not spending | sizjoymay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not spending | alajoymay tura bolurlathey must keep on not spending |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menjoyğan bolurmaI must have spent | senjoyğan bolursayou must have spent | oljoyğan bolurhe must have spent | bizjoyğan bolurbuzwe must have spent | sizjoyğan bolursuzyou all must have spent | alajoyğan bolurlathey must have spent |
| Inference (must have) | menjoymağan bolurmaI must not have spent | senjoymağan bolursayou must not have spent | oljoymağan bolurhe must not have spent | bizjoymağan bolurbuzwe must not have spent | sizjoymağan bolursuzyou all must not have spent | alajoymağan bolurlathey must not have spent |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menjoyarıq bolurmaI must be going to spend | senjoyarıq bolursayou must be going to spend | oljoyarıq bolurhe must be going to spend | bizjoyarıq bolurbuzwe must be going to spend | sizjoyarıq bolursuzyou all must be going to spend | alajoyarıq bolurlathey must be going to spend |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menjoymazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to spend | senjoymazlıq bolursayou must not be going to spend | oljoymazlıq bolurhe must not be going to spend | bizjoymazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to spend | sizjoymazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to spend | alajoymazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to spend |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menjoyayımlet me spend | senjoy!spend! | oljoysunlet him spend | bizjoyayıqlet's spend | sizjoyuğuz!spend, you all! | alajoysunlalet them spend |
| Commands & suggestions | menjoymayımlet me not spend | senjoyma!don't spend! | oljoymasınlet him not spend | bizjoymayıqlet's not spend | sizjoymağız!don't spend, you all! | alajoymasınlalet them not spend |
| Commands & suggestions | menjoyayımmı?shall I spend? | oljoysunmu?should he spend? | bizjoyayıqmı?shall we spend? | alajoysunlamı?should they spend? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menjoymayımmı?shall I not spend? | oljoymasınmı?should he not spend? | bizjoymayıqmı?shall we not spend? | alajoymasınlamı?should they not spend? | ||
| Requests | senjoyçu2joyçunplease spend | oljoysunçudo let him spend | sizjoyçuğuzplease spend (plural/polite) | alajoysunlaçıdo let them spend | ||
| Requests | senjoymaçı2joymaçınplease don't spend | oljoymasınçıdo let him not spend | sizjoymaçığızplease don't spend (plural/polite) | alajoymasınlaçıdo let them not spend | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senjoyğunjoyğumay you spend | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senjoymağınjoymağımay you not spend | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menjoyğay edim joyğa edimwould that I spent | senjoyğay ediŋ joyğa ediŋwould that you spent | oljoyğay edi joyğa ediwould that he spent | bizjoyğay edik joyğa edikwould that we spent | sizjoyğay edigiz joyğa edigizwould that you all spent | alajoyğay edile joyğa edilewould that they spent |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menjoymağay edim joymağa edimwould that I did not spend | senjoymağay ediŋ joymağa ediŋwould that you did not spend | oljoymağay edi joymağa ediwould that he did not spend | bizjoymağay edik joymağa edikwould that we did not spend | sizjoymağay edigiz joymağa edigizwould that you all did not spend | alajoymağay edile joymağa edilewould that they did not spend |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menjoymağa qoyayımjoyma qoyayımlet me allow someone to spend | senjoymağa qoy!joyma qoy!let someone spend! | oljoymağa qoysunjoyma qoysunlet him allow someone to spend | bizjoymağa qoyayıqjoyma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to spend | sizjoymağa qoyuğuz!joyma qoyuğuz!let someone spend, you all! | alajoymağa qoysunlajoyma qoysunlalet them allow someone to spend |
| Let someone… (commands) | menjoymağa qoymayımjoyma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to spend | senjoymağa qoyma!joyma qoyma!don't let someone spend! | oljoymağa qoymasınjoyma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to spend | bizjoymağa qoymayıqjoyma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to spend | sizjoymağa qoymağız!joyma qoymağız!don't let someone spend, you all! | alajoymağa qoymasınlajoyma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to spend |
| Let someone… (commands) | menjoymağa qoyayımmı?joyma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to spend? | oljoymağa qoysunmu?joyma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to spend? | bizjoymağa qoyayıqmı?joyma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to spend? | alajoymağa qoysunlamı?joyma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to spend? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menjoymağa qoymayımmı?joyma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to spend? | oljoymağa qoymasınmı?joyma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to spend? | bizjoymağa qoymayıqmı?joyma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to spend? | alajoymağa qoymasınlamı?joyma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to spend? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menjoymağa qoyamajoyma qoyamaI allow someone to spend | senjoymağa qoyasajoyma qoyasayou allow someone to spend | oljoymağa qoyadıjoyma qoyadıhe allows someone to spend | bizjoymağa qoyabızjoyma qoyabızwe allow someone to spend | sizjoymağa qoyasızjoyma qoyasızyou all allow someone to spend | alajoymağa qoyadılajoyma qoyadılathey allow someone to spend |
| Let someone… (present) | menjoymağa qoymaymajoyma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to spend | senjoymağa qoymaysajoyma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to spend | oljoymağa qoymaydıjoyma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to spend | bizjoymağa qoymaybızjoyma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to spend | sizjoymağa qoymaysızjoyma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to spend | alajoymağa qoymaydılajoyma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to spend |
| Let someone… (present) | menjoymağa qoyamamı?joyma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to spend? | senjoymağa qoyamısa?joyma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to spend? | oljoymağa qoyamıdı?joyma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to spend? | bizjoymağa qoyabızmı?joyma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to spend? | sizjoymağa qoyamısız?joyma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to spend? | alajoymağa qoyamıdıla?joyma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to spend? |
| Let someone… (present) | menjoymağa qoymaymamı?joyma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to spend? | senjoymağa qoymaymısa?joyma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to spend? | oljoymağa qoymaymıdı?joyma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to spend? | bizjoymağa qoymaybızmı?joyma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to spend? | sizjoymağa qoymaymısız?joyma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to spend? | alajoymağa qoymaymıdıla?joyma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to spend? |
| Let someone… (past) | menjoymağa qoydumjoyma qoydumI allowed someone to spend | senjoymağa qoyduŋjoyma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to spend | oljoymağa qoydujoyma qoyduhe allowed someone to spend | bizjoymağa qoyduqjoyma qoyduqwe allowed someone to spend | sizjoymağa qoyduğuzjoyma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to spend | alajoymağa qoydulajoyma qoydulathey allowed someone to spend |
| Let someone… (past) | menjoymağa qoymadımjoyma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to spend | senjoymağa qoymadıŋjoyma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to spend | oljoymağa qoymadıjoyma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to spend | bizjoymağa qoymadıqjoyma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to spend | sizjoymağa qoymadığızjoyma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to spend | alajoymağa qoymadılajoyma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to spend |
| Let someone… (past) | menjoymağa qoydummu?joyma qoydummu?did I allow someone to spend? | senjoymağa qoyduŋmu?joyma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to spend? | oljoymağa qoydumu?joyma qoydumu?did he allow someone to spend? | bizjoymağa qoyduqmu?joyma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to spend? | sizjoymağa qoyduğuzmu?joyma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to spend? | alajoymağa qoydulamı?joyma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to spend? |
| Let someone… (past) | menjoymağa qoymadımmı?joyma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to spend? | senjoymağa qoymadıŋmı?joyma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to spend? | oljoymağa qoymadımı?joyma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to spend? | bizjoymağa qoymadıqmı?joyma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to spend? | sizjoymağa qoymadığızmı?joyma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to spend? | alajoymağa qoymadılamı?joyma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to spend? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
joyalırğa be able to spend · joyalmazğa be unable to spend
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menjoyalamaI can spend | senjoyalasayou can spend | oljoyaladıhe can spend | bizjoyalabızwe can spend | sizjoyalasızyou all can spend | alajoyaladılathey can spend |
| Ability — present | menjoyalmaymaI can't spend | senjoyalmaysayou can't spend | oljoyalmaydıhe can't spend | bizjoyalmaybızwe can't spend | sizjoyalmaysızyou all can't spend | alajoyalmaydılathey can't spend |
| Ability — present | menjoyalamamı? joyalamıma?can I spend? | senjoyalamısa?can you spend? | oljoyalamıdı?can he spend? | bizjoyalabızmı? joyalamıbız?can we spend? | sizjoyalamısız?can you all spend? | alajoyalamıdıla?can they spend? |
| Ability — present | menjoyalmaymamı? joyalmaymıma?can't I spend? | senjoyalmaymısa?can't you spend? | oljoyalmaymıdı?can't he spend? | bizjoyalmaybızmı? joyalmaymıbız?can't we spend? | sizjoyalmaymısız?can't you all spend? | alajoyalmaymıdıla?can't they spend? |
| Ability — if I can… | menjoyalsamif I can spend | senjoyalsaŋif you can spend | oljoyalsaif he can spend | bizjoyalsaqif we can spend | sizjoyalsağızif you all can spend | alajoyalsalaif they can spend |
| Ability — if I can… | menjoyalmasamif I can't spend | senjoyalmasaŋif you can't spend | oljoyalmasaif he can't spend | bizjoyalmasaqif we can't spend | sizjoyalmasağızif you all can't spend | alajoyalmasalaif they can't spend |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menjoyaldımI was able to spend | senjoyaldıŋyou were able to spend | oljoyaldıhe was able to spend | bizjoyaldıqwe were able to spend | sizjoyaldığızyou all were able to spend | alajoyaldılathey were able to spend |
| Ability — simple past | menjoyalmadımI could not spend | senjoyalmadıŋyou could not spend | oljoyalmadıhe could not spend | bizjoyalmadıqwe could not spend | sizjoyalmadığızyou all could not spend | alajoyalmadılathey could not spend |
| Ability — simple past | menjoyaldımmı?was I able to spend? | senjoyaldıŋmı?were you able to spend? | oljoyaldımı?was he able to spend? | bizjoyaldıqmı?were we able to spend? | sizjoyaldığızmı?were you all able to spend? | alajoyaldılamı?were they able to spend? |
| Ability — simple past | menjoyalmadımmı?couldn't I spend? | senjoyalmadıŋmı?couldn't you spend? | oljoyalmadımı?couldn't he spend? | bizjoyalmadıqmı?couldn't we spend? | sizjoyalmadığızmı?couldn't you all spend? | alajoyalmadılamı?couldn't they spend? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjoyalğanmaI have been able to spend | senjoyalğansayou have been able to spend | oljoyalğandıhe has been able to spend | bizjoyalğanbızwe have been able to spend | sizjoyalğansızyou all have been able to spend | alajoyalğandılathey have been able to spend |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjoyalmağanmaI haven't been able to spend | senjoyalmağansayou haven't been able to spend | oljoyalmağandıhe hasn't been able to spend | bizjoyalmağanbızwe haven't been able to spend | sizjoyalmağansızyou all haven't been able to spend | alajoyalmağandılathey haven't been able to spend |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjoyalğanmamı? joyalğanmıma?have I been able to spend? | senjoyalğanmısa?have you been able to spend? | oljoyalğanmıdı?has he been able to spend? | bizjoyalğanbızmı? joyalğanmıbız?have we been able to spend? | sizjoyalğanmısız?have you all been able to spend? | alajoyalğanmıdıla?have they been able to spend? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjoyalmağanmamı? joyalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to spend? | senjoyalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to spend? | oljoyalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to spend? | bizjoyalmağanbızmı? joyalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to spend? | sizjoyalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to spend? | alajoyalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to spend? |
| Ability — past perfect | menjoyalğan edimjoyalğanemI had been able to spend | senjoyalğan ediŋjoyalğaneŋyou had been able to spend | oljoyalğan edijoyalğanedhe had been able to spend | bizjoyalğan edikjoyalğanekwe had been able to spend | sizjoyalğan edigizjoyalğanegizyou all had been able to spend | alajoyalğan edilejoyalğanellethey had been able to spend |
| Ability — past perfect | menjoyalmağan edimjoyalmağanemI hadn't been able to spend | senjoyalmağan ediŋjoyalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to spend | oljoyalmağan edijoyalmağanedhe hadn't been able to spend | bizjoyalmağan edikjoyalmağanekwe hadn't been able to spend | sizjoyalmağan edigizjoyalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to spend | alajoyalmağan edilejoyalmağanellethey hadn't been able to spend |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menjoyala edimjoyalaemI could spend | senjoyala ediŋjoyalaeŋyou could spend | oljoyala edijoyalaedhe could spend | bizjoyala edikjoyalaekwe could spend | sizjoyala edigizjoyalaegizyou all could spend | alajoyala edilejoyalaellethey could spend |
| Ability — past background | menjoyalmay edimjoyalmayemI could not spend | senjoyalmay ediŋjoyalmayeŋyou could not spend | oljoyalmay edijoyalmayedhe could not spend | bizjoyalmay edikjoyalmayekwe could not spend | sizjoyalmay edigizjoyalmayegizyou all could not spend | alajoyalmay edilejoyalmayellethey could not spend |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menjoyalırmaI will be able to spend | senjoyalırsayou will be able to spend | oljoyalırhe will be able to spend | bizjoyalırbızwe will be able to spend | sizjoyalırsızyou all will be able to spend | alajoyalırlathey will be able to spend |
| Ability — future I | menjoyalmazmaI won't be able to spend | senjoyalmazsayou won't be able to spend | oljoyalmazhe won't be able to spend | bizjoyalmazbızwe won't be able to spend | sizjoyalmazsızyou all won't be able to spend | alajoyalmazlathey won't be able to spend |
| Ability — future I | menjoyalırmamı? joyalırmıma?will I be able to spend? | senjoyalırmısa?will you be able to spend? | oljoyalırmı?will he be able to spend? | bizjoyalırbızmı? joyalırmıbız?will we be able to spend? | sizjoyalırmısız?will you all be able to spend? | alajoyalırlamı? joyalırmıla?will they be able to spend? |
| Ability — future I | menjoyalmazmamı? joyalmazmıma?won't I be able to spend? | senjoyalmazmısa?won't you be able to spend? | oljoyalmazmı?won't he be able to spend? | bizjoyalmazbızmı? joyalmazmıbız?won't we be able to spend? | sizjoyalmazmısız?won't you all be able to spend? | alajoyalmazlamı? joyalmazmıla?won't they be able to spend? |
| Ability — future II | menjoyallıqmaI am going to be able to spend | senjoyallıqsayou are going to be able to spend | oljoyallıqdıhe is going to be able to spend | bizjoyallıqbızwe are going to be able to spend | sizjoyallıqsızyou all are going to be able to spend | alajoyallıqdılathey are going to be able to spend |
| Ability — future II | menjoyallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to spend | senjoyallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to spend | oljoyallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to spend | bizjoyallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to spend | sizjoyallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to spend | alajoyallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to spend |
| Ability — future II | menjoyallıqmamı? joyallıqmıma?am I going to be able to spend? | senjoyallıqmısa?are you going to be able to spend? | oljoyallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to spend? | bizjoyallıqbızmı? joyallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to spend? | sizjoyallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to spend? | alajoyallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to spend? |
| Ability — future II | menjoyallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to spend? | senjoyallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to spend? | oljoyallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to spend? | bizjoyallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to spend? | sizjoyallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to spend? | alajoyallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to spend? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menjoyalır edimjoyalır emI would be able to spend | senjoyalır ediŋjoyalır eŋyou would be able to spend | oljoyalır edijoyalır edhe would be able to spend | bizjoyalır edikjoyalır ekwe would be able to spend | sizjoyalır edigizjoyalır egizyou all would be able to spend | alajoyalır edilejoyalır ellethey would be able to spend |
| Ability — would be able to… | menjoyalmaz edimjoyalmaz emI wouldn't be able to spend | senjoyalmaz ediŋjoyalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to spend | oljoyalmaz edijoyalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to spend | bizjoyalmaz edikjoyalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to spend | sizjoyalmaz edigizjoyalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to spend | alajoyalmaz edilejoyalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to spend |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senjoyalğınjoyalğımay you be able to spend | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senjoyalmağınjoyalmağımay you not be able to spend | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menjoyarğa izleymeI want to spend | senjoyarğa izleyseyou want to spend | oljoyarğa izleydihe wants to spend | bizjoyarğa izleybizwe want to spend | sizjoyarğa izleysizyou all want to spend | alajoyarğa izleydilethey want to spend |
| want to | menjoyarğa izlemeymeI do not want to spend | senjoyarğa izlemeyseyou do not want to spend | oljoyarğa izlemeydihe does not want to spend | bizjoyarğa izlemeybizwe do not want to spend | sizjoyarğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to spend | alajoyarğa izlemeydilethey do not want to spend |
| would like to | menjoyarğa süemeI would like to spend | senjoyarğa süeseyou would like to spend | oljoyarğa süedihe would like to spend | bizjoyarğa süebizwe would like to spend | sizjoyarğa süesizyou all would like to spend | alajoyarğa süedilethey would like to spend |
| would like to | menjoyarğa süymeymeI would not like to spend | senjoyarğa süymeyseyou would not like to spend | oljoyarğa süymeydihe would not like to spend | bizjoyarğa süymeybizwe would not like to spend | sizjoyarğa süymeysizyou all would not like to spend | alajoyarğa süymeydilethey would not like to spend |
| hope to | menjoyarğa umutlanamaI hope to spend | senjoyarğa umutlanasayou hope to spend | oljoyarğa umutlanadıhe hopes to spend | bizjoyarğa umutlanabızwe hope to spend | sizjoyarğa umutlanasızyou all hope to spend | alajoyarğa umutlanadılathey hope to spend |
| hope to | menjoyarğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to spend | senjoyarğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to spend | oljoyarğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to spend | bizjoyarğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to spend | sizjoyarğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to spend | alajoyarğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to spend |
| be about to | menjoyarğa deb turamaI am about to spend | senjoyarğa deb turasayou are about to spend | oljoyarğa deb turadıhe is about to spend | bizjoyarğa deb turabızwe are about to spend | sizjoyarğa deb turasızyou all are about to spend | alajoyarğa deb turadılathey are about to spend |
| be about to | menjoyarğa deb turmaymaI am not about to spend | senjoyarğa deb turmaysayou are not about to spend | oljoyarğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to spend | bizjoyarğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to spend | sizjoyarğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to spend | alajoyarğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to spend |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menjoyarğa kerekmeI need to spend | senjoyarğa kerekseyou need to spend | oljoyarğa kerekdihe needs to spend | bizjoyarğa kerekbizwe need to spend | sizjoyarğa kereksizyou all need to spend | alajoyarğa kerekdilethey need to spend |
| need to | menjoyarğa kerek tülmeI do not need to spend | senjoyarğa kerek tülseyou do not need to spend | oljoyarğa kerek tüldühe does not need to spend | bizjoyarğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to spend | sizjoyarğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to spend | alajoyarğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to spend |
| have to | menmenŋe joyarğa tüşediI have to spend | sensenŋe joyarğa tüşediyou have to spend | olaŋa joyarğa tüşedihe has to spend | bizbizge joyarğa tüşediwe have to spend | sizsizge joyarğa tüşediyou all have to spend | alaalağa joyarğa tüşedithey have to spend |
| have to | menmenŋe joyarğa tüşmeydiI do not have to spend | sensenŋe joyarğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to spend | olaŋa joyarğa tüşmeydihe does not have to spend | bizbizge joyarğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to spend | sizsizge joyarğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to spend | alaalağa joyarğa tüşmeydithey do not have to spend |
| be obliged to | menjoyarğa borçlumaI am obliged to spend | senjoyarğa borçlusayou are obliged to spend | oljoyarğa borçluduhe is obliged to spend | bizjoyarğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to spend | sizjoyarğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to spend | alajoyarğa borçludulathey are obliged to spend |
| be obliged to | menjoyarğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to spend | senjoyarğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to spend | oljoyarğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to spend | bizjoyarğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to spend | sizjoyarğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to spend | alajoyarğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to spend |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menjoyarğa madarım bardıI have a way to spend | senjoyarğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to spend | oljoyarğa madarı bardıhe has a way to spend | bizjoyarğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to spend | sizjoyarğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to spend | alajoyarğa madarları bardıthey have a way to spend |
| have a way to | menjoyarğa madarım joqduI have no way to spend | senjoyarğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to spend | oljoyarğa madarı joqduhe has no way to spend | bizjoyarğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to spend | sizjoyarğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to spend | alajoyarğa madarları joqduthey have no way to spend |
| be free to | menjoyarğa erkinligim bardıI am free to spend | senjoyarğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to spend | oljoyarğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to spend | bizjoyarğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to spend | sizjoyarğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to spend | alajoyarğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to spend |
| be free to | menjoyarğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to spend | senjoyarğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to spend | oljoyarğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to spend | bizjoyarğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to spend | sizjoyarğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to spend | alajoyarğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to spend |
| be possible to | menmenŋe joyarğa bolluqduit is possible for me to spend | sensenŋe joyarğa bolluqduit is possible for you to spend | olaŋa joyarğa bolluqduit is possible for him to spend | bizbizge joyarğa bolluqduit is possible for us to spend | sizsizge joyarğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to spend | alaalağa joyarğa bolluqduit is possible for them to spend |
| be possible to | menmenŋe joyarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to spend | sensenŋe joyarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to spend | olaŋa joyarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to spend | bizbizge joyarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to spend | sizsizge joyarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to spend | alaalağa joyarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to spend |
| be ready to | menjoyarğa hazırmaI am ready to spend | senjoyarğa hazırsayou are ready to spend | oljoyarğa hazırdıhe is ready to spend | bizjoyarğa hazırbızwe are ready to spend | sizjoyarğa hazırsızyou all are ready to spend | alajoyarğa hazırdılathey are ready to spend |
| be ready to | menjoyarğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to spend | senjoyarğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to spend | oljoyarğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to spend | bizjoyarğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to spend | sizjoyarğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to spend | alajoyarğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to spend |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menjoyarğa küreşemeI am trying to spend | senjoyarğa küreşeseyou are trying to spend | oljoyarğa küreşedihe is trying to spend | bizjoyarğa küreşebizwe are trying to spend | sizjoyarğa küreşesizyou all are trying to spend | alajoyarğa küreşedilethey are trying to spend |
| try to | menjoyarğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to spend | senjoyarğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to spend | oljoyarğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to spend | bizjoyarğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to spend | sizjoyarğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to spend | alajoyarğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to spend |
| agree to | menjoyarğa unaymaI agree to spend | senjoyarğa unaysayou agree to spend | oljoyarğa unaydıhe agrees to spend | bizjoyarğa unaybızwe agree to spend | sizjoyarğa unaysızyou all agree to spend | alajoyarğa unaydılathey agree to spend |
| agree to | menjoyarğa unamaymaI refuse to spend | senjoyarğa unamaysayou refuse to spend | oljoyarğa unamaydıhe refuses to spend | bizjoyarğa unamaybızwe refuse to spend | sizjoyarğa unamaysızyou all refuse to spend | alajoyarğa unamaydılathey refuse to spend |
| hurry to | menjoyarğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to spend | senjoyarğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to spend | oljoyarğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to spend | bizjoyarğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to spend | sizjoyarğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to spend | alajoyarğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to spend |
| hurry to | menjoyarğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to spend | senjoyarğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to spend | oljoyarğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to spend | bizjoyarğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to spend | sizjoyarğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to spend | alajoyarğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to spend |
| be afraid to | menjoyarğa qorqamaI am afraid to spend | senjoyarğa qorqasayou are afraid to spend | oljoyarğa qorqadıhe is afraid to spend | bizjoyarğa qorqabızwe are afraid to spend | sizjoyarğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to spend | alajoyarğa qorqadılathey are afraid to spend |
| be afraid to | menjoyarğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to spend | senjoyarğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to spend | oljoyarğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to spend | bizjoyarğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to spend | sizjoyarğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to spend | alajoyarğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to spend |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menjoya bolmazmaI can't be spending | senjoya bolmazsayou can't be spending | oljoya bolmazhe can't be spending | bizjoya bolmazbızwe can't be spending | sizjoya bolmazsızyou all can't be spending | alajoya bolmazlathey can't be spending |
| Inference, present — double negation | menjoymay bolmazmaI must be spending (emphatic) | senjoymay bolmazsayou must be spending (emphatic) | oljoymay bolmazhe must be spending (emphatic) | bizjoymay bolmazbızwe must be spending (emphatic) | sizjoymay bolmazsızyou all must be spending (emphatic) | alajoymay bolmazlathey must be spending (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menjoya turmasamif I don't keep spending | senjoya turmasaŋif you don't keep spending | oljoya turmasaif he doesn't keep spending | bizjoya turmasaqif we don't keep spending | sizjoya turmasağızif you all don't keep spending | alajoya turmasalaif they don't keep spending |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menjoya tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of spending | senjoya tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of spending | oljoya tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of spending | bizjoya tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of spending | sizjoya tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of spending | alajoya tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of spending |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menjoymay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not spending (emphatic) | senjoymay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not spending (emphatic) | oljoymay tura bolmazhe must keep on not spending (emphatic) | bizjoymay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not spending (emphatic) | sizjoymay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not spending (emphatic) | alajoymay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not spending (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menjoymay turamaI keep on not spending | senjoymay turasayou keep on not spending | oljoymay turadıhe keeps on not spending | bizjoymay turabızwe keep on not spending | sizjoymay turasızyou all keep on not spending | alajoymay turadılathey keep on not spending |
| Progressive — double negation | menjoymay turmaymaI am not keeping on not spending | senjoymay turmaysayou are not keeping on not spending | oljoymay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not spending | bizjoymay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not spending | sizjoymay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not spending | alajoymay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not spending |
| Progressive — double negation | menjoymay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not spending? | senjoymay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not spending? | oljoymay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not spending? | bizjoymay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not spending? | sizjoymay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not spending? | alajoymay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not spending? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menjoyğan bolmazmaI can't have spent | senjoyğan bolmazsayou can't have spent | oljoyğan bolmazhe can't have spent | bizjoyğan bolmazbızwe can't have spent | sizjoyğan bolmazsızyou all can't have spent | alajoyğan bolmazlathey can't have spent |
| Inference — double negation | menjoymağan bolmazmaI must have spent (emphatic) | senjoymağan bolmazsayou must have spent (emphatic) | oljoymağan bolmazhe must have spent (emphatic) | bizjoymağan bolmazbızwe must have spent (emphatic) | sizjoymağan bolmazsızyou all must have spent (emphatic) | alajoymağan bolmazlathey must have spent (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menjoyğan bolmasamif it weren't that I had spent | senjoyğan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had spent | oljoyğan bolmasaif it weren't that he had spent | bizjoyğan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had spent | sizjoyğan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had spent | alajoyğan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had spent |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menjoymağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't spent | senjoymağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't spent | oljoymağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't spent | bizjoymağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't spent | sizjoymağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't spent | alajoymağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't spent |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menjoyarıq bolmazmaI can't be going to spend | senjoyarıq bolmazsayou can't be going to spend | oljoyarıq bolmazhe can't be going to spend | bizjoyarıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to spend | sizjoyarıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to spend | alajoyarıq bolmazlathey can't be going to spend |
| Inference, future — double negation | menjoymazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to spend (emphatic) | senjoymazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to spend (emphatic) | oljoymazlıq bolmazhe must be going to spend (emphatic) | bizjoymazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to spend (emphatic) | sizjoymazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to spend (emphatic) | alajoymazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to spend (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menjoyarıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to spend | senjoyarıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to spend | oljoyarıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to spend | bizjoyarıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to spend | sizjoyarıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to spend | alajoyarıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to spend |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menjoymazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to spend | senjoymazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to spend | oljoymazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to spend | bizjoymazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to spend | sizjoymazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to spend | alajoymazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to spend |