esgerirge
/esɡerirɡe/
1. recall, call to mind
- atamı esgereme — I recall my father
- men alayın artdan esgergenme — I recalled it afterward
- seni terk terk esgere turabız — we often recall you
- ölgenleribizni esgerib, mıdah bolduq — recalling our dead, we became sad
- men kesimi esgergenli — since I can remember myself
2. remember, keep in mind
- anı atın esgermeyme — I do not remember his name
- men atamı esgeralmayma — I cannot remember my father
- zamanlanı bügün kibik esgereme — I remember the times like today
3. come to one's senses, come round, pull oneself together
- ol kesin esgerdi — he came round
- kesiŋi esger — pull yourself together
- kesiŋi esgerirge — to come to one's senses
- ol esgerib, tögeregine qarağınçı — before he came to and looked around
4. notice, observe, see, become aware of
- jaŋılıçnı esgerdim — I noticed the mistake
- biz seni esgermedik — we did not notice you
- kişi anı esgermedi — nobody noticed it
- aqıllı kesini jaŋılıçın kesi esgerir — a clever person notices his own mistake himself
- qalay jetgenin da esgermey qaldı — did not even notice how it arrived
5. realize, understand, sense, feel
- ol anı esgerir — he will come to understand it
- men qorquw esgereme — I sense danger
- tersligiŋi esgerirge — to feel one's guilt
Conjugation
Common forms
- esgeredihe is recalling
- esgerdihe recalled
- esgergendihe has recalled
- esgerirhe will recall
- esgerlikdihe is going to recall
- esgere edihe was recalling
- esgerseif he recalls
- esger!recall!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menesgeremeI am recalling | senesgereseyou are recalling | olesgeredihe is recalling | bizesgerebizwe are recalling | sizesgeresizyou all are recalling | alaesgeredilethey are recalling |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menesgermeymeI am not recalling | senesgermeyseyou are not recalling | olesgermeydihe is not recalling | bizesgermeybizwe are not recalling | sizesgermeysizyou all are not recalling | alaesgermeydilethey are not recalling |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menesgerememi? esgeremime?am I recalling? | senesgeremise?are you recalling? | olesgeremidi?is he recalling? | bizesgerebizmi? esgeremibiz?are we recalling? | sizesgeremisiz?are you all recalling? | alaesgeremidile?are they recalling? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menesgermeymemi? esgermeymime?aren't I recalling? | senesgermeymise?aren't you recalling? | olesgermeymidi?isn't he recalling? | bizesgermeybizmi? esgermeymibiz?aren't we recalling? | sizesgermeymisiz?aren't you all recalling? | alaesgermeymidile?aren't they recalling? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menesgeriwçenmeI usually recall | senesgeriwçenseyou usually recall | olesgeriwçendihe usually recalls | bizesgeriwçenbizwe usually recall | sizesgeriwçensizyou all usually recall | alaesgeriwçendilethey usually recall |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menesgermewçenmeI usually don't recall | senesgermewçenseyou usually don't recall | olesgermewçendihe usually doesn't recall | bizesgermewçenbizwe usually don't recall | sizesgermewçensizyou all usually don't recall | alaesgermewçendilethey usually don't recall |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menesgeriwçenmemi? esgeriwçenmime?do I usually recall? | senesgeriwçenmise?do you usually recall? | olesgeriwçenmidi?does he usually recall? | bizesgeriwçenbizmi? esgeriwçenmibiz?do we usually recall? | sizesgeriwçenmisiz?do you all usually recall? | alaesgeriwçenmidile?do they usually recall? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menesgermewçenmemi? esgermewçenmime?do I usually not recall? | senesgermewçenmise?do you usually not recall? | olesgermewçenmidi?does he usually not recall? | bizesgermewçenbizmi? esgermewçenmibiz?do we usually not recall? | sizesgermewçenmisiz?do you all usually not recall? | alaesgermewçenmidile?do they usually not recall? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olesgeribdihe has recalled and remains so | alaesgeribdilethey have recalled and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olesgeribmidi?has he recalled? | alaesgeribmidile?have they recalled? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menesgerib turamaI keep recalling | senesgerib turasayou keep recalling | olesgerib turadıhe keeps recalling | bizesgerib turabızwe keep recalling | sizesgerib turasızyou all keep recalling | alaesgerib turadılathey keep recalling |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menesgerib turmaymaI don't keep recalling | senesgerib turmaysayou don't keep recalling | olesgerib turmaydıhe doesn't keep recalling | bizesgerib turmaybızwe don't keep recalling | sizesgerib turmaysızyou all don't keep recalling | alaesgerib turmaydılathey don't keep recalling |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menesgerib turamamı? esgerib turamıma?do I keep recalling? | senesgerib turamısa?do you keep recalling? | olesgerib turamıdı?does he keep recalling? | bizesgerib turabızmı? esgerib turamıbız?do we keep recalling? | sizesgerib turamısız?do you all keep recalling? | alaesgerib turamıdıla?do they keep recalling? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menesgerib turmaymamı? esgerib turmaymıma?don't I keep recalling? | senesgerib turmaymısa?don't you keep recalling? | olesgerib turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep recalling? | bizesgerib turmaybızmı? esgerib turmaymıbız?don't we keep recalling? | sizesgerib turmaymısız?don't you all keep recalling? | alaesgerib turmaymıdıla?don't they keep recalling? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menesgere turamaI am in the middle of recalling | senesgere turasayou are in the middle of recalling | olesgere turadıhe is in the middle of recalling | bizesgere turabızwe are in the middle of recalling | sizesgere turasızyou all are in the middle of recalling | alaesgere turadılathey are in the middle of recalling |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menesgere turmaymaI am not in the middle of recalling | senesgere turmaysayou are not in the middle of recalling | olesgere turmaydıhe is not in the middle of recalling | bizesgere turmaybızwe are not in the middle of recalling | sizesgere turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of recalling | alaesgere turmaydılathey are not in the middle of recalling |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menesgere turamamı? esgere turamıma?am I in the middle of recalling? | senesgere turamısa?are you in the middle of recalling? | olesgere turamıdı?is he in the middle of recalling? | bizesgere turabızmı? esgere turamıbız?are we in the middle of recalling? | sizesgere turamısız?are you all in the middle of recalling? | alaesgere turamıdıla?are they in the middle of recalling? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menesgere turmaymamı? esgere turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of recalling? | senesgere turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of recalling? | olesgere turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of recalling? | bizesgere turmaybızmı? esgere turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of recalling? | sizesgere turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of recalling? | alaesgere turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of recalling? |
| Simple past (definite) | menesgerdimI recalled | senesgerdiŋyou recalled | olesgerdihe recalled | bizesgerdikwe recalled | sizesgerdigizyou all recalled | alaesgerdilethey recalled |
| Simple past (definite) | menesgermedimI didn't recall | senesgermediŋyou didn't recall | olesgermedihe didn't recall | bizesgermedikwe didn't recall | sizesgermedigizyou all didn't recall | alaesgermedilethey didn't recall |
| Simple past (definite) | menesgerdimmi?did I recall? | senesgerdiŋmi?did you recall? | olesgerdimi?did he recall? | bizesgerdikmi?did we recall? | sizesgerdigizmi?did you all recall? | alaesgerdilemi?did they recall? |
| Simple past (definite) | menesgermedimmi?didn't I recall? | senesgermediŋmi?didn't you recall? | olesgermedimi?didn't he recall? | bizesgermedikmi?didn't we recall? | sizesgermedigizmi?didn't you all recall? | alaesgermedilemi?didn't they recall? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menesgergenmeI have recalled | senesgergenseyou have recalled | olesgergendihe has recalled | bizesgergenbizwe have recalled | sizesgergensizyou all have recalled | alaesgergendilethey have recalled |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menesgermegenmeI haven't recalled | senesgermegenseyou haven't recalled | olesgermegendihe hasn't recalled | bizesgermegenbizwe haven't recalled | sizesgermegensizyou all haven't recalled | alaesgermegendilethey haven't recalled |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menesgergenmemi? esgergenmime?have I recalled? | senesgergenmise?have you recalled? | olesgergenmidi?has he recalled? | bizesgergenbizmi? esgergenmibiz?have we recalled? | sizesgergenmisiz?have you all recalled? | alaesgergenmidile?have they recalled? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menesgermegenmemi? esgermegenmime?haven't I recalled? | senesgermegenmise?haven't you recalled? | olesgermegenmidi?hasn't he recalled? | bizesgermegenbizmi? esgermegenmibiz?haven't we recalled? | sizesgermegenmisiz?haven't you all recalled? | alaesgermegenmidile?haven't they recalled? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menesgerib turdumI kept recalling | senesgerib turduŋyou kept recalling | olesgerib turduhe kept recalling | bizesgerib turduqwe kept recalling | sizesgerib turduğuzyou all kept recalling | alaesgerib turdulathey kept recalling |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menesgerib turmadımI didn't keep recalling | senesgerib turmadıŋyou didn't keep recalling | olesgerib turmadıhe didn't keep recalling | bizesgerib turmadıqwe didn't keep recalling | sizesgerib turmadığızyou all didn't keep recalling | alaesgerib turmadılathey didn't keep recalling |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menesgerirmeI will recall | senesgerirseyou will recall | olesgerirhe will recall | bizesgerirbizwe will recall | sizesgerirsizyou all will recall | alaesgerirlethey will recall |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menesgermezmeI won't recall | senesgermezseyou won't recall | olesgermezhe won't recall | bizesgermezbizwe won't recall | sizesgermezsizyou all won't recall | alaesgermezlethey won't recall |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menesgerirmemi? esgerirmime?will I recall? | senesgerirmise?will you recall? | olesgerirmi?will he recall? | bizesgerirbizmi? esgerirmibiz?will we recall? | sizesgerirmisiz?will you all recall? | alaesgerirlemi? esgerirmile?will they recall? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menesgermezmemi? esgermezmime?won't I recall? | senesgermezmise?won't you recall? | olesgermezmi?won't he recall? | bizesgermezbizmi? esgermezmibiz?won't we recall? | sizesgermezmisiz?won't you all recall? | alaesgermezlemi? esgermezmile?won't they recall? |
| Definite future (future II) | menesgerlikme1esgerrikmeI am going to recall | senesgerlikse1esgerrikseyou are going to recall | olesgerlikdi1esgerrikdihe is going to recall | bizesgerlikbiz1esgerrikbizwe are going to recall | sizesgerliksiz1esgerriksizyou all are going to recall | alaesgerlikdile1esgerrikdilethey are going to recall |
| Definite future (future II) | menesgerlik tülme1esgerrik tülmeI am not going to recall | senesgerlik tülse1esgerrik tülseyou are not going to recall | olesgerlik tüldü1esgerrik tüldühe is not going to recall | bizesgerlik tülbüz1esgerrik tülbüzwe are not going to recall | sizesgerlik tülsüz1esgerrik tülsüzyou all are not going to recall | alaesgerlik tüldüle1esgerrik tüldülethey are not going to recall |
| Definite future (future II) | menesgerlikmemi?1 esgerlikmime?esgerrikmemi?am I going to recall? | senesgerlikmise?1esgerrikmise?are you going to recall? | olesgerlikmidi?1esgerrikmidi?is he going to recall? | bizesgerlikbizmi?1 esgerlikmibiz?esgerrikbizmi?are we going to recall? | sizesgerlikmisiz?1esgerrikmisiz?are you all going to recall? | alaesgerlikmidile?1esgerrikmidile?are they going to recall? |
| Definite future (future II) | menesgerlik tülmüme?1esgerrik tülmüme?aren't I going to recall? | senesgerlik tülmüse?1esgerrik tülmüse?aren't you going to recall? | olesgerlik tülmüdü?1esgerrik tülmüdü?isn't he going to recall? | bizesgerlik tülmübüz?1esgerrik tülmübüz?aren't we going to recall? | sizesgerlik tülmüsüz?1esgerrik tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to recall? | alaesgerlik tülmüdüle?1esgerrik tülmüdüle?aren't they going to recall? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Definite future (future II)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so esgerrikdi
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menesgergen edimesgergenemI had recalled | senesgergen ediŋesgergeneŋyou had recalled | olesgergen ediesgergenedhe had recalled | bizesgergen edikesgergenekwe had recalled | sizesgergen edigizesgergenegizyou all had recalled | alaesgergen edileesgergenellethey had recalled |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menesgermegen edimesgermegenemI hadn't recalled | senesgermegen ediŋesgermegeneŋyou hadn't recalled | olesgermegen ediesgermegenedhe hadn't recalled | bizesgermegen edikesgermegenekwe hadn't recalled | sizesgermegen edigizesgermegenegizyou all hadn't recalled | alaesgermegen edileesgermegenellethey hadn't recalled |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menesgere edimesgeremI was recalling | senesgere ediŋesgereŋyou were recalling | olesgere ediesgeredhe was recalling | bizesgere edikesgerekwe were recalling | sizesgere edigizesgeregizyou all were recalling | alaesgere edileesgerellethey were recalling |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menesgermey edimesgermeyemI wasn't recalling | senesgermey ediŋesgermeyeŋyou weren't recalling | olesgermey ediesgermeyedhe wasn't recalling | bizesgermey edikesgermeyekwe weren't recalling | sizesgermey edigizesgermeyegizyou all weren't recalling | alaesgermey edileesgermeyellethey weren't recalling |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menesgeriwçen edimesgeriwçenemI used to recall | senesgeriwçen ediŋesgeriwçeneŋyou used to recall | olesgeriwçen ediesgeriwçenedhe used to recall | bizesgeriwçen edikesgeriwçenekwe used to recall | sizesgeriwçen edigizesgeriwçenegizyou all used to recall | alaesgeriwçen edileesgeriwçenellethey used to recall |
| Habitual past (used to) | menesgermewçen edimesgermewçenemI didn't use to recall | senesgermewçen ediŋesgermewçeneŋyou didn't use to recall | olesgermewçen ediesgermewçenedhe didn't use to recall | bizesgermewçen edikesgermewçenekwe didn't use to recall | sizesgermewçen edigizesgermewçenegizyou all didn't use to recall | alaesgermewçen edileesgermewçenellethey didn't use to recall |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olesgerib edihe had recalled and remained so | alaesgerib edilethey had recalled and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olesgerib tül edihe hadn't recalled | alaesgerib tül edilethey hadn't recalled | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menesgerib tura edimesgerib turaemI had kept recalling | senesgerib tura ediŋesgerib turaeŋyou had kept recalling | olesgerib tura ediesgerib turaedhe had kept recalling | bizesgerib tura edikesgerib turaekwe had kept recalling | sizesgerib tura edigizesgerib turaegizyou all had kept recalling | alaesgerib tura edileesgerib turaellethey had kept recalling |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menesgerib turmay edimesgerib turmayemI hadn't kept recalling | senesgerib turmay ediŋesgerib turmayeŋyou hadn't kept recalling | olesgerib turmay ediesgerib turmayedhe hadn't kept recalling | bizesgerib turmay edikesgerib turmayekwe hadn't kept recalling | sizesgerib turmay edigizesgerib turmayegizyou all hadn't kept recalling | alaesgerib turmay edileesgerib turmayellethey hadn't kept recalling |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menesgere tura edimesgere turaemI was in the middle of recalling | senesgere tura ediŋesgere turaeŋyou were in the middle of recalling | olesgere tura ediesgere turaedhe was in the middle of recalling | bizesgere tura edikesgere turaekwe were in the middle of recalling | sizesgere tura edigizesgere turaegizyou all were in the middle of recalling | alaesgere tura edileesgere turaellethey were in the middle of recalling |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menesgere turmay edimesgere turmayemI wasn't in the middle of recalling | senesgere turmay ediŋesgere turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of recalling | olesgere turmay ediesgere turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of recalling | bizesgere turmay edikesgere turmayekwe weren't in the middle of recalling | sizesgere turmay edigizesgere turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of recalling | alaesgere turmay edileesgere turmayellethey weren't in the middle of recalling |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menesgerir edimesgerir emI would recall | senesgerir ediŋesgerir eŋyou would recall | olesgerir ediesgerir edhe would recall | bizesgerir edikesgerir ekwe would recall | sizesgerir edigizesgerir egizyou all would recall | alaesgerir edileesgerir ellethey would recall |
| Conditional result (would) | menesgermez edimesgermez emI wouldn't recall | senesgermez ediŋesgermez eŋyou wouldn't recall | olesgermez ediesgermez edhe wouldn't recall | bizesgermez edikesgermez ekwe wouldn't recall | sizesgermez edigizesgermez egizyou all wouldn't recall | alaesgermez edileesgermez ellethey wouldn't recall |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menesgerlik edim2esgerlik emesgerrik edimI would have recalled | senesgerlik ediŋ2esgerlik eŋesgerrik ediŋyou would have recalled | olesgerlik edi2esgerlik edesgerrik edihe would have recalled | bizesgerlik edik2esgerlik ekesgerrik edikwe would have recalled | sizesgerlik edigiz2esgerlik egizesgerrik edigizyou all would have recalled | alaesgerlik edile2esgerlik elleesgerrik edilethey would have recalled |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menesgerlik tül edim2esgerlik tül emesgerrik tül edimI wouldn't have recalled | senesgerlik tül ediŋ2esgerlik tül eŋesgerrik tül ediŋyou wouldn't have recalled | olesgerlik tül edi2esgerlik tül edesgerrik tül edihe wouldn't have recalled | bizesgerlik tül edik2esgerlik tül ekesgerrik tül edikwe wouldn't have recalled | sizesgerlik tül edigiz2esgerlik tül egizesgerrik tül edigizyou all wouldn't have recalled | alaesgerlik tül edile2esgerlik tül elleesgerrik tül edilethey wouldn't have recalled |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
- Past conditional result (would have)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so esgerrik edi
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menesgersemif I recall | senesgerseŋif you recall | olesgerseif he recalls | bizesgersekif we recall | sizesgersegizif you all recall | alaesgerseleif they recall |
| Conditional | menesgermesemif I don't recall | senesgermeseŋif you don't recall | olesgermeseif he doesn't recall | bizesgermesekif we don't recall | sizesgermesegizif you all don't recall | alaesgermeseleif they don't recall |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menesgere esemif I am recalling | senesgere eseŋif you are recalling | olesgere eseif he is recalling | bizesgere esekif we are recalling | sizesgere esegizif you all are recalling | alaesgere eseleif they are recalling |
| Conditional, present real | menesgermey esemif I am not recalling | senesgermey eseŋif you are not recalling | olesgermey eseif he is not recalling | bizesgermey esekif we are not recalling | sizesgermey esegizif you all are not recalling | alaesgermey eseleif they are not recalling |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menesgersem ediesgersem edif only I recalled | senesgerseŋ ediesgerseŋ edif only you recalled | olesgerse ediesgersedif only he recalled | bizesgersek ediesgersek edif only we recalled | sizesgersegiz ediesgersegiz edif only you all recalled | alaesgersele ediesgerseledif only they recalled |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menesgermesem ediesgermesem edif only I didn't recall | senesgermeseŋ ediesgermeseŋ edif only you didn't recall | olesgermese ediesgermesedif only he didn't recall | bizesgermesek ediesgermesek edif only we didn't recall | sizesgermesegiz ediesgermesegiz edif only you all didn't recall | alaesgermesele ediesgermeseledif only they didn't recall |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menesgerib tursamif I carry on recalling | senesgerib tursaŋif you carry on recalling | olesgerib tursaif he carries on recalling | bizesgerib tursaqif we carry on recalling | sizesgerib tursağızif you all carry on recalling | alaesgerib tursalaif they carry on recalling |
| Durative conditional | menesgerib turmasamif I don't carry on recalling | senesgerib turmasaŋif you don't carry on recalling | olesgerib turmasaif he doesn't carry on recalling | bizesgerib turmasaqif we don't carry on recalling | sizesgerib turmasağızif you all don't carry on recalling | alaesgerib turmasalaif they don't carry on recalling |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menesgerib tura esemif I have kept recalling | senesgerib tura eseŋif you have kept recalling | olesgerib tura eseif he has kept recalling | bizesgerib tura esekif we have kept recalling | sizesgerib tura esegizif you all have kept recalling | alaesgerib tura eseleif they have kept recalling |
| Durative conditional, present real | menesgerib turmay esemif I haven't kept recalling | senesgerib turmay eseŋif you haven't kept recalling | olesgerib turmay eseif he hasn't kept recalling | bizesgerib turmay esekif we haven't kept recalling | sizesgerib turmay esegizif you all haven't kept recalling | alaesgerib turmay eseleif they haven't kept recalling |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menesgere tursamif I keep recalling | senesgere tursaŋif you keep recalling | olesgere tursaif he keeps recalling | bizesgere tursaqif we keep recalling | sizesgere tursağızif you all keep recalling | alaesgere tursalaif they keep recalling |
| Progressive conditional | menesgermey tursamif I keep on not recalling | senesgermey tursaŋif you keep on not recalling | olesgermey tursaif he keeps on not recalling | bizesgermey tursaqif we keep on not recalling | sizesgermey tursağızif you all keep on not recalling | alaesgermey tursalaif they keep on not recalling |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menesgere tura esemif I am in the middle of recalling | senesgere tura eseŋif you are in the middle of recalling | olesgere tura eseif he is in the middle of recalling | bizesgere tura esekif we are in the middle of recalling | sizesgere tura esegizif you all are in the middle of recalling | alaesgere tura eseleif they are in the middle of recalling |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menesgermey tura esemif I keep on not recalling | senesgermey tura eseŋif you keep on not recalling | olesgermey tura eseif he keeps on not recalling | bizesgermey tura esekif we keep on not recalling | sizesgermey tura esegizif you all keep on not recalling | alaesgermey tura eseleif they keep on not recalling |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past3 | menesgerdim esemif I recalled | senesgerdiŋ eseŋif you recalled | olesgerdi eseif he recalled | bizesgerdik esekif we recalled | sizesgerdigiz esegizif you all recalled | alaesgerdile eseleif they recalled |
| Conditional, definite past3 | menesgermedim esemif I didn't recall | senesgermediŋ eseŋif you didn't recall | olesgermedi eseif he didn't recall | bizesgermedik esekif we didn't recall | sizesgermedigiz esegizif you all didn't recall | alaesgermedile eseleif they didn't recall |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menesgergen esemif I did recall (indeed) | senesgergen eseŋif you did recall (indeed) | olesgergen eseif he did recall (indeed) | bizesgergen esekif we did recall (indeed) | sizesgergen esegizif you all did recall (indeed) | alaesgergen eseleif they did recall (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menesgermegen esemif I didn't recall (indeed) | senesgermegen eseŋif you didn't recall (indeed) | olesgermegen eseif he didn't recall (indeed) | bizesgermegen esekif we didn't recall (indeed) | sizesgermegen esegizif you all didn't recall (indeed) | alaesgermegen eseleif they didn't recall (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menesgergen bolsamif I had recalled | senesgergen bolsaŋif you had recalled | olesgergen bolsaif he had recalled | bizesgergen bolsaqif we had recalled | sizesgergen bolsağızif you all had recalled | alaesgergen bolsalaif they had recalled |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menesgermegen bolsamif I hadn't recalled | senesgermegen bolsaŋif you hadn't recalled | olesgermegen bolsaif he hadn't recalled | bizesgermegen bolsaqif we hadn't recalled | sizesgermegen bolsağızif you all hadn't recalled | alaesgermegen bolsalaif they hadn't recalled |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menesgergen bolsam ediesgergen bolsam edif only I had recalled | senesgergen bolsaŋ ediesgergen bolsaŋ edif only you had recalled | olesgergen bolsa ediesgergen bolsaedif only he had recalled | bizesgergen bolsaq ediesgergen bolsaq edif only we had recalled | sizesgergen bolsağız ediesgergen bolsağız edif only you all had recalled | alaesgergen bolsala ediesgergen bolsalaedif only they had recalled |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menesgermegen bolsam ediesgermegen bolsam edif only I hadn't recalled | senesgermegen bolsaŋ ediesgermegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't recalled | olesgermegen bolsa ediesgermegen bolsaedif only he hadn't recalled | bizesgermegen bolsaq ediesgermegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't recalled | sizesgermegen bolsağız ediesgermegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't recalled | alaesgermegen bolsala ediesgermegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't recalled |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menesgerir esemif I will recall | senesgerir eseŋif you will recall | olesgerir eseif he will recall | bizesgerir esekif we will recall | sizesgerir esegizif you all will recall | alaesgerir eseleif they will recall |
| Conditional, aorist | menesgermez esemif I won't recall | senesgermez eseŋif you won't recall | olesgermez eseif he won't recall | bizesgermez esekif we won't recall | sizesgermez esegizif you all won't recall | alaesgermez eseleif they won't recall |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menesgerlik esem4esgerrik esemif I am going to recall | senesgerlik eseŋ4esgerrik eseŋif you are going to recall | olesgerlik ese4esgerrik eseif he is going to recall | bizesgerlik esek4esgerrik esekif we are going to recall | sizesgerlik esegiz4esgerrik esegizif you all are going to recall | alaesgerlik esele4esgerrik eseleif they are going to recall |
| Conditional, future | menesgerlik tül esem4esgerrik tül esemif I am not going to recall | senesgerlik tül eseŋ4esgerrik tül eseŋif you are not going to recall | olesgerlik tül ese4esgerrik tül eseif he is not going to recall | bizesgerlik tül esek4esgerrik tül esekif we are not going to recall | sizesgerlik tül esegiz4esgerrik tül esegizif you all are not going to recall | alaesgerlik tül esele4esgerrik tül eseleif they are not going to recall |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menesgerlik bolsam5esgerrik bolsamif I were going to recall | senesgerlik bolsaŋ5esgerrik bolsaŋif you were going to recall | olesgerlik bolsa5esgerrik bolsaif he were going to recall | bizesgerlik bolsaq5esgerrik bolsaqif we were going to recall | sizesgerlik bolsağız5esgerrik bolsağızif you all were going to recall | alaesgerlik bolsala5esgerrik bolsalaif they were going to recall |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menesgermezlik bolsamif I were not going to recall | senesgermezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to recall | olesgermezlik bolsaif he were not going to recall | bizesgermezlik bolsaqif we were not going to recall | sizesgermezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to recall | alaesgermezlik bolsalaif they were not going to recall |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso esgerdiŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
- Conditional, futurespoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so esgerrik ese
- Conditional, counterfactual futurespoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so esgerrik bolsa
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menesgere bolurmaI must be recalling | senesgere bolursayou must be recalling | olesgere bolurhe must be recalling | bizesgere bolurbuzwe must be recalling | sizesgere bolursuzyou all must be recalling | alaesgere bolurlathey must be recalling |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menesgermey bolurmaI must not be recalling | senesgermey bolursayou must not be recalling | olesgermey bolurhe must not be recalling | bizesgermey bolurbuzwe must not be recalling | sizesgermey bolursuzyou all must not be recalling | alaesgermey bolurlathey must not be recalling |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menesgere tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of recalling | senesgere tura bolursayou must be in the middle of recalling | olesgere tura bolurhe must be in the middle of recalling | bizesgere tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of recalling | sizesgere tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of recalling | alaesgere tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of recalling |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menesgermey tura bolurmaI must keep on not recalling | senesgermey tura bolursayou must keep on not recalling | olesgermey tura bolurhe must keep on not recalling | bizesgermey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not recalling | sizesgermey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not recalling | alaesgermey tura bolurlathey must keep on not recalling |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menesgergen bolurmaI must have recalled | senesgergen bolursayou must have recalled | olesgergen bolurhe must have recalled | bizesgergen bolurbuzwe must have recalled | sizesgergen bolursuzyou all must have recalled | alaesgergen bolurlathey must have recalled |
| Inference (must have) | menesgermegen bolurmaI must not have recalled | senesgermegen bolursayou must not have recalled | olesgermegen bolurhe must not have recalled | bizesgermegen bolurbuzwe must not have recalled | sizesgermegen bolursuzyou all must not have recalled | alaesgermegen bolurlathey must not have recalled |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menesgerlik bolurma6esgerrik bolurmaI must be going to recall | senesgerlik bolursa6esgerrik bolursayou must be going to recall | olesgerlik bolur6esgerrik bolurhe must be going to recall | bizesgerlik bolurbuz6esgerrik bolurbuzwe must be going to recall | sizesgerlik bolursuz6esgerrik bolursuzyou all must be going to recall | alaesgerlik bolurla6esgerrik bolurlathey must be going to recall |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menesgermezlik bolurmaI must not be going to recall | senesgermezlik bolursayou must not be going to recall | olesgermezlik bolurhe must not be going to recall | bizesgermezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to recall | sizesgermezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to recall | alaesgermezlik bolurlathey must not be going to recall |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Inference, future (must be going to)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so esgerrik bolur
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menesgereyimlet me recall | senesger!recall! | olesgersinlet him recall | bizesgereyiklet's recall | sizesgerigiz!recall, you all! | alaesgersinlelet them recall |
| Commands & suggestions | menesgermeyimlet me not recall | senesgerme!don't recall! | olesgermesinlet him not recall | bizesgermeyiklet's not recall | sizesgermegiz!don't recall, you all! | alaesgermesinlelet them not recall |
| Commands & suggestions | menesgereyimmi?shall I recall? | olesgersinmi?should he recall? | bizesgereyikmi?shall we recall? | alaesgersinlemi?should they recall? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menesgermeyimmi?shall I not recall? | olesgermesinmi?should he not recall? | bizesgermeyikmi?shall we not recall? | alaesgermesinlemi?should they not recall? | ||
| Requests | senesgerçi7esgerçinplease recall | olesgersinçido let him recall | sizesgerçigizplease recall (plural/polite) | alaesgersinleçido let them recall | ||
| Requests | senesgermeçi7esgermeçinplease don't recall | olesgermesinçido let him not recall | sizesgermeçigizplease don't recall (plural/polite) | alaesgermesinleçido let them not recall | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senesgerginesgergimay you recall | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senesgermeginesgermegimay you not recall | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menesgergey edim esgerge edimwould that I recalled | senesgergey ediŋ esgerge ediŋwould that you recalled | olesgergey edi esgerge ediwould that he recalled | bizesgergey edik esgerge edikwould that we recalled | sizesgergey edigiz esgerge edigizwould that you all recalled | alaesgergey edile esgerge edilewould that they recalled |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menesgermegey edim esgermege edimwould that I did not recall | senesgermegey ediŋ esgermege ediŋwould that you did not recall | olesgermegey edi esgermege ediwould that he did not recall | bizesgermegey edik esgermege edikwould that we did not recall | sizesgermegey edigiz esgermege edigizwould that you all did not recall | alaesgermegey edile esgermege edilewould that they did not recall |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menesgermege qoyayımesgerme qoyayımlet me allow someone to recall | senesgermege qoy!esgerme qoy!let someone recall! | olesgermege qoysunesgerme qoysunlet him allow someone to recall | bizesgermege qoyayıqesgerme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to recall | sizesgermege qoyuğuz!esgerme qoyuğuz!let someone recall, you all! | alaesgermege qoysunlaesgerme qoysunlalet them allow someone to recall |
| Let someone… (commands) | menesgermege qoymayımesgerme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to recall | senesgermege qoyma!esgerme qoyma!don't let someone recall! | olesgermege qoymasınesgerme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to recall | bizesgermege qoymayıqesgerme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to recall | sizesgermege qoymağız!esgerme qoymağız!don't let someone recall, you all! | alaesgermege qoymasınlaesgerme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to recall |
| Let someone… (commands) | menesgermege qoyayımmı?esgerme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to recall? | olesgermege qoysunmu?esgerme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to recall? | bizesgermege qoyayıqmı?esgerme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to recall? | alaesgermege qoysunlamı?esgerme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to recall? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menesgermege qoymayımmı?esgerme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to recall? | olesgermege qoymasınmı?esgerme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to recall? | bizesgermege qoymayıqmı?esgerme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to recall? | alaesgermege qoymasınlamı?esgerme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to recall? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menesgermege qoyamaesgerme qoyamaI allow someone to recall | senesgermege qoyasaesgerme qoyasayou allow someone to recall | olesgermege qoyadıesgerme qoyadıhe allows someone to recall | bizesgermege qoyabızesgerme qoyabızwe allow someone to recall | sizesgermege qoyasızesgerme qoyasızyou all allow someone to recall | alaesgermege qoyadılaesgerme qoyadılathey allow someone to recall |
| Let someone… (present) | menesgermege qoymaymaesgerme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to recall | senesgermege qoymaysaesgerme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to recall | olesgermege qoymaydıesgerme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to recall | bizesgermege qoymaybızesgerme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to recall | sizesgermege qoymaysızesgerme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to recall | alaesgermege qoymaydılaesgerme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to recall |
| Let someone… (present) | menesgermege qoyamamı?esgerme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to recall? | senesgermege qoyamısa?esgerme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to recall? | olesgermege qoyamıdı?esgerme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to recall? | bizesgermege qoyabızmı?esgerme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to recall? | sizesgermege qoyamısız?esgerme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to recall? | alaesgermege qoyamıdıla?esgerme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to recall? |
| Let someone… (present) | menesgermege qoymaymamı?esgerme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to recall? | senesgermege qoymaymısa?esgerme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to recall? | olesgermege qoymaymıdı?esgerme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to recall? | bizesgermege qoymaybızmı?esgerme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to recall? | sizesgermege qoymaymısız?esgerme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to recall? | alaesgermege qoymaymıdıla?esgerme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to recall? |
| Let someone… (past) | menesgermege qoydumesgerme qoydumI allowed someone to recall | senesgermege qoyduŋesgerme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to recall | olesgermege qoyduesgerme qoyduhe allowed someone to recall | bizesgermege qoyduqesgerme qoyduqwe allowed someone to recall | sizesgermege qoyduğuzesgerme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to recall | alaesgermege qoydulaesgerme qoydulathey allowed someone to recall |
| Let someone… (past) | menesgermege qoymadımesgerme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to recall | senesgermege qoymadıŋesgerme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to recall | olesgermege qoymadıesgerme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to recall | bizesgermege qoymadıqesgerme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to recall | sizesgermege qoymadığızesgerme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to recall | alaesgermege qoymadılaesgerme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to recall |
| Let someone… (past) | menesgermege qoydummu?esgerme qoydummu?did I allow someone to recall? | senesgermege qoyduŋmu?esgerme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to recall? | olesgermege qoydumu?esgerme qoydumu?did he allow someone to recall? | bizesgermege qoyduqmu?esgerme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to recall? | sizesgermege qoyduğuzmu?esgerme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to recall? | alaesgermege qoydulamı?esgerme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to recall? |
| Let someone… (past) | menesgermege qoymadımmı?esgerme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to recall? | senesgermege qoymadıŋmı?esgerme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to recall? | olesgermege qoymadımı?esgerme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to recall? | bizesgermege qoymadıqmı?esgerme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to recall? | sizesgermege qoymadığızmı?esgerme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to recall? | alaesgermege qoymadılamı?esgerme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to recall? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menesgeralamaI can recall | senesgeralasayou can recall | olesgeraladıhe can recall | bizesgeralabızwe can recall | sizesgeralasızyou all can recall | alaesgeraladılathey can recall |
| Ability — present | menesgeralmaymaI can't recall | senesgeralmaysayou can't recall | olesgeralmaydıhe can't recall | bizesgeralmaybızwe can't recall | sizesgeralmaysızyou all can't recall | alaesgeralmaydılathey can't recall |
| Ability — present | menesgeralamamı? esgeralamıma?can I recall? | senesgeralamısa?can you recall? | olesgeralamıdı?can he recall? | bizesgeralabızmı? esgeralamıbız?can we recall? | sizesgeralamısız?can you all recall? | alaesgeralamıdıla?can they recall? |
| Ability — present | menesgeralmaymamı? esgeralmaymıma?can't I recall? | senesgeralmaymısa?can't you recall? | olesgeralmaymıdı?can't he recall? | bizesgeralmaybızmı? esgeralmaymıbız?can't we recall? | sizesgeralmaymısız?can't you all recall? | alaesgeralmaymıdıla?can't they recall? |
| Ability — if I can… | menesgeralsamif I can recall | senesgeralsaŋif you can recall | olesgeralsaif he can recall | bizesgeralsaqif we can recall | sizesgeralsağızif you all can recall | alaesgeralsalaif they can recall |
| Ability — if I can… | menesgeralmasamif I can't recall | senesgeralmasaŋif you can't recall | olesgeralmasaif he can't recall | bizesgeralmasaqif we can't recall | sizesgeralmasağızif you all can't recall | alaesgeralmasalaif they can't recall |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menesgeraldımI was able to recall | senesgeraldıŋyou were able to recall | olesgeraldıhe was able to recall | bizesgeraldıqwe were able to recall | sizesgeraldığızyou all were able to recall | alaesgeraldılathey were able to recall |
| Ability — simple past | menesgeralmadımI could not recall | senesgeralmadıŋyou could not recall | olesgeralmadıhe could not recall | bizesgeralmadıqwe could not recall | sizesgeralmadığızyou all could not recall | alaesgeralmadılathey could not recall |
| Ability — simple past | menesgeraldımmı?was I able to recall? | senesgeraldıŋmı?were you able to recall? | olesgeraldımı?was he able to recall? | bizesgeraldıqmı?were we able to recall? | sizesgeraldığızmı?were you all able to recall? | alaesgeraldılamı?were they able to recall? |
| Ability — simple past | menesgeralmadımmı?couldn't I recall? | senesgeralmadıŋmı?couldn't you recall? | olesgeralmadımı?couldn't he recall? | bizesgeralmadıqmı?couldn't we recall? | sizesgeralmadığızmı?couldn't you all recall? | alaesgeralmadılamı?couldn't they recall? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menesgeralğanmaI have been able to recall | senesgeralğansayou have been able to recall | olesgeralğandıhe has been able to recall | bizesgeralğanbızwe have been able to recall | sizesgeralğansızyou all have been able to recall | alaesgeralğandılathey have been able to recall |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menesgeralmağanmaI haven't been able to recall | senesgeralmağansayou haven't been able to recall | olesgeralmağandıhe hasn't been able to recall | bizesgeralmağanbızwe haven't been able to recall | sizesgeralmağansızyou all haven't been able to recall | alaesgeralmağandılathey haven't been able to recall |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menesgeralğanmamı? esgeralğanmıma?have I been able to recall? | senesgeralğanmısa?have you been able to recall? | olesgeralğanmıdı?has he been able to recall? | bizesgeralğanbızmı? esgeralğanmıbız?have we been able to recall? | sizesgeralğanmısız?have you all been able to recall? | alaesgeralğanmıdıla?have they been able to recall? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menesgeralmağanmamı? esgeralmağanmıma?haven't I been able to recall? | senesgeralmağanmısa?haven't you been able to recall? | olesgeralmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to recall? | bizesgeralmağanbızmı? esgeralmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to recall? | sizesgeralmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to recall? | alaesgeralmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to recall? |
| Ability — past perfect | menesgeralğan edimesgeralğanemI had been able to recall | senesgeralğan ediŋesgeralğaneŋyou had been able to recall | olesgeralğan ediesgeralğanedhe had been able to recall | bizesgeralğan edikesgeralğanekwe had been able to recall | sizesgeralğan edigizesgeralğanegizyou all had been able to recall | alaesgeralğan edileesgeralğanellethey had been able to recall |
| Ability — past perfect | menesgeralmağan edimesgeralmağanemI hadn't been able to recall | senesgeralmağan ediŋesgeralmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to recall | olesgeralmağan ediesgeralmağanedhe hadn't been able to recall | bizesgeralmağan edikesgeralmağanekwe hadn't been able to recall | sizesgeralmağan edigizesgeralmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to recall | alaesgeralmağan edileesgeralmağanellethey hadn't been able to recall |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menesgerala edimesgeralaemI could recall | senesgerala ediŋesgeralaeŋyou could recall | olesgerala ediesgeralaedhe could recall | bizesgerala edikesgeralaekwe could recall | sizesgerala edigizesgeralaegizyou all could recall | alaesgerala edileesgeralaellethey could recall |
| Ability — past background | menesgeralmay edimesgeralmayemI could not recall | senesgeralmay ediŋesgeralmayeŋyou could not recall | olesgeralmay ediesgeralmayedhe could not recall | bizesgeralmay edikesgeralmayekwe could not recall | sizesgeralmay edigizesgeralmayegizyou all could not recall | alaesgeralmay edileesgeralmayellethey could not recall |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menesgeralırmaI will be able to recall | senesgeralırsayou will be able to recall | olesgeralırhe will be able to recall | bizesgeralırbızwe will be able to recall | sizesgeralırsızyou all will be able to recall | alaesgeralırlathey will be able to recall |
| Ability — future I | menesgeralmazmaI won't be able to recall | senesgeralmazsayou won't be able to recall | olesgeralmazhe won't be able to recall | bizesgeralmazbızwe won't be able to recall | sizesgeralmazsızyou all won't be able to recall | alaesgeralmazlathey won't be able to recall |
| Ability — future I | menesgeralırmamı? esgeralırmıma?will I be able to recall? | senesgeralırmısa?will you be able to recall? | olesgeralırmı?will he be able to recall? | bizesgeralırbızmı? esgeralırmıbız?will we be able to recall? | sizesgeralırmısız?will you all be able to recall? | alaesgeralırlamı? esgeralırmıla?will they be able to recall? |
| Ability — future I | menesgeralmazmamı? esgeralmazmıma?won't I be able to recall? | senesgeralmazmısa?won't you be able to recall? | olesgeralmazmı?won't he be able to recall? | bizesgeralmazbızmı? esgeralmazmıbız?won't we be able to recall? | sizesgeralmazmısız?won't you all be able to recall? | alaesgeralmazlamı? esgeralmazmıla?won't they be able to recall? |
| Ability — future II | menesgerallıqmaI am going to be able to recall | senesgerallıqsayou are going to be able to recall | olesgerallıqdıhe is going to be able to recall | bizesgerallıqbızwe are going to be able to recall | sizesgerallıqsızyou all are going to be able to recall | alaesgerallıqdılathey are going to be able to recall |
| Ability — future II | menesgerallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to recall | senesgerallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to recall | olesgerallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to recall | bizesgerallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to recall | sizesgerallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to recall | alaesgerallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to recall |
| Ability — future II | menesgerallıqmamı? esgerallıqmıma?am I going to be able to recall? | senesgerallıqmısa?are you going to be able to recall? | olesgerallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to recall? | bizesgerallıqbızmı? esgerallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to recall? | sizesgerallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to recall? | alaesgerallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to recall? |
| Ability — future II | menesgerallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to recall? | senesgerallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to recall? | olesgerallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to recall? | bizesgerallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to recall? | sizesgerallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to recall? | alaesgerallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to recall? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menesgeralır edimesgeralır emI would be able to recall | senesgeralır ediŋesgeralır eŋyou would be able to recall | olesgeralır ediesgeralır edhe would be able to recall | bizesgeralır edikesgeralır ekwe would be able to recall | sizesgeralır edigizesgeralır egizyou all would be able to recall | alaesgeralır edileesgeralır ellethey would be able to recall |
| Ability — would be able to… | menesgeralmaz edimesgeralmaz emI wouldn't be able to recall | senesgeralmaz ediŋesgeralmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to recall | olesgeralmaz ediesgeralmaz edhe wouldn't be able to recall | bizesgeralmaz edikesgeralmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to recall | sizesgeralmaz edigizesgeralmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to recall | alaesgeralmaz edileesgeralmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to recall |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senesgeralğınesgeralğımay you be able to recall | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senesgeralmağınesgeralmağımay you not be able to recall | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menesgerirge izleymeI want to recall | senesgerirge izleyseyou want to recall | olesgerirge izleydihe wants to recall | bizesgerirge izleybizwe want to recall | sizesgerirge izleysizyou all want to recall | alaesgerirge izleydilethey want to recall |
| want to | menesgerirge izlemeymeI do not want to recall | senesgerirge izlemeyseyou do not want to recall | olesgerirge izlemeydihe does not want to recall | bizesgerirge izlemeybizwe do not want to recall | sizesgerirge izlemeysizyou all do not want to recall | alaesgerirge izlemeydilethey do not want to recall |
| would like to | menesgerirge süemeI would like to recall | senesgerirge süeseyou would like to recall | olesgerirge süedihe would like to recall | bizesgerirge süebizwe would like to recall | sizesgerirge süesizyou all would like to recall | alaesgerirge süedilethey would like to recall |
| would like to | menesgerirge süymeymeI would not like to recall | senesgerirge süymeyseyou would not like to recall | olesgerirge süymeydihe would not like to recall | bizesgerirge süymeybizwe would not like to recall | sizesgerirge süymeysizyou all would not like to recall | alaesgerirge süymeydilethey would not like to recall |
| hope to | menesgerirge umutlanamaI hope to recall | senesgerirge umutlanasayou hope to recall | olesgerirge umutlanadıhe hopes to recall | bizesgerirge umutlanabızwe hope to recall | sizesgerirge umutlanasızyou all hope to recall | alaesgerirge umutlanadılathey hope to recall |
| hope to | menesgerirge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to recall | senesgerirge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to recall | olesgerirge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to recall | bizesgerirge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to recall | sizesgerirge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to recall | alaesgerirge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to recall |
| be about to | menesgerirge deb turamaI am about to recall | senesgerirge deb turasayou are about to recall | olesgerirge deb turadıhe is about to recall | bizesgerirge deb turabızwe are about to recall | sizesgerirge deb turasızyou all are about to recall | alaesgerirge deb turadılathey are about to recall |
| be about to | menesgerirge deb turmaymaI am not about to recall | senesgerirge deb turmaysayou are not about to recall | olesgerirge deb turmaydıhe is not about to recall | bizesgerirge deb turmaybızwe are not about to recall | sizesgerirge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to recall | alaesgerirge deb turmaydılathey are not about to recall |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menesgerirge kerekmeI need to recall | senesgerirge kerekseyou need to recall | olesgerirge kerekdihe needs to recall | bizesgerirge kerekbizwe need to recall | sizesgerirge kereksizyou all need to recall | alaesgerirge kerekdilethey need to recall |
| need to | menesgerirge kerek tülmeI do not need to recall | senesgerirge kerek tülseyou do not need to recall | olesgerirge kerek tüldühe does not need to recall | bizesgerirge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to recall | sizesgerirge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to recall | alaesgerirge kerek tüldülethey do not need to recall |
| have to | menmenŋe esgerirge tüşediI have to recall | sensenŋe esgerirge tüşediyou have to recall | olaŋa esgerirge tüşedihe has to recall | bizbizge esgerirge tüşediwe have to recall | sizsizge esgerirge tüşediyou all have to recall | alaalağa esgerirge tüşedithey have to recall |
| have to | menmenŋe esgerirge tüşmeydiI do not have to recall | sensenŋe esgerirge tüşmeydiyou do not have to recall | olaŋa esgerirge tüşmeydihe does not have to recall | bizbizge esgerirge tüşmeydiwe do not have to recall | sizsizge esgerirge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to recall | alaalağa esgerirge tüşmeydithey do not have to recall |
| be obliged to | menesgerirge borçlumaI am obliged to recall | senesgerirge borçlusayou are obliged to recall | olesgerirge borçluduhe is obliged to recall | bizesgerirge borçlubuzwe are obliged to recall | sizesgerirge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to recall | alaesgerirge borçludulathey are obliged to recall |
| be obliged to | menesgerirge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to recall | senesgerirge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to recall | olesgerirge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to recall | bizesgerirge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to recall | sizesgerirge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to recall | alaesgerirge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to recall |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menesgerirge madarım bardıI have a way to recall | senesgerirge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to recall | olesgerirge madarı bardıhe has a way to recall | bizesgerirge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to recall | sizesgerirge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to recall | alaesgerirge madarları bardıthey have a way to recall |
| have a way to | menesgerirge madarım joqduI have no way to recall | senesgerirge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to recall | olesgerirge madarı joqduhe has no way to recall | bizesgerirge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to recall | sizesgerirge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to recall | alaesgerirge madarları joqduthey have no way to recall |
| be free to | menesgerirge erkinligim bardıI am free to recall | senesgerirge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to recall | olesgerirge erkinligi bardıhe is free to recall | bizesgerirge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to recall | sizesgerirge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to recall | alaesgerirge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to recall |
| be free to | menesgerirge erkinligim joqduI am not free to recall | senesgerirge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to recall | olesgerirge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to recall | bizesgerirge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to recall | sizesgerirge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to recall | alaesgerirge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to recall |
| be possible to | menmenŋe esgerirge bolluqduit is possible for me to recall | sensenŋe esgerirge bolluqduit is possible for you to recall | olaŋa esgerirge bolluqduit is possible for him to recall | bizbizge esgerirge bolluqduit is possible for us to recall | sizsizge esgerirge bolluqduit is possible for you all to recall | alaalağa esgerirge bolluqduit is possible for them to recall |
| be possible to | menmenŋe esgerirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to recall | sensenŋe esgerirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to recall | olaŋa esgerirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to recall | bizbizge esgerirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to recall | sizsizge esgerirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to recall | alaalağa esgerirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to recall |
| be ready to | menesgerirge hazırmaI am ready to recall | senesgerirge hazırsayou are ready to recall | olesgerirge hazırdıhe is ready to recall | bizesgerirge hazırbızwe are ready to recall | sizesgerirge hazırsızyou all are ready to recall | alaesgerirge hazırdılathey are ready to recall |
| be ready to | menesgerirge hazır tülmeI am not ready to recall | senesgerirge hazır tülseyou are not ready to recall | olesgerirge hazır tüldühe is not ready to recall | bizesgerirge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to recall | sizesgerirge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to recall | alaesgerirge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to recall |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menesgerirge küreşemeI am trying to recall | senesgerirge küreşeseyou are trying to recall | olesgerirge küreşedihe is trying to recall | bizesgerirge küreşebizwe are trying to recall | sizesgerirge küreşesizyou all are trying to recall | alaesgerirge küreşedilethey are trying to recall |
| try to | menesgerirge küreşmeymeI am not trying to recall | senesgerirge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to recall | olesgerirge küreşmeydihe is not trying to recall | bizesgerirge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to recall | sizesgerirge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to recall | alaesgerirge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to recall |
| agree to | menesgerirge unaymaI agree to recall | senesgerirge unaysayou agree to recall | olesgerirge unaydıhe agrees to recall | bizesgerirge unaybızwe agree to recall | sizesgerirge unaysızyou all agree to recall | alaesgerirge unaydılathey agree to recall |
| agree to | menesgerirge unamaymaI refuse to recall | senesgerirge unamaysayou refuse to recall | olesgerirge unamaydıhe refuses to recall | bizesgerirge unamaybızwe refuse to recall | sizesgerirge unamaysızyou all refuse to recall | alaesgerirge unamaydılathey refuse to recall |
| hurry to | menesgerirge aşığamaI am in a hurry to recall | senesgerirge aşığasayou are in a hurry to recall | olesgerirge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to recall | bizesgerirge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to recall | sizesgerirge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to recall | alaesgerirge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to recall |
| hurry to | menesgerirge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to recall | senesgerirge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to recall | olesgerirge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to recall | bizesgerirge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to recall | sizesgerirge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to recall | alaesgerirge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to recall |
| be afraid to | menesgerirge qorqamaI am afraid to recall | senesgerirge qorqasayou are afraid to recall | olesgerirge qorqadıhe is afraid to recall | bizesgerirge qorqabızwe are afraid to recall | sizesgerirge qorqasızyou all are afraid to recall | alaesgerirge qorqadılathey are afraid to recall |
| be afraid to | menesgerirge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to recall | senesgerirge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to recall | olesgerirge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to recall | bizesgerirge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to recall | sizesgerirge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to recall | alaesgerirge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to recall |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menesgere bolmazmaI can't be recalling | senesgere bolmazsayou can't be recalling | olesgere bolmazhe can't be recalling | bizesgere bolmazbızwe can't be recalling | sizesgere bolmazsızyou all can't be recalling | alaesgere bolmazlathey can't be recalling |
| Inference, present — double negation | menesgermey bolmazmaI must be recalling (emphatic) | senesgermey bolmazsayou must be recalling (emphatic) | olesgermey bolmazhe must be recalling (emphatic) | bizesgermey bolmazbızwe must be recalling (emphatic) | sizesgermey bolmazsızyou all must be recalling (emphatic) | alaesgermey bolmazlathey must be recalling (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menesgere turmasamif I don't keep recalling | senesgere turmasaŋif you don't keep recalling | olesgere turmasaif he doesn't keep recalling | bizesgere turmasaqif we don't keep recalling | sizesgere turmasağızif you all don't keep recalling | alaesgere turmasalaif they don't keep recalling |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menesgere tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of recalling | senesgere tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of recalling | olesgere tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of recalling | bizesgere tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of recalling | sizesgere tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of recalling | alaesgere tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of recalling |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menesgermey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not recalling (emphatic) | senesgermey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not recalling (emphatic) | olesgermey tura bolmazhe must keep on not recalling (emphatic) | bizesgermey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not recalling (emphatic) | sizesgermey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not recalling (emphatic) | alaesgermey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not recalling (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menesgermey turamaI keep on not recalling | senesgermey turasayou keep on not recalling | olesgermey turadıhe keeps on not recalling | bizesgermey turabızwe keep on not recalling | sizesgermey turasızyou all keep on not recalling | alaesgermey turadılathey keep on not recalling |
| Progressive — double negation | menesgermey turmaymaI am not keeping on not recalling | senesgermey turmaysayou are not keeping on not recalling | olesgermey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not recalling | bizesgermey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not recalling | sizesgermey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not recalling | alaesgermey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not recalling |
| Progressive — double negation | menesgermey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not recalling? | senesgermey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not recalling? | olesgermey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not recalling? | bizesgermey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not recalling? | sizesgermey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not recalling? | alaesgermey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not recalling? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menesgergen bolmazmaI can't have recalled | senesgergen bolmazsayou can't have recalled | olesgergen bolmazhe can't have recalled | bizesgergen bolmazbızwe can't have recalled | sizesgergen bolmazsızyou all can't have recalled | alaesgergen bolmazlathey can't have recalled |
| Inference — double negation | menesgermegen bolmazmaI must have recalled (emphatic) | senesgermegen bolmazsayou must have recalled (emphatic) | olesgermegen bolmazhe must have recalled (emphatic) | bizesgermegen bolmazbızwe must have recalled (emphatic) | sizesgermegen bolmazsızyou all must have recalled (emphatic) | alaesgermegen bolmazlathey must have recalled (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menesgergen bolmasamif it weren't that I had recalled | senesgergen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had recalled | olesgergen bolmasaif it weren't that he had recalled | bizesgergen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had recalled | sizesgergen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had recalled | alaesgergen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had recalled |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menesgermegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't recalled | senesgermegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't recalled | olesgermegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't recalled | bizesgermegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't recalled | sizesgermegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't recalled | alaesgermegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't recalled |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menesgerlik bolmazmaI can't be going to recall | senesgerlik bolmazsayou can't be going to recall | olesgerlik bolmazhe can't be going to recall | bizesgerlik bolmazbızwe can't be going to recall | sizesgerlik bolmazsızyou all can't be going to recall | alaesgerlik bolmazlathey can't be going to recall |
| Inference, future — double negation | menesgermezlik bolmazmaI must be going to recall (emphatic) | senesgermezlik bolmazsayou must be going to recall (emphatic) | olesgermezlik bolmazhe must be going to recall (emphatic) | bizesgermezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to recall (emphatic) | sizesgermezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to recall (emphatic) | alaesgermezlik bolmazlathey must be going to recall (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menesgerlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to recall | senesgerlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to recall | olesgerlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to recall | bizesgerlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to recall | sizesgerlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to recall | alaesgerlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to recall |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menesgermezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to recall | senesgermezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to recall | olesgermezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to recall | bizesgermezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to recall | sizesgermezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to recall | alaesgermezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to recall |