el
/el/ · plural elle
1. village, settlement, inhabited place — Before another noun it means village or rural (el jaşaw village life); in el mülk it refers to farming and agriculture.
- ariw el — a beautiful village
- ullu el — a big village
- taw elle — mountain villages
- tuwğan elim — the village where I was born
- elde jaşaybız — we live in the village
- elge qaytdı — he returned to the village
- el jaşaw — village life
- el mülk — agriculture, farming
2. people, community, society, the public
- elni allında — before the people
- el biledi — people know
- el bilgen — known to all the people
- elge jayarğa — to spread among the people
- elge qulluq etmegen — one who does not serve the people
- elni işin er jaqlar — a true man stands up for the people's cause
- el allında aslan jatar — before the people a lion lies down
- el kesgen qol awrumaz — a hand cut off by the people feels no pain
3. country, land, state
- uzaq ellede — in far countries
- kişi ellede — in foreign lands
- Evropa elle — European countries
- elleni arasında — among the countries
- elleden kelgen qonaqla — guests who came from other countries
- elge kesi başçı boldu — he himself became head of the country
Expressions
- el jatsa da, elemen jatmaz — no rest for me
- el tanığan — well-known person
- elden köçürürge — scold harshly
- elni tübün başına etgen — gossip, troublemaker
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | elthe village | elimmy village | eliŋyour village | elihis village | elibizour village | eligizyou all's village | elleritheir villages |
| Genitive | elnithe village's | elimimy village's | eliŋiyour village's | elinihis village's | elibizniour village's | eligizniyou all's village's | ellerinitheir villages' |
| Accusative | elnithe village (as the object) | elimimy village (as the object) | eliŋiyour village (as the object) | elinhis village (as the object) | elibizniour village (as the object) | eligizniyou all's village (as the object) | ellerintheir villages (as the object) |
| Dative | elgeto the village | elimeto my village | eliŋeto your village | elineto his village | elibizgeto our village | eligizgeto you all's village | ellerineto their villages |
| Locative | eldein / at the village | elimdein / at my village | eliŋdein / at your village | elindein / at his village | elibizdein / at our village | eligizdein / at you all's village | ellerindein / at their villages |
| Ablative | eldenfrom the village | elimdenfrom my village | eliŋdenfrom your village | elindenfrom his village | elibizdenfrom our village | eligizdenfrom you all's village | ellerindenfrom their villages |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ellethe villages | ellerimmy villages | elleriŋyour villages | ellerihis villages | elleribizour villages | ellerigizyou all's villages | elleritheir villages |
| Genitive | ellenithe villages' | ellerimimy villages' | elleriŋiyour villages' | ellerinihis villages' | elleribizniour villages' | ellerigizniyou all's villages' | ellerinitheir villages' |
| Accusative | ellenithe villages (as the object) | ellerimimy villages (as the object) | elleriŋiyour villages (as the object) | ellerinhis villages (as the object) | elleribizniour villages (as the object) | ellerigizniyou all's villages (as the object) | ellerintheir villages (as the object) |
| Dative | ellegeto the villages | ellerimeto my villages | elleriŋeto your villages | ellerineto his villages | elleribizgeto our villages | ellerigizgeto you all's villages | ellerineto their villages |
| Locative | elledein / at the villages | ellerimdein / at my villages | elleriŋdein / at your villages | ellerindein / at his villages | elleribizdein / at our villages | ellerigizdein / at you all's villages | ellerindein / at their villages |
| Ablative | elledenfrom the villages | ellerimdenfrom my villages | elleriŋdenfrom your villages | ellerindenfrom his villages | elleribizdenfrom our villages | ellerigizdenfrom you all's villages | ellerindenfrom their villages |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: elleri can mean "his / her villages", "their village", or "their villages" — context decides.
Whose it is
| Case | one thing, one owner | several things, one owner | one thing, several owners | several things, several owners |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | elnikithe village's one | elnikilethe village's ones | ellenikithe villages' one | ellenikilethe villages' ones |
| Genitive | elnikiniof the village's one | elnikileniof the village's ones | ellenikiniof the villages' one | ellenikileniof the villages' ones |
| Accusative | elnikinthe village's one (as the object) | elnikilenithe village's ones (as the object) | ellenikinthe villages' one (as the object) | ellenikilenithe villages' ones (as the object) |
| Dative | elnikineto the village's one | elnikilegeto the village's ones | ellenikineto the villages' one | ellenikilegeto the villages' ones |
| Locative | elnikindein / at the village's one | elnikiledein / at the village's ones | ellenikindein / at the villages' one | ellenikiledein / at the villages' ones |
| Ablative | elnikindenfrom the village's one | elnikiledenfrom the village's ones | ellenikindenfrom the villages' one | ellenikiledenfrom the villages' ones |
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.