bilirge
/bilirɡe/
1. know; be informed about, be versed in
- men anı bileme — I know him
- jolnu bilirge — to know the way
- kişi bilmeydi — nobody knows it
- qayrı ketgenin bilmeyme — I don't know where he went
- qaydan bileyim? — how would I know?
- ana tilni igi bilirge — to know one's mother tongue well
2. know how to do something, be able; have command of (a skill or language)
- jüze bilirge — to know how to swim
- men jır jırlay bilmeyme — I can't sing a song
- eter işin biledi — he knows his work
- awruwnu bağa bilirge — to know how to treat an illness
- keslerin tuta biledile — they know how to behave
- kesin tuta bilgen — one who knows how to behave
3. find out, learn, get to know
- hapar bilirge — to find out the news
- zamannı bilirge — to find out the time
- sorub bilirge — to find out by asking
- ol üydemidi, bir biligiz — please find out whether he is at home
- radiodan jaŋı haparla bilirge — to learn the latest news from the radio
4. understand, realize, have an idea of
- kesiŋ bilese — you understand it yourself
- ne eterge bilmey — not knowing what to do
- ne aytırğa bilmey — not knowing what to say
- men bilgenŋe köre — as far as I understand
- nege aythanın bilmegenley — not understanding what he was talking about
5. guess, work out, make out; solve (a riddle)
- elberni bilirge — to guess the riddle
- elberni bildik — we guessed the riddle
- sormağanlay bildim — I guessed it without asking
- ol nek kelgenibizni bildi — he guessed why we had come
- kimge aythanıŋı bileme — I can guess who you are talking about
6. recognize, identify; diagnose (an illness)
- awruwnu bilirge — to diagnose the illness
- anı tawuşundan bildim — I recognized him by his voice
7. value, appreciate, know the worth of
- igilikni bilirge — to value a kindness
- adamnı namısın köre bil — respect a person's dignity
- bağasın çığara bilirge — to know how to value it properly
- qıyınnı bilirge — to value the labor someone put in
Expressions
- kim biledi — who knows
- men anı-munu bilmeyme — none of my business
- nesin da bilmezge — sleep like a log; be dead drunk
- Allah bolmasa, adam bilmez — beyond belief
Conjugation
Common forms
- biledihe knows
- bildihe knew
- bilgendihe has known
- bilirhe will know
- billikdihe is going to know
- bile edihe used to know
- bilseif he knows
- bil!know!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menbilemeI know | senbileseyou know | olbiledihe knows | bizbilebizwe know | sizbilesizyou all know | alabiledilethey know |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menbilmeymeI don't know | senbilmeyseyou don't know | olbilmeydihe doesn't know | bizbilmeybizwe don't know | sizbilmeysizyou all don't know | alabilmeydilethey don't know |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menbilememi? bilemime?do I know? | senbilemise?do you know? | olbilemidi?does he know? | bizbilebizmi? bilemibiz?do we know? | sizbilemisiz?do you all know? | alabilemidile?do they know? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menbilmeymemi? bilmeymime?don't I know? | senbilmeymise?don't you know? | olbilmeymidi?doesn't he know? | bizbilmeybizmi? bilmeymibiz?don't we know? | sizbilmeymisiz?don't you all know? | alabilmeymidile?don't they know? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menbiliwçenmeI usually know | senbiliwçenseyou usually know | olbiliwçendihe usually knows | bizbiliwçenbizwe usually know | sizbiliwçensizyou all usually know | alabiliwçendilethey usually know |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menbilmewçenmeI usually don't know | senbilmewçenseyou usually don't know | olbilmewçendihe usually doesn't know | bizbilmewçenbizwe usually don't know | sizbilmewçensizyou all usually don't know | alabilmewçendilethey usually don't know |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menbiliwçenmemi? biliwçenmime?do I usually know? | senbiliwçenmise?do you usually know? | olbiliwçenmidi?does he usually know? | bizbiliwçenbizmi? biliwçenmibiz?do we usually know? | sizbiliwçenmisiz?do you all usually know? | alabiliwçenmidile?do they usually know? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menbilmewçenmemi? bilmewçenmime?do I usually not know? | senbilmewçenmise?do you usually not know? | olbilmewçenmidi?does he usually not know? | bizbilmewçenbizmi? bilmewçenmibiz?do we usually not know? | sizbilmewçenmisiz?do you all usually not know? | alabilmewçenmidile?do they usually not know? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olbilibdihe has known and remains so | alabilibdilethey have known and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olbilibmidi?has he known? | alabilibmidile?have they known? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menbilib turamaI have known all along | senbilib turasayou have known all along | olbilib turadıhe has known all along | bizbilib turabızwe have known all along | sizbilib turasızyou all have known all along | alabilib turadılathey have known all along |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menbilib turmaymaI haven't known all along | senbilib turmaysayou haven't known all along | olbilib turmaydıhe hasn't known all along | bizbilib turmaybızwe haven't known all along | sizbilib turmaysızyou all haven't known all along | alabilib turmaydılathey haven't known all along |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menbilib turamamı? bilib turamıma?have I known all along? | senbilib turamısa?have you known all along? | olbilib turamıdı?has he known all along? | bizbilib turabızmı? bilib turamıbız?have we known all along? | sizbilib turamısız?have you all known all along? | alabilib turamıdıla?have they known all along? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menbilib turmaymamı? bilib turmaymıma?haven't I known all along? | senbilib turmaymısa?haven't you known all along? | olbilib turmaymıdı?hasn't he known all along? | bizbilib turmaybızmı? bilib turmaymıbız?haven't we known all along? | sizbilib turmaymısız?haven't you all known all along? | alabilib turmaymıdıla?haven't they known all along? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menbile turamaI still know | senbile turasayou still know | olbile turadıhe still knows | bizbile turabızwe still know | sizbile turasızyou all still know | alabile turadılathey still know |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menbile turmaymaI no longer know | senbile turmaysayou no longer know | olbile turmaydıhe no longer knows | bizbile turmaybızwe no longer know | sizbile turmaysızyou all no longer know | alabile turmaydılathey no longer know |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menbile turamamı? bile turamıma?do I still know? | senbile turamısa?do you still know? | olbile turamıdı?does he still know? | bizbile turabızmı? bile turamıbız?do we still know? | sizbile turamısız?do you all still know? | alabile turamıdıla?do they still know? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menbile turmaymamı? bile turmaymıma?don't I still know? | senbile turmaymısa?don't you still know? | olbile turmaymıdı?doesn't he still know? | bizbile turmaybızmı? bile turmaymıbız?don't we still know? | sizbile turmaymısız?don't you all still know? | alabile turmaymıdıla?don't they still know? |
| Simple past (definite) | menbildimI knew | senbildiŋyou knew | olbildihe knew | bizbildikwe knew | sizbildigizyou all knew | alabildilethey knew |
| Simple past (definite) | menbilmedimI didn't know | senbilmediŋyou didn't know | olbilmedihe didn't know | bizbilmedikwe didn't know | sizbilmedigizyou all didn't know | alabilmedilethey didn't know |
| Simple past (definite) | menbildimmi?did I know? | senbildiŋmi?did you know? | olbildimi?did he know? | bizbildikmi?did we know? | sizbildigizmi?did you all know? | alabildilemi?did they know? |
| Simple past (definite) | menbilmedimmi?didn't I know? | senbilmediŋmi?didn't you know? | olbilmedimi?didn't he know? | bizbilmedikmi?didn't we know? | sizbilmedigizmi?didn't you all know? | alabilmedilemi?didn't they know? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menbilgenmeI have known | senbilgenseyou have known | olbilgendihe has known | bizbilgenbizwe have known | sizbilgensizyou all have known | alabilgendilethey have known |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menbilmegenmeI haven't known | senbilmegenseyou haven't known | olbilmegendihe hasn't known | bizbilmegenbizwe haven't known | sizbilmegensizyou all haven't known | alabilmegendilethey haven't known |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menbilgenmemi? bilgenmime?have I known? | senbilgenmise?have you known? | olbilgenmidi?has he known? | bizbilgenbizmi? bilgenmibiz?have we known? | sizbilgenmisiz?have you all known? | alabilgenmidile?have they known? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menbilmegenmemi? bilmegenmime?haven't I known? | senbilmegenmise?haven't you known? | olbilmegenmidi?hasn't he known? | bizbilmegenbizmi? bilmegenmibiz?haven't we known? | sizbilmegenmisiz?haven't you all known? | alabilmegenmidile?haven't they known? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menbilib turdumI knew all along | senbilib turduŋyou knew all along | olbilib turduhe knew all along | bizbilib turduqwe knew all along | sizbilib turduğuzyou all knew all along | alabilib turdulathey knew all along |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menbilib turmadımI didn't know all along | senbilib turmadıŋyou didn't know all along | olbilib turmadıhe didn't know all along | bizbilib turmadıqwe didn't know all along | sizbilib turmadığızyou all didn't know all along | alabilib turmadılathey didn't know all along |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menbilirmeI will know | senbilirseyou will know | olbilirhe will know | bizbilirbizwe will know | sizbilirsizyou all will know | alabilirlethey will know |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menbilmezmeI won't know | senbilmezseyou won't know | olbilmezhe won't know | bizbilmezbizwe won't know | sizbilmezsizyou all won't know | alabilmezlethey won't know |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menbilirmemi? bilirmime?will I know? | senbilirmise?will you know? | olbilirmi?will he know? | bizbilirbizmi? bilirmibiz?will we know? | sizbilirmisiz?will you all know? | alabilirlemi? bilirmile?will they know? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menbilmezmemi? bilmezmime?won't I know? | senbilmezmise?won't you know? | olbilmezmi?won't he know? | bizbilmezbizmi? bilmezmibiz?won't we know? | sizbilmezmisiz?won't you all know? | alabilmezlemi? bilmezmile?won't they know? |
| Definite future (future II) | menbillikmeI am going to know | senbillikseyou are going to know | olbillikdihe is going to know | bizbillikbizwe are going to know | sizbilliksizyou all are going to know | alabillikdilethey are going to know |
| Definite future (future II) | menbillik tülmeI am not going to know | senbillik tülseyou are not going to know | olbillik tüldühe is not going to know | bizbillik tülbüzwe are not going to know | sizbillik tülsüzyou all are not going to know | alabillik tüldülethey are not going to know |
| Definite future (future II) | menbillikmemi? billikmime?am I going to know? | senbillikmise?are you going to know? | olbillikmidi?is he going to know? | bizbillikbizmi? billikmibiz?are we going to know? | sizbillikmisiz?are you all going to know? | alabillikmidile?are they going to know? |
| Definite future (future II) | menbillik tülmüme?aren't I going to know? | senbillik tülmüse?aren't you going to know? | olbillik tülmüdü?isn't he going to know? | bizbillik tülmübüz?aren't we going to know? | sizbillik tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to know? | alabillik tülmüdüle?aren't they going to know? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menbilgen edimbilgenemI had known | senbilgen ediŋbilgeneŋyou had known | olbilgen edibilgenedhe had known | bizbilgen edikbilgenekwe had known | sizbilgen edigizbilgenegizyou all had known | alabilgen edilebilgenellethey had known |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menbilmegen edimbilmegenemI hadn't known | senbilmegen ediŋbilmegeneŋyou hadn't known | olbilmegen edibilmegenedhe hadn't known | bizbilmegen edikbilmegenekwe hadn't known | sizbilmegen edigizbilmegenegizyou all hadn't known | alabilmegen edilebilmegenellethey hadn't known |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menbile edimbilemI used to know | senbile ediŋbileŋyou used to know | olbile edibiledhe used to know | bizbile edikbilekwe used to know | sizbile edigizbilegizyou all used to know | alabile edilebilellethey used to know |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menbilmey edimbilmeyemI didn't use to know | senbilmey ediŋbilmeyeŋyou didn't use to know | olbilmey edibilmeyedhe didn't use to know | bizbilmey edikbilmeyekwe didn't use to know | sizbilmey edigizbilmeyegizyou all didn't use to know | alabilmey edilebilmeyellethey didn't use to know |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menbiliwçen edimbiliwçenemI used to know | senbiliwçen ediŋbiliwçeneŋyou used to know | olbiliwçen edibiliwçenedhe used to know | bizbiliwçen edikbiliwçenekwe used to know | sizbiliwçen edigizbiliwçenegizyou all used to know | alabiliwçen edilebiliwçenellethey used to know |
| Habitual past (used to) | menbilmewçen edimbilmewçenemI didn't use to know | senbilmewçen ediŋbilmewçeneŋyou didn't use to know | olbilmewçen edibilmewçenedhe didn't use to know | bizbilmewçen edikbilmewçenekwe didn't use to know | sizbilmewçen edigizbilmewçenegizyou all didn't use to know | alabilmewçen edilebilmewçenellethey didn't use to know |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olbilib edihe had known and remained so | alabilib edilethey had known and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olbilib tül edihe hadn't known | alabilib tül edilethey hadn't known | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menbilib tura edimbilib turaemI had known all along | senbilib tura ediŋbilib turaeŋyou had known all along | olbilib tura edibilib turaedhe had known all along | bizbilib tura edikbilib turaekwe had known all along | sizbilib tura edigizbilib turaegizyou all had known all along | alabilib tura edilebilib turaellethey had known all along |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menbilib turmay edimbilib turmayemI hadn't known all along | senbilib turmay ediŋbilib turmayeŋyou hadn't known all along | olbilib turmay edibilib turmayedhe hadn't known all along | bizbilib turmay edikbilib turmayekwe hadn't known all along | sizbilib turmay edigizbilib turmayegizyou all hadn't known all along | alabilib turmay edilebilib turmayellethey hadn't known all along |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menbile tura edimbile turaemI still knew | senbile tura ediŋbile turaeŋyou still knew | olbile tura edibile turaedhe still knew | bizbile tura edikbile turaekwe still knew | sizbile tura edigizbile turaegizyou all still knew | alabile tura edilebile turaellethey still knew |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menbile turmay edimbile turmayemI no longer knew | senbile turmay ediŋbile turmayeŋyou no longer knew | olbile turmay edibile turmayedhe no longer knew | bizbile turmay edikbile turmayekwe no longer knew | sizbile turmay edigizbile turmayegizyou all no longer knew | alabile turmay edilebile turmayellethey no longer knew |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menbilir edimbilir emI would know | senbilir ediŋbilir eŋyou would know | olbilir edibilir edhe would know | bizbilir edikbilir ekwe would know | sizbilir edigizbilir egizyou all would know | alabilir edilebilir ellethey would know |
| Conditional result (would) | menbilmez edimbilmez emI wouldn't know | senbilmez ediŋbilmez eŋyou wouldn't know | olbilmez edibilmez edhe wouldn't know | bizbilmez edikbilmez ekwe wouldn't know | sizbilmez edigizbilmez egizyou all wouldn't know | alabilmez edilebilmez ellethey wouldn't know |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menbillik edimbillik emI would have known | senbillik ediŋbillik eŋyou would have known | olbillik edibillik edhe would have known | bizbillik edikbillik ekwe would have known | sizbillik edigizbillik egizyou all would have known | alabillik edilebillik ellethey would have known |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menbillik tül edimbillik tül emI wouldn't have known | senbillik tül ediŋbillik tül eŋyou wouldn't have known | olbillik tül edibillik tül edhe wouldn't have known | bizbillik tül edikbillik tül ekwe wouldn't have known | sizbillik tül edigizbillik tül egizyou all wouldn't have known | alabillik tül edilebillik tül ellethey wouldn't have known |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menbilsemif I know | senbilseŋif you know | olbilseif he knows | bizbilsekif we know | sizbilsegizif you all know | alabilseleif they know |
| Conditional | menbilmesemif I don't know | senbilmeseŋif you don't know | olbilmeseif he doesn't know | bizbilmesekif we don't know | sizbilmesegizif you all don't know | alabilmeseleif they don't know |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menbile esemif I know | senbile eseŋif you know | olbile eseif he knows | bizbile esekif we know | sizbile esegizif you all know | alabile eseleif they know |
| Conditional, present real | menbilmey esemif I don't know | senbilmey eseŋif you don't know | olbilmey eseif he doesn't know | bizbilmey esekif we don't know | sizbilmey esegizif you all don't know | alabilmey eseleif they don't know |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menbilsem edibilsem edif only I knew | senbilseŋ edibilseŋ edif only you knew | olbilse edibilsedif only he knew | bizbilsek edibilsek edif only we knew | sizbilsegiz edibilsegiz edif only you all knew | alabilsele edibilseledif only they knew |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menbilmesem edibilmesem edif only I didn't know | senbilmeseŋ edibilmeseŋ edif only you didn't know | olbilmese edibilmesedif only he didn't know | bizbilmesek edibilmesek edif only we didn't know | sizbilmesegiz edibilmesegiz edif only you all didn't know | alabilmesele edibilmeseledif only they didn't know |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menbilib tursamif I carry on knowing | senbilib tursaŋif you carry on knowing | olbilib tursaif he carries on knowing | bizbilib tursaqif we carry on knowing | sizbilib tursağızif you all carry on knowing | alabilib tursalaif they carry on knowing |
| Durative conditional | menbilib turmasamif I don't carry on knowing | senbilib turmasaŋif you don't carry on knowing | olbilib turmasaif he doesn't carry on knowing | bizbilib turmasaqif we don't carry on knowing | sizbilib turmasağızif you all don't carry on knowing | alabilib turmasalaif they don't carry on knowing |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menbilib tura esemif I have known all along | senbilib tura eseŋif you have known all along | olbilib tura eseif he has known all along | bizbilib tura esekif we have known all along | sizbilib tura esegizif you all have known all along | alabilib tura eseleif they have known all along |
| Durative conditional, present real | menbilib turmay esemif I haven't known all along | senbilib turmay eseŋif you haven't known all along | olbilib turmay eseif he hasn't known all along | bizbilib turmay esekif we haven't known all along | sizbilib turmay esegizif you all haven't known all along | alabilib turmay eseleif they haven't known all along |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menbile tursamif I still know | senbile tursaŋif you still know | olbile tursaif he still knows | bizbile tursaqif we still know | sizbile tursağızif you all still know | alabile tursalaif they still know |
| Progressive conditional | menbilmey tursamif I still don't know | senbilmey tursaŋif you still don't know | olbilmey tursaif he still doesn't know | bizbilmey tursaqif we still don't know | sizbilmey tursağızif you all still don't know | alabilmey tursalaif they still don't know |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menbile tura esemif I still know | senbile tura eseŋif you still know | olbile tura eseif he still knows | bizbile tura esekif we still know | sizbile tura esegizif you all still know | alabile tura eseleif they still know |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menbilmey tura esemif I still don't know | senbilmey tura eseŋif you still don't know | olbilmey tura eseif he still doesn't know | bizbilmey tura esekif we still don't know | sizbilmey tura esegizif you all still don't know | alabilmey tura eseleif they still don't know |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menbildim esemif I knew | senbildiŋ eseŋif you knew | olbildi eseif he knew | bizbildik esekif we knew | sizbildigiz esegizif you all knew | alabildile eseleif they knew |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menbilmedim esemif I didn't know | senbilmediŋ eseŋif you didn't know | olbilmedi eseif he didn't know | bizbilmedik esekif we didn't know | sizbilmedigiz esegizif you all didn't know | alabilmedile eseleif they didn't know |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menbilgen esemif I did know (indeed) | senbilgen eseŋif you did know (indeed) | olbilgen eseif he did know (indeed) | bizbilgen esekif we did know (indeed) | sizbilgen esegizif you all did know (indeed) | alabilgen eseleif they did know (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menbilmegen esemif I didn't know (indeed) | senbilmegen eseŋif you didn't know (indeed) | olbilmegen eseif he didn't know (indeed) | bizbilmegen esekif we didn't know (indeed) | sizbilmegen esegizif you all didn't know (indeed) | alabilmegen eseleif they didn't know (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menbilgen bolsamif I had known | senbilgen bolsaŋif you had known | olbilgen bolsaif he had known | bizbilgen bolsaqif we had known | sizbilgen bolsağızif you all had known | alabilgen bolsalaif they had known |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menbilmegen bolsamif I hadn't known | senbilmegen bolsaŋif you hadn't known | olbilmegen bolsaif he hadn't known | bizbilmegen bolsaqif we hadn't known | sizbilmegen bolsağızif you all hadn't known | alabilmegen bolsalaif they hadn't known |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menbilgen bolsam edibilgen bolsam edif only I had known | senbilgen bolsaŋ edibilgen bolsaŋ edif only you had known | olbilgen bolsa edibilgen bolsaedif only he had known | bizbilgen bolsaq edibilgen bolsaq edif only we had known | sizbilgen bolsağız edibilgen bolsağız edif only you all had known | alabilgen bolsala edibilgen bolsalaedif only they had known |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menbilmegen bolsam edibilmegen bolsam edif only I hadn't known | senbilmegen bolsaŋ edibilmegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't known | olbilmegen bolsa edibilmegen bolsaedif only he hadn't known | bizbilmegen bolsaq edibilmegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't known | sizbilmegen bolsağız edibilmegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't known | alabilmegen bolsala edibilmegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't known |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menbilir esemif I will know | senbilir eseŋif you will know | olbilir eseif he will know | bizbilir esekif we will know | sizbilir esegizif you all will know | alabilir eseleif they will know |
| Conditional, aorist | menbilmez esemif I won't know | senbilmez eseŋif you won't know | olbilmez eseif he won't know | bizbilmez esekif we won't know | sizbilmez esegizif you all won't know | alabilmez eseleif they won't know |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menbillik esemif I am going to know | senbillik eseŋif you are going to know | olbillik eseif he is going to know | bizbillik esekif we are going to know | sizbillik esegizif you all are going to know | alabillik eseleif they are going to know |
| Conditional, future | menbillik tül esemif I am not going to know | senbillik tül eseŋif you are not going to know | olbillik tül eseif he is not going to know | bizbillik tül esekif we are not going to know | sizbillik tül esegizif you all are not going to know | alabillik tül eseleif they are not going to know |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menbillik bolsamif I were going to know | senbillik bolsaŋif you were going to know | olbillik bolsaif he were going to know | bizbillik bolsaqif we were going to know | sizbillik bolsağızif you all were going to know | alabillik bolsalaif they were going to know |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menbilmezlik bolsamif I were not going to know | senbilmezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to know | olbilmezlik bolsaif he were not going to know | bizbilmezlik bolsaqif we were not going to know | sizbilmezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to know | alabilmezlik bolsalaif they were not going to know |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso bildiŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menbile bolurmaI must know | senbile bolursayou must know | olbile bolurhe must know | bizbile bolurbuzwe must know | sizbile bolursuzyou all must know | alabile bolurlathey must know |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menbilmey bolurmaI must not know | senbilmey bolursayou must not know | olbilmey bolurhe must not know | bizbilmey bolurbuzwe must not know | sizbilmey bolursuzyou all must not know | alabilmey bolurlathey must not know |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menbile tura bolurmaI must still know | senbile tura bolursayou must still know | olbile tura bolurhe must still know | bizbile tura bolurbuzwe must still know | sizbile tura bolursuzyou all must still know | alabile tura bolurlathey must still know |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menbilmey tura bolurmaI must keep on not knowing | senbilmey tura bolursayou must keep on not knowing | olbilmey tura bolurhe must keep on not knowing | bizbilmey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not knowing | sizbilmey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not knowing | alabilmey tura bolurlathey must keep on not knowing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menbilgen bolurmaI must have known | senbilgen bolursayou must have known | olbilgen bolurhe must have known | bizbilgen bolurbuzwe must have known | sizbilgen bolursuzyou all must have known | alabilgen bolurlathey must have known |
| Inference (must have) | menbilmegen bolurmaI must not have known | senbilmegen bolursayou must not have known | olbilmegen bolurhe must not have known | bizbilmegen bolurbuzwe must not have known | sizbilmegen bolursuzyou all must not have known | alabilmegen bolurlathey must not have known |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menbillik bolurmaI must be going to know | senbillik bolursayou must be going to know | olbillik bolurhe must be going to know | bizbillik bolurbuzwe must be going to know | sizbillik bolursuzyou all must be going to know | alabillik bolurlathey must be going to know |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menbilmezlik bolurmaI must not be going to know | senbilmezlik bolursayou must not be going to know | olbilmezlik bolurhe must not be going to know | bizbilmezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to know | sizbilmezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to know | alabilmezlik bolurlathey must not be going to know |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menbileyimlet me know | senbil!know! | olbilsinlet him know | bizbileyiklet's know | sizbiligiz!know, you all! | alabilsinlelet them know |
| Commands & suggestions | menbilmeyimlet me not know | senbilme!don't know! | olbilmesinlet him not know | bizbilmeyiklet's not know | sizbilmegiz!don't know, you all! | alabilmesinlelet them not know |
| Commands & suggestions | menbileyimmi?shall I know? | olbilsinmi?should he know? | bizbileyikmi?shall we know? | alabilsinlemi?should they know? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menbilmeyimmi?shall I not know? | olbilmesinmi?should he not know? | bizbilmeyikmi?shall we not know? | alabilmesinlemi?should they not know? | ||
| Requests | senbilçi2bilçinplease know | olbilsinçido let him know | sizbilçigizplease know (plural/polite) | alabilsinleçido let them know | ||
| Requests | senbilmeçi2bilmeçinplease don't know | olbilmesinçido let him not know | sizbilmeçigizplease don't know (plural/polite) | alabilmesinleçido let them not know | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senbilginbilgimay you know | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senbilmeginbilmegimay you not know | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menbilgey edim bilge edimwould that I knew | senbilgey ediŋ bilge ediŋwould that you knew | olbilgey edi bilge ediwould that he knew | bizbilgey edik bilge edikwould that we knew | sizbilgey edigiz bilge edigizwould that you all knew | alabilgey edile bilge edilewould that they knew |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menbilmegey edim bilmege edimwould that I did not know | senbilmegey ediŋ bilmege ediŋwould that you did not know | olbilmegey edi bilmege ediwould that he did not know | bizbilmegey edik bilmege edikwould that we did not know | sizbilmegey edigiz bilmege edigizwould that you all did not know | alabilmegey edile bilmege edilewould that they did not know |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menbilmege qoyayımbilme qoyayımlet me allow someone to know | senbilmege qoy!bilme qoy!let someone know! | olbilmege qoysunbilme qoysunlet him allow someone to know | bizbilmege qoyayıqbilme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to know | sizbilmege qoyuğuz!bilme qoyuğuz!let someone know, you all! | alabilmege qoysunlabilme qoysunlalet them allow someone to know |
| Let someone… (commands) | menbilmege qoymayımbilme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to know | senbilmege qoyma!bilme qoyma!don't let someone know! | olbilmege qoymasınbilme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to know | bizbilmege qoymayıqbilme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to know | sizbilmege qoymağız!bilme qoymağız!don't let someone know, you all! | alabilmege qoymasınlabilme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to know |
| Let someone… (commands) | menbilmege qoyayımmı?bilme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to know? | olbilmege qoysunmu?bilme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to know? | bizbilmege qoyayıqmı?bilme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to know? | alabilmege qoysunlamı?bilme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to know? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menbilmege qoymayımmı?bilme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to know? | olbilmege qoymasınmı?bilme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to know? | bizbilmege qoymayıqmı?bilme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to know? | alabilmege qoymasınlamı?bilme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to know? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menbilmege qoyamabilme qoyamaI allow someone to know | senbilmege qoyasabilme qoyasayou allow someone to know | olbilmege qoyadıbilme qoyadıhe allows someone to know | bizbilmege qoyabızbilme qoyabızwe allow someone to know | sizbilmege qoyasızbilme qoyasızyou all allow someone to know | alabilmege qoyadılabilme qoyadılathey allow someone to know |
| Let someone… (present) | menbilmege qoymaymabilme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to know | senbilmege qoymaysabilme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to know | olbilmege qoymaydıbilme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to know | bizbilmege qoymaybızbilme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to know | sizbilmege qoymaysızbilme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to know | alabilmege qoymaydılabilme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to know |
| Let someone… (present) | menbilmege qoyamamı?bilme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to know? | senbilmege qoyamısa?bilme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to know? | olbilmege qoyamıdı?bilme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to know? | bizbilmege qoyabızmı?bilme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to know? | sizbilmege qoyamısız?bilme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to know? | alabilmege qoyamıdıla?bilme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to know? |
| Let someone… (present) | menbilmege qoymaymamı?bilme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to know? | senbilmege qoymaymısa?bilme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to know? | olbilmege qoymaymıdı?bilme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to know? | bizbilmege qoymaybızmı?bilme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to know? | sizbilmege qoymaymısız?bilme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to know? | alabilmege qoymaymıdıla?bilme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to know? |
| Let someone… (past) | menbilmege qoydumbilme qoydumI allowed someone to know | senbilmege qoyduŋbilme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to know | olbilmege qoydubilme qoyduhe allowed someone to know | bizbilmege qoyduqbilme qoyduqwe allowed someone to know | sizbilmege qoyduğuzbilme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to know | alabilmege qoydulabilme qoydulathey allowed someone to know |
| Let someone… (past) | menbilmege qoymadımbilme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to know | senbilmege qoymadıŋbilme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to know | olbilmege qoymadıbilme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to know | bizbilmege qoymadıqbilme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to know | sizbilmege qoymadığızbilme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to know | alabilmege qoymadılabilme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to know |
| Let someone… (past) | menbilmege qoydummu?bilme qoydummu?did I allow someone to know? | senbilmege qoyduŋmu?bilme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to know? | olbilmege qoydumu?bilme qoydumu?did he allow someone to know? | bizbilmege qoyduqmu?bilme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to know? | sizbilmege qoyduğuzmu?bilme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to know? | alabilmege qoydulamı?bilme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to know? |
| Let someone… (past) | menbilmege qoymadımmı?bilme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to know? | senbilmege qoymadıŋmı?bilme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to know? | olbilmege qoymadımı?bilme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to know? | bizbilmege qoymadıqmı?bilme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to know? | sizbilmege qoymadığızmı?bilme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to know? | alabilmege qoymadılamı?bilme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to know? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menbilalamaI can know | senbilalasayou can know | olbilaladıhe can know | bizbilalabızwe can know | sizbilalasızyou all can know | alabilaladılathey can know |
| Ability — present | menbilalmaymaI can't know | senbilalmaysayou can't know | olbilalmaydıhe can't know | bizbilalmaybızwe can't know | sizbilalmaysızyou all can't know | alabilalmaydılathey can't know |
| Ability — present | menbilalamamı? bilalamıma?can I know? | senbilalamısa?can you know? | olbilalamıdı?can he know? | bizbilalabızmı? bilalamıbız?can we know? | sizbilalamısız?can you all know? | alabilalamıdıla?can they know? |
| Ability — present | menbilalmaymamı? bilalmaymıma?can't I know? | senbilalmaymısa?can't you know? | olbilalmaymıdı?can't he know? | bizbilalmaybızmı? bilalmaymıbız?can't we know? | sizbilalmaymısız?can't you all know? | alabilalmaymıdıla?can't they know? |
| Ability — if I can… | menbilalsamif I can know | senbilalsaŋif you can know | olbilalsaif he can know | bizbilalsaqif we can know | sizbilalsağızif you all can know | alabilalsalaif they can know |
| Ability — if I can… | menbilalmasamif I can't know | senbilalmasaŋif you can't know | olbilalmasaif he can't know | bizbilalmasaqif we can't know | sizbilalmasağızif you all can't know | alabilalmasalaif they can't know |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menbilaldımI was able to know | senbilaldıŋyou were able to know | olbilaldıhe was able to know | bizbilaldıqwe were able to know | sizbilaldığızyou all were able to know | alabilaldılathey were able to know |
| Ability — simple past | menbilalmadımI could not know | senbilalmadıŋyou could not know | olbilalmadıhe could not know | bizbilalmadıqwe could not know | sizbilalmadığızyou all could not know | alabilalmadılathey could not know |
| Ability — simple past | menbilaldımmı?was I able to know? | senbilaldıŋmı?were you able to know? | olbilaldımı?was he able to know? | bizbilaldıqmı?were we able to know? | sizbilaldığızmı?were you all able to know? | alabilaldılamı?were they able to know? |
| Ability — simple past | menbilalmadımmı?couldn't I know? | senbilalmadıŋmı?couldn't you know? | olbilalmadımı?couldn't he know? | bizbilalmadıqmı?couldn't we know? | sizbilalmadığızmı?couldn't you all know? | alabilalmadılamı?couldn't they know? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menbilalğanmaI have been able to know | senbilalğansayou have been able to know | olbilalğandıhe has been able to know | bizbilalğanbızwe have been able to know | sizbilalğansızyou all have been able to know | alabilalğandılathey have been able to know |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menbilalmağanmaI haven't been able to know | senbilalmağansayou haven't been able to know | olbilalmağandıhe hasn't been able to know | bizbilalmağanbızwe haven't been able to know | sizbilalmağansızyou all haven't been able to know | alabilalmağandılathey haven't been able to know |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menbilalğanmamı? bilalğanmıma?have I been able to know? | senbilalğanmısa?have you been able to know? | olbilalğanmıdı?has he been able to know? | bizbilalğanbızmı? bilalğanmıbız?have we been able to know? | sizbilalğanmısız?have you all been able to know? | alabilalğanmıdıla?have they been able to know? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menbilalmağanmamı? bilalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to know? | senbilalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to know? | olbilalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to know? | bizbilalmağanbızmı? bilalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to know? | sizbilalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to know? | alabilalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to know? |
| Ability — past perfect | menbilalğan edimbilalğanemI had been able to know | senbilalğan ediŋbilalğaneŋyou had been able to know | olbilalğan edibilalğanedhe had been able to know | bizbilalğan edikbilalğanekwe had been able to know | sizbilalğan edigizbilalğanegizyou all had been able to know | alabilalğan edilebilalğanellethey had been able to know |
| Ability — past perfect | menbilalmağan edimbilalmağanemI hadn't been able to know | senbilalmağan ediŋbilalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to know | olbilalmağan edibilalmağanedhe hadn't been able to know | bizbilalmağan edikbilalmağanekwe hadn't been able to know | sizbilalmağan edigizbilalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to know | alabilalmağan edilebilalmağanellethey hadn't been able to know |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menbilala edimbilalaemI could know | senbilala ediŋbilalaeŋyou could know | olbilala edibilalaedhe could know | bizbilala edikbilalaekwe could know | sizbilala edigizbilalaegizyou all could know | alabilala edilebilalaellethey could know |
| Ability — past background | menbilalmay edimbilalmayemI could not know | senbilalmay ediŋbilalmayeŋyou could not know | olbilalmay edibilalmayedhe could not know | bizbilalmay edikbilalmayekwe could not know | sizbilalmay edigizbilalmayegizyou all could not know | alabilalmay edilebilalmayellethey could not know |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menbilalırmaI will be able to know | senbilalırsayou will be able to know | olbilalırhe will be able to know | bizbilalırbızwe will be able to know | sizbilalırsızyou all will be able to know | alabilalırlathey will be able to know |
| Ability — future I | menbilalmazmaI won't be able to know | senbilalmazsayou won't be able to know | olbilalmazhe won't be able to know | bizbilalmazbızwe won't be able to know | sizbilalmazsızyou all won't be able to know | alabilalmazlathey won't be able to know |
| Ability — future I | menbilalırmamı? bilalırmıma?will I be able to know? | senbilalırmısa?will you be able to know? | olbilalırmı?will he be able to know? | bizbilalırbızmı? bilalırmıbız?will we be able to know? | sizbilalırmısız?will you all be able to know? | alabilalırlamı? bilalırmıla?will they be able to know? |
| Ability — future I | menbilalmazmamı? bilalmazmıma?won't I be able to know? | senbilalmazmısa?won't you be able to know? | olbilalmazmı?won't he be able to know? | bizbilalmazbızmı? bilalmazmıbız?won't we be able to know? | sizbilalmazmısız?won't you all be able to know? | alabilalmazlamı? bilalmazmıla?won't they be able to know? |
| Ability — future II | menbilallıqmaI am going to be able to know | senbilallıqsayou are going to be able to know | olbilallıqdıhe is going to be able to know | bizbilallıqbızwe are going to be able to know | sizbilallıqsızyou all are going to be able to know | alabilallıqdılathey are going to be able to know |
| Ability — future II | menbilallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to know | senbilallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to know | olbilallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to know | bizbilallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to know | sizbilallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to know | alabilallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to know |
| Ability — future II | menbilallıqmamı? bilallıqmıma?am I going to be able to know? | senbilallıqmısa?are you going to be able to know? | olbilallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to know? | bizbilallıqbızmı? bilallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to know? | sizbilallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to know? | alabilallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to know? |
| Ability — future II | menbilallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to know? | senbilallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to know? | olbilallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to know? | bizbilallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to know? | sizbilallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to know? | alabilallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to know? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menbilalır edimbilalır emI would be able to know | senbilalır ediŋbilalır eŋyou would be able to know | olbilalır edibilalır edhe would be able to know | bizbilalır edikbilalır ekwe would be able to know | sizbilalır edigizbilalır egizyou all would be able to know | alabilalır edilebilalır ellethey would be able to know |
| Ability — would be able to… | menbilalmaz edimbilalmaz emI wouldn't be able to know | senbilalmaz ediŋbilalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to know | olbilalmaz edibilalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to know | bizbilalmaz edikbilalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to know | sizbilalmaz edigizbilalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to know | alabilalmaz edilebilalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to know |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senbilalğınbilalğımay you be able to know | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senbilalmağınbilalmağımay you not be able to know | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menbilirge izleymeI want to know | senbilirge izleyseyou want to know | olbilirge izleydihe wants to know | bizbilirge izleybizwe want to know | sizbilirge izleysizyou all want to know | alabilirge izleydilethey want to know |
| want to | menbilirge izlemeymeI do not want to know | senbilirge izlemeyseyou do not want to know | olbilirge izlemeydihe does not want to know | bizbilirge izlemeybizwe do not want to know | sizbilirge izlemeysizyou all do not want to know | alabilirge izlemeydilethey do not want to know |
| would like to | menbilirge süemeI would like to know | senbilirge süeseyou would like to know | olbilirge süedihe would like to know | bizbilirge süebizwe would like to know | sizbilirge süesizyou all would like to know | alabilirge süedilethey would like to know |
| would like to | menbilirge süymeymeI would not like to know | senbilirge süymeyseyou would not like to know | olbilirge süymeydihe would not like to know | bizbilirge süymeybizwe would not like to know | sizbilirge süymeysizyou all would not like to know | alabilirge süymeydilethey would not like to know |
| hope to | menbilirge umutlanamaI hope to know | senbilirge umutlanasayou hope to know | olbilirge umutlanadıhe hopes to know | bizbilirge umutlanabızwe hope to know | sizbilirge umutlanasızyou all hope to know | alabilirge umutlanadılathey hope to know |
| hope to | menbilirge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to know | senbilirge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to know | olbilirge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to know | bizbilirge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to know | sizbilirge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to know | alabilirge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to know |
| be about to | menbilirge deb turamaI am about to know | senbilirge deb turasayou are about to know | olbilirge deb turadıhe is about to know | bizbilirge deb turabızwe are about to know | sizbilirge deb turasızyou all are about to know | alabilirge deb turadılathey are about to know |
| be about to | menbilirge deb turmaymaI am not about to know | senbilirge deb turmaysayou are not about to know | olbilirge deb turmaydıhe is not about to know | bizbilirge deb turmaybızwe are not about to know | sizbilirge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to know | alabilirge deb turmaydılathey are not about to know |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menbilirge kerekmeI need to know | senbilirge kerekseyou need to know | olbilirge kerekdihe needs to know | bizbilirge kerekbizwe need to know | sizbilirge kereksizyou all need to know | alabilirge kerekdilethey need to know |
| need to | menbilirge kerek tülmeI do not need to know | senbilirge kerek tülseyou do not need to know | olbilirge kerek tüldühe does not need to know | bizbilirge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to know | sizbilirge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to know | alabilirge kerek tüldülethey do not need to know |
| have to | menmenŋe bilirge tüşediI have to know | sensenŋe bilirge tüşediyou have to know | olaŋa bilirge tüşedihe has to know | bizbizge bilirge tüşediwe have to know | sizsizge bilirge tüşediyou all have to know | alaalağa bilirge tüşedithey have to know |
| have to | menmenŋe bilirge tüşmeydiI do not have to know | sensenŋe bilirge tüşmeydiyou do not have to know | olaŋa bilirge tüşmeydihe does not have to know | bizbizge bilirge tüşmeydiwe do not have to know | sizsizge bilirge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to know | alaalağa bilirge tüşmeydithey do not have to know |
| be obliged to | menbilirge borçlumaI am obliged to know | senbilirge borçlusayou are obliged to know | olbilirge borçluduhe is obliged to know | bizbilirge borçlubuzwe are obliged to know | sizbilirge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to know | alabilirge borçludulathey are obliged to know |
| be obliged to | menbilirge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to know | senbilirge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to know | olbilirge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to know | bizbilirge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to know | sizbilirge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to know | alabilirge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to know |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menbilirge madarım bardıI have a way to know | senbilirge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to know | olbilirge madarı bardıhe has a way to know | bizbilirge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to know | sizbilirge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to know | alabilirge madarları bardıthey have a way to know |
| have a way to | menbilirge madarım joqduI have no way to know | senbilirge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to know | olbilirge madarı joqduhe has no way to know | bizbilirge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to know | sizbilirge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to know | alabilirge madarları joqduthey have no way to know |
| be free to | menbilirge erkinligim bardıI am free to know | senbilirge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to know | olbilirge erkinligi bardıhe is free to know | bizbilirge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to know | sizbilirge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to know | alabilirge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to know |
| be free to | menbilirge erkinligim joqduI am not free to know | senbilirge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to know | olbilirge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to know | bizbilirge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to know | sizbilirge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to know | alabilirge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to know |
| be possible to | menmenŋe bilirge bolluqduit is possible for me to know | sensenŋe bilirge bolluqduit is possible for you to know | olaŋa bilirge bolluqduit is possible for him to know | bizbizge bilirge bolluqduit is possible for us to know | sizsizge bilirge bolluqduit is possible for you all to know | alaalağa bilirge bolluqduit is possible for them to know |
| be possible to | menmenŋe bilirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to know | sensenŋe bilirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to know | olaŋa bilirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to know | bizbizge bilirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to know | sizsizge bilirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to know | alaalağa bilirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to know |
| be ready to | menbilirge hazırmaI am ready to know | senbilirge hazırsayou are ready to know | olbilirge hazırdıhe is ready to know | bizbilirge hazırbızwe are ready to know | sizbilirge hazırsızyou all are ready to know | alabilirge hazırdılathey are ready to know |
| be ready to | menbilirge hazır tülmeI am not ready to know | senbilirge hazır tülseyou are not ready to know | olbilirge hazır tüldühe is not ready to know | bizbilirge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to know | sizbilirge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to know | alabilirge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to know |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menbilirge küreşemeI am trying to know | senbilirge küreşeseyou are trying to know | olbilirge küreşedihe is trying to know | bizbilirge küreşebizwe are trying to know | sizbilirge küreşesizyou all are trying to know | alabilirge küreşedilethey are trying to know |
| try to | menbilirge küreşmeymeI am not trying to know | senbilirge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to know | olbilirge küreşmeydihe is not trying to know | bizbilirge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to know | sizbilirge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to know | alabilirge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to know |
| agree to | menbilirge unaymaI agree to know | senbilirge unaysayou agree to know | olbilirge unaydıhe agrees to know | bizbilirge unaybızwe agree to know | sizbilirge unaysızyou all agree to know | alabilirge unaydılathey agree to know |
| agree to | menbilirge unamaymaI refuse to know | senbilirge unamaysayou refuse to know | olbilirge unamaydıhe refuses to know | bizbilirge unamaybızwe refuse to know | sizbilirge unamaysızyou all refuse to know | alabilirge unamaydılathey refuse to know |
| hurry to | menbilirge aşığamaI am in a hurry to know | senbilirge aşığasayou are in a hurry to know | olbilirge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to know | bizbilirge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to know | sizbilirge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to know | alabilirge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to know |
| hurry to | menbilirge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to know | senbilirge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to know | olbilirge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to know | bizbilirge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to know | sizbilirge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to know | alabilirge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to know |
| be afraid to | menbilirge qorqamaI am afraid to know | senbilirge qorqasayou are afraid to know | olbilirge qorqadıhe is afraid to know | bizbilirge qorqabızwe are afraid to know | sizbilirge qorqasızyou all are afraid to know | alabilirge qorqadılathey are afraid to know |
| be afraid to | menbilirge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to know | senbilirge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to know | olbilirge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to know | bizbilirge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to know | sizbilirge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to know | alabilirge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to know |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menbile bolmazmaI can't know | senbile bolmazsayou can't know | olbile bolmazhe can't know | bizbile bolmazbızwe can't know | sizbile bolmazsızyou all can't know | alabile bolmazlathey can't know |
| Inference, present — double negation | menbilmey bolmazmaI must know (emphatic) | senbilmey bolmazsayou must know (emphatic) | olbilmey bolmazhe must know (emphatic) | bizbilmey bolmazbızwe must know (emphatic) | sizbilmey bolmazsızyou all must know (emphatic) | alabilmey bolmazlathey must know (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menbile turmasamif I no longer know | senbile turmasaŋif you no longer know | olbile turmasaif he no longer knows | bizbile turmasaqif we no longer know | sizbile turmasağızif you all no longer know | alabile turmasalaif they no longer know |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menbile tura bolmazmaI can't still know | senbile tura bolmazsayou can't still know | olbile tura bolmazhe can't still know | bizbile tura bolmazbızwe can't still know | sizbile tura bolmazsızyou all can't still know | alabile tura bolmazlathey can't still know |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menbilmey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not knowing (emphatic) | senbilmey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not knowing (emphatic) | olbilmey tura bolmazhe must keep on not knowing (emphatic) | bizbilmey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not knowing (emphatic) | sizbilmey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not knowing (emphatic) | alabilmey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not knowing (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menbilmey turamaI keep on not knowing | senbilmey turasayou keep on not knowing | olbilmey turadıhe keeps on not knowing | bizbilmey turabızwe keep on not knowing | sizbilmey turasızyou all keep on not knowing | alabilmey turadılathey keep on not knowing |
| Progressive — double negation | menbilmey turmaymaI am not keeping on not knowing | senbilmey turmaysayou are not keeping on not knowing | olbilmey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not knowing | bizbilmey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not knowing | sizbilmey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not knowing | alabilmey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not knowing |
| Progressive — double negation | menbilmey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not knowing? | senbilmey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not knowing? | olbilmey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not knowing? | bizbilmey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not knowing? | sizbilmey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not knowing? | alabilmey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not knowing? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menbilgen bolmazmaI can't have known | senbilgen bolmazsayou can't have known | olbilgen bolmazhe can't have known | bizbilgen bolmazbızwe can't have known | sizbilgen bolmazsızyou all can't have known | alabilgen bolmazlathey can't have known |
| Inference — double negation | menbilmegen bolmazmaI must have known (emphatic) | senbilmegen bolmazsayou must have known (emphatic) | olbilmegen bolmazhe must have known (emphatic) | bizbilmegen bolmazbızwe must have known (emphatic) | sizbilmegen bolmazsızyou all must have known (emphatic) | alabilmegen bolmazlathey must have known (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menbilgen bolmasamif it weren't that I had known | senbilgen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had known | olbilgen bolmasaif it weren't that he had known | bizbilgen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had known | sizbilgen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had known | alabilgen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had known |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menbilmegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't known | senbilmegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't known | olbilmegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't known | bizbilmegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't known | sizbilmegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't known | alabilmegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't known |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menbillik bolmazmaI can't be going to know | senbillik bolmazsayou can't be going to know | olbillik bolmazhe can't be going to know | bizbillik bolmazbızwe can't be going to know | sizbillik bolmazsızyou all can't be going to know | alabillik bolmazlathey can't be going to know |
| Inference, future — double negation | menbilmezlik bolmazmaI must be going to know (emphatic) | senbilmezlik bolmazsayou must be going to know (emphatic) | olbilmezlik bolmazhe must be going to know (emphatic) | bizbilmezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to know (emphatic) | sizbilmezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to know (emphatic) | alabilmezlik bolmazlathey must be going to know (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menbillik bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to know | senbillik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to know | olbillik bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to know | bizbillik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to know | sizbillik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to know | alabillik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to know |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menbilmezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to know | senbilmezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to know | olbilmezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to know | bizbilmezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to know | sizbilmezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to know | alabilmezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to know |