azaytırğa
/azajtɯrʁa/
reduce, lessen, diminish, decrease, cut down
- tirmenni suwun azaytırğa — to reduce the flow of water to the mill
- mallanı azaytdıq — we reduced the livestock
- qayğını azaytdıla — they lessened the worry
- bağanı azaytırğa — to bring the price down
- biz işni azaytdıq — we cut the work down
- aşnı azaytırğa kerekdi — it is necessary to reduce the food
- ol otunnu azaytdı — he reduced the firewood
Conjugation
Common forms
- azaytadıhe is reducing
- azaytdıhe reduced
- azaythandıhe has reduced
- azaytırhe will reduce
- azaytırıqdıhe is going to reduce
- azayta edihe was reducing
- azaytsaif he reduces
- azayt!reduce!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menazaytamaI am reducing | senazaytasayou are reducing | olazaytadıhe is reducing | bizazaytabızwe are reducing | sizazaytasızyou all are reducing | alaazaytadılathey are reducing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menazaytmaymaI am not reducing | senazaytmaysayou are not reducing | olazaytmaydıhe is not reducing | bizazaytmaybızwe are not reducing | sizazaytmaysızyou all are not reducing | alaazaytmaydılathey are not reducing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menazaytamamı? azaytamıma?am I reducing? | senazaytamısa?are you reducing? | olazaytamıdı?is he reducing? | bizazaytabızmı? azaytamıbız?are we reducing? | sizazaytamısız?are you all reducing? | alaazaytamıdıla?are they reducing? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menazaytmaymamı? azaytmaymıma?aren't I reducing? | senazaytmaymısa?aren't you reducing? | olazaytmaymıdı?isn't he reducing? | bizazaytmaybızmı? azaytmaymıbız?aren't we reducing? | sizazaytmaymısız?aren't you all reducing? | alaazaytmaymıdıla?aren't they reducing? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menazaytıwçanmaI usually reduce | senazaytıwçansayou usually reduce | olazaytıwçandıhe usually reduces | bizazaytıwçanbızwe usually reduce | sizazaytıwçansızyou all usually reduce | alaazaytıwçandılathey usually reduce |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menazaytmawçanmaI usually don't reduce | senazaytmawçansayou usually don't reduce | olazaytmawçandıhe usually doesn't reduce | bizazaytmawçanbızwe usually don't reduce | sizazaytmawçansızyou all usually don't reduce | alaazaytmawçandılathey usually don't reduce |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menazaytıwçanmamı? azaytıwçanmıma?do I usually reduce? | senazaytıwçanmısa?do you usually reduce? | olazaytıwçanmıdı?does he usually reduce? | bizazaytıwçanbızmı? azaytıwçanmıbız?do we usually reduce? | sizazaytıwçanmısız?do you all usually reduce? | alaazaytıwçanmıdıla?do they usually reduce? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menazaytmawçanmamı? azaytmawçanmıma?do I usually not reduce? | senazaytmawçanmısa?do you usually not reduce? | olazaytmawçanmıdı?does he usually not reduce? | bizazaytmawçanbızmı? azaytmawçanmıbız?do we usually not reduce? | sizazaytmawçanmısız?do you all usually not reduce? | alaazaytmawçanmıdıla?do they usually not reduce? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olazaytıbdıhe has reduced and remains so | alaazaytıbdılathey have reduced and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olazaytıbmıdı?has he reduced? | alaazaytıbmıdıla?have they reduced? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menazaytıb turamaI keep reducing | senazaytıb turasayou keep reducing | olazaytıb turadıhe keeps reducing | bizazaytıb turabızwe keep reducing | sizazaytıb turasızyou all keep reducing | alaazaytıb turadılathey keep reducing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menazaytıb turmaymaI don't keep reducing | senazaytıb turmaysayou don't keep reducing | olazaytıb turmaydıhe doesn't keep reducing | bizazaytıb turmaybızwe don't keep reducing | sizazaytıb turmaysızyou all don't keep reducing | alaazaytıb turmaydılathey don't keep reducing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menazaytıb turamamı? azaytıb turamıma?do I keep reducing? | senazaytıb turamısa?do you keep reducing? | olazaytıb turamıdı?does he keep reducing? | bizazaytıb turabızmı? azaytıb turamıbız?do we keep reducing? | sizazaytıb turamısız?do you all keep reducing? | alaazaytıb turamıdıla?do they keep reducing? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menazaytıb turmaymamı? azaytıb turmaymıma?don't I keep reducing? | senazaytıb turmaymısa?don't you keep reducing? | olazaytıb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep reducing? | bizazaytıb turmaybızmı? azaytıb turmaymıbız?don't we keep reducing? | sizazaytıb turmaymısız?don't you all keep reducing? | alaazaytıb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep reducing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menazayta turamaI am in the middle of reducing | senazayta turasayou are in the middle of reducing | olazayta turadıhe is in the middle of reducing | bizazayta turabızwe are in the middle of reducing | sizazayta turasızyou all are in the middle of reducing | alaazayta turadılathey are in the middle of reducing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menazayta turmaymaI am not in the middle of reducing | senazayta turmaysayou are not in the middle of reducing | olazayta turmaydıhe is not in the middle of reducing | bizazayta turmaybızwe are not in the middle of reducing | sizazayta turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of reducing | alaazayta turmaydılathey are not in the middle of reducing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menazayta turamamı? azayta turamıma?am I in the middle of reducing? | senazayta turamısa?are you in the middle of reducing? | olazayta turamıdı?is he in the middle of reducing? | bizazayta turabızmı? azayta turamıbız?are we in the middle of reducing? | sizazayta turamısız?are you all in the middle of reducing? | alaazayta turamıdıla?are they in the middle of reducing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menazayta turmaymamı? azayta turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of reducing? | senazayta turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of reducing? | olazayta turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of reducing? | bizazayta turmaybızmı? azayta turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of reducing? | sizazayta turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of reducing? | alaazayta turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of reducing? |
| Simple past (definite) | menazaytdımI reduced | senazaytdıŋyou reduced | olazaytdıhe reduced | bizazaytdıqwe reduced | sizazaytdığızyou all reduced | alaazaytdılathey reduced |
| Simple past (definite) | menazaytmadımI didn't reduce | senazaytmadıŋyou didn't reduce | olazaytmadıhe didn't reduce | bizazaytmadıqwe didn't reduce | sizazaytmadığızyou all didn't reduce | alaazaytmadılathey didn't reduce |
| Simple past (definite) | menazaytdımmı?did I reduce? | senazaytdıŋmı?did you reduce? | olazaytdımı?did he reduce? | bizazaytdıqmı?did we reduce? | sizazaytdığızmı?did you all reduce? | alaazaytdılamı?did they reduce? |
| Simple past (definite) | menazaytmadımmı?didn't I reduce? | senazaytmadıŋmı?didn't you reduce? | olazaytmadımı?didn't he reduce? | bizazaytmadıqmı?didn't we reduce? | sizazaytmadığızmı?didn't you all reduce? | alaazaytmadılamı?didn't they reduce? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menazaythanmaI have reduced | senazaythansayou have reduced | olazaythandıhe has reduced | bizazaythanbızwe have reduced | sizazaythansızyou all have reduced | alaazaythandılathey have reduced |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menazaytmağanmaI haven't reduced | senazaytmağansayou haven't reduced | olazaytmağandıhe hasn't reduced | bizazaytmağanbızwe haven't reduced | sizazaytmağansızyou all haven't reduced | alaazaytmağandılathey haven't reduced |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menazaythanmamı? azaythanmıma?have I reduced? | senazaythanmısa?have you reduced? | olazaythanmıdı?has he reduced? | bizazaythanbızmı? azaythanmıbız?have we reduced? | sizazaythanmısız?have you all reduced? | alaazaythanmıdıla?have they reduced? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menazaytmağanmamı? azaytmağanmıma?haven't I reduced? | senazaytmağanmısa?haven't you reduced? | olazaytmağanmıdı?hasn't he reduced? | bizazaytmağanbızmı? azaytmağanmıbız?haven't we reduced? | sizazaytmağanmısız?haven't you all reduced? | alaazaytmağanmıdıla?haven't they reduced? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menazaytıb turdumI kept reducing | senazaytıb turduŋyou kept reducing | olazaytıb turduhe kept reducing | bizazaytıb turduqwe kept reducing | sizazaytıb turduğuzyou all kept reducing | alaazaytıb turdulathey kept reducing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menazaytıb turmadımI didn't keep reducing | senazaytıb turmadıŋyou didn't keep reducing | olazaytıb turmadıhe didn't keep reducing | bizazaytıb turmadıqwe didn't keep reducing | sizazaytıb turmadığızyou all didn't keep reducing | alaazaytıb turmadılathey didn't keep reducing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menazaytırmaI will reduce | senazaytırsayou will reduce | olazaytırhe will reduce | bizazaytırbızwe will reduce | sizazaytırsızyou all will reduce | alaazaytırlathey will reduce |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menazaytmazmaI won't reduce | senazaytmazsayou won't reduce | olazaytmazhe won't reduce | bizazaytmazbızwe won't reduce | sizazaytmazsızyou all won't reduce | alaazaytmazlathey won't reduce |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menazaytırmamı? azaytırmıma?will I reduce? | senazaytırmısa?will you reduce? | olazaytırmı?will he reduce? | bizazaytırbızmı? azaytırmıbız?will we reduce? | sizazaytırmısız?will you all reduce? | alaazaytırlamı? azaytırmıla?will they reduce? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menazaytmazmamı? azaytmazmıma?won't I reduce? | senazaytmazmısa?won't you reduce? | olazaytmazmı?won't he reduce? | bizazaytmazbızmı? azaytmazmıbız?won't we reduce? | sizazaytmazmısız?won't you all reduce? | alaazaytmazlamı? azaytmazmıla?won't they reduce? |
| Definite future (future II) | menazaytırıqmaI am going to reduce | senazaytırıqsayou are going to reduce | olazaytırıqdıhe is going to reduce | bizazaytırıqbızwe are going to reduce | sizazaytırıqsızyou all are going to reduce | alaazaytırıqdılathey are going to reduce |
| Definite future (future II) | menazaytırıq tülmeI am not going to reduce | senazaytırıq tülseyou are not going to reduce | olazaytırıq tüldühe is not going to reduce | bizazaytırıq tülbüzwe are not going to reduce | sizazaytırıq tülsüzyou all are not going to reduce | alaazaytırıq tüldülethey are not going to reduce |
| Definite future (future II) | menazaytırıqmamı? azaytırıqmıma?am I going to reduce? | senazaytırıqmısa?are you going to reduce? | olazaytırıqmıdı?is he going to reduce? | bizazaytırıqbızmı? azaytırıqmıbız?are we going to reduce? | sizazaytırıqmısız?are you all going to reduce? | alaazaytırıqmıdıla?are they going to reduce? |
| Definite future (future II) | menazaytırıq tülmüme?aren't I going to reduce? | senazaytırıq tülmüse?aren't you going to reduce? | olazaytırıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to reduce? | bizazaytırıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to reduce? | sizazaytırıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to reduce? | alaazaytırıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to reduce? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menazaythan edimazaythanemI had reduced | senazaythan ediŋazaythaneŋyou had reduced | olazaythan ediazaythanedhe had reduced | bizazaythan edikazaythanekwe had reduced | sizazaythan edigizazaythanegizyou all had reduced | alaazaythan edileazaythanellethey had reduced |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menazaytmağan edimazaytmağanemI hadn't reduced | senazaytmağan ediŋazaytmağaneŋyou hadn't reduced | olazaytmağan ediazaytmağanedhe hadn't reduced | bizazaytmağan edikazaytmağanekwe hadn't reduced | sizazaytmağan edigizazaytmağanegizyou all hadn't reduced | alaazaytmağan edileazaytmağanellethey hadn't reduced |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menazayta edimazaytaemI was reducing | senazayta ediŋazaytaeŋyou were reducing | olazayta ediazaytaedhe was reducing | bizazayta edikazaytaekwe were reducing | sizazayta edigizazaytaegizyou all were reducing | alaazayta edileazaytaellethey were reducing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menazaytmay edimazaytmayemI wasn't reducing | senazaytmay ediŋazaytmayeŋyou weren't reducing | olazaytmay ediazaytmayedhe wasn't reducing | bizazaytmay edikazaytmayekwe weren't reducing | sizazaytmay edigizazaytmayegizyou all weren't reducing | alaazaytmay edileazaytmayellethey weren't reducing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menazaytıwçan edimazaytıwçanemI used to reduce | senazaytıwçan ediŋazaytıwçaneŋyou used to reduce | olazaytıwçan ediazaytıwçanedhe used to reduce | bizazaytıwçan edikazaytıwçanekwe used to reduce | sizazaytıwçan edigizazaytıwçanegizyou all used to reduce | alaazaytıwçan edileazaytıwçanellethey used to reduce |
| Habitual past (used to) | menazaytmawçan edimazaytmawçanemI didn't use to reduce | senazaytmawçan ediŋazaytmawçaneŋyou didn't use to reduce | olazaytmawçan ediazaytmawçanedhe didn't use to reduce | bizazaytmawçan edikazaytmawçanekwe didn't use to reduce | sizazaytmawçan edigizazaytmawçanegizyou all didn't use to reduce | alaazaytmawçan edileazaytmawçanellethey didn't use to reduce |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olazaytıb edihe had reduced and remained so | alaazaytıb edilethey had reduced and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olazaytıb tül edihe hadn't reduced | alaazaytıb tül edilethey hadn't reduced | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menazaytıb tura edimazaytıb turaemI had kept reducing | senazaytıb tura ediŋazaytıb turaeŋyou had kept reducing | olazaytıb tura ediazaytıb turaedhe had kept reducing | bizazaytıb tura edikazaytıb turaekwe had kept reducing | sizazaytıb tura edigizazaytıb turaegizyou all had kept reducing | alaazaytıb tura edileazaytıb turaellethey had kept reducing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menazaytıb turmay edimazaytıb turmayemI hadn't kept reducing | senazaytıb turmay ediŋazaytıb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept reducing | olazaytıb turmay ediazaytıb turmayedhe hadn't kept reducing | bizazaytıb turmay edikazaytıb turmayekwe hadn't kept reducing | sizazaytıb turmay edigizazaytıb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept reducing | alaazaytıb turmay edileazaytıb turmayellethey hadn't kept reducing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menazayta tura edimazayta turaemI was in the middle of reducing | senazayta tura ediŋazayta turaeŋyou were in the middle of reducing | olazayta tura ediazayta turaedhe was in the middle of reducing | bizazayta tura edikazayta turaekwe were in the middle of reducing | sizazayta tura edigizazayta turaegizyou all were in the middle of reducing | alaazayta tura edileazayta turaellethey were in the middle of reducing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menazayta turmay edimazayta turmayemI wasn't in the middle of reducing | senazayta turmay ediŋazayta turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of reducing | olazayta turmay ediazayta turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of reducing | bizazayta turmay edikazayta turmayekwe weren't in the middle of reducing | sizazayta turmay edigizazayta turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of reducing | alaazayta turmay edileazayta turmayellethey weren't in the middle of reducing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menazaytır edimazaytır emI would reduce | senazaytır ediŋazaytır eŋyou would reduce | olazaytır ediazaytır edhe would reduce | bizazaytır edikazaytır ekwe would reduce | sizazaytır edigizazaytır egizyou all would reduce | alaazaytır edileazaytır ellethey would reduce |
| Conditional result (would) | menazaytmaz edimazaytmaz emI wouldn't reduce | senazaytmaz ediŋazaytmaz eŋyou wouldn't reduce | olazaytmaz ediazaytmaz edhe wouldn't reduce | bizazaytmaz edikazaytmaz ekwe wouldn't reduce | sizazaytmaz edigizazaytmaz egizyou all wouldn't reduce | alaazaytmaz edileazaytmaz ellethey wouldn't reduce |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menazaytırıq edimazaytırıq emI would have reduced | senazaytırıq ediŋazaytırıq eŋyou would have reduced | olazaytırıq ediazaytırıq edhe would have reduced | bizazaytırıq edikazaytırıq ekwe would have reduced | sizazaytırıq edigizazaytırıq egizyou all would have reduced | alaazaytırıq edileazaytırıq ellethey would have reduced |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menazaytırıq tül edimazaytırıq tül emI wouldn't have reduced | senazaytırıq tül ediŋazaytırıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have reduced | olazaytırıq tül ediazaytırıq tül edhe wouldn't have reduced | bizazaytırıq tül edikazaytırıq tül ekwe wouldn't have reduced | sizazaytırıq tül edigizazaytırıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have reduced | alaazaytırıq tül edileazaytırıq tül ellethey wouldn't have reduced |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menazaytsamif I reduce | senazaytsaŋif you reduce | olazaytsaif he reduces | bizazaytsaqif we reduce | sizazaytsağızif you all reduce | alaazaytsalaif they reduce |
| Conditional | menazaytmasamif I don't reduce | senazaytmasaŋif you don't reduce | olazaytmasaif he doesn't reduce | bizazaytmasaqif we don't reduce | sizazaytmasağızif you all don't reduce | alaazaytmasalaif they don't reduce |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menazayta esemif I am reducing | senazayta eseŋif you are reducing | olazayta eseif he is reducing | bizazayta esekif we are reducing | sizazayta esegizif you all are reducing | alaazayta eseleif they are reducing |
| Conditional, present real | menazaytmay esemif I am not reducing | senazaytmay eseŋif you are not reducing | olazaytmay eseif he is not reducing | bizazaytmay esekif we are not reducing | sizazaytmay esegizif you all are not reducing | alaazaytmay eseleif they are not reducing |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menazaytsam ediazaytsam edif only I reduced | senazaytsaŋ ediazaytsaŋ edif only you reduced | olazaytsa ediazaytsaedif only he reduced | bizazaytsaq ediazaytsaq edif only we reduced | sizazaytsağız ediazaytsağız edif only you all reduced | alaazaytsala ediazaytsalaedif only they reduced |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menazaytmasam ediazaytmasam edif only I didn't reduce | senazaytmasaŋ ediazaytmasaŋ edif only you didn't reduce | olazaytmasa ediazaytmasaedif only he didn't reduce | bizazaytmasaq ediazaytmasaq edif only we didn't reduce | sizazaytmasağız ediazaytmasağız edif only you all didn't reduce | alaazaytmasala ediazaytmasalaedif only they didn't reduce |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menazaytıb tursamif I carry on reducing | senazaytıb tursaŋif you carry on reducing | olazaytıb tursaif he carries on reducing | bizazaytıb tursaqif we carry on reducing | sizazaytıb tursağızif you all carry on reducing | alaazaytıb tursalaif they carry on reducing |
| Durative conditional | menazaytıb turmasamif I don't carry on reducing | senazaytıb turmasaŋif you don't carry on reducing | olazaytıb turmasaif he doesn't carry on reducing | bizazaytıb turmasaqif we don't carry on reducing | sizazaytıb turmasağızif you all don't carry on reducing | alaazaytıb turmasalaif they don't carry on reducing |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menazaytıb tura esemif I have kept reducing | senazaytıb tura eseŋif you have kept reducing | olazaytıb tura eseif he has kept reducing | bizazaytıb tura esekif we have kept reducing | sizazaytıb tura esegizif you all have kept reducing | alaazaytıb tura eseleif they have kept reducing |
| Durative conditional, present real | menazaytıb turmay esemif I haven't kept reducing | senazaytıb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept reducing | olazaytıb turmay eseif he hasn't kept reducing | bizazaytıb turmay esekif we haven't kept reducing | sizazaytıb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept reducing | alaazaytıb turmay eseleif they haven't kept reducing |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menazayta tursamif I keep reducing | senazayta tursaŋif you keep reducing | olazayta tursaif he keeps reducing | bizazayta tursaqif we keep reducing | sizazayta tursağızif you all keep reducing | alaazayta tursalaif they keep reducing |
| Progressive conditional | menazaytmay tursamif I keep on not reducing | senazaytmay tursaŋif you keep on not reducing | olazaytmay tursaif he keeps on not reducing | bizazaytmay tursaqif we keep on not reducing | sizazaytmay tursağızif you all keep on not reducing | alaazaytmay tursalaif they keep on not reducing |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menazayta tura esemif I am in the middle of reducing | senazayta tura eseŋif you are in the middle of reducing | olazayta tura eseif he is in the middle of reducing | bizazayta tura esekif we are in the middle of reducing | sizazayta tura esegizif you all are in the middle of reducing | alaazayta tura eseleif they are in the middle of reducing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menazaytmay tura esemif I keep on not reducing | senazaytmay tura eseŋif you keep on not reducing | olazaytmay tura eseif he keeps on not reducing | bizazaytmay tura esekif we keep on not reducing | sizazaytmay tura esegizif you all keep on not reducing | alaazaytmay tura eseleif they keep on not reducing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menazaytdım esemif I reduced | senazaytdıŋ eseŋif you reduced | olazaytdı eseif he reduced | bizazaytdıq esekif we reduced | sizazaytdığız esegizif you all reduced | alaazaytdıla eseleif they reduced |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menazaytmadım esemif I didn't reduce | senazaytmadıŋ eseŋif you didn't reduce | olazaytmadı eseif he didn't reduce | bizazaytmadıq esekif we didn't reduce | sizazaytmadığız esegizif you all didn't reduce | alaazaytmadıla eseleif they didn't reduce |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menazaythan esemif I did reduce (indeed) | senazaythan eseŋif you did reduce (indeed) | olazaythan eseif he did reduce (indeed) | bizazaythan esekif we did reduce (indeed) | sizazaythan esegizif you all did reduce (indeed) | alaazaythan eseleif they did reduce (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menazaytmağan esemif I didn't reduce (indeed) | senazaytmağan eseŋif you didn't reduce (indeed) | olazaytmağan eseif he didn't reduce (indeed) | bizazaytmağan esekif we didn't reduce (indeed) | sizazaytmağan esegizif you all didn't reduce (indeed) | alaazaytmağan eseleif they didn't reduce (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menazaythan bolsamif I had reduced | senazaythan bolsaŋif you had reduced | olazaythan bolsaif he had reduced | bizazaythan bolsaqif we had reduced | sizazaythan bolsağızif you all had reduced | alaazaythan bolsalaif they had reduced |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menazaytmağan bolsamif I hadn't reduced | senazaytmağan bolsaŋif you hadn't reduced | olazaytmağan bolsaif he hadn't reduced | bizazaytmağan bolsaqif we hadn't reduced | sizazaytmağan bolsağızif you all hadn't reduced | alaazaytmağan bolsalaif they hadn't reduced |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menazaythan bolsam ediazaythan bolsam edif only I had reduced | senazaythan bolsaŋ ediazaythan bolsaŋ edif only you had reduced | olazaythan bolsa ediazaythan bolsaedif only he had reduced | bizazaythan bolsaq ediazaythan bolsaq edif only we had reduced | sizazaythan bolsağız ediazaythan bolsağız edif only you all had reduced | alaazaythan bolsala ediazaythan bolsalaedif only they had reduced |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menazaytmağan bolsam ediazaytmağan bolsam edif only I hadn't reduced | senazaytmağan bolsaŋ ediazaytmağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't reduced | olazaytmağan bolsa ediazaytmağan bolsaedif only he hadn't reduced | bizazaytmağan bolsaq ediazaytmağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't reduced | sizazaytmağan bolsağız ediazaytmağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't reduced | alaazaytmağan bolsala ediazaytmağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't reduced |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menazaytır esemif I will reduce | senazaytır eseŋif you will reduce | olazaytır eseif he will reduce | bizazaytır esekif we will reduce | sizazaytır esegizif you all will reduce | alaazaytır eseleif they will reduce |
| Conditional, aorist | menazaytmaz esemif I won't reduce | senazaytmaz eseŋif you won't reduce | olazaytmaz eseif he won't reduce | bizazaytmaz esekif we won't reduce | sizazaytmaz esegizif you all won't reduce | alaazaytmaz eseleif they won't reduce |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menazaytırıq esemif I am going to reduce | senazaytırıq eseŋif you are going to reduce | olazaytırıq eseif he is going to reduce | bizazaytırıq esekif we are going to reduce | sizazaytırıq esegizif you all are going to reduce | alaazaytırıq eseleif they are going to reduce |
| Conditional, future | menazaytırıq tül esemif I am not going to reduce | senazaytırıq tül eseŋif you are not going to reduce | olazaytırıq tül eseif he is not going to reduce | bizazaytırıq tül esekif we are not going to reduce | sizazaytırıq tül esegizif you all are not going to reduce | alaazaytırıq tül eseleif they are not going to reduce |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menazaytırıq bolsamif I were going to reduce | senazaytırıq bolsaŋif you were going to reduce | olazaytırıq bolsaif he were going to reduce | bizazaytırıq bolsaqif we were going to reduce | sizazaytırıq bolsağızif you all were going to reduce | alaazaytırıq bolsalaif they were going to reduce |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menazaytmazlıq bolsamif I were not going to reduce | senazaytmazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to reduce | olazaytmazlıq bolsaif he were not going to reduce | bizazaytmazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to reduce | sizazaytmazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to reduce | alaazaytmazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to reduce |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso azaytdıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menazayta bolurmaI must be reducing | senazayta bolursayou must be reducing | olazayta bolurhe must be reducing | bizazayta bolurbuzwe must be reducing | sizazayta bolursuzyou all must be reducing | alaazayta bolurlathey must be reducing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menazaytmay bolurmaI must not be reducing | senazaytmay bolursayou must not be reducing | olazaytmay bolurhe must not be reducing | bizazaytmay bolurbuzwe must not be reducing | sizazaytmay bolursuzyou all must not be reducing | alaazaytmay bolurlathey must not be reducing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menazayta tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of reducing | senazayta tura bolursayou must be in the middle of reducing | olazayta tura bolurhe must be in the middle of reducing | bizazayta tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of reducing | sizazayta tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of reducing | alaazayta tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of reducing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menazaytmay tura bolurmaI must keep on not reducing | senazaytmay tura bolursayou must keep on not reducing | olazaytmay tura bolurhe must keep on not reducing | bizazaytmay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not reducing | sizazaytmay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not reducing | alaazaytmay tura bolurlathey must keep on not reducing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menazaythan bolurmaI must have reduced | senazaythan bolursayou must have reduced | olazaythan bolurhe must have reduced | bizazaythan bolurbuzwe must have reduced | sizazaythan bolursuzyou all must have reduced | alaazaythan bolurlathey must have reduced |
| Inference (must have) | menazaytmağan bolurmaI must not have reduced | senazaytmağan bolursayou must not have reduced | olazaytmağan bolurhe must not have reduced | bizazaytmağan bolurbuzwe must not have reduced | sizazaytmağan bolursuzyou all must not have reduced | alaazaytmağan bolurlathey must not have reduced |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menazaytırıq bolurmaI must be going to reduce | senazaytırıq bolursayou must be going to reduce | olazaytırıq bolurhe must be going to reduce | bizazaytırıq bolurbuzwe must be going to reduce | sizazaytırıq bolursuzyou all must be going to reduce | alaazaytırıq bolurlathey must be going to reduce |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menazaytmazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to reduce | senazaytmazlıq bolursayou must not be going to reduce | olazaytmazlıq bolurhe must not be going to reduce | bizazaytmazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to reduce | sizazaytmazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to reduce | alaazaytmazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to reduce |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menazaytayımlet me reduce | senazayt!reduce! | olazaytsınlet him reduce | bizazaytayıqlet's reduce | sizazaytığız!reduce, you all! | alaazaytsınlalet them reduce |
| Commands & suggestions | menazaytmayımlet me not reduce | senazaytma!don't reduce! | olazaytmasınlet him not reduce | bizazaytmayıqlet's not reduce | sizazaytmağız!don't reduce, you all! | alaazaytmasınlalet them not reduce |
| Commands & suggestions | menazaytayımmı?shall I reduce? | olazaytsınmı?should he reduce? | bizazaytayıqmı?shall we reduce? | alaazaytsınlamı?should they reduce? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menazaytmayımmı?shall I not reduce? | olazaytmasınmı?should he not reduce? | bizazaytmayıqmı?shall we not reduce? | alaazaytmasınlamı?should they not reduce? | ||
| Requests | senazaytçı2azaytçınplease reduce | olazaytsınçıdo let him reduce | sizazaytçığızplease reduce (plural/polite) | alaazaytsınlaçıdo let them reduce | ||
| Requests | senazaytmaçı2azaytmaçınplease don't reduce | olazaytmasınçıdo let him not reduce | sizazaytmaçığızplease don't reduce (plural/polite) | alaazaytmasınlaçıdo let them not reduce | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senazaythınazaythımay you reduce | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senazaytmağınazaytmağımay you not reduce | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menazaythay edim azaytha edimwould that I reduced | senazaythay ediŋ azaytha ediŋwould that you reduced | olazaythay edi azaytha ediwould that he reduced | bizazaythay edik azaytha edikwould that we reduced | sizazaythay edigiz azaytha edigizwould that you all reduced | alaazaythay edile azaytha edilewould that they reduced |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menazaytmağay edim azaytmağa edimwould that I did not reduce | senazaytmağay ediŋ azaytmağa ediŋwould that you did not reduce | olazaytmağay edi azaytmağa ediwould that he did not reduce | bizazaytmağay edik azaytmağa edikwould that we did not reduce | sizazaytmağay edigiz azaytmağa edigizwould that you all did not reduce | alaazaytmağay edile azaytmağa edilewould that they did not reduce |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menazaytmağa qoyayımazaytma qoyayımlet me allow someone to reduce | senazaytmağa qoy!azaytma qoy!let someone reduce! | olazaytmağa qoysunazaytma qoysunlet him allow someone to reduce | bizazaytmağa qoyayıqazaytma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to reduce | sizazaytmağa qoyuğuz!azaytma qoyuğuz!let someone reduce, you all! | alaazaytmağa qoysunlaazaytma qoysunlalet them allow someone to reduce |
| Let someone… (commands) | menazaytmağa qoymayımazaytma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to reduce | senazaytmağa qoyma!azaytma qoyma!don't let someone reduce! | olazaytmağa qoymasınazaytma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to reduce | bizazaytmağa qoymayıqazaytma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to reduce | sizazaytmağa qoymağız!azaytma qoymağız!don't let someone reduce, you all! | alaazaytmağa qoymasınlaazaytma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to reduce |
| Let someone… (commands) | menazaytmağa qoyayımmı?azaytma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to reduce? | olazaytmağa qoysunmu?azaytma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to reduce? | bizazaytmağa qoyayıqmı?azaytma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to reduce? | alaazaytmağa qoysunlamı?azaytma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to reduce? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menazaytmağa qoymayımmı?azaytma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to reduce? | olazaytmağa qoymasınmı?azaytma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to reduce? | bizazaytmağa qoymayıqmı?azaytma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to reduce? | alaazaytmağa qoymasınlamı?azaytma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to reduce? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menazaytmağa qoyamaazaytma qoyamaI allow someone to reduce | senazaytmağa qoyasaazaytma qoyasayou allow someone to reduce | olazaytmağa qoyadıazaytma qoyadıhe allows someone to reduce | bizazaytmağa qoyabızazaytma qoyabızwe allow someone to reduce | sizazaytmağa qoyasızazaytma qoyasızyou all allow someone to reduce | alaazaytmağa qoyadılaazaytma qoyadılathey allow someone to reduce |
| Let someone… (present) | menazaytmağa qoymaymaazaytma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to reduce | senazaytmağa qoymaysaazaytma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to reduce | olazaytmağa qoymaydıazaytma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to reduce | bizazaytmağa qoymaybızazaytma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to reduce | sizazaytmağa qoymaysızazaytma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to reduce | alaazaytmağa qoymaydılaazaytma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to reduce |
| Let someone… (present) | menazaytmağa qoyamamı?azaytma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to reduce? | senazaytmağa qoyamısa?azaytma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to reduce? | olazaytmağa qoyamıdı?azaytma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to reduce? | bizazaytmağa qoyabızmı?azaytma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to reduce? | sizazaytmağa qoyamısız?azaytma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to reduce? | alaazaytmağa qoyamıdıla?azaytma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to reduce? |
| Let someone… (present) | menazaytmağa qoymaymamı?azaytma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to reduce? | senazaytmağa qoymaymısa?azaytma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to reduce? | olazaytmağa qoymaymıdı?azaytma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to reduce? | bizazaytmağa qoymaybızmı?azaytma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to reduce? | sizazaytmağa qoymaymısız?azaytma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to reduce? | alaazaytmağa qoymaymıdıla?azaytma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to reduce? |
| Let someone… (past) | menazaytmağa qoydumazaytma qoydumI allowed someone to reduce | senazaytmağa qoyduŋazaytma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to reduce | olazaytmağa qoyduazaytma qoyduhe allowed someone to reduce | bizazaytmağa qoyduqazaytma qoyduqwe allowed someone to reduce | sizazaytmağa qoyduğuzazaytma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to reduce | alaazaytmağa qoydulaazaytma qoydulathey allowed someone to reduce |
| Let someone… (past) | menazaytmağa qoymadımazaytma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to reduce | senazaytmağa qoymadıŋazaytma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to reduce | olazaytmağa qoymadıazaytma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to reduce | bizazaytmağa qoymadıqazaytma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to reduce | sizazaytmağa qoymadığızazaytma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to reduce | alaazaytmağa qoymadılaazaytma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to reduce |
| Let someone… (past) | menazaytmağa qoydummu?azaytma qoydummu?did I allow someone to reduce? | senazaytmağa qoyduŋmu?azaytma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to reduce? | olazaytmağa qoydumu?azaytma qoydumu?did he allow someone to reduce? | bizazaytmağa qoyduqmu?azaytma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to reduce? | sizazaytmağa qoyduğuzmu?azaytma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to reduce? | alaazaytmağa qoydulamı?azaytma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to reduce? |
| Let someone… (past) | menazaytmağa qoymadımmı?azaytma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to reduce? | senazaytmağa qoymadıŋmı?azaytma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to reduce? | olazaytmağa qoymadımı?azaytma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to reduce? | bizazaytmağa qoymadıqmı?azaytma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to reduce? | sizazaytmağa qoymadığızmı?azaytma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to reduce? | alaazaytmağa qoymadılamı?azaytma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to reduce? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
azaytalırğa be able to reduce · azaytalmazğa be unable to reduce
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menazaytalamaI can reduce | senazaytalasayou can reduce | olazaytaladıhe can reduce | bizazaytalabızwe can reduce | sizazaytalasızyou all can reduce | alaazaytaladılathey can reduce |
| Ability — present | menazaytalmaymaI can't reduce | senazaytalmaysayou can't reduce | olazaytalmaydıhe can't reduce | bizazaytalmaybızwe can't reduce | sizazaytalmaysızyou all can't reduce | alaazaytalmaydılathey can't reduce |
| Ability — present | menazaytalamamı? azaytalamıma?can I reduce? | senazaytalamısa?can you reduce? | olazaytalamıdı?can he reduce? | bizazaytalabızmı? azaytalamıbız?can we reduce? | sizazaytalamısız?can you all reduce? | alaazaytalamıdıla?can they reduce? |
| Ability — present | menazaytalmaymamı? azaytalmaymıma?can't I reduce? | senazaytalmaymısa?can't you reduce? | olazaytalmaymıdı?can't he reduce? | bizazaytalmaybızmı? azaytalmaymıbız?can't we reduce? | sizazaytalmaymısız?can't you all reduce? | alaazaytalmaymıdıla?can't they reduce? |
| Ability — if I can… | menazaytalsamif I can reduce | senazaytalsaŋif you can reduce | olazaytalsaif he can reduce | bizazaytalsaqif we can reduce | sizazaytalsağızif you all can reduce | alaazaytalsalaif they can reduce |
| Ability — if I can… | menazaytalmasamif I can't reduce | senazaytalmasaŋif you can't reduce | olazaytalmasaif he can't reduce | bizazaytalmasaqif we can't reduce | sizazaytalmasağızif you all can't reduce | alaazaytalmasalaif they can't reduce |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menazaytaldımI was able to reduce | senazaytaldıŋyou were able to reduce | olazaytaldıhe was able to reduce | bizazaytaldıqwe were able to reduce | sizazaytaldığızyou all were able to reduce | alaazaytaldılathey were able to reduce |
| Ability — simple past | menazaytalmadımI could not reduce | senazaytalmadıŋyou could not reduce | olazaytalmadıhe could not reduce | bizazaytalmadıqwe could not reduce | sizazaytalmadığızyou all could not reduce | alaazaytalmadılathey could not reduce |
| Ability — simple past | menazaytaldımmı?was I able to reduce? | senazaytaldıŋmı?were you able to reduce? | olazaytaldımı?was he able to reduce? | bizazaytaldıqmı?were we able to reduce? | sizazaytaldığızmı?were you all able to reduce? | alaazaytaldılamı?were they able to reduce? |
| Ability — simple past | menazaytalmadımmı?couldn't I reduce? | senazaytalmadıŋmı?couldn't you reduce? | olazaytalmadımı?couldn't he reduce? | bizazaytalmadıqmı?couldn't we reduce? | sizazaytalmadığızmı?couldn't you all reduce? | alaazaytalmadılamı?couldn't they reduce? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menazaytalğanmaI have been able to reduce | senazaytalğansayou have been able to reduce | olazaytalğandıhe has been able to reduce | bizazaytalğanbızwe have been able to reduce | sizazaytalğansızyou all have been able to reduce | alaazaytalğandılathey have been able to reduce |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menazaytalmağanmaI haven't been able to reduce | senazaytalmağansayou haven't been able to reduce | olazaytalmağandıhe hasn't been able to reduce | bizazaytalmağanbızwe haven't been able to reduce | sizazaytalmağansızyou all haven't been able to reduce | alaazaytalmağandılathey haven't been able to reduce |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menazaytalğanmamı? azaytalğanmıma?have I been able to reduce? | senazaytalğanmısa?have you been able to reduce? | olazaytalğanmıdı?has he been able to reduce? | bizazaytalğanbızmı? azaytalğanmıbız?have we been able to reduce? | sizazaytalğanmısız?have you all been able to reduce? | alaazaytalğanmıdıla?have they been able to reduce? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menazaytalmağanmamı? azaytalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to reduce? | senazaytalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to reduce? | olazaytalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to reduce? | bizazaytalmağanbızmı? azaytalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to reduce? | sizazaytalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to reduce? | alaazaytalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to reduce? |
| Ability — past perfect | menazaytalğan edimazaytalğanemI had been able to reduce | senazaytalğan ediŋazaytalğaneŋyou had been able to reduce | olazaytalğan ediazaytalğanedhe had been able to reduce | bizazaytalğan edikazaytalğanekwe had been able to reduce | sizazaytalğan edigizazaytalğanegizyou all had been able to reduce | alaazaytalğan edileazaytalğanellethey had been able to reduce |
| Ability — past perfect | menazaytalmağan edimazaytalmağanemI hadn't been able to reduce | senazaytalmağan ediŋazaytalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to reduce | olazaytalmağan ediazaytalmağanedhe hadn't been able to reduce | bizazaytalmağan edikazaytalmağanekwe hadn't been able to reduce | sizazaytalmağan edigizazaytalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to reduce | alaazaytalmağan edileazaytalmağanellethey hadn't been able to reduce |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menazaytala edimazaytalaemI could reduce | senazaytala ediŋazaytalaeŋyou could reduce | olazaytala ediazaytalaedhe could reduce | bizazaytala edikazaytalaekwe could reduce | sizazaytala edigizazaytalaegizyou all could reduce | alaazaytala edileazaytalaellethey could reduce |
| Ability — past background | menazaytalmay edimazaytalmayemI could not reduce | senazaytalmay ediŋazaytalmayeŋyou could not reduce | olazaytalmay ediazaytalmayedhe could not reduce | bizazaytalmay edikazaytalmayekwe could not reduce | sizazaytalmay edigizazaytalmayegizyou all could not reduce | alaazaytalmay edileazaytalmayellethey could not reduce |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menazaytalırmaI will be able to reduce | senazaytalırsayou will be able to reduce | olazaytalırhe will be able to reduce | bizazaytalırbızwe will be able to reduce | sizazaytalırsızyou all will be able to reduce | alaazaytalırlathey will be able to reduce |
| Ability — future I | menazaytalmazmaI won't be able to reduce | senazaytalmazsayou won't be able to reduce | olazaytalmazhe won't be able to reduce | bizazaytalmazbızwe won't be able to reduce | sizazaytalmazsızyou all won't be able to reduce | alaazaytalmazlathey won't be able to reduce |
| Ability — future I | menazaytalırmamı? azaytalırmıma?will I be able to reduce? | senazaytalırmısa?will you be able to reduce? | olazaytalırmı?will he be able to reduce? | bizazaytalırbızmı? azaytalırmıbız?will we be able to reduce? | sizazaytalırmısız?will you all be able to reduce? | alaazaytalırlamı? azaytalırmıla?will they be able to reduce? |
| Ability — future I | menazaytalmazmamı? azaytalmazmıma?won't I be able to reduce? | senazaytalmazmısa?won't you be able to reduce? | olazaytalmazmı?won't he be able to reduce? | bizazaytalmazbızmı? azaytalmazmıbız?won't we be able to reduce? | sizazaytalmazmısız?won't you all be able to reduce? | alaazaytalmazlamı? azaytalmazmıla?won't they be able to reduce? |
| Ability — future II | menazaytallıqmaI am going to be able to reduce | senazaytallıqsayou are going to be able to reduce | olazaytallıqdıhe is going to be able to reduce | bizazaytallıqbızwe are going to be able to reduce | sizazaytallıqsızyou all are going to be able to reduce | alaazaytallıqdılathey are going to be able to reduce |
| Ability — future II | menazaytallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to reduce | senazaytallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to reduce | olazaytallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to reduce | bizazaytallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to reduce | sizazaytallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to reduce | alaazaytallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to reduce |
| Ability — future II | menazaytallıqmamı? azaytallıqmıma?am I going to be able to reduce? | senazaytallıqmısa?are you going to be able to reduce? | olazaytallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to reduce? | bizazaytallıqbızmı? azaytallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to reduce? | sizazaytallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to reduce? | alaazaytallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to reduce? |
| Ability — future II | menazaytallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to reduce? | senazaytallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to reduce? | olazaytallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to reduce? | bizazaytallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to reduce? | sizazaytallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to reduce? | alaazaytallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to reduce? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menazaytalır edimazaytalır emI would be able to reduce | senazaytalır ediŋazaytalır eŋyou would be able to reduce | olazaytalır ediazaytalır edhe would be able to reduce | bizazaytalır edikazaytalır ekwe would be able to reduce | sizazaytalır edigizazaytalır egizyou all would be able to reduce | alaazaytalır edileazaytalır ellethey would be able to reduce |
| Ability — would be able to… | menazaytalmaz edimazaytalmaz emI wouldn't be able to reduce | senazaytalmaz ediŋazaytalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to reduce | olazaytalmaz ediazaytalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to reduce | bizazaytalmaz edikazaytalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to reduce | sizazaytalmaz edigizazaytalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to reduce | alaazaytalmaz edileazaytalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to reduce |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senazaytalğınazaytalğımay you be able to reduce | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senazaytalmağınazaytalmağımay you not be able to reduce | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menazaytırğa izleymeI want to reduce | senazaytırğa izleyseyou want to reduce | olazaytırğa izleydihe wants to reduce | bizazaytırğa izleybizwe want to reduce | sizazaytırğa izleysizyou all want to reduce | alaazaytırğa izleydilethey want to reduce |
| want to | menazaytırğa izlemeymeI do not want to reduce | senazaytırğa izlemeyseyou do not want to reduce | olazaytırğa izlemeydihe does not want to reduce | bizazaytırğa izlemeybizwe do not want to reduce | sizazaytırğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to reduce | alaazaytırğa izlemeydilethey do not want to reduce |
| would like to | menazaytırğa süemeI would like to reduce | senazaytırğa süeseyou would like to reduce | olazaytırğa süedihe would like to reduce | bizazaytırğa süebizwe would like to reduce | sizazaytırğa süesizyou all would like to reduce | alaazaytırğa süedilethey would like to reduce |
| would like to | menazaytırğa süymeymeI would not like to reduce | senazaytırğa süymeyseyou would not like to reduce | olazaytırğa süymeydihe would not like to reduce | bizazaytırğa süymeybizwe would not like to reduce | sizazaytırğa süymeysizyou all would not like to reduce | alaazaytırğa süymeydilethey would not like to reduce |
| hope to | menazaytırğa umutlanamaI hope to reduce | senazaytırğa umutlanasayou hope to reduce | olazaytırğa umutlanadıhe hopes to reduce | bizazaytırğa umutlanabızwe hope to reduce | sizazaytırğa umutlanasızyou all hope to reduce | alaazaytırğa umutlanadılathey hope to reduce |
| hope to | menazaytırğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to reduce | senazaytırğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to reduce | olazaytırğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to reduce | bizazaytırğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to reduce | sizazaytırğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to reduce | alaazaytırğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to reduce |
| be about to | menazaytırğa deb turamaI am about to reduce | senazaytırğa deb turasayou are about to reduce | olazaytırğa deb turadıhe is about to reduce | bizazaytırğa deb turabızwe are about to reduce | sizazaytırğa deb turasızyou all are about to reduce | alaazaytırğa deb turadılathey are about to reduce |
| be about to | menazaytırğa deb turmaymaI am not about to reduce | senazaytırğa deb turmaysayou are not about to reduce | olazaytırğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to reduce | bizazaytırğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to reduce | sizazaytırğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to reduce | alaazaytırğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to reduce |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menazaytırğa kerekmeI need to reduce | senazaytırğa kerekseyou need to reduce | olazaytırğa kerekdihe needs to reduce | bizazaytırğa kerekbizwe need to reduce | sizazaytırğa kereksizyou all need to reduce | alaazaytırğa kerekdilethey need to reduce |
| need to | menazaytırğa kerek tülmeI do not need to reduce | senazaytırğa kerek tülseyou do not need to reduce | olazaytırğa kerek tüldühe does not need to reduce | bizazaytırğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to reduce | sizazaytırğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to reduce | alaazaytırğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to reduce |
| have to | menmenŋe azaytırğa tüşediI have to reduce | sensenŋe azaytırğa tüşediyou have to reduce | olaŋa azaytırğa tüşedihe has to reduce | bizbizge azaytırğa tüşediwe have to reduce | sizsizge azaytırğa tüşediyou all have to reduce | alaalağa azaytırğa tüşedithey have to reduce |
| have to | menmenŋe azaytırğa tüşmeydiI do not have to reduce | sensenŋe azaytırğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to reduce | olaŋa azaytırğa tüşmeydihe does not have to reduce | bizbizge azaytırğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to reduce | sizsizge azaytırğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to reduce | alaalağa azaytırğa tüşmeydithey do not have to reduce |
| be obliged to | menazaytırğa borçlumaI am obliged to reduce | senazaytırğa borçlusayou are obliged to reduce | olazaytırğa borçluduhe is obliged to reduce | bizazaytırğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to reduce | sizazaytırğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to reduce | alaazaytırğa borçludulathey are obliged to reduce |
| be obliged to | menazaytırğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to reduce | senazaytırğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to reduce | olazaytırğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to reduce | bizazaytırğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to reduce | sizazaytırğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to reduce | alaazaytırğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to reduce |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menazaytırğa madarım bardıI have a way to reduce | senazaytırğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to reduce | olazaytırğa madarı bardıhe has a way to reduce | bizazaytırğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to reduce | sizazaytırğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to reduce | alaazaytırğa madarları bardıthey have a way to reduce |
| have a way to | menazaytırğa madarım joqduI have no way to reduce | senazaytırğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to reduce | olazaytırğa madarı joqduhe has no way to reduce | bizazaytırğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to reduce | sizazaytırğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to reduce | alaazaytırğa madarları joqduthey have no way to reduce |
| be free to | menazaytırğa erkinligim bardıI am free to reduce | senazaytırğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to reduce | olazaytırğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to reduce | bizazaytırğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to reduce | sizazaytırğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to reduce | alaazaytırğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to reduce |
| be free to | menazaytırğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to reduce | senazaytırğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to reduce | olazaytırğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to reduce | bizazaytırğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to reduce | sizazaytırğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to reduce | alaazaytırğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to reduce |
| be possible to | menmenŋe azaytırğa bolluqduit is possible for me to reduce | sensenŋe azaytırğa bolluqduit is possible for you to reduce | olaŋa azaytırğa bolluqduit is possible for him to reduce | bizbizge azaytırğa bolluqduit is possible for us to reduce | sizsizge azaytırğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to reduce | alaalağa azaytırğa bolluqduit is possible for them to reduce |
| be possible to | menmenŋe azaytırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to reduce | sensenŋe azaytırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to reduce | olaŋa azaytırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to reduce | bizbizge azaytırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to reduce | sizsizge azaytırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to reduce | alaalağa azaytırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to reduce |
| be ready to | menazaytırğa hazırmaI am ready to reduce | senazaytırğa hazırsayou are ready to reduce | olazaytırğa hazırdıhe is ready to reduce | bizazaytırğa hazırbızwe are ready to reduce | sizazaytırğa hazırsızyou all are ready to reduce | alaazaytırğa hazırdılathey are ready to reduce |
| be ready to | menazaytırğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to reduce | senazaytırğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to reduce | olazaytırğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to reduce | bizazaytırğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to reduce | sizazaytırğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to reduce | alaazaytırğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to reduce |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menazaytırğa küreşemeI am trying to reduce | senazaytırğa küreşeseyou are trying to reduce | olazaytırğa küreşedihe is trying to reduce | bizazaytırğa küreşebizwe are trying to reduce | sizazaytırğa küreşesizyou all are trying to reduce | alaazaytırğa küreşedilethey are trying to reduce |
| try to | menazaytırğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to reduce | senazaytırğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to reduce | olazaytırğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to reduce | bizazaytırğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to reduce | sizazaytırğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to reduce | alaazaytırğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to reduce |
| agree to | menazaytırğa unaymaI agree to reduce | senazaytırğa unaysayou agree to reduce | olazaytırğa unaydıhe agrees to reduce | bizazaytırğa unaybızwe agree to reduce | sizazaytırğa unaysızyou all agree to reduce | alaazaytırğa unaydılathey agree to reduce |
| agree to | menazaytırğa unamaymaI refuse to reduce | senazaytırğa unamaysayou refuse to reduce | olazaytırğa unamaydıhe refuses to reduce | bizazaytırğa unamaybızwe refuse to reduce | sizazaytırğa unamaysızyou all refuse to reduce | alaazaytırğa unamaydılathey refuse to reduce |
| hurry to | menazaytırğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to reduce | senazaytırğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to reduce | olazaytırğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to reduce | bizazaytırğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to reduce | sizazaytırğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to reduce | alaazaytırğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to reduce |
| hurry to | menazaytırğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to reduce | senazaytırğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to reduce | olazaytırğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to reduce | bizazaytırğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to reduce | sizazaytırğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to reduce | alaazaytırğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to reduce |
| be afraid to | menazaytırğa qorqamaI am afraid to reduce | senazaytırğa qorqasayou are afraid to reduce | olazaytırğa qorqadıhe is afraid to reduce | bizazaytırğa qorqabızwe are afraid to reduce | sizazaytırğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to reduce | alaazaytırğa qorqadılathey are afraid to reduce |
| be afraid to | menazaytırğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to reduce | senazaytırğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to reduce | olazaytırğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to reduce | bizazaytırğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to reduce | sizazaytırğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to reduce | alaazaytırğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to reduce |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menazayta bolmazmaI can't be reducing | senazayta bolmazsayou can't be reducing | olazayta bolmazhe can't be reducing | bizazayta bolmazbızwe can't be reducing | sizazayta bolmazsızyou all can't be reducing | alaazayta bolmazlathey can't be reducing |
| Inference, present — double negation | menazaytmay bolmazmaI must be reducing (emphatic) | senazaytmay bolmazsayou must be reducing (emphatic) | olazaytmay bolmazhe must be reducing (emphatic) | bizazaytmay bolmazbızwe must be reducing (emphatic) | sizazaytmay bolmazsızyou all must be reducing (emphatic) | alaazaytmay bolmazlathey must be reducing (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menazayta turmasamif I don't keep reducing | senazayta turmasaŋif you don't keep reducing | olazayta turmasaif he doesn't keep reducing | bizazayta turmasaqif we don't keep reducing | sizazayta turmasağızif you all don't keep reducing | alaazayta turmasalaif they don't keep reducing |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menazayta tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of reducing | senazayta tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of reducing | olazayta tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of reducing | bizazayta tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of reducing | sizazayta tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of reducing | alaazayta tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of reducing |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menazaytmay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not reducing (emphatic) | senazaytmay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not reducing (emphatic) | olazaytmay tura bolmazhe must keep on not reducing (emphatic) | bizazaytmay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not reducing (emphatic) | sizazaytmay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not reducing (emphatic) | alaazaytmay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not reducing (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menazaytmay turamaI keep on not reducing | senazaytmay turasayou keep on not reducing | olazaytmay turadıhe keeps on not reducing | bizazaytmay turabızwe keep on not reducing | sizazaytmay turasızyou all keep on not reducing | alaazaytmay turadılathey keep on not reducing |
| Progressive — double negation | menazaytmay turmaymaI am not keeping on not reducing | senazaytmay turmaysayou are not keeping on not reducing | olazaytmay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not reducing | bizazaytmay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not reducing | sizazaytmay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not reducing | alaazaytmay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not reducing |
| Progressive — double negation | menazaytmay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not reducing? | senazaytmay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not reducing? | olazaytmay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not reducing? | bizazaytmay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not reducing? | sizazaytmay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not reducing? | alaazaytmay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not reducing? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menazaythan bolmazmaI can't have reduced | senazaythan bolmazsayou can't have reduced | olazaythan bolmazhe can't have reduced | bizazaythan bolmazbızwe can't have reduced | sizazaythan bolmazsızyou all can't have reduced | alaazaythan bolmazlathey can't have reduced |
| Inference — double negation | menazaytmağan bolmazmaI must have reduced (emphatic) | senazaytmağan bolmazsayou must have reduced (emphatic) | olazaytmağan bolmazhe must have reduced (emphatic) | bizazaytmağan bolmazbızwe must have reduced (emphatic) | sizazaytmağan bolmazsızyou all must have reduced (emphatic) | alaazaytmağan bolmazlathey must have reduced (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menazaythan bolmasamif it weren't that I had reduced | senazaythan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had reduced | olazaythan bolmasaif it weren't that he had reduced | bizazaythan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had reduced | sizazaythan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had reduced | alaazaythan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had reduced |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menazaytmağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't reduced | senazaytmağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't reduced | olazaytmağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't reduced | bizazaytmağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't reduced | sizazaytmağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't reduced | alaazaytmağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't reduced |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menazaytırıq bolmazmaI can't be going to reduce | senazaytırıq bolmazsayou can't be going to reduce | olazaytırıq bolmazhe can't be going to reduce | bizazaytırıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to reduce | sizazaytırıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to reduce | alaazaytırıq bolmazlathey can't be going to reduce |
| Inference, future — double negation | menazaytmazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to reduce (emphatic) | senazaytmazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to reduce (emphatic) | olazaytmazlıq bolmazhe must be going to reduce (emphatic) | bizazaytmazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to reduce (emphatic) | sizazaytmazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to reduce (emphatic) | alaazaytmazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to reduce (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menazaytırıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to reduce | senazaytırıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to reduce | olazaytırıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to reduce | bizazaytırıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to reduce | sizazaytırıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to reduce | alaazaytırıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to reduce |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menazaytmazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to reduce | senazaytmazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to reduce | olazaytmazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to reduce | bizazaytmazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to reduce | sizazaytmazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to reduce | alaazaytmazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to reduce |