azab
/azab/
Definitions
1. torment, severe suffering endured by a person
- azab çegerge tüşdü — it fell to him to endure torment
- azabı köb boldu — his suffering was great
- jüregine azab saldı — he laid torment upon his heart
2. punishment inflicted for wrongdoing, chastisement
- azab günahlığa berillikdi — punishment will be meted out to the sinner
- jahanimde azab qatıdı — the punishment in hell is severe
- tersligi üçün azabın kördü — he received his chastisement for his guilt
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or .Cases
| Singular | Plural | When to use it | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | azabthe torment | azablathe torments | the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence |
| genitive | azabnıthe torment's | azablanıthe torments' | the owner — whose it is |
| accusative | azabnıthe torment (as the object) | azablanıthe torments (as the object) | a specific, known object — whom or what |
| dative | azabhato the torment | azablağato the torments | direction or recipient — to where, to whom |
| locative | azabdaat / in the torment | azabladaat / in the torments | where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it" |
| ablative | azabdanfrom the torment | azabladanfrom the torments | where it comes from; also "than" when comparing |
When to use each case
- nominative
- the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence
- genitive
- the owner — whose it is
- accusative
- a specific, known object — whom or what
- dative
- direction or recipient — to where, to whom
- locative
- where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it"
- ablative
- where it comes from; also "than" when comparing
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.
With an owner
| One owned | Several owned | |
|---|---|---|
| my | azabımmy torment | azablarımmy torments |
| your | azabıngyour torment | azablarıngyour torments |
| his / her | azabıhis / her torment | azablarıhis / her torments |
| our | azabıbızour torment | azablarıbızour torments |
| you all's | azabığızyou all's torment | azablarığızyou all's torments |
| their | azablarıtheir torment | azablarıtheir torments |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: azabları can mean "his / her torments", "their torment", or "their torments" — context decides.