aynırğa
/ajnɯrʁa/
1. grow, thrive — Said of people, animals and plants growing well.
- sabiy aynığandı — the child has grown
- küzlükle mardasız aşhı aynığandıla — the winter crops have grown extremely well
- malla aynıydıla, aslam boladıla — the livestock thrive and become numerous
- balala aynıydıla — the children are growing
- jaş terk aynıdı — the boy grew quickly
- terekle igi aynıdıla — the trees grew well
- mal aynır üçün — so that the livestock may thrive
2. put on weight, fill out, regain condition — Said of a person or animal that was thin or ill and is now recovering.
- qozula bir kesek aynıdıla — the lambs have put on a little weight
- malla aynıy başladıla — the livestock began to regain condition
- arıq malla aynıdıla — the lean beasts have filled out
- aynıb keledi — he is filling out
- awrub, aynıyalmaydı — having been ill, he cannot regain his condition
3. develop, improve, flourish, revive — Used of things such as a language, a town or a farm rather than of a body.
- literaturabız aynıydı — our literature is developing
- literaturabız art jıllada igi aynığandı — our literature has developed well in recent years
- mülkübüz aynıy turadı — our farm keeps developing
- aynı, jaşna, tuwğan şaharım meni — flourish, prosper, my native town
- mülk aynıydı — the farm is developing
- til aynıydı — the language is developing
- şahar terk aynıdı — the town developed quickly
4. grow rich, prosper — Often of profiting at other people's expense.
- kulakla halqnı qıyının aşab aynığandıla — the kulaks grew rich on the people's labor
- ellile aynıy turadıla — the villagers keep prospering
- satıw bla aynıdı — he grew rich by trade
- aynığan adam — a man who has grown rich
Conjugation
Common forms
- aynıydıhe is growing
- aynıdıhe grew
- aynığandıhe has grown
- aynırhe will grow
- aynırıqdıhe is going to grow
- aynıy edihe was growing
- aynısaif he grows
- aynı!grow!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menaynıymaI am growing | senaynıysayou are growing | olaynıydıhe is growing | bizaynıybızwe are growing | sizaynıysızyou all are growing | alaaynıydılathey are growing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menaynımaymaI am not growing | senaynımaysayou are not growing | olaynımaydıhe is not growing | bizaynımaybızwe are not growing | sizaynımaysızyou all are not growing | alaaynımaydılathey are not growing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menaynıymamı? aynıymıma?am I growing? | senaynıymısa?are you growing? | olaynıymıdı?is he growing? | bizaynıybızmı? aynıymıbız?are we growing? | sizaynıymısız?are you all growing? | alaaynıymıdıla?are they growing? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menaynımaymamı? aynımaymıma?aren't I growing? | senaynımaymısa?aren't you growing? | olaynımaymıdı?isn't he growing? | bizaynımaybızmı? aynımaymıbız?aren't we growing? | sizaynımaymısız?aren't you all growing? | alaaynımaymıdıla?aren't they growing? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menaynıwçanmaI usually grow | senaynıwçansayou usually grow | olaynıwçandıhe usually grows | bizaynıwçanbızwe usually grow | sizaynıwçansızyou all usually grow | alaaynıwçandılathey usually grow |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menaynımawçanmaI usually don't grow | senaynımawçansayou usually don't grow | olaynımawçandıhe usually doesn't grow | bizaynımawçanbızwe usually don't grow | sizaynımawçansızyou all usually don't grow | alaaynımawçandılathey usually don't grow |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menaynıwçanmamı? aynıwçanmıma?do I usually grow? | senaynıwçanmısa?do you usually grow? | olaynıwçanmıdı?does he usually grow? | bizaynıwçanbızmı? aynıwçanmıbız?do we usually grow? | sizaynıwçanmısız?do you all usually grow? | alaaynıwçanmıdıla?do they usually grow? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menaynımawçanmamı? aynımawçanmıma?do I usually not grow? | senaynımawçanmısa?do you usually not grow? | olaynımawçanmıdı?does he usually not grow? | bizaynımawçanbızmı? aynımawçanmıbız?do we usually not grow? | sizaynımawçanmısız?do you all usually not grow? | alaaynımawçanmıdıla?do they usually not grow? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olaynıbdıhe has grown and remains so | alaaynıbdılathey have grown and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olaynıbmıdı?has he grown? | alaaynıbmıdıla?have they grown? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menaynıb turamaI keep growing | senaynıb turasayou keep growing | olaynıb turadıhe keeps growing | bizaynıb turabızwe keep growing | sizaynıb turasızyou all keep growing | alaaynıb turadılathey keep growing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menaynıb turmaymaI don't keep growing | senaynıb turmaysayou don't keep growing | olaynıb turmaydıhe doesn't keep growing | bizaynıb turmaybızwe don't keep growing | sizaynıb turmaysızyou all don't keep growing | alaaynıb turmaydılathey don't keep growing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menaynıb turamamı? aynıb turamıma?do I keep growing? | senaynıb turamısa?do you keep growing? | olaynıb turamıdı?does he keep growing? | bizaynıb turabızmı? aynıb turamıbız?do we keep growing? | sizaynıb turamısız?do you all keep growing? | alaaynıb turamıdıla?do they keep growing? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menaynıb turmaymamı? aynıb turmaymıma?don't I keep growing? | senaynıb turmaymısa?don't you keep growing? | olaynıb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep growing? | bizaynıb turmaybızmı? aynıb turmaymıbız?don't we keep growing? | sizaynıb turmaymısız?don't you all keep growing? | alaaynıb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep growing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menaynıy turamaI am in the middle of growing | senaynıy turasayou are in the middle of growing | olaynıy turadıhe is in the middle of growing | bizaynıy turabızwe are in the middle of growing | sizaynıy turasızyou all are in the middle of growing | alaaynıy turadılathey are in the middle of growing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menaynıy turmaymaI am not in the middle of growing | senaynıy turmaysayou are not in the middle of growing | olaynıy turmaydıhe is not in the middle of growing | bizaynıy turmaybızwe are not in the middle of growing | sizaynıy turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of growing | alaaynıy turmaydılathey are not in the middle of growing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menaynıy turamamı? aynıy turamıma?am I in the middle of growing? | senaynıy turamısa?are you in the middle of growing? | olaynıy turamıdı?is he in the middle of growing? | bizaynıy turabızmı? aynıy turamıbız?are we in the middle of growing? | sizaynıy turamısız?are you all in the middle of growing? | alaaynıy turamıdıla?are they in the middle of growing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menaynıy turmaymamı? aynıy turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of growing? | senaynıy turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of growing? | olaynıy turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of growing? | bizaynıy turmaybızmı? aynıy turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of growing? | sizaynıy turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of growing? | alaaynıy turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of growing? |
| Simple past (definite) | menaynıdımI grew | senaynıdıŋyou grew | olaynıdıhe grew | bizaynıdıqwe grew | sizaynıdığızyou all grew | alaaynıdılathey grew |
| Simple past (definite) | menaynımadımI didn't grow | senaynımadıŋyou didn't grow | olaynımadıhe didn't grow | bizaynımadıqwe didn't grow | sizaynımadığızyou all didn't grow | alaaynımadılathey didn't grow |
| Simple past (definite) | menaynıdımmı?did I grow? | senaynıdıŋmı?did you grow? | olaynıdımı?did he grow? | bizaynıdıqmı?did we grow? | sizaynıdığızmı?did you all grow? | alaaynıdılamı?did they grow? |
| Simple past (definite) | menaynımadımmı?didn't I grow? | senaynımadıŋmı?didn't you grow? | olaynımadımı?didn't he grow? | bizaynımadıqmı?didn't we grow? | sizaynımadığızmı?didn't you all grow? | alaaynımadılamı?didn't they grow? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menaynığanmaI have grown | senaynığansayou have grown | olaynığandıhe has grown | bizaynığanbızwe have grown | sizaynığansızyou all have grown | alaaynığandılathey have grown |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menaynımağanmaI haven't grown | senaynımağansayou haven't grown | olaynımağandıhe hasn't grown | bizaynımağanbızwe haven't grown | sizaynımağansızyou all haven't grown | alaaynımağandılathey haven't grown |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menaynığanmamı? aynığanmıma?have I grown? | senaynığanmısa?have you grown? | olaynığanmıdı?has he grown? | bizaynığanbızmı? aynığanmıbız?have we grown? | sizaynığanmısız?have you all grown? | alaaynığanmıdıla?have they grown? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menaynımağanmamı? aynımağanmıma?haven't I grown? | senaynımağanmısa?haven't you grown? | olaynımağanmıdı?hasn't he grown? | bizaynımağanbızmı? aynımağanmıbız?haven't we grown? | sizaynımağanmısız?haven't you all grown? | alaaynımağanmıdıla?haven't they grown? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menaynıb turdumI kept growing | senaynıb turduŋyou kept growing | olaynıb turduhe kept growing | bizaynıb turduqwe kept growing | sizaynıb turduğuzyou all kept growing | alaaynıb turdulathey kept growing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menaynıb turmadımI didn't keep growing | senaynıb turmadıŋyou didn't keep growing | olaynıb turmadıhe didn't keep growing | bizaynıb turmadıqwe didn't keep growing | sizaynıb turmadığızyou all didn't keep growing | alaaynıb turmadılathey didn't keep growing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menaynırmaI will grow | senaynırsayou will grow | olaynırhe will grow | bizaynırbızwe will grow | sizaynırsızyou all will grow | alaaynırlathey will grow |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menaynımazmaI won't grow | senaynımazsayou won't grow | olaynımazhe won't grow | bizaynımazbızwe won't grow | sizaynımazsızyou all won't grow | alaaynımazlathey won't grow |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menaynırmamı? aynırmıma?will I grow? | senaynırmısa?will you grow? | olaynırmı?will he grow? | bizaynırbızmı? aynırmıbız?will we grow? | sizaynırmısız?will you all grow? | alaaynırlamı? aynırmıla?will they grow? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menaynımazmamı? aynımazmıma?won't I grow? | senaynımazmısa?won't you grow? | olaynımazmı?won't he grow? | bizaynımazbızmı? aynımazmıbız?won't we grow? | sizaynımazmısız?won't you all grow? | alaaynımazlamı? aynımazmıla?won't they grow? |
| Definite future (future II) | menaynırıqmaI am going to grow | senaynırıqsayou are going to grow | olaynırıqdıhe is going to grow | bizaynırıqbızwe are going to grow | sizaynırıqsızyou all are going to grow | alaaynırıqdılathey are going to grow |
| Definite future (future II) | menaynırıq tülmeI am not going to grow | senaynırıq tülseyou are not going to grow | olaynırıq tüldühe is not going to grow | bizaynırıq tülbüzwe are not going to grow | sizaynırıq tülsüzyou all are not going to grow | alaaynırıq tüldülethey are not going to grow |
| Definite future (future II) | menaynırıqmamı? aynırıqmıma?am I going to grow? | senaynırıqmısa?are you going to grow? | olaynırıqmıdı?is he going to grow? | bizaynırıqbızmı? aynırıqmıbız?are we going to grow? | sizaynırıqmısız?are you all going to grow? | alaaynırıqmıdıla?are they going to grow? |
| Definite future (future II) | menaynırıq tülmüme?aren't I going to grow? | senaynırıq tülmüse?aren't you going to grow? | olaynırıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to grow? | bizaynırıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to grow? | sizaynırıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to grow? | alaaynırıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to grow? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menaynığan edimaynığanemI had grown | senaynığan ediŋaynığaneŋyou had grown | olaynığan ediaynığanedhe had grown | bizaynığan edikaynığanekwe had grown | sizaynığan edigizaynığanegizyou all had grown | alaaynığan edileaynığanellethey had grown |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menaynımağan edimaynımağanemI hadn't grown | senaynımağan ediŋaynımağaneŋyou hadn't grown | olaynımağan ediaynımağanedhe hadn't grown | bizaynımağan edikaynımağanekwe hadn't grown | sizaynımağan edigizaynımağanegizyou all hadn't grown | alaaynımağan edileaynımağanellethey hadn't grown |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menaynıy edimaynıyemI was growing | senaynıy ediŋaynıyeŋyou were growing | olaynıy ediaynıyedhe was growing | bizaynıy edikaynıyekwe were growing | sizaynıy edigizaynıyegizyou all were growing | alaaynıy edileaynıyellethey were growing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menaynımay edimaynımayemI wasn't growing | senaynımay ediŋaynımayeŋyou weren't growing | olaynımay ediaynımayedhe wasn't growing | bizaynımay edikaynımayekwe weren't growing | sizaynımay edigizaynımayegizyou all weren't growing | alaaynımay edileaynımayellethey weren't growing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menaynıwçan edimaynıwçanemI used to grow | senaynıwçan ediŋaynıwçaneŋyou used to grow | olaynıwçan ediaynıwçanedhe used to grow | bizaynıwçan edikaynıwçanekwe used to grow | sizaynıwçan edigizaynıwçanegizyou all used to grow | alaaynıwçan edileaynıwçanellethey used to grow |
| Habitual past (used to) | menaynımawçan edimaynımawçanemI didn't use to grow | senaynımawçan ediŋaynımawçaneŋyou didn't use to grow | olaynımawçan ediaynımawçanedhe didn't use to grow | bizaynımawçan edikaynımawçanekwe didn't use to grow | sizaynımawçan edigizaynımawçanegizyou all didn't use to grow | alaaynımawçan edileaynımawçanellethey didn't use to grow |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olaynıb edihe had grown and remained so | alaaynıb edilethey had grown and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olaynıb tül edihe hadn't grown | alaaynıb tül edilethey hadn't grown | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menaynıb tura edimaynıb turaemI had kept growing | senaynıb tura ediŋaynıb turaeŋyou had kept growing | olaynıb tura ediaynıb turaedhe had kept growing | bizaynıb tura edikaynıb turaekwe had kept growing | sizaynıb tura edigizaynıb turaegizyou all had kept growing | alaaynıb tura edileaynıb turaellethey had kept growing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menaynıb turmay edimaynıb turmayemI hadn't kept growing | senaynıb turmay ediŋaynıb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept growing | olaynıb turmay ediaynıb turmayedhe hadn't kept growing | bizaynıb turmay edikaynıb turmayekwe hadn't kept growing | sizaynıb turmay edigizaynıb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept growing | alaaynıb turmay edileaynıb turmayellethey hadn't kept growing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menaynıy tura edimaynıy turaemI was in the middle of growing | senaynıy tura ediŋaynıy turaeŋyou were in the middle of growing | olaynıy tura ediaynıy turaedhe was in the middle of growing | bizaynıy tura edikaynıy turaekwe were in the middle of growing | sizaynıy tura edigizaynıy turaegizyou all were in the middle of growing | alaaynıy tura edileaynıy turaellethey were in the middle of growing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menaynıy turmay edimaynıy turmayemI wasn't in the middle of growing | senaynıy turmay ediŋaynıy turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of growing | olaynıy turmay ediaynıy turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of growing | bizaynıy turmay edikaynıy turmayekwe weren't in the middle of growing | sizaynıy turmay edigizaynıy turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of growing | alaaynıy turmay edileaynıy turmayellethey weren't in the middle of growing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menaynır edimaynır emI would grow | senaynır ediŋaynır eŋyou would grow | olaynır ediaynır edhe would grow | bizaynır edikaynır ekwe would grow | sizaynır edigizaynır egizyou all would grow | alaaynır edileaynır ellethey would grow |
| Conditional result (would) | menaynımaz edimaynımaz emI wouldn't grow | senaynımaz ediŋaynımaz eŋyou wouldn't grow | olaynımaz ediaynımaz edhe wouldn't grow | bizaynımaz edikaynımaz ekwe wouldn't grow | sizaynımaz edigizaynımaz egizyou all wouldn't grow | alaaynımaz edileaynımaz ellethey wouldn't grow |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menaynırıq edimaynırıq emI would have grown | senaynırıq ediŋaynırıq eŋyou would have grown | olaynırıq ediaynırıq edhe would have grown | bizaynırıq edikaynırıq ekwe would have grown | sizaynırıq edigizaynırıq egizyou all would have grown | alaaynırıq edileaynırıq ellethey would have grown |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menaynırıq tül edimaynırıq tül emI wouldn't have grown | senaynırıq tül ediŋaynırıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have grown | olaynırıq tül ediaynırıq tül edhe wouldn't have grown | bizaynırıq tül edikaynırıq tül ekwe wouldn't have grown | sizaynırıq tül edigizaynırıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have grown | alaaynırıq tül edileaynırıq tül ellethey wouldn't have grown |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menaynısamif I grow | senaynısaŋif you grow | olaynısaif he grows | bizaynısaqif we grow | sizaynısağızif you all grow | alaaynısalaif they grow |
| Conditional | menaynımasamif I don't grow | senaynımasaŋif you don't grow | olaynımasaif he doesn't grow | bizaynımasaqif we don't grow | sizaynımasağızif you all don't grow | alaaynımasalaif they don't grow |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menaynıy esemif I am growing | senaynıy eseŋif you are growing | olaynıy eseif he is growing | bizaynıy esekif we are growing | sizaynıy esegizif you all are growing | alaaynıy eseleif they are growing |
| Conditional, present real | menaynımay esemif I am not growing | senaynımay eseŋif you are not growing | olaynımay eseif he is not growing | bizaynımay esekif we are not growing | sizaynımay esegizif you all are not growing | alaaynımay eseleif they are not growing |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menaynısam ediaynısam edif only I grew | senaynısaŋ ediaynısaŋ edif only you grew | olaynısa ediaynısaedif only he grew | bizaynısaq ediaynısaq edif only we grew | sizaynısağız ediaynısağız edif only you all grew | alaaynısala ediaynısalaedif only they grew |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menaynımasam ediaynımasam edif only I didn't grow | senaynımasaŋ ediaynımasaŋ edif only you didn't grow | olaynımasa ediaynımasaedif only he didn't grow | bizaynımasaq ediaynımasaq edif only we didn't grow | sizaynımasağız ediaynımasağız edif only you all didn't grow | alaaynımasala ediaynımasalaedif only they didn't grow |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menaynıb tursamif I carry on growing | senaynıb tursaŋif you carry on growing | olaynıb tursaif he carries on growing | bizaynıb tursaqif we carry on growing | sizaynıb tursağızif you all carry on growing | alaaynıb tursalaif they carry on growing |
| Durative conditional | menaynıb turmasamif I don't carry on growing | senaynıb turmasaŋif you don't carry on growing | olaynıb turmasaif he doesn't carry on growing | bizaynıb turmasaqif we don't carry on growing | sizaynıb turmasağızif you all don't carry on growing | alaaynıb turmasalaif they don't carry on growing |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menaynıb tura esemif I have kept growing | senaynıb tura eseŋif you have kept growing | olaynıb tura eseif he has kept growing | bizaynıb tura esekif we have kept growing | sizaynıb tura esegizif you all have kept growing | alaaynıb tura eseleif they have kept growing |
| Durative conditional, present real | menaynıb turmay esemif I haven't kept growing | senaynıb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept growing | olaynıb turmay eseif he hasn't kept growing | bizaynıb turmay esekif we haven't kept growing | sizaynıb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept growing | alaaynıb turmay eseleif they haven't kept growing |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menaynıy tursamif I keep growing | senaynıy tursaŋif you keep growing | olaynıy tursaif he keeps growing | bizaynıy tursaqif we keep growing | sizaynıy tursağızif you all keep growing | alaaynıy tursalaif they keep growing |
| Progressive conditional | menaynımay tursamif I keep on not growing | senaynımay tursaŋif you keep on not growing | olaynımay tursaif he keeps on not growing | bizaynımay tursaqif we keep on not growing | sizaynımay tursağızif you all keep on not growing | alaaynımay tursalaif they keep on not growing |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menaynıy tura esemif I am in the middle of growing | senaynıy tura eseŋif you are in the middle of growing | olaynıy tura eseif he is in the middle of growing | bizaynıy tura esekif we are in the middle of growing | sizaynıy tura esegizif you all are in the middle of growing | alaaynıy tura eseleif they are in the middle of growing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menaynımay tura esemif I keep on not growing | senaynımay tura eseŋif you keep on not growing | olaynımay tura eseif he keeps on not growing | bizaynımay tura esekif we keep on not growing | sizaynımay tura esegizif you all keep on not growing | alaaynımay tura eseleif they keep on not growing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menaynıdım esemif I grew | senaynıdıŋ eseŋif you grew | olaynıdı eseif he grew | bizaynıdıq esekif we grew | sizaynıdığız esegizif you all grew | alaaynıdıla eseleif they grew |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menaynımadım esemif I didn't grow | senaynımadıŋ eseŋif you didn't grow | olaynımadı eseif he didn't grow | bizaynımadıq esekif we didn't grow | sizaynımadığız esegizif you all didn't grow | alaaynımadıla eseleif they didn't grow |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menaynığan esemif I did grow (indeed) | senaynığan eseŋif you did grow (indeed) | olaynığan eseif he did grow (indeed) | bizaynığan esekif we did grow (indeed) | sizaynığan esegizif you all did grow (indeed) | alaaynığan eseleif they did grow (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menaynımağan esemif I didn't grow (indeed) | senaynımağan eseŋif you didn't grow (indeed) | olaynımağan eseif he didn't grow (indeed) | bizaynımağan esekif we didn't grow (indeed) | sizaynımağan esegizif you all didn't grow (indeed) | alaaynımağan eseleif they didn't grow (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menaynığan bolsamif I had grown | senaynığan bolsaŋif you had grown | olaynığan bolsaif he had grown | bizaynığan bolsaqif we had grown | sizaynığan bolsağızif you all had grown | alaaynığan bolsalaif they had grown |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menaynımağan bolsamif I hadn't grown | senaynımağan bolsaŋif you hadn't grown | olaynımağan bolsaif he hadn't grown | bizaynımağan bolsaqif we hadn't grown | sizaynımağan bolsağızif you all hadn't grown | alaaynımağan bolsalaif they hadn't grown |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menaynığan bolsam ediaynığan bolsam edif only I had grown | senaynığan bolsaŋ ediaynığan bolsaŋ edif only you had grown | olaynığan bolsa ediaynığan bolsaedif only he had grown | bizaynığan bolsaq ediaynığan bolsaq edif only we had grown | sizaynığan bolsağız ediaynığan bolsağız edif only you all had grown | alaaynığan bolsala ediaynığan bolsalaedif only they had grown |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menaynımağan bolsam ediaynımağan bolsam edif only I hadn't grown | senaynımağan bolsaŋ ediaynımağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't grown | olaynımağan bolsa ediaynımağan bolsaedif only he hadn't grown | bizaynımağan bolsaq ediaynımağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't grown | sizaynımağan bolsağız ediaynımağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't grown | alaaynımağan bolsala ediaynımağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't grown |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menaynır esemif I will grow | senaynır eseŋif you will grow | olaynır eseif he will grow | bizaynır esekif we will grow | sizaynır esegizif you all will grow | alaaynır eseleif they will grow |
| Conditional, aorist | menaynımaz esemif I won't grow | senaynımaz eseŋif you won't grow | olaynımaz eseif he won't grow | bizaynımaz esekif we won't grow | sizaynımaz esegizif you all won't grow | alaaynımaz eseleif they won't grow |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menaynırıq esemif I am going to grow | senaynırıq eseŋif you are going to grow | olaynırıq eseif he is going to grow | bizaynırıq esekif we are going to grow | sizaynırıq esegizif you all are going to grow | alaaynırıq eseleif they are going to grow |
| Conditional, future | menaynırıq tül esemif I am not going to grow | senaynırıq tül eseŋif you are not going to grow | olaynırıq tül eseif he is not going to grow | bizaynırıq tül esekif we are not going to grow | sizaynırıq tül esegizif you all are not going to grow | alaaynırıq tül eseleif they are not going to grow |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menaynırıq bolsamif I were going to grow | senaynırıq bolsaŋif you were going to grow | olaynırıq bolsaif he were going to grow | bizaynırıq bolsaqif we were going to grow | sizaynırıq bolsağızif you all were going to grow | alaaynırıq bolsalaif they were going to grow |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menaynımazlıq bolsamif I were not going to grow | senaynımazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to grow | olaynımazlıq bolsaif he were not going to grow | bizaynımazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to grow | sizaynımazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to grow | alaaynımazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to grow |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso aynıdıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menaynıy bolurmaI must be growing | senaynıy bolursayou must be growing | olaynıy bolurhe must be growing | bizaynıy bolurbuzwe must be growing | sizaynıy bolursuzyou all must be growing | alaaynıy bolurlathey must be growing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menaynımay bolurmaI must not be growing | senaynımay bolursayou must not be growing | olaynımay bolurhe must not be growing | bizaynımay bolurbuzwe must not be growing | sizaynımay bolursuzyou all must not be growing | alaaynımay bolurlathey must not be growing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menaynıy tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of growing | senaynıy tura bolursayou must be in the middle of growing | olaynıy tura bolurhe must be in the middle of growing | bizaynıy tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of growing | sizaynıy tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of growing | alaaynıy tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of growing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menaynımay tura bolurmaI must keep on not growing | senaynımay tura bolursayou must keep on not growing | olaynımay tura bolurhe must keep on not growing | bizaynımay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not growing | sizaynımay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not growing | alaaynımay tura bolurlathey must keep on not growing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menaynığan bolurmaI must have grown | senaynığan bolursayou must have grown | olaynığan bolurhe must have grown | bizaynığan bolurbuzwe must have grown | sizaynığan bolursuzyou all must have grown | alaaynığan bolurlathey must have grown |
| Inference (must have) | menaynımağan bolurmaI must not have grown | senaynımağan bolursayou must not have grown | olaynımağan bolurhe must not have grown | bizaynımağan bolurbuzwe must not have grown | sizaynımağan bolursuzyou all must not have grown | alaaynımağan bolurlathey must not have grown |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menaynırıq bolurmaI must be going to grow | senaynırıq bolursayou must be going to grow | olaynırıq bolurhe must be going to grow | bizaynırıq bolurbuzwe must be going to grow | sizaynırıq bolursuzyou all must be going to grow | alaaynırıq bolurlathey must be going to grow |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menaynımazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to grow | senaynımazlıq bolursayou must not be going to grow | olaynımazlıq bolurhe must not be going to grow | bizaynımazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to grow | sizaynımazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to grow | alaaynımazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to grow |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menaynıyımlet me grow | senaynı!grow! | olaynısınlet him grow | bizaynıyıqlet's grow | sizaynığız!grow, you all! | alaaynısınlalet them grow |
| Commands & suggestions | menaynımayımlet me not grow | senaynıma!don't grow! | olaynımasınlet him not grow | bizaynımayıqlet's not grow | sizaynımağız!don't grow, you all! | alaaynımasınlalet them not grow |
| Commands & suggestions | menaynıyımmı?shall I grow? | olaynısınmı?should he grow? | bizaynıyıqmı?shall we grow? | alaaynısınlamı?should they grow? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menaynımayımmı?shall I not grow? | olaynımasınmı?should he not grow? | bizaynımayıqmı?shall we not grow? | alaaynımasınlamı?should they not grow? | ||
| Requests | senaynıçı2aynıçınplease grow | olaynısınçıdo let him grow | sizaynıçığızplease grow (plural/polite) | alaaynısınlaçıdo let them grow | ||
| Requests | senaynımaçı2aynımaçınplease don't grow | olaynımasınçıdo let him not grow | sizaynımaçığızplease don't grow (plural/polite) | alaaynımasınlaçıdo let them not grow | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senaynığınaynığımay you grow | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senaynımağınaynımağımay you not grow | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menaynığay edim aynığa edimwould that I grew | senaynığay ediŋ aynığa ediŋwould that you grew | olaynığay edi aynığa ediwould that he grew | bizaynığay edik aynığa edikwould that we grew | sizaynığay edigiz aynığa edigizwould that you all grew | alaaynığay edile aynığa edilewould that they grew |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menaynımağay edim aynımağa edimwould that I did not grow | senaynımağay ediŋ aynımağa ediŋwould that you did not grow | olaynımağay edi aynımağa ediwould that he did not grow | bizaynımağay edik aynımağa edikwould that we did not grow | sizaynımağay edigiz aynımağa edigizwould that you all did not grow | alaaynımağay edile aynımağa edilewould that they did not grow |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menaynımağa qoyayımaynıma qoyayımlet me allow someone to grow | senaynımağa qoy!aynıma qoy!let someone grow! | olaynımağa qoysunaynıma qoysunlet him allow someone to grow | bizaynımağa qoyayıqaynıma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to grow | sizaynımağa qoyuğuz!aynıma qoyuğuz!let someone grow, you all! | alaaynımağa qoysunlaaynıma qoysunlalet them allow someone to grow |
| Let someone… (commands) | menaynımağa qoymayımaynıma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to grow | senaynımağa qoyma!aynıma qoyma!don't let someone grow! | olaynımağa qoymasınaynıma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to grow | bizaynımağa qoymayıqaynıma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to grow | sizaynımağa qoymağız!aynıma qoymağız!don't let someone grow, you all! | alaaynımağa qoymasınlaaynıma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to grow |
| Let someone… (commands) | menaynımağa qoyayımmı?aynıma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to grow? | olaynımağa qoysunmu?aynıma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to grow? | bizaynımağa qoyayıqmı?aynıma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to grow? | alaaynımağa qoysunlamı?aynıma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to grow? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menaynımağa qoymayımmı?aynıma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to grow? | olaynımağa qoymasınmı?aynıma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to grow? | bizaynımağa qoymayıqmı?aynıma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to grow? | alaaynımağa qoymasınlamı?aynıma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to grow? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menaynımağa qoyamaaynıma qoyamaI allow someone to grow | senaynımağa qoyasaaynıma qoyasayou allow someone to grow | olaynımağa qoyadıaynıma qoyadıhe allows someone to grow | bizaynımağa qoyabızaynıma qoyabızwe allow someone to grow | sizaynımağa qoyasızaynıma qoyasızyou all allow someone to grow | alaaynımağa qoyadılaaynıma qoyadılathey allow someone to grow |
| Let someone… (present) | menaynımağa qoymaymaaynıma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to grow | senaynımağa qoymaysaaynıma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to grow | olaynımağa qoymaydıaynıma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to grow | bizaynımağa qoymaybızaynıma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to grow | sizaynımağa qoymaysızaynıma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to grow | alaaynımağa qoymaydılaaynıma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to grow |
| Let someone… (present) | menaynımağa qoyamamı?aynıma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to grow? | senaynımağa qoyamısa?aynıma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to grow? | olaynımağa qoyamıdı?aynıma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to grow? | bizaynımağa qoyabızmı?aynıma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to grow? | sizaynımağa qoyamısız?aynıma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to grow? | alaaynımağa qoyamıdıla?aynıma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to grow? |
| Let someone… (present) | menaynımağa qoymaymamı?aynıma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to grow? | senaynımağa qoymaymısa?aynıma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to grow? | olaynımağa qoymaymıdı?aynıma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to grow? | bizaynımağa qoymaybızmı?aynıma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to grow? | sizaynımağa qoymaymısız?aynıma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to grow? | alaaynımağa qoymaymıdıla?aynıma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to grow? |
| Let someone… (past) | menaynımağa qoydumaynıma qoydumI allowed someone to grow | senaynımağa qoyduŋaynıma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to grow | olaynımağa qoyduaynıma qoyduhe allowed someone to grow | bizaynımağa qoyduqaynıma qoyduqwe allowed someone to grow | sizaynımağa qoyduğuzaynıma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to grow | alaaynımağa qoydulaaynıma qoydulathey allowed someone to grow |
| Let someone… (past) | menaynımağa qoymadımaynıma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to grow | senaynımağa qoymadıŋaynıma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to grow | olaynımağa qoymadıaynıma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to grow | bizaynımağa qoymadıqaynıma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to grow | sizaynımağa qoymadığızaynıma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to grow | alaaynımağa qoymadılaaynıma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to grow |
| Let someone… (past) | menaynımağa qoydummu?aynıma qoydummu?did I allow someone to grow? | senaynımağa qoyduŋmu?aynıma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to grow? | olaynımağa qoydumu?aynıma qoydumu?did he allow someone to grow? | bizaynımağa qoyduqmu?aynıma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to grow? | sizaynımağa qoyduğuzmu?aynıma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to grow? | alaaynımağa qoydulamı?aynıma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to grow? |
| Let someone… (past) | menaynımağa qoymadımmı?aynıma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to grow? | senaynımağa qoymadıŋmı?aynıma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to grow? | olaynımağa qoymadımı?aynıma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to grow? | bizaynımağa qoymadıqmı?aynıma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to grow? | sizaynımağa qoymadığızmı?aynıma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to grow? | alaaynımağa qoymadılamı?aynıma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to grow? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
aynıyalırğa be able to grow · aynıyalmazğa be unable to grow
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menaynıyalamaI can grow | senaynıyalasayou can grow | olaynıyaladıhe can grow | bizaynıyalabızwe can grow | sizaynıyalasızyou all can grow | alaaynıyaladılathey can grow |
| Ability — present | menaynıyalmaymaI can't grow | senaynıyalmaysayou can't grow | olaynıyalmaydıhe can't grow | bizaynıyalmaybızwe can't grow | sizaynıyalmaysızyou all can't grow | alaaynıyalmaydılathey can't grow |
| Ability — present | menaynıyalamamı? aynıyalamıma?can I grow? | senaynıyalamısa?can you grow? | olaynıyalamıdı?can he grow? | bizaynıyalabızmı? aynıyalamıbız?can we grow? | sizaynıyalamısız?can you all grow? | alaaynıyalamıdıla?can they grow? |
| Ability — present | menaynıyalmaymamı? aynıyalmaymıma?can't I grow? | senaynıyalmaymısa?can't you grow? | olaynıyalmaymıdı?can't he grow? | bizaynıyalmaybızmı? aynıyalmaymıbız?can't we grow? | sizaynıyalmaymısız?can't you all grow? | alaaynıyalmaymıdıla?can't they grow? |
| Ability — if I can… | menaynıyalsamif I can grow | senaynıyalsaŋif you can grow | olaynıyalsaif he can grow | bizaynıyalsaqif we can grow | sizaynıyalsağızif you all can grow | alaaynıyalsalaif they can grow |
| Ability — if I can… | menaynıyalmasamif I can't grow | senaynıyalmasaŋif you can't grow | olaynıyalmasaif he can't grow | bizaynıyalmasaqif we can't grow | sizaynıyalmasağızif you all can't grow | alaaynıyalmasalaif they can't grow |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menaynıyaldımI was able to grow | senaynıyaldıŋyou were able to grow | olaynıyaldıhe was able to grow | bizaynıyaldıqwe were able to grow | sizaynıyaldığızyou all were able to grow | alaaynıyaldılathey were able to grow |
| Ability — simple past | menaynıyalmadımI could not grow | senaynıyalmadıŋyou could not grow | olaynıyalmadıhe could not grow | bizaynıyalmadıqwe could not grow | sizaynıyalmadığızyou all could not grow | alaaynıyalmadılathey could not grow |
| Ability — simple past | menaynıyaldımmı?was I able to grow? | senaynıyaldıŋmı?were you able to grow? | olaynıyaldımı?was he able to grow? | bizaynıyaldıqmı?were we able to grow? | sizaynıyaldığızmı?were you all able to grow? | alaaynıyaldılamı?were they able to grow? |
| Ability — simple past | menaynıyalmadımmı?couldn't I grow? | senaynıyalmadıŋmı?couldn't you grow? | olaynıyalmadımı?couldn't he grow? | bizaynıyalmadıqmı?couldn't we grow? | sizaynıyalmadığızmı?couldn't you all grow? | alaaynıyalmadılamı?couldn't they grow? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menaynıyalğanmaI have been able to grow | senaynıyalğansayou have been able to grow | olaynıyalğandıhe has been able to grow | bizaynıyalğanbızwe have been able to grow | sizaynıyalğansızyou all have been able to grow | alaaynıyalğandılathey have been able to grow |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menaynıyalmağanmaI haven't been able to grow | senaynıyalmağansayou haven't been able to grow | olaynıyalmağandıhe hasn't been able to grow | bizaynıyalmağanbızwe haven't been able to grow | sizaynıyalmağansızyou all haven't been able to grow | alaaynıyalmağandılathey haven't been able to grow |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menaynıyalğanmamı? aynıyalğanmıma?have I been able to grow? | senaynıyalğanmısa?have you been able to grow? | olaynıyalğanmıdı?has he been able to grow? | bizaynıyalğanbızmı? aynıyalğanmıbız?have we been able to grow? | sizaynıyalğanmısız?have you all been able to grow? | alaaynıyalğanmıdıla?have they been able to grow? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menaynıyalmağanmamı? aynıyalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to grow? | senaynıyalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to grow? | olaynıyalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to grow? | bizaynıyalmağanbızmı? aynıyalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to grow? | sizaynıyalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to grow? | alaaynıyalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to grow? |
| Ability — past perfect | menaynıyalğan edimaynıyalğanemI had been able to grow | senaynıyalğan ediŋaynıyalğaneŋyou had been able to grow | olaynıyalğan ediaynıyalğanedhe had been able to grow | bizaynıyalğan edikaynıyalğanekwe had been able to grow | sizaynıyalğan edigizaynıyalğanegizyou all had been able to grow | alaaynıyalğan edileaynıyalğanellethey had been able to grow |
| Ability — past perfect | menaynıyalmağan edimaynıyalmağanemI hadn't been able to grow | senaynıyalmağan ediŋaynıyalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to grow | olaynıyalmağan ediaynıyalmağanedhe hadn't been able to grow | bizaynıyalmağan edikaynıyalmağanekwe hadn't been able to grow | sizaynıyalmağan edigizaynıyalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to grow | alaaynıyalmağan edileaynıyalmağanellethey hadn't been able to grow |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menaynıyala edimaynıyalaemI could grow | senaynıyala ediŋaynıyalaeŋyou could grow | olaynıyala ediaynıyalaedhe could grow | bizaynıyala edikaynıyalaekwe could grow | sizaynıyala edigizaynıyalaegizyou all could grow | alaaynıyala edileaynıyalaellethey could grow |
| Ability — past background | menaynıyalmay edimaynıyalmayemI could not grow | senaynıyalmay ediŋaynıyalmayeŋyou could not grow | olaynıyalmay ediaynıyalmayedhe could not grow | bizaynıyalmay edikaynıyalmayekwe could not grow | sizaynıyalmay edigizaynıyalmayegizyou all could not grow | alaaynıyalmay edileaynıyalmayellethey could not grow |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menaynıyalırmaI will be able to grow | senaynıyalırsayou will be able to grow | olaynıyalırhe will be able to grow | bizaynıyalırbızwe will be able to grow | sizaynıyalırsızyou all will be able to grow | alaaynıyalırlathey will be able to grow |
| Ability — future I | menaynıyalmazmaI won't be able to grow | senaynıyalmazsayou won't be able to grow | olaynıyalmazhe won't be able to grow | bizaynıyalmazbızwe won't be able to grow | sizaynıyalmazsızyou all won't be able to grow | alaaynıyalmazlathey won't be able to grow |
| Ability — future I | menaynıyalırmamı? aynıyalırmıma?will I be able to grow? | senaynıyalırmısa?will you be able to grow? | olaynıyalırmı?will he be able to grow? | bizaynıyalırbızmı? aynıyalırmıbız?will we be able to grow? | sizaynıyalırmısız?will you all be able to grow? | alaaynıyalırlamı? aynıyalırmıla?will they be able to grow? |
| Ability — future I | menaynıyalmazmamı? aynıyalmazmıma?won't I be able to grow? | senaynıyalmazmısa?won't you be able to grow? | olaynıyalmazmı?won't he be able to grow? | bizaynıyalmazbızmı? aynıyalmazmıbız?won't we be able to grow? | sizaynıyalmazmısız?won't you all be able to grow? | alaaynıyalmazlamı? aynıyalmazmıla?won't they be able to grow? |
| Ability — future II | menaynıyallıqmaI am going to be able to grow | senaynıyallıqsayou are going to be able to grow | olaynıyallıqdıhe is going to be able to grow | bizaynıyallıqbızwe are going to be able to grow | sizaynıyallıqsızyou all are going to be able to grow | alaaynıyallıqdılathey are going to be able to grow |
| Ability — future II | menaynıyallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to grow | senaynıyallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to grow | olaynıyallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to grow | bizaynıyallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to grow | sizaynıyallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to grow | alaaynıyallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to grow |
| Ability — future II | menaynıyallıqmamı? aynıyallıqmıma?am I going to be able to grow? | senaynıyallıqmısa?are you going to be able to grow? | olaynıyallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to grow? | bizaynıyallıqbızmı? aynıyallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to grow? | sizaynıyallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to grow? | alaaynıyallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to grow? |
| Ability — future II | menaynıyallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to grow? | senaynıyallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to grow? | olaynıyallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to grow? | bizaynıyallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to grow? | sizaynıyallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to grow? | alaaynıyallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to grow? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menaynıyalır edimaynıyalır emI would be able to grow | senaynıyalır ediŋaynıyalır eŋyou would be able to grow | olaynıyalır ediaynıyalır edhe would be able to grow | bizaynıyalır edikaynıyalır ekwe would be able to grow | sizaynıyalır edigizaynıyalır egizyou all would be able to grow | alaaynıyalır edileaynıyalır ellethey would be able to grow |
| Ability — would be able to… | menaynıyalmaz edimaynıyalmaz emI wouldn't be able to grow | senaynıyalmaz ediŋaynıyalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to grow | olaynıyalmaz ediaynıyalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to grow | bizaynıyalmaz edikaynıyalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to grow | sizaynıyalmaz edigizaynıyalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to grow | alaaynıyalmaz edileaynıyalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to grow |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senaynıyalğınaynıyalğımay you be able to grow | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senaynıyalmağınaynıyalmağımay you not be able to grow | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menaynırğa izleymeI want to grow | senaynırğa izleyseyou want to grow | olaynırğa izleydihe wants to grow | bizaynırğa izleybizwe want to grow | sizaynırğa izleysizyou all want to grow | alaaynırğa izleydilethey want to grow |
| want to | menaynırğa izlemeymeI do not want to grow | senaynırğa izlemeyseyou do not want to grow | olaynırğa izlemeydihe does not want to grow | bizaynırğa izlemeybizwe do not want to grow | sizaynırğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to grow | alaaynırğa izlemeydilethey do not want to grow |
| would like to | menaynırğa süemeI would like to grow | senaynırğa süeseyou would like to grow | olaynırğa süedihe would like to grow | bizaynırğa süebizwe would like to grow | sizaynırğa süesizyou all would like to grow | alaaynırğa süedilethey would like to grow |
| would like to | menaynırğa süymeymeI would not like to grow | senaynırğa süymeyseyou would not like to grow | olaynırğa süymeydihe would not like to grow | bizaynırğa süymeybizwe would not like to grow | sizaynırğa süymeysizyou all would not like to grow | alaaynırğa süymeydilethey would not like to grow |
| hope to | menaynırğa umutlanamaI hope to grow | senaynırğa umutlanasayou hope to grow | olaynırğa umutlanadıhe hopes to grow | bizaynırğa umutlanabızwe hope to grow | sizaynırğa umutlanasızyou all hope to grow | alaaynırğa umutlanadılathey hope to grow |
| hope to | menaynırğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to grow | senaynırğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to grow | olaynırğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to grow | bizaynırğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to grow | sizaynırğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to grow | alaaynırğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to grow |
| be about to | menaynırğa deb turamaI am about to grow | senaynırğa deb turasayou are about to grow | olaynırğa deb turadıhe is about to grow | bizaynırğa deb turabızwe are about to grow | sizaynırğa deb turasızyou all are about to grow | alaaynırğa deb turadılathey are about to grow |
| be about to | menaynırğa deb turmaymaI am not about to grow | senaynırğa deb turmaysayou are not about to grow | olaynırğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to grow | bizaynırğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to grow | sizaynırğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to grow | alaaynırğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to grow |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menaynırğa kerekmeI need to grow | senaynırğa kerekseyou need to grow | olaynırğa kerekdihe needs to grow | bizaynırğa kerekbizwe need to grow | sizaynırğa kereksizyou all need to grow | alaaynırğa kerekdilethey need to grow |
| need to | menaynırğa kerek tülmeI do not need to grow | senaynırğa kerek tülseyou do not need to grow | olaynırğa kerek tüldühe does not need to grow | bizaynırğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to grow | sizaynırğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to grow | alaaynırğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to grow |
| have to | menmenŋe aynırğa tüşediI have to grow | sensenŋe aynırğa tüşediyou have to grow | olaŋa aynırğa tüşedihe has to grow | bizbizge aynırğa tüşediwe have to grow | sizsizge aynırğa tüşediyou all have to grow | alaalağa aynırğa tüşedithey have to grow |
| have to | menmenŋe aynırğa tüşmeydiI do not have to grow | sensenŋe aynırğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to grow | olaŋa aynırğa tüşmeydihe does not have to grow | bizbizge aynırğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to grow | sizsizge aynırğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to grow | alaalağa aynırğa tüşmeydithey do not have to grow |
| be obliged to | menaynırğa borçlumaI am obliged to grow | senaynırğa borçlusayou are obliged to grow | olaynırğa borçluduhe is obliged to grow | bizaynırğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to grow | sizaynırğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to grow | alaaynırğa borçludulathey are obliged to grow |
| be obliged to | menaynırğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to grow | senaynırğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to grow | olaynırğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to grow | bizaynırğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to grow | sizaynırğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to grow | alaaynırğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to grow |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menaynırğa madarım bardıI have a way to grow | senaynırğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to grow | olaynırğa madarı bardıhe has a way to grow | bizaynırğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to grow | sizaynırğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to grow | alaaynırğa madarları bardıthey have a way to grow |
| have a way to | menaynırğa madarım joqduI have no way to grow | senaynırğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to grow | olaynırğa madarı joqduhe has no way to grow | bizaynırğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to grow | sizaynırğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to grow | alaaynırğa madarları joqduthey have no way to grow |
| be free to | menaynırğa erkinligim bardıI am free to grow | senaynırğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to grow | olaynırğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to grow | bizaynırğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to grow | sizaynırğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to grow | alaaynırğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to grow |
| be free to | menaynırğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to grow | senaynırğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to grow | olaynırğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to grow | bizaynırğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to grow | sizaynırğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to grow | alaaynırğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to grow |
| be possible to | menmenŋe aynırğa bolluqduit is possible for me to grow | sensenŋe aynırğa bolluqduit is possible for you to grow | olaŋa aynırğa bolluqduit is possible for him to grow | bizbizge aynırğa bolluqduit is possible for us to grow | sizsizge aynırğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to grow | alaalağa aynırğa bolluqduit is possible for them to grow |
| be possible to | menmenŋe aynırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to grow | sensenŋe aynırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to grow | olaŋa aynırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to grow | bizbizge aynırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to grow | sizsizge aynırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to grow | alaalağa aynırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to grow |
| be ready to | menaynırğa hazırmaI am ready to grow | senaynırğa hazırsayou are ready to grow | olaynırğa hazırdıhe is ready to grow | bizaynırğa hazırbızwe are ready to grow | sizaynırğa hazırsızyou all are ready to grow | alaaynırğa hazırdılathey are ready to grow |
| be ready to | menaynırğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to grow | senaynırğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to grow | olaynırğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to grow | bizaynırğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to grow | sizaynırğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to grow | alaaynırğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to grow |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menaynırğa küreşemeI am trying to grow | senaynırğa küreşeseyou are trying to grow | olaynırğa küreşedihe is trying to grow | bizaynırğa küreşebizwe are trying to grow | sizaynırğa küreşesizyou all are trying to grow | alaaynırğa küreşedilethey are trying to grow |
| try to | menaynırğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to grow | senaynırğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to grow | olaynırğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to grow | bizaynırğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to grow | sizaynırğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to grow | alaaynırğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to grow |
| agree to | menaynırğa unaymaI agree to grow | senaynırğa unaysayou agree to grow | olaynırğa unaydıhe agrees to grow | bizaynırğa unaybızwe agree to grow | sizaynırğa unaysızyou all agree to grow | alaaynırğa unaydılathey agree to grow |
| agree to | menaynırğa unamaymaI refuse to grow | senaynırğa unamaysayou refuse to grow | olaynırğa unamaydıhe refuses to grow | bizaynırğa unamaybızwe refuse to grow | sizaynırğa unamaysızyou all refuse to grow | alaaynırğa unamaydılathey refuse to grow |
| hurry to | menaynırğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to grow | senaynırğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to grow | olaynırğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to grow | bizaynırğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to grow | sizaynırğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to grow | alaaynırğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to grow |
| hurry to | menaynırğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to grow | senaynırğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to grow | olaynırğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to grow | bizaynırğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to grow | sizaynırğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to grow | alaaynırğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to grow |
| be afraid to | menaynırğa qorqamaI am afraid to grow | senaynırğa qorqasayou are afraid to grow | olaynırğa qorqadıhe is afraid to grow | bizaynırğa qorqabızwe are afraid to grow | sizaynırğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to grow | alaaynırğa qorqadılathey are afraid to grow |
| be afraid to | menaynırğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to grow | senaynırğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to grow | olaynırğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to grow | bizaynırğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to grow | sizaynırğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to grow | alaaynırğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to grow |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menaynıy bolmazmaI can't be growing | senaynıy bolmazsayou can't be growing | olaynıy bolmazhe can't be growing | bizaynıy bolmazbızwe can't be growing | sizaynıy bolmazsızyou all can't be growing | alaaynıy bolmazlathey can't be growing |
| Inference, present — double negation | menaynımay bolmazmaI must be growing (emphatic) | senaynımay bolmazsayou must be growing (emphatic) | olaynımay bolmazhe must be growing (emphatic) | bizaynımay bolmazbızwe must be growing (emphatic) | sizaynımay bolmazsızyou all must be growing (emphatic) | alaaynımay bolmazlathey must be growing (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menaynıy turmasamif I don't keep growing | senaynıy turmasaŋif you don't keep growing | olaynıy turmasaif he doesn't keep growing | bizaynıy turmasaqif we don't keep growing | sizaynıy turmasağızif you all don't keep growing | alaaynıy turmasalaif they don't keep growing |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menaynıy tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of growing | senaynıy tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of growing | olaynıy tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of growing | bizaynıy tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of growing | sizaynıy tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of growing | alaaynıy tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of growing |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menaynımay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not growing (emphatic) | senaynımay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not growing (emphatic) | olaynımay tura bolmazhe must keep on not growing (emphatic) | bizaynımay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not growing (emphatic) | sizaynımay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not growing (emphatic) | alaaynımay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not growing (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menaynımay turamaI keep on not growing | senaynımay turasayou keep on not growing | olaynımay turadıhe keeps on not growing | bizaynımay turabızwe keep on not growing | sizaynımay turasızyou all keep on not growing | alaaynımay turadılathey keep on not growing |
| Progressive — double negation | menaynımay turmaymaI am not keeping on not growing | senaynımay turmaysayou are not keeping on not growing | olaynımay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not growing | bizaynımay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not growing | sizaynımay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not growing | alaaynımay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not growing |
| Progressive — double negation | menaynımay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not growing? | senaynımay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not growing? | olaynımay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not growing? | bizaynımay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not growing? | sizaynımay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not growing? | alaaynımay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not growing? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menaynığan bolmazmaI can't have grown | senaynığan bolmazsayou can't have grown | olaynığan bolmazhe can't have grown | bizaynığan bolmazbızwe can't have grown | sizaynığan bolmazsızyou all can't have grown | alaaynığan bolmazlathey can't have grown |
| Inference — double negation | menaynımağan bolmazmaI must have grown (emphatic) | senaynımağan bolmazsayou must have grown (emphatic) | olaynımağan bolmazhe must have grown (emphatic) | bizaynımağan bolmazbızwe must have grown (emphatic) | sizaynımağan bolmazsızyou all must have grown (emphatic) | alaaynımağan bolmazlathey must have grown (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menaynığan bolmasamif it weren't that I had grown | senaynığan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had grown | olaynığan bolmasaif it weren't that he had grown | bizaynığan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had grown | sizaynığan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had grown | alaaynığan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had grown |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menaynımağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't grown | senaynımağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't grown | olaynımağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't grown | bizaynımağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't grown | sizaynımağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't grown | alaaynımağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't grown |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menaynırıq bolmazmaI can't be going to grow | senaynırıq bolmazsayou can't be going to grow | olaynırıq bolmazhe can't be going to grow | bizaynırıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to grow | sizaynırıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to grow | alaaynırıq bolmazlathey can't be going to grow |
| Inference, future — double negation | menaynımazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to grow (emphatic) | senaynımazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to grow (emphatic) | olaynımazlıq bolmazhe must be going to grow (emphatic) | bizaynımazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to grow (emphatic) | sizaynımazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to grow (emphatic) | alaaynımazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to grow (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menaynırıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to grow | senaynırıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to grow | olaynırıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to grow | bizaynırıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to grow | sizaynırıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to grow | alaaynırıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to grow |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menaynımazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to grow | senaynımazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to grow | olaynımazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to grow | bizaynımazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to grow | sizaynımazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to grow | alaaynımazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to grow |