ötdürürge
/øtdyryrɡe/
1. take across, lead across, carry across
- jaşçıqnı suwdan ötdür — take the little boy across the river
- anı suwdan ötdürdük — we took him across the river
- soqurnu joldan ötdürdüm — I led the blind person across the street
- sabiyleni suwnu arı janına ötdürdük — we took the children across to the other side of the river
- soqurnu joldan ötdürürge — to lead the blind person across the street
- suwdan ötdürürge — to take someone across the river
- arı janına ötdürürge — to take someone to the other side
- arı janına ötdür — take it to the other side
- parom bla ötdürürge — to take across by ferry
2. spend time, pass the time
- zamannı igi ötdürdük — we spent the time well
- jaynı elde ötdürdüm — I spent the summer in the village
- künnü işde ötdürdü — he spent the day at work
- zamannı igi ötdürürge — to spend the time well
- künün qalay ötdürürge bilmey — not knowing how to spend his day
3. lead past, take past — The person or place that is passed takes the ablative. one source
- anı itden ötdürdüm — I led him past the dog
- malnı elden ötdürdüle — they drove the cattle past the village
- meni üyden ötdürüb ketdi — he took me on past the house
- itden ötdürürge — to lead someone past the dog
4. hand over, transfer (a job, post or property)
- ol tükenni menŋe ötdürdü — he handed the shop over to me
- üyün jaşına ötdürdü — he transferred his house to his son
5. conduct, let through — Used of a material that lets electricity, heat or water through.
- bu zat suwnu ötdürmeydi — this thing does not let water through
- ötdürgen zat — something that conducts
- ötdürmegen zat — something that does not conduct
6. anger, irritate one source
- ol meni ötdürdü — he made me angry
- bu sözle meni ötdüredile — these words make me angry
- alay aytma, ötdürese — do not say that; you will make him angry
- burnuna ötdürürge — to hurt someone's feelings
Expressions
- törge ötdürürge — seat in honor
Conjugation
Common forms
- ötdüredihe is taking across
- ötdürdühe took across
- ötdürgendihe has taken across
- ötdürürhe will take across
- ötdürlükdühe is going to take across
- ötdüre edihe was taking across
- ötdürseif he takes across
- ötdür!take across!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menötdüremeI am taking across | senötdüreseyou are taking across | olötdüredihe is taking across | bizötdürebizwe are taking across | sizötdüresizyou all are taking across | alaötdüredilethey are taking across |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menötdürmeymeI am not taking across | senötdürmeyseyou are not taking across | olötdürmeydihe is not taking across | bizötdürmeybizwe are not taking across | sizötdürmeysizyou all are not taking across | alaötdürmeydilethey are not taking across |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menötdürememi? ötdüremime?am I taking across? | senötdüremise?are you taking across? | olötdüremidi?is he taking across? | bizötdürebizmi? ötdüremibiz?are we taking across? | sizötdüremisiz?are you all taking across? | alaötdüremidile?are they taking across? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menötdürmeymemi? ötdürmeymime?aren't I taking across? | senötdürmeymise?aren't you taking across? | olötdürmeymidi?isn't he taking across? | bizötdürmeybizmi? ötdürmeymibiz?aren't we taking across? | sizötdürmeymisiz?aren't you all taking across? | alaötdürmeymidile?aren't they taking across? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menötdürüwçenmeI usually take across | senötdürüwçenseyou usually take across | olötdürüwçendihe usually takes across | bizötdürüwçenbizwe usually take across | sizötdürüwçensizyou all usually take across | alaötdürüwçendilethey usually take across |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menötdürmewçenmeI usually don't take across | senötdürmewçenseyou usually don't take across | olötdürmewçendihe usually doesn't take across | bizötdürmewçenbizwe usually don't take across | sizötdürmewçensizyou all usually don't take across | alaötdürmewçendilethey usually don't take across |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menötdürüwçenmemi? ötdürüwçenmime?do I usually take across? | senötdürüwçenmise?do you usually take across? | olötdürüwçenmidi?does he usually take across? | bizötdürüwçenbizmi? ötdürüwçenmibiz?do we usually take across? | sizötdürüwçenmisiz?do you all usually take across? | alaötdürüwçenmidile?do they usually take across? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menötdürmewçenmemi? ötdürmewçenmime?do I usually not take across? | senötdürmewçenmise?do you usually not take across? | olötdürmewçenmidi?does he usually not take across? | bizötdürmewçenbizmi? ötdürmewçenmibiz?do we usually not take across? | sizötdürmewçenmisiz?do you all usually not take across? | alaötdürmewçenmidile?do they usually not take across? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olötdürübdühe has taken across and remains so | alaötdürübdülethey have taken across and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olötdürübmüdü?has he taken across? | alaötdürübmüdüle?have they taken across? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menötdürüb turamaI keep taking across | senötdürüb turasayou keep taking across | olötdürüb turadıhe keeps taking across | bizötdürüb turabızwe keep taking across | sizötdürüb turasızyou all keep taking across | alaötdürüb turadılathey keep taking across |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menötdürüb turmaymaI don't keep taking across | senötdürüb turmaysayou don't keep taking across | olötdürüb turmaydıhe doesn't keep taking across | bizötdürüb turmaybızwe don't keep taking across | sizötdürüb turmaysızyou all don't keep taking across | alaötdürüb turmaydılathey don't keep taking across |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menötdürüb turamamı? ötdürüb turamıma?do I keep taking across? | senötdürüb turamısa?do you keep taking across? | olötdürüb turamıdı?does he keep taking across? | bizötdürüb turabızmı? ötdürüb turamıbız?do we keep taking across? | sizötdürüb turamısız?do you all keep taking across? | alaötdürüb turamıdıla?do they keep taking across? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menötdürüb turmaymamı? ötdürüb turmaymıma?don't I keep taking across? | senötdürüb turmaymısa?don't you keep taking across? | olötdürüb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep taking across? | bizötdürüb turmaybızmı? ötdürüb turmaymıbız?don't we keep taking across? | sizötdürüb turmaymısız?don't you all keep taking across? | alaötdürüb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep taking across? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menötdüre turamaI am in the middle of taking across | senötdüre turasayou are in the middle of taking across | olötdüre turadıhe is in the middle of taking across | bizötdüre turabızwe are in the middle of taking across | sizötdüre turasızyou all are in the middle of taking across | alaötdüre turadılathey are in the middle of taking across |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menötdüre turmaymaI am not in the middle of taking across | senötdüre turmaysayou are not in the middle of taking across | olötdüre turmaydıhe is not in the middle of taking across | bizötdüre turmaybızwe are not in the middle of taking across | sizötdüre turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of taking across | alaötdüre turmaydılathey are not in the middle of taking across |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menötdüre turamamı? ötdüre turamıma?am I in the middle of taking across? | senötdüre turamısa?are you in the middle of taking across? | olötdüre turamıdı?is he in the middle of taking across? | bizötdüre turabızmı? ötdüre turamıbız?are we in the middle of taking across? | sizötdüre turamısız?are you all in the middle of taking across? | alaötdüre turamıdıla?are they in the middle of taking across? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menötdüre turmaymamı? ötdüre turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of taking across? | senötdüre turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of taking across? | olötdüre turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of taking across? | bizötdüre turmaybızmı? ötdüre turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of taking across? | sizötdüre turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of taking across? | alaötdüre turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of taking across? |
| Simple past (definite) | menötdürdümI took across | senötdürdüŋyou took across | olötdürdühe took across | bizötdürdükwe took across | sizötdürdügüzyou all took across | alaötdürdülethey took across |
| Simple past (definite) | menötdürmedimI didn't take across | senötdürmediŋyou didn't take across | olötdürmedihe didn't take across | bizötdürmedikwe didn't take across | sizötdürmedigizyou all didn't take across | alaötdürmedilethey didn't take across |
| Simple past (definite) | menötdürdümmü?did I take across? | senötdürdüŋmü?did you take across? | olötdürdümü?did he take across? | bizötdürdükmü?did we take across? | sizötdürdügüzmü?did you all take across? | alaötdürdülemi?did they take across? |
| Simple past (definite) | menötdürmedimmi?didn't I take across? | senötdürmediŋmi?didn't you take across? | olötdürmedimi?didn't he take across? | bizötdürmedikmi?didn't we take across? | sizötdürmedigizmi?didn't you all take across? | alaötdürmedilemi?didn't they take across? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menötdürgenmeI have taken across | senötdürgenseyou have taken across | olötdürgendihe has taken across | bizötdürgenbizwe have taken across | sizötdürgensizyou all have taken across | alaötdürgendilethey have taken across |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menötdürmegenmeI haven't taken across | senötdürmegenseyou haven't taken across | olötdürmegendihe hasn't taken across | bizötdürmegenbizwe haven't taken across | sizötdürmegensizyou all haven't taken across | alaötdürmegendilethey haven't taken across |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menötdürgenmemi? ötdürgenmime?have I taken across? | senötdürgenmise?have you taken across? | olötdürgenmidi?has he taken across? | bizötdürgenbizmi? ötdürgenmibiz?have we taken across? | sizötdürgenmisiz?have you all taken across? | alaötdürgenmidile?have they taken across? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menötdürmegenmemi? ötdürmegenmime?haven't I taken across? | senötdürmegenmise?haven't you taken across? | olötdürmegenmidi?hasn't he taken across? | bizötdürmegenbizmi? ötdürmegenmibiz?haven't we taken across? | sizötdürmegenmisiz?haven't you all taken across? | alaötdürmegenmidile?haven't they taken across? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menötdürüb turdumI kept taking across | senötdürüb turduŋyou kept taking across | olötdürüb turduhe kept taking across | bizötdürüb turduqwe kept taking across | sizötdürüb turduğuzyou all kept taking across | alaötdürüb turdulathey kept taking across |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menötdürüb turmadımI didn't keep taking across | senötdürüb turmadıŋyou didn't keep taking across | olötdürüb turmadıhe didn't keep taking across | bizötdürüb turmadıqwe didn't keep taking across | sizötdürüb turmadığızyou all didn't keep taking across | alaötdürüb turmadılathey didn't keep taking across |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menötdürürmeI will take across | senötdürürseyou will take across | olötdürürhe will take across | bizötdürürbüzwe will take across | sizötdürürsüzyou all will take across | alaötdürürlethey will take across |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menötdürmezmeI won't take across | senötdürmezseyou won't take across | olötdürmezhe won't take across | bizötdürmezbizwe won't take across | sizötdürmezsizyou all won't take across | alaötdürmezlethey won't take across |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menötdürürmemi? ötdürürmüme?will I take across? | senötdürürmüse?will you take across? | olötdürürmü?will he take across? | bizötdürürbüzmü? ötdürürmübüz?will we take across? | sizötdürürmüsüz?will you all take across? | alaötdürürlemi? ötdürürmüle?will they take across? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menötdürmezmemi? ötdürmezmime?won't I take across? | senötdürmezmise?won't you take across? | olötdürmezmi?won't he take across? | bizötdürmezbizmi? ötdürmezmibiz?won't we take across? | sizötdürmezmisiz?won't you all take across? | alaötdürmezlemi? ötdürmezmile?won't they take across? |
| Definite future (future II) | menötdürlükme1ötdürrükmeI am going to take across | senötdürlükse1ötdürrükseyou are going to take across | olötdürlükdü1ötdürrükdühe is going to take across | bizötdürlükbüz1ötdürrükbüzwe are going to take across | sizötdürlüksüz1ötdürrüksüzyou all are going to take across | alaötdürlükdüle1ötdürrükdülethey are going to take across |
| Definite future (future II) | menötdürlük tülme1ötdürrük tülmeI am not going to take across | senötdürlük tülse1ötdürrük tülseyou are not going to take across | olötdürlük tüldü1ötdürrük tüldühe is not going to take across | bizötdürlük tülbüz1ötdürrük tülbüzwe are not going to take across | sizötdürlük tülsüz1ötdürrük tülsüzyou all are not going to take across | alaötdürlük tüldüle1ötdürrük tüldülethey are not going to take across |
| Definite future (future II) | menötdürlükmemi?1 ötdürlükmüme?ötdürrükmemi?am I going to take across? | senötdürlükmüse?1ötdürrükmüse?are you going to take across? | olötdürlükmüdü?1ötdürrükmüdü?is he going to take across? | bizötdürlükbüzmü?1 ötdürlükmübüz?ötdürrükbüzmü?are we going to take across? | sizötdürlükmüsüz?1ötdürrükmüsüz?are you all going to take across? | alaötdürlükmüdüle?1ötdürrükmüdüle?are they going to take across? |
| Definite future (future II) | menötdürlük tülmüme?1ötdürrük tülmüme?aren't I going to take across? | senötdürlük tülmüse?1ötdürrük tülmüse?aren't you going to take across? | olötdürlük tülmüdü?1ötdürrük tülmüdü?isn't he going to take across? | bizötdürlük tülmübüz?1ötdürrük tülmübüz?aren't we going to take across? | sizötdürlük tülmüsüz?1ötdürrük tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to take across? | alaötdürlük tülmüdüle?1ötdürrük tülmüdüle?aren't they going to take across? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Definite future (future II)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so ötdürrükdü
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menötdürgen edimötdürgenemI had taken across | senötdürgen ediŋötdürgeneŋyou had taken across | olötdürgen ediötdürgenedhe had taken across | bizötdürgen edikötdürgenekwe had taken across | sizötdürgen edigizötdürgenegizyou all had taken across | alaötdürgen edileötdürgenellethey had taken across |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menötdürmegen edimötdürmegenemI hadn't taken across | senötdürmegen ediŋötdürmegeneŋyou hadn't taken across | olötdürmegen ediötdürmegenedhe hadn't taken across | bizötdürmegen edikötdürmegenekwe hadn't taken across | sizötdürmegen edigizötdürmegenegizyou all hadn't taken across | alaötdürmegen edileötdürmegenellethey hadn't taken across |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menötdüre edimötdüremI was taking across | senötdüre ediŋötdüreŋyou were taking across | olötdüre ediötdüredhe was taking across | bizötdüre edikötdürekwe were taking across | sizötdüre edigizötdüregizyou all were taking across | alaötdüre edileötdürellethey were taking across |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menötdürmey edimötdürmeyemI wasn't taking across | senötdürmey ediŋötdürmeyeŋyou weren't taking across | olötdürmey ediötdürmeyedhe wasn't taking across | bizötdürmey edikötdürmeyekwe weren't taking across | sizötdürmey edigizötdürmeyegizyou all weren't taking across | alaötdürmey edileötdürmeyellethey weren't taking across |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menötdürüwçen edimötdürüwçenemI used to take across | senötdürüwçen ediŋötdürüwçeneŋyou used to take across | olötdürüwçen ediötdürüwçenedhe used to take across | bizötdürüwçen edikötdürüwçenekwe used to take across | sizötdürüwçen edigizötdürüwçenegizyou all used to take across | alaötdürüwçen edileötdürüwçenellethey used to take across |
| Habitual past (used to) | menötdürmewçen edimötdürmewçenemI didn't use to take across | senötdürmewçen ediŋötdürmewçeneŋyou didn't use to take across | olötdürmewçen ediötdürmewçenedhe didn't use to take across | bizötdürmewçen edikötdürmewçenekwe didn't use to take across | sizötdürmewçen edigizötdürmewçenegizyou all didn't use to take across | alaötdürmewçen edileötdürmewçenellethey didn't use to take across |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olötdürüb edihe had taken across and remained so | alaötdürüb edilethey had taken across and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olötdürüb tül edihe hadn't taken across | alaötdürüb tül edilethey hadn't taken across | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menötdürüb tura edimötdürüb turaemI had kept taking across | senötdürüb tura ediŋötdürüb turaeŋyou had kept taking across | olötdürüb tura ediötdürüb turaedhe had kept taking across | bizötdürüb tura edikötdürüb turaekwe had kept taking across | sizötdürüb tura edigizötdürüb turaegizyou all had kept taking across | alaötdürüb tura edileötdürüb turaellethey had kept taking across |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menötdürüb turmay edimötdürüb turmayemI hadn't kept taking across | senötdürüb turmay ediŋötdürüb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept taking across | olötdürüb turmay ediötdürüb turmayedhe hadn't kept taking across | bizötdürüb turmay edikötdürüb turmayekwe hadn't kept taking across | sizötdürüb turmay edigizötdürüb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept taking across | alaötdürüb turmay edileötdürüb turmayellethey hadn't kept taking across |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menötdüre tura edimötdüre turaemI was in the middle of taking across | senötdüre tura ediŋötdüre turaeŋyou were in the middle of taking across | olötdüre tura ediötdüre turaedhe was in the middle of taking across | bizötdüre tura edikötdüre turaekwe were in the middle of taking across | sizötdüre tura edigizötdüre turaegizyou all were in the middle of taking across | alaötdüre tura edileötdüre turaellethey were in the middle of taking across |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menötdüre turmay edimötdüre turmayemI wasn't in the middle of taking across | senötdüre turmay ediŋötdüre turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of taking across | olötdüre turmay ediötdüre turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of taking across | bizötdüre turmay edikötdüre turmayekwe weren't in the middle of taking across | sizötdüre turmay edigizötdüre turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of taking across | alaötdüre turmay edileötdüre turmayellethey weren't in the middle of taking across |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menötdürür edimötdürür emI would take across | senötdürür ediŋötdürür eŋyou would take across | olötdürür ediötdürür edhe would take across | bizötdürür edikötdürür ekwe would take across | sizötdürür edigizötdürür egizyou all would take across | alaötdürür edileötdürür ellethey would take across |
| Conditional result (would) | menötdürmez edimötdürmez emI wouldn't take across | senötdürmez ediŋötdürmez eŋyou wouldn't take across | olötdürmez ediötdürmez edhe wouldn't take across | bizötdürmez edikötdürmez ekwe wouldn't take across | sizötdürmez edigizötdürmez egizyou all wouldn't take across | alaötdürmez edileötdürmez ellethey wouldn't take across |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menötdürlük edim2ötdürlük emötdürrük edimI would have taken across | senötdürlük ediŋ2ötdürlük eŋötdürrük ediŋyou would have taken across | olötdürlük edi2ötdürlük edötdürrük edihe would have taken across | bizötdürlük edik2ötdürlük ekötdürrük edikwe would have taken across | sizötdürlük edigiz2ötdürlük egizötdürrük edigizyou all would have taken across | alaötdürlük edile2ötdürlük elleötdürrük edilethey would have taken across |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menötdürlük tül edim2ötdürlük tül emötdürrük tül edimI wouldn't have taken across | senötdürlük tül ediŋ2ötdürlük tül eŋötdürrük tül ediŋyou wouldn't have taken across | olötdürlük tül edi2ötdürlük tül edötdürrük tül edihe wouldn't have taken across | bizötdürlük tül edik2ötdürlük tül ekötdürrük tül edikwe wouldn't have taken across | sizötdürlük tül edigiz2ötdürlük tül egizötdürrük tül edigizyou all wouldn't have taken across | alaötdürlük tül edile2ötdürlük tül elleötdürrük tül edilethey wouldn't have taken across |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
- Past conditional result (would have)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so ötdürrük edi
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menötdürsemif I take across | senötdürseŋif you take across | olötdürseif he takes across | bizötdürsekif we take across | sizötdürsegizif you all take across | alaötdürseleif they take across |
| Conditional | menötdürmesemif I don't take across | senötdürmeseŋif you don't take across | olötdürmeseif he doesn't take across | bizötdürmesekif we don't take across | sizötdürmesegizif you all don't take across | alaötdürmeseleif they don't take across |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menötdüre esemif I am taking across | senötdüre eseŋif you are taking across | olötdüre eseif he is taking across | bizötdüre esekif we are taking across | sizötdüre esegizif you all are taking across | alaötdüre eseleif they are taking across |
| Conditional, present real | menötdürmey esemif I am not taking across | senötdürmey eseŋif you are not taking across | olötdürmey eseif he is not taking across | bizötdürmey esekif we are not taking across | sizötdürmey esegizif you all are not taking across | alaötdürmey eseleif they are not taking across |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menötdürsem ediötdürsem edif only I took across | senötdürseŋ ediötdürseŋ edif only you took across | olötdürse ediötdürsedif only he took across | bizötdürsek ediötdürsek edif only we took across | sizötdürsegiz ediötdürsegiz edif only you all took across | alaötdürsele ediötdürseledif only they took across |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menötdürmesem ediötdürmesem edif only I didn't take across | senötdürmeseŋ ediötdürmeseŋ edif only you didn't take across | olötdürmese ediötdürmesedif only he didn't take across | bizötdürmesek ediötdürmesek edif only we didn't take across | sizötdürmesegiz ediötdürmesegiz edif only you all didn't take across | alaötdürmesele ediötdürmeseledif only they didn't take across |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menötdürüb tursamif I carry on taking across | senötdürüb tursaŋif you carry on taking across | olötdürüb tursaif he carries on taking across | bizötdürüb tursaqif we carry on taking across | sizötdürüb tursağızif you all carry on taking across | alaötdürüb tursalaif they carry on taking across |
| Durative conditional | menötdürüb turmasamif I don't carry on taking across | senötdürüb turmasaŋif you don't carry on taking across | olötdürüb turmasaif he doesn't carry on taking across | bizötdürüb turmasaqif we don't carry on taking across | sizötdürüb turmasağızif you all don't carry on taking across | alaötdürüb turmasalaif they don't carry on taking across |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menötdürüb tura esemif I have kept taking across | senötdürüb tura eseŋif you have kept taking across | olötdürüb tura eseif he has kept taking across | bizötdürüb tura esekif we have kept taking across | sizötdürüb tura esegizif you all have kept taking across | alaötdürüb tura eseleif they have kept taking across |
| Durative conditional, present real | menötdürüb turmay esemif I haven't kept taking across | senötdürüb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept taking across | olötdürüb turmay eseif he hasn't kept taking across | bizötdürüb turmay esekif we haven't kept taking across | sizötdürüb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept taking across | alaötdürüb turmay eseleif they haven't kept taking across |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menötdüre tursamif I keep taking across | senötdüre tursaŋif you keep taking across | olötdüre tursaif he keeps taking across | bizötdüre tursaqif we keep taking across | sizötdüre tursağızif you all keep taking across | alaötdüre tursalaif they keep taking across |
| Progressive conditional | menötdürmey tursamif I keep on not taking across | senötdürmey tursaŋif you keep on not taking across | olötdürmey tursaif he keeps on not taking across | bizötdürmey tursaqif we keep on not taking across | sizötdürmey tursağızif you all keep on not taking across | alaötdürmey tursalaif they keep on not taking across |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menötdüre tura esemif I am in the middle of taking across | senötdüre tura eseŋif you are in the middle of taking across | olötdüre tura eseif he is in the middle of taking across | bizötdüre tura esekif we are in the middle of taking across | sizötdüre tura esegizif you all are in the middle of taking across | alaötdüre tura eseleif they are in the middle of taking across |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menötdürmey tura esemif I keep on not taking across | senötdürmey tura eseŋif you keep on not taking across | olötdürmey tura eseif he keeps on not taking across | bizötdürmey tura esekif we keep on not taking across | sizötdürmey tura esegizif you all keep on not taking across | alaötdürmey tura eseleif they keep on not taking across |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past3 | menötdürdüm esemif I took across | senötdürdüŋ eseŋif you took across | olötdürdü eseif he took across | bizötdürdük esekif we took across | sizötdürdügüz esegizif you all took across | alaötdürdüle eseleif they took across |
| Conditional, definite past3 | menötdürmedim esemif I didn't take across | senötdürmediŋ eseŋif you didn't take across | olötdürmedi eseif he didn't take across | bizötdürmedik esekif we didn't take across | sizötdürmedigiz esegizif you all didn't take across | alaötdürmedile eseleif they didn't take across |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menötdürgen esemif I did take across (indeed) | senötdürgen eseŋif you did take across (indeed) | olötdürgen eseif he did take across (indeed) | bizötdürgen esekif we did take across (indeed) | sizötdürgen esegizif you all did take across (indeed) | alaötdürgen eseleif they did take across (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menötdürmegen esemif I didn't take across (indeed) | senötdürmegen eseŋif you didn't take across (indeed) | olötdürmegen eseif he didn't take across (indeed) | bizötdürmegen esekif we didn't take across (indeed) | sizötdürmegen esegizif you all didn't take across (indeed) | alaötdürmegen eseleif they didn't take across (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menötdürgen bolsamif I had taken across | senötdürgen bolsaŋif you had taken across | olötdürgen bolsaif he had taken across | bizötdürgen bolsaqif we had taken across | sizötdürgen bolsağızif you all had taken across | alaötdürgen bolsalaif they had taken across |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menötdürmegen bolsamif I hadn't taken across | senötdürmegen bolsaŋif you hadn't taken across | olötdürmegen bolsaif he hadn't taken across | bizötdürmegen bolsaqif we hadn't taken across | sizötdürmegen bolsağızif you all hadn't taken across | alaötdürmegen bolsalaif they hadn't taken across |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menötdürgen bolsam ediötdürgen bolsam edif only I had taken across | senötdürgen bolsaŋ ediötdürgen bolsaŋ edif only you had taken across | olötdürgen bolsa ediötdürgen bolsaedif only he had taken across | bizötdürgen bolsaq ediötdürgen bolsaq edif only we had taken across | sizötdürgen bolsağız ediötdürgen bolsağız edif only you all had taken across | alaötdürgen bolsala ediötdürgen bolsalaedif only they had taken across |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menötdürmegen bolsam ediötdürmegen bolsam edif only I hadn't taken across | senötdürmegen bolsaŋ ediötdürmegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't taken across | olötdürmegen bolsa ediötdürmegen bolsaedif only he hadn't taken across | bizötdürmegen bolsaq ediötdürmegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't taken across | sizötdürmegen bolsağız ediötdürmegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't taken across | alaötdürmegen bolsala ediötdürmegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't taken across |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menötdürür esemif I will take across | senötdürür eseŋif you will take across | olötdürür eseif he will take across | bizötdürür esekif we will take across | sizötdürür esegizif you all will take across | alaötdürür eseleif they will take across |
| Conditional, aorist | menötdürmez esemif I won't take across | senötdürmez eseŋif you won't take across | olötdürmez eseif he won't take across | bizötdürmez esekif we won't take across | sizötdürmez esegizif you all won't take across | alaötdürmez eseleif they won't take across |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menötdürlük esem4ötdürrük esemif I am going to take across | senötdürlük eseŋ4ötdürrük eseŋif you are going to take across | olötdürlük ese4ötdürrük eseif he is going to take across | bizötdürlük esek4ötdürrük esekif we are going to take across | sizötdürlük esegiz4ötdürrük esegizif you all are going to take across | alaötdürlük esele4ötdürrük eseleif they are going to take across |
| Conditional, future | menötdürlük tül esem4ötdürrük tül esemif I am not going to take across | senötdürlük tül eseŋ4ötdürrük tül eseŋif you are not going to take across | olötdürlük tül ese4ötdürrük tül eseif he is not going to take across | bizötdürlük tül esek4ötdürrük tül esekif we are not going to take across | sizötdürlük tül esegiz4ötdürrük tül esegizif you all are not going to take across | alaötdürlük tül esele4ötdürrük tül eseleif they are not going to take across |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menötdürlük bolsam5ötdürrük bolsamif I were going to take across | senötdürlük bolsaŋ5ötdürrük bolsaŋif you were going to take across | olötdürlük bolsa5ötdürrük bolsaif he were going to take across | bizötdürlük bolsaq5ötdürrük bolsaqif we were going to take across | sizötdürlük bolsağız5ötdürrük bolsağızif you all were going to take across | alaötdürlük bolsala5ötdürrük bolsalaif they were going to take across |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menötdürmezlik bolsamif I were not going to take across | senötdürmezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to take across | olötdürmezlik bolsaif he were not going to take across | bizötdürmezlik bolsaqif we were not going to take across | sizötdürmezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to take across | alaötdürmezlik bolsalaif they were not going to take across |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso ötdürdüŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
- Conditional, futurespoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so ötdürrük ese
- Conditional, counterfactual futurespoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so ötdürrük bolsa
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menötdüre bolurmaI must be taking across | senötdüre bolursayou must be taking across | olötdüre bolurhe must be taking across | bizötdüre bolurbuzwe must be taking across | sizötdüre bolursuzyou all must be taking across | alaötdüre bolurlathey must be taking across |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menötdürmey bolurmaI must not be taking across | senötdürmey bolursayou must not be taking across | olötdürmey bolurhe must not be taking across | bizötdürmey bolurbuzwe must not be taking across | sizötdürmey bolursuzyou all must not be taking across | alaötdürmey bolurlathey must not be taking across |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menötdüre tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of taking across | senötdüre tura bolursayou must be in the middle of taking across | olötdüre tura bolurhe must be in the middle of taking across | bizötdüre tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of taking across | sizötdüre tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of taking across | alaötdüre tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of taking across |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menötdürmey tura bolurmaI must keep on not taking across | senötdürmey tura bolursayou must keep on not taking across | olötdürmey tura bolurhe must keep on not taking across | bizötdürmey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not taking across | sizötdürmey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not taking across | alaötdürmey tura bolurlathey must keep on not taking across |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menötdürgen bolurmaI must have taken across | senötdürgen bolursayou must have taken across | olötdürgen bolurhe must have taken across | bizötdürgen bolurbuzwe must have taken across | sizötdürgen bolursuzyou all must have taken across | alaötdürgen bolurlathey must have taken across |
| Inference (must have) | menötdürmegen bolurmaI must not have taken across | senötdürmegen bolursayou must not have taken across | olötdürmegen bolurhe must not have taken across | bizötdürmegen bolurbuzwe must not have taken across | sizötdürmegen bolursuzyou all must not have taken across | alaötdürmegen bolurlathey must not have taken across |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menötdürlük bolurma6ötdürrük bolurmaI must be going to take across | senötdürlük bolursa6ötdürrük bolursayou must be going to take across | olötdürlük bolur6ötdürrük bolurhe must be going to take across | bizötdürlük bolurbuz6ötdürrük bolurbuzwe must be going to take across | sizötdürlük bolursuz6ötdürrük bolursuzyou all must be going to take across | alaötdürlük bolurla6ötdürrük bolurlathey must be going to take across |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menötdürmezlik bolurmaI must not be going to take across | senötdürmezlik bolursayou must not be going to take across | olötdürmezlik bolurhe must not be going to take across | bizötdürmezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to take across | sizötdürmezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to take across | alaötdürmezlik bolurlathey must not be going to take across |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Inference, future (must be going to)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so ötdürrük bolur
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menötdüreyimlet me take across | senötdür!take across! | olötdürsünlet him take across | bizötdüreyiklet's take across | sizötdürügüz!take across, you all! | alaötdürsünlelet them take across |
| Commands & suggestions | menötdürmeyimlet me not take across | senötdürme!don't take across! | olötdürmesinlet him not take across | bizötdürmeyiklet's not take across | sizötdürmegiz!don't take across, you all! | alaötdürmesinlelet them not take across |
| Commands & suggestions | menötdüreyimmi?shall I take across? | olötdürsünmü?should he take across? | bizötdüreyikmi?shall we take across? | alaötdürsünlemi?should they take across? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menötdürmeyimmi?shall I not take across? | olötdürmesinmi?should he not take across? | bizötdürmeyikmi?shall we not take across? | alaötdürmesinlemi?should they not take across? | ||
| Requests | senötdürçü7ötdürçünplease take across | olötdürsünçüdo let him take across | sizötdürçügüzplease take across (plural/polite) | alaötdürsünleçido let them take across | ||
| Requests | senötdürmeçi7ötdürmeçinplease don't take across | olötdürmesinçido let him not take across | sizötdürmeçigizplease don't take across (plural/polite) | alaötdürmesinleçido let them not take across | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senötdürgünötdürgümay you take across | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senötdürmeginötdürmegimay you not take across | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menötdürgey edim ötdürge edimwould that I took across | senötdürgey ediŋ ötdürge ediŋwould that you took across | olötdürgey edi ötdürge ediwould that he took across | bizötdürgey edik ötdürge edikwould that we took across | sizötdürgey edigiz ötdürge edigizwould that you all took across | alaötdürgey edile ötdürge edilewould that they took across |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menötdürmegey edim ötdürmege edimwould that I did not take across | senötdürmegey ediŋ ötdürmege ediŋwould that you did not take across | olötdürmegey edi ötdürmege ediwould that he did not take across | bizötdürmegey edik ötdürmege edikwould that we did not take across | sizötdürmegey edigiz ötdürmege edigizwould that you all did not take across | alaötdürmegey edile ötdürmege edilewould that they did not take across |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menötdürmege qoyayımötdürme qoyayımlet me allow someone to take across | senötdürmege qoy!ötdürme qoy!let someone take across! | olötdürmege qoysunötdürme qoysunlet him allow someone to take across | bizötdürmege qoyayıqötdürme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to take across | sizötdürmege qoyuğuz!ötdürme qoyuğuz!let someone take across, you all! | alaötdürmege qoysunlaötdürme qoysunlalet them allow someone to take across |
| Let someone… (commands) | menötdürmege qoymayımötdürme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to take across | senötdürmege qoyma!ötdürme qoyma!don't let someone take across! | olötdürmege qoymasınötdürme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to take across | bizötdürmege qoymayıqötdürme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to take across | sizötdürmege qoymağız!ötdürme qoymağız!don't let someone take across, you all! | alaötdürmege qoymasınlaötdürme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to take across |
| Let someone… (commands) | menötdürmege qoyayımmı?ötdürme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to take across? | olötdürmege qoysunmu?ötdürme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to take across? | bizötdürmege qoyayıqmı?ötdürme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to take across? | alaötdürmege qoysunlamı?ötdürme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to take across? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menötdürmege qoymayımmı?ötdürme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to take across? | olötdürmege qoymasınmı?ötdürme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to take across? | bizötdürmege qoymayıqmı?ötdürme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to take across? | alaötdürmege qoymasınlamı?ötdürme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to take across? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menötdürmege qoyamaötdürme qoyamaI allow someone to take across | senötdürmege qoyasaötdürme qoyasayou allow someone to take across | olötdürmege qoyadıötdürme qoyadıhe allows someone to take across | bizötdürmege qoyabızötdürme qoyabızwe allow someone to take across | sizötdürmege qoyasızötdürme qoyasızyou all allow someone to take across | alaötdürmege qoyadılaötdürme qoyadılathey allow someone to take across |
| Let someone… (present) | menötdürmege qoymaymaötdürme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to take across | senötdürmege qoymaysaötdürme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to take across | olötdürmege qoymaydıötdürme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to take across | bizötdürmege qoymaybızötdürme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to take across | sizötdürmege qoymaysızötdürme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to take across | alaötdürmege qoymaydılaötdürme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to take across |
| Let someone… (present) | menötdürmege qoyamamı?ötdürme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to take across? | senötdürmege qoyamısa?ötdürme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to take across? | olötdürmege qoyamıdı?ötdürme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to take across? | bizötdürmege qoyabızmı?ötdürme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to take across? | sizötdürmege qoyamısız?ötdürme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to take across? | alaötdürmege qoyamıdıla?ötdürme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to take across? |
| Let someone… (present) | menötdürmege qoymaymamı?ötdürme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to take across? | senötdürmege qoymaymısa?ötdürme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to take across? | olötdürmege qoymaymıdı?ötdürme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to take across? | bizötdürmege qoymaybızmı?ötdürme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to take across? | sizötdürmege qoymaymısız?ötdürme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to take across? | alaötdürmege qoymaymıdıla?ötdürme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to take across? |
| Let someone… (past) | menötdürmege qoydumötdürme qoydumI allowed someone to take across | senötdürmege qoyduŋötdürme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to take across | olötdürmege qoyduötdürme qoyduhe allowed someone to take across | bizötdürmege qoyduqötdürme qoyduqwe allowed someone to take across | sizötdürmege qoyduğuzötdürme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to take across | alaötdürmege qoydulaötdürme qoydulathey allowed someone to take across |
| Let someone… (past) | menötdürmege qoymadımötdürme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to take across | senötdürmege qoymadıŋötdürme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to take across | olötdürmege qoymadıötdürme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to take across | bizötdürmege qoymadıqötdürme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to take across | sizötdürmege qoymadığızötdürme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to take across | alaötdürmege qoymadılaötdürme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to take across |
| Let someone… (past) | menötdürmege qoydummu?ötdürme qoydummu?did I allow someone to take across? | senötdürmege qoyduŋmu?ötdürme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to take across? | olötdürmege qoydumu?ötdürme qoydumu?did he allow someone to take across? | bizötdürmege qoyduqmu?ötdürme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to take across? | sizötdürmege qoyduğuzmu?ötdürme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to take across? | alaötdürmege qoydulamı?ötdürme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to take across? |
| Let someone… (past) | menötdürmege qoymadımmı?ötdürme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to take across? | senötdürmege qoymadıŋmı?ötdürme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to take across? | olötdürmege qoymadımı?ötdürme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to take across? | bizötdürmege qoymadıqmı?ötdürme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to take across? | sizötdürmege qoymadığızmı?ötdürme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to take across? | alaötdürmege qoymadılamı?ötdürme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to take across? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
ötdüralırğa be able to take across · ötdüralmazğa be unable to take across
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menötdüralamaI can take across | senötdüralasayou can take across | olötdüraladıhe can take across | bizötdüralabızwe can take across | sizötdüralasızyou all can take across | alaötdüraladılathey can take across |
| Ability — present | menötdüralmaymaI can't take across | senötdüralmaysayou can't take across | olötdüralmaydıhe can't take across | bizötdüralmaybızwe can't take across | sizötdüralmaysızyou all can't take across | alaötdüralmaydılathey can't take across |
| Ability — present | menötdüralamamı? ötdüralamıma?can I take across? | senötdüralamısa?can you take across? | olötdüralamıdı?can he take across? | bizötdüralabızmı? ötdüralamıbız?can we take across? | sizötdüralamısız?can you all take across? | alaötdüralamıdıla?can they take across? |
| Ability — present | menötdüralmaymamı? ötdüralmaymıma?can't I take across? | senötdüralmaymısa?can't you take across? | olötdüralmaymıdı?can't he take across? | bizötdüralmaybızmı? ötdüralmaymıbız?can't we take across? | sizötdüralmaymısız?can't you all take across? | alaötdüralmaymıdıla?can't they take across? |
| Ability — if I can… | menötdüralsamif I can take across | senötdüralsaŋif you can take across | olötdüralsaif he can take across | bizötdüralsaqif we can take across | sizötdüralsağızif you all can take across | alaötdüralsalaif they can take across |
| Ability — if I can… | menötdüralmasamif I can't take across | senötdüralmasaŋif you can't take across | olötdüralmasaif he can't take across | bizötdüralmasaqif we can't take across | sizötdüralmasağızif you all can't take across | alaötdüralmasalaif they can't take across |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menötdüraldımI was able to take across | senötdüraldıŋyou were able to take across | olötdüraldıhe was able to take across | bizötdüraldıqwe were able to take across | sizötdüraldığızyou all were able to take across | alaötdüraldılathey were able to take across |
| Ability — simple past | menötdüralmadımI could not take across | senötdüralmadıŋyou could not take across | olötdüralmadıhe could not take across | bizötdüralmadıqwe could not take across | sizötdüralmadığızyou all could not take across | alaötdüralmadılathey could not take across |
| Ability — simple past | menötdüraldımmı?was I able to take across? | senötdüraldıŋmı?were you able to take across? | olötdüraldımı?was he able to take across? | bizötdüraldıqmı?were we able to take across? | sizötdüraldığızmı?were you all able to take across? | alaötdüraldılamı?were they able to take across? |
| Ability — simple past | menötdüralmadımmı?couldn't I take across? | senötdüralmadıŋmı?couldn't you take across? | olötdüralmadımı?couldn't he take across? | bizötdüralmadıqmı?couldn't we take across? | sizötdüralmadığızmı?couldn't you all take across? | alaötdüralmadılamı?couldn't they take across? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menötdüralğanmaI have been able to take across | senötdüralğansayou have been able to take across | olötdüralğandıhe has been able to take across | bizötdüralğanbızwe have been able to take across | sizötdüralğansızyou all have been able to take across | alaötdüralğandılathey have been able to take across |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menötdüralmağanmaI haven't been able to take across | senötdüralmağansayou haven't been able to take across | olötdüralmağandıhe hasn't been able to take across | bizötdüralmağanbızwe haven't been able to take across | sizötdüralmağansızyou all haven't been able to take across | alaötdüralmağandılathey haven't been able to take across |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menötdüralğanmamı? ötdüralğanmıma?have I been able to take across? | senötdüralğanmısa?have you been able to take across? | olötdüralğanmıdı?has he been able to take across? | bizötdüralğanbızmı? ötdüralğanmıbız?have we been able to take across? | sizötdüralğanmısız?have you all been able to take across? | alaötdüralğanmıdıla?have they been able to take across? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menötdüralmağanmamı? ötdüralmağanmıma?haven't I been able to take across? | senötdüralmağanmısa?haven't you been able to take across? | olötdüralmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to take across? | bizötdüralmağanbızmı? ötdüralmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to take across? | sizötdüralmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to take across? | alaötdüralmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to take across? |
| Ability — past perfect | menötdüralğan edimötdüralğanemI had been able to take across | senötdüralğan ediŋötdüralğaneŋyou had been able to take across | olötdüralğan ediötdüralğanedhe had been able to take across | bizötdüralğan edikötdüralğanekwe had been able to take across | sizötdüralğan edigizötdüralğanegizyou all had been able to take across | alaötdüralğan edileötdüralğanellethey had been able to take across |
| Ability — past perfect | menötdüralmağan edimötdüralmağanemI hadn't been able to take across | senötdüralmağan ediŋötdüralmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to take across | olötdüralmağan ediötdüralmağanedhe hadn't been able to take across | bizötdüralmağan edikötdüralmağanekwe hadn't been able to take across | sizötdüralmağan edigizötdüralmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to take across | alaötdüralmağan edileötdüralmağanellethey hadn't been able to take across |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menötdürala edimötdüralaemI could take across | senötdürala ediŋötdüralaeŋyou could take across | olötdürala ediötdüralaedhe could take across | bizötdürala edikötdüralaekwe could take across | sizötdürala edigizötdüralaegizyou all could take across | alaötdürala edileötdüralaellethey could take across |
| Ability — past background | menötdüralmay edimötdüralmayemI could not take across | senötdüralmay ediŋötdüralmayeŋyou could not take across | olötdüralmay ediötdüralmayedhe could not take across | bizötdüralmay edikötdüralmayekwe could not take across | sizötdüralmay edigizötdüralmayegizyou all could not take across | alaötdüralmay edileötdüralmayellethey could not take across |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menötdüralırmaI will be able to take across | senötdüralırsayou will be able to take across | olötdüralırhe will be able to take across | bizötdüralırbızwe will be able to take across | sizötdüralırsızyou all will be able to take across | alaötdüralırlathey will be able to take across |
| Ability — future I | menötdüralmazmaI won't be able to take across | senötdüralmazsayou won't be able to take across | olötdüralmazhe won't be able to take across | bizötdüralmazbızwe won't be able to take across | sizötdüralmazsızyou all won't be able to take across | alaötdüralmazlathey won't be able to take across |
| Ability — future I | menötdüralırmamı? ötdüralırmıma?will I be able to take across? | senötdüralırmısa?will you be able to take across? | olötdüralırmı?will he be able to take across? | bizötdüralırbızmı? ötdüralırmıbız?will we be able to take across? | sizötdüralırmısız?will you all be able to take across? | alaötdüralırlamı? ötdüralırmıla?will they be able to take across? |
| Ability — future I | menötdüralmazmamı? ötdüralmazmıma?won't I be able to take across? | senötdüralmazmısa?won't you be able to take across? | olötdüralmazmı?won't he be able to take across? | bizötdüralmazbızmı? ötdüralmazmıbız?won't we be able to take across? | sizötdüralmazmısız?won't you all be able to take across? | alaötdüralmazlamı? ötdüralmazmıla?won't they be able to take across? |
| Ability — future II | menötdürallıqmaI am going to be able to take across | senötdürallıqsayou are going to be able to take across | olötdürallıqdıhe is going to be able to take across | bizötdürallıqbızwe are going to be able to take across | sizötdürallıqsızyou all are going to be able to take across | alaötdürallıqdılathey are going to be able to take across |
| Ability — future II | menötdürallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to take across | senötdürallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to take across | olötdürallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to take across | bizötdürallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to take across | sizötdürallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to take across | alaötdürallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to take across |
| Ability — future II | menötdürallıqmamı? ötdürallıqmıma?am I going to be able to take across? | senötdürallıqmısa?are you going to be able to take across? | olötdürallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to take across? | bizötdürallıqbızmı? ötdürallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to take across? | sizötdürallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to take across? | alaötdürallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to take across? |
| Ability — future II | menötdürallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to take across? | senötdürallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to take across? | olötdürallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to take across? | bizötdürallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to take across? | sizötdürallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to take across? | alaötdürallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to take across? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menötdüralır edimötdüralır emI would be able to take across | senötdüralır ediŋötdüralır eŋyou would be able to take across | olötdüralır ediötdüralır edhe would be able to take across | bizötdüralır edikötdüralır ekwe would be able to take across | sizötdüralır edigizötdüralır egizyou all would be able to take across | alaötdüralır edileötdüralır ellethey would be able to take across |
| Ability — would be able to… | menötdüralmaz edimötdüralmaz emI wouldn't be able to take across | senötdüralmaz ediŋötdüralmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to take across | olötdüralmaz ediötdüralmaz edhe wouldn't be able to take across | bizötdüralmaz edikötdüralmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to take across | sizötdüralmaz edigizötdüralmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to take across | alaötdüralmaz edileötdüralmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to take across |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senötdüralğınötdüralğımay you be able to take across | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senötdüralmağınötdüralmağımay you not be able to take across | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menötdürürge izleymeI want to take across | senötdürürge izleyseyou want to take across | olötdürürge izleydihe wants to take across | bizötdürürge izleybizwe want to take across | sizötdürürge izleysizyou all want to take across | alaötdürürge izleydilethey want to take across |
| want to | menötdürürge izlemeymeI do not want to take across | senötdürürge izlemeyseyou do not want to take across | olötdürürge izlemeydihe does not want to take across | bizötdürürge izlemeybizwe do not want to take across | sizötdürürge izlemeysizyou all do not want to take across | alaötdürürge izlemeydilethey do not want to take across |
| would like to | menötdürürge süemeI would like to take across | senötdürürge süeseyou would like to take across | olötdürürge süedihe would like to take across | bizötdürürge süebizwe would like to take across | sizötdürürge süesizyou all would like to take across | alaötdürürge süedilethey would like to take across |
| would like to | menötdürürge süymeymeI would not like to take across | senötdürürge süymeyseyou would not like to take across | olötdürürge süymeydihe would not like to take across | bizötdürürge süymeybizwe would not like to take across | sizötdürürge süymeysizyou all would not like to take across | alaötdürürge süymeydilethey would not like to take across |
| hope to | menötdürürge umutlanamaI hope to take across | senötdürürge umutlanasayou hope to take across | olötdürürge umutlanadıhe hopes to take across | bizötdürürge umutlanabızwe hope to take across | sizötdürürge umutlanasızyou all hope to take across | alaötdürürge umutlanadılathey hope to take across |
| hope to | menötdürürge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to take across | senötdürürge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to take across | olötdürürge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to take across | bizötdürürge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to take across | sizötdürürge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to take across | alaötdürürge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to take across |
| be about to | menötdürürge deb turamaI am about to take across | senötdürürge deb turasayou are about to take across | olötdürürge deb turadıhe is about to take across | bizötdürürge deb turabızwe are about to take across | sizötdürürge deb turasızyou all are about to take across | alaötdürürge deb turadılathey are about to take across |
| be about to | menötdürürge deb turmaymaI am not about to take across | senötdürürge deb turmaysayou are not about to take across | olötdürürge deb turmaydıhe is not about to take across | bizötdürürge deb turmaybızwe are not about to take across | sizötdürürge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to take across | alaötdürürge deb turmaydılathey are not about to take across |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menötdürürge kerekmeI need to take across | senötdürürge kerekseyou need to take across | olötdürürge kerekdihe needs to take across | bizötdürürge kerekbizwe need to take across | sizötdürürge kereksizyou all need to take across | alaötdürürge kerekdilethey need to take across |
| need to | menötdürürge kerek tülmeI do not need to take across | senötdürürge kerek tülseyou do not need to take across | olötdürürge kerek tüldühe does not need to take across | bizötdürürge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to take across | sizötdürürge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to take across | alaötdürürge kerek tüldülethey do not need to take across |
| have to | menmenŋe ötdürürge tüşediI have to take across | sensenŋe ötdürürge tüşediyou have to take across | olaŋa ötdürürge tüşedihe has to take across | bizbizge ötdürürge tüşediwe have to take across | sizsizge ötdürürge tüşediyou all have to take across | alaalağa ötdürürge tüşedithey have to take across |
| have to | menmenŋe ötdürürge tüşmeydiI do not have to take across | sensenŋe ötdürürge tüşmeydiyou do not have to take across | olaŋa ötdürürge tüşmeydihe does not have to take across | bizbizge ötdürürge tüşmeydiwe do not have to take across | sizsizge ötdürürge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to take across | alaalağa ötdürürge tüşmeydithey do not have to take across |
| be obliged to | menötdürürge borçlumaI am obliged to take across | senötdürürge borçlusayou are obliged to take across | olötdürürge borçluduhe is obliged to take across | bizötdürürge borçlubuzwe are obliged to take across | sizötdürürge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to take across | alaötdürürge borçludulathey are obliged to take across |
| be obliged to | menötdürürge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to take across | senötdürürge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to take across | olötdürürge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to take across | bizötdürürge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to take across | sizötdürürge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to take across | alaötdürürge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to take across |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menötdürürge madarım bardıI have a way to take across | senötdürürge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to take across | olötdürürge madarı bardıhe has a way to take across | bizötdürürge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to take across | sizötdürürge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to take across | alaötdürürge madarları bardıthey have a way to take across |
| have a way to | menötdürürge madarım joqduI have no way to take across | senötdürürge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to take across | olötdürürge madarı joqduhe has no way to take across | bizötdürürge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to take across | sizötdürürge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to take across | alaötdürürge madarları joqduthey have no way to take across |
| be free to | menötdürürge erkinligim bardıI am free to take across | senötdürürge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to take across | olötdürürge erkinligi bardıhe is free to take across | bizötdürürge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to take across | sizötdürürge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to take across | alaötdürürge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to take across |
| be free to | menötdürürge erkinligim joqduI am not free to take across | senötdürürge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to take across | olötdürürge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to take across | bizötdürürge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to take across | sizötdürürge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to take across | alaötdürürge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to take across |
| be possible to | menmenŋe ötdürürge bolluqduit is possible for me to take across | sensenŋe ötdürürge bolluqduit is possible for you to take across | olaŋa ötdürürge bolluqduit is possible for him to take across | bizbizge ötdürürge bolluqduit is possible for us to take across | sizsizge ötdürürge bolluqduit is possible for you all to take across | alaalağa ötdürürge bolluqduit is possible for them to take across |
| be possible to | menmenŋe ötdürürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to take across | sensenŋe ötdürürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to take across | olaŋa ötdürürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to take across | bizbizge ötdürürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to take across | sizsizge ötdürürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to take across | alaalağa ötdürürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to take across |
| be ready to | menötdürürge hazırmaI am ready to take across | senötdürürge hazırsayou are ready to take across | olötdürürge hazırdıhe is ready to take across | bizötdürürge hazırbızwe are ready to take across | sizötdürürge hazırsızyou all are ready to take across | alaötdürürge hazırdılathey are ready to take across |
| be ready to | menötdürürge hazır tülmeI am not ready to take across | senötdürürge hazır tülseyou are not ready to take across | olötdürürge hazır tüldühe is not ready to take across | bizötdürürge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to take across | sizötdürürge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to take across | alaötdürürge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to take across |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menötdürürge küreşemeI am trying to take across | senötdürürge küreşeseyou are trying to take across | olötdürürge küreşedihe is trying to take across | bizötdürürge küreşebizwe are trying to take across | sizötdürürge küreşesizyou all are trying to take across | alaötdürürge küreşedilethey are trying to take across |
| try to | menötdürürge küreşmeymeI am not trying to take across | senötdürürge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to take across | olötdürürge küreşmeydihe is not trying to take across | bizötdürürge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to take across | sizötdürürge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to take across | alaötdürürge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to take across |
| agree to | menötdürürge unaymaI agree to take across | senötdürürge unaysayou agree to take across | olötdürürge unaydıhe agrees to take across | bizötdürürge unaybızwe agree to take across | sizötdürürge unaysızyou all agree to take across | alaötdürürge unaydılathey agree to take across |
| agree to | menötdürürge unamaymaI refuse to take across | senötdürürge unamaysayou refuse to take across | olötdürürge unamaydıhe refuses to take across | bizötdürürge unamaybızwe refuse to take across | sizötdürürge unamaysızyou all refuse to take across | alaötdürürge unamaydılathey refuse to take across |
| hurry to | menötdürürge aşığamaI am in a hurry to take across | senötdürürge aşığasayou are in a hurry to take across | olötdürürge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to take across | bizötdürürge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to take across | sizötdürürge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to take across | alaötdürürge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to take across |
| hurry to | menötdürürge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to take across | senötdürürge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to take across | olötdürürge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to take across | bizötdürürge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to take across | sizötdürürge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to take across | alaötdürürge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to take across |
| be afraid to | menötdürürge qorqamaI am afraid to take across | senötdürürge qorqasayou are afraid to take across | olötdürürge qorqadıhe is afraid to take across | bizötdürürge qorqabızwe are afraid to take across | sizötdürürge qorqasızyou all are afraid to take across | alaötdürürge qorqadılathey are afraid to take across |
| be afraid to | menötdürürge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to take across | senötdürürge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to take across | olötdürürge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to take across | bizötdürürge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to take across | sizötdürürge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to take across | alaötdürürge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to take across |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menötdüre bolmazmaI can't be taking across | senötdüre bolmazsayou can't be taking across | olötdüre bolmazhe can't be taking across | bizötdüre bolmazbızwe can't be taking across | sizötdüre bolmazsızyou all can't be taking across | alaötdüre bolmazlathey can't be taking across |
| Inference, present — double negation | menötdürmey bolmazmaI must be taking across (emphatic) | senötdürmey bolmazsayou must be taking across (emphatic) | olötdürmey bolmazhe must be taking across (emphatic) | bizötdürmey bolmazbızwe must be taking across (emphatic) | sizötdürmey bolmazsızyou all must be taking across (emphatic) | alaötdürmey bolmazlathey must be taking across (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menötdüre turmasamif I don't keep taking across | senötdüre turmasaŋif you don't keep taking across | olötdüre turmasaif he doesn't keep taking across | bizötdüre turmasaqif we don't keep taking across | sizötdüre turmasağızif you all don't keep taking across | alaötdüre turmasalaif they don't keep taking across |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menötdüre tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of taking across | senötdüre tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of taking across | olötdüre tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of taking across | bizötdüre tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of taking across | sizötdüre tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of taking across | alaötdüre tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of taking across |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menötdürmey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not taking across (emphatic) | senötdürmey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not taking across (emphatic) | olötdürmey tura bolmazhe must keep on not taking across (emphatic) | bizötdürmey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not taking across (emphatic) | sizötdürmey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not taking across (emphatic) | alaötdürmey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not taking across (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menötdürmey turamaI keep on not taking across | senötdürmey turasayou keep on not taking across | olötdürmey turadıhe keeps on not taking across | bizötdürmey turabızwe keep on not taking across | sizötdürmey turasızyou all keep on not taking across | alaötdürmey turadılathey keep on not taking across |
| Progressive — double negation | menötdürmey turmaymaI am not keeping on not taking across | senötdürmey turmaysayou are not keeping on not taking across | olötdürmey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not taking across | bizötdürmey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not taking across | sizötdürmey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not taking across | alaötdürmey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not taking across |
| Progressive — double negation | menötdürmey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not taking across? | senötdürmey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not taking across? | olötdürmey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not taking across? | bizötdürmey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not taking across? | sizötdürmey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not taking across? | alaötdürmey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not taking across? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menötdürgen bolmazmaI can't have taken across | senötdürgen bolmazsayou can't have taken across | olötdürgen bolmazhe can't have taken across | bizötdürgen bolmazbızwe can't have taken across | sizötdürgen bolmazsızyou all can't have taken across | alaötdürgen bolmazlathey can't have taken across |
| Inference — double negation | menötdürmegen bolmazmaI must have taken across (emphatic) | senötdürmegen bolmazsayou must have taken across (emphatic) | olötdürmegen bolmazhe must have taken across (emphatic) | bizötdürmegen bolmazbızwe must have taken across (emphatic) | sizötdürmegen bolmazsızyou all must have taken across (emphatic) | alaötdürmegen bolmazlathey must have taken across (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menötdürgen bolmasamif it weren't that I had taken across | senötdürgen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had taken across | olötdürgen bolmasaif it weren't that he had taken across | bizötdürgen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had taken across | sizötdürgen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had taken across | alaötdürgen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had taken across |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menötdürmegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't taken across | senötdürmegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't taken across | olötdürmegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't taken across | bizötdürmegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't taken across | sizötdürmegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't taken across | alaötdürmegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't taken across |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menötdürlük bolmazmaI can't be going to take across | senötdürlük bolmazsayou can't be going to take across | olötdürlük bolmazhe can't be going to take across | bizötdürlük bolmazbızwe can't be going to take across | sizötdürlük bolmazsızyou all can't be going to take across | alaötdürlük bolmazlathey can't be going to take across |
| Inference, future — double negation | menötdürmezlik bolmazmaI must be going to take across (emphatic) | senötdürmezlik bolmazsayou must be going to take across (emphatic) | olötdürmezlik bolmazhe must be going to take across (emphatic) | bizötdürmezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to take across (emphatic) | sizötdürmezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to take across (emphatic) | alaötdürmezlik bolmazlathey must be going to take across (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menötdürlük bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to take across | senötdürlük bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to take across | olötdürlük bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to take across | bizötdürlük bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to take across | sizötdürlük bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to take across | alaötdürlük bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to take across |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menötdürmezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to take across | senötdürmezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to take across | olötdürmezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to take across | bizötdürmezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to take across | sizötdürmezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to take across | alaötdürmezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to take across |