çayqarğa
/tʃajqarʁa/
1. rock, sway, swing, shake (something) back and forth
- bek çayqarğa — to swing it hard
- jel terekni çayqaydı — the wind sways the tree
- sanlarıŋı çayqab jürürge — to walk swaying one's body
- çayqab qımıldatırğa — to shift it by rocking it
2. shake (the head), nod
- başıŋı çayqarğa — to shake one's head
- jaş başın çayqadı — the boy shook his head
- başın çayqab turadı — he keeps shaking his head
- başın çayqadı — he shook his head
3. rinse, rinse out; launder, wash (clothes)
- kiyim çayqarğa — to wash clothes
- bıstırlanı çayqa — wash the clothes
- eski çayqab alırğa — to rinse the linen out
- kirin çayqarğa — to wash out the dirty spot
- çayqab eşikge jayarğa — to wash it and hang it outside
4. wash, rinse off (dishes, hands, fruit); rinse (the mouth)
- qollarımı çayqab, aşarğa olturdum — having washed my hands, I sat down to eat
- awuzuŋu çayqa — rinse your mouth
- sawutlanı çayqarğa — to rinse the dishes
- kögetleni issi suw bla çayqarğa — to rinse the fruit with hot water
- için çayqarğa — to rinse it out inside
5. churn, whisk, beat, shake up (a liquid)
- jaw çayqarğa — to churn butter
- urğuç bla jaw çayqarğa — to churn butter with a dasher
- ayrannı çayqab sıydam eterge — to whisk the ayran smooth
- gakkını çayqab körürge — to try beating the egg
6. wave, flutter, make billow; stir up into waves
- jel bayraqlanı çayqaydı — the wind sets the banners streaming
- boran teŋizni çayqaydı — the storm whips up the sea
- jel budaynı çayqaydı — the wind ripples the wheat
- bayraqnı çayqarğa — to wave the banner
7. jolt, toss about (in a vehicle); make travel-sick
- arba içibizni çayqağandı — the cart has turned our stomachs
- arba başımı çayqağandı — the cart made me travel-sick
- bizni da çayqab tebredi — it began to jolt us too
- arba bizni çayqadı — the cart jolted us about
8. extract (honey) with an extractor one source
- bal çayqarğa — to extract honey
- bal çayqaybız — we are extracting honey
Conjugation
Common forms
- çayqaydıhe is rocking
- çayqadıhe rocked
- çayqağandıhe has rocked
- çayqarhe will rock
- çayqarıqdıhe is going to rock
- çayqay edihe was rocking
- çayqasaif he rocks
- çayqa!rock!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | mençayqaymaI am rocking | sençayqaysayou are rocking | olçayqaydıhe is rocking | bizçayqaybızwe are rocking | sizçayqaysızyou all are rocking | alaçayqaydılathey are rocking |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mençayqamaymaI am not rocking | sençayqamaysayou are not rocking | olçayqamaydıhe is not rocking | bizçayqamaybızwe are not rocking | sizçayqamaysızyou all are not rocking | alaçayqamaydılathey are not rocking |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mençayqaymamı? çayqaymıma?am I rocking? | sençayqaymısa?are you rocking? | olçayqaymıdı?is he rocking? | bizçayqaybızmı? çayqaymıbız?are we rocking? | sizçayqaymısız?are you all rocking? | alaçayqaymıdıla?are they rocking? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mençayqamaymamı? çayqamaymıma?aren't I rocking? | sençayqamaymısa?aren't you rocking? | olçayqamaymıdı?isn't he rocking? | bizçayqamaybızmı? çayqamaymıbız?aren't we rocking? | sizçayqamaymısız?aren't you all rocking? | alaçayqamaymıdıla?aren't they rocking? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mençayqawçanmaI usually rock | sençayqawçansayou usually rock | olçayqawçandıhe usually rocks | bizçayqawçanbızwe usually rock | sizçayqawçansızyou all usually rock | alaçayqawçandılathey usually rock |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mençayqamawçanmaI usually don't rock | sençayqamawçansayou usually don't rock | olçayqamawçandıhe usually doesn't rock | bizçayqamawçanbızwe usually don't rock | sizçayqamawçansızyou all usually don't rock | alaçayqamawçandılathey usually don't rock |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mençayqawçanmamı? çayqawçanmıma?do I usually rock? | sençayqawçanmısa?do you usually rock? | olçayqawçanmıdı?does he usually rock? | bizçayqawçanbızmı? çayqawçanmıbız?do we usually rock? | sizçayqawçanmısız?do you all usually rock? | alaçayqawçanmıdıla?do they usually rock? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mençayqamawçanmamı? çayqamawçanmıma?do I usually not rock? | sençayqamawçanmısa?do you usually not rock? | olçayqamawçanmıdı?does he usually not rock? | bizçayqamawçanbızmı? çayqamawçanmıbız?do we usually not rock? | sizçayqamawçanmısız?do you all usually not rock? | alaçayqamawçanmıdıla?do they usually not rock? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olçayqabdıhe has rocked and remains so | alaçayqabdılathey have rocked and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olçayqabmıdı?has he rocked? | alaçayqabmıdıla?have they rocked? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | mençayqab turamaI keep rocking | sençayqab turasayou keep rocking | olçayqab turadıhe keeps rocking | bizçayqab turabızwe keep rocking | sizçayqab turasızyou all keep rocking | alaçayqab turadılathey keep rocking |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mençayqab turmaymaI don't keep rocking | sençayqab turmaysayou don't keep rocking | olçayqab turmaydıhe doesn't keep rocking | bizçayqab turmaybızwe don't keep rocking | sizçayqab turmaysızyou all don't keep rocking | alaçayqab turmaydılathey don't keep rocking |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mençayqab turamamı? çayqab turamıma?do I keep rocking? | sençayqab turamısa?do you keep rocking? | olçayqab turamıdı?does he keep rocking? | bizçayqab turabızmı? çayqab turamıbız?do we keep rocking? | sizçayqab turamısız?do you all keep rocking? | alaçayqab turamıdıla?do they keep rocking? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mençayqab turmaymamı? çayqab turmaymıma?don't I keep rocking? | sençayqab turmaymısa?don't you keep rocking? | olçayqab turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep rocking? | bizçayqab turmaybızmı? çayqab turmaymıbız?don't we keep rocking? | sizçayqab turmaymısız?don't you all keep rocking? | alaçayqab turmaymıdıla?don't they keep rocking? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mençayqay turamaI am in the middle of rocking | sençayqay turasayou are in the middle of rocking | olçayqay turadıhe is in the middle of rocking | bizçayqay turabızwe are in the middle of rocking | sizçayqay turasızyou all are in the middle of rocking | alaçayqay turadılathey are in the middle of rocking |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mençayqay turmaymaI am not in the middle of rocking | sençayqay turmaysayou are not in the middle of rocking | olçayqay turmaydıhe is not in the middle of rocking | bizçayqay turmaybızwe are not in the middle of rocking | sizçayqay turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of rocking | alaçayqay turmaydılathey are not in the middle of rocking |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mençayqay turamamı? çayqay turamıma?am I in the middle of rocking? | sençayqay turamısa?are you in the middle of rocking? | olçayqay turamıdı?is he in the middle of rocking? | bizçayqay turabızmı? çayqay turamıbız?are we in the middle of rocking? | sizçayqay turamısız?are you all in the middle of rocking? | alaçayqay turamıdıla?are they in the middle of rocking? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mençayqay turmaymamı? çayqay turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of rocking? | sençayqay turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of rocking? | olçayqay turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of rocking? | bizçayqay turmaybızmı? çayqay turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of rocking? | sizçayqay turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of rocking? | alaçayqay turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of rocking? |
| Simple past (definite) | mençayqadımI rocked | sençayqadıŋyou rocked | olçayqadıhe rocked | bizçayqadıqwe rocked | sizçayqadığızyou all rocked | alaçayqadılathey rocked |
| Simple past (definite) | mençayqamadımI didn't rock | sençayqamadıŋyou didn't rock | olçayqamadıhe didn't rock | bizçayqamadıqwe didn't rock | sizçayqamadığızyou all didn't rock | alaçayqamadılathey didn't rock |
| Simple past (definite) | mençayqadımmı?did I rock? | sençayqadıŋmı?did you rock? | olçayqadımı?did he rock? | bizçayqadıqmı?did we rock? | sizçayqadığızmı?did you all rock? | alaçayqadılamı?did they rock? |
| Simple past (definite) | mençayqamadımmı?didn't I rock? | sençayqamadıŋmı?didn't you rock? | olçayqamadımı?didn't he rock? | bizçayqamadıqmı?didn't we rock? | sizçayqamadığızmı?didn't you all rock? | alaçayqamadılamı?didn't they rock? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mençayqağanmaI have rocked | sençayqağansayou have rocked | olçayqağandıhe has rocked | bizçayqağanbızwe have rocked | sizçayqağansızyou all have rocked | alaçayqağandılathey have rocked |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mençayqamağanmaI haven't rocked | sençayqamağansayou haven't rocked | olçayqamağandıhe hasn't rocked | bizçayqamağanbızwe haven't rocked | sizçayqamağansızyou all haven't rocked | alaçayqamağandılathey haven't rocked |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mençayqağanmamı? çayqağanmıma?have I rocked? | sençayqağanmısa?have you rocked? | olçayqağanmıdı?has he rocked? | bizçayqağanbızmı? çayqağanmıbız?have we rocked? | sizçayqağanmısız?have you all rocked? | alaçayqağanmıdıla?have they rocked? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mençayqamağanmamı? çayqamağanmıma?haven't I rocked? | sençayqamağanmısa?haven't you rocked? | olçayqamağanmıdı?hasn't he rocked? | bizçayqamağanbızmı? çayqamağanmıbız?haven't we rocked? | sizçayqamağanmısız?haven't you all rocked? | alaçayqamağanmıdıla?haven't they rocked? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mençayqab turdumI kept rocking | sençayqab turduŋyou kept rocking | olçayqab turduhe kept rocking | bizçayqab turduqwe kept rocking | sizçayqab turduğuzyou all kept rocking | alaçayqab turdulathey kept rocking |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mençayqab turmadımI didn't keep rocking | sençayqab turmadıŋyou didn't keep rocking | olçayqab turmadıhe didn't keep rocking | bizçayqab turmadıqwe didn't keep rocking | sizçayqab turmadığızyou all didn't keep rocking | alaçayqab turmadılathey didn't keep rocking |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | mençayqarmaI will rock | sençayqarsayou will rock | olçayqarhe will rock | bizçayqarbızwe will rock | sizçayqarsızyou all will rock | alaçayqarlathey will rock |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mençayqamazmaI won't rock | sençayqamazsayou won't rock | olçayqamazhe won't rock | bizçayqamazbızwe won't rock | sizçayqamazsızyou all won't rock | alaçayqamazlathey won't rock |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mençayqarmamı? çayqarmıma?will I rock? | sençayqarmısa?will you rock? | olçayqarmı?will he rock? | bizçayqarbızmı? çayqarmıbız?will we rock? | sizçayqarmısız?will you all rock? | alaçayqarlamı? çayqarmıla?will they rock? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mençayqamazmamı? çayqamazmıma?won't I rock? | sençayqamazmısa?won't you rock? | olçayqamazmı?won't he rock? | bizçayqamazbızmı? çayqamazmıbız?won't we rock? | sizçayqamazmısız?won't you all rock? | alaçayqamazlamı? çayqamazmıla?won't they rock? |
| Definite future (future II) | mençayqarıqmaI am going to rock | sençayqarıqsayou are going to rock | olçayqarıqdıhe is going to rock | bizçayqarıqbızwe are going to rock | sizçayqarıqsızyou all are going to rock | alaçayqarıqdılathey are going to rock |
| Definite future (future II) | mençayqarıq tülmeI am not going to rock | sençayqarıq tülseyou are not going to rock | olçayqarıq tüldühe is not going to rock | bizçayqarıq tülbüzwe are not going to rock | sizçayqarıq tülsüzyou all are not going to rock | alaçayqarıq tüldülethey are not going to rock |
| Definite future (future II) | mençayqarıqmamı? çayqarıqmıma?am I going to rock? | sençayqarıqmısa?are you going to rock? | olçayqarıqmıdı?is he going to rock? | bizçayqarıqbızmı? çayqarıqmıbız?are we going to rock? | sizçayqarıqmısız?are you all going to rock? | alaçayqarıqmıdıla?are they going to rock? |
| Definite future (future II) | mençayqarıq tülmüme?aren't I going to rock? | sençayqarıq tülmüse?aren't you going to rock? | olçayqarıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to rock? | bizçayqarıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to rock? | sizçayqarıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to rock? | alaçayqarıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to rock? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mençayqağan edimçayqağanemI had rocked | sençayqağan ediŋçayqağaneŋyou had rocked | olçayqağan ediçayqağanedhe had rocked | bizçayqağan edikçayqağanekwe had rocked | sizçayqağan edigizçayqağanegizyou all had rocked | alaçayqağan edileçayqağanellethey had rocked |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mençayqamağan edimçayqamağanemI hadn't rocked | sençayqamağan ediŋçayqamağaneŋyou hadn't rocked | olçayqamağan ediçayqamağanedhe hadn't rocked | bizçayqamağan edikçayqamağanekwe hadn't rocked | sizçayqamağan edigizçayqamağanegizyou all hadn't rocked | alaçayqamağan edileçayqamağanellethey hadn't rocked |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mençayqay edimçayqayemI was rocking | sençayqay ediŋçayqayeŋyou were rocking | olçayqay ediçayqayedhe was rocking | bizçayqay edikçayqayekwe were rocking | sizçayqay edigizçayqayegizyou all were rocking | alaçayqay edileçayqayellethey were rocking |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mençayqamay edimçayqamayemI wasn't rocking | sençayqamay ediŋçayqamayeŋyou weren't rocking | olçayqamay ediçayqamayedhe wasn't rocking | bizçayqamay edikçayqamayekwe weren't rocking | sizçayqamay edigizçayqamayegizyou all weren't rocking | alaçayqamay edileçayqamayellethey weren't rocking |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | mençayqawçan edimçayqawçanemI used to rock | sençayqawçan ediŋçayqawçaneŋyou used to rock | olçayqawçan ediçayqawçanedhe used to rock | bizçayqawçan edikçayqawçanekwe used to rock | sizçayqawçan edigizçayqawçanegizyou all used to rock | alaçayqawçan edileçayqawçanellethey used to rock |
| Habitual past (used to) | mençayqamawçan edimçayqamawçanemI didn't use to rock | sençayqamawçan ediŋçayqamawçaneŋyou didn't use to rock | olçayqamawçan ediçayqamawçanedhe didn't use to rock | bizçayqamawçan edikçayqamawçanekwe didn't use to rock | sizçayqamawçan edigizçayqamawçanegizyou all didn't use to rock | alaçayqamawçan edileçayqamawçanellethey didn't use to rock |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olçayqab edihe had rocked and remained so | alaçayqab edilethey had rocked and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olçayqab tül edihe hadn't rocked | alaçayqab tül edilethey hadn't rocked | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mençayqab tura edimçayqab turaemI had kept rocking | sençayqab tura ediŋçayqab turaeŋyou had kept rocking | olçayqab tura ediçayqab turaedhe had kept rocking | bizçayqab tura edikçayqab turaekwe had kept rocking | sizçayqab tura edigizçayqab turaegizyou all had kept rocking | alaçayqab tura edileçayqab turaellethey had kept rocking |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mençayqab turmay edimçayqab turmayemI hadn't kept rocking | sençayqab turmay ediŋçayqab turmayeŋyou hadn't kept rocking | olçayqab turmay ediçayqab turmayedhe hadn't kept rocking | bizçayqab turmay edikçayqab turmayekwe hadn't kept rocking | sizçayqab turmay edigizçayqab turmayegizyou all hadn't kept rocking | alaçayqab turmay edileçayqab turmayellethey hadn't kept rocking |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mençayqay tura edimçayqay turaemI was in the middle of rocking | sençayqay tura ediŋçayqay turaeŋyou were in the middle of rocking | olçayqay tura ediçayqay turaedhe was in the middle of rocking | bizçayqay tura edikçayqay turaekwe were in the middle of rocking | sizçayqay tura edigizçayqay turaegizyou all were in the middle of rocking | alaçayqay tura edileçayqay turaellethey were in the middle of rocking |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mençayqay turmay edimçayqay turmayemI wasn't in the middle of rocking | sençayqay turmay ediŋçayqay turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of rocking | olçayqay turmay ediçayqay turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of rocking | bizçayqay turmay edikçayqay turmayekwe weren't in the middle of rocking | sizçayqay turmay edigizçayqay turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of rocking | alaçayqay turmay edileçayqay turmayellethey weren't in the middle of rocking |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | mençayqar edimçayqar emI would rock | sençayqar ediŋçayqar eŋyou would rock | olçayqar ediçayqar edhe would rock | bizçayqar edikçayqar ekwe would rock | sizçayqar edigizçayqar egizyou all would rock | alaçayqar edileçayqar ellethey would rock |
| Conditional result (would) | mençayqamaz edimçayqamaz emI wouldn't rock | sençayqamaz ediŋçayqamaz eŋyou wouldn't rock | olçayqamaz ediçayqamaz edhe wouldn't rock | bizçayqamaz edikçayqamaz ekwe wouldn't rock | sizçayqamaz edigizçayqamaz egizyou all wouldn't rock | alaçayqamaz edileçayqamaz ellethey wouldn't rock |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | mençayqarıq edimçayqarıq emI would have rocked | sençayqarıq ediŋçayqarıq eŋyou would have rocked | olçayqarıq ediçayqarıq edhe would have rocked | bizçayqarıq edikçayqarıq ekwe would have rocked | sizçayqarıq edigizçayqarıq egizyou all would have rocked | alaçayqarıq edileçayqarıq ellethey would have rocked |
| Past conditional result (would have) | mençayqarıq tül edimçayqarıq tül emI wouldn't have rocked | sençayqarıq tül ediŋçayqarıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have rocked | olçayqarıq tül ediçayqarıq tül edhe wouldn't have rocked | bizçayqarıq tül edikçayqarıq tül ekwe wouldn't have rocked | sizçayqarıq tül edigizçayqarıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have rocked | alaçayqarıq tül edileçayqarıq tül ellethey wouldn't have rocked |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | mençayqasamif I rock | sençayqasaŋif you rock | olçayqasaif he rocks | bizçayqasaqif we rock | sizçayqasağızif you all rock | alaçayqasalaif they rock |
| Conditional | mençayqamasamif I don't rock | sençayqamasaŋif you don't rock | olçayqamasaif he doesn't rock | bizçayqamasaqif we don't rock | sizçayqamasağızif you all don't rock | alaçayqamasalaif they don't rock |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | mençayqay esemif I am rocking | sençayqay eseŋif you are rocking | olçayqay eseif he is rocking | bizçayqay esekif we are rocking | sizçayqay esegizif you all are rocking | alaçayqay eseleif they are rocking |
| Conditional, present real | mençayqamay esemif I am not rocking | sençayqamay eseŋif you are not rocking | olçayqamay eseif he is not rocking | bizçayqamay esekif we are not rocking | sizçayqamay esegizif you all are not rocking | alaçayqamay eseleif they are not rocking |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mençayqasam ediçayqasam edif only I rocked | sençayqasaŋ ediçayqasaŋ edif only you rocked | olçayqasa ediçayqasaedif only he rocked | bizçayqasaq ediçayqasaq edif only we rocked | sizçayqasağız ediçayqasağız edif only you all rocked | alaçayqasala ediçayqasalaedif only they rocked |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mençayqamasam ediçayqamasam edif only I didn't rock | sençayqamasaŋ ediçayqamasaŋ edif only you didn't rock | olçayqamasa ediçayqamasaedif only he didn't rock | bizçayqamasaq ediçayqamasaq edif only we didn't rock | sizçayqamasağız ediçayqamasağız edif only you all didn't rock | alaçayqamasala ediçayqamasalaedif only they didn't rock |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | mençayqab tursamif I carry on rocking | sençayqab tursaŋif you carry on rocking | olçayqab tursaif he carries on rocking | bizçayqab tursaqif we carry on rocking | sizçayqab tursağızif you all carry on rocking | alaçayqab tursalaif they carry on rocking |
| Durative conditional | mençayqab turmasamif I don't carry on rocking | sençayqab turmasaŋif you don't carry on rocking | olçayqab turmasaif he doesn't carry on rocking | bizçayqab turmasaqif we don't carry on rocking | sizçayqab turmasağızif you all don't carry on rocking | alaçayqab turmasalaif they don't carry on rocking |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | mençayqab tura esemif I have kept rocking | sençayqab tura eseŋif you have kept rocking | olçayqab tura eseif he has kept rocking | bizçayqab tura esekif we have kept rocking | sizçayqab tura esegizif you all have kept rocking | alaçayqab tura eseleif they have kept rocking |
| Durative conditional, present real | mençayqab turmay esemif I haven't kept rocking | sençayqab turmay eseŋif you haven't kept rocking | olçayqab turmay eseif he hasn't kept rocking | bizçayqab turmay esekif we haven't kept rocking | sizçayqab turmay esegizif you all haven't kept rocking | alaçayqab turmay eseleif they haven't kept rocking |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | mençayqay tursamif I keep rocking | sençayqay tursaŋif you keep rocking | olçayqay tursaif he keeps rocking | bizçayqay tursaqif we keep rocking | sizçayqay tursağızif you all keep rocking | alaçayqay tursalaif they keep rocking |
| Progressive conditional | mençayqamay tursamif I keep on not rocking | sençayqamay tursaŋif you keep on not rocking | olçayqamay tursaif he keeps on not rocking | bizçayqamay tursaqif we keep on not rocking | sizçayqamay tursağızif you all keep on not rocking | alaçayqamay tursalaif they keep on not rocking |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | mençayqay tura esemif I am in the middle of rocking | sençayqay tura eseŋif you are in the middle of rocking | olçayqay tura eseif he is in the middle of rocking | bizçayqay tura esekif we are in the middle of rocking | sizçayqay tura esegizif you all are in the middle of rocking | alaçayqay tura eseleif they are in the middle of rocking |
| Progressive conditional, present real | mençayqamay tura esemif I keep on not rocking | sençayqamay tura eseŋif you keep on not rocking | olçayqamay tura eseif he keeps on not rocking | bizçayqamay tura esekif we keep on not rocking | sizçayqamay tura esegizif you all keep on not rocking | alaçayqamay tura eseleif they keep on not rocking |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | mençayqadım esemif I rocked | sençayqadıŋ eseŋif you rocked | olçayqadı eseif he rocked | bizçayqadıq esekif we rocked | sizçayqadığız esegizif you all rocked | alaçayqadıla eseleif they rocked |
| Conditional, definite past1 | mençayqamadım esemif I didn't rock | sençayqamadıŋ eseŋif you didn't rock | olçayqamadı eseif he didn't rock | bizçayqamadıq esekif we didn't rock | sizçayqamadığız esegizif you all didn't rock | alaçayqamadıla eseleif they didn't rock |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | mençayqağan esemif I did rock (indeed) | sençayqağan eseŋif you did rock (indeed) | olçayqağan eseif he did rock (indeed) | bizçayqağan esekif we did rock (indeed) | sizçayqağan esegizif you all did rock (indeed) | alaçayqağan eseleif they did rock (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | mençayqamağan esemif I didn't rock (indeed) | sençayqamağan eseŋif you didn't rock (indeed) | olçayqamağan eseif he didn't rock (indeed) | bizçayqamağan esekif we didn't rock (indeed) | sizçayqamağan esegizif you all didn't rock (indeed) | alaçayqamağan eseleif they didn't rock (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | mençayqağan bolsamif I had rocked | sençayqağan bolsaŋif you had rocked | olçayqağan bolsaif he had rocked | bizçayqağan bolsaqif we had rocked | sizçayqağan bolsağızif you all had rocked | alaçayqağan bolsalaif they had rocked |
| Conditional, counterfactual | mençayqamağan bolsamif I hadn't rocked | sençayqamağan bolsaŋif you hadn't rocked | olçayqamağan bolsaif he hadn't rocked | bizçayqamağan bolsaqif we hadn't rocked | sizçayqamağan bolsağızif you all hadn't rocked | alaçayqamağan bolsalaif they hadn't rocked |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mençayqağan bolsam ediçayqağan bolsam edif only I had rocked | sençayqağan bolsaŋ ediçayqağan bolsaŋ edif only you had rocked | olçayqağan bolsa ediçayqağan bolsaedif only he had rocked | bizçayqağan bolsaq ediçayqağan bolsaq edif only we had rocked | sizçayqağan bolsağız ediçayqağan bolsağız edif only you all had rocked | alaçayqağan bolsala ediçayqağan bolsalaedif only they had rocked |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mençayqamağan bolsam ediçayqamağan bolsam edif only I hadn't rocked | sençayqamağan bolsaŋ ediçayqamağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't rocked | olçayqamağan bolsa ediçayqamağan bolsaedif only he hadn't rocked | bizçayqamağan bolsaq ediçayqamağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't rocked | sizçayqamağan bolsağız ediçayqamağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't rocked | alaçayqamağan bolsala ediçayqamağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't rocked |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | mençayqar esemif I will rock | sençayqar eseŋif you will rock | olçayqar eseif he will rock | bizçayqar esekif we will rock | sizçayqar esegizif you all will rock | alaçayqar eseleif they will rock |
| Conditional, aorist | mençayqamaz esemif I won't rock | sençayqamaz eseŋif you won't rock | olçayqamaz eseif he won't rock | bizçayqamaz esekif we won't rock | sizçayqamaz esegizif you all won't rock | alaçayqamaz eseleif they won't rock |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | mençayqarıq esemif I am going to rock | sençayqarıq eseŋif you are going to rock | olçayqarıq eseif he is going to rock | bizçayqarıq esekif we are going to rock | sizçayqarıq esegizif you all are going to rock | alaçayqarıq eseleif they are going to rock |
| Conditional, future | mençayqarıq tül esemif I am not going to rock | sençayqarıq tül eseŋif you are not going to rock | olçayqarıq tül eseif he is not going to rock | bizçayqarıq tül esekif we are not going to rock | sizçayqarıq tül esegizif you all are not going to rock | alaçayqarıq tül eseleif they are not going to rock |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mençayqarıq bolsamif I were going to rock | sençayqarıq bolsaŋif you were going to rock | olçayqarıq bolsaif he were going to rock | bizçayqarıq bolsaqif we were going to rock | sizçayqarıq bolsağızif you all were going to rock | alaçayqarıq bolsalaif they were going to rock |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mençayqamazlıq bolsamif I were not going to rock | sençayqamazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to rock | olçayqamazlıq bolsaif he were not going to rock | bizçayqamazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to rock | sizçayqamazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to rock | alaçayqamazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to rock |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso çayqadıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mençayqay bolurmaI must be rocking | sençayqay bolursayou must be rocking | olçayqay bolurhe must be rocking | bizçayqay bolurbuzwe must be rocking | sizçayqay bolursuzyou all must be rocking | alaçayqay bolurlathey must be rocking |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mençayqamay bolurmaI must not be rocking | sençayqamay bolursayou must not be rocking | olçayqamay bolurhe must not be rocking | bizçayqamay bolurbuzwe must not be rocking | sizçayqamay bolursuzyou all must not be rocking | alaçayqamay bolurlathey must not be rocking |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mençayqay tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of rocking | sençayqay tura bolursayou must be in the middle of rocking | olçayqay tura bolurhe must be in the middle of rocking | bizçayqay tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of rocking | sizçayqay tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of rocking | alaçayqay tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of rocking |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mençayqamay tura bolurmaI must keep on not rocking | sençayqamay tura bolursayou must keep on not rocking | olçayqamay tura bolurhe must keep on not rocking | bizçayqamay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not rocking | sizçayqamay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not rocking | alaçayqamay tura bolurlathey must keep on not rocking |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | mençayqağan bolurmaI must have rocked | sençayqağan bolursayou must have rocked | olçayqağan bolurhe must have rocked | bizçayqağan bolurbuzwe must have rocked | sizçayqağan bolursuzyou all must have rocked | alaçayqağan bolurlathey must have rocked |
| Inference (must have) | mençayqamağan bolurmaI must not have rocked | sençayqamağan bolursayou must not have rocked | olçayqamağan bolurhe must not have rocked | bizçayqamağan bolurbuzwe must not have rocked | sizçayqamağan bolursuzyou all must not have rocked | alaçayqamağan bolurlathey must not have rocked |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mençayqarıq bolurmaI must be going to rock | sençayqarıq bolursayou must be going to rock | olçayqarıq bolurhe must be going to rock | bizçayqarıq bolurbuzwe must be going to rock | sizçayqarıq bolursuzyou all must be going to rock | alaçayqarıq bolurlathey must be going to rock |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mençayqamazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to rock | sençayqamazlıq bolursayou must not be going to rock | olçayqamazlıq bolurhe must not be going to rock | bizçayqamazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to rock | sizçayqamazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to rock | alaçayqamazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to rock |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | mençayqayımlet me rock | sençayqa!rock! | olçayqasınlet him rock | bizçayqayıqlet's rock | sizçayqağız!rock, you all! | alaçayqasınlalet them rock |
| Commands & suggestions | mençayqamayımlet me not rock | sençayqama!don't rock! | olçayqamasınlet him not rock | bizçayqamayıqlet's not rock | sizçayqamağız!don't rock, you all! | alaçayqamasınlalet them not rock |
| Commands & suggestions | mençayqayımmı?shall I rock? | olçayqasınmı?should he rock? | bizçayqayıqmı?shall we rock? | alaçayqasınlamı?should they rock? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | mençayqamayımmı?shall I not rock? | olçayqamasınmı?should he not rock? | bizçayqamayıqmı?shall we not rock? | alaçayqamasınlamı?should they not rock? | ||
| Requests | sençayqaçı2çayqaçınplease rock | olçayqasınçıdo let him rock | sizçayqaçığızplease rock (plural/polite) | alaçayqasınlaçıdo let them rock | ||
| Requests | sençayqamaçı2çayqamaçınplease don't rock | olçayqamasınçıdo let him not rock | sizçayqamaçığızplease don't rock (plural/polite) | alaçayqamasınlaçıdo let them not rock | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sençayqağınçayqağımay you rock | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sençayqamağınçayqamağımay you not rock | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mençayqağay edim çayqağa edimwould that I rocked | sençayqağay ediŋ çayqağa ediŋwould that you rocked | olçayqağay edi çayqağa ediwould that he rocked | bizçayqağay edik çayqağa edikwould that we rocked | sizçayqağay edigiz çayqağa edigizwould that you all rocked | alaçayqağay edile çayqağa edilewould that they rocked |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mençayqamağay edim çayqamağa edimwould that I did not rock | sençayqamağay ediŋ çayqamağa ediŋwould that you did not rock | olçayqamağay edi çayqamağa ediwould that he did not rock | bizçayqamağay edik çayqamağa edikwould that we did not rock | sizçayqamağay edigiz çayqamağa edigizwould that you all did not rock | alaçayqamağay edile çayqamağa edilewould that they did not rock |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | mençayqamağa qoyayımçayqama qoyayımlet me allow someone to rock | sençayqamağa qoy!çayqama qoy!let someone rock! | olçayqamağa qoysunçayqama qoysunlet him allow someone to rock | bizçayqamağa qoyayıqçayqama qoyayıqlet's allow someone to rock | sizçayqamağa qoyuğuz!çayqama qoyuğuz!let someone rock, you all! | alaçayqamağa qoysunlaçayqama qoysunlalet them allow someone to rock |
| Let someone… (commands) | mençayqamağa qoymayımçayqama qoymayımlet me not allow someone to rock | sençayqamağa qoyma!çayqama qoyma!don't let someone rock! | olçayqamağa qoymasınçayqama qoymasınlet him not allow someone to rock | bizçayqamağa qoymayıqçayqama qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to rock | sizçayqamağa qoymağız!çayqama qoymağız!don't let someone rock, you all! | alaçayqamağa qoymasınlaçayqama qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to rock |
| Let someone… (commands) | mençayqamağa qoyayımmı?çayqama qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to rock? | olçayqamağa qoysunmu?çayqama qoysunmu?should he allow someone to rock? | bizçayqamağa qoyayıqmı?çayqama qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to rock? | alaçayqamağa qoysunlamı?çayqama qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to rock? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | mençayqamağa qoymayımmı?çayqama qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to rock? | olçayqamağa qoymasınmı?çayqama qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to rock? | bizçayqamağa qoymayıqmı?çayqama qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to rock? | alaçayqamağa qoymasınlamı?çayqama qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to rock? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | mençayqamağa qoyamaçayqama qoyamaI allow someone to rock | sençayqamağa qoyasaçayqama qoyasayou allow someone to rock | olçayqamağa qoyadıçayqama qoyadıhe allows someone to rock | bizçayqamağa qoyabızçayqama qoyabızwe allow someone to rock | sizçayqamağa qoyasızçayqama qoyasızyou all allow someone to rock | alaçayqamağa qoyadılaçayqama qoyadılathey allow someone to rock |
| Let someone… (present) | mençayqamağa qoymaymaçayqama qoymaymaI don't allow someone to rock | sençayqamağa qoymaysaçayqama qoymaysayou don't allow someone to rock | olçayqamağa qoymaydıçayqama qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to rock | bizçayqamağa qoymaybızçayqama qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to rock | sizçayqamağa qoymaysızçayqama qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to rock | alaçayqamağa qoymaydılaçayqama qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to rock |
| Let someone… (present) | mençayqamağa qoyamamı?çayqama qoyamamı?do I allow someone to rock? | sençayqamağa qoyamısa?çayqama qoyamısa?do you allow someone to rock? | olçayqamağa qoyamıdı?çayqama qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to rock? | bizçayqamağa qoyabızmı?çayqama qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to rock? | sizçayqamağa qoyamısız?çayqama qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to rock? | alaçayqamağa qoyamıdıla?çayqama qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to rock? |
| Let someone… (present) | mençayqamağa qoymaymamı?çayqama qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to rock? | sençayqamağa qoymaymısa?çayqama qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to rock? | olçayqamağa qoymaymıdı?çayqama qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to rock? | bizçayqamağa qoymaybızmı?çayqama qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to rock? | sizçayqamağa qoymaymısız?çayqama qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to rock? | alaçayqamağa qoymaymıdıla?çayqama qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to rock? |
| Let someone… (past) | mençayqamağa qoydumçayqama qoydumI allowed someone to rock | sençayqamağa qoyduŋçayqama qoyduŋyou allowed someone to rock | olçayqamağa qoyduçayqama qoyduhe allowed someone to rock | bizçayqamağa qoyduqçayqama qoyduqwe allowed someone to rock | sizçayqamağa qoyduğuzçayqama qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to rock | alaçayqamağa qoydulaçayqama qoydulathey allowed someone to rock |
| Let someone… (past) | mençayqamağa qoymadımçayqama qoymadımI didn't allow someone to rock | sençayqamağa qoymadıŋçayqama qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to rock | olçayqamağa qoymadıçayqama qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to rock | bizçayqamağa qoymadıqçayqama qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to rock | sizçayqamağa qoymadığızçayqama qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to rock | alaçayqamağa qoymadılaçayqama qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to rock |
| Let someone… (past) | mençayqamağa qoydummu?çayqama qoydummu?did I allow someone to rock? | sençayqamağa qoyduŋmu?çayqama qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to rock? | olçayqamağa qoydumu?çayqama qoydumu?did he allow someone to rock? | bizçayqamağa qoyduqmu?çayqama qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to rock? | sizçayqamağa qoyduğuzmu?çayqama qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to rock? | alaçayqamağa qoydulamı?çayqama qoydulamı?did they allow someone to rock? |
| Let someone… (past) | mençayqamağa qoymadımmı?çayqama qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to rock? | sençayqamağa qoymadıŋmı?çayqama qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to rock? | olçayqamağa qoymadımı?çayqama qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to rock? | bizçayqamağa qoymadıqmı?çayqama qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to rock? | sizçayqamağa qoymadığızmı?çayqama qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to rock? | alaçayqamağa qoymadılamı?çayqama qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to rock? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
çayqayalırğa be able to rock · çayqayalmazğa be unable to rock
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | mençayqayalamaI can rock | sençayqayalasayou can rock | olçayqayaladıhe can rock | bizçayqayalabızwe can rock | sizçayqayalasızyou all can rock | alaçayqayaladılathey can rock |
| Ability — present | mençayqayalmaymaI can't rock | sençayqayalmaysayou can't rock | olçayqayalmaydıhe can't rock | bizçayqayalmaybızwe can't rock | sizçayqayalmaysızyou all can't rock | alaçayqayalmaydılathey can't rock |
| Ability — present | mençayqayalamamı? çayqayalamıma?can I rock? | sençayqayalamısa?can you rock? | olçayqayalamıdı?can he rock? | bizçayqayalabızmı? çayqayalamıbız?can we rock? | sizçayqayalamısız?can you all rock? | alaçayqayalamıdıla?can they rock? |
| Ability — present | mençayqayalmaymamı? çayqayalmaymıma?can't I rock? | sençayqayalmaymısa?can't you rock? | olçayqayalmaymıdı?can't he rock? | bizçayqayalmaybızmı? çayqayalmaymıbız?can't we rock? | sizçayqayalmaymısız?can't you all rock? | alaçayqayalmaymıdıla?can't they rock? |
| Ability — if I can… | mençayqayalsamif I can rock | sençayqayalsaŋif you can rock | olçayqayalsaif he can rock | bizçayqayalsaqif we can rock | sizçayqayalsağızif you all can rock | alaçayqayalsalaif they can rock |
| Ability — if I can… | mençayqayalmasamif I can't rock | sençayqayalmasaŋif you can't rock | olçayqayalmasaif he can't rock | bizçayqayalmasaqif we can't rock | sizçayqayalmasağızif you all can't rock | alaçayqayalmasalaif they can't rock |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | mençayqayaldımI was able to rock | sençayqayaldıŋyou were able to rock | olçayqayaldıhe was able to rock | bizçayqayaldıqwe were able to rock | sizçayqayaldığızyou all were able to rock | alaçayqayaldılathey were able to rock |
| Ability — simple past | mençayqayalmadımI could not rock | sençayqayalmadıŋyou could not rock | olçayqayalmadıhe could not rock | bizçayqayalmadıqwe could not rock | sizçayqayalmadığızyou all could not rock | alaçayqayalmadılathey could not rock |
| Ability — simple past | mençayqayaldımmı?was I able to rock? | sençayqayaldıŋmı?were you able to rock? | olçayqayaldımı?was he able to rock? | bizçayqayaldıqmı?were we able to rock? | sizçayqayaldığızmı?were you all able to rock? | alaçayqayaldılamı?were they able to rock? |
| Ability — simple past | mençayqayalmadımmı?couldn't I rock? | sençayqayalmadıŋmı?couldn't you rock? | olçayqayalmadımı?couldn't he rock? | bizçayqayalmadıqmı?couldn't we rock? | sizçayqayalmadığızmı?couldn't you all rock? | alaçayqayalmadılamı?couldn't they rock? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mençayqayalğanmaI have been able to rock | sençayqayalğansayou have been able to rock | olçayqayalğandıhe has been able to rock | bizçayqayalğanbızwe have been able to rock | sizçayqayalğansızyou all have been able to rock | alaçayqayalğandılathey have been able to rock |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mençayqayalmağanmaI haven't been able to rock | sençayqayalmağansayou haven't been able to rock | olçayqayalmağandıhe hasn't been able to rock | bizçayqayalmağanbızwe haven't been able to rock | sizçayqayalmağansızyou all haven't been able to rock | alaçayqayalmağandılathey haven't been able to rock |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mençayqayalğanmamı? çayqayalğanmıma?have I been able to rock? | sençayqayalğanmısa?have you been able to rock? | olçayqayalğanmıdı?has he been able to rock? | bizçayqayalğanbızmı? çayqayalğanmıbız?have we been able to rock? | sizçayqayalğanmısız?have you all been able to rock? | alaçayqayalğanmıdıla?have they been able to rock? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mençayqayalmağanmamı? çayqayalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to rock? | sençayqayalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to rock? | olçayqayalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to rock? | bizçayqayalmağanbızmı? çayqayalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to rock? | sizçayqayalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to rock? | alaçayqayalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to rock? |
| Ability — past perfect | mençayqayalğan edimçayqayalğanemI had been able to rock | sençayqayalğan ediŋçayqayalğaneŋyou had been able to rock | olçayqayalğan ediçayqayalğanedhe had been able to rock | bizçayqayalğan edikçayqayalğanekwe had been able to rock | sizçayqayalğan edigizçayqayalğanegizyou all had been able to rock | alaçayqayalğan edileçayqayalğanellethey had been able to rock |
| Ability — past perfect | mençayqayalmağan edimçayqayalmağanemI hadn't been able to rock | sençayqayalmağan ediŋçayqayalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to rock | olçayqayalmağan ediçayqayalmağanedhe hadn't been able to rock | bizçayqayalmağan edikçayqayalmağanekwe hadn't been able to rock | sizçayqayalmağan edigizçayqayalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to rock | alaçayqayalmağan edileçayqayalmağanellethey hadn't been able to rock |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | mençayqayala edimçayqayalaemI could rock | sençayqayala ediŋçayqayalaeŋyou could rock | olçayqayala ediçayqayalaedhe could rock | bizçayqayala edikçayqayalaekwe could rock | sizçayqayala edigizçayqayalaegizyou all could rock | alaçayqayala edileçayqayalaellethey could rock |
| Ability — past background | mençayqayalmay edimçayqayalmayemI could not rock | sençayqayalmay ediŋçayqayalmayeŋyou could not rock | olçayqayalmay ediçayqayalmayedhe could not rock | bizçayqayalmay edikçayqayalmayekwe could not rock | sizçayqayalmay edigizçayqayalmayegizyou all could not rock | alaçayqayalmay edileçayqayalmayellethey could not rock |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | mençayqayalırmaI will be able to rock | sençayqayalırsayou will be able to rock | olçayqayalırhe will be able to rock | bizçayqayalırbızwe will be able to rock | sizçayqayalırsızyou all will be able to rock | alaçayqayalırlathey will be able to rock |
| Ability — future I | mençayqayalmazmaI won't be able to rock | sençayqayalmazsayou won't be able to rock | olçayqayalmazhe won't be able to rock | bizçayqayalmazbızwe won't be able to rock | sizçayqayalmazsızyou all won't be able to rock | alaçayqayalmazlathey won't be able to rock |
| Ability — future I | mençayqayalırmamı? çayqayalırmıma?will I be able to rock? | sençayqayalırmısa?will you be able to rock? | olçayqayalırmı?will he be able to rock? | bizçayqayalırbızmı? çayqayalırmıbız?will we be able to rock? | sizçayqayalırmısız?will you all be able to rock? | alaçayqayalırlamı? çayqayalırmıla?will they be able to rock? |
| Ability — future I | mençayqayalmazmamı? çayqayalmazmıma?won't I be able to rock? | sençayqayalmazmısa?won't you be able to rock? | olçayqayalmazmı?won't he be able to rock? | bizçayqayalmazbızmı? çayqayalmazmıbız?won't we be able to rock? | sizçayqayalmazmısız?won't you all be able to rock? | alaçayqayalmazlamı? çayqayalmazmıla?won't they be able to rock? |
| Ability — future II | mençayqayallıqmaI am going to be able to rock | sençayqayallıqsayou are going to be able to rock | olçayqayallıqdıhe is going to be able to rock | bizçayqayallıqbızwe are going to be able to rock | sizçayqayallıqsızyou all are going to be able to rock | alaçayqayallıqdılathey are going to be able to rock |
| Ability — future II | mençayqayallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to rock | sençayqayallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to rock | olçayqayallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to rock | bizçayqayallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to rock | sizçayqayallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to rock | alaçayqayallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to rock |
| Ability — future II | mençayqayallıqmamı? çayqayallıqmıma?am I going to be able to rock? | sençayqayallıqmısa?are you going to be able to rock? | olçayqayallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to rock? | bizçayqayallıqbızmı? çayqayallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to rock? | sizçayqayallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to rock? | alaçayqayallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to rock? |
| Ability — future II | mençayqayallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to rock? | sençayqayallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to rock? | olçayqayallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to rock? | bizçayqayallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to rock? | sizçayqayallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to rock? | alaçayqayallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to rock? |
| Ability — would be able to… | mençayqayalır edimçayqayalır emI would be able to rock | sençayqayalır ediŋçayqayalır eŋyou would be able to rock | olçayqayalır ediçayqayalır edhe would be able to rock | bizçayqayalır edikçayqayalır ekwe would be able to rock | sizçayqayalır edigizçayqayalır egizyou all would be able to rock | alaçayqayalır edileçayqayalır ellethey would be able to rock |
| Ability — would be able to… | mençayqayalmaz edimçayqayalmaz emI wouldn't be able to rock | sençayqayalmaz ediŋçayqayalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to rock | olçayqayalmaz ediçayqayalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to rock | bizçayqayalmaz edikçayqayalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to rock | sizçayqayalmaz edigizçayqayalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to rock | alaçayqayalmaz edileçayqayalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to rock |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sençayqayalğınçayqayalğımay you be able to rock | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sençayqayalmağınçayqayalmağımay you not be able to rock | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | mençayqarğa izleymeI want to rock | sençayqarğa izleyseyou want to rock | olçayqarğa izleydihe wants to rock | bizçayqarğa izleybizwe want to rock | sizçayqarğa izleysizyou all want to rock | alaçayqarğa izleydilethey want to rock |
| want to | mençayqarğa izlemeymeI do not want to rock | sençayqarğa izlemeyseyou do not want to rock | olçayqarğa izlemeydihe does not want to rock | bizçayqarğa izlemeybizwe do not want to rock | sizçayqarğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to rock | alaçayqarğa izlemeydilethey do not want to rock |
| would like to | mençayqarğa süemeI would like to rock | sençayqarğa süeseyou would like to rock | olçayqarğa süedihe would like to rock | bizçayqarğa süebizwe would like to rock | sizçayqarğa süesizyou all would like to rock | alaçayqarğa süedilethey would like to rock |
| would like to | mençayqarğa süymeymeI would not like to rock | sençayqarğa süymeyseyou would not like to rock | olçayqarğa süymeydihe would not like to rock | bizçayqarğa süymeybizwe would not like to rock | sizçayqarğa süymeysizyou all would not like to rock | alaçayqarğa süymeydilethey would not like to rock |
| hope to | mençayqarğa umutlanamaI hope to rock | sençayqarğa umutlanasayou hope to rock | olçayqarğa umutlanadıhe hopes to rock | bizçayqarğa umutlanabızwe hope to rock | sizçayqarğa umutlanasızyou all hope to rock | alaçayqarğa umutlanadılathey hope to rock |
| hope to | mençayqarğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to rock | sençayqarğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to rock | olçayqarğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to rock | bizçayqarğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to rock | sizçayqarğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to rock | alaçayqarğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to rock |
| be about to | mençayqarğa deb turamaI am about to rock | sençayqarğa deb turasayou are about to rock | olçayqarğa deb turadıhe is about to rock | bizçayqarğa deb turabızwe are about to rock | sizçayqarğa deb turasızyou all are about to rock | alaçayqarğa deb turadılathey are about to rock |
| be about to | mençayqarğa deb turmaymaI am not about to rock | sençayqarğa deb turmaysayou are not about to rock | olçayqarğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to rock | bizçayqarğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to rock | sizçayqarğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to rock | alaçayqarğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to rock |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | mençayqarğa kerekmeI need to rock | sençayqarğa kerekseyou need to rock | olçayqarğa kerekdihe needs to rock | bizçayqarğa kerekbizwe need to rock | sizçayqarğa kereksizyou all need to rock | alaçayqarğa kerekdilethey need to rock |
| need to | mençayqarğa kerek tülmeI do not need to rock | sençayqarğa kerek tülseyou do not need to rock | olçayqarğa kerek tüldühe does not need to rock | bizçayqarğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to rock | sizçayqarğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to rock | alaçayqarğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to rock |
| have to | menmenŋe çayqarğa tüşediI have to rock | sensenŋe çayqarğa tüşediyou have to rock | olaŋa çayqarğa tüşedihe has to rock | bizbizge çayqarğa tüşediwe have to rock | sizsizge çayqarğa tüşediyou all have to rock | alaalağa çayqarğa tüşedithey have to rock |
| have to | menmenŋe çayqarğa tüşmeydiI do not have to rock | sensenŋe çayqarğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to rock | olaŋa çayqarğa tüşmeydihe does not have to rock | bizbizge çayqarğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to rock | sizsizge çayqarğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to rock | alaalağa çayqarğa tüşmeydithey do not have to rock |
| be obliged to | mençayqarğa borçlumaI am obliged to rock | sençayqarğa borçlusayou are obliged to rock | olçayqarğa borçluduhe is obliged to rock | bizçayqarğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to rock | sizçayqarğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to rock | alaçayqarğa borçludulathey are obliged to rock |
| be obliged to | mençayqarğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to rock | sençayqarğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to rock | olçayqarğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to rock | bizçayqarğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to rock | sizçayqarğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to rock | alaçayqarğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to rock |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | mençayqarğa madarım bardıI have a way to rock | sençayqarğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to rock | olçayqarğa madarı bardıhe has a way to rock | bizçayqarğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to rock | sizçayqarğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to rock | alaçayqarğa madarları bardıthey have a way to rock |
| have a way to | mençayqarğa madarım joqduI have no way to rock | sençayqarğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to rock | olçayqarğa madarı joqduhe has no way to rock | bizçayqarğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to rock | sizçayqarğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to rock | alaçayqarğa madarları joqduthey have no way to rock |
| be free to | mençayqarğa erkinligim bardıI am free to rock | sençayqarğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to rock | olçayqarğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to rock | bizçayqarğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to rock | sizçayqarğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to rock | alaçayqarğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to rock |
| be free to | mençayqarğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to rock | sençayqarğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to rock | olçayqarğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to rock | bizçayqarğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to rock | sizçayqarğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to rock | alaçayqarğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to rock |
| be possible to | menmenŋe çayqarğa bolluqduit is possible for me to rock | sensenŋe çayqarğa bolluqduit is possible for you to rock | olaŋa çayqarğa bolluqduit is possible for him to rock | bizbizge çayqarğa bolluqduit is possible for us to rock | sizsizge çayqarğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to rock | alaalağa çayqarğa bolluqduit is possible for them to rock |
| be possible to | menmenŋe çayqarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to rock | sensenŋe çayqarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to rock | olaŋa çayqarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to rock | bizbizge çayqarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to rock | sizsizge çayqarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to rock | alaalağa çayqarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to rock |
| be ready to | mençayqarğa hazırmaI am ready to rock | sençayqarğa hazırsayou are ready to rock | olçayqarğa hazırdıhe is ready to rock | bizçayqarğa hazırbızwe are ready to rock | sizçayqarğa hazırsızyou all are ready to rock | alaçayqarğa hazırdılathey are ready to rock |
| be ready to | mençayqarğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to rock | sençayqarğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to rock | olçayqarğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to rock | bizçayqarğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to rock | sizçayqarğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to rock | alaçayqarğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to rock |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | mençayqarğa küreşemeI am trying to rock | sençayqarğa küreşeseyou are trying to rock | olçayqarğa küreşedihe is trying to rock | bizçayqarğa küreşebizwe are trying to rock | sizçayqarğa küreşesizyou all are trying to rock | alaçayqarğa küreşedilethey are trying to rock |
| try to | mençayqarğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to rock | sençayqarğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to rock | olçayqarğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to rock | bizçayqarğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to rock | sizçayqarğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to rock | alaçayqarğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to rock |
| agree to | mençayqarğa unaymaI agree to rock | sençayqarğa unaysayou agree to rock | olçayqarğa unaydıhe agrees to rock | bizçayqarğa unaybızwe agree to rock | sizçayqarğa unaysızyou all agree to rock | alaçayqarğa unaydılathey agree to rock |
| agree to | mençayqarğa unamaymaI refuse to rock | sençayqarğa unamaysayou refuse to rock | olçayqarğa unamaydıhe refuses to rock | bizçayqarğa unamaybızwe refuse to rock | sizçayqarğa unamaysızyou all refuse to rock | alaçayqarğa unamaydılathey refuse to rock |
| hurry to | mençayqarğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to rock | sençayqarğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to rock | olçayqarğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to rock | bizçayqarğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to rock | sizçayqarğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to rock | alaçayqarğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to rock |
| hurry to | mençayqarğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to rock | sençayqarğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to rock | olçayqarğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to rock | bizçayqarğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to rock | sizçayqarğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to rock | alaçayqarğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to rock |
| be afraid to | mençayqarğa qorqamaI am afraid to rock | sençayqarğa qorqasayou are afraid to rock | olçayqarğa qorqadıhe is afraid to rock | bizçayqarğa qorqabızwe are afraid to rock | sizçayqarğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to rock | alaçayqarğa qorqadılathey are afraid to rock |
| be afraid to | mençayqarğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to rock | sençayqarğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to rock | olçayqarğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to rock | bizçayqarğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to rock | sizçayqarğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to rock | alaçayqarğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to rock |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | mençayqay bolmazmaI can't be rocking | sençayqay bolmazsayou can't be rocking | olçayqay bolmazhe can't be rocking | bizçayqay bolmazbızwe can't be rocking | sizçayqay bolmazsızyou all can't be rocking | alaçayqay bolmazlathey can't be rocking |
| Inference, present — double negation | mençayqamay bolmazmaI must be rocking (emphatic) | sençayqamay bolmazsayou must be rocking (emphatic) | olçayqamay bolmazhe must be rocking (emphatic) | bizçayqamay bolmazbızwe must be rocking (emphatic) | sizçayqamay bolmazsızyou all must be rocking (emphatic) | alaçayqamay bolmazlathey must be rocking (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | mençayqay turmasamif I don't keep rocking | sençayqay turmasaŋif you don't keep rocking | olçayqay turmasaif he doesn't keep rocking | bizçayqay turmasaqif we don't keep rocking | sizçayqay turmasağızif you all don't keep rocking | alaçayqay turmasalaif they don't keep rocking |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | mençayqay tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of rocking | sençayqay tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of rocking | olçayqay tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of rocking | bizçayqay tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of rocking | sizçayqay tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of rocking | alaçayqay tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of rocking |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | mençayqamay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not rocking (emphatic) | sençayqamay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not rocking (emphatic) | olçayqamay tura bolmazhe must keep on not rocking (emphatic) | bizçayqamay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not rocking (emphatic) | sizçayqamay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not rocking (emphatic) | alaçayqamay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not rocking (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | mençayqamay turamaI keep on not rocking | sençayqamay turasayou keep on not rocking | olçayqamay turadıhe keeps on not rocking | bizçayqamay turabızwe keep on not rocking | sizçayqamay turasızyou all keep on not rocking | alaçayqamay turadılathey keep on not rocking |
| Progressive — double negation | mençayqamay turmaymaI am not keeping on not rocking | sençayqamay turmaysayou are not keeping on not rocking | olçayqamay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not rocking | bizçayqamay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not rocking | sizçayqamay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not rocking | alaçayqamay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not rocking |
| Progressive — double negation | mençayqamay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not rocking? | sençayqamay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not rocking? | olçayqamay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not rocking? | bizçayqamay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not rocking? | sizçayqamay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not rocking? | alaçayqamay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not rocking? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | mençayqağan bolmazmaI can't have rocked | sençayqağan bolmazsayou can't have rocked | olçayqağan bolmazhe can't have rocked | bizçayqağan bolmazbızwe can't have rocked | sizçayqağan bolmazsızyou all can't have rocked | alaçayqağan bolmazlathey can't have rocked |
| Inference — double negation | mençayqamağan bolmazmaI must have rocked (emphatic) | sençayqamağan bolmazsayou must have rocked (emphatic) | olçayqamağan bolmazhe must have rocked (emphatic) | bizçayqamağan bolmazbızwe must have rocked (emphatic) | sizçayqamağan bolmazsızyou all must have rocked (emphatic) | alaçayqamağan bolmazlathey must have rocked (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | mençayqağan bolmasamif it weren't that I had rocked | sençayqağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had rocked | olçayqağan bolmasaif it weren't that he had rocked | bizçayqağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had rocked | sizçayqağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had rocked | alaçayqağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had rocked |
| Counterfactual — double negation | mençayqamağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't rocked | sençayqamağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't rocked | olçayqamağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't rocked | bizçayqamağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't rocked | sizçayqamağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't rocked | alaçayqamağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't rocked |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | mençayqarıq bolmazmaI can't be going to rock | sençayqarıq bolmazsayou can't be going to rock | olçayqarıq bolmazhe can't be going to rock | bizçayqarıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to rock | sizçayqarıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to rock | alaçayqarıq bolmazlathey can't be going to rock |
| Inference, future — double negation | mençayqamazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to rock (emphatic) | sençayqamazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to rock (emphatic) | olçayqamazlıq bolmazhe must be going to rock (emphatic) | bizçayqamazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to rock (emphatic) | sizçayqamazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to rock (emphatic) | alaçayqamazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to rock (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | mençayqarıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to rock | sençayqarıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to rock | olçayqarıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to rock | bizçayqarıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to rock | sizçayqarıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to rock | alaçayqarıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to rock |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | mençayqamazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to rock | sençayqamazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to rock | olçayqamazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to rock | bizçayqamazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to rock | sizçayqamazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to rock | alaçayqamazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to rock |