bulğarğa
/bulʁarʁa/
1. stir, mix, blend
- biraz bulğarğa — to stir a little
- kaknı bulğarğa — to stir the porridge
- boza bulğarğa — to stir boza
- bozanı bulğa — stir the boza
- qaşıq bla köbge deri bulğadı — he stirred it with a spoon for a long time
- anam anı igi bulğadı — my mother stirred it well
- külge bulğarğa — to mix with ash
- tsementge qum qoşub bulğarğa — to add sand to the cement and mix it
- şaynı qaşıq bla bulğarğa — to stir the tea with a spoon
2. dip, dunk
- gırjınnı ayranŋa bulğarğa — to dip the bread in ayran
- men gırjınnı balğa bulğadım — I dipped the bread in honey
- qaşıqnı balğa bulğa — dip the spoon in the honey
- hıçın tuwrağanlanı jawğa bulğay — dipping the cut pieces of khychyn in the butter
- etni tuzluqğa bulğadı — he dipped the meat in the sauce
3. turn, rotate, spin
- diskni, bulğay ketib, bırğadı — he swung the discus round and threw it
- hawada bulğay — swinging it round in the air
- jaş taşnı bulğab atdı — the boy swung the stone round and threw it
4. wave, shake, wag — Said of a hand, the head, or an animal's tail. With quyruq it also means dodge, evade, used figuratively; that meaning belongs to the expression.
- qol bulğarğa — to wave one's hand
- baş bulğarğa — to shake one's head, to nod
- quyruq bulğarğa — to wag the tail
- it quyruğun bulğaydı — the dog is wagging its tail
- uzaqdan qol bulğadı — he waved his hand from afar
- meni bla başın bulğab salamlaşdı — he greeted me with a nod of his head
- ızımdan jawluq bulğay — waving a kerchief after me
5. distort, twist, spoil
- söznü bulğarğa — to twist someone's words
- işni bulğarğa — to spoil the business
- haparnı bulğab aytdı — he told the story in a twisted way
Expressions
- qol bulğarğa — beckon someone; wave off
- quyruq bulğarğa — make excuses
Conjugation
Common forms
- bulğaydıhe is stirring
- bulğadıhe stirred
- bulğağandıhe has stirred
- bulğarhe will stir
- bulğarıqdıhe is going to stir
- bulğay edihe was stirring
- bulğasaif he stirs
- bulğa!stir!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menbulğaymaI am stirring | senbulğaysayou are stirring | olbulğaydıhe is stirring | bizbulğaybızwe are stirring | sizbulğaysızyou all are stirring | alabulğaydılathey are stirring |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menbulğamaymaI am not stirring | senbulğamaysayou are not stirring | olbulğamaydıhe is not stirring | bizbulğamaybızwe are not stirring | sizbulğamaysızyou all are not stirring | alabulğamaydılathey are not stirring |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menbulğaymamı? bulğaymıma?am I stirring? | senbulğaymısa?are you stirring? | olbulğaymıdı?is he stirring? | bizbulğaybızmı? bulğaymıbız?are we stirring? | sizbulğaymısız?are you all stirring? | alabulğaymıdıla?are they stirring? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menbulğamaymamı? bulğamaymıma?aren't I stirring? | senbulğamaymısa?aren't you stirring? | olbulğamaymıdı?isn't he stirring? | bizbulğamaybızmı? bulğamaymıbız?aren't we stirring? | sizbulğamaymısız?aren't you all stirring? | alabulğamaymıdıla?aren't they stirring? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menbulğawçanmaI usually stir | senbulğawçansayou usually stir | olbulğawçandıhe usually stirs | bizbulğawçanbızwe usually stir | sizbulğawçansızyou all usually stir | alabulğawçandılathey usually stir |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menbulğamawçanmaI usually don't stir | senbulğamawçansayou usually don't stir | olbulğamawçandıhe usually doesn't stir | bizbulğamawçanbızwe usually don't stir | sizbulğamawçansızyou all usually don't stir | alabulğamawçandılathey usually don't stir |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menbulğawçanmamı? bulğawçanmıma?do I usually stir? | senbulğawçanmısa?do you usually stir? | olbulğawçanmıdı?does he usually stir? | bizbulğawçanbızmı? bulğawçanmıbız?do we usually stir? | sizbulğawçanmısız?do you all usually stir? | alabulğawçanmıdıla?do they usually stir? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menbulğamawçanmamı? bulğamawçanmıma?do I usually not stir? | senbulğamawçanmısa?do you usually not stir? | olbulğamawçanmıdı?does he usually not stir? | bizbulğamawçanbızmı? bulğamawçanmıbız?do we usually not stir? | sizbulğamawçanmısız?do you all usually not stir? | alabulğamawçanmıdıla?do they usually not stir? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olbulğabdıhe has stirred and remains so | alabulğabdılathey have stirred and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olbulğabmıdı?has he stirred? | alabulğabmıdıla?have they stirred? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menbulğab turamaI keep stirring | senbulğab turasayou keep stirring | olbulğab turadıhe keeps stirring | bizbulğab turabızwe keep stirring | sizbulğab turasızyou all keep stirring | alabulğab turadılathey keep stirring |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menbulğab turmaymaI don't keep stirring | senbulğab turmaysayou don't keep stirring | olbulğab turmaydıhe doesn't keep stirring | bizbulğab turmaybızwe don't keep stirring | sizbulğab turmaysızyou all don't keep stirring | alabulğab turmaydılathey don't keep stirring |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menbulğab turamamı? bulğab turamıma?do I keep stirring? | senbulğab turamısa?do you keep stirring? | olbulğab turamıdı?does he keep stirring? | bizbulğab turabızmı? bulğab turamıbız?do we keep stirring? | sizbulğab turamısız?do you all keep stirring? | alabulğab turamıdıla?do they keep stirring? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menbulğab turmaymamı? bulğab turmaymıma?don't I keep stirring? | senbulğab turmaymısa?don't you keep stirring? | olbulğab turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep stirring? | bizbulğab turmaybızmı? bulğab turmaymıbız?don't we keep stirring? | sizbulğab turmaymısız?don't you all keep stirring? | alabulğab turmaymıdıla?don't they keep stirring? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menbulğay turamaI am in the middle of stirring | senbulğay turasayou are in the middle of stirring | olbulğay turadıhe is in the middle of stirring | bizbulğay turabızwe are in the middle of stirring | sizbulğay turasızyou all are in the middle of stirring | alabulğay turadılathey are in the middle of stirring |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menbulğay turmaymaI am not in the middle of stirring | senbulğay turmaysayou are not in the middle of stirring | olbulğay turmaydıhe is not in the middle of stirring | bizbulğay turmaybızwe are not in the middle of stirring | sizbulğay turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of stirring | alabulğay turmaydılathey are not in the middle of stirring |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menbulğay turamamı? bulğay turamıma?am I in the middle of stirring? | senbulğay turamısa?are you in the middle of stirring? | olbulğay turamıdı?is he in the middle of stirring? | bizbulğay turabızmı? bulğay turamıbız?are we in the middle of stirring? | sizbulğay turamısız?are you all in the middle of stirring? | alabulğay turamıdıla?are they in the middle of stirring? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menbulğay turmaymamı? bulğay turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of stirring? | senbulğay turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of stirring? | olbulğay turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of stirring? | bizbulğay turmaybızmı? bulğay turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of stirring? | sizbulğay turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of stirring? | alabulğay turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of stirring? |
| Simple past (definite) | menbulğadımI stirred | senbulğadıŋyou stirred | olbulğadıhe stirred | bizbulğadıqwe stirred | sizbulğadığızyou all stirred | alabulğadılathey stirred |
| Simple past (definite) | menbulğamadımI didn't stir | senbulğamadıŋyou didn't stir | olbulğamadıhe didn't stir | bizbulğamadıqwe didn't stir | sizbulğamadığızyou all didn't stir | alabulğamadılathey didn't stir |
| Simple past (definite) | menbulğadımmı?did I stir? | senbulğadıŋmı?did you stir? | olbulğadımı?did he stir? | bizbulğadıqmı?did we stir? | sizbulğadığızmı?did you all stir? | alabulğadılamı?did they stir? |
| Simple past (definite) | menbulğamadımmı?didn't I stir? | senbulğamadıŋmı?didn't you stir? | olbulğamadımı?didn't he stir? | bizbulğamadıqmı?didn't we stir? | sizbulğamadığızmı?didn't you all stir? | alabulğamadılamı?didn't they stir? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menbulğağanmaI have stirred | senbulğağansayou have stirred | olbulğağandıhe has stirred | bizbulğağanbızwe have stirred | sizbulğağansızyou all have stirred | alabulğağandılathey have stirred |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menbulğamağanmaI haven't stirred | senbulğamağansayou haven't stirred | olbulğamağandıhe hasn't stirred | bizbulğamağanbızwe haven't stirred | sizbulğamağansızyou all haven't stirred | alabulğamağandılathey haven't stirred |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menbulğağanmamı? bulğağanmıma?have I stirred? | senbulğağanmısa?have you stirred? | olbulğağanmıdı?has he stirred? | bizbulğağanbızmı? bulğağanmıbız?have we stirred? | sizbulğağanmısız?have you all stirred? | alabulğağanmıdıla?have they stirred? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menbulğamağanmamı? bulğamağanmıma?haven't I stirred? | senbulğamağanmısa?haven't you stirred? | olbulğamağanmıdı?hasn't he stirred? | bizbulğamağanbızmı? bulğamağanmıbız?haven't we stirred? | sizbulğamağanmısız?haven't you all stirred? | alabulğamağanmıdıla?haven't they stirred? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menbulğab turdumI kept stirring | senbulğab turduŋyou kept stirring | olbulğab turduhe kept stirring | bizbulğab turduqwe kept stirring | sizbulğab turduğuzyou all kept stirring | alabulğab turdulathey kept stirring |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menbulğab turmadımI didn't keep stirring | senbulğab turmadıŋyou didn't keep stirring | olbulğab turmadıhe didn't keep stirring | bizbulğab turmadıqwe didn't keep stirring | sizbulğab turmadığızyou all didn't keep stirring | alabulğab turmadılathey didn't keep stirring |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menbulğarmaI will stir | senbulğarsayou will stir | olbulğarhe will stir | bizbulğarbızwe will stir | sizbulğarsızyou all will stir | alabulğarlathey will stir |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menbulğamazmaI won't stir | senbulğamazsayou won't stir | olbulğamazhe won't stir | bizbulğamazbızwe won't stir | sizbulğamazsızyou all won't stir | alabulğamazlathey won't stir |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menbulğarmamı? bulğarmıma?will I stir? | senbulğarmısa?will you stir? | olbulğarmı?will he stir? | bizbulğarbızmı? bulğarmıbız?will we stir? | sizbulğarmısız?will you all stir? | alabulğarlamı? bulğarmıla?will they stir? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menbulğamazmamı? bulğamazmıma?won't I stir? | senbulğamazmısa?won't you stir? | olbulğamazmı?won't he stir? | bizbulğamazbızmı? bulğamazmıbız?won't we stir? | sizbulğamazmısız?won't you all stir? | alabulğamazlamı? bulğamazmıla?won't they stir? |
| Definite future (future II) | menbulğarıqmaI am going to stir | senbulğarıqsayou are going to stir | olbulğarıqdıhe is going to stir | bizbulğarıqbızwe are going to stir | sizbulğarıqsızyou all are going to stir | alabulğarıqdılathey are going to stir |
| Definite future (future II) | menbulğarıq tülmeI am not going to stir | senbulğarıq tülseyou are not going to stir | olbulğarıq tüldühe is not going to stir | bizbulğarıq tülbüzwe are not going to stir | sizbulğarıq tülsüzyou all are not going to stir | alabulğarıq tüldülethey are not going to stir |
| Definite future (future II) | menbulğarıqmamı? bulğarıqmıma?am I going to stir? | senbulğarıqmısa?are you going to stir? | olbulğarıqmıdı?is he going to stir? | bizbulğarıqbızmı? bulğarıqmıbız?are we going to stir? | sizbulğarıqmısız?are you all going to stir? | alabulğarıqmıdıla?are they going to stir? |
| Definite future (future II) | menbulğarıq tülmüme?aren't I going to stir? | senbulğarıq tülmüse?aren't you going to stir? | olbulğarıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to stir? | bizbulğarıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to stir? | sizbulğarıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to stir? | alabulğarıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to stir? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menbulğağan edimbulğağanemI had stirred | senbulğağan ediŋbulğağaneŋyou had stirred | olbulğağan edibulğağanedhe had stirred | bizbulğağan edikbulğağanekwe had stirred | sizbulğağan edigizbulğağanegizyou all had stirred | alabulğağan edilebulğağanellethey had stirred |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menbulğamağan edimbulğamağanemI hadn't stirred | senbulğamağan ediŋbulğamağaneŋyou hadn't stirred | olbulğamağan edibulğamağanedhe hadn't stirred | bizbulğamağan edikbulğamağanekwe hadn't stirred | sizbulğamağan edigizbulğamağanegizyou all hadn't stirred | alabulğamağan edilebulğamağanellethey hadn't stirred |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menbulğay edimbulğayemI was stirring | senbulğay ediŋbulğayeŋyou were stirring | olbulğay edibulğayedhe was stirring | bizbulğay edikbulğayekwe were stirring | sizbulğay edigizbulğayegizyou all were stirring | alabulğay edilebulğayellethey were stirring |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menbulğamay edimbulğamayemI wasn't stirring | senbulğamay ediŋbulğamayeŋyou weren't stirring | olbulğamay edibulğamayedhe wasn't stirring | bizbulğamay edikbulğamayekwe weren't stirring | sizbulğamay edigizbulğamayegizyou all weren't stirring | alabulğamay edilebulğamayellethey weren't stirring |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menbulğawçan edimbulğawçanemI used to stir | senbulğawçan ediŋbulğawçaneŋyou used to stir | olbulğawçan edibulğawçanedhe used to stir | bizbulğawçan edikbulğawçanekwe used to stir | sizbulğawçan edigizbulğawçanegizyou all used to stir | alabulğawçan edilebulğawçanellethey used to stir |
| Habitual past (used to) | menbulğamawçan edimbulğamawçanemI didn't use to stir | senbulğamawçan ediŋbulğamawçaneŋyou didn't use to stir | olbulğamawçan edibulğamawçanedhe didn't use to stir | bizbulğamawçan edikbulğamawçanekwe didn't use to stir | sizbulğamawçan edigizbulğamawçanegizyou all didn't use to stir | alabulğamawçan edilebulğamawçanellethey didn't use to stir |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olbulğab edihe had stirred and remained so | alabulğab edilethey had stirred and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olbulğab tül edihe hadn't stirred | alabulğab tül edilethey hadn't stirred | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menbulğab tura edimbulğab turaemI had kept stirring | senbulğab tura ediŋbulğab turaeŋyou had kept stirring | olbulğab tura edibulğab turaedhe had kept stirring | bizbulğab tura edikbulğab turaekwe had kept stirring | sizbulğab tura edigizbulğab turaegizyou all had kept stirring | alabulğab tura edilebulğab turaellethey had kept stirring |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menbulğab turmay edimbulğab turmayemI hadn't kept stirring | senbulğab turmay ediŋbulğab turmayeŋyou hadn't kept stirring | olbulğab turmay edibulğab turmayedhe hadn't kept stirring | bizbulğab turmay edikbulğab turmayekwe hadn't kept stirring | sizbulğab turmay edigizbulğab turmayegizyou all hadn't kept stirring | alabulğab turmay edilebulğab turmayellethey hadn't kept stirring |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menbulğay tura edimbulğay turaemI was in the middle of stirring | senbulğay tura ediŋbulğay turaeŋyou were in the middle of stirring | olbulğay tura edibulğay turaedhe was in the middle of stirring | bizbulğay tura edikbulğay turaekwe were in the middle of stirring | sizbulğay tura edigizbulğay turaegizyou all were in the middle of stirring | alabulğay tura edilebulğay turaellethey were in the middle of stirring |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menbulğay turmay edimbulğay turmayemI wasn't in the middle of stirring | senbulğay turmay ediŋbulğay turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of stirring | olbulğay turmay edibulğay turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of stirring | bizbulğay turmay edikbulğay turmayekwe weren't in the middle of stirring | sizbulğay turmay edigizbulğay turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of stirring | alabulğay turmay edilebulğay turmayellethey weren't in the middle of stirring |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menbulğar edimbulğar emI would stir | senbulğar ediŋbulğar eŋyou would stir | olbulğar edibulğar edhe would stir | bizbulğar edikbulğar ekwe would stir | sizbulğar edigizbulğar egizyou all would stir | alabulğar edilebulğar ellethey would stir |
| Conditional result (would) | menbulğamaz edimbulğamaz emI wouldn't stir | senbulğamaz ediŋbulğamaz eŋyou wouldn't stir | olbulğamaz edibulğamaz edhe wouldn't stir | bizbulğamaz edikbulğamaz ekwe wouldn't stir | sizbulğamaz edigizbulğamaz egizyou all wouldn't stir | alabulğamaz edilebulğamaz ellethey wouldn't stir |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menbulğarıq edimbulğarıq emI would have stirred | senbulğarıq ediŋbulğarıq eŋyou would have stirred | olbulğarıq edibulğarıq edhe would have stirred | bizbulğarıq edikbulğarıq ekwe would have stirred | sizbulğarıq edigizbulğarıq egizyou all would have stirred | alabulğarıq edilebulğarıq ellethey would have stirred |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menbulğarıq tül edimbulğarıq tül emI wouldn't have stirred | senbulğarıq tül ediŋbulğarıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have stirred | olbulğarıq tül edibulğarıq tül edhe wouldn't have stirred | bizbulğarıq tül edikbulğarıq tül ekwe wouldn't have stirred | sizbulğarıq tül edigizbulğarıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have stirred | alabulğarıq tül edilebulğarıq tül ellethey wouldn't have stirred |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menbulğasamif I stir | senbulğasaŋif you stir | olbulğasaif he stirs | bizbulğasaqif we stir | sizbulğasağızif you all stir | alabulğasalaif they stir |
| Conditional | menbulğamasamif I don't stir | senbulğamasaŋif you don't stir | olbulğamasaif he doesn't stir | bizbulğamasaqif we don't stir | sizbulğamasağızif you all don't stir | alabulğamasalaif they don't stir |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menbulğay esemif I am stirring | senbulğay eseŋif you are stirring | olbulğay eseif he is stirring | bizbulğay esekif we are stirring | sizbulğay esegizif you all are stirring | alabulğay eseleif they are stirring |
| Conditional, present real | menbulğamay esemif I am not stirring | senbulğamay eseŋif you are not stirring | olbulğamay eseif he is not stirring | bizbulğamay esekif we are not stirring | sizbulğamay esegizif you all are not stirring | alabulğamay eseleif they are not stirring |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menbulğasam edibulğasam edif only I stirred | senbulğasaŋ edibulğasaŋ edif only you stirred | olbulğasa edibulğasaedif only he stirred | bizbulğasaq edibulğasaq edif only we stirred | sizbulğasağız edibulğasağız edif only you all stirred | alabulğasala edibulğasalaedif only they stirred |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menbulğamasam edibulğamasam edif only I didn't stir | senbulğamasaŋ edibulğamasaŋ edif only you didn't stir | olbulğamasa edibulğamasaedif only he didn't stir | bizbulğamasaq edibulğamasaq edif only we didn't stir | sizbulğamasağız edibulğamasağız edif only you all didn't stir | alabulğamasala edibulğamasalaedif only they didn't stir |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menbulğab tursamif I carry on stirring | senbulğab tursaŋif you carry on stirring | olbulğab tursaif he carries on stirring | bizbulğab tursaqif we carry on stirring | sizbulğab tursağızif you all carry on stirring | alabulğab tursalaif they carry on stirring |
| Durative conditional | menbulğab turmasamif I don't carry on stirring | senbulğab turmasaŋif you don't carry on stirring | olbulğab turmasaif he doesn't carry on stirring | bizbulğab turmasaqif we don't carry on stirring | sizbulğab turmasağızif you all don't carry on stirring | alabulğab turmasalaif they don't carry on stirring |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menbulğab tura esemif I have kept stirring | senbulğab tura eseŋif you have kept stirring | olbulğab tura eseif he has kept stirring | bizbulğab tura esekif we have kept stirring | sizbulğab tura esegizif you all have kept stirring | alabulğab tura eseleif they have kept stirring |
| Durative conditional, present real | menbulğab turmay esemif I haven't kept stirring | senbulğab turmay eseŋif you haven't kept stirring | olbulğab turmay eseif he hasn't kept stirring | bizbulğab turmay esekif we haven't kept stirring | sizbulğab turmay esegizif you all haven't kept stirring | alabulğab turmay eseleif they haven't kept stirring |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menbulğay tursamif I keep stirring | senbulğay tursaŋif you keep stirring | olbulğay tursaif he keeps stirring | bizbulğay tursaqif we keep stirring | sizbulğay tursağızif you all keep stirring | alabulğay tursalaif they keep stirring |
| Progressive conditional | menbulğamay tursamif I keep on not stirring | senbulğamay tursaŋif you keep on not stirring | olbulğamay tursaif he keeps on not stirring | bizbulğamay tursaqif we keep on not stirring | sizbulğamay tursağızif you all keep on not stirring | alabulğamay tursalaif they keep on not stirring |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menbulğay tura esemif I am in the middle of stirring | senbulğay tura eseŋif you are in the middle of stirring | olbulğay tura eseif he is in the middle of stirring | bizbulğay tura esekif we are in the middle of stirring | sizbulğay tura esegizif you all are in the middle of stirring | alabulğay tura eseleif they are in the middle of stirring |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menbulğamay tura esemif I keep on not stirring | senbulğamay tura eseŋif you keep on not stirring | olbulğamay tura eseif he keeps on not stirring | bizbulğamay tura esekif we keep on not stirring | sizbulğamay tura esegizif you all keep on not stirring | alabulğamay tura eseleif they keep on not stirring |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menbulğadım esemif I stirred | senbulğadıŋ eseŋif you stirred | olbulğadı eseif he stirred | bizbulğadıq esekif we stirred | sizbulğadığız esegizif you all stirred | alabulğadıla eseleif they stirred |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menbulğamadım esemif I didn't stir | senbulğamadıŋ eseŋif you didn't stir | olbulğamadı eseif he didn't stir | bizbulğamadıq esekif we didn't stir | sizbulğamadığız esegizif you all didn't stir | alabulğamadıla eseleif they didn't stir |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menbulğağan esemif I did stir (indeed) | senbulğağan eseŋif you did stir (indeed) | olbulğağan eseif he did stir (indeed) | bizbulğağan esekif we did stir (indeed) | sizbulğağan esegizif you all did stir (indeed) | alabulğağan eseleif they did stir (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menbulğamağan esemif I didn't stir (indeed) | senbulğamağan eseŋif you didn't stir (indeed) | olbulğamağan eseif he didn't stir (indeed) | bizbulğamağan esekif we didn't stir (indeed) | sizbulğamağan esegizif you all didn't stir (indeed) | alabulğamağan eseleif they didn't stir (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menbulğağan bolsamif I had stirred | senbulğağan bolsaŋif you had stirred | olbulğağan bolsaif he had stirred | bizbulğağan bolsaqif we had stirred | sizbulğağan bolsağızif you all had stirred | alabulğağan bolsalaif they had stirred |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menbulğamağan bolsamif I hadn't stirred | senbulğamağan bolsaŋif you hadn't stirred | olbulğamağan bolsaif he hadn't stirred | bizbulğamağan bolsaqif we hadn't stirred | sizbulğamağan bolsağızif you all hadn't stirred | alabulğamağan bolsalaif they hadn't stirred |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menbulğağan bolsam edibulğağan bolsam edif only I had stirred | senbulğağan bolsaŋ edibulğağan bolsaŋ edif only you had stirred | olbulğağan bolsa edibulğağan bolsaedif only he had stirred | bizbulğağan bolsaq edibulğağan bolsaq edif only we had stirred | sizbulğağan bolsağız edibulğağan bolsağız edif only you all had stirred | alabulğağan bolsala edibulğağan bolsalaedif only they had stirred |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menbulğamağan bolsam edibulğamağan bolsam edif only I hadn't stirred | senbulğamağan bolsaŋ edibulğamağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't stirred | olbulğamağan bolsa edibulğamağan bolsaedif only he hadn't stirred | bizbulğamağan bolsaq edibulğamağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't stirred | sizbulğamağan bolsağız edibulğamağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't stirred | alabulğamağan bolsala edibulğamağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't stirred |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menbulğar esemif I will stir | senbulğar eseŋif you will stir | olbulğar eseif he will stir | bizbulğar esekif we will stir | sizbulğar esegizif you all will stir | alabulğar eseleif they will stir |
| Conditional, aorist | menbulğamaz esemif I won't stir | senbulğamaz eseŋif you won't stir | olbulğamaz eseif he won't stir | bizbulğamaz esekif we won't stir | sizbulğamaz esegizif you all won't stir | alabulğamaz eseleif they won't stir |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menbulğarıq esemif I am going to stir | senbulğarıq eseŋif you are going to stir | olbulğarıq eseif he is going to stir | bizbulğarıq esekif we are going to stir | sizbulğarıq esegizif you all are going to stir | alabulğarıq eseleif they are going to stir |
| Conditional, future | menbulğarıq tül esemif I am not going to stir | senbulğarıq tül eseŋif you are not going to stir | olbulğarıq tül eseif he is not going to stir | bizbulğarıq tül esekif we are not going to stir | sizbulğarıq tül esegizif you all are not going to stir | alabulğarıq tül eseleif they are not going to stir |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menbulğarıq bolsamif I were going to stir | senbulğarıq bolsaŋif you were going to stir | olbulğarıq bolsaif he were going to stir | bizbulğarıq bolsaqif we were going to stir | sizbulğarıq bolsağızif you all were going to stir | alabulğarıq bolsalaif they were going to stir |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menbulğamazlıq bolsamif I were not going to stir | senbulğamazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to stir | olbulğamazlıq bolsaif he were not going to stir | bizbulğamazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to stir | sizbulğamazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to stir | alabulğamazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to stir |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso bulğadıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menbulğay bolurmaI must be stirring | senbulğay bolursayou must be stirring | olbulğay bolurhe must be stirring | bizbulğay bolurbuzwe must be stirring | sizbulğay bolursuzyou all must be stirring | alabulğay bolurlathey must be stirring |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menbulğamay bolurmaI must not be stirring | senbulğamay bolursayou must not be stirring | olbulğamay bolurhe must not be stirring | bizbulğamay bolurbuzwe must not be stirring | sizbulğamay bolursuzyou all must not be stirring | alabulğamay bolurlathey must not be stirring |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menbulğay tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of stirring | senbulğay tura bolursayou must be in the middle of stirring | olbulğay tura bolurhe must be in the middle of stirring | bizbulğay tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of stirring | sizbulğay tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of stirring | alabulğay tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of stirring |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menbulğamay tura bolurmaI must keep on not stirring | senbulğamay tura bolursayou must keep on not stirring | olbulğamay tura bolurhe must keep on not stirring | bizbulğamay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not stirring | sizbulğamay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not stirring | alabulğamay tura bolurlathey must keep on not stirring |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menbulğağan bolurmaI must have stirred | senbulğağan bolursayou must have stirred | olbulğağan bolurhe must have stirred | bizbulğağan bolurbuzwe must have stirred | sizbulğağan bolursuzyou all must have stirred | alabulğağan bolurlathey must have stirred |
| Inference (must have) | menbulğamağan bolurmaI must not have stirred | senbulğamağan bolursayou must not have stirred | olbulğamağan bolurhe must not have stirred | bizbulğamağan bolurbuzwe must not have stirred | sizbulğamağan bolursuzyou all must not have stirred | alabulğamağan bolurlathey must not have stirred |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menbulğarıq bolurmaI must be going to stir | senbulğarıq bolursayou must be going to stir | olbulğarıq bolurhe must be going to stir | bizbulğarıq bolurbuzwe must be going to stir | sizbulğarıq bolursuzyou all must be going to stir | alabulğarıq bolurlathey must be going to stir |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menbulğamazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to stir | senbulğamazlıq bolursayou must not be going to stir | olbulğamazlıq bolurhe must not be going to stir | bizbulğamazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to stir | sizbulğamazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to stir | alabulğamazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to stir |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menbulğayımlet me stir | senbulğa!stir! | olbulğasınlet him stir | bizbulğayıqlet's stir | sizbulğağız!stir, you all! | alabulğasınlalet them stir |
| Commands & suggestions | menbulğamayımlet me not stir | senbulğama!don't stir! | olbulğamasınlet him not stir | bizbulğamayıqlet's not stir | sizbulğamağız!don't stir, you all! | alabulğamasınlalet them not stir |
| Commands & suggestions | menbulğayımmı?shall I stir? | olbulğasınmı?should he stir? | bizbulğayıqmı?shall we stir? | alabulğasınlamı?should they stir? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menbulğamayımmı?shall I not stir? | olbulğamasınmı?should he not stir? | bizbulğamayıqmı?shall we not stir? | alabulğamasınlamı?should they not stir? | ||
| Requests | senbulğaçı2bulğaçınplease stir | olbulğasınçıdo let him stir | sizbulğaçığızplease stir (plural/polite) | alabulğasınlaçıdo let them stir | ||
| Requests | senbulğamaçı2bulğamaçınplease don't stir | olbulğamasınçıdo let him not stir | sizbulğamaçığızplease don't stir (plural/polite) | alabulğamasınlaçıdo let them not stir | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senbulğağınbulğağımay you stir | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senbulğamağınbulğamağımay you not stir | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menbulğağay edim bulğağa edimwould that I stirred | senbulğağay ediŋ bulğağa ediŋwould that you stirred | olbulğağay edi bulğağa ediwould that he stirred | bizbulğağay edik bulğağa edikwould that we stirred | sizbulğağay edigiz bulğağa edigizwould that you all stirred | alabulğağay edile bulğağa edilewould that they stirred |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menbulğamağay edim bulğamağa edimwould that I did not stir | senbulğamağay ediŋ bulğamağa ediŋwould that you did not stir | olbulğamağay edi bulğamağa ediwould that he did not stir | bizbulğamağay edik bulğamağa edikwould that we did not stir | sizbulğamağay edigiz bulğamağa edigizwould that you all did not stir | alabulğamağay edile bulğamağa edilewould that they did not stir |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menbulğamağa qoyayımbulğama qoyayımlet me allow someone to stir | senbulğamağa qoy!bulğama qoy!let someone stir! | olbulğamağa qoysunbulğama qoysunlet him allow someone to stir | bizbulğamağa qoyayıqbulğama qoyayıqlet's allow someone to stir | sizbulğamağa qoyuğuz!bulğama qoyuğuz!let someone stir, you all! | alabulğamağa qoysunlabulğama qoysunlalet them allow someone to stir |
| Let someone… (commands) | menbulğamağa qoymayımbulğama qoymayımlet me not allow someone to stir | senbulğamağa qoyma!bulğama qoyma!don't let someone stir! | olbulğamağa qoymasınbulğama qoymasınlet him not allow someone to stir | bizbulğamağa qoymayıqbulğama qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to stir | sizbulğamağa qoymağız!bulğama qoymağız!don't let someone stir, you all! | alabulğamağa qoymasınlabulğama qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to stir |
| Let someone… (commands) | menbulğamağa qoyayımmı?bulğama qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to stir? | olbulğamağa qoysunmu?bulğama qoysunmu?should he allow someone to stir? | bizbulğamağa qoyayıqmı?bulğama qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to stir? | alabulğamağa qoysunlamı?bulğama qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to stir? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menbulğamağa qoymayımmı?bulğama qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to stir? | olbulğamağa qoymasınmı?bulğama qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to stir? | bizbulğamağa qoymayıqmı?bulğama qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to stir? | alabulğamağa qoymasınlamı?bulğama qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to stir? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menbulğamağa qoyamabulğama qoyamaI allow someone to stir | senbulğamağa qoyasabulğama qoyasayou allow someone to stir | olbulğamağa qoyadıbulğama qoyadıhe allows someone to stir | bizbulğamağa qoyabızbulğama qoyabızwe allow someone to stir | sizbulğamağa qoyasızbulğama qoyasızyou all allow someone to stir | alabulğamağa qoyadılabulğama qoyadılathey allow someone to stir |
| Let someone… (present) | menbulğamağa qoymaymabulğama qoymaymaI don't allow someone to stir | senbulğamağa qoymaysabulğama qoymaysayou don't allow someone to stir | olbulğamağa qoymaydıbulğama qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to stir | bizbulğamağa qoymaybızbulğama qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to stir | sizbulğamağa qoymaysızbulğama qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to stir | alabulğamağa qoymaydılabulğama qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to stir |
| Let someone… (present) | menbulğamağa qoyamamı?bulğama qoyamamı?do I allow someone to stir? | senbulğamağa qoyamısa?bulğama qoyamısa?do you allow someone to stir? | olbulğamağa qoyamıdı?bulğama qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to stir? | bizbulğamağa qoyabızmı?bulğama qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to stir? | sizbulğamağa qoyamısız?bulğama qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to stir? | alabulğamağa qoyamıdıla?bulğama qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to stir? |
| Let someone… (present) | menbulğamağa qoymaymamı?bulğama qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to stir? | senbulğamağa qoymaymısa?bulğama qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to stir? | olbulğamağa qoymaymıdı?bulğama qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to stir? | bizbulğamağa qoymaybızmı?bulğama qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to stir? | sizbulğamağa qoymaymısız?bulğama qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to stir? | alabulğamağa qoymaymıdıla?bulğama qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to stir? |
| Let someone… (past) | menbulğamağa qoydumbulğama qoydumI allowed someone to stir | senbulğamağa qoyduŋbulğama qoyduŋyou allowed someone to stir | olbulğamağa qoydubulğama qoyduhe allowed someone to stir | bizbulğamağa qoyduqbulğama qoyduqwe allowed someone to stir | sizbulğamağa qoyduğuzbulğama qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to stir | alabulğamağa qoydulabulğama qoydulathey allowed someone to stir |
| Let someone… (past) | menbulğamağa qoymadımbulğama qoymadımI didn't allow someone to stir | senbulğamağa qoymadıŋbulğama qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to stir | olbulğamağa qoymadıbulğama qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to stir | bizbulğamağa qoymadıqbulğama qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to stir | sizbulğamağa qoymadığızbulğama qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to stir | alabulğamağa qoymadılabulğama qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to stir |
| Let someone… (past) | menbulğamağa qoydummu?bulğama qoydummu?did I allow someone to stir? | senbulğamağa qoyduŋmu?bulğama qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to stir? | olbulğamağa qoydumu?bulğama qoydumu?did he allow someone to stir? | bizbulğamağa qoyduqmu?bulğama qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to stir? | sizbulğamağa qoyduğuzmu?bulğama qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to stir? | alabulğamağa qoydulamı?bulğama qoydulamı?did they allow someone to stir? |
| Let someone… (past) | menbulğamağa qoymadımmı?bulğama qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to stir? | senbulğamağa qoymadıŋmı?bulğama qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to stir? | olbulğamağa qoymadımı?bulğama qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to stir? | bizbulğamağa qoymadıqmı?bulğama qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to stir? | sizbulğamağa qoymadığızmı?bulğama qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to stir? | alabulğamağa qoymadılamı?bulğama qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to stir? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
bulğayalırğa be able to stir · bulğayalmazğa be unable to stir
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menbulğayalamaI can stir | senbulğayalasayou can stir | olbulğayaladıhe can stir | bizbulğayalabızwe can stir | sizbulğayalasızyou all can stir | alabulğayaladılathey can stir |
| Ability — present | menbulğayalmaymaI can't stir | senbulğayalmaysayou can't stir | olbulğayalmaydıhe can't stir | bizbulğayalmaybızwe can't stir | sizbulğayalmaysızyou all can't stir | alabulğayalmaydılathey can't stir |
| Ability — present | menbulğayalamamı? bulğayalamıma?can I stir? | senbulğayalamısa?can you stir? | olbulğayalamıdı?can he stir? | bizbulğayalabızmı? bulğayalamıbız?can we stir? | sizbulğayalamısız?can you all stir? | alabulğayalamıdıla?can they stir? |
| Ability — present | menbulğayalmaymamı? bulğayalmaymıma?can't I stir? | senbulğayalmaymısa?can't you stir? | olbulğayalmaymıdı?can't he stir? | bizbulğayalmaybızmı? bulğayalmaymıbız?can't we stir? | sizbulğayalmaymısız?can't you all stir? | alabulğayalmaymıdıla?can't they stir? |
| Ability — if I can… | menbulğayalsamif I can stir | senbulğayalsaŋif you can stir | olbulğayalsaif he can stir | bizbulğayalsaqif we can stir | sizbulğayalsağızif you all can stir | alabulğayalsalaif they can stir |
| Ability — if I can… | menbulğayalmasamif I can't stir | senbulğayalmasaŋif you can't stir | olbulğayalmasaif he can't stir | bizbulğayalmasaqif we can't stir | sizbulğayalmasağızif you all can't stir | alabulğayalmasalaif they can't stir |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menbulğayaldımI was able to stir | senbulğayaldıŋyou were able to stir | olbulğayaldıhe was able to stir | bizbulğayaldıqwe were able to stir | sizbulğayaldığızyou all were able to stir | alabulğayaldılathey were able to stir |
| Ability — simple past | menbulğayalmadımI could not stir | senbulğayalmadıŋyou could not stir | olbulğayalmadıhe could not stir | bizbulğayalmadıqwe could not stir | sizbulğayalmadığızyou all could not stir | alabulğayalmadılathey could not stir |
| Ability — simple past | menbulğayaldımmı?was I able to stir? | senbulğayaldıŋmı?were you able to stir? | olbulğayaldımı?was he able to stir? | bizbulğayaldıqmı?were we able to stir? | sizbulğayaldığızmı?were you all able to stir? | alabulğayaldılamı?were they able to stir? |
| Ability — simple past | menbulğayalmadımmı?couldn't I stir? | senbulğayalmadıŋmı?couldn't you stir? | olbulğayalmadımı?couldn't he stir? | bizbulğayalmadıqmı?couldn't we stir? | sizbulğayalmadığızmı?couldn't you all stir? | alabulğayalmadılamı?couldn't they stir? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menbulğayalğanmaI have been able to stir | senbulğayalğansayou have been able to stir | olbulğayalğandıhe has been able to stir | bizbulğayalğanbızwe have been able to stir | sizbulğayalğansızyou all have been able to stir | alabulğayalğandılathey have been able to stir |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menbulğayalmağanmaI haven't been able to stir | senbulğayalmağansayou haven't been able to stir | olbulğayalmağandıhe hasn't been able to stir | bizbulğayalmağanbızwe haven't been able to stir | sizbulğayalmağansızyou all haven't been able to stir | alabulğayalmağandılathey haven't been able to stir |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menbulğayalğanmamı? bulğayalğanmıma?have I been able to stir? | senbulğayalğanmısa?have you been able to stir? | olbulğayalğanmıdı?has he been able to stir? | bizbulğayalğanbızmı? bulğayalğanmıbız?have we been able to stir? | sizbulğayalğanmısız?have you all been able to stir? | alabulğayalğanmıdıla?have they been able to stir? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menbulğayalmağanmamı? bulğayalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to stir? | senbulğayalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to stir? | olbulğayalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to stir? | bizbulğayalmağanbızmı? bulğayalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to stir? | sizbulğayalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to stir? | alabulğayalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to stir? |
| Ability — past perfect | menbulğayalğan edimbulğayalğanemI had been able to stir | senbulğayalğan ediŋbulğayalğaneŋyou had been able to stir | olbulğayalğan edibulğayalğanedhe had been able to stir | bizbulğayalğan edikbulğayalğanekwe had been able to stir | sizbulğayalğan edigizbulğayalğanegizyou all had been able to stir | alabulğayalğan edilebulğayalğanellethey had been able to stir |
| Ability — past perfect | menbulğayalmağan edimbulğayalmağanemI hadn't been able to stir | senbulğayalmağan ediŋbulğayalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to stir | olbulğayalmağan edibulğayalmağanedhe hadn't been able to stir | bizbulğayalmağan edikbulğayalmağanekwe hadn't been able to stir | sizbulğayalmağan edigizbulğayalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to stir | alabulğayalmağan edilebulğayalmağanellethey hadn't been able to stir |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menbulğayala edimbulğayalaemI could stir | senbulğayala ediŋbulğayalaeŋyou could stir | olbulğayala edibulğayalaedhe could stir | bizbulğayala edikbulğayalaekwe could stir | sizbulğayala edigizbulğayalaegizyou all could stir | alabulğayala edilebulğayalaellethey could stir |
| Ability — past background | menbulğayalmay edimbulğayalmayemI could not stir | senbulğayalmay ediŋbulğayalmayeŋyou could not stir | olbulğayalmay edibulğayalmayedhe could not stir | bizbulğayalmay edikbulğayalmayekwe could not stir | sizbulğayalmay edigizbulğayalmayegizyou all could not stir | alabulğayalmay edilebulğayalmayellethey could not stir |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menbulğayalırmaI will be able to stir | senbulğayalırsayou will be able to stir | olbulğayalırhe will be able to stir | bizbulğayalırbızwe will be able to stir | sizbulğayalırsızyou all will be able to stir | alabulğayalırlathey will be able to stir |
| Ability — future I | menbulğayalmazmaI won't be able to stir | senbulğayalmazsayou won't be able to stir | olbulğayalmazhe won't be able to stir | bizbulğayalmazbızwe won't be able to stir | sizbulğayalmazsızyou all won't be able to stir | alabulğayalmazlathey won't be able to stir |
| Ability — future I | menbulğayalırmamı? bulğayalırmıma?will I be able to stir? | senbulğayalırmısa?will you be able to stir? | olbulğayalırmı?will he be able to stir? | bizbulğayalırbızmı? bulğayalırmıbız?will we be able to stir? | sizbulğayalırmısız?will you all be able to stir? | alabulğayalırlamı? bulğayalırmıla?will they be able to stir? |
| Ability — future I | menbulğayalmazmamı? bulğayalmazmıma?won't I be able to stir? | senbulğayalmazmısa?won't you be able to stir? | olbulğayalmazmı?won't he be able to stir? | bizbulğayalmazbızmı? bulğayalmazmıbız?won't we be able to stir? | sizbulğayalmazmısız?won't you all be able to stir? | alabulğayalmazlamı? bulğayalmazmıla?won't they be able to stir? |
| Ability — future II | menbulğayallıqmaI am going to be able to stir | senbulğayallıqsayou are going to be able to stir | olbulğayallıqdıhe is going to be able to stir | bizbulğayallıqbızwe are going to be able to stir | sizbulğayallıqsızyou all are going to be able to stir | alabulğayallıqdılathey are going to be able to stir |
| Ability — future II | menbulğayallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to stir | senbulğayallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to stir | olbulğayallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to stir | bizbulğayallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to stir | sizbulğayallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to stir | alabulğayallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to stir |
| Ability — future II | menbulğayallıqmamı? bulğayallıqmıma?am I going to be able to stir? | senbulğayallıqmısa?are you going to be able to stir? | olbulğayallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to stir? | bizbulğayallıqbızmı? bulğayallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to stir? | sizbulğayallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to stir? | alabulğayallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to stir? |
| Ability — future II | menbulğayallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to stir? | senbulğayallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to stir? | olbulğayallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to stir? | bizbulğayallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to stir? | sizbulğayallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to stir? | alabulğayallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to stir? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menbulğayalır edimbulğayalır emI would be able to stir | senbulğayalır ediŋbulğayalır eŋyou would be able to stir | olbulğayalır edibulğayalır edhe would be able to stir | bizbulğayalır edikbulğayalır ekwe would be able to stir | sizbulğayalır edigizbulğayalır egizyou all would be able to stir | alabulğayalır edilebulğayalır ellethey would be able to stir |
| Ability — would be able to… | menbulğayalmaz edimbulğayalmaz emI wouldn't be able to stir | senbulğayalmaz ediŋbulğayalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to stir | olbulğayalmaz edibulğayalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to stir | bizbulğayalmaz edikbulğayalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to stir | sizbulğayalmaz edigizbulğayalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to stir | alabulğayalmaz edilebulğayalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to stir |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senbulğayalğınbulğayalğımay you be able to stir | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senbulğayalmağınbulğayalmağımay you not be able to stir | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menbulğarğa izleymeI want to stir | senbulğarğa izleyseyou want to stir | olbulğarğa izleydihe wants to stir | bizbulğarğa izleybizwe want to stir | sizbulğarğa izleysizyou all want to stir | alabulğarğa izleydilethey want to stir |
| want to | menbulğarğa izlemeymeI do not want to stir | senbulğarğa izlemeyseyou do not want to stir | olbulğarğa izlemeydihe does not want to stir | bizbulğarğa izlemeybizwe do not want to stir | sizbulğarğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to stir | alabulğarğa izlemeydilethey do not want to stir |
| would like to | menbulğarğa süemeI would like to stir | senbulğarğa süeseyou would like to stir | olbulğarğa süedihe would like to stir | bizbulğarğa süebizwe would like to stir | sizbulğarğa süesizyou all would like to stir | alabulğarğa süedilethey would like to stir |
| would like to | menbulğarğa süymeymeI would not like to stir | senbulğarğa süymeyseyou would not like to stir | olbulğarğa süymeydihe would not like to stir | bizbulğarğa süymeybizwe would not like to stir | sizbulğarğa süymeysizyou all would not like to stir | alabulğarğa süymeydilethey would not like to stir |
| hope to | menbulğarğa umutlanamaI hope to stir | senbulğarğa umutlanasayou hope to stir | olbulğarğa umutlanadıhe hopes to stir | bizbulğarğa umutlanabızwe hope to stir | sizbulğarğa umutlanasızyou all hope to stir | alabulğarğa umutlanadılathey hope to stir |
| hope to | menbulğarğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to stir | senbulğarğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to stir | olbulğarğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to stir | bizbulğarğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to stir | sizbulğarğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to stir | alabulğarğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to stir |
| be about to | menbulğarğa deb turamaI am about to stir | senbulğarğa deb turasayou are about to stir | olbulğarğa deb turadıhe is about to stir | bizbulğarğa deb turabızwe are about to stir | sizbulğarğa deb turasızyou all are about to stir | alabulğarğa deb turadılathey are about to stir |
| be about to | menbulğarğa deb turmaymaI am not about to stir | senbulğarğa deb turmaysayou are not about to stir | olbulğarğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to stir | bizbulğarğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to stir | sizbulğarğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to stir | alabulğarğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to stir |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menbulğarğa kerekmeI need to stir | senbulğarğa kerekseyou need to stir | olbulğarğa kerekdihe needs to stir | bizbulğarğa kerekbizwe need to stir | sizbulğarğa kereksizyou all need to stir | alabulğarğa kerekdilethey need to stir |
| need to | menbulğarğa kerek tülmeI do not need to stir | senbulğarğa kerek tülseyou do not need to stir | olbulğarğa kerek tüldühe does not need to stir | bizbulğarğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to stir | sizbulğarğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to stir | alabulğarğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to stir |
| have to | menmenŋe bulğarğa tüşediI have to stir | sensenŋe bulğarğa tüşediyou have to stir | olaŋa bulğarğa tüşedihe has to stir | bizbizge bulğarğa tüşediwe have to stir | sizsizge bulğarğa tüşediyou all have to stir | alaalağa bulğarğa tüşedithey have to stir |
| have to | menmenŋe bulğarğa tüşmeydiI do not have to stir | sensenŋe bulğarğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to stir | olaŋa bulğarğa tüşmeydihe does not have to stir | bizbizge bulğarğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to stir | sizsizge bulğarğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to stir | alaalağa bulğarğa tüşmeydithey do not have to stir |
| be obliged to | menbulğarğa borçlumaI am obliged to stir | senbulğarğa borçlusayou are obliged to stir | olbulğarğa borçluduhe is obliged to stir | bizbulğarğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to stir | sizbulğarğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to stir | alabulğarğa borçludulathey are obliged to stir |
| be obliged to | menbulğarğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to stir | senbulğarğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to stir | olbulğarğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to stir | bizbulğarğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to stir | sizbulğarğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to stir | alabulğarğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to stir |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menbulğarğa madarım bardıI have a way to stir | senbulğarğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to stir | olbulğarğa madarı bardıhe has a way to stir | bizbulğarğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to stir | sizbulğarğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to stir | alabulğarğa madarları bardıthey have a way to stir |
| have a way to | menbulğarğa madarım joqduI have no way to stir | senbulğarğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to stir | olbulğarğa madarı joqduhe has no way to stir | bizbulğarğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to stir | sizbulğarğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to stir | alabulğarğa madarları joqduthey have no way to stir |
| be free to | menbulğarğa erkinligim bardıI am free to stir | senbulğarğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to stir | olbulğarğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to stir | bizbulğarğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to stir | sizbulğarğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to stir | alabulğarğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to stir |
| be free to | menbulğarğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to stir | senbulğarğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to stir | olbulğarğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to stir | bizbulğarğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to stir | sizbulğarğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to stir | alabulğarğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to stir |
| be possible to | menmenŋe bulğarğa bolluqduit is possible for me to stir | sensenŋe bulğarğa bolluqduit is possible for you to stir | olaŋa bulğarğa bolluqduit is possible for him to stir | bizbizge bulğarğa bolluqduit is possible for us to stir | sizsizge bulğarğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to stir | alaalağa bulğarğa bolluqduit is possible for them to stir |
| be possible to | menmenŋe bulğarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to stir | sensenŋe bulğarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to stir | olaŋa bulğarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to stir | bizbizge bulğarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to stir | sizsizge bulğarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to stir | alaalağa bulğarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to stir |
| be ready to | menbulğarğa hazırmaI am ready to stir | senbulğarğa hazırsayou are ready to stir | olbulğarğa hazırdıhe is ready to stir | bizbulğarğa hazırbızwe are ready to stir | sizbulğarğa hazırsızyou all are ready to stir | alabulğarğa hazırdılathey are ready to stir |
| be ready to | menbulğarğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to stir | senbulğarğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to stir | olbulğarğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to stir | bizbulğarğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to stir | sizbulğarğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to stir | alabulğarğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to stir |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menbulğarğa küreşemeI am trying to stir | senbulğarğa küreşeseyou are trying to stir | olbulğarğa küreşedihe is trying to stir | bizbulğarğa küreşebizwe are trying to stir | sizbulğarğa küreşesizyou all are trying to stir | alabulğarğa küreşedilethey are trying to stir |
| try to | menbulğarğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to stir | senbulğarğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to stir | olbulğarğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to stir | bizbulğarğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to stir | sizbulğarğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to stir | alabulğarğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to stir |
| agree to | menbulğarğa unaymaI agree to stir | senbulğarğa unaysayou agree to stir | olbulğarğa unaydıhe agrees to stir | bizbulğarğa unaybızwe agree to stir | sizbulğarğa unaysızyou all agree to stir | alabulğarğa unaydılathey agree to stir |
| agree to | menbulğarğa unamaymaI refuse to stir | senbulğarğa unamaysayou refuse to stir | olbulğarğa unamaydıhe refuses to stir | bizbulğarğa unamaybızwe refuse to stir | sizbulğarğa unamaysızyou all refuse to stir | alabulğarğa unamaydılathey refuse to stir |
| hurry to | menbulğarğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to stir | senbulğarğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to stir | olbulğarğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to stir | bizbulğarğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to stir | sizbulğarğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to stir | alabulğarğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to stir |
| hurry to | menbulğarğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to stir | senbulğarğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to stir | olbulğarğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to stir | bizbulğarğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to stir | sizbulğarğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to stir | alabulğarğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to stir |
| be afraid to | menbulğarğa qorqamaI am afraid to stir | senbulğarğa qorqasayou are afraid to stir | olbulğarğa qorqadıhe is afraid to stir | bizbulğarğa qorqabızwe are afraid to stir | sizbulğarğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to stir | alabulğarğa qorqadılathey are afraid to stir |
| be afraid to | menbulğarğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to stir | senbulğarğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to stir | olbulğarğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to stir | bizbulğarğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to stir | sizbulğarğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to stir | alabulğarğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to stir |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menbulğay bolmazmaI can't be stirring | senbulğay bolmazsayou can't be stirring | olbulğay bolmazhe can't be stirring | bizbulğay bolmazbızwe can't be stirring | sizbulğay bolmazsızyou all can't be stirring | alabulğay bolmazlathey can't be stirring |
| Inference, present — double negation | menbulğamay bolmazmaI must be stirring (emphatic) | senbulğamay bolmazsayou must be stirring (emphatic) | olbulğamay bolmazhe must be stirring (emphatic) | bizbulğamay bolmazbızwe must be stirring (emphatic) | sizbulğamay bolmazsızyou all must be stirring (emphatic) | alabulğamay bolmazlathey must be stirring (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menbulğay turmasamif I don't keep stirring | senbulğay turmasaŋif you don't keep stirring | olbulğay turmasaif he doesn't keep stirring | bizbulğay turmasaqif we don't keep stirring | sizbulğay turmasağızif you all don't keep stirring | alabulğay turmasalaif they don't keep stirring |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menbulğay tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of stirring | senbulğay tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of stirring | olbulğay tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of stirring | bizbulğay tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of stirring | sizbulğay tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of stirring | alabulğay tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of stirring |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menbulğamay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not stirring (emphatic) | senbulğamay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not stirring (emphatic) | olbulğamay tura bolmazhe must keep on not stirring (emphatic) | bizbulğamay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not stirring (emphatic) | sizbulğamay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not stirring (emphatic) | alabulğamay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not stirring (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menbulğamay turamaI keep on not stirring | senbulğamay turasayou keep on not stirring | olbulğamay turadıhe keeps on not stirring | bizbulğamay turabızwe keep on not stirring | sizbulğamay turasızyou all keep on not stirring | alabulğamay turadılathey keep on not stirring |
| Progressive — double negation | menbulğamay turmaymaI am not keeping on not stirring | senbulğamay turmaysayou are not keeping on not stirring | olbulğamay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not stirring | bizbulğamay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not stirring | sizbulğamay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not stirring | alabulğamay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not stirring |
| Progressive — double negation | menbulğamay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not stirring? | senbulğamay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not stirring? | olbulğamay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not stirring? | bizbulğamay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not stirring? | sizbulğamay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not stirring? | alabulğamay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not stirring? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menbulğağan bolmazmaI can't have stirred | senbulğağan bolmazsayou can't have stirred | olbulğağan bolmazhe can't have stirred | bizbulğağan bolmazbızwe can't have stirred | sizbulğağan bolmazsızyou all can't have stirred | alabulğağan bolmazlathey can't have stirred |
| Inference — double negation | menbulğamağan bolmazmaI must have stirred (emphatic) | senbulğamağan bolmazsayou must have stirred (emphatic) | olbulğamağan bolmazhe must have stirred (emphatic) | bizbulğamağan bolmazbızwe must have stirred (emphatic) | sizbulğamağan bolmazsızyou all must have stirred (emphatic) | alabulğamağan bolmazlathey must have stirred (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menbulğağan bolmasamif it weren't that I had stirred | senbulğağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had stirred | olbulğağan bolmasaif it weren't that he had stirred | bizbulğağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had stirred | sizbulğağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had stirred | alabulğağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had stirred |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menbulğamağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't stirred | senbulğamağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't stirred | olbulğamağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't stirred | bizbulğamağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't stirred | sizbulğamağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't stirred | alabulğamağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't stirred |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menbulğarıq bolmazmaI can't be going to stir | senbulğarıq bolmazsayou can't be going to stir | olbulğarıq bolmazhe can't be going to stir | bizbulğarıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to stir | sizbulğarıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to stir | alabulğarıq bolmazlathey can't be going to stir |
| Inference, future — double negation | menbulğamazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to stir (emphatic) | senbulğamazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to stir (emphatic) | olbulğamazlıq bolmazhe must be going to stir (emphatic) | bizbulğamazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to stir (emphatic) | sizbulğamazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to stir (emphatic) | alabulğamazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to stir (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menbulğarıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to stir | senbulğarıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to stir | olbulğarıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to stir | bizbulğarıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to stir | sizbulğarıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to stir | alabulğarıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to stir |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menbulğamazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to stir | senbulğamazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to stir | olbulğamazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to stir | bizbulğamazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to stir | sizbulğamazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to stir | alabulğamazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to stir |