sermeşirge
/sermeʃirɡe/
1. fight, do battle, wage war
- jaw bla sermeşirge — to do battle with the enemy
- biz jaw bla sermeşebiz — we fight the enemy
- sermeşedile duşman bla — they fight with the foe
- jaw bla qatı sermeşgendi — he fought the enemy hard
- sermeşirge hazır boladı — he gets ready to fight
- duşman bla qatı sermeşdile — they fought the foe hard
- jawla bla sermeşirge — to do battle with the enemies
2. brawl, scuffle, come to blows
- tayaqla bla sermeşdile — they scuffled with sticks
- jaşla oramda sermeşdile — the boys brawled in the street
- sabiyle bir-biri bla sermeşedile — the children scuffle with each other
3. quarrel, wrangle, squabble
- awuz bla sermeşirge — to wrangle in words
- ekisi da söz bla sermeşdile — the two of them quarreled in words
- gitçe zat üçün sermeşedile — they squabble over a trifle
Conjugation
Common forms
- sermeşedihe is fighting
- sermeşdihe fought
- sermeşgendihe has fought
- sermeşirhe will fight
- sermeşirikdihe is going to fight
- sermeşe edihe was fighting
- sermeşseif he fights
- sermeş!fight!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensermeşemeI am fighting | sensermeşeseyou are fighting | olsermeşedihe is fighting | bizsermeşebizwe are fighting | sizsermeşesizyou all are fighting | alasermeşedilethey are fighting |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensermeşmeymeI am not fighting | sensermeşmeyseyou are not fighting | olsermeşmeydihe is not fighting | bizsermeşmeybizwe are not fighting | sizsermeşmeysizyou all are not fighting | alasermeşmeydilethey are not fighting |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensermeşememi? sermeşemime?am I fighting? | sensermeşemise?are you fighting? | olsermeşemidi?is he fighting? | bizsermeşebizmi? sermeşemibiz?are we fighting? | sizsermeşemisiz?are you all fighting? | alasermeşemidile?are they fighting? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensermeşmeymemi? sermeşmeymime?aren't I fighting? | sensermeşmeymise?aren't you fighting? | olsermeşmeymidi?isn't he fighting? | bizsermeşmeybizmi? sermeşmeymibiz?aren't we fighting? | sizsermeşmeymisiz?aren't you all fighting? | alasermeşmeymidile?aren't they fighting? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensermeşiwçenmeI usually fight | sensermeşiwçenseyou usually fight | olsermeşiwçendihe usually fights | bizsermeşiwçenbizwe usually fight | sizsermeşiwçensizyou all usually fight | alasermeşiwçendilethey usually fight |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensermeşmewçenmeI usually don't fight | sensermeşmewçenseyou usually don't fight | olsermeşmewçendihe usually doesn't fight | bizsermeşmewçenbizwe usually don't fight | sizsermeşmewçensizyou all usually don't fight | alasermeşmewçendilethey usually don't fight |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensermeşiwçenmemi? sermeşiwçenmime?do I usually fight? | sensermeşiwçenmise?do you usually fight? | olsermeşiwçenmidi?does he usually fight? | bizsermeşiwçenbizmi? sermeşiwçenmibiz?do we usually fight? | sizsermeşiwçenmisiz?do you all usually fight? | alasermeşiwçenmidile?do they usually fight? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensermeşmewçenmemi? sermeşmewçenmime?do I usually not fight? | sensermeşmewçenmise?do you usually not fight? | olsermeşmewçenmidi?does he usually not fight? | bizsermeşmewçenbizmi? sermeşmewçenmibiz?do we usually not fight? | sizsermeşmewçenmisiz?do you all usually not fight? | alasermeşmewçenmidile?do they usually not fight? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olsermeşibdihe has fought and remains so | alasermeşibdilethey have fought and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olsermeşibmidi?has he fought? | alasermeşibmidile?have they fought? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensermeşib turamaI keep fighting | sensermeşib turasayou keep fighting | olsermeşib turadıhe keeps fighting | bizsermeşib turabızwe keep fighting | sizsermeşib turasızyou all keep fighting | alasermeşib turadılathey keep fighting |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensermeşib turmaymaI don't keep fighting | sensermeşib turmaysayou don't keep fighting | olsermeşib turmaydıhe doesn't keep fighting | bizsermeşib turmaybızwe don't keep fighting | sizsermeşib turmaysızyou all don't keep fighting | alasermeşib turmaydılathey don't keep fighting |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensermeşib turamamı? sermeşib turamıma?do I keep fighting? | sensermeşib turamısa?do you keep fighting? | olsermeşib turamıdı?does he keep fighting? | bizsermeşib turabızmı? sermeşib turamıbız?do we keep fighting? | sizsermeşib turamısız?do you all keep fighting? | alasermeşib turamıdıla?do they keep fighting? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensermeşib turmaymamı? sermeşib turmaymıma?don't I keep fighting? | sensermeşib turmaymısa?don't you keep fighting? | olsermeşib turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep fighting? | bizsermeşib turmaybızmı? sermeşib turmaymıbız?don't we keep fighting? | sizsermeşib turmaymısız?don't you all keep fighting? | alasermeşib turmaymıdıla?don't they keep fighting? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensermeşe turamaI am in the middle of fighting | sensermeşe turasayou are in the middle of fighting | olsermeşe turadıhe is in the middle of fighting | bizsermeşe turabızwe are in the middle of fighting | sizsermeşe turasızyou all are in the middle of fighting | alasermeşe turadılathey are in the middle of fighting |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensermeşe turmaymaI am not in the middle of fighting | sensermeşe turmaysayou are not in the middle of fighting | olsermeşe turmaydıhe is not in the middle of fighting | bizsermeşe turmaybızwe are not in the middle of fighting | sizsermeşe turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of fighting | alasermeşe turmaydılathey are not in the middle of fighting |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensermeşe turamamı? sermeşe turamıma?am I in the middle of fighting? | sensermeşe turamısa?are you in the middle of fighting? | olsermeşe turamıdı?is he in the middle of fighting? | bizsermeşe turabızmı? sermeşe turamıbız?are we in the middle of fighting? | sizsermeşe turamısız?are you all in the middle of fighting? | alasermeşe turamıdıla?are they in the middle of fighting? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensermeşe turmaymamı? sermeşe turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of fighting? | sensermeşe turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of fighting? | olsermeşe turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of fighting? | bizsermeşe turmaybızmı? sermeşe turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of fighting? | sizsermeşe turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of fighting? | alasermeşe turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of fighting? |
| Simple past (definite) | mensermeşdimI fought | sensermeşdiŋyou fought | olsermeşdihe fought | bizsermeşdikwe fought | sizsermeşdigizyou all fought | alasermeşdilethey fought |
| Simple past (definite) | mensermeşmedimI didn't fight | sensermeşmediŋyou didn't fight | olsermeşmedihe didn't fight | bizsermeşmedikwe didn't fight | sizsermeşmedigizyou all didn't fight | alasermeşmedilethey didn't fight |
| Simple past (definite) | mensermeşdimmi?did I fight? | sensermeşdiŋmi?did you fight? | olsermeşdimi?did he fight? | bizsermeşdikmi?did we fight? | sizsermeşdigizmi?did you all fight? | alasermeşdilemi?did they fight? |
| Simple past (definite) | mensermeşmedimmi?didn't I fight? | sensermeşmediŋmi?didn't you fight? | olsermeşmedimi?didn't he fight? | bizsermeşmedikmi?didn't we fight? | sizsermeşmedigizmi?didn't you all fight? | alasermeşmedilemi?didn't they fight? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensermeşgenmeI have fought | sensermeşgenseyou have fought | olsermeşgendihe has fought | bizsermeşgenbizwe have fought | sizsermeşgensizyou all have fought | alasermeşgendilethey have fought |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensermeşmegenmeI haven't fought | sensermeşmegenseyou haven't fought | olsermeşmegendihe hasn't fought | bizsermeşmegenbizwe haven't fought | sizsermeşmegensizyou all haven't fought | alasermeşmegendilethey haven't fought |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensermeşgenmemi? sermeşgenmime?have I fought? | sensermeşgenmise?have you fought? | olsermeşgenmidi?has he fought? | bizsermeşgenbizmi? sermeşgenmibiz?have we fought? | sizsermeşgenmisiz?have you all fought? | alasermeşgenmidile?have they fought? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensermeşmegenmemi? sermeşmegenmime?haven't I fought? | sensermeşmegenmise?haven't you fought? | olsermeşmegenmidi?hasn't he fought? | bizsermeşmegenbizmi? sermeşmegenmibiz?haven't we fought? | sizsermeşmegenmisiz?haven't you all fought? | alasermeşmegenmidile?haven't they fought? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mensermeşib turdumI kept fighting | sensermeşib turduŋyou kept fighting | olsermeşib turduhe kept fighting | bizsermeşib turduqwe kept fighting | sizsermeşib turduğuzyou all kept fighting | alasermeşib turdulathey kept fighting |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mensermeşib turmadımI didn't keep fighting | sensermeşib turmadıŋyou didn't keep fighting | olsermeşib turmadıhe didn't keep fighting | bizsermeşib turmadıqwe didn't keep fighting | sizsermeşib turmadığızyou all didn't keep fighting | alasermeşib turmadılathey didn't keep fighting |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensermeşirmeI will fight | sensermeşirseyou will fight | olsermeşirhe will fight | bizsermeşirbizwe will fight | sizsermeşirsizyou all will fight | alasermeşirlethey will fight |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensermeşmezmeI won't fight | sensermeşmezseyou won't fight | olsermeşmezhe won't fight | bizsermeşmezbizwe won't fight | sizsermeşmezsizyou all won't fight | alasermeşmezlethey won't fight |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensermeşirmemi? sermeşirmime?will I fight? | sensermeşirmise?will you fight? | olsermeşirmi?will he fight? | bizsermeşirbizmi? sermeşirmibiz?will we fight? | sizsermeşirmisiz?will you all fight? | alasermeşirlemi? sermeşirmile?will they fight? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensermeşmezmemi? sermeşmezmime?won't I fight? | sensermeşmezmise?won't you fight? | olsermeşmezmi?won't he fight? | bizsermeşmezbizmi? sermeşmezmibiz?won't we fight? | sizsermeşmezmisiz?won't you all fight? | alasermeşmezlemi? sermeşmezmile?won't they fight? |
| Definite future (future II) | mensermeşirikmeI am going to fight | sensermeşirikseyou are going to fight | olsermeşirikdihe is going to fight | bizsermeşirikbizwe are going to fight | sizsermeşiriksizyou all are going to fight | alasermeşirikdilethey are going to fight |
| Definite future (future II) | mensermeşirik tülmeI am not going to fight | sensermeşirik tülseyou are not going to fight | olsermeşirik tüldühe is not going to fight | bizsermeşirik tülbüzwe are not going to fight | sizsermeşirik tülsüzyou all are not going to fight | alasermeşirik tüldülethey are not going to fight |
| Definite future (future II) | mensermeşirikmemi? sermeşirikmime?am I going to fight? | sensermeşirikmise?are you going to fight? | olsermeşirikmidi?is he going to fight? | bizsermeşirikbizmi? sermeşirikmibiz?are we going to fight? | sizsermeşirikmisiz?are you all going to fight? | alasermeşirikmidile?are they going to fight? |
| Definite future (future II) | mensermeşirik tülmüme?aren't I going to fight? | sensermeşirik tülmüse?aren't you going to fight? | olsermeşirik tülmüdü?isn't he going to fight? | bizsermeşirik tülmübüz?aren't we going to fight? | sizsermeşirik tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to fight? | alasermeşirik tülmüdüle?aren't they going to fight? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mensermeşgen edimsermeşgenemI had fought | sensermeşgen ediŋsermeşgeneŋyou had fought | olsermeşgen edisermeşgenedhe had fought | bizsermeşgen ediksermeşgenekwe had fought | sizsermeşgen edigizsermeşgenegizyou all had fought | alasermeşgen edilesermeşgenellethey had fought |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mensermeşmegen edimsermeşmegenemI hadn't fought | sensermeşmegen ediŋsermeşmegeneŋyou hadn't fought | olsermeşmegen edisermeşmegenedhe hadn't fought | bizsermeşmegen ediksermeşmegenekwe hadn't fought | sizsermeşmegen edigizsermeşmegenegizyou all hadn't fought | alasermeşmegen edilesermeşmegenellethey hadn't fought |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mensermeşe edimsermeşemI was fighting | sensermeşe ediŋsermeşeŋyou were fighting | olsermeşe edisermeşedhe was fighting | bizsermeşe ediksermeşekwe were fighting | sizsermeşe edigizsermeşegizyou all were fighting | alasermeşe edilesermeşellethey were fighting |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mensermeşmey edimsermeşmeyemI wasn't fighting | sensermeşmey ediŋsermeşmeyeŋyou weren't fighting | olsermeşmey edisermeşmeyedhe wasn't fighting | bizsermeşmey ediksermeşmeyekwe weren't fighting | sizsermeşmey edigizsermeşmeyegizyou all weren't fighting | alasermeşmey edilesermeşmeyellethey weren't fighting |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | mensermeşiwçen edimsermeşiwçenemI used to fight | sensermeşiwçen ediŋsermeşiwçeneŋyou used to fight | olsermeşiwçen edisermeşiwçenedhe used to fight | bizsermeşiwçen ediksermeşiwçenekwe used to fight | sizsermeşiwçen edigizsermeşiwçenegizyou all used to fight | alasermeşiwçen edilesermeşiwçenellethey used to fight |
| Habitual past (used to) | mensermeşmewçen edimsermeşmewçenemI didn't use to fight | sensermeşmewçen ediŋsermeşmewçeneŋyou didn't use to fight | olsermeşmewçen edisermeşmewçenedhe didn't use to fight | bizsermeşmewçen ediksermeşmewçenekwe didn't use to fight | sizsermeşmewçen edigizsermeşmewçenegizyou all didn't use to fight | alasermeşmewçen edilesermeşmewçenellethey didn't use to fight |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olsermeşib edihe had fought and remained so | alasermeşib edilethey had fought and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olsermeşib tül edihe hadn't fought | alasermeşib tül edilethey hadn't fought | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mensermeşib tura edimsermeşib turaemI had kept fighting | sensermeşib tura ediŋsermeşib turaeŋyou had kept fighting | olsermeşib tura edisermeşib turaedhe had kept fighting | bizsermeşib tura ediksermeşib turaekwe had kept fighting | sizsermeşib tura edigizsermeşib turaegizyou all had kept fighting | alasermeşib tura edilesermeşib turaellethey had kept fighting |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mensermeşib turmay edimsermeşib turmayemI hadn't kept fighting | sensermeşib turmay ediŋsermeşib turmayeŋyou hadn't kept fighting | olsermeşib turmay edisermeşib turmayedhe hadn't kept fighting | bizsermeşib turmay ediksermeşib turmayekwe hadn't kept fighting | sizsermeşib turmay edigizsermeşib turmayegizyou all hadn't kept fighting | alasermeşib turmay edilesermeşib turmayellethey hadn't kept fighting |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mensermeşe tura edimsermeşe turaemI was in the middle of fighting | sensermeşe tura ediŋsermeşe turaeŋyou were in the middle of fighting | olsermeşe tura edisermeşe turaedhe was in the middle of fighting | bizsermeşe tura ediksermeşe turaekwe were in the middle of fighting | sizsermeşe tura edigizsermeşe turaegizyou all were in the middle of fighting | alasermeşe tura edilesermeşe turaellethey were in the middle of fighting |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mensermeşe turmay edimsermeşe turmayemI wasn't in the middle of fighting | sensermeşe turmay ediŋsermeşe turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of fighting | olsermeşe turmay edisermeşe turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of fighting | bizsermeşe turmay ediksermeşe turmayekwe weren't in the middle of fighting | sizsermeşe turmay edigizsermeşe turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of fighting | alasermeşe turmay edilesermeşe turmayellethey weren't in the middle of fighting |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | mensermeşir edimsermeşir emI would fight | sensermeşir ediŋsermeşir eŋyou would fight | olsermeşir edisermeşir edhe would fight | bizsermeşir ediksermeşir ekwe would fight | sizsermeşir edigizsermeşir egizyou all would fight | alasermeşir edilesermeşir ellethey would fight |
| Conditional result (would) | mensermeşmez edimsermeşmez emI wouldn't fight | sensermeşmez ediŋsermeşmez eŋyou wouldn't fight | olsermeşmez edisermeşmez edhe wouldn't fight | bizsermeşmez ediksermeşmez ekwe wouldn't fight | sizsermeşmez edigizsermeşmez egizyou all wouldn't fight | alasermeşmez edilesermeşmez ellethey wouldn't fight |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | mensermeşirik edimsermeşirik emI would have fought | sensermeşirik ediŋsermeşirik eŋyou would have fought | olsermeşirik edisermeşirik edhe would have fought | bizsermeşirik ediksermeşirik ekwe would have fought | sizsermeşirik edigizsermeşirik egizyou all would have fought | alasermeşirik edilesermeşirik ellethey would have fought |
| Past conditional result (would have) | mensermeşirik tül edimsermeşirik tül emI wouldn't have fought | sensermeşirik tül ediŋsermeşirik tül eŋyou wouldn't have fought | olsermeşirik tül edisermeşirik tül edhe wouldn't have fought | bizsermeşirik tül ediksermeşirik tül ekwe wouldn't have fought | sizsermeşirik tül edigizsermeşirik tül egizyou all wouldn't have fought | alasermeşirik tül edilesermeşirik tül ellethey wouldn't have fought |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | mensermeşsemif I fight | sensermeşseŋif you fight | olsermeşseif he fights | bizsermeşsekif we fight | sizsermeşsegizif you all fight | alasermeşseleif they fight |
| Conditional | mensermeşmesemif I don't fight | sensermeşmeseŋif you don't fight | olsermeşmeseif he doesn't fight | bizsermeşmesekif we don't fight | sizsermeşmesegizif you all don't fight | alasermeşmeseleif they don't fight |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | mensermeşe esemif I am fighting | sensermeşe eseŋif you are fighting | olsermeşe eseif he is fighting | bizsermeşe esekif we are fighting | sizsermeşe esegizif you all are fighting | alasermeşe eseleif they are fighting |
| Conditional, present real | mensermeşmey esemif I am not fighting | sensermeşmey eseŋif you are not fighting | olsermeşmey eseif he is not fighting | bizsermeşmey esekif we are not fighting | sizsermeşmey esegizif you all are not fighting | alasermeşmey eseleif they are not fighting |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mensermeşsem edisermeşsem edif only I fought | sensermeşseŋ edisermeşseŋ edif only you fought | olsermeşse edisermeşsedif only he fought | bizsermeşsek edisermeşsek edif only we fought | sizsermeşsegiz edisermeşsegiz edif only you all fought | alasermeşsele edisermeşseledif only they fought |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mensermeşmesem edisermeşmesem edif only I didn't fight | sensermeşmeseŋ edisermeşmeseŋ edif only you didn't fight | olsermeşmese edisermeşmesedif only he didn't fight | bizsermeşmesek edisermeşmesek edif only we didn't fight | sizsermeşmesegiz edisermeşmesegiz edif only you all didn't fight | alasermeşmesele edisermeşmeseledif only they didn't fight |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | mensermeşib tursamif I carry on fighting | sensermeşib tursaŋif you carry on fighting | olsermeşib tursaif he carries on fighting | bizsermeşib tursaqif we carry on fighting | sizsermeşib tursağızif you all carry on fighting | alasermeşib tursalaif they carry on fighting |
| Durative conditional | mensermeşib turmasamif I don't carry on fighting | sensermeşib turmasaŋif you don't carry on fighting | olsermeşib turmasaif he doesn't carry on fighting | bizsermeşib turmasaqif we don't carry on fighting | sizsermeşib turmasağızif you all don't carry on fighting | alasermeşib turmasalaif they don't carry on fighting |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | mensermeşib tura esemif I have kept fighting | sensermeşib tura eseŋif you have kept fighting | olsermeşib tura eseif he has kept fighting | bizsermeşib tura esekif we have kept fighting | sizsermeşib tura esegizif you all have kept fighting | alasermeşib tura eseleif they have kept fighting |
| Durative conditional, present real | mensermeşib turmay esemif I haven't kept fighting | sensermeşib turmay eseŋif you haven't kept fighting | olsermeşib turmay eseif he hasn't kept fighting | bizsermeşib turmay esekif we haven't kept fighting | sizsermeşib turmay esegizif you all haven't kept fighting | alasermeşib turmay eseleif they haven't kept fighting |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | mensermeşe tursamif I keep fighting | sensermeşe tursaŋif you keep fighting | olsermeşe tursaif he keeps fighting | bizsermeşe tursaqif we keep fighting | sizsermeşe tursağızif you all keep fighting | alasermeşe tursalaif they keep fighting |
| Progressive conditional | mensermeşmey tursamif I keep on not fighting | sensermeşmey tursaŋif you keep on not fighting | olsermeşmey tursaif he keeps on not fighting | bizsermeşmey tursaqif we keep on not fighting | sizsermeşmey tursağızif you all keep on not fighting | alasermeşmey tursalaif they keep on not fighting |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | mensermeşe tura esemif I am in the middle of fighting | sensermeşe tura eseŋif you are in the middle of fighting | olsermeşe tura eseif he is in the middle of fighting | bizsermeşe tura esekif we are in the middle of fighting | sizsermeşe tura esegizif you all are in the middle of fighting | alasermeşe tura eseleif they are in the middle of fighting |
| Progressive conditional, present real | mensermeşmey tura esemif I keep on not fighting | sensermeşmey tura eseŋif you keep on not fighting | olsermeşmey tura eseif he keeps on not fighting | bizsermeşmey tura esekif we keep on not fighting | sizsermeşmey tura esegizif you all keep on not fighting | alasermeşmey tura eseleif they keep on not fighting |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | mensermeşdim esemif I fought | sensermeşdiŋ eseŋif you fought | olsermeşdi eseif he fought | bizsermeşdik esekif we fought | sizsermeşdigiz esegizif you all fought | alasermeşdile eseleif they fought |
| Conditional, definite past1 | mensermeşmedim esemif I didn't fight | sensermeşmediŋ eseŋif you didn't fight | olsermeşmedi eseif he didn't fight | bizsermeşmedik esekif we didn't fight | sizsermeşmedigiz esegizif you all didn't fight | alasermeşmedile eseleif they didn't fight |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | mensermeşgen esemif I did fight (indeed) | sensermeşgen eseŋif you did fight (indeed) | olsermeşgen eseif he did fight (indeed) | bizsermeşgen esekif we did fight (indeed) | sizsermeşgen esegizif you all did fight (indeed) | alasermeşgen eseleif they did fight (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | mensermeşmegen esemif I didn't fight (indeed) | sensermeşmegen eseŋif you didn't fight (indeed) | olsermeşmegen eseif he didn't fight (indeed) | bizsermeşmegen esekif we didn't fight (indeed) | sizsermeşmegen esegizif you all didn't fight (indeed) | alasermeşmegen eseleif they didn't fight (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | mensermeşgen bolsamif I had fought | sensermeşgen bolsaŋif you had fought | olsermeşgen bolsaif he had fought | bizsermeşgen bolsaqif we had fought | sizsermeşgen bolsağızif you all had fought | alasermeşgen bolsalaif they had fought |
| Conditional, counterfactual | mensermeşmegen bolsamif I hadn't fought | sensermeşmegen bolsaŋif you hadn't fought | olsermeşmegen bolsaif he hadn't fought | bizsermeşmegen bolsaqif we hadn't fought | sizsermeşmegen bolsağızif you all hadn't fought | alasermeşmegen bolsalaif they hadn't fought |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mensermeşgen bolsam edisermeşgen bolsam edif only I had fought | sensermeşgen bolsaŋ edisermeşgen bolsaŋ edif only you had fought | olsermeşgen bolsa edisermeşgen bolsaedif only he had fought | bizsermeşgen bolsaq edisermeşgen bolsaq edif only we had fought | sizsermeşgen bolsağız edisermeşgen bolsağız edif only you all had fought | alasermeşgen bolsala edisermeşgen bolsalaedif only they had fought |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mensermeşmegen bolsam edisermeşmegen bolsam edif only I hadn't fought | sensermeşmegen bolsaŋ edisermeşmegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't fought | olsermeşmegen bolsa edisermeşmegen bolsaedif only he hadn't fought | bizsermeşmegen bolsaq edisermeşmegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't fought | sizsermeşmegen bolsağız edisermeşmegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't fought | alasermeşmegen bolsala edisermeşmegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't fought |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | mensermeşir esemif I will fight | sensermeşir eseŋif you will fight | olsermeşir eseif he will fight | bizsermeşir esekif we will fight | sizsermeşir esegizif you all will fight | alasermeşir eseleif they will fight |
| Conditional, aorist | mensermeşmez esemif I won't fight | sensermeşmez eseŋif you won't fight | olsermeşmez eseif he won't fight | bizsermeşmez esekif we won't fight | sizsermeşmez esegizif you all won't fight | alasermeşmez eseleif they won't fight |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | mensermeşirik esemif I am going to fight | sensermeşirik eseŋif you are going to fight | olsermeşirik eseif he is going to fight | bizsermeşirik esekif we are going to fight | sizsermeşirik esegizif you all are going to fight | alasermeşirik eseleif they are going to fight |
| Conditional, future | mensermeşirik tül esemif I am not going to fight | sensermeşirik tül eseŋif you are not going to fight | olsermeşirik tül eseif he is not going to fight | bizsermeşirik tül esekif we are not going to fight | sizsermeşirik tül esegizif you all are not going to fight | alasermeşirik tül eseleif they are not going to fight |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mensermeşirik bolsamif I were going to fight | sensermeşirik bolsaŋif you were going to fight | olsermeşirik bolsaif he were going to fight | bizsermeşirik bolsaqif we were going to fight | sizsermeşirik bolsağızif you all were going to fight | alasermeşirik bolsalaif they were going to fight |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mensermeşmezlik bolsamif I were not going to fight | sensermeşmezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to fight | olsermeşmezlik bolsaif he were not going to fight | bizsermeşmezlik bolsaqif we were not going to fight | sizsermeşmezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to fight | alasermeşmezlik bolsalaif they were not going to fight |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso sermeşdiŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mensermeşe bolurmaI must be fighting | sensermeşe bolursayou must be fighting | olsermeşe bolurhe must be fighting | bizsermeşe bolurbuzwe must be fighting | sizsermeşe bolursuzyou all must be fighting | alasermeşe bolurlathey must be fighting |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mensermeşmey bolurmaI must not be fighting | sensermeşmey bolursayou must not be fighting | olsermeşmey bolurhe must not be fighting | bizsermeşmey bolurbuzwe must not be fighting | sizsermeşmey bolursuzyou all must not be fighting | alasermeşmey bolurlathey must not be fighting |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mensermeşe tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of fighting | sensermeşe tura bolursayou must be in the middle of fighting | olsermeşe tura bolurhe must be in the middle of fighting | bizsermeşe tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of fighting | sizsermeşe tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of fighting | alasermeşe tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of fighting |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mensermeşmey tura bolurmaI must keep on not fighting | sensermeşmey tura bolursayou must keep on not fighting | olsermeşmey tura bolurhe must keep on not fighting | bizsermeşmey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not fighting | sizsermeşmey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not fighting | alasermeşmey tura bolurlathey must keep on not fighting |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | mensermeşgen bolurmaI must have fought | sensermeşgen bolursayou must have fought | olsermeşgen bolurhe must have fought | bizsermeşgen bolurbuzwe must have fought | sizsermeşgen bolursuzyou all must have fought | alasermeşgen bolurlathey must have fought |
| Inference (must have) | mensermeşmegen bolurmaI must not have fought | sensermeşmegen bolursayou must not have fought | olsermeşmegen bolurhe must not have fought | bizsermeşmegen bolurbuzwe must not have fought | sizsermeşmegen bolursuzyou all must not have fought | alasermeşmegen bolurlathey must not have fought |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mensermeşirik bolurmaI must be going to fight | sensermeşirik bolursayou must be going to fight | olsermeşirik bolurhe must be going to fight | bizsermeşirik bolurbuzwe must be going to fight | sizsermeşirik bolursuzyou all must be going to fight | alasermeşirik bolurlathey must be going to fight |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mensermeşmezlik bolurmaI must not be going to fight | sensermeşmezlik bolursayou must not be going to fight | olsermeşmezlik bolurhe must not be going to fight | bizsermeşmezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to fight | sizsermeşmezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to fight | alasermeşmezlik bolurlathey must not be going to fight |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | mensermeşeyimlet me fight | sensermeş!fight! | olsermeşsinlet him fight | bizsermeşeyiklet's fight | sizsermeşigiz!fight, you all! | alasermeşsinlelet them fight |
| Commands & suggestions | mensermeşmeyimlet me not fight | sensermeşme!don't fight! | olsermeşmesinlet him not fight | bizsermeşmeyiklet's not fight | sizsermeşmegiz!don't fight, you all! | alasermeşmesinlelet them not fight |
| Commands & suggestions | mensermeşeyimmi?shall I fight? | olsermeşsinmi?should he fight? | bizsermeşeyikmi?shall we fight? | alasermeşsinlemi?should they fight? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | mensermeşmeyimmi?shall I not fight? | olsermeşmesinmi?should he not fight? | bizsermeşmeyikmi?shall we not fight? | alasermeşmesinlemi?should they not fight? | ||
| Requests | sensermeşçi2sermeşçinplease fight | olsermeşsinçido let him fight | sizsermeşçigizplease fight (plural/polite) | alasermeşsinleçido let them fight | ||
| Requests | sensermeşmeçi2sermeşmeçinplease don't fight | olsermeşmesinçido let him not fight | sizsermeşmeçigizplease don't fight (plural/polite) | alasermeşmesinleçido let them not fight | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sensermeşginsermeşgimay you fight | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sensermeşmeginsermeşmegimay you not fight | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mensermeşgey edim sermeşge edimwould that I fought | sensermeşgey ediŋ sermeşge ediŋwould that you fought | olsermeşgey edi sermeşge ediwould that he fought | bizsermeşgey edik sermeşge edikwould that we fought | sizsermeşgey edigiz sermeşge edigizwould that you all fought | alasermeşgey edile sermeşge edilewould that they fought |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mensermeşmegey edim sermeşmege edimwould that I did not fight | sensermeşmegey ediŋ sermeşmege ediŋwould that you did not fight | olsermeşmegey edi sermeşmege ediwould that he did not fight | bizsermeşmegey edik sermeşmege edikwould that we did not fight | sizsermeşmegey edigiz sermeşmege edigizwould that you all did not fight | alasermeşmegey edile sermeşmege edilewould that they did not fight |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | mensermeşmege qoyayımsermeşme qoyayımlet me allow someone to fight | sensermeşmege qoy!sermeşme qoy!let someone fight! | olsermeşmege qoysunsermeşme qoysunlet him allow someone to fight | bizsermeşmege qoyayıqsermeşme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to fight | sizsermeşmege qoyuğuz!sermeşme qoyuğuz!let someone fight, you all! | alasermeşmege qoysunlasermeşme qoysunlalet them allow someone to fight |
| Let someone… (commands) | mensermeşmege qoymayımsermeşme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to fight | sensermeşmege qoyma!sermeşme qoyma!don't let someone fight! | olsermeşmege qoymasınsermeşme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to fight | bizsermeşmege qoymayıqsermeşme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to fight | sizsermeşmege qoymağız!sermeşme qoymağız!don't let someone fight, you all! | alasermeşmege qoymasınlasermeşme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to fight |
| Let someone… (commands) | mensermeşmege qoyayımmı?sermeşme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to fight? | olsermeşmege qoysunmu?sermeşme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to fight? | bizsermeşmege qoyayıqmı?sermeşme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to fight? | alasermeşmege qoysunlamı?sermeşme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to fight? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | mensermeşmege qoymayımmı?sermeşme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to fight? | olsermeşmege qoymasınmı?sermeşme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to fight? | bizsermeşmege qoymayıqmı?sermeşme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to fight? | alasermeşmege qoymasınlamı?sermeşme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to fight? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | mensermeşmege qoyamasermeşme qoyamaI allow someone to fight | sensermeşmege qoyasasermeşme qoyasayou allow someone to fight | olsermeşmege qoyadısermeşme qoyadıhe allows someone to fight | bizsermeşmege qoyabızsermeşme qoyabızwe allow someone to fight | sizsermeşmege qoyasızsermeşme qoyasızyou all allow someone to fight | alasermeşmege qoyadılasermeşme qoyadılathey allow someone to fight |
| Let someone… (present) | mensermeşmege qoymaymasermeşme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to fight | sensermeşmege qoymaysasermeşme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to fight | olsermeşmege qoymaydısermeşme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to fight | bizsermeşmege qoymaybızsermeşme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to fight | sizsermeşmege qoymaysızsermeşme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to fight | alasermeşmege qoymaydılasermeşme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to fight |
| Let someone… (present) | mensermeşmege qoyamamı?sermeşme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to fight? | sensermeşmege qoyamısa?sermeşme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to fight? | olsermeşmege qoyamıdı?sermeşme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to fight? | bizsermeşmege qoyabızmı?sermeşme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to fight? | sizsermeşmege qoyamısız?sermeşme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to fight? | alasermeşmege qoyamıdıla?sermeşme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to fight? |
| Let someone… (present) | mensermeşmege qoymaymamı?sermeşme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to fight? | sensermeşmege qoymaymısa?sermeşme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to fight? | olsermeşmege qoymaymıdı?sermeşme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to fight? | bizsermeşmege qoymaybızmı?sermeşme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to fight? | sizsermeşmege qoymaymısız?sermeşme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to fight? | alasermeşmege qoymaymıdıla?sermeşme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to fight? |
| Let someone… (past) | mensermeşmege qoydumsermeşme qoydumI allowed someone to fight | sensermeşmege qoyduŋsermeşme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to fight | olsermeşmege qoydusermeşme qoyduhe allowed someone to fight | bizsermeşmege qoyduqsermeşme qoyduqwe allowed someone to fight | sizsermeşmege qoyduğuzsermeşme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to fight | alasermeşmege qoydulasermeşme qoydulathey allowed someone to fight |
| Let someone… (past) | mensermeşmege qoymadımsermeşme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to fight | sensermeşmege qoymadıŋsermeşme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to fight | olsermeşmege qoymadısermeşme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to fight | bizsermeşmege qoymadıqsermeşme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to fight | sizsermeşmege qoymadığızsermeşme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to fight | alasermeşmege qoymadılasermeşme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to fight |
| Let someone… (past) | mensermeşmege qoydummu?sermeşme qoydummu?did I allow someone to fight? | sensermeşmege qoyduŋmu?sermeşme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to fight? | olsermeşmege qoydumu?sermeşme qoydumu?did he allow someone to fight? | bizsermeşmege qoyduqmu?sermeşme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to fight? | sizsermeşmege qoyduğuzmu?sermeşme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to fight? | alasermeşmege qoydulamı?sermeşme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to fight? |
| Let someone… (past) | mensermeşmege qoymadımmı?sermeşme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to fight? | sensermeşmege qoymadıŋmı?sermeşme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to fight? | olsermeşmege qoymadımı?sermeşme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to fight? | bizsermeşmege qoymadıqmı?sermeşme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to fight? | sizsermeşmege qoymadığızmı?sermeşme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to fight? | alasermeşmege qoymadılamı?sermeşme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to fight? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
sermeşalırğa be able to fight · sermeşalmazğa be unable to fight
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | mensermeşalamaI can fight | sensermeşalasayou can fight | olsermeşaladıhe can fight | bizsermeşalabızwe can fight | sizsermeşalasızyou all can fight | alasermeşaladılathey can fight |
| Ability — present | mensermeşalmaymaI can't fight | sensermeşalmaysayou can't fight | olsermeşalmaydıhe can't fight | bizsermeşalmaybızwe can't fight | sizsermeşalmaysızyou all can't fight | alasermeşalmaydılathey can't fight |
| Ability — present | mensermeşalamamı? sermeşalamıma?can I fight? | sensermeşalamısa?can you fight? | olsermeşalamıdı?can he fight? | bizsermeşalabızmı? sermeşalamıbız?can we fight? | sizsermeşalamısız?can you all fight? | alasermeşalamıdıla?can they fight? |
| Ability — present | mensermeşalmaymamı? sermeşalmaymıma?can't I fight? | sensermeşalmaymısa?can't you fight? | olsermeşalmaymıdı?can't he fight? | bizsermeşalmaybızmı? sermeşalmaymıbız?can't we fight? | sizsermeşalmaymısız?can't you all fight? | alasermeşalmaymıdıla?can't they fight? |
| Ability — if I can… | mensermeşalsamif I can fight | sensermeşalsaŋif you can fight | olsermeşalsaif he can fight | bizsermeşalsaqif we can fight | sizsermeşalsağızif you all can fight | alasermeşalsalaif they can fight |
| Ability — if I can… | mensermeşalmasamif I can't fight | sensermeşalmasaŋif you can't fight | olsermeşalmasaif he can't fight | bizsermeşalmasaqif we can't fight | sizsermeşalmasağızif you all can't fight | alasermeşalmasalaif they can't fight |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | mensermeşaldımI was able to fight | sensermeşaldıŋyou were able to fight | olsermeşaldıhe was able to fight | bizsermeşaldıqwe were able to fight | sizsermeşaldığızyou all were able to fight | alasermeşaldılathey were able to fight |
| Ability — simple past | mensermeşalmadımI could not fight | sensermeşalmadıŋyou could not fight | olsermeşalmadıhe could not fight | bizsermeşalmadıqwe could not fight | sizsermeşalmadığızyou all could not fight | alasermeşalmadılathey could not fight |
| Ability — simple past | mensermeşaldımmı?was I able to fight? | sensermeşaldıŋmı?were you able to fight? | olsermeşaldımı?was he able to fight? | bizsermeşaldıqmı?were we able to fight? | sizsermeşaldığızmı?were you all able to fight? | alasermeşaldılamı?were they able to fight? |
| Ability — simple past | mensermeşalmadımmı?couldn't I fight? | sensermeşalmadıŋmı?couldn't you fight? | olsermeşalmadımı?couldn't he fight? | bizsermeşalmadıqmı?couldn't we fight? | sizsermeşalmadığızmı?couldn't you all fight? | alasermeşalmadılamı?couldn't they fight? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensermeşalğanmaI have been able to fight | sensermeşalğansayou have been able to fight | olsermeşalğandıhe has been able to fight | bizsermeşalğanbızwe have been able to fight | sizsermeşalğansızyou all have been able to fight | alasermeşalğandılathey have been able to fight |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensermeşalmağanmaI haven't been able to fight | sensermeşalmağansayou haven't been able to fight | olsermeşalmağandıhe hasn't been able to fight | bizsermeşalmağanbızwe haven't been able to fight | sizsermeşalmağansızyou all haven't been able to fight | alasermeşalmağandılathey haven't been able to fight |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensermeşalğanmamı? sermeşalğanmıma?have I been able to fight? | sensermeşalğanmısa?have you been able to fight? | olsermeşalğanmıdı?has he been able to fight? | bizsermeşalğanbızmı? sermeşalğanmıbız?have we been able to fight? | sizsermeşalğanmısız?have you all been able to fight? | alasermeşalğanmıdıla?have they been able to fight? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensermeşalmağanmamı? sermeşalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to fight? | sensermeşalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to fight? | olsermeşalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to fight? | bizsermeşalmağanbızmı? sermeşalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to fight? | sizsermeşalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to fight? | alasermeşalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to fight? |
| Ability — past perfect | mensermeşalğan edimsermeşalğanemI had been able to fight | sensermeşalğan ediŋsermeşalğaneŋyou had been able to fight | olsermeşalğan edisermeşalğanedhe had been able to fight | bizsermeşalğan ediksermeşalğanekwe had been able to fight | sizsermeşalğan edigizsermeşalğanegizyou all had been able to fight | alasermeşalğan edilesermeşalğanellethey had been able to fight |
| Ability — past perfect | mensermeşalmağan edimsermeşalmağanemI hadn't been able to fight | sensermeşalmağan ediŋsermeşalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to fight | olsermeşalmağan edisermeşalmağanedhe hadn't been able to fight | bizsermeşalmağan ediksermeşalmağanekwe hadn't been able to fight | sizsermeşalmağan edigizsermeşalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to fight | alasermeşalmağan edilesermeşalmağanellethey hadn't been able to fight |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | mensermeşala edimsermeşalaemI could fight | sensermeşala ediŋsermeşalaeŋyou could fight | olsermeşala edisermeşalaedhe could fight | bizsermeşala ediksermeşalaekwe could fight | sizsermeşala edigizsermeşalaegizyou all could fight | alasermeşala edilesermeşalaellethey could fight |
| Ability — past background | mensermeşalmay edimsermeşalmayemI could not fight | sensermeşalmay ediŋsermeşalmayeŋyou could not fight | olsermeşalmay edisermeşalmayedhe could not fight | bizsermeşalmay ediksermeşalmayekwe could not fight | sizsermeşalmay edigizsermeşalmayegizyou all could not fight | alasermeşalmay edilesermeşalmayellethey could not fight |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | mensermeşalırmaI will be able to fight | sensermeşalırsayou will be able to fight | olsermeşalırhe will be able to fight | bizsermeşalırbızwe will be able to fight | sizsermeşalırsızyou all will be able to fight | alasermeşalırlathey will be able to fight |
| Ability — future I | mensermeşalmazmaI won't be able to fight | sensermeşalmazsayou won't be able to fight | olsermeşalmazhe won't be able to fight | bizsermeşalmazbızwe won't be able to fight | sizsermeşalmazsızyou all won't be able to fight | alasermeşalmazlathey won't be able to fight |
| Ability — future I | mensermeşalırmamı? sermeşalırmıma?will I be able to fight? | sensermeşalırmısa?will you be able to fight? | olsermeşalırmı?will he be able to fight? | bizsermeşalırbızmı? sermeşalırmıbız?will we be able to fight? | sizsermeşalırmısız?will you all be able to fight? | alasermeşalırlamı? sermeşalırmıla?will they be able to fight? |
| Ability — future I | mensermeşalmazmamı? sermeşalmazmıma?won't I be able to fight? | sensermeşalmazmısa?won't you be able to fight? | olsermeşalmazmı?won't he be able to fight? | bizsermeşalmazbızmı? sermeşalmazmıbız?won't we be able to fight? | sizsermeşalmazmısız?won't you all be able to fight? | alasermeşalmazlamı? sermeşalmazmıla?won't they be able to fight? |
| Ability — future II | mensermeşallıqmaI am going to be able to fight | sensermeşallıqsayou are going to be able to fight | olsermeşallıqdıhe is going to be able to fight | bizsermeşallıqbızwe are going to be able to fight | sizsermeşallıqsızyou all are going to be able to fight | alasermeşallıqdılathey are going to be able to fight |
| Ability — future II | mensermeşallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to fight | sensermeşallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to fight | olsermeşallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to fight | bizsermeşallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to fight | sizsermeşallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to fight | alasermeşallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to fight |
| Ability — future II | mensermeşallıqmamı? sermeşallıqmıma?am I going to be able to fight? | sensermeşallıqmısa?are you going to be able to fight? | olsermeşallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to fight? | bizsermeşallıqbızmı? sermeşallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to fight? | sizsermeşallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to fight? | alasermeşallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to fight? |
| Ability — future II | mensermeşallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to fight? | sensermeşallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to fight? | olsermeşallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to fight? | bizsermeşallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to fight? | sizsermeşallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to fight? | alasermeşallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to fight? |
| Ability — would be able to… | mensermeşalır edimsermeşalır emI would be able to fight | sensermeşalır ediŋsermeşalır eŋyou would be able to fight | olsermeşalır edisermeşalır edhe would be able to fight | bizsermeşalır ediksermeşalır ekwe would be able to fight | sizsermeşalır edigizsermeşalır egizyou all would be able to fight | alasermeşalır edilesermeşalır ellethey would be able to fight |
| Ability — would be able to… | mensermeşalmaz edimsermeşalmaz emI wouldn't be able to fight | sensermeşalmaz ediŋsermeşalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to fight | olsermeşalmaz edisermeşalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to fight | bizsermeşalmaz ediksermeşalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to fight | sizsermeşalmaz edigizsermeşalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to fight | alasermeşalmaz edilesermeşalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to fight |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sensermeşalğınsermeşalğımay you be able to fight | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sensermeşalmağınsermeşalmağımay you not be able to fight | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | mensermeşirge izleymeI want to fight | sensermeşirge izleyseyou want to fight | olsermeşirge izleydihe wants to fight | bizsermeşirge izleybizwe want to fight | sizsermeşirge izleysizyou all want to fight | alasermeşirge izleydilethey want to fight |
| want to | mensermeşirge izlemeymeI do not want to fight | sensermeşirge izlemeyseyou do not want to fight | olsermeşirge izlemeydihe does not want to fight | bizsermeşirge izlemeybizwe do not want to fight | sizsermeşirge izlemeysizyou all do not want to fight | alasermeşirge izlemeydilethey do not want to fight |
| would like to | mensermeşirge süemeI would like to fight | sensermeşirge süeseyou would like to fight | olsermeşirge süedihe would like to fight | bizsermeşirge süebizwe would like to fight | sizsermeşirge süesizyou all would like to fight | alasermeşirge süedilethey would like to fight |
| would like to | mensermeşirge süymeymeI would not like to fight | sensermeşirge süymeyseyou would not like to fight | olsermeşirge süymeydihe would not like to fight | bizsermeşirge süymeybizwe would not like to fight | sizsermeşirge süymeysizyou all would not like to fight | alasermeşirge süymeydilethey would not like to fight |
| hope to | mensermeşirge umutlanamaI hope to fight | sensermeşirge umutlanasayou hope to fight | olsermeşirge umutlanadıhe hopes to fight | bizsermeşirge umutlanabızwe hope to fight | sizsermeşirge umutlanasızyou all hope to fight | alasermeşirge umutlanadılathey hope to fight |
| hope to | mensermeşirge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to fight | sensermeşirge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to fight | olsermeşirge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to fight | bizsermeşirge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to fight | sizsermeşirge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to fight | alasermeşirge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to fight |
| be about to | mensermeşirge deb turamaI am about to fight | sensermeşirge deb turasayou are about to fight | olsermeşirge deb turadıhe is about to fight | bizsermeşirge deb turabızwe are about to fight | sizsermeşirge deb turasızyou all are about to fight | alasermeşirge deb turadılathey are about to fight |
| be about to | mensermeşirge deb turmaymaI am not about to fight | sensermeşirge deb turmaysayou are not about to fight | olsermeşirge deb turmaydıhe is not about to fight | bizsermeşirge deb turmaybızwe are not about to fight | sizsermeşirge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to fight | alasermeşirge deb turmaydılathey are not about to fight |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | mensermeşirge kerekmeI need to fight | sensermeşirge kerekseyou need to fight | olsermeşirge kerekdihe needs to fight | bizsermeşirge kerekbizwe need to fight | sizsermeşirge kereksizyou all need to fight | alasermeşirge kerekdilethey need to fight |
| need to | mensermeşirge kerek tülmeI do not need to fight | sensermeşirge kerek tülseyou do not need to fight | olsermeşirge kerek tüldühe does not need to fight | bizsermeşirge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to fight | sizsermeşirge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to fight | alasermeşirge kerek tüldülethey do not need to fight |
| have to | menmenŋe sermeşirge tüşediI have to fight | sensenŋe sermeşirge tüşediyou have to fight | olaŋa sermeşirge tüşedihe has to fight | bizbizge sermeşirge tüşediwe have to fight | sizsizge sermeşirge tüşediyou all have to fight | alaalağa sermeşirge tüşedithey have to fight |
| have to | menmenŋe sermeşirge tüşmeydiI do not have to fight | sensenŋe sermeşirge tüşmeydiyou do not have to fight | olaŋa sermeşirge tüşmeydihe does not have to fight | bizbizge sermeşirge tüşmeydiwe do not have to fight | sizsizge sermeşirge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to fight | alaalağa sermeşirge tüşmeydithey do not have to fight |
| be obliged to | mensermeşirge borçlumaI am obliged to fight | sensermeşirge borçlusayou are obliged to fight | olsermeşirge borçluduhe is obliged to fight | bizsermeşirge borçlubuzwe are obliged to fight | sizsermeşirge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to fight | alasermeşirge borçludulathey are obliged to fight |
| be obliged to | mensermeşirge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to fight | sensermeşirge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to fight | olsermeşirge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to fight | bizsermeşirge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to fight | sizsermeşirge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to fight | alasermeşirge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to fight |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | mensermeşirge madarım bardıI have a way to fight | sensermeşirge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to fight | olsermeşirge madarı bardıhe has a way to fight | bizsermeşirge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to fight | sizsermeşirge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to fight | alasermeşirge madarları bardıthey have a way to fight |
| have a way to | mensermeşirge madarım joqduI have no way to fight | sensermeşirge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to fight | olsermeşirge madarı joqduhe has no way to fight | bizsermeşirge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to fight | sizsermeşirge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to fight | alasermeşirge madarları joqduthey have no way to fight |
| be free to | mensermeşirge erkinligim bardıI am free to fight | sensermeşirge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to fight | olsermeşirge erkinligi bardıhe is free to fight | bizsermeşirge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to fight | sizsermeşirge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to fight | alasermeşirge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to fight |
| be free to | mensermeşirge erkinligim joqduI am not free to fight | sensermeşirge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to fight | olsermeşirge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to fight | bizsermeşirge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to fight | sizsermeşirge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to fight | alasermeşirge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to fight |
| be possible to | menmenŋe sermeşirge bolluqduit is possible for me to fight | sensenŋe sermeşirge bolluqduit is possible for you to fight | olaŋa sermeşirge bolluqduit is possible for him to fight | bizbizge sermeşirge bolluqduit is possible for us to fight | sizsizge sermeşirge bolluqduit is possible for you all to fight | alaalağa sermeşirge bolluqduit is possible for them to fight |
| be possible to | menmenŋe sermeşirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to fight | sensenŋe sermeşirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to fight | olaŋa sermeşirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to fight | bizbizge sermeşirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to fight | sizsizge sermeşirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to fight | alaalağa sermeşirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to fight |
| be ready to | mensermeşirge hazırmaI am ready to fight | sensermeşirge hazırsayou are ready to fight | olsermeşirge hazırdıhe is ready to fight | bizsermeşirge hazırbızwe are ready to fight | sizsermeşirge hazırsızyou all are ready to fight | alasermeşirge hazırdılathey are ready to fight |
| be ready to | mensermeşirge hazır tülmeI am not ready to fight | sensermeşirge hazır tülseyou are not ready to fight | olsermeşirge hazır tüldühe is not ready to fight | bizsermeşirge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to fight | sizsermeşirge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to fight | alasermeşirge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to fight |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | mensermeşirge küreşemeI am trying to fight | sensermeşirge küreşeseyou are trying to fight | olsermeşirge küreşedihe is trying to fight | bizsermeşirge küreşebizwe are trying to fight | sizsermeşirge küreşesizyou all are trying to fight | alasermeşirge küreşedilethey are trying to fight |
| try to | mensermeşirge küreşmeymeI am not trying to fight | sensermeşirge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to fight | olsermeşirge küreşmeydihe is not trying to fight | bizsermeşirge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to fight | sizsermeşirge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to fight | alasermeşirge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to fight |
| agree to | mensermeşirge unaymaI agree to fight | sensermeşirge unaysayou agree to fight | olsermeşirge unaydıhe agrees to fight | bizsermeşirge unaybızwe agree to fight | sizsermeşirge unaysızyou all agree to fight | alasermeşirge unaydılathey agree to fight |
| agree to | mensermeşirge unamaymaI refuse to fight | sensermeşirge unamaysayou refuse to fight | olsermeşirge unamaydıhe refuses to fight | bizsermeşirge unamaybızwe refuse to fight | sizsermeşirge unamaysızyou all refuse to fight | alasermeşirge unamaydılathey refuse to fight |
| hurry to | mensermeşirge aşığamaI am in a hurry to fight | sensermeşirge aşığasayou are in a hurry to fight | olsermeşirge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to fight | bizsermeşirge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to fight | sizsermeşirge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to fight | alasermeşirge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to fight |
| hurry to | mensermeşirge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to fight | sensermeşirge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to fight | olsermeşirge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to fight | bizsermeşirge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to fight | sizsermeşirge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to fight | alasermeşirge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to fight |
| be afraid to | mensermeşirge qorqamaI am afraid to fight | sensermeşirge qorqasayou are afraid to fight | olsermeşirge qorqadıhe is afraid to fight | bizsermeşirge qorqabızwe are afraid to fight | sizsermeşirge qorqasızyou all are afraid to fight | alasermeşirge qorqadılathey are afraid to fight |
| be afraid to | mensermeşirge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to fight | sensermeşirge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to fight | olsermeşirge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to fight | bizsermeşirge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to fight | sizsermeşirge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to fight | alasermeşirge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to fight |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | mensermeşe bolmazmaI can't be fighting | sensermeşe bolmazsayou can't be fighting | olsermeşe bolmazhe can't be fighting | bizsermeşe bolmazbızwe can't be fighting | sizsermeşe bolmazsızyou all can't be fighting | alasermeşe bolmazlathey can't be fighting |
| Inference, present — double negation | mensermeşmey bolmazmaI must be fighting (emphatic) | sensermeşmey bolmazsayou must be fighting (emphatic) | olsermeşmey bolmazhe must be fighting (emphatic) | bizsermeşmey bolmazbızwe must be fighting (emphatic) | sizsermeşmey bolmazsızyou all must be fighting (emphatic) | alasermeşmey bolmazlathey must be fighting (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | mensermeşe turmasamif I don't keep fighting | sensermeşe turmasaŋif you don't keep fighting | olsermeşe turmasaif he doesn't keep fighting | bizsermeşe turmasaqif we don't keep fighting | sizsermeşe turmasağızif you all don't keep fighting | alasermeşe turmasalaif they don't keep fighting |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | mensermeşe tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of fighting | sensermeşe tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of fighting | olsermeşe tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of fighting | bizsermeşe tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of fighting | sizsermeşe tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of fighting | alasermeşe tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of fighting |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | mensermeşmey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not fighting (emphatic) | sensermeşmey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not fighting (emphatic) | olsermeşmey tura bolmazhe must keep on not fighting (emphatic) | bizsermeşmey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not fighting (emphatic) | sizsermeşmey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not fighting (emphatic) | alasermeşmey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not fighting (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | mensermeşmey turamaI keep on not fighting | sensermeşmey turasayou keep on not fighting | olsermeşmey turadıhe keeps on not fighting | bizsermeşmey turabızwe keep on not fighting | sizsermeşmey turasızyou all keep on not fighting | alasermeşmey turadılathey keep on not fighting |
| Progressive — double negation | mensermeşmey turmaymaI am not keeping on not fighting | sensermeşmey turmaysayou are not keeping on not fighting | olsermeşmey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not fighting | bizsermeşmey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not fighting | sizsermeşmey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not fighting | alasermeşmey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not fighting |
| Progressive — double negation | mensermeşmey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not fighting? | sensermeşmey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not fighting? | olsermeşmey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not fighting? | bizsermeşmey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not fighting? | sizsermeşmey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not fighting? | alasermeşmey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not fighting? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | mensermeşgen bolmazmaI can't have fought | sensermeşgen bolmazsayou can't have fought | olsermeşgen bolmazhe can't have fought | bizsermeşgen bolmazbızwe can't have fought | sizsermeşgen bolmazsızyou all can't have fought | alasermeşgen bolmazlathey can't have fought |
| Inference — double negation | mensermeşmegen bolmazmaI must have fought (emphatic) | sensermeşmegen bolmazsayou must have fought (emphatic) | olsermeşmegen bolmazhe must have fought (emphatic) | bizsermeşmegen bolmazbızwe must have fought (emphatic) | sizsermeşmegen bolmazsızyou all must have fought (emphatic) | alasermeşmegen bolmazlathey must have fought (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | mensermeşgen bolmasamif it weren't that I had fought | sensermeşgen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had fought | olsermeşgen bolmasaif it weren't that he had fought | bizsermeşgen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had fought | sizsermeşgen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had fought | alasermeşgen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had fought |
| Counterfactual — double negation | mensermeşmegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't fought | sensermeşmegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't fought | olsermeşmegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't fought | bizsermeşmegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't fought | sizsermeşmegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't fought | alasermeşmegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't fought |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | mensermeşirik bolmazmaI can't be going to fight | sensermeşirik bolmazsayou can't be going to fight | olsermeşirik bolmazhe can't be going to fight | bizsermeşirik bolmazbızwe can't be going to fight | sizsermeşirik bolmazsızyou all can't be going to fight | alasermeşirik bolmazlathey can't be going to fight |
| Inference, future — double negation | mensermeşmezlik bolmazmaI must be going to fight (emphatic) | sensermeşmezlik bolmazsayou must be going to fight (emphatic) | olsermeşmezlik bolmazhe must be going to fight (emphatic) | bizsermeşmezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to fight (emphatic) | sizsermeşmezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to fight (emphatic) | alasermeşmezlik bolmazlathey must be going to fight (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | mensermeşirik bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to fight | sensermeşirik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to fight | olsermeşirik bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to fight | bizsermeşirik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to fight | sizsermeşirik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to fight | alasermeşirik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to fight |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | mensermeşmezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to fight | sensermeşmezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to fight | olsermeşmezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to fight | bizsermeşmezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to fight | sizsermeşmezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to fight | alasermeşmezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to fight |