sekirirge
/sekirirɡe/
1. jump, leap, skip
- örge sekirirge — to jump up
- qayadan sekirirge — to jump from a cliff
- terezeden sekirirge — to jump out of the window
- bir janına sekirdi — jumped to one side
- gebenni üsüne sekirirge — to jump up onto the haystack
- suwçuqdan sekirib öterge — to jump across the stream
- sekirgen ayıb tüldü — jumping is no shame
2. spring at, pounce on, rush at
- it qonaqnı üsüne sekirdi — the dog rushed at the guest
- börü qoynu üsüne sekirdi — the wolf pounced on the sheep
- itni çaldışha tıysaŋ, üsüŋe sekirir — if you shut a dog in a pen, it will spring at you
- üsüme sekirme — do not rush at me
- üsüne sekirirge — to spring at someone
3. run off, escape, elope
- qız sekirgendi — the girl has run off
- türmeden sekirib keterge — to escape from prison
- jaş bla qız sekirgendile — the boy and the girl have eloped
- ol üyünden sekirdi — he ran off from his home
4. jump up, spring up from sitting or lying
- sekirdi jerinden — he jumped up from his place
- sekirib tururğa — to jump to one's feet
- ol töşeginden sekirdi — he sprang up from his bed
- men jerimden sekirdim — I jumped up from my place
5. frolic, gambol, romp about
- qızçıq arbazda sekire aylanadı — the little girl hops about in the yard
- ulaqla arı-beri sekiredile — the kids frolic to and fro
- qozula sekire oynaydıla — the lambs romp about and play
- sabiyle quwanıb sekiredile — the children frolic with joy
- quwanmağan sekirmez — one who is not happy does not frolic
6. twitch or shudder involuntarily
- anı közü sekiredi — his eye twitches
- közüm sekirib turadı — my eye keeps twitching
- anı jayağı sekiredi — his cheek twitches
7. dance with bounding steps
- jaşla tepseydile, sekire — the young men dance, bounding
- qızla sekire tepseydile — the girls dance with bounding steps
- toyda sekire tepsedile — at the wedding they danced with bounding steps
8. bounce, rebound (of an inanimate object)
- tob jerden örge sekiredi — the ball bounces up off the ground
- urçuq örge sekirdi — the spindle bounced up
- qaşıqla örge sekiredile — the spoons bounce up
9. move erratically, dart about, flit to and fro
- ot jarığı qabırğada sekiredi — the firelight darts about the wall
- jarıqla arı-beri sekiredile — the lights dart to and fro
- kölekkele qabırğada sekiredile — the shadows dart about the wall
10. cover, mate with (of male animals)
- qoylağa sekirir zaman jetgendi — the time to cover the sheep has come
- buğa iyneklege sekiredi — the bull covers the cows
- qoçhar qoylağa sekiredi — the ram covers the ewes
Expressions
- başı bla sekirirge — go over someone's head
- otha sekirirge — do anything for someone
- qıznı ızından maqa da sekiredi — every man looks
- sekir, toqmaq, ur, toqmaq — do as I say
Conjugation
Common forms
- sekiredihe is jumping
- sekirdihe jumped
- sekirgendihe has jumped
- sekirirhe will jump
- sekirlikdihe is going to jump
- sekire edihe was jumping
- sekirseif he jumps
- sekir!jump!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensekiremeI am jumping | sensekireseyou are jumping | olsekiredihe is jumping | bizsekirebizwe are jumping | sizsekiresizyou all are jumping | alasekiredilethey are jumping |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensekirmeymeI am not jumping | sensekirmeyseyou are not jumping | olsekirmeydihe is not jumping | bizsekirmeybizwe are not jumping | sizsekirmeysizyou all are not jumping | alasekirmeydilethey are not jumping |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensekirememi? sekiremime?am I jumping? | sensekiremise?are you jumping? | olsekiremidi?is he jumping? | bizsekirebizmi? sekiremibiz?are we jumping? | sizsekiremisiz?are you all jumping? | alasekiremidile?are they jumping? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensekirmeymemi? sekirmeymime?aren't I jumping? | sensekirmeymise?aren't you jumping? | olsekirmeymidi?isn't he jumping? | bizsekirmeybizmi? sekirmeymibiz?aren't we jumping? | sizsekirmeymisiz?aren't you all jumping? | alasekirmeymidile?aren't they jumping? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensekiriwçenmeI usually jump | sensekiriwçenseyou usually jump | olsekiriwçendihe usually jumps | bizsekiriwçenbizwe usually jump | sizsekiriwçensizyou all usually jump | alasekiriwçendilethey usually jump |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensekirmewçenmeI usually don't jump | sensekirmewçenseyou usually don't jump | olsekirmewçendihe usually doesn't jump | bizsekirmewçenbizwe usually don't jump | sizsekirmewçensizyou all usually don't jump | alasekirmewçendilethey usually don't jump |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensekiriwçenmemi? sekiriwçenmime?do I usually jump? | sensekiriwçenmise?do you usually jump? | olsekiriwçenmidi?does he usually jump? | bizsekiriwçenbizmi? sekiriwçenmibiz?do we usually jump? | sizsekiriwçenmisiz?do you all usually jump? | alasekiriwçenmidile?do they usually jump? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensekirmewçenmemi? sekirmewçenmime?do I usually not jump? | sensekirmewçenmise?do you usually not jump? | olsekirmewçenmidi?does he usually not jump? | bizsekirmewçenbizmi? sekirmewçenmibiz?do we usually not jump? | sizsekirmewçenmisiz?do you all usually not jump? | alasekirmewçenmidile?do they usually not jump? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olsekiribdihe has jumped and remains so | alasekiribdilethey have jumped and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olsekiribmidi?has he jumped? | alasekiribmidile?have they jumped? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensekirib turamaI keep jumping | sensekirib turasayou keep jumping | olsekirib turadıhe keeps jumping | bizsekirib turabızwe keep jumping | sizsekirib turasızyou all keep jumping | alasekirib turadılathey keep jumping |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensekirib turmaymaI don't keep jumping | sensekirib turmaysayou don't keep jumping | olsekirib turmaydıhe doesn't keep jumping | bizsekirib turmaybızwe don't keep jumping | sizsekirib turmaysızyou all don't keep jumping | alasekirib turmaydılathey don't keep jumping |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensekirib turamamı? sekirib turamıma?do I keep jumping? | sensekirib turamısa?do you keep jumping? | olsekirib turamıdı?does he keep jumping? | bizsekirib turabızmı? sekirib turamıbız?do we keep jumping? | sizsekirib turamısız?do you all keep jumping? | alasekirib turamıdıla?do they keep jumping? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensekirib turmaymamı? sekirib turmaymıma?don't I keep jumping? | sensekirib turmaymısa?don't you keep jumping? | olsekirib turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep jumping? | bizsekirib turmaybızmı? sekirib turmaymıbız?don't we keep jumping? | sizsekirib turmaymısız?don't you all keep jumping? | alasekirib turmaymıdıla?don't they keep jumping? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensekire turamaI am in the middle of jumping | sensekire turasayou are in the middle of jumping | olsekire turadıhe is in the middle of jumping | bizsekire turabızwe are in the middle of jumping | sizsekire turasızyou all are in the middle of jumping | alasekire turadılathey are in the middle of jumping |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensekire turmaymaI am not in the middle of jumping | sensekire turmaysayou are not in the middle of jumping | olsekire turmaydıhe is not in the middle of jumping | bizsekire turmaybızwe are not in the middle of jumping | sizsekire turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of jumping | alasekire turmaydılathey are not in the middle of jumping |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensekire turamamı? sekire turamıma?am I in the middle of jumping? | sensekire turamısa?are you in the middle of jumping? | olsekire turamıdı?is he in the middle of jumping? | bizsekire turabızmı? sekire turamıbız?are we in the middle of jumping? | sizsekire turamısız?are you all in the middle of jumping? | alasekire turamıdıla?are they in the middle of jumping? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensekire turmaymamı? sekire turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of jumping? | sensekire turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of jumping? | olsekire turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of jumping? | bizsekire turmaybızmı? sekire turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of jumping? | sizsekire turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of jumping? | alasekire turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of jumping? |
| Simple past (definite) | mensekirdimI jumped | sensekirdiŋyou jumped | olsekirdihe jumped | bizsekirdikwe jumped | sizsekirdigizyou all jumped | alasekirdilethey jumped |
| Simple past (definite) | mensekirmedimI didn't jump | sensekirmediŋyou didn't jump | olsekirmedihe didn't jump | bizsekirmedikwe didn't jump | sizsekirmedigizyou all didn't jump | alasekirmedilethey didn't jump |
| Simple past (definite) | mensekirdimmi?did I jump? | sensekirdiŋmi?did you jump? | olsekirdimi?did he jump? | bizsekirdikmi?did we jump? | sizsekirdigizmi?did you all jump? | alasekirdilemi?did they jump? |
| Simple past (definite) | mensekirmedimmi?didn't I jump? | sensekirmediŋmi?didn't you jump? | olsekirmedimi?didn't he jump? | bizsekirmedikmi?didn't we jump? | sizsekirmedigizmi?didn't you all jump? | alasekirmedilemi?didn't they jump? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensekirgenmeI have jumped | sensekirgenseyou have jumped | olsekirgendihe has jumped | bizsekirgenbizwe have jumped | sizsekirgensizyou all have jumped | alasekirgendilethey have jumped |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensekirmegenmeI haven't jumped | sensekirmegenseyou haven't jumped | olsekirmegendihe hasn't jumped | bizsekirmegenbizwe haven't jumped | sizsekirmegensizyou all haven't jumped | alasekirmegendilethey haven't jumped |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensekirgenmemi? sekirgenmime?have I jumped? | sensekirgenmise?have you jumped? | olsekirgenmidi?has he jumped? | bizsekirgenbizmi? sekirgenmibiz?have we jumped? | sizsekirgenmisiz?have you all jumped? | alasekirgenmidile?have they jumped? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensekirmegenmemi? sekirmegenmime?haven't I jumped? | sensekirmegenmise?haven't you jumped? | olsekirmegenmidi?hasn't he jumped? | bizsekirmegenbizmi? sekirmegenmibiz?haven't we jumped? | sizsekirmegenmisiz?haven't you all jumped? | alasekirmegenmidile?haven't they jumped? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mensekirib turdumI kept jumping | sensekirib turduŋyou kept jumping | olsekirib turduhe kept jumping | bizsekirib turduqwe kept jumping | sizsekirib turduğuzyou all kept jumping | alasekirib turdulathey kept jumping |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mensekirib turmadımI didn't keep jumping | sensekirib turmadıŋyou didn't keep jumping | olsekirib turmadıhe didn't keep jumping | bizsekirib turmadıqwe didn't keep jumping | sizsekirib turmadığızyou all didn't keep jumping | alasekirib turmadılathey didn't keep jumping |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensekirirmeI will jump | sensekirirseyou will jump | olsekirirhe will jump | bizsekirirbizwe will jump | sizsekirirsizyou all will jump | alasekirirlethey will jump |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensekirmezmeI won't jump | sensekirmezseyou won't jump | olsekirmezhe won't jump | bizsekirmezbizwe won't jump | sizsekirmezsizyou all won't jump | alasekirmezlethey won't jump |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensekirirmemi? sekirirmime?will I jump? | sensekirirmise?will you jump? | olsekirirmi?will he jump? | bizsekirirbizmi? sekirirmibiz?will we jump? | sizsekirirmisiz?will you all jump? | alasekirirlemi? sekirirmile?will they jump? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensekirmezmemi? sekirmezmime?won't I jump? | sensekirmezmise?won't you jump? | olsekirmezmi?won't he jump? | bizsekirmezbizmi? sekirmezmibiz?won't we jump? | sizsekirmezmisiz?won't you all jump? | alasekirmezlemi? sekirmezmile?won't they jump? |
| Definite future (future II) | mensekirlikme1sekirrikmeI am going to jump | sensekirlikse1sekirrikseyou are going to jump | olsekirlikdi1sekirrikdihe is going to jump | bizsekirlikbiz1sekirrikbizwe are going to jump | sizsekirliksiz1sekirriksizyou all are going to jump | alasekirlikdile1sekirrikdilethey are going to jump |
| Definite future (future II) | mensekirlik tülme1sekirrik tülmeI am not going to jump | sensekirlik tülse1sekirrik tülseyou are not going to jump | olsekirlik tüldü1sekirrik tüldühe is not going to jump | bizsekirlik tülbüz1sekirrik tülbüzwe are not going to jump | sizsekirlik tülsüz1sekirrik tülsüzyou all are not going to jump | alasekirlik tüldüle1sekirrik tüldülethey are not going to jump |
| Definite future (future II) | mensekirlikmemi?1 sekirlikmime?sekirrikmemi?am I going to jump? | sensekirlikmise?1sekirrikmise?are you going to jump? | olsekirlikmidi?1sekirrikmidi?is he going to jump? | bizsekirlikbizmi?1 sekirlikmibiz?sekirrikbizmi?are we going to jump? | sizsekirlikmisiz?1sekirrikmisiz?are you all going to jump? | alasekirlikmidile?1sekirrikmidile?are they going to jump? |
| Definite future (future II) | mensekirlik tülmüme?1sekirrik tülmüme?aren't I going to jump? | sensekirlik tülmüse?1sekirrik tülmüse?aren't you going to jump? | olsekirlik tülmüdü?1sekirrik tülmüdü?isn't he going to jump? | bizsekirlik tülmübüz?1sekirrik tülmübüz?aren't we going to jump? | sizsekirlik tülmüsüz?1sekirrik tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to jump? | alasekirlik tülmüdüle?1sekirrik tülmüdüle?aren't they going to jump? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Definite future (future II)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so sekirrikdi
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mensekirgen edimsekirgenemI had jumped | sensekirgen ediŋsekirgeneŋyou had jumped | olsekirgen edisekirgenedhe had jumped | bizsekirgen ediksekirgenekwe had jumped | sizsekirgen edigizsekirgenegizyou all had jumped | alasekirgen edilesekirgenellethey had jumped |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mensekirmegen edimsekirmegenemI hadn't jumped | sensekirmegen ediŋsekirmegeneŋyou hadn't jumped | olsekirmegen edisekirmegenedhe hadn't jumped | bizsekirmegen ediksekirmegenekwe hadn't jumped | sizsekirmegen edigizsekirmegenegizyou all hadn't jumped | alasekirmegen edilesekirmegenellethey hadn't jumped |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mensekire edimsekiremI was jumping | sensekire ediŋsekireŋyou were jumping | olsekire edisekiredhe was jumping | bizsekire ediksekirekwe were jumping | sizsekire edigizsekiregizyou all were jumping | alasekire edilesekirellethey were jumping |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mensekirmey edimsekirmeyemI wasn't jumping | sensekirmey ediŋsekirmeyeŋyou weren't jumping | olsekirmey edisekirmeyedhe wasn't jumping | bizsekirmey ediksekirmeyekwe weren't jumping | sizsekirmey edigizsekirmeyegizyou all weren't jumping | alasekirmey edilesekirmeyellethey weren't jumping |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | mensekiriwçen edimsekiriwçenemI used to jump | sensekiriwçen ediŋsekiriwçeneŋyou used to jump | olsekiriwçen edisekiriwçenedhe used to jump | bizsekiriwçen ediksekiriwçenekwe used to jump | sizsekiriwçen edigizsekiriwçenegizyou all used to jump | alasekiriwçen edilesekiriwçenellethey used to jump |
| Habitual past (used to) | mensekirmewçen edimsekirmewçenemI didn't use to jump | sensekirmewçen ediŋsekirmewçeneŋyou didn't use to jump | olsekirmewçen edisekirmewçenedhe didn't use to jump | bizsekirmewçen ediksekirmewçenekwe didn't use to jump | sizsekirmewçen edigizsekirmewçenegizyou all didn't use to jump | alasekirmewçen edilesekirmewçenellethey didn't use to jump |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olsekirib edihe had jumped and remained so | alasekirib edilethey had jumped and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olsekirib tül edihe hadn't jumped | alasekirib tül edilethey hadn't jumped | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mensekirib tura edimsekirib turaemI had kept jumping | sensekirib tura ediŋsekirib turaeŋyou had kept jumping | olsekirib tura edisekirib turaedhe had kept jumping | bizsekirib tura ediksekirib turaekwe had kept jumping | sizsekirib tura edigizsekirib turaegizyou all had kept jumping | alasekirib tura edilesekirib turaellethey had kept jumping |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mensekirib turmay edimsekirib turmayemI hadn't kept jumping | sensekirib turmay ediŋsekirib turmayeŋyou hadn't kept jumping | olsekirib turmay edisekirib turmayedhe hadn't kept jumping | bizsekirib turmay ediksekirib turmayekwe hadn't kept jumping | sizsekirib turmay edigizsekirib turmayegizyou all hadn't kept jumping | alasekirib turmay edilesekirib turmayellethey hadn't kept jumping |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mensekire tura edimsekire turaemI was in the middle of jumping | sensekire tura ediŋsekire turaeŋyou were in the middle of jumping | olsekire tura edisekire turaedhe was in the middle of jumping | bizsekire tura ediksekire turaekwe were in the middle of jumping | sizsekire tura edigizsekire turaegizyou all were in the middle of jumping | alasekire tura edilesekire turaellethey were in the middle of jumping |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mensekire turmay edimsekire turmayemI wasn't in the middle of jumping | sensekire turmay ediŋsekire turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of jumping | olsekire turmay edisekire turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of jumping | bizsekire turmay ediksekire turmayekwe weren't in the middle of jumping | sizsekire turmay edigizsekire turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of jumping | alasekire turmay edilesekire turmayellethey weren't in the middle of jumping |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | mensekirir edimsekirir emI would jump | sensekirir ediŋsekirir eŋyou would jump | olsekirir edisekirir edhe would jump | bizsekirir ediksekirir ekwe would jump | sizsekirir edigizsekirir egizyou all would jump | alasekirir edilesekirir ellethey would jump |
| Conditional result (would) | mensekirmez edimsekirmez emI wouldn't jump | sensekirmez ediŋsekirmez eŋyou wouldn't jump | olsekirmez edisekirmez edhe wouldn't jump | bizsekirmez ediksekirmez ekwe wouldn't jump | sizsekirmez edigizsekirmez egizyou all wouldn't jump | alasekirmez edilesekirmez ellethey wouldn't jump |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | mensekirlik edim2sekirlik emsekirrik edimI would have jumped | sensekirlik ediŋ2sekirlik eŋsekirrik ediŋyou would have jumped | olsekirlik edi2sekirlik edsekirrik edihe would have jumped | bizsekirlik edik2sekirlik eksekirrik edikwe would have jumped | sizsekirlik edigiz2sekirlik egizsekirrik edigizyou all would have jumped | alasekirlik edile2sekirlik ellesekirrik edilethey would have jumped |
| Past conditional result (would have) | mensekirlik tül edim2sekirlik tül emsekirrik tül edimI wouldn't have jumped | sensekirlik tül ediŋ2sekirlik tül eŋsekirrik tül ediŋyou wouldn't have jumped | olsekirlik tül edi2sekirlik tül edsekirrik tül edihe wouldn't have jumped | bizsekirlik tül edik2sekirlik tül eksekirrik tül edikwe wouldn't have jumped | sizsekirlik tül edigiz2sekirlik tül egizsekirrik tül edigizyou all wouldn't have jumped | alasekirlik tül edile2sekirlik tül ellesekirrik tül edilethey wouldn't have jumped |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
- Past conditional result (would have)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so sekirrik edi
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | mensekirsemif I jump | sensekirseŋif you jump | olsekirseif he jumps | bizsekirsekif we jump | sizsekirsegizif you all jump | alasekirseleif they jump |
| Conditional | mensekirmesemif I don't jump | sensekirmeseŋif you don't jump | olsekirmeseif he doesn't jump | bizsekirmesekif we don't jump | sizsekirmesegizif you all don't jump | alasekirmeseleif they don't jump |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | mensekire esemif I am jumping | sensekire eseŋif you are jumping | olsekire eseif he is jumping | bizsekire esekif we are jumping | sizsekire esegizif you all are jumping | alasekire eseleif they are jumping |
| Conditional, present real | mensekirmey esemif I am not jumping | sensekirmey eseŋif you are not jumping | olsekirmey eseif he is not jumping | bizsekirmey esekif we are not jumping | sizsekirmey esegizif you all are not jumping | alasekirmey eseleif they are not jumping |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mensekirsem edisekirsem edif only I jumped | sensekirseŋ edisekirseŋ edif only you jumped | olsekirse edisekirsedif only he jumped | bizsekirsek edisekirsek edif only we jumped | sizsekirsegiz edisekirsegiz edif only you all jumped | alasekirsele edisekirseledif only they jumped |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mensekirmesem edisekirmesem edif only I didn't jump | sensekirmeseŋ edisekirmeseŋ edif only you didn't jump | olsekirmese edisekirmesedif only he didn't jump | bizsekirmesek edisekirmesek edif only we didn't jump | sizsekirmesegiz edisekirmesegiz edif only you all didn't jump | alasekirmesele edisekirmeseledif only they didn't jump |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | mensekirib tursamif I carry on jumping | sensekirib tursaŋif you carry on jumping | olsekirib tursaif he carries on jumping | bizsekirib tursaqif we carry on jumping | sizsekirib tursağızif you all carry on jumping | alasekirib tursalaif they carry on jumping |
| Durative conditional | mensekirib turmasamif I don't carry on jumping | sensekirib turmasaŋif you don't carry on jumping | olsekirib turmasaif he doesn't carry on jumping | bizsekirib turmasaqif we don't carry on jumping | sizsekirib turmasağızif you all don't carry on jumping | alasekirib turmasalaif they don't carry on jumping |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | mensekirib tura esemif I have kept jumping | sensekirib tura eseŋif you have kept jumping | olsekirib tura eseif he has kept jumping | bizsekirib tura esekif we have kept jumping | sizsekirib tura esegizif you all have kept jumping | alasekirib tura eseleif they have kept jumping |
| Durative conditional, present real | mensekirib turmay esemif I haven't kept jumping | sensekirib turmay eseŋif you haven't kept jumping | olsekirib turmay eseif he hasn't kept jumping | bizsekirib turmay esekif we haven't kept jumping | sizsekirib turmay esegizif you all haven't kept jumping | alasekirib turmay eseleif they haven't kept jumping |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | mensekire tursamif I keep jumping | sensekire tursaŋif you keep jumping | olsekire tursaif he keeps jumping | bizsekire tursaqif we keep jumping | sizsekire tursağızif you all keep jumping | alasekire tursalaif they keep jumping |
| Progressive conditional | mensekirmey tursamif I keep on not jumping | sensekirmey tursaŋif you keep on not jumping | olsekirmey tursaif he keeps on not jumping | bizsekirmey tursaqif we keep on not jumping | sizsekirmey tursağızif you all keep on not jumping | alasekirmey tursalaif they keep on not jumping |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | mensekire tura esemif I am in the middle of jumping | sensekire tura eseŋif you are in the middle of jumping | olsekire tura eseif he is in the middle of jumping | bizsekire tura esekif we are in the middle of jumping | sizsekire tura esegizif you all are in the middle of jumping | alasekire tura eseleif they are in the middle of jumping |
| Progressive conditional, present real | mensekirmey tura esemif I keep on not jumping | sensekirmey tura eseŋif you keep on not jumping | olsekirmey tura eseif he keeps on not jumping | bizsekirmey tura esekif we keep on not jumping | sizsekirmey tura esegizif you all keep on not jumping | alasekirmey tura eseleif they keep on not jumping |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past3 | mensekirdim esemif I jumped | sensekirdiŋ eseŋif you jumped | olsekirdi eseif he jumped | bizsekirdik esekif we jumped | sizsekirdigiz esegizif you all jumped | alasekirdile eseleif they jumped |
| Conditional, definite past3 | mensekirmedim esemif I didn't jump | sensekirmediŋ eseŋif you didn't jump | olsekirmedi eseif he didn't jump | bizsekirmedik esekif we didn't jump | sizsekirmedigiz esegizif you all didn't jump | alasekirmedile eseleif they didn't jump |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | mensekirgen esemif I did jump (indeed) | sensekirgen eseŋif you did jump (indeed) | olsekirgen eseif he did jump (indeed) | bizsekirgen esekif we did jump (indeed) | sizsekirgen esegizif you all did jump (indeed) | alasekirgen eseleif they did jump (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | mensekirmegen esemif I didn't jump (indeed) | sensekirmegen eseŋif you didn't jump (indeed) | olsekirmegen eseif he didn't jump (indeed) | bizsekirmegen esekif we didn't jump (indeed) | sizsekirmegen esegizif you all didn't jump (indeed) | alasekirmegen eseleif they didn't jump (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | mensekirgen bolsamif I had jumped | sensekirgen bolsaŋif you had jumped | olsekirgen bolsaif he had jumped | bizsekirgen bolsaqif we had jumped | sizsekirgen bolsağızif you all had jumped | alasekirgen bolsalaif they had jumped |
| Conditional, counterfactual | mensekirmegen bolsamif I hadn't jumped | sensekirmegen bolsaŋif you hadn't jumped | olsekirmegen bolsaif he hadn't jumped | bizsekirmegen bolsaqif we hadn't jumped | sizsekirmegen bolsağızif you all hadn't jumped | alasekirmegen bolsalaif they hadn't jumped |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mensekirgen bolsam edisekirgen bolsam edif only I had jumped | sensekirgen bolsaŋ edisekirgen bolsaŋ edif only you had jumped | olsekirgen bolsa edisekirgen bolsaedif only he had jumped | bizsekirgen bolsaq edisekirgen bolsaq edif only we had jumped | sizsekirgen bolsağız edisekirgen bolsağız edif only you all had jumped | alasekirgen bolsala edisekirgen bolsalaedif only they had jumped |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mensekirmegen bolsam edisekirmegen bolsam edif only I hadn't jumped | sensekirmegen bolsaŋ edisekirmegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't jumped | olsekirmegen bolsa edisekirmegen bolsaedif only he hadn't jumped | bizsekirmegen bolsaq edisekirmegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't jumped | sizsekirmegen bolsağız edisekirmegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't jumped | alasekirmegen bolsala edisekirmegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't jumped |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | mensekirir esemif I will jump | sensekirir eseŋif you will jump | olsekirir eseif he will jump | bizsekirir esekif we will jump | sizsekirir esegizif you all will jump | alasekirir eseleif they will jump |
| Conditional, aorist | mensekirmez esemif I won't jump | sensekirmez eseŋif you won't jump | olsekirmez eseif he won't jump | bizsekirmez esekif we won't jump | sizsekirmez esegizif you all won't jump | alasekirmez eseleif they won't jump |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | mensekirlik esem4sekirrik esemif I am going to jump | sensekirlik eseŋ4sekirrik eseŋif you are going to jump | olsekirlik ese4sekirrik eseif he is going to jump | bizsekirlik esek4sekirrik esekif we are going to jump | sizsekirlik esegiz4sekirrik esegizif you all are going to jump | alasekirlik esele4sekirrik eseleif they are going to jump |
| Conditional, future | mensekirlik tül esem4sekirrik tül esemif I am not going to jump | sensekirlik tül eseŋ4sekirrik tül eseŋif you are not going to jump | olsekirlik tül ese4sekirrik tül eseif he is not going to jump | bizsekirlik tül esek4sekirrik tül esekif we are not going to jump | sizsekirlik tül esegiz4sekirrik tül esegizif you all are not going to jump | alasekirlik tül esele4sekirrik tül eseleif they are not going to jump |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mensekirlik bolsam5sekirrik bolsamif I were going to jump | sensekirlik bolsaŋ5sekirrik bolsaŋif you were going to jump | olsekirlik bolsa5sekirrik bolsaif he were going to jump | bizsekirlik bolsaq5sekirrik bolsaqif we were going to jump | sizsekirlik bolsağız5sekirrik bolsağızif you all were going to jump | alasekirlik bolsala5sekirrik bolsalaif they were going to jump |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mensekirmezlik bolsamif I were not going to jump | sensekirmezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to jump | olsekirmezlik bolsaif he were not going to jump | bizsekirmezlik bolsaqif we were not going to jump | sizsekirmezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to jump | alasekirmezlik bolsalaif they were not going to jump |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso sekirdiŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
- Conditional, futurespoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so sekirrik ese
- Conditional, counterfactual futurespoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so sekirrik bolsa
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mensekire bolurmaI must be jumping | sensekire bolursayou must be jumping | olsekire bolurhe must be jumping | bizsekire bolurbuzwe must be jumping | sizsekire bolursuzyou all must be jumping | alasekire bolurlathey must be jumping |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mensekirmey bolurmaI must not be jumping | sensekirmey bolursayou must not be jumping | olsekirmey bolurhe must not be jumping | bizsekirmey bolurbuzwe must not be jumping | sizsekirmey bolursuzyou all must not be jumping | alasekirmey bolurlathey must not be jumping |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mensekire tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of jumping | sensekire tura bolursayou must be in the middle of jumping | olsekire tura bolurhe must be in the middle of jumping | bizsekire tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of jumping | sizsekire tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of jumping | alasekire tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of jumping |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mensekirmey tura bolurmaI must keep on not jumping | sensekirmey tura bolursayou must keep on not jumping | olsekirmey tura bolurhe must keep on not jumping | bizsekirmey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not jumping | sizsekirmey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not jumping | alasekirmey tura bolurlathey must keep on not jumping |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | mensekirgen bolurmaI must have jumped | sensekirgen bolursayou must have jumped | olsekirgen bolurhe must have jumped | bizsekirgen bolurbuzwe must have jumped | sizsekirgen bolursuzyou all must have jumped | alasekirgen bolurlathey must have jumped |
| Inference (must have) | mensekirmegen bolurmaI must not have jumped | sensekirmegen bolursayou must not have jumped | olsekirmegen bolurhe must not have jumped | bizsekirmegen bolurbuzwe must not have jumped | sizsekirmegen bolursuzyou all must not have jumped | alasekirmegen bolurlathey must not have jumped |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mensekirlik bolurma6sekirrik bolurmaI must be going to jump | sensekirlik bolursa6sekirrik bolursayou must be going to jump | olsekirlik bolur6sekirrik bolurhe must be going to jump | bizsekirlik bolurbuz6sekirrik bolurbuzwe must be going to jump | sizsekirlik bolursuz6sekirrik bolursuzyou all must be going to jump | alasekirlik bolurla6sekirrik bolurlathey must be going to jump |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mensekirmezlik bolurmaI must not be going to jump | sensekirmezlik bolursayou must not be going to jump | olsekirmezlik bolurhe must not be going to jump | bizsekirmezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to jump | sizsekirmezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to jump | alasekirmezlik bolurlathey must not be going to jump |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Inference, future (must be going to)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so sekirrik bolur
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | mensekireyimlet me jump | sensekir!jump! | olsekirsinlet him jump | bizsekireyiklet's jump | sizsekirigiz!jump, you all! | alasekirsinlelet them jump |
| Commands & suggestions | mensekirmeyimlet me not jump | sensekirme!don't jump! | olsekirmesinlet him not jump | bizsekirmeyiklet's not jump | sizsekirmegiz!don't jump, you all! | alasekirmesinlelet them not jump |
| Commands & suggestions | mensekireyimmi?shall I jump? | olsekirsinmi?should he jump? | bizsekireyikmi?shall we jump? | alasekirsinlemi?should they jump? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | mensekirmeyimmi?shall I not jump? | olsekirmesinmi?should he not jump? | bizsekirmeyikmi?shall we not jump? | alasekirmesinlemi?should they not jump? | ||
| Requests | sensekirçi7sekirçinplease jump | olsekirsinçido let him jump | sizsekirçigizplease jump (plural/polite) | alasekirsinleçido let them jump | ||
| Requests | sensekirmeçi7sekirmeçinplease don't jump | olsekirmesinçido let him not jump | sizsekirmeçigizplease don't jump (plural/polite) | alasekirmesinleçido let them not jump | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sensekirginsekirgimay you jump | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sensekirmeginsekirmegimay you not jump | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mensekirgey edim sekirge edimwould that I jumped | sensekirgey ediŋ sekirge ediŋwould that you jumped | olsekirgey edi sekirge ediwould that he jumped | bizsekirgey edik sekirge edikwould that we jumped | sizsekirgey edigiz sekirge edigizwould that you all jumped | alasekirgey edile sekirge edilewould that they jumped |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mensekirmegey edim sekirmege edimwould that I did not jump | sensekirmegey ediŋ sekirmege ediŋwould that you did not jump | olsekirmegey edi sekirmege ediwould that he did not jump | bizsekirmegey edik sekirmege edikwould that we did not jump | sizsekirmegey edigiz sekirmege edigizwould that you all did not jump | alasekirmegey edile sekirmege edilewould that they did not jump |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | mensekirmege qoyayımsekirme qoyayımlet me allow someone to jump | sensekirmege qoy!sekirme qoy!let someone jump! | olsekirmege qoysunsekirme qoysunlet him allow someone to jump | bizsekirmege qoyayıqsekirme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to jump | sizsekirmege qoyuğuz!sekirme qoyuğuz!let someone jump, you all! | alasekirmege qoysunlasekirme qoysunlalet them allow someone to jump |
| Let someone… (commands) | mensekirmege qoymayımsekirme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to jump | sensekirmege qoyma!sekirme qoyma!don't let someone jump! | olsekirmege qoymasınsekirme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to jump | bizsekirmege qoymayıqsekirme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to jump | sizsekirmege qoymağız!sekirme qoymağız!don't let someone jump, you all! | alasekirmege qoymasınlasekirme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to jump |
| Let someone… (commands) | mensekirmege qoyayımmı?sekirme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to jump? | olsekirmege qoysunmu?sekirme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to jump? | bizsekirmege qoyayıqmı?sekirme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to jump? | alasekirmege qoysunlamı?sekirme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to jump? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | mensekirmege qoymayımmı?sekirme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to jump? | olsekirmege qoymasınmı?sekirme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to jump? | bizsekirmege qoymayıqmı?sekirme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to jump? | alasekirmege qoymasınlamı?sekirme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to jump? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | mensekirmege qoyamasekirme qoyamaI allow someone to jump | sensekirmege qoyasasekirme qoyasayou allow someone to jump | olsekirmege qoyadısekirme qoyadıhe allows someone to jump | bizsekirmege qoyabızsekirme qoyabızwe allow someone to jump | sizsekirmege qoyasızsekirme qoyasızyou all allow someone to jump | alasekirmege qoyadılasekirme qoyadılathey allow someone to jump |
| Let someone… (present) | mensekirmege qoymaymasekirme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to jump | sensekirmege qoymaysasekirme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to jump | olsekirmege qoymaydısekirme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to jump | bizsekirmege qoymaybızsekirme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to jump | sizsekirmege qoymaysızsekirme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to jump | alasekirmege qoymaydılasekirme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to jump |
| Let someone… (present) | mensekirmege qoyamamı?sekirme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to jump? | sensekirmege qoyamısa?sekirme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to jump? | olsekirmege qoyamıdı?sekirme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to jump? | bizsekirmege qoyabızmı?sekirme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to jump? | sizsekirmege qoyamısız?sekirme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to jump? | alasekirmege qoyamıdıla?sekirme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to jump? |
| Let someone… (present) | mensekirmege qoymaymamı?sekirme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to jump? | sensekirmege qoymaymısa?sekirme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to jump? | olsekirmege qoymaymıdı?sekirme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to jump? | bizsekirmege qoymaybızmı?sekirme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to jump? | sizsekirmege qoymaymısız?sekirme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to jump? | alasekirmege qoymaymıdıla?sekirme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to jump? |
| Let someone… (past) | mensekirmege qoydumsekirme qoydumI allowed someone to jump | sensekirmege qoyduŋsekirme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to jump | olsekirmege qoydusekirme qoyduhe allowed someone to jump | bizsekirmege qoyduqsekirme qoyduqwe allowed someone to jump | sizsekirmege qoyduğuzsekirme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to jump | alasekirmege qoydulasekirme qoydulathey allowed someone to jump |
| Let someone… (past) | mensekirmege qoymadımsekirme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to jump | sensekirmege qoymadıŋsekirme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to jump | olsekirmege qoymadısekirme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to jump | bizsekirmege qoymadıqsekirme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to jump | sizsekirmege qoymadığızsekirme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to jump | alasekirmege qoymadılasekirme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to jump |
| Let someone… (past) | mensekirmege qoydummu?sekirme qoydummu?did I allow someone to jump? | sensekirmege qoyduŋmu?sekirme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to jump? | olsekirmege qoydumu?sekirme qoydumu?did he allow someone to jump? | bizsekirmege qoyduqmu?sekirme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to jump? | sizsekirmege qoyduğuzmu?sekirme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to jump? | alasekirmege qoydulamı?sekirme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to jump? |
| Let someone… (past) | mensekirmege qoymadımmı?sekirme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to jump? | sensekirmege qoymadıŋmı?sekirme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to jump? | olsekirmege qoymadımı?sekirme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to jump? | bizsekirmege qoymadıqmı?sekirme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to jump? | sizsekirmege qoymadığızmı?sekirme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to jump? | alasekirmege qoymadılamı?sekirme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to jump? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | mensekiralamaI can jump | sensekiralasayou can jump | olsekiraladıhe can jump | bizsekiralabızwe can jump | sizsekiralasızyou all can jump | alasekiraladılathey can jump |
| Ability — present | mensekiralmaymaI can't jump | sensekiralmaysayou can't jump | olsekiralmaydıhe can't jump | bizsekiralmaybızwe can't jump | sizsekiralmaysızyou all can't jump | alasekiralmaydılathey can't jump |
| Ability — present | mensekiralamamı? sekiralamıma?can I jump? | sensekiralamısa?can you jump? | olsekiralamıdı?can he jump? | bizsekiralabızmı? sekiralamıbız?can we jump? | sizsekiralamısız?can you all jump? | alasekiralamıdıla?can they jump? |
| Ability — present | mensekiralmaymamı? sekiralmaymıma?can't I jump? | sensekiralmaymısa?can't you jump? | olsekiralmaymıdı?can't he jump? | bizsekiralmaybızmı? sekiralmaymıbız?can't we jump? | sizsekiralmaymısız?can't you all jump? | alasekiralmaymıdıla?can't they jump? |
| Ability — if I can… | mensekiralsamif I can jump | sensekiralsaŋif you can jump | olsekiralsaif he can jump | bizsekiralsaqif we can jump | sizsekiralsağızif you all can jump | alasekiralsalaif they can jump |
| Ability — if I can… | mensekiralmasamif I can't jump | sensekiralmasaŋif you can't jump | olsekiralmasaif he can't jump | bizsekiralmasaqif we can't jump | sizsekiralmasağızif you all can't jump | alasekiralmasalaif they can't jump |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | mensekiraldımI was able to jump | sensekiraldıŋyou were able to jump | olsekiraldıhe was able to jump | bizsekiraldıqwe were able to jump | sizsekiraldığızyou all were able to jump | alasekiraldılathey were able to jump |
| Ability — simple past | mensekiralmadımI could not jump | sensekiralmadıŋyou could not jump | olsekiralmadıhe could not jump | bizsekiralmadıqwe could not jump | sizsekiralmadığızyou all could not jump | alasekiralmadılathey could not jump |
| Ability — simple past | mensekiraldımmı?was I able to jump? | sensekiraldıŋmı?were you able to jump? | olsekiraldımı?was he able to jump? | bizsekiraldıqmı?were we able to jump? | sizsekiraldığızmı?were you all able to jump? | alasekiraldılamı?were they able to jump? |
| Ability — simple past | mensekiralmadımmı?couldn't I jump? | sensekiralmadıŋmı?couldn't you jump? | olsekiralmadımı?couldn't he jump? | bizsekiralmadıqmı?couldn't we jump? | sizsekiralmadığızmı?couldn't you all jump? | alasekiralmadılamı?couldn't they jump? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensekiralğanmaI have been able to jump | sensekiralğansayou have been able to jump | olsekiralğandıhe has been able to jump | bizsekiralğanbızwe have been able to jump | sizsekiralğansızyou all have been able to jump | alasekiralğandılathey have been able to jump |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensekiralmağanmaI haven't been able to jump | sensekiralmağansayou haven't been able to jump | olsekiralmağandıhe hasn't been able to jump | bizsekiralmağanbızwe haven't been able to jump | sizsekiralmağansızyou all haven't been able to jump | alasekiralmağandılathey haven't been able to jump |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensekiralğanmamı? sekiralğanmıma?have I been able to jump? | sensekiralğanmısa?have you been able to jump? | olsekiralğanmıdı?has he been able to jump? | bizsekiralğanbızmı? sekiralğanmıbız?have we been able to jump? | sizsekiralğanmısız?have you all been able to jump? | alasekiralğanmıdıla?have they been able to jump? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensekiralmağanmamı? sekiralmağanmıma?haven't I been able to jump? | sensekiralmağanmısa?haven't you been able to jump? | olsekiralmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to jump? | bizsekiralmağanbızmı? sekiralmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to jump? | sizsekiralmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to jump? | alasekiralmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to jump? |
| Ability — past perfect | mensekiralğan edimsekiralğanemI had been able to jump | sensekiralğan ediŋsekiralğaneŋyou had been able to jump | olsekiralğan edisekiralğanedhe had been able to jump | bizsekiralğan ediksekiralğanekwe had been able to jump | sizsekiralğan edigizsekiralğanegizyou all had been able to jump | alasekiralğan edilesekiralğanellethey had been able to jump |
| Ability — past perfect | mensekiralmağan edimsekiralmağanemI hadn't been able to jump | sensekiralmağan ediŋsekiralmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to jump | olsekiralmağan edisekiralmağanedhe hadn't been able to jump | bizsekiralmağan ediksekiralmağanekwe hadn't been able to jump | sizsekiralmağan edigizsekiralmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to jump | alasekiralmağan edilesekiralmağanellethey hadn't been able to jump |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | mensekirala edimsekiralaemI could jump | sensekirala ediŋsekiralaeŋyou could jump | olsekirala edisekiralaedhe could jump | bizsekirala ediksekiralaekwe could jump | sizsekirala edigizsekiralaegizyou all could jump | alasekirala edilesekiralaellethey could jump |
| Ability — past background | mensekiralmay edimsekiralmayemI could not jump | sensekiralmay ediŋsekiralmayeŋyou could not jump | olsekiralmay edisekiralmayedhe could not jump | bizsekiralmay ediksekiralmayekwe could not jump | sizsekiralmay edigizsekiralmayegizyou all could not jump | alasekiralmay edilesekiralmayellethey could not jump |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | mensekiralırmaI will be able to jump | sensekiralırsayou will be able to jump | olsekiralırhe will be able to jump | bizsekiralırbızwe will be able to jump | sizsekiralırsızyou all will be able to jump | alasekiralırlathey will be able to jump |
| Ability — future I | mensekiralmazmaI won't be able to jump | sensekiralmazsayou won't be able to jump | olsekiralmazhe won't be able to jump | bizsekiralmazbızwe won't be able to jump | sizsekiralmazsızyou all won't be able to jump | alasekiralmazlathey won't be able to jump |
| Ability — future I | mensekiralırmamı? sekiralırmıma?will I be able to jump? | sensekiralırmısa?will you be able to jump? | olsekiralırmı?will he be able to jump? | bizsekiralırbızmı? sekiralırmıbız?will we be able to jump? | sizsekiralırmısız?will you all be able to jump? | alasekiralırlamı? sekiralırmıla?will they be able to jump? |
| Ability — future I | mensekiralmazmamı? sekiralmazmıma?won't I be able to jump? | sensekiralmazmısa?won't you be able to jump? | olsekiralmazmı?won't he be able to jump? | bizsekiralmazbızmı? sekiralmazmıbız?won't we be able to jump? | sizsekiralmazmısız?won't you all be able to jump? | alasekiralmazlamı? sekiralmazmıla?won't they be able to jump? |
| Ability — future II | mensekirallıqmaI am going to be able to jump | sensekirallıqsayou are going to be able to jump | olsekirallıqdıhe is going to be able to jump | bizsekirallıqbızwe are going to be able to jump | sizsekirallıqsızyou all are going to be able to jump | alasekirallıqdılathey are going to be able to jump |
| Ability — future II | mensekirallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to jump | sensekirallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to jump | olsekirallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to jump | bizsekirallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to jump | sizsekirallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to jump | alasekirallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to jump |
| Ability — future II | mensekirallıqmamı? sekirallıqmıma?am I going to be able to jump? | sensekirallıqmısa?are you going to be able to jump? | olsekirallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to jump? | bizsekirallıqbızmı? sekirallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to jump? | sizsekirallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to jump? | alasekirallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to jump? |
| Ability — future II | mensekirallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to jump? | sensekirallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to jump? | olsekirallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to jump? | bizsekirallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to jump? | sizsekirallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to jump? | alasekirallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to jump? |
| Ability — would be able to… | mensekiralır edimsekiralır emI would be able to jump | sensekiralır ediŋsekiralır eŋyou would be able to jump | olsekiralır edisekiralır edhe would be able to jump | bizsekiralır ediksekiralır ekwe would be able to jump | sizsekiralır edigizsekiralır egizyou all would be able to jump | alasekiralır edilesekiralır ellethey would be able to jump |
| Ability — would be able to… | mensekiralmaz edimsekiralmaz emI wouldn't be able to jump | sensekiralmaz ediŋsekiralmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to jump | olsekiralmaz edisekiralmaz edhe wouldn't be able to jump | bizsekiralmaz ediksekiralmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to jump | sizsekiralmaz edigizsekiralmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to jump | alasekiralmaz edilesekiralmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to jump |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sensekiralğınsekiralğımay you be able to jump | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sensekiralmağınsekiralmağımay you not be able to jump | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | mensekirirge izleymeI want to jump | sensekirirge izleyseyou want to jump | olsekirirge izleydihe wants to jump | bizsekirirge izleybizwe want to jump | sizsekirirge izleysizyou all want to jump | alasekirirge izleydilethey want to jump |
| want to | mensekirirge izlemeymeI do not want to jump | sensekirirge izlemeyseyou do not want to jump | olsekirirge izlemeydihe does not want to jump | bizsekirirge izlemeybizwe do not want to jump | sizsekirirge izlemeysizyou all do not want to jump | alasekirirge izlemeydilethey do not want to jump |
| would like to | mensekirirge süemeI would like to jump | sensekirirge süeseyou would like to jump | olsekirirge süedihe would like to jump | bizsekirirge süebizwe would like to jump | sizsekirirge süesizyou all would like to jump | alasekirirge süedilethey would like to jump |
| would like to | mensekirirge süymeymeI would not like to jump | sensekirirge süymeyseyou would not like to jump | olsekirirge süymeydihe would not like to jump | bizsekirirge süymeybizwe would not like to jump | sizsekirirge süymeysizyou all would not like to jump | alasekirirge süymeydilethey would not like to jump |
| hope to | mensekirirge umutlanamaI hope to jump | sensekirirge umutlanasayou hope to jump | olsekirirge umutlanadıhe hopes to jump | bizsekirirge umutlanabızwe hope to jump | sizsekirirge umutlanasızyou all hope to jump | alasekirirge umutlanadılathey hope to jump |
| hope to | mensekirirge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to jump | sensekirirge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to jump | olsekirirge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to jump | bizsekirirge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to jump | sizsekirirge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to jump | alasekirirge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to jump |
| be about to | mensekirirge deb turamaI am about to jump | sensekirirge deb turasayou are about to jump | olsekirirge deb turadıhe is about to jump | bizsekirirge deb turabızwe are about to jump | sizsekirirge deb turasızyou all are about to jump | alasekirirge deb turadılathey are about to jump |
| be about to | mensekirirge deb turmaymaI am not about to jump | sensekirirge deb turmaysayou are not about to jump | olsekirirge deb turmaydıhe is not about to jump | bizsekirirge deb turmaybızwe are not about to jump | sizsekirirge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to jump | alasekirirge deb turmaydılathey are not about to jump |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | mensekirirge kerekmeI need to jump | sensekirirge kerekseyou need to jump | olsekirirge kerekdihe needs to jump | bizsekirirge kerekbizwe need to jump | sizsekirirge kereksizyou all need to jump | alasekirirge kerekdilethey need to jump |
| need to | mensekirirge kerek tülmeI do not need to jump | sensekirirge kerek tülseyou do not need to jump | olsekirirge kerek tüldühe does not need to jump | bizsekirirge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to jump | sizsekirirge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to jump | alasekirirge kerek tüldülethey do not need to jump |
| have to | menmenŋe sekirirge tüşediI have to jump | sensenŋe sekirirge tüşediyou have to jump | olaŋa sekirirge tüşedihe has to jump | bizbizge sekirirge tüşediwe have to jump | sizsizge sekirirge tüşediyou all have to jump | alaalağa sekirirge tüşedithey have to jump |
| have to | menmenŋe sekirirge tüşmeydiI do not have to jump | sensenŋe sekirirge tüşmeydiyou do not have to jump | olaŋa sekirirge tüşmeydihe does not have to jump | bizbizge sekirirge tüşmeydiwe do not have to jump | sizsizge sekirirge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to jump | alaalağa sekirirge tüşmeydithey do not have to jump |
| be obliged to | mensekirirge borçlumaI am obliged to jump | sensekirirge borçlusayou are obliged to jump | olsekirirge borçluduhe is obliged to jump | bizsekirirge borçlubuzwe are obliged to jump | sizsekirirge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to jump | alasekirirge borçludulathey are obliged to jump |
| be obliged to | mensekirirge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to jump | sensekirirge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to jump | olsekirirge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to jump | bizsekirirge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to jump | sizsekirirge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to jump | alasekirirge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to jump |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | mensekirirge madarım bardıI have a way to jump | sensekirirge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to jump | olsekirirge madarı bardıhe has a way to jump | bizsekirirge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to jump | sizsekirirge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to jump | alasekirirge madarları bardıthey have a way to jump |
| have a way to | mensekirirge madarım joqduI have no way to jump | sensekirirge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to jump | olsekirirge madarı joqduhe has no way to jump | bizsekirirge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to jump | sizsekirirge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to jump | alasekirirge madarları joqduthey have no way to jump |
| be free to | mensekirirge erkinligim bardıI am free to jump | sensekirirge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to jump | olsekirirge erkinligi bardıhe is free to jump | bizsekirirge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to jump | sizsekirirge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to jump | alasekirirge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to jump |
| be free to | mensekirirge erkinligim joqduI am not free to jump | sensekirirge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to jump | olsekirirge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to jump | bizsekirirge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to jump | sizsekirirge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to jump | alasekirirge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to jump |
| be possible to | menmenŋe sekirirge bolluqduit is possible for me to jump | sensenŋe sekirirge bolluqduit is possible for you to jump | olaŋa sekirirge bolluqduit is possible for him to jump | bizbizge sekirirge bolluqduit is possible for us to jump | sizsizge sekirirge bolluqduit is possible for you all to jump | alaalağa sekirirge bolluqduit is possible for them to jump |
| be possible to | menmenŋe sekirirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to jump | sensenŋe sekirirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to jump | olaŋa sekirirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to jump | bizbizge sekirirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to jump | sizsizge sekirirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to jump | alaalağa sekirirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to jump |
| be ready to | mensekirirge hazırmaI am ready to jump | sensekirirge hazırsayou are ready to jump | olsekirirge hazırdıhe is ready to jump | bizsekirirge hazırbızwe are ready to jump | sizsekirirge hazırsızyou all are ready to jump | alasekirirge hazırdılathey are ready to jump |
| be ready to | mensekirirge hazır tülmeI am not ready to jump | sensekirirge hazır tülseyou are not ready to jump | olsekirirge hazır tüldühe is not ready to jump | bizsekirirge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to jump | sizsekirirge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to jump | alasekirirge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to jump |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | mensekirirge küreşemeI am trying to jump | sensekirirge küreşeseyou are trying to jump | olsekirirge küreşedihe is trying to jump | bizsekirirge küreşebizwe are trying to jump | sizsekirirge küreşesizyou all are trying to jump | alasekirirge küreşedilethey are trying to jump |
| try to | mensekirirge küreşmeymeI am not trying to jump | sensekirirge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to jump | olsekirirge küreşmeydihe is not trying to jump | bizsekirirge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to jump | sizsekirirge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to jump | alasekirirge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to jump |
| agree to | mensekirirge unaymaI agree to jump | sensekirirge unaysayou agree to jump | olsekirirge unaydıhe agrees to jump | bizsekirirge unaybızwe agree to jump | sizsekirirge unaysızyou all agree to jump | alasekirirge unaydılathey agree to jump |
| agree to | mensekirirge unamaymaI refuse to jump | sensekirirge unamaysayou refuse to jump | olsekirirge unamaydıhe refuses to jump | bizsekirirge unamaybızwe refuse to jump | sizsekirirge unamaysızyou all refuse to jump | alasekirirge unamaydılathey refuse to jump |
| hurry to | mensekirirge aşığamaI am in a hurry to jump | sensekirirge aşığasayou are in a hurry to jump | olsekirirge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to jump | bizsekirirge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to jump | sizsekirirge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to jump | alasekirirge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to jump |
| hurry to | mensekirirge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to jump | sensekirirge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to jump | olsekirirge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to jump | bizsekirirge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to jump | sizsekirirge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to jump | alasekirirge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to jump |
| be afraid to | mensekirirge qorqamaI am afraid to jump | sensekirirge qorqasayou are afraid to jump | olsekirirge qorqadıhe is afraid to jump | bizsekirirge qorqabızwe are afraid to jump | sizsekirirge qorqasızyou all are afraid to jump | alasekirirge qorqadılathey are afraid to jump |
| be afraid to | mensekirirge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to jump | sensekirirge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to jump | olsekirirge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to jump | bizsekirirge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to jump | sizsekirirge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to jump | alasekirirge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to jump |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | mensekire bolmazmaI can't be jumping | sensekire bolmazsayou can't be jumping | olsekire bolmazhe can't be jumping | bizsekire bolmazbızwe can't be jumping | sizsekire bolmazsızyou all can't be jumping | alasekire bolmazlathey can't be jumping |
| Inference, present — double negation | mensekirmey bolmazmaI must be jumping (emphatic) | sensekirmey bolmazsayou must be jumping (emphatic) | olsekirmey bolmazhe must be jumping (emphatic) | bizsekirmey bolmazbızwe must be jumping (emphatic) | sizsekirmey bolmazsızyou all must be jumping (emphatic) | alasekirmey bolmazlathey must be jumping (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | mensekire turmasamif I don't keep jumping | sensekire turmasaŋif you don't keep jumping | olsekire turmasaif he doesn't keep jumping | bizsekire turmasaqif we don't keep jumping | sizsekire turmasağızif you all don't keep jumping | alasekire turmasalaif they don't keep jumping |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | mensekire tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of jumping | sensekire tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of jumping | olsekire tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of jumping | bizsekire tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of jumping | sizsekire tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of jumping | alasekire tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of jumping |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | mensekirmey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not jumping (emphatic) | sensekirmey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not jumping (emphatic) | olsekirmey tura bolmazhe must keep on not jumping (emphatic) | bizsekirmey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not jumping (emphatic) | sizsekirmey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not jumping (emphatic) | alasekirmey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not jumping (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | mensekirmey turamaI keep on not jumping | sensekirmey turasayou keep on not jumping | olsekirmey turadıhe keeps on not jumping | bizsekirmey turabızwe keep on not jumping | sizsekirmey turasızyou all keep on not jumping | alasekirmey turadılathey keep on not jumping |
| Progressive — double negation | mensekirmey turmaymaI am not keeping on not jumping | sensekirmey turmaysayou are not keeping on not jumping | olsekirmey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not jumping | bizsekirmey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not jumping | sizsekirmey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not jumping | alasekirmey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not jumping |
| Progressive — double negation | mensekirmey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not jumping? | sensekirmey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not jumping? | olsekirmey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not jumping? | bizsekirmey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not jumping? | sizsekirmey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not jumping? | alasekirmey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not jumping? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | mensekirgen bolmazmaI can't have jumped | sensekirgen bolmazsayou can't have jumped | olsekirgen bolmazhe can't have jumped | bizsekirgen bolmazbızwe can't have jumped | sizsekirgen bolmazsızyou all can't have jumped | alasekirgen bolmazlathey can't have jumped |
| Inference — double negation | mensekirmegen bolmazmaI must have jumped (emphatic) | sensekirmegen bolmazsayou must have jumped (emphatic) | olsekirmegen bolmazhe must have jumped (emphatic) | bizsekirmegen bolmazbızwe must have jumped (emphatic) | sizsekirmegen bolmazsızyou all must have jumped (emphatic) | alasekirmegen bolmazlathey must have jumped (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | mensekirgen bolmasamif it weren't that I had jumped | sensekirgen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had jumped | olsekirgen bolmasaif it weren't that he had jumped | bizsekirgen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had jumped | sizsekirgen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had jumped | alasekirgen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had jumped |
| Counterfactual — double negation | mensekirmegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't jumped | sensekirmegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't jumped | olsekirmegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't jumped | bizsekirmegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't jumped | sizsekirmegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't jumped | alasekirmegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't jumped |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | mensekirlik bolmazmaI can't be going to jump | sensekirlik bolmazsayou can't be going to jump | olsekirlik bolmazhe can't be going to jump | bizsekirlik bolmazbızwe can't be going to jump | sizsekirlik bolmazsızyou all can't be going to jump | alasekirlik bolmazlathey can't be going to jump |
| Inference, future — double negation | mensekirmezlik bolmazmaI must be going to jump (emphatic) | sensekirmezlik bolmazsayou must be going to jump (emphatic) | olsekirmezlik bolmazhe must be going to jump (emphatic) | bizsekirmezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to jump (emphatic) | sizsekirmezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to jump (emphatic) | alasekirmezlik bolmazlathey must be going to jump (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | mensekirlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to jump | sensekirlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to jump | olsekirlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to jump | bizsekirlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to jump | sizsekirlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to jump | alasekirlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to jump |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | mensekirmezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to jump | sensekirmezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to jump | olsekirmezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to jump | bizsekirmezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to jump | sizsekirmezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to jump | alasekirmezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to jump |