qulluq
/qulluq/ · plural qulluqla
1. work, service, duty, employment
- asker qulluq — military service
- awur qulluq — hard work
- üy qulluq — household chores
- eki jılnı qulluq eterge — to serve for two years
- qulluq etib pensiya alırğa — to earn a pension by working
- halqğa qulluq etgen batır sıylıdı — a hero who serves his people is honored
2. official post, office, position, rank
- qulluq tutarğa — to hold a post
- juwablı qulluq — a responsible post
- ullu qulluqdağı — high-ranking
- direktornu qulluğuna salırğa — to appoint to the post of director
- qulluqdan çığarıw — removal from office
- qulluğunda tüzlük bla işledi — he worked with integrity in his office
3. slavery, bondage, servitude
- qulluqğa satılğan adam — a person sold into slavery
- qulluqda jaşarğa — to live in bondage
- qulluqdan qutulurğa — to get free of bondage
- qulluqda jaşağan halq erkinlik tiledi — a people living in bondage asked for freedom
4. request, need, affair, errand, business
- bir qulluğum bar edi senŋe — I had a request for you
- ne qulluğuğuz bardı? — what business do you have?
- kişi qulluğuna boluşurğa kerekdi — one ought to help with another's need
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | qulluqthe service | qulluğummy service | qulluğuŋyour service | qulluğuhis service | qulluğubuzour service | qulluğuğuzyou all's service | qulluqlarıtheir services |
| Genitive | qulluqnuthe service's | qulluğumumy service's | qulluğuŋuyour service's | qulluğunuhis service's | qulluğubuznuour service's | qulluğuğuznuyou all's service's | qulluqlarınıtheir services' |
| Accusative | qulluqnuthe service (as the object) | qulluğumumy service (as the object) | qulluğuŋuyour service (as the object) | qulluğunhis service (as the object) | qulluğubuznuour service (as the object) | qulluğuğuznuyou all's service (as the object) | qulluqlarıntheir services (as the object) |
| Dative | qulluqğato the service | qulluğumato my service | qulluğuŋato your service | qulluğunato his service | qulluğubuzğato our service | qulluğuğuzğato you all's service | qulluqlarınato their services |
| Locative | qulluqdain / at the service | qulluğumdain / at my service | qulluğuŋdain / at your service | qulluğundain / at his service | qulluğubuzdain / at our service | qulluğuğuzdain / at you all's service | qulluqlarındain / at their services |
| Ablative | qulluqdanfrom the service | qulluğumdanfrom my service | qulluğuŋdanfrom your service | qulluğundanfrom his service | qulluğubuzdanfrom our service | qulluğuğuzdanfrom you all's service | qulluqlarındanfrom their services |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | qulluqlathe services | qulluqlarımmy services | qulluqlarıŋyour services | qulluqlarıhis services | qulluqlarıbızour services | qulluqlarığızyou all's services | qulluqlarıtheir services |
| Genitive | qulluqlanıthe services' | qulluqlarımımy services' | qulluqlarıŋıyour services' | qulluqlarınıhis services' | qulluqlarıbıznıour services' | qulluqlarığıznıyou all's services' | qulluqlarınıtheir services' |
| Accusative | qulluqlanıthe services (as the object) | qulluqlarımımy services (as the object) | qulluqlarıŋıyour services (as the object) | qulluqlarınhis services (as the object) | qulluqlarıbıznıour services (as the object) | qulluqlarığıznıyou all's services (as the object) | qulluqlarıntheir services (as the object) |
| Dative | qulluqlağato the services | qulluqlarımato my services | qulluqlarıŋato your services | qulluqlarınato his services | qulluqlarıbızğato our services | qulluqlarığızğato you all's services | qulluqlarınato their services |
| Locative | qulluqladain / at the services | qulluqlarımdain / at my services | qulluqlarıŋdain / at your services | qulluqlarındain / at his services | qulluqlarıbızdain / at our services | qulluqlarığızdain / at you all's services | qulluqlarındain / at their services |
| Ablative | qulluqladanfrom the services | qulluqlarımdanfrom my services | qulluqlarıŋdanfrom your services | qulluqlarındanfrom his services | qulluqlarıbızdanfrom our services | qulluqlarığızdanfrom you all's services | qulluqlarındanfrom their services |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: qulluqları can mean "his / her services", "their service", or "their services" — context decides.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.